Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Market-pull'

Detta examensarbete handlar om utvecklingen av kylare med inriktning på nyutveckling. Det relevanta behovet av patent för kylare, att undersöka vad kunden behöver vid sida av hur integration ska ske samt kombinationen av market pull och technology push är de fyra huvudområden som behandlas i studien. Bortsett från inkrementella förbättringar, har mycket lite utveckling gjorts inom kylare på senare tid, vilket återspeglas i några nämnvärda förändringar. Dessutom har lite tidigare arbete utförts på utvecklingen av kylare, vilket förklarar varför en utforskande metod har använts. Kvalitativa data har samlats in från åtta olika kunder med målet att fastställa behoven och de huvudsakliga tendenserna på marknaden, en studie användes som ett exempel för att stödja de olika resonemangen. En grundlig litteraturstudie och analys av marknaden har genomförts för att bättre förstå syftet för utveckling av kylare. Patent har visat sig vara relevanta för kylare, eftersom patenterade inkrementella innovationer ger produktdifferentiering i en starkt konkurrensutsatt marknad. Däremot kan kostnaderna bli ett problem för genomförandet. Faktumet att kunderna vill kylare med ett lägre pris och en förbättrad kylkapacitet är den viktigaste slutsatsen av de utförda intervjuerna. Komplexiteten i strukturen som förbinder företaget och dess kunder, och det faktum att marknaden inte är helt medveten om sina behov resulterar i en obetydlig marknadshänsyn inom utvecklingsprocessen. Bristen på marknadsintegration tillsammans med insikten att avsaknaden av grundlig nyutveckling kan försämra utvecklingen av kylare vilket har lett till en ny ram av utveckling. Baserat på integrationen av marknadens pull and technology push, är målet att utveckla mer nyutveklade kylare.
Air-oil coolers are hydraulic products whose purpose is to cool down the temperature of oil in a hydraulic system. This thesis project deals with their development with an emphasis on innovation. Apart from incremental improvements, very little innovation has been developed for coolers in recent times, which is reflected in few notable changes. Additionally, very little previous work has been conducted on the development of coolers, which explains why an explorative method was implemented. Qualitative data was collected from eight different customers with the purpose of determining the needs and the main tendencies, and a case study was used as an example to support the various reasonings. A thorough literature review and the market analysis have been carried out to better understand the context in which coolers are developed. The relevance of patents for coolers, the uncovering of the customer needs along with their integration as well as the combination of market pull and technology push concepts have been addressed. Thus, patents are proven to be relevant for coolers, because the patented innovations provide product differentiation in the highly competitive environment. However, their low added value can be an impediment to their exploitation. The fact that customers want coolers with a lower price and an improved cooling capacity is the major finding of the performed interviews. The complexity of the structure connecting the company and its customers, and the fact that the market is not completely aware of its needs, result in market considerations insubstantially integrated in the development process. Finally, the deficiency of market integration, in addition to the lack of radical innovation led to a suggested framework. Based on the integration of market pull and technology push approaches, it pursues the objective of fostering innovation in the development of coolers.

Magister Economicae - MEcon
A possible effect of quantitative easing (QE) undertaken by the United States of America (USA) Federal Reserve Bank (Fed) may have been an increase in capital flowing into emerging market economies (EMEs). The 2008 global financial crisis created an environment in which traditional monetary policies – cutting policy rates – became ineffective in stimulating growth. Faced with this policy environment, several high-income countries including the USA resorted to unconventional monetary policies notably QE, to grow their economies. While QE was effective in lowering interest rates in high-income countries, some argued that investors switched to higher yielding assets, mostly EME assets. Therefore, QE is perceived to have increased capital flows into EMEs. Using a dynamic panel data model with fixed effects this mini-thesis investigates empirically whether QE worked through unobservable channels to increase gross private capital inflows to Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) in the period 2000-2015. The study finds evidence in support of the view that QE increased capital inflows to EMEs. The results reveal that gross private capital inflows to the BRICS increased during the QE intervention period and that the increase was higher in the first period of QE than in subsequent QE periods. The empirical results also reveal differences in the way types of capital flows responded to QE; portfolio flows, and in particular equity flows were the most responsive to QE.
2018-12-14

