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Journal articles on the topic 'Market of public order'
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1
Besters, Michiel, and Milda Macenaite. "Securing the EU Public Order: Between an Economic and Political Europe." German Law Journal 14, no. 10 (October 1, 2013): 2075–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002650.
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Until recently, throughout the European Union's integration process, public order and internal security matters have been marked by a concern and respect for the national sovereignty of the EU Member States. Member States enjoyed their respective regulatory autonomy, as public order and internal security matters were dealt with at the EU level merely on the basis of the internal market logic. This is particularly evident in Articles 45(3) and 52 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). These Articles establish the exceptions of public policy and public security as grounds that may be invoked by the Member States to limit the fundamental right to free movement. These grounds have been primarily viewed as deriving from impediments to the creation of the common market.
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Shen, Carl Hsin-han. "Pecking order, access to public debt market, and information asymmetry." International Review of Economics & Finance 29 (January 2014): 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2013.06.002.
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Bougherara, Douadia, and Gilles Grolleau. "Designing Ecolabels In Order To Mitigate Market Failures." Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 16, no. 4 (July 2005): 411–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02601079x05001600403.
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For the market for ecofriendly characteristics of agrofood products to function effectively, means of mitigating asymmetric information, informational overload and public goods properties are necessary. Ecolabel success requires a design and an implementation capable of mitigating simultaneously these three sources of market failures. Our contribution differs from many to date by (1) introducing and analyzing the informational overload as a source of market failure and (2) considering the ecolabel, not only as a tool to re-establish information symmetry between the producer and consumer but also as a way to overcome informational overload and public goods problems. We analyze how these sources of market failures may be mitigated by providing information perceived as trustworthy, tying credence and public attributes to verifiable and private attributes and designing the ecolabel as a cognitive support for consumers. We provide an exploratory qualitative study of several French ecolabels to stress how they more or less succeed in attenuating the identified sources of market failures. Several implications for policymakers and managers are stressed. We conclude by suggesting several issues requiring further investigations. JEL Classification Numbers: D11, D21, L15
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ISOLANA, JACK B. "Public-Private Partnership (PPP) as an Alternative Model to Public Infrastructure Development and Service Delivery: The Case of PPP-Public Markets in the Philippines." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 11, no. 1 (January 16, 2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v11i1.18213.
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The study examined the internalization of core-values of New Public Management (NPM) among Local Government Units (LGUs) in the Philippines in their effort to reform the management and operation of public markets. Using Public-Private Partnership (PPP) as a framework of NPM for infrastructure development and service delivery, the study assessed the performance of PPP/BOT Public Markets in addressing the perennial problems of public markets in the Philippines. It inquired whether or not PPP as an instrument of reform has improved the management and operation of public markets.To substantiate the assessment, five pioneering PPP public markets in the country were examined, namely; Mandaluyong Public Market in Mandaluyong City, Carmen and Cogon Public Markets in Cagayan de Oro City, Suki Market in Quezon City, and Bocaue Public Market in Bocaue, Bulacan. It used organization and management, the scope of facilities and services, LGU-revenue income and expenditures, and income of market vendors, and client satisfaction on the quality of facilities and services as performance indicators. The data of the study were obtained through combined research methodologies such as case study, content analysis, ocular inspection, and interviews with the city and municipal administrators, market administrators, market vendors, and officers of market vendors associations.The study shows that while PPP has improved the performance of public markets during the early years of operation, these gains and all advances were not sustained by the LGUs when management and operation of public markets were turned over to them from the private project proponent-operators. The study argued that in order to sustain public-private partnerships in the operation of the public market, it is imperative to institutionalize reforms in the structure, processes, mindsets of the leaders, and stakeholders. The institutionalization of NPM’s core values can be carried out effectively through localization of PPP as a policy so that the necessary legal and institutional frameworks for PPP will be anchored based on the need, strength, and weaknesses of the LGU concerned.The study makes a positive contribution to the on-going discourse on public sector reform in the Philippines particularly at the local level using PPP as a model. It enriches not only the literature of Public Administration but also provides valuable lessons in the praxis of governance.
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Suli, Zhu. "Understanding the Public Order in the Emerging Market Economy in China." Chinese Economy 32, no. 4 (July 1999): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/ces1097-1475320451.
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Emenike, Kalu Onwukwe, Ugwueze Christian Amu, and Ezeji Emmanuel Chigbu. "Sensitivity of Capital Market Development to Public Debt in Nigeria." Binus Business Review 7, no. 3 (November 30, 2016): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v7i3.1491.
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This article investigated the sensitivity of capital market development to public debt in Nigeria using descriptive statistic, regression analysis, and the Engle-Granger co integration techniques for the period ranging from 1981 to 2014. The estimates from the descriptive analysis showed that both the market capitalization and public debt series were not normally distributed at 5% significance level. The ADF unit root test showed that the market capitalization and public debt series were integrated of order one (i.e., I (1)). The results from the regression model provide evidence to show that capital market development is not sensitive to domestic debt at any conventional level, but it is sensitive to external debt at 10% significance level. The estimates of the Engle-Granger co integration tests show that capital market development is not co integrated with public debt. It is recommended that capital market and debt management authorities should formulate policies will enhance linkage between the markets.
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Boehmer, Ekkehart, Robert Jennings, and Li Wei. "Public Disclosure and Private Decisions: Equity Market Execution Quality and Order Routing." Review of Financial Studies 20, no. 2 (June 30, 2006): 315–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhl011.
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Laulhe Shaelou, S. "Market Freedoms, Fundamental Rights, and the European Public Order: Views from Cyprus*." Yearbook of European Law 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 298–357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/yel/yer017.
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Gunay, Samet, and Kerem Kaşkaloğlu. "Seeking a Chaotic Order in the Cryptocurrency Market." Mathematical and Computational Applications 24, no. 2 (April 4, 2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mca24020036.
