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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Market of medicinal preparations'

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Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Saliy, O. O. "Marketing researches of the countries-manufacturers preparations of hyaluronic acid." Thesis, ПАТ "Фармак", 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13373.

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The range of products with hyaluronic acid on the domestic market is very limited during the studied period. The results of analysis of the market established in the pharmaceutical market the presence of products of domestic producers with partial and full production cycle. Also the market presents preparations of manufacturers from Italy, Germany, Japan, Hungary and Ireland. It is established that the most active hyaluronic acid is used for the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The analysis of literary sources showed that the most effective is the using of hyaluronic
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2

Mati, Evan. "Ethnobotany and Trade of Medicinal Plants in the Qaysari Market, Erbil, Kurdish Autonomous Region, Iraq." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Systematisk biologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-141814.

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3

Steponavičiūtė-Pučinskienė, Laima. "Augalinių preparatų rinka Lietuvoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060615_160214-26598.

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According to data of research company „IMS Health“ the pharmacy market in Lithuania increases year by year, and sales of non-prescribed medicine increase significantly. A part of those sales is comprised of herbal medicine preparations. Analysis of competitive environment, analysis of available preparations portfolio and possibilities of the company‘s development are compulsory seeking to stay competitive. During the last years we observed an increasing interest of consumers in herbal medicine preparations, therefore, the topic chosen is relevant for the Master‘s Degree thesis. Aim of the stud
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4

Arruda, Frommenwiler Débora. "Comprehensive high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting in quality control of herbal drugs, preparations and products." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671745.

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Quality control of herbals has its roots in the study of morphoanatomic and organoleptic characters. Nevertheless, in the last century, with the evolution of analytical chemistry, the quality control rapidly evolved from elementary tests to the use of sophisticated instruments combined with software for data management. In the current days, many authorities and organizations recommend a suite of tests, featuring many of these instruments, to evaluate quality of herbal products. HPTLC offers a comprehensive set of data that can be used not only for identification but also to evaluate the purity
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5

BITU, Vanessa de Carvalho Nilo. "Estudo bioprospectivo de plantas comercializadas para fins terapêuticos em mercados públicos da Região Nordeste do Brasil." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5104.

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Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2016-07-28T12:45:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanessa de Carvalho Nilo Bitu.pdf: 8806452 bytes, checksum: ac94c591ad656bdd84aaf9a0faaa5f5a (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-28T12:45:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanessa de Carvalho Nilo Bitu.pdf: 8806452 bytes, checksum: ac94c591ad656bdd84aaf9a0faaa5f5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-03<br>This bioprospective study with an ethno-directed approach took into consideration the knowledge of vendors of medicinal plants in a region of Northeast Brazil known as Triângulo Crajubar. Our aim wa
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6

Fugit, Kyle Daniel. "QUANTIFICATION OF FACTORS GOVERNING DRUG RELEASE KINETICS FROM NANOPARTICLES: A COMBINED EXPERIMENTAL AND MECHANISTIC MODELING APPROACH." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pharmacy_etds/37.

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Advancements in nanoparticle drug delivery of anticancer agents require mathematical models capable of predicting in vivo formulation performance from in vitro characterization studies. Such models must identify and incorporate the physicochemical properties of the therapeutic agent and nanoparticle driving in vivo drug release. This work identifies these factors for two nanoparticle formulations of anticancer agents using an approach which develops mechanistic mathematical models in conjunction with experimental studies. A non-sink ultrafiltration method was developed to monitor liposomal rel
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7

Frischkorn, Kate E. "Preparation of Supramolecular Amphiphilic Cyclodextrin Bilayer Vesicles for Pharmaceutical Applications." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1894.

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Recent pharmaceutical developments have investigated using supramolecular nanoparticles in order to increase the bioavailability and solubility of drugs delivered in various methods. Modification of the carbohydrate cyclodextrin increases the ability to encapsulate hydrophobic pharmaceutical molecules by forming a carrier with a hydrophobic core and hydrophilic exterior. Guest molecules are commonly added to these inclusion complexes in order to add stability and further increase targeting abilities of the carriers. One such guest molecule is adamantine combined with a poly(ethylene glycol) ch
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8

Ekelund, Mats. "Competition and innovation in the Swedish pharmaceutical market." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.) (EFI), 2001. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/559.htm.