Abstract: Title: An It consulting company and its relationship with customers Level: C-examination Bachelor’s degree in innovation, design and technology. IDT, 15hp. VT 17th Authors: Jonatan Clemens & Staffan Hjalmarsson Handler: Anette Strömberg Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate how a major company meets the users and their needs as well as where and how the interaction with the user is done. Suggestions for areas of change are proposed in connection with the completion of the study. Research questions: -How does a consulting firm work with customers/users? -Are their work methods similar to what is described as successful in research on customer involvement? -Can work processes be improved? Method: The authors have used the qualitative method that has been developed as oral semi-structured interviews. The study is based much on hermeneutic form which means that one summarizes his own interpretations to get a deeper understanding. Conclusion: A conjunction and analysis of theoretical areas dealt with and empirical information led to the conclusion that there are indications that the company largely do not work according to established research the paper deals with. Assignment purpose: The essay should mainly have contributed to a deeper understanding on the subject of customer relations and should contribute beneficial information for a consulting firm regarding their client work.
Sammanfattning: Titel: Ett IT-konsultföretag och dess relation till kunder Nivå: C-uppsats: Examensarbete för kandidatexamen i innovationsteknik 15.0 hp. VT 17. Författarna: Jonatan Clemens & Staffan Hjalmarsson Handledare: Anette Strömberg Datum: 2016-11-07 - 2017-01-12 Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur ett större företag möter användare och deras behov samt var och hur interaktion med dessa användare sker. Förslag på förändringsområden föreslås i samband med fullföljd studie. Forskningsfrågor: -Hur arbetar ett konsultföretag med kunder/användare? -Liknar deras arbetssätt vad som beskrivs som framgångsrikt i forskning om kundinvolvering? -Kan arbetsprocesserna förbättras? Metod: Författarna har använt sig av en kvalitativ metod som tagits fram i form av muntliga semistrukturerade intervjuer. Studien Bygger mycket på hermeneutisk form som innebär att man sammanfattar sina egna tolkningar för att få en djupare förståelse. Resultat: En sammanvägning och analys av genomgångna teoretiska områden och empiri gav slutsatsen att det finns indikationer på att företaget till stor del inte arbetar efter etablerad forskning uppsatsen behandlar. Uppsatsens bidrag: Uppsatsen har framförallt bidragit till en djupare förståelse kring ämnet kundrelationer samt ska bidra med fördelaktig information för konsultföretaget gällande deras arbete.

Innovation and ‘creative destruction’ should thrive in the competitive, high risk and high cost environment of the North Sea. Paradoxically, uptake of new technology is slow. The focus of this research was to understand how new technology is developed and how end users make decisions about innovation. Innovation process in the literature can sometimes come across like a ‘black box’ without much explanation of what happens inside the box. This study seeks to explicate what transpires inside the ‘black box’ to improve our understanding of the innovation process. The linear models of technology-push and market-pull are too simplistic to account for the complexity of relationships and engagements that affect innovation at small and medium enterprises’ (SMEs) level. Subsequent models of innovation are suited to how large corporations manage innovation but neglect patterns of social interactions at the micro level where SMEs operate. These innovation models are incomplete because they relegate the importance of context and how it shapes understanding, action and outcome. This study, rooted in a social constructionist paradigm, takes a process-relational stance on entrepreneurship and innovation, recognising the dynamic relationships between social actors and context. Taking Heidegger’s explication of how we relate to the world, this thesis submits that innovation occurs when actors move into the ‘occurrent’ mode. The happenings and doings in the innovation process are treated as the results of perpetual social constructions. This study is based on extended interviews with eleven individuals in relevant roles and with direct experiences of the technical innovation construction in the oil and gas industry. The purposeful sample of research encompasses a variety of roles including technology entrepreneurs, end users of technology and venture capitalists. This study makes a number of contributions. Firstly, the research improves our understanding of how different social constructions are welded together to develop shared understanding. Secondly, a conceptual framework is presented that bridges a number of theoretical concepts, which allows us to see that innovation cannot be properly understood using simplistic models that ignores the social constructions human actors instantiate. Thirdly, the research claims that problem framing is foundational to innovation construction, where social actors collaborate to develop shared understanding, and mentally represent in the present a future that is not totally knowable. Fourthly, an alternative model of innovation construction is presented that is relational and accounts for the social constructions of process participants. Finally, a number of research implications for academics and insights for practitioners engaged in the technical innovation construction are offered.