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In this study, we investigate the existence of chaos in the global cryptocurrency market. Specifically, we analyze parameters of chaotic order, nonlinearity, sensitivity to the initial conditions, monofractality, and multifractality. For this purpose, we conduct a comprehensive series of tests, including Brock–Dechert–Scheinkman (BDS) test, largest Lyapunov exponent, box-counting, and monogram analysis for fractal dimension, and multiple tests for long-range dependence (Aggregated Variances, Peng, Higuchi, R/S Analysis, and Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MFDFA)). All tests are performed over a variety of major cryptocurrencies: Bitcoin, Litecoin, Ethereum, and Ripple. The empirical results support the existence of chaos in the cryptocurrency market. Accordingly, cryptocurrency returns are not random and follow a chaotic order. Therefore, long term predictions are not possible, contrary to most of the discussions ongoing in the media and the public.
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Plott, Charles R., and Kirill Pogorelskiy. "Call Market Experiments: Efficiency and Price Discovery through Multiple Calls and Emergent Newton Adjustments." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 9, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20150201.
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We study multiple-unit, laboratory experimental call markets in which orders are cleared by a single price at a scheduled “call.” The markets are independent trading “days” with two calls each day preceded by a continuous and public order flow. Markets approach the competitive equilibrium over time. The price formation dynamics operate through the flow of bids and asks configured as the “jaws” of the order book with contract execution featuring elements of an underlying mathematical principle, the Newton-Raphson method for solving systems of equations. Both excess demand and its slope play a systematic role in call market price discovery. (JEL C92, D41, D44, G14)
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Lohmeier, Andrew. "Bürgerliche Gesellschaft and Consumer Interests: The Berlin Public Market Hall Reform, 1867–1891." Business History Review 73, no. 1 (1999): 91–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3116102.
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By building retail and wholesale market halls in the 1880s, the city of Berlin rationalized the distribution of food while maintaining public control of commerce. In designing the market hall system, technological improvement and public orderliness emerged as top priorities, while the interests of consumers and small retail dealers who had relied on the traditional outdoor public markets remained secondary. The emphasis on order reflected the interests of the city's economic and cultural elite, the Bürgertum, who sought to make Berlin fit their image of a world-class city.
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Casillas, Juan. "Mexico: Enrollment Competition, Accreditation, and the Public-Private Market." International Higher Education, no. 71 (March 17, 2015): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2013.71.6091.
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Accreditation is becoming a new battleground for public and private institutions in Mexico. Public and mid-profile private universities design marketing strategies based on the legitimation they get from accrediting agencies in order to lure and enroll students.
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Easley, Richard W., James A. Roberts, Mark G. Dunn, and Charles S. Madden. "Diagnosing Consumer Information Problems: An Investigation of Deception in the Mail-Order Video Camcorder Market." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 11, no. 2 (September 1992): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074391569201100204.
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Changes in the marketing environment of mail-order retailing (e.g., widespread acceptance of credit cards, increased sales of technologically complex high ticket items, and the increasing use of toll-free numbers for inbound calls) have increased sales substantially in this retailing channel. Consequently, opportunities for deception abound. Bloom has provided a model that is useful for diagnosing information problems in consumer markets and suggests potential courses of response action contingent upon form of deception. The authors report an investigation of deception in the mail-order electronics industry and use the Bloom model as a framework for interpreting the results. The findings indicate that, in addition to consumer education about forms of deception in the market, public policy changes are needed to protect many affected publics in addition to consumers.
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Kozár, László, and Lóránt Fodor. "Price Risk Management by Futures Markets and Public Warehousing." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 24 (October 11, 2006): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/24/3226.
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The principal achievement of this paper is the combinative use of two market institutions: public warehousing and commodity exchange and how their joint application is beneficial for the players on the grain market. Based on a theoretical foundation, a calculation model was developed in order to assist short and long-term marketing decisions. It allows all the three participants of the market: producers, consumers and traders, to use this model in order to establish their own business strategy. The model can be used to analyse factors influencing the establishment of price; therefore, it can be also used for policy-making decisions.
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Stanziani, Alessandro. "Hoarding, Speculation, and the Public Order of the Market in France, End of the Eighteenth Century–1914." Law & Social Inquiry 36, no. 03 (2011): 727–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2011.01248.x.
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France regulated competition through the gradual development of jurisprudence rooted in Old Regime practices of speculation and hoarding. This article aims to understand the reasons for this institutional legacy in order to determine if and how these norms could be adapted to the new phenomena of industrial concentration as they appeared at the turn of the nineteenth century.I argue that French regulation of futures trades and speculation are aimed to stabilize and enhance markets and not to limit them, and that continuities in market and capitalism regulation were much more important than usually held.
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NAZAR'YANTS, Artur A. "Refining going-public methods." Finance and Credit 27, no. 4 (April 29, 2021): 934–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fc.27.4.934.
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Subject. The article examines the foreign experience of global trading platforms related to alternative ways of listing company shares on stock exchanges. Objectives. I study the feasibility of adapting other methods of placing shares on Russian stock exchanges in order to develop the national financial market and increase the number of traded shares. Methods. The study is based on general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, comparative and comparative analysis, graphical method of analysis. Results. As a result of the analysis of international experience and innovative methods of listing, it was determined that there are legal obstacles that currently limit the possibility of using new methods of listing shares in the Russian market. At the same time, there is a demand from small and medium-sized businesses, as well as large Russian non-public companies, for simpler and less expensive ways to enter the equity capital market. Conclusions. The emergence of additional ways for companies to enter the stock exchange opens up more diversified and less expensive ways for issuers to place their shares, as well as expands the investor base and the overall attractiveness of the Russian financial market.
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Avbelj, Matej. "Security and the Transformation of the EU Public Order." German Law Journal 14, no. 10 (October 1, 2013): 2057–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002649.