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9

Greene, Sarah Marsden. "Non-Timber Forest Products Marketing Systems and Market Players in Southwest Virginia: A Case Study of Craft, Medicinal and Herbal, Specialty Wood, and Edible Forest Products." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36523.

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Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are important in rural southwest Virginia as a source of household sustenance and supplemental income. The trade in NTFPs from this region is centuries old and now helps supply growing worldwide demands. Although marketing is a vital part of optimizing the value of these products, it has been ignored in rural natural resource development. This research analyzes marketing systems for selected NTFPs in southwest Virginia by describing marketing chains, interpreting data on important marketing elements, and comparing results within and between different groups
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10

Sherwood, Alexander M. "Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Compounds with CNS-Activity Targeting Cannabinoid and Biogenic Amine Receptors." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1831.

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This work seeks to contribute to the discipline of neuropharmacology by way of structure activity relationship from the standpoint of an organic chemist. More specifically, we sought to develop robust synthetic methodology able to efficiently produce an array of compounds for the purpose of systematic evaluation of their interaction with specific sights within the central nervous system (CNS) in order to better understand the mind and to develop drugs that may have beneficial effects on neurological function. The focus of these studies has been toward the development of novel molecules, using
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11

Erdmann, Michele. "Ocorrência de Hypericum spp. no Planalto Serrano Catarinense e utilização da homeopatia no cultivo de Hypericum perforatum e Hypericum inodorum Androsaemum." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2008. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1121.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:44:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGPV08MA075.pdf: 2514308 bytes, checksum: 5a0e94495b6093ef64517b7c72d7304f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-16<br>The Santa Catarina s plateau has a vast variety of different plants that still little known by its inhabitants. The domestication and intensive cultivation of certain native plants species has stimulated the adoption of conventional techniques like the use of organic pesticides that because of its intensive application causes environmental contamination and human intoxication. The objectives of this re
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12

Dinsmore, Kristen, Bethany Campbell, Timothy Archibald, Greg Mosier, Stacy PhD Brown, and Alexei MD Gonzalez-Estrada. "Refrigerated Stability of Diluted Cisatracurium, Rocuronium, and Vecuronium for skin testing after perioperative anaphylaxis." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/146.

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Rationale: The purpose of this study is to investigate the stored stability of dilutions of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs), namely cisatracurium, rocuronium, and vecuronium, for skin prick/intradermal testing. Methods: Concentrations of NMBAs were monitored by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for a period of 14 days. Dilutions of NMBAs were prepared in saline by factors of 10x, 100x, 1,000x, 10,000x, and 100,000x as sensitivity of the assay allowed. Diluted drug products were stored in a laboratory refrigerator until sampling. On sampling days, aliquots of each dilutio
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13

Samoshin, Andrey V. "Diastereoselective acylation of trans-2-substituted-cyclohexanols and glycosidase inhibition studies." Scholarly Commons, 2011. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/275.

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Part I. The reaction between chiral acyl chlorides and trans -2-substituted-cyclohexanols proceeds diastereoselectively, i.e. produces mixtures of unequal amounts of diastereomers. We found for the first time that addition of pyridine or diisopropylethylamine accelerates the acylation, and unexpectedly for some substituents (RX) may completely invert its diastereoselectivity. These observations have been rationalized in terms of a stereoselective intramolecular assistance by the RX group to the acylation of the neighboring hydroxyl ("bait-and-hook" mechanism). A series of trans -2-substituted-
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14

Tejomurthula, Sravanthi. "Overexpression of Human Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in E.coli Using Two Different Solubility Enhancing Tags." Scholarly Commons, 2017. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/261.