Immer kürzer werdende Innovationszyklen lassen vor allem das strategische Zeitfenster für Innovationen schmaler werden. Ein ganzheitliches Time-to-Market Management (TtMM) gewinnt daher zunehmend an unternehmerischer Bedeutung. Das TtMM hat die zeitliche Optimierung des Innovationsprozesses zum Ziel. Sämtliche marktorientierten Innovationen eines Unternehmens sollen von der Idee bis hin zu ihrer Markteinführung zeitlich so geplant werden, dass sie innerhalb ihres strategischen Zeitfensters bzw. zu einem ökonomisch lohnenswerten Zeitpunkt am Markt eingeführt werden. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertation ist die Darlegung einer ganzheitlichen, mit den Erfordernissen der Praxis korrespondierenden TtMM-Konzeption. Zur Erreichung dieses Ziels wird ein zweigeteilter Ansatz verfolgt. In einem ersten Schritt werden die in der Praxis auftretenden Problembereiche bzw. Anforderungen an ein ganzheitliches TtMM analysiert. In einem zweiten Schritt werden Methoden identifiziert, die den in der Praxis aufgedeckten Anforderungen gerecht werden.

碩士
長榮大學
經營管理研究所
91
Innovation is an indispensable link in the process of sustainable development for the enterprises. The subject whether the innovation is successful or not is the focus of all the business operators. Whether the innovation system in side the enterprise is sound or not can determine the success and failure of the innovation of the enterprise. Therefore, a sound innovation and research system is very important to an enterprise. This research is based on the viewpoint of the innovation and research system and exercises “technology push” and “market pull” to explore the difference between different sorts of innovation sources, “innovation ideal source”, “innovation communication type”, “innovation information source”, “innovation orientation” and “innovation technology source”, to understand the influence on the innovation performance brought by different innovation sources in the different innovation types and product/technology life cycles. This research selected nine industries from the biggest industries in Taiwan as the research target and used the 1000 biggest enterprises of manufacturing industry and the 50 biggest R&D enterprises in Taiwan in 2002 which had been listed in the Common Wealth Magazine as the population parameters. This research is aimed at these nine industries to send 954 questionnaires for an empirical research. There are 116 effective questionnaires and the rate of valid retrieval is 12.15％。The analysis of questionnaire adopted the one-way MANOVA and two-way MANOVA mainly. Beside, it also adopted the cluster analysis and discriminate analysis etc. as the methods of statistic analysis. In this research, it found that: 1.Radical innovation can efficiently improve the innovation performance of the enterprises better than the incremental innovation. 2. In various innovation resources, it can help the enterprises to improve the innovation performance by adopting the following suggestions: (1) Integrate the innovations of “research and development engineering departments” and “marketing departments” on the innovation ideal source. (2) It is suggested to collect more external innovation information on the innovation information source. (3) On the innovation orientation, it is suggested to adopt “market orientation” to create better market performance, to adopt “technology orientation” to create better technology performance, and to adopt “market orientation” or “technology orientation” to create better whole performance. (4) On the innovation technology source, it is suggested to adopt “market trading model” to proceed the innovation; 3. In the course of proceeding innovation, the enterprises, they shall determine the innovation orientation first in consideration of the stages where the product/technology life cycle is, and then choose different innovation sources from the above-mentioned prerequisites according to the result of this research to create better innovation performance for the enterprises.