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The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the changing character of the European Union (“EU”) public order under the impact of security concerns. The EU public order has long been characterized by a tension between a more market-oriented, neo-liberal Union and a more socio-political Union. The former would be driven by the EU's four fundamental freedoms, whereas the latter would be achieved and safeguarded through the language and practice of fundamental rights. As other scholarly contributions to the issue have demonstrated, the relationship between fundamental freedoms and fundamental rights is anything but settled. It continues to be subject to many, sometimes potent, legal and political controversies. However, while the EU public order is still in pursuit of the right balance between economic freedoms and socio-political rights, it also has to reckon with another fundamental value: The value of security.
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Sally, Razeen. "The Social Market and Liberal Order: Theory and Policy Implications." Government and Opposition 29, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 461–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1994.tb01237.x.
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During the Early 1990s the Term Social Market economy has been used rather loosely; this is not surprising since the theory is derived from a specifically German tradition of political economy with little or no resonance outside the Germanspeaking area. The leading thinkers in the genre are hardly known in English-speaking circles and most of their works remain untranslated.The fundamental purpose of this article is to present this rich and diverse strand of thought to a non-German audience barely aware of its existence, to point out possibilities for developing the international aspects of such a theory, and to highlight policy issues concerning the post-cold war European and international orders which can be addressed from social market perspectives.
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Han, Ahreum, and Keon-Hyung Lee. "The Impact of Public Reporting Schemes and Market Competition on Hospital Efficiency." Healthcare 9, no. 8 (August 11, 2021): 1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9081031.
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In the wake of growing attempts to assess the validity of public reporting, much research has examined the effectiveness of public reporting regarding cost or quality of care. However, relatively little is known about whether transparency through public reporting significantly influences hospital efficiency despite its emerging expectations for providing value-based care. This study aims to identify the dynamics that transparency brought to the healthcare market regarding hospital technical efficiency, taking the role of competition into account. We compare the two public reporting schemes, All-Payer Claims Database (APCD) and Hospital Compare. Employing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and a cross-sectional time-series Tobit regression analysis, we found that APCD is negatively associated with hospital technical efficiency, while hospitals facing less competition responded significantly to increasingly transparent information by enhancing their efficiency relative to hospitals in more competitive markets. We recommend that policymakers take market mechanisms into consideration jointly with the introduction of public reporting schemes in order to produce the best outcomes in healthcare.
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Konowalczuk, Jan. "The Corporate Real Estate Market in Public Statistics in Poland." Real Estate Management and Valuation 22, no. 2 (July 8, 2014): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/remav-2014-0016.
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Abstract This paper presents theoretical considerations regarding the needs and criteria of creating ownership divisions of real estate markets for the purpose of public surveys and research. The scope of necessary changes to the collection of information in public registers and institutional conditions is indicated, as a necessary aspect towards enabling separate studies for corporate real estate to be conducted. Study results comparing the basic parameters of the real estate market in the Silesian voivodeship (Silesia province) in 2004-2012, as per the Central Statistical Office (CSO) annual reports, are also presented, as are the results of an analysis of data collected from a database of appraisers and valuers. The market parameters adopted for comparison have in both cases been developed based on the same source data obtained from public documents of the Registers of Real Estate Prices and Values (RREPV). The article presents the detailed results of own research on the real estate market in the Silesian voivodeship for 2012, with regards to the amount of real estate, the transaction values, the area of properties, and selected averages with regards to property type in line with those used in CSO studies. Also included is an assessment of the completeness of the market data presented by the CSO, taking into account the selected types of real estate. This paper also indicates the results of a pilot survey study of office workers of the RREPV in poviat (district) council offices. The comparison of the regional real estate market forms a basis for the critical evaluation of the categories of real estate used in official statistics and selected forms of real estate turnover. Proposals regarding the needs and conditions that must be met in order to enable research on the corporate real estate market have also been formulated.
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Rodriguez Castro, Paula Isabel, Emiliano Ruiz Barbadillo, and Estíbaliz Biedma López. "Market power and audit market collusion: the Spanish case." Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración 30, no. 3 (August 7, 2017): 344–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arla-11-2015-0307.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse whether the major international audit firms reach collusive agreements in Spain, in order to exercise market power and impose higher prices than those of competitors. According to the traditional theory of oligopoly, the ability to achieve these agreements is dependent primarily on the high level of market concentration, so that multiple studies have analysed the relationship between concentration and prices. However, the concentration has serious limitations to infer collusion and therefore the exercise of market power (Dedman and Lennox, 2009). Design/methodology/approach Based on an alternative current of the theory of industrial organisation, the authors use measures of industrial mobility as a measure of collusion or rivalry of firms in oligopolistic markets. Findings The results reveal that international audit firms do not reach collusive agreements to limit competition between them. Social implications According to the empirical evidence obtained, the measures taken by the regulatory bodies to avoid market concentration would not be necessary or efficient and they would have significant costs for the audit market (GAO, 2003, 2008; FRC, 2009; European Commission, 2010; Competition Commission, 2013). Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to introduce mobility measures to explain market collusion and the exercise of market power in the audit market.
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Aslan, M. Hanifi, and Filiz Golpek. "Public Intervention and Open Market System in Health Services." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 9, no. 2 (April 30, 2014): 1585–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijmit.v9i2.2797.
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In many economies, a significant proportion of service production is organized within market system. In the market system, the units in this organization base their economic activities on profit and benefit maximization. However, in most parts of service sector, pure competition conditions may not be valid. Health services are different from the goods which are produced and distributed by the open market. While some activities which are within the scope of health services are close to the definition of public, most of them have the characteristics of semipublic goods and services. Considering the importance which the mentioned services have regarding the society with their social benefits and the social costs which they will cause unless they are produced sufficiently, it could be argued that besides the open market, the public should also produce these services. The aim of this study is to present the insufficiency of market system in producing health services and analyze the intervention methods of public in order to compensate the insufficiency.