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Dioxins such as TCDD are environment pollutants whose toxic effects are mediated via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway. AhR is a ligand sensitive transcription factor. The unbound AhR resides in cytoplasm as a complex containing p23, Hsp90 and XAP2. Upon ligand binding, AhR undergoes conformational change and translocates into the nucleus. Once the AhR dimerizes with AhR nuclear translocator (Arnt), the chaperone proteins in the complex get dissociated followed by the activation of transcription of various genes such as CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 by AhR-ARNT heterodimer. Various cancers
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15

Patlolla, Karthik Reddy. "Predicting aqueous solubility of pharmaceutical agents by solid dispersion prepared by solvent evaporation method." Scholarly Commons, 2015. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/268.

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Solubility of active pharmaceutical agents is a crucial process that determines drug absorption and ultimately its bioavailability. Many of the new therapeutically beneficial compounds discovered are lipophilic requiring various solubility enhancement strategies to improve their solubility. Among these strategies, solubility enhancement using solid dispersions is a leading method. To obtain a desirable increase in the solubility of a poorly-soluble compound, a good understanding of the molecular descriptors influencing the enhancement of solubility is essential. Therefore, the major research o
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16

Yang, Dazhou. "Synthesis and biophysical evaluation of thiazole orange derivatives as DNA binding ligands." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/141.

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Guanine-rich telomeric DNA at the end of chromosomes can form a unique DNA tertiary structure - G-quadruplex, which is known to inhibit the binding of telomerase to telomeric regions in cancer cells and thus regulate unrestricted cancer cell growth. Hence, G-quadruplex DNA has recently become a promising target in oncology. The formation of G-quadruplex structures is greatly facilitated by G-quadruplex binding ligands such as Thiazole orange (TO). Compared with other G-quadruplex binding ligands, TO has an intriguing tunable fluorescence property. Upon binding to DNA, the fluorescence of TO ca
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17

Naidu, Prathyusha. "Catalase-loaded liposomal magnesium phosphate nanoparticles for intracellular protein delivery." Scholarly Commons, 2016. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/266.

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Proteins are large biomolecules that have great therapeutic potential in treating many human diseases. Proteins exert higher specificity and more complicated functions; they are well endured and less inclined to evoke immune responses when compared to small molecule drugs. However, exogenous proteins when administered intravenously are prone to immune reactions. Chemical and enzymatic denaturation, and poor penetration into cells are some other challenges for clinical use of intracellular proteins. Proteins that enter cells through endocytosis will be eventually degraded in lysosomes if they d
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18

Kondepudi, Karthik Chalam. "Computational prediction of enhanced solubility of poorly aqueous soluble drugs prepared by hot melt method." Scholarly Commons, 2015. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/267.

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Solubility is the concentration of a solute in a saturated solution at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility of a drug in aqueous media is a pre-requisite to achieve desired concentration of a drug in the systemic circulation. Low aqueous solubility is a major problem encountered with formulation development of recently designed new chemical entities. Solubility of poorly soluble drugs is enhanced by physical and chemical modifications of drug. Shake flask method is the most commonly used experimental method to determine solubility. However, this method has several limitations. A single
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19

Vutukuru, Naresh Kumar Reddy. "Apparent dissolution rate enhancement of poorly-water soluble drugs by adsorption technique." Scholarly Commons, 2015. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/269.

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Nearly 70% of the new chemical entities (NCE’s) discovered are poorly-water soluble drugs and the number of poorly-water soluble drugs are increasing rapidly in the drug discovery. Most of the NCE’s are lipophilic and have dissolution rate issues. Low dissolution rate of the drugs result in poor bioavailability. To overcome poor bioavailability, an adsorption technique is developed to enhance the apparent dissolution rate of poorly-water soluble drugs. In this study, two poor-water soluble model drugs, ibuprofen and carvedilol were used. Methanol, DMF, DMSO and PEG400 were used as solvents and
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20

Vangala, Swathi. "Human Cytochrome P450 3A4 Over-Expressing IEC-18 and MDCK Cell Lines as an In-Vitro Model to Assess Gut Permeability and the Enzyme Metabolism." Scholarly Commons, 2013. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/273.