碩士
國立中興大學
高階經理人碩士在職專班
94
With rapid upgrade to the industries over the past 20 years, Taiwan has moved to Innovation Oriented (by Porter 1990) state. Technology leads the economic development during this 20-year period in Taiwan; however, the contribution through the independent self-research & development is not sustainable. We still rely on the import of core technology from USA, Japan, Europe for our utilization and add additional value. During the National Technology Conference conducted in January 2005, Cooperation between Industries and Academia has been put to be the high priority of our technology policy. It is anticipated to assist the industries to overcome their embarrassed position of insufficient investment to Technology Research & Development through the release of the R&D capacity of universities, The subject of this study is to further the research & development capacity of universities through the marketing of biotechnology, hence to improve and upgrade the quality of the veterinary biological product manufacturers in our country. Consequently to expend the opportunity of our product from our local market to international market to fulfill the policy from Ministry of Economic Affairs- “Taiwan being the OEM of Science and Technology”. This study also analyze the internal marketing and the obstacles the universities are facing during their researching and developing process to the veterinary biological products. At the same time, it analyze and investigate the status of the manufacturers which producing veterinary biological products in order to upgrade their product manufacturing quality and to achieve the quality level to market the products internationally. On the other hand, product from University R&D will meet the market demand based on the theory of market oriented. This will lead the success of cooperation between manufacturing and academia to reach the goal of international marketing through producing high quality products which will be adapted to international standard and subsequently enable to market the biotechnology as the final purpose. To cope with the speedy internationalization of agriculture and challenge of centralization of capital and technology, to solve the obstacles that this industry are facing is crucial for the biotechnology in the near future

碩士
國立交通大學
工業工程與管理學系
99
Theory of Constraint suggests the use of demand-pull replenishment policy with buffer management to ménage inventory. This policy has been demonstrated to be more effective in practice than those traditional replenishment policies such as (s, S), (s, Q), (R, S), (R, s, S). Since the replenishment lead time of semiconductor products is long and their demand changes rapidly, customers are willing to share their demand forecasts with upstream partners, such as wafer foundries, to reduce their inventory. This study proposed a method to incorporate demand forecasts to improve the effectiveness of using demand-pull replenishment policy along with buffer management to manage inventory. This study used real data provided by a wafer foundry in Taiwan as well as simulated data, respectively, to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach. The results showed that compared with the traditional demand-pull replenishment policy, the proposed approach can reduce the average inventory while not decreasing the desired service level. The more reliable of the demand forecasts, the more effective results the proposed approach can deliver.

Changing trends in customer preference, competitors’ offerings, new technologies and development techniques may disrupt a firm from its current leading market position and may favor other firms that prioritize innovation. Once a market opportunity is identified (i.e., find an answer to the ‘what to do’ question), firms need to engage in a series of activities and information processing to determine an appropriate way to monetize that opportunity – that is, firms need to find an answer to the ‘how to do’ question. Alternately, a firm may first identify a technological opportunity (i.e. find an answer to the ‘how to do’) and then find a market opportunity (i.e. find an answer to the ‘what to do’ question) to make use of the technological opportunity. Two scales that measure the capabilities of firms to address the following two questions – ‘what to do’ and ‘how to do’ - were reported; these were labelled as market-scanning capability (MktScan) and technology-scanning capability (TechScan); and these two scales were also tested in a broader research model. In turbulent environments, marketing and R&D become more challenging, since they face an uncertain future. Firms need to learn systemic scanning and decoding of apparently random changes in their business environment and imagine a pattern that makes sense. One cannot plan for uncertainty. A better strategy is to be prepared for it. One way to prepare is to develop the capabilities that would help the firm to become more adaptive. Drucker (1992) also argued that instead of planning for the long term that is uncertain, firms needed to become adaptive to tackle uncertainty. The ability of a firm to adapt to the changes depends on its ability to sense the nature of the changes in its business environment and respond to those. Sense-and-respond framework (Haeckel 1999; Haeckel 2000; Day and Schoemaker 2006) was proposed to emphasize the identification of weak signals (Ansoff 1975) to tackle increased uncertainty in business environment. In current days, effectiveness of firm’s activities often depends on the richness of its sources of information and its capability to process the collected information to identify the patterns of change happening in its business environments. Information processing may happen in two dimensions: in market dimension and in technology dimension. Firms’ capabilities for information collecting and processing in these two dimensions were measured using two firm-level constructs. These are market-scanning capability and technology-scanning capability. Resource-based theory helped to understand how firms use their tangible and intangible resources to compete in the market. Specific problem-solving aspects of the processes, activities, and cultural norms enable firms to make decisions about engaging the available resources and capabilities in ways that maximize customer value, by realizing the identified opportunities into product and service offerings. This research identified the characteristic strength of this problem-solving approach of firms – collecting information both internally and externally about possible market opportunities and technological options, organization-wide processing of that information, and taking actions to respond using insights gained – as two latent constructs called ‘market-scanning capability’ and ‘technology-scanning capability’. The concepts of ‘market-scanning capability’ and ‘technology-scanning capability’ were first defined and then, scales were developed to enable researchers and managers to measure these firm-level constructs. Next, the predictive roles of these capabilities on firm performance were examined. Empirical analysis for scale development and validation of the research model were performed with data collected through a web-based survey of Canadian manufacturing firms. Firm performance was captured in two stages – first, by product innovation performance, and second, by overall firm performance. Product innovation performance was used as an intermediate performance measure to examine the direct influence on it of market-scanning capability and technology-scanning capability, and then, to relate product innovation performance to final business outcome measured using ‘overall firm performance’ scale. The study validated the notion of resource-based theory by supporting the belief that higher levels of market-scanning capability and technology-scanning capability would lead to improved product innovation performance. The role of environmental turbulence was also examined for its possible moderating effect. Two measures of environmental turbulence, namely, technology and market turbulence were used to test the moderation effect. The technology turbulence construct was found to have a moderating effect on the relationship between technology-scanning capability and product innovation performance, indicating that firms needed to focus more attention on the changes in the technology landscape when turbulence in the technological field was perceived to be higher, in order to keep the same level of product innovation performance. Insight gained from the study contributed to a knowledge-base that might be useful to both practitioners and researchers. The combination of TechScan and MktScan scales could be used as a benchmark tool by managers to assess firms’ readiness to take advantage of the opportunities that existed. On the theoretical side, the study contributed to the understanding by showing that both market-scanning capability and technology-scanning capability had direct and indirect influences on firm performance. Also, it was found that the indirect influence of a certain scanning capability became important when firms were pre-disposed to emphasize the other scanning capability.