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Gavriluță, Nicu. "The Labor Market, Employability and Entrepreneurship in the Romanian Public Sector." Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, no. 61 E (October 28, 2020): 46–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/tras.61e.3.
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The issue of employability and the development of entrepreneurship presents a real challenge, given that today’s labor market is highly dynamic. Projections made for the next twenty years indicate important changes. The present study capitalizes on a research carried out in the Romanian academic environment, within three universities. The sample included students and employers from the public sphere. Our research reveals that the services available in three Romanian universities are developing in two main directions: one concerns working with students and developing their skills to become attractive on the labor market. Another direction is one that mediates between the academic world and the business environment. The results obtained through our research capture the policies and services of higher education in order to better train students and increase their employment opportunities. The options and expectations of students regarding the insertion on the labor market are contrasted to those of employers. This is the only way we can think of functional and flexible models for educating future employees in order to be able to face the new challenges of the labor market.
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Utami, Septiana Putri. "Harmonization of traditional market competition arrangement with modern." Indonesian Journal of Islamic Economics Research 1, no. 2 (November 27, 2019): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/ijier.v1i2.3174.
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This study aims to determine the regulation of traditional market competition arrangements with modern stores in Sukoharjo district; implementing regulations related to the traditional market competition arrangements with modern stores in Sukoharjo district; creating harmonization of traditional market arrangements with modern stores in Sukoharjo district. This study used a method of sociological jurudical approach with the study population of 26 traditional markets in Sukoharjo district. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling using 3 traditional markets with sub-populations adjacent to modern stores.The results of this study are traditional market competition arrangements and modern stores in Sukoharjo district regulated in Local Regulation (Perda) No. 17 year 2017 about structuring and coaching public markets, shopping centers and convenience stores; there are violations in the implementation of regulations carried out by modern store entrepreneurs in term of manipulation of grocery store licenses operating with the concept of a modern store; in order to create harmonization of traditional market arrangements and modern stores, it requires preventive and repressive actions.
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Milutinovic, Irina. "Problems of media ownership in Serbia." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 157-158 (2016): 475–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1658475m.
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Different implications of media ownership on democratic capacity of Serbian society in the beginning of the new millennium are analyzed in the paper. The frame of the research is democratic and market model of media policy which was established after political changes in Serbia in 2000. The aim of the paper is to identify the main problems of media ownership in Serbia in the process of adjustment to the European media policy. In order to understand the genesis of marked problems, they are observed in the context of current trends on wider - global - media market. It can be concluded that democratic and market model of media system does not guarantee the conditions for democratic public discussion and satisfaction of public interest.
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Chambers, David. "Going public in interwar Britain." Financial History Review 17, no. 1 (February 17, 2010): 51–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565009990163.
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Utilising a new sample of interwar initial public offerings (IPOs), I consider the effectiveness of the interwar stock market for firms going public. Consistent with the pecking order theory, IPO proceeds contributed only modestly to domestic industry's capital expenditure needs. IPOs of capital-hungry new manufacturing industries raised no more finance than did the rest of manufacturing. This was in part attributable to the detrimental effect of weak financial regulation on investor appetite for newer, riskier enterprises. In terms of the quality of firms allowed onto the market, IPO survival rates of the early and late 1920s were shockingly low, just as earlier research has shown. However, survival rates rebounded strongly in the following decade due not only to the economic recovery but also to tougher scrutiny of listing applications by the London Stock Exchange.
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Yang, Zewei. "China’s Role in the Transition to a New International Energy Order." Groningen Journal of International Law 2, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/5a86a7f890cb0.
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With the shift of energy production centres and oil consumption markets the international energy order has been changing, indicating four trends: the Arctic region and the international seabed area will become new energy sources; the exploitation of unconventional energy sources - a new focus; and the rulemaking right in the energy market - a new battlefield. Contemporary international law promotes, regulates, and safeguards the transition to a new international energy order, in which China should make efforts to shift its role from a passive recipient to an active innovator of international energy rules; from an onlooker to an active participant in international energy affairs; and from a receiver to a contributor of international energy public goods.
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Szabolcs Németh. "Innovation activity of the agricultural enterprises in the North great Plain region." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 49 (November 13, 2012): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/49/2533.
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Economic changes have significantly accelarated in the 21th century. In this turbulent market environment enterprises are forced to adapt continously as they must be flexible in order to meet changing market needs. To achieve flexibility companies require innovation. The economic relevance of innovations is significant in every market sector and agriculture is no exception. Re-dynamizing agricultural nnovations is a possibility for the outburst of the Hungarian agriculture. Agricultural enterprises have to face competitors as well and they should give priority to efficiency, sustainability and competitiveness in order to preserve their position in BOTH global and domestic markets. This study examines the innovation potential of the agricultural enterprises in the North Great Plain region based on public databases and case studies.
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Shimizu, Yoshiki, and Hideki Takei. "Exploring the Existence of Short-run Initial Public Offering (IPO) Underpricing at Three Different Stock Exchange Markets in Japan." Business and Economic Research 8, no. 1 (March 8, 2018): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v8i1.10125.
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This study conducted the examination of the short-run performance of IPO stocks in the Japanese market by measuring daily AAR/CAAR of sample IPO stocks.. The study did so, in order to detect the positive initial abnormal return of sample IPO stocks as well as the short-run IPO underpricing that was observed by Ibbotson (1975) and McDonald and Fisher (1972) in the US market, and Chang (2011) in the Taiwanese market. The finding was that unlike findings in prior research, this study did not discover the positive initial abnormal returns for sample IPO firms in the Japanese market on the event day with statistical significance. Thereby, the short-run IPO underpricing did not occur in the Japanese market and it is inferred that offer prices of IPOs in the Japanese market are priced rationally, reflecting all available pieces of information at the time of offering. The implication of this finding for Efficient Market Hypothesis is that in the short-run, market efficiency holds well for the Japanese market. Findings from the examination on short-run performance of IPO stocks in the Japanese market has enabled this study to answer the research question: Does short-run IPO underpricing exist at stock exchange markets in Japan? The answer is, the short-run IPO underpricing did not exist.