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Purpose. The fate of an orally administered drug is dependent on many parameters before it can reach the systemic circulation, including drug absorption and first-pass metabolism in the gut and the liver. Mammalian cells lines such as MDCK and Caco-2 are commonly employed to assess drug permeability but they lack or have low expression level of drug metabolism enzyme expression such as CYP3A4, which contributes to significant first-pass gut and liver metabolism for many drugs. Consequently, these cell lines are not sufficient to integrate metabolism when assessing drug absorption. Here, we tes
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21

Nannapaneni, Vijaysri. "Preparation of amorphous forms to increase the solubility of poorly soluble drugs using spray drying." Scholarly Commons, 2011. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/274.

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Spray drying is widely used in enhancing the aqueous solubility of poorly soluble compounds. In this study, the mechanism of solubility enhancement was characterized using three model drugs-naproxen, ketoprofen and furosemide. Physical mixtures of the model drug with polyvinylpyrrolidine and spray dried composites were subjected to Fourier Transform Infrared Sprectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRPD). The data showed that the crystalline model drugs were converted to amorphous form upon spray drying, whereas the physical mixtures did not c
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22

Ponnakanti, Himaja. "Soluble and Functional Overexpression of the Ligand Binding Domain of Mouse Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in E.Coli." Scholarly Commons, 2017. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/260.

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The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a cytosolic ligand-activated transcription factor whose toxicity and carcinogenesis is mediated through various polyaromatic hydrocarbons and other environmental pollutants. The role of AhR in carcinogenesis is an area of concern due its altered levels in various tumors. AhR binds structurally diverse ligands and may elicit different responses upon ligand binding. The crystal structure of mouse AhR PAS-A domain was already obtained due to the robustness of mouse AhR in comparison to human. There is a possibility of overexpressing mouse AhR ligand binding
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23

Flores, Mori Carla Fabiola. "Venta de plantas Medicinales en los mercados de abasto peruanos: La Parada y Modelo." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656452.

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En esta investigación se compara los sectores de venta de plantas medicinales en los mercados de abasto La Parada y Modelo ubicados en los departamentos de Lima y Lambayeque, respectivamente para proponer una remodelación de diseño interior. Los aspectos por estudiar en ambos establecimientos son los siguientes: Ubicación, infraestructura, materialidad, distribución, presentación del producto, forma de exhibición, presencia del misticismo y funcionalidad. Para seleccionar la pre existencia a intervenir se desarrolló una metodología mixta, la cual constó en la recopilación de datos empíricos, f
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24

Fang, Yunzhou. "A novel intracellular protein delivery system - Magnesium phosphate nanoparticles with cationic lipid coating for catalase intracellular delivery." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/270.

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Protein therapeutics have great potential in treating human disease, especially for those caused by alternations in the functions of intracellular proteins. However, clinical use of protein by intracellular delivery has been hampered by the instability due to proteins' physicochemical properties, and some barriers in the delivery pathway. This study was to prepare and test a novel intracellular protein delivery system - magnesium phosphate nanoparticles with cationic lipid coating for catalase intracellular delivery (LP MgP NP-CAT), and investigate whether it can release the encapsulated catal
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25

Sachdeva, Sameer. "Design and applications of antibody mimics against epidermal growth factor receptor." Scholarly Commons, 2015. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/132.

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Antibodies have been widely used as reagents, homing devices, diagnostics and as therapeutic agents against different targets in clinic and research. Recently a number of monoclonal antibodies and their drug conjugates have been approved as therapeutic agents. While these molecules have great potential in various applications and therapeutics, extensive use of full length antibodies has been hampered by the high cost of production, large molecular weight and limited ability to penetrate tumor tissues. These limitations have led to the research for antibody alternatives with lower molecular wei
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26

Sun, Jingjing. "Exploring the effect of alpha2 receptor on brain 5-HT via a mechanism-based pharmacodynamic model." Scholarly Commons, 2012. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/154.