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Burnside, Craig, Martin Eichenbaum, and Sergio Rebelo. "Understanding the Forward Premium Puzzle: A Microstructure Approach." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 127–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.1.2.127.
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High interest rate currencies tend to appreciate relative to low interest rate currencies. We argue that adverse selection problems between participants in foreign exchange markets can account for this “forward premium puzzle.” The key feature of our model is that the adverse selection problem facing market makers is worse when an agent wants to trade against a public information signal. So, when based on public information, the currency is expected to appreciate, there is more adverse selection associated with a sell order than with a buy order. (JEL E43, F31, G15)
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Soudek, Jan, and Jiří Skuhrovec. "Procurement procedure, competition and final unit price: The case of commodities." Journal of Public Procurement 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jopp-16-01-2016-b001.
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We show how institutional and procedural characteristics affect the final price in public procurement. In order to obtain comparable unit prices, our analysis examined public procurement of homogeneous goods only. We examined two Czech commodity markets: electricity and natural gas, which enabled us to use a private market price as a benchmark metric. The regression analysis is based on the standard ordinary least squares method. On a dataset of 277 tenders, we found that the final unit price of the procurement is sensitive to movements in both commodity market price and price estimated ex ante by the procurer. Moreover, we identified that the final price is reduced when the procurer uses an open procedure, an electronic auction, or attracts more competitors.
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Bode, Ingo. "Social care going market." Journal of Comparative Social Work 5, no. 1 (April 1, 2010): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/jcsw.v5i1.52.
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Over the last two decades or so, major Western societies have remoulded the institutional set-up by which they are deailing with social risks related to frailty during old age. While the 20th century had brought a transnational tendency towards the establishment of elderly care ‘going public’, the proliferation of more market-based services brings confusion into the societal norm-set underlying the aforementioned tendency. Marketisation has placed the emphasis on economic values engrained in liberal worldviews, leading into a new welfare culture that devaluates universalism and reemphasises the sovereignty of the individual. However, the new cult of the individual produces contradictory signals. Drawing on an encompassing study on the ‘culture of welfare markets’ in elderly care provision, covering two (post-)liberal and two (post-corporatist) welfare regimes (Canada, Britain; France, Germany), the paper looks at these fuzzy developments in order to assess the cultural embeddedness of what can be referred to as the mixed economy of elderly care. The analysis, charting major patterns of both institutional change and public communication around it, elucidates that we currently are facing a permanent struggle between liberal values and (renewed) elements of the ‘going-public-agenda’ proliferating over the 1970s and 1980s, that is, a hybrid and ‘nervous’ cultural configuration in which senior social citizenship remains an issue, albeit on precarious foundations.
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Panfil, Michael, and Rama Zakaria. "Uncovering Wholesale Electricity Market Principles." Michigan Journal of Environmental & Administrative Law, no. 9.1 (2020): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.36640/mjeal.9.1.uncovering.
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This paper examines, enunciates, and makes explicit a set of market principles historically relied upon by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to regulate wholesale electricity markets as required under the Federal Power Act (FPA). These identified competitive market principles are supported by policy and legal foundations that run through a myriad of FERC orders and court decisions. This paper seeks to make that history and those implicit market principles explicit by distilling and organizing Commission Orders and court decisions. It concludes that five market principles, each with multiple subprinciples, can be identified as elemental to how FERC understands and implements its statutory authority. Clear articulation of these foundational principles should help guide engaged entities as wholesale power markets continue to evolve. Market Principle 1 states that wholesale market revenues should predominantly flow from well-designed energy and ancillary services markets. Market structures generally are found to be preferable to non-market structures. Moreover, energy and ancillary services markets, in relationship to wholesale capacity markets, are better able to efficiently promote a least-cost resource. Market Principle 2 states that when altering market design, FERC and Independent System Operators (ISOs) should focus on only those services that are clearly needed, and ensure that any market design change does not unduly discriminate between resources. Market design changes focused on technology-neutral and well-defined granular services will help ensure that the design change does not lead to undue discrimination or preference that effectively favors certain resources. When such an impact still occurs, strong evidence showing that the rules are not unreasonable and arbitrary and that no non-unduly discriminatory and preferential alternative exists must support the change. Market Principle 3 states that interventions that distort transparent and accurate pricing should be minimized. Out-of-market interventions, in particular, have the potential to distort price signals and undermine competition. Market Principle 4 states that FERC’s just and reasonable standard strongly favors rate decreasing outcomes. Markets are premised on the economic presumption that competition reduces prices, in furtherance of the just and reasonable standard. Market Principle 5 states that FERC and ISOs should facilitate and not undermine state public policy preferences. FERC and ISOs are not well-situated to serve as decision-makers in determining which state public policy preferences should be given effect. State public policy preferences that do not run afoul of FERC’s authority under the FPA should thus be given full effect.
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MIKE, KÁROLY. "The intellectual orders of a market economy." Journal of Institutional Economics 13, no. 4 (February 8, 2017): 899–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137417000029.
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AbstractNot only do ideas matter in economic development but so do the institutions of intellectual debates in which ideas are formed. Scholars usually point to intellectual debates whose institutions are largely exogenous to the economy (e.g. those of religion or science). I suggest that economists should also consider intellectual debates that are initiated by economic actors. I set out to understand the role of intellectual debate in the economy and, drawing on Polanyi's concept of ‘intellectual order’, the institutions that emerge endogenously to support it. Professional communities and public intellectual spheres are shown as the most important examples. Three historical cases are given as illustrations. I conclude that these intellectual orders should be included among the fundamental ‘institutions of capitalism’, along with the catallactic institutions of property and contract.