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Purpose: 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter in depression. It is believed that α 1 and α 2 adrenoceptors mediate the 5-HT level in the brain. The mechanism is complex and not well explored. Especially in different combination treatments, the receptor systems may show varied modulation capability. Additionally, some research has suggested that α 2 heteroceptors may contribute to the time delay problem in dual depression treatment which is thought as the time needed for certain inhibition receptor to get desensitized. We hypothesized that the α 2 adrenoceptors had inhibi
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27

Tsai, Yi-Ju. "Two approaches to the design and synthesis of bimetallic complexes." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/272.

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Dirhodium complexes have been known for their catalytic reactivities toward C-H bond activation for nearly two decades. However, both experimental and theoretical studies have not given a clear explanation on the roles of each metal in the reactivities, largely due to the limited number of available bimetallic species. To study the system systematically, we set our goal to synthesize bimetallic complexes from two independent approaches. In the first approach, five N, N’ -diarylformamidines with symmetric or asymmetric substituents on the phenyl groups were synthesized and fully characterized.
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Stowell, Yoshiko Katori. "Mechanistic study of nanoemulsion absorption and its application for permeation enhancement." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/139.

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Oil in water (o/w) nanoemulsion is a two-phase dispersed system in which the oil can incorporate poorly water soluble drugs to form a liquid dosage form. The enhancement of bioavailability with a use of nanoemulsion has often been reported empirically and speculated to be a result of the enhanced dissolution due to a larger surface area, however, the mechanism of nanoemulsion permeation was yet to be explored. The goal of this dissertation was to understand the mechanism of nanoemulsion permeation and to control permeation and bioavailability. The first objective was to delineate the effect of
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29

Estari, Rohit Kumar. "Effect of rutaecarpine on caffeine pharmacokinetics in rats." Scholarly Commons, 2015. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/276.

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Many people like to drink caffeinated beverages, such as coffee or tea, but are sensitive to effects of caffeine. Therefore, they either avoid drinking caffeinated beverages altogether, or they avoid drinking them close to bedtime to prevent caffeine from interfering with their sleep. Ruta Cleanse and Ruta Sleep are natural supplements containing rutaecarpine that are designed to speed up the removal of caffeine from the blood. The recommendation is to take two capsules (equivalent to 100 mg rutaecarpine), as needed, to reduce caffeine level. Customers have reported positive effects, when take
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30

Shallal, Hassan M. "The discovery and anticancer preclinical investigation of novel piperazinylpyrimidine derivatives designed to target the human kinome." Scholarly Commons, 2011. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/158.

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The current dissertation describes a multidisciplinary research project centered on the discovery and investigation of the anticancer activities exhibited by novel piperazinylpyrimidine derivatives designed to target kinases protein family. Primary screening of the antiproliferative effects implemented by these successfully synthesized new agents has resulted in the candidacy of 4 , 15 , and 16 as not only prototype representatives of the class, but surprisingly also as optimized agents for either globally cytotoxic, 16 , or selectively cytostatic, 4 and 15 , agents. Subjecting 4 , 15 , and 16
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Buen, Zachary. "Establishment of gas-phase thermochemical values of various small organic compounds and oligopeptides." Scholarly Commons, 2016. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/262.

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The thesis describes utilizing mass spectrometry and computational methods to study two groups of molecular systems: small organic molecules and oligopeptides. The gas-phase acidities were measured and the structures of the molecular species were calculated. The small molecules investigated included methylparaben, ibuprofen, and triclosan, all known to have some biological activity. The gas-phase acidity measurements made for these small molecules had the solvent and collisional gas pressures adjusted in order to observe their potential influences. The results obtained provide insight into the
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Easter, Chrissa Michelle Mozaffari. "A tale of two small oxygenated molecules as told by photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy." Scholarly Commons, 2016. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/263.

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Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence (PEPICO) Spectroscopy studies on two small oxygenated species are presented here. Diethyl Ether (Et2O) and Acetic Anhydride (AcOAc) were chosen because of their and their fragments' relevance to combustion chemistry. The Imaging PEPICO (iPEPICO) experiment at the VUV beamline of the Swiss Light Source (SLS) was utilized to provide dissociative ionization data of the two molecules of interest. In this experiment, the unimolecular fragmentation pathways of energy selected ions can be studied with high energy resolution. The iPEPICO experimental setup also allow
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Zhou, Zhu. "Exploring the effects of 5-HT2A and AMPA receptors on brain 5-HT via a mechanism-based pharmacodynamic model." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/143.

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Depression is a common mood disorder. Although major ethical challenges make it nearly impossible to invasively and directly measure serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) levels in human brains, neuroimaging technologies have shown macroscopic structural and functional abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of depressed patients. The monoamine hypothesis of depression is based on the neurotransmitter imbalance, such as deceased serotonin brain levels are implicated in the cause of depression. Research has focused on the control mechanisms involved in the dorsal raphé nucleus (DRN) which
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Malla, Ritu. "Role of PRAS40 in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) modulation in cancer and insulin resistance." Scholarly Commons, 2016. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/129.

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Dysregulation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway has been reported in various pathologies, such as cancer and insulin resistance. The proline-rich AKT substrate of 40-kDa (PRAS40), also known as AKT substrate 1 (AKT1S1), lies at the crossroads of these cascades and inhibits the activity of the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) kinase. Firstly, our findings showed that disruption of PRAS40, a substrate of AKT and component of mTORC1, alters glucose homeostasis and prevent hyperglycemia in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mouse model. PRAS40 ablation resulted in a mild lowering of blood glucose levels and
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Curtis, Matthew Earl. "Investigation and characterization of the Direct Analysis in Real Time helium metastable beam open-air ion source: Mechanism of ionization, fluid dynamic visualization, and applications." Scholarly Commons, 2013. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/146.

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The DART ion source was introduced in 2005 at the ASMS Sanibel Conference and immediately afterward Professor Sparkman was contemplating of a way to get our lab this revolutionary mass spectrometry ionization technique. It did not take long because it was delivered to the Pacific Mass Spectrometry Facility in August 2006 and I was able to being using and learning the technique. The ion source creates excited state helium metastables (2 3 S) with an ionization potential of 19.8 eV are created by a glow discharge at atmospheric pressure. The metastables are sent through an optional heater, to ai
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Borkar, Sampada N. "Very accurate gas-phase thermochemistry through photoelectron photoion coincidence (PEPICO) spectroscopy." Scholarly Commons, 2013. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/144.

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Five projects are presented here that use Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence (PEPICO) Spectroscopy to determine high-accuracy thermochemical data on small and intermediate size molecules and radicals that are relevant in modeling combustion and atmospheric processes. Some of the experiments were carried out on the laboratory-based Threshold PEPICO (TPEPICO) apparatus which has the advantage of having a low-temperature inlet system and unlimited measurement time, while most of the projects involved the use of the Imaging PEPICO (iPEPICO) apparatus at the Swiss Light Source, which is capable to
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37

Kaur, Navdeep. "Sublingual drug delivery: In vitro-in vivo correlation." Scholarly Commons, 2013. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/148.

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Administration of drugs sublingually allows direct absorption into the systemic circulation which results in quick onset of action and a higher bioavailability as a consequence of by-passing first pass metabolism. Absorption of drugs across sublingual mucosa is typically determined by means of in vitro permeation studies using excised sublingual tissue during early phases of drug development. Although in vitro set up has been designed to mimic in vivo system yet the results of in vitro studies often deviate from in vivo results. Therefore, it is not known if the in vitro studies can be used as
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Chitranshi, Priyanka. "Interactions of small molecules with duplex DNA and lesion containing G-quadruplex DNA." Scholarly Commons, 2013. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/145.