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Fleming, Michael J., and Giang Nguyen. "Price and Size Discovery in Financial Markets: Evidence from the U.S. Treasury Securities Market." Review of Asset Pricing Studies 9, no. 2 (October 4, 2018): 256–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rapstu/ray008.
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Abstract We study the workup protocol, an important size discovery mechanism in the U.S. Treasury market. We find that workup order flow shocks explain 6%–8% of the variation of returns on benchmark notes and, across maturities, 10% of the variation of the yield curve level factor. Information related to proprietary client order flow is more likely to show up in workup trades, whereas information derived from public announcements tends to come through preworkup trades. Our findings highlight how the nature of information affects the trade-off between speed and execution price when informed traders choose between the lit and workup channels. Received May 3, 2017; Editorial decision August 1, 2018 by Editor Thierry Foucault. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online. Internet Appendix tables are numbered with “IA” prefix.
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Karlsson, Tom. "Public administration in transition." Journal of Language and Politics 18, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 107–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.17070.kar.
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Abstract This article focuses on how common-sense knowledge is enacted by middle managers in order to make sense of contemporary public administration. Specifically, the article demonstrates how managerialization and market logics is embedded in actors’ perceptions of public administration and becomes manifested through understandings and legitimations. The article presents an analysis of conversational data from middle management positions within a Swedish government agency. The analysis demonstrates how actors categorize a traditional hierarchy together with contemporary ideas of consumerism. It is also demonstrated how actors draw on legitimations of authority and mythopoesis in order to make sense of and to understand their managerial role within the agency. As such, the article contributes to contemporary public administration literature and its discussion regarding the effects of embedding marketization logics on actor and organizational levels as well as to ethnomethodologically informed literature within the social science and humanities.
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Ledesma, Edna, Arden He, Phillip Warsaw, Lauren Suerth, Alfonso Morales, Leah Rosenblum, and Brian Wiedenfeld. "Citizen Scientist: Farm 2 Facts Supporting Farmers Markets." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 30, 2021): 6162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116162.
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As multifunctional loci of local food economies and public activity, farmers markets impart diverse impacts on their surrounding communities. In response to the emerging scholarship on farmers markets, as well as the desires of market managers to buttress their decision-making with cogent data analysis, the Farm 2 Facts data collection toolkit was created by the University of Wisconsin-Madison to measure the economic, social, and ecological impacts of farmers markets. We document here the history of Farm 2 Facts. Through case studies of F2F members, we describe the ways in which individual markets, market organizations, and local governments use farmers markets as a means of achieving differing goals, as well as how Farm 2 Facts necessarily adapted to measure and support these goals. We argue that Farm 2 Facts is in a tight reciprocal relationship with market managers who become citizen scientists in order to support their managerial role and communicate the benefits of their markets. Given that market policy change is often the impetus for collecting data, empathy for the goals of market managers is inseparable from Farm 2 Facts. We find that a sensitivity to the dynamic needs of markets, an adaptive toolkit, and incorporating ongoing research into the toolkit are essential to supporting farmers market managers in their many duties.
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Guarini, Maria Rosaria, Fabrizio Battisti, and Claudia Buccarini. "Rome: Re-Qualification Program for the Street Markets in Public-Private Partnership. A Further Proposal for the Flaminio II Street Market." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 2928–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.2928.
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In 2009 the Municipality of Rome (MR) started a re-qualification program for the street markets through the use of public-private partnership (PPP). This program concerns strategic areas and buildings within the city of Rome, including the Flaminio II street market located in Via Guido Reni in the Flaminio district. In summary, this paper intends to: i) examine the Flaminio II market pre-feasibility project elaborated by MR; ii) with reference to the PPP regulatory framework, show a further proposal to be compared with the proposal by MR. This further proposal represents the first alternative solution, drawn up in order to guarantee that following PPPs concerning street markets are approved by MR; it will be implemented in a concerted way, which will take into account the actual needs of the local stakeholders.
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Ramu, G., and V. Anbalagan. "SERVICE QUALITY OF PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS - A STUDY." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 7 (July 31, 2017): 639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i7.2017.2173.
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The banking scenario in India is of a highly developed nature, even though it is still far from achieving world standards in terms of size, products and services. Indian banks have realized that along with organic growth there is a need to grow inorganically as well, in order to be competitive with other players in the market. In this scenario, banking has been the focus of attention for the banking industry. Gronross, a service marketing expert, proposed that a service firm, in order to simultaneously attain success, must develop its service quality. Firstly, it must define how the consumers perceive service quality and secondly, determine in what way service quality is influenced. Consumers all over the world have become more quality conscious; hence there has been an increased customer demand for higher quality service. Service operations worldwide are affected by this new wave of quality awareness and emphasis. Therefore service-based companies like the banks are compelled to provide excellent services to their customers in order to have sustainable competitive advantage, especially in the current trend. This study identifies quality dimensions significant to enable the banks to develop the strategies improving the quality of service delivery. It is found through the present study that the public sector banks in Karur district are losing market share to private and foreign banks. To survive in this competitive scenario all public sector banks are forced to introduce innovative services, schemes in order to retain existing customers and attract new customers.
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MOSSE, DAVID. "The Modernity of Caste and the Market Economy." Modern Asian Studies 54, no. 4 (October 30, 2019): 1225–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x19000039.