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The low redox potential of guanines (G 1.29 V vs. NHE) compared to other nucleobases, makes them potentially susceptible to attack by exogenous and endogenous damaging species. This property of guanine has also been utilized for the development of several anticancer agents including the well-known platinum complexes, cisplatin and carboplatin. The two closely related nickel complexes, NiCR and NiCR-2H, exhibit significant differences in cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 cancer cells. In the first part of this work, we explain this difference using biochemical and biophysical approaches to study their
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Hoang, Son Xuan. "Macrocyclic chemistry: Part I - Characterization of a mixed-valence di-iron complex and synthesis of a new poly-iron complex. Part II - Synthesis, characterization of new diphosphoester macrocyclic polyethers." Scholarly Commons, 2011. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/157.

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Our research involved two projects: Crown Aza and Crown ether. Crown Aza are compounds that have nitrogens as the hetero-atoms in the macrocycle. In the first aim, the 1 H NMR spectrum of strongly-coupled di-iron complexes shows 5 different conformations, but is unable to identify these conformers. Calculation using Density Functional Theory (DFT) were performed to attempt to quantify these conformers to correlate with the experimental NMR data. The second aim of this study was to utilize the carbonyl functional group of the macrocycles to couple the iron complexes to obtain tetramers or highe
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Shah, Khyati Niral. "Mechanism of tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/138.

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Acquired tamoxifen resistance develops in the majority of hormone responsive breast cancers and frequently involves overexpression of the PI3K/AKT axis. Here, breast cancer cells, with elevated endogenous AKT or overexpression of activated AKT exhibited tamoxifen-stimulated cell proliferation and enhanced cell motility. To gain mechanistic insight on AKT-induced endocrine resistance, gene expression profiling was performed to determine the transcripts that are differentially expressed post-tamoxifen therapy under conditions of AKT overexpression. Consistent with the biological outcome, many of
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41

Gyanani, Vijay. "Turning stealth liposomes into cationic liposomes for anticancer drug delivery." Scholarly Commons, 2013. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/147.

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Targeting the anticancer agents selectively to cancer cells is desirable to improve the efficacy and to reduce the side effects of anticancer therapy. Previously reported passive tumor targeting by PEGylated liposomes (stealth liposomes) have resulted in their higher tumor accumulation. However their interaction with cancer cells has been minimal due to the steric hindrance of the PEG coating. This dissertation reports two approaches to enhance the interaction of stealth liposomes with cancer cells. First, we designed a lipid-hydrazone-PEG conjugate that removes the PEG coating at acidic pH as
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Zhao, Xiaoning. "Synthesis and applications of functional magnetic polymer beads; synthesis and mass spectrometry analysis of model peptides." Scholarly Commons, 2012. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/156.

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The first part of the thesis describes the synthesis and application of functional magnetic polymer beads. The traditional suspension polymerization approach was used to synthesize polystyrene-iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) based magnetic beads. The beads were coupled to different surface functional groups. The Fe 3 O 4 particles were encapsulated into a polystyrene shell. The surface functional groups were generated by graft-polymerization with functional monomers. The average size of the beads was in the range of 100-500 μm. Chemical tests showed that the beads were stable in strong acid, strong bas
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Aggrawal, Manali. "Study of DNA damage on DNA G-quadruplexes and biophysical evaluation of the effects of modified bases (lesions) on their conformation and stability." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/134.

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Exposure of DNA to reactive oxygen species (ROS) results in the modified nucleobases (lesions) as well as strand scissions under physiological conditions. Due to its lowest oxidation potential (1.29 eV), guanine is the most easily oxidisable nucleobase. Furthermore, it has been observed that the 5'-guanine in G-tracts (e.g. GGG) has even lower oxidation potential (1.00 V vs. NHE). One of the representative G-rich examples is telomeres that consist of repeating units of 5'-d [TTAGGG]-3' found at the ends of chromosomes. Telomeres play an important role in biological functions, serving as guardi
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Han, Xiaoyuan. "Sex differences in aortic endothelial function of diabetic rats: Possible involvement of superoxide and nitric oxide production." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/136.