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AbstractWhat place does the caste system have in modern India with its globally integrating market economy? The most influential anthropological approaches to caste have tended to emphasize caste as India's traditional religious and ritual order, or (treating such order as a product of the colonial encounter) as shaped politically, especially today by the dynamics of caste-based electoral politics. Less attention has been paid to caste effects in the economy. This article argues that the scholarly framing of caste mirrors a public-policy ‘enclosure’ of caste in the non-modern realm of religion and ‘caste politics’, while aligning modernity to the caste-erasing market economy. Village-level fieldwork in South India finds a parallel public narrative of caste either as ritual rank eroded by market relations or as identity politics deflected from everyday economic life. But, locally and nationally, the effects of caste are found to be pervasive in labour markets and the business economy. In the age of the market, caste is a resource, sometimes in the form of a network, its opportunity-hoarding advantages discriminating against others. Dalits are not discriminated by caste as a set of relations separate from economy, but by the very economic and market processes through which they often seek liberation. The caste processes, enclosures, and evasions in post-liberalization India suggest the need to rethink the modernity of caste beyond orientalist and post-colonial frameworks, and consider the presuppositions that shape understanding of an institution, the nature and experience of which are determined by the inequalities and subject positions it produces.
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Maryam, Neneng Siti, Heru Nurasa, Muhammad Benny Alexandri, and Yogi Suprayogi Sugandi. "Designing a food supply chain network under public-private community partnership on traditional Indonesia markets." Uncertain Supply Chain Management 9, no. 4 (2021): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2021.8.005.
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This study examines the effect of the performance of traders in the partnership relationship between the government, the private sector, and the community which is very necessary to build a food supply chain network in order to provide stimulation for the supporting factors and reduce the inhibiting factors for the success of the merchant's business, increase profits, and maintain food availability in traditional markets. This research was conducted at Andir Market, Bandung City, Indonesia. The research sample consisted of 100 Andir market traders. The research method used was a quantitative method with survey research that uses a questionnaire as the main instrument in data collection. The results of the analysis and discussion of the researchers have identified factors that can be used to strengthen the food supply chain network in the Public-Private-Community Partnership in traditional markets, namely management, empowerment, physical market conditions, and competitive strategies. Simultaneously, the four traders' performance factors have a significant effect on the food supply chain network with an R-square value of 0.658 (65.8%) with tcount greater than 1.96 or (3.817> 1.96). This means that if the changes that occur are good in the performance of traders, the food supply chain network in traditional markets will also be good, while the remaining 0.342 (34.2%) is explained by factors other than these variables. The expected implication is that the success of the supply chain network that is built due to strong interactions within the Public-Private-Community Partnership and other supply chain actors is able to face challenges during and after the pandemic. So that the quality of traditional market products, especially products that are quickly damaged or rotten, can be superior and well guaranteed for the food needs of people throughout Indonesia.
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Stojić, Gordan, Dušan Mladenović, Olegas Prentkovskis, and Slavko Vesković. "A Novel Model for Determining Public Service Compensation in Integrated Public Transport Systems." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (August 21, 2018): 2969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10092969.
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In free market conditions, if public passenger transport services are commercially unprofitable, there will be no interest for transport companies to perform them. However, directly because of the citizens’ interests, on the one hand, and indirectly because of the economy, passenger public transport services have become of a general public interest. The authorities must prepare appropriate legal fair market conditions, based on which public transport will be subsidized and conducted. In order to achieve that, for the mutual benefit of the public, users and transport companies, it is necessary that the right Public Service Obligation Model (PSO model or in some literature PCS—Public Service Compensation) be defined. Within this study, the optimal approach to assigning a PSC contract to transport companies for performing the PSO in integrated and regular public passenger transport systems is determined. A novel model, presented in this paper, can help national, regional and local authorities to choose and determine the way and level of PSCs for conducting the public transport of passengers and establishing a sustainable public passenger transport system.
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White, Fred C. "Integration of Agriculture and Technological Change." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 24, no. 1 (April 1995): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106828050000366x.
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Market structure has implications for research policies. The public sector reduced its support for technological change for poultry relative to beef and pork after poultry became integrated. However, market integration causes private sector research to be below the optimal level from society's perspective. In order to get the appropriate response from the private sector, the public sector should not reduce its support for technological change after market integration. Instead, the public sector should increase its support for research such as basic science that complements private sector research.
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Han, Liyan, Hui Mou, Duo Xie, and Zhi’an Chen. "“Pecking order” of Chinese capital market: Effects of convertible bonds’ issue announcements." Frontiers of Business Research in China 1, no. 2 (May 2007): 254–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11782-007-0015-y.
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Kerber, Wolfgang. "Institutional Change in Globalization: Transnational Commercial Law from an Evolutionary Economics Perspective." German Law Journal 9, no. 4 (April 1, 2008): 411–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200006519.
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Markets need a complex set of institutions in order to work properly. Within a state, the national legal order with its legal rules, courts, and enforcement agencies have the task of fulfilling this role. Besides safeguarding property rights, the national legal order encompasses (1) the facilitating of market transactions by offering enabling (facilitative) law (as legal standard solutions) and helping private parties to enforce contracts within the domain of freedom of contract, and (2) the regulation of market transactions for solving or mitigating market failures problems and achieving other policy objectives. A comparable consistent legal system is missing on the international level for ensuring the working of global markets and the governance of cross-border transactions. However, the dynamic process of globalization has brought about the development of a number of new institutional solutions for solving these problems. The most prominent issue is the regulation of international markets (“global governance”). This article, however, will focus on the evolution of institutions for the enforcement of contracts for cross-border transactions between firms. Although there have always been institutional solutions for the governance of cross-border contracts (lex mercatoria), in recent years, a number of new governance solutions for the enforcement of cross-border transactions have emerged (“transnational commercial law”). The increasing use of choice of law, private governance instead of private law (provided by states), and private arbitration instead of public courts are the most important characteristics of this development. This also includes hybrids as new combinations between private and public solutions for the governance of cross-border contracts. Therefore, the process of globalization is accompanied and enabled by a complex process of institutional evolution.