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Little is known about the interaction between diabetes and sex in vasculature. This study was designed to investigate whether there were sex differences in rat aortic endothelial function in diabetes, and to examine the potential roles of superoxide and nitric oxide (NO) in this sex-specific effect. Two diabetic animal models were used: streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats (at early and intermediate stages of disease) and Zucker type 2 diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) to acetylcholine (ACh) was measured in aortic rings pre-contracted with phenyle
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Mai, Yvonne M. "Use of various health care providers and the associated clinical and humanistic outcomes in an ambulatory Medicare population." Scholarly Commons, 2016. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/265.

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Background: The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and other non-physician health care providers (dentists, optometrists, etc.) has steadily increased in the United States; however, the associated outcomes reported in the Medicare beneficiary population are limited. Objective: To evaluate the utilization of different healthcare providers by Medicare beneficiaries and assess resultant beneficiary outcomes. Methods: Fourteen outreach events targeting Medicare beneficiaries were conducted throughout Northern/Central California during the 2014 open enrollment period. Trained stude
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Zhao, Liang. "Post-translational modifications of SEL24K from salmon eggs and ZPA from Xenopus laevis eggs." Scholarly Commons, 2011. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/160.

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Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins play significant roles in regulation of biological activities and signal transduction. Examining their diversity is critical for understanding the mechanisms of cellular regulations. Among the various techniques employed for identification of PTMs, mass spectrometry has become a more and more important tool for detecting and mapping these covalent modifications and quantifying their changes. The two projects described in this dissertation focus mainly on the method development for characterization of two major PTMs, disulfide bonds and glycos
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Saraf, Poonam S. "RGD based peptide amphiphiles as drug carriers for cancer targeting." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/137.

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Specific interactions of ligands with receptors is one of the approaches for active targeting of anticancer drugs to cancer cells. Over expression of integrin receptors is a physiological manifestation in several cancers and is associated with cancer progression and metastasis, which makes it an attractive target for cancer chemotherapy. The peptide sequence for this integrin recognition is the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD). Self-assembly offers a unique way of presenting ligands to target receptors for recognition and binding. This study focuses on development of integrin specific peptide amphiphile self
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Penchala, Sravan C. "Characterization of AG10, a potent stabilizer of transthyretin, and its application in enhancing in vivo half-life of therapeutic peptides." Scholarly Commons, 2016. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/130.

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The misassembly of soluble proteins into toxic aggregates, including amyloid fibrils, underlies a large number of human degenerative diseases. Cardiac amyloidoses, which are most commonly caused by aggregation of Immunoglobulin (Ig) light chains or transthyretin (TTR) in the cardiac interstitium and conducting system, represent an important and often underdiagnosed cause of heart failure. Two types of TTR-associated amyloid cardiomyopathies are clinically important. The Val122Ile (V122I) mutation, which alters the kinetic stability of TTR and affects 3% to 4% of African Americans, can lead to
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Cao, William Sam. "Characterization and application of human pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons to evaluate the risk of developmental neurotoxicity with antiepileptic drugs in vitro." Scholarly Commons, 2015. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/131.

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The risks of damage to the developing nervous system of many chemicals are not known because these studies often require costly and time-consuming multi-generational animal experiments. Pluripotent stem cell-based systems can facilitate developmental neurotoxicity studies because disturbances in nervous system development can be modeled in vitro. In this study, neurons derived from embryonal carcinoma (EC) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, were first characterized to establish their suitability for developmental neurotoxicity studies. The EC stem cell line, TERA2.cl.SP-12, was differen
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Arikatla, Swetha. "Effect of Tumor Microenvironmental Conditions on Non Small Cell Lung Cancer." Scholarly Commons, 2017. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/126.

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Tumor microenvironmental conditions play a vital role in promoting metastasis and tumor recurrence. Due to inefficient vasculature, cancer cells experience hypoxia, glucose deprivation and low pH even during the early stages of tumor growth. Tumor cells are proposed to adapt to these microenvironmental conditions by acquiring increased migratory and invasion potential and tumor initiating ability. Our research addresses the effect of these biochemical factors of the tumor microenvironment (TME) on motility, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness of non-small cell lung cancer (
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