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Vaicekauskas, Darius. "Analysis and evaluation of Lithuanian public interest companies audit market." Buhalterinės apskaitos teorija ir praktika, no. 15A (July 9, 2014): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/batp.2014.15a.2.
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The article investigates audit companies‘ specialization among the public interest companies of Lithuania. Prior literature explores various advantages of industry auditors – auditors who specialize in particular industries while enhancing the main part of clients in the industry branch. Industry auditors reach higher level of audit quality, while making more effective planning decisions, assessing more effectively client‘s business risk, as well as the risk of material misstatement, complying at highest rate with auditing standards.
154 public interests companies of Lithuania were analysed in order to assess whether the is a trend of auditors‘ specialization in a market of public interest companies in Lithuania. Results of the research imply auditors tending to specialize themselves in mainly all branches of industries, reaching highest rate of clients in particular industry of pension funds, investment funds and credit institutions. The results also disclose some evidence of industry auditors keeping their audit prices at higher level than their competitors, as well as their reputation being quite stable reaching more adds than losses. Issues concerning industry expertise auditors‘ quality significantly affects auditors‘ reputation. The results of the research taken support conclusions of vast body of prior researches on auditors‘ specialization implying that particular industry auditors may achieve and enhance higher level of audit quality.
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Waszkiewicz, Grzegorz. "Znaczenie sektora bankowego w finansowaniu polskiego zadłużenia publicznego wobec zmian na europejskich rynkach finansowych." Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace, no. 4 (December 5, 2012): 235–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/kkessip.2012.4.10.
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The aim of this article is to present the problem of rising amount of public debt, which forces general governments to issue treasury bills and bonds on debt market in order to cover huge expenditures. This process enables balancing budget, however, it requires a wide base of investors (banks, non-banking institution and individuals) willing to create demand for public papers. Actions of debt investors are correlated with business cycle what was clearly shown by the last crisis. For this reason, it seems vital to determine present (2006–2010) and future volume of banks’ demand, especially in the aftermath of implementing new regulations (Basel III). First part of this work described correlation between economic cycle and investors’ interest in debt service market in the context of Ministry of Finance recommendations. Second part presents mechanisms used to estimate and control risks on European financial markets. What is additionally interesting and complicated is the fact that some of new regulations can have effect on behavior of banks on debt market and their interest in public papers.
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Maksimov, S. V., and E. V. Osipova. "Dualism of the public procurement market of scientific results and prospects of its regulation." Russian competition law and economy, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32686/2542-0259-2019-2-36-43.
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The article deals with the concept of scientific results, the market of public procurement of scientific results. The dualism of the public procurement market of scientific results is manifested not only in the duality of the subject of procurement (research work and the actual scientific result), but also in the duality of the markets of scientific results themselves (the market of the actual scientific results and market access to the right to conclude a state contract for the implementation of research).It is noted that at present, scientists (not having the status of an individual entrepreneur), individual scientists and their teams that have not acquired the form of a legal entity (including temporary research teams) are not full participants in the market of public procurement of scientific results.It is proposed to abandon the preferential approach to public procurement of access to research results provided by specialized operators of international scientific citation indexes Web of Science and Scopus in order to develop the Russian segment of the global market for scientific products.The authors also propose to create a single network of national databases on the results and effectiveness of scientific research on the basis of a specialized state scientific institution (for example, the ISS RAS) and provide state participation in the development of the national operator of the Russian Science Citation Index based on the requirements of or exceeding the requirements of Web of Science and Scopus to scientific publications.In parallel with the solution of this task, it is proposed to abandon the practice of establishing legal acts of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and of the Russia, decisions of the Higher Attestation Commission, heads of universities and research institutions of the duties of researchers, teachers and applicants of scientific degrees and academic titles to publish the results of scientific research in foreign scientific journals owned by foreign economic entities and citizens, which objectively contribute to strengthening the dominant position of foreign companies - the leader in the market access to research results.
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Tchereni, Betchani, and Songezo Mpini. "Monetary policy shocks and stock market volatility in emerging markets." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 10, no. 3 (2020): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv10i3p4.
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This paper examines the effect of monetary policy decisions on stock markets in emerging economies particularly South Africa for the period 2000Q1 to 2016Q4. This is important as the monetary authorities would understand how their decisions may cause reactions to the stock market. Monetary policy directly shocks money supply and repo rate and indirectly GDP and inflation among many macroeconomic variables. A hypothesis that stock markets do not respond to monetary policy determinations is formulated and tested using a two-stage approach by employing first the vector error correction model to determine the long-run relationship of the variables and secondly GARCH (1, 2) model to determine the volatility. And the results suggest that about 5.2% variations in the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) volatility are due to monetary policy shocks. Overall, there is a negative relationship between M2 and stock market volatility. However, there is a positive link between repo rate and JSE volatility, which is not economically preferable because variations in repo rate influence the aggregate demand of investment on securities. The study recommends that the Monetary Policy Committee an expansionary monetary policy of keeping the repo rate lower must be pursued in order to increase borrowing that makes the public to have money to make transactions in securities on the financial market.
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AL-EMYAN, MOZFI M., ZIAD S. ABU-HAMATTEH, and FAROOQ A. AL-AZZAM. "Jordanian Employment in the Aqaba Labor Market." International Journal of Middle East Studies 39, no. 4 (October 30, 2007): 525–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743807071024.
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This table shows the employment of Jordanians across industrial, educational, and occupational groups as a percentage of total employment in 2003. Note that the three major industries (in order) are public administration/social services; trade, including hotels and restaurants; and manufacturing. Almost 50 percent of Jordanian workers had less than a secondary education, and almost 50 percent of all employees fell into three occupational groups: service, shop, and market sales; craft and related trades; and elementary occupations.