Immer kürzer werdende Innovationszyklen lassen vor allem das strategische Zeitfenster für Innovationen schmaler werden. Ein ganzheitliches Time-to-Market Management (TtMM) gewinnt daher zunehmend an unternehmerischer Bedeutung. Das TtMM hat die zeitliche Optimierung des Innovationsprozesses zum Ziel. Sämtliche marktorientierten Innovationen eines Unternehmens sollen von der Idee bis hin zu ihrer Markteinführung zeitlich so geplant werden, dass sie innerhalb ihres strategischen Zeitfensters bzw. zu einem ökonomisch lohnenswerten Zeitpunkt am Markt eingeführt werden. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertation ist die Darlegung einer ganzheitlichen, mit den Erfordernissen der Praxis korrespondierenden TtMM-Konzeption. Zur Erreichung dieses Ziels wird ein zweigeteilter Ansatz verfolgt. In einem ersten Schritt werden die in der Praxis auftretenden Problembereiche bzw. Anforderungen an ein ganzheitliches TtMM analysiert. In einem zweiten Schritt werden Methoden identifiziert, die den in der Praxis aufgedeckten Anforderungen gerecht werden.

O objetivo deste estudo de caso é abordar os primeiros passos para criar um turismo médico em Portugal, especificamente como iniciar uma abordagem para promover ofertas de serviços médicos conjuntas num mercado-alvo de língua russa. O projeto "Turismo médico em Portugal", promovido pela associação privada sem fins lucrativos Health Cluster Portugal, embora apresente genericamente formas de concretizar a estratégia de marca e um plano de ação no desenvolvimento de um cluster de turismo médico em Portugal não o faz para o mercado de língua russa. O desenvolvimento e o sucesso futuro do estudo aqui apresentado podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento do mercado de serviços médicos no país. A investigação consiste em: revisão da literatura considerada relevante para descrições de turismo médico, fatores de tomada de decisão e modelos de negócios; análise de informação secundária para abordar os "pull factors" referentes a Portugal assim como os determinantes no desenvolvimento do projeto "turismo médico em Portugal e as motivações dos turistas médicos de língua russa em viagens médicas; análise e discussão da informação resultante de entrevistas semiestruturadas sobre os "push factors" de pacientes de língua russa em viagens médicas bem como sobre os pontos fortes e fracos de Portugal na atração de turismo médico; recomendações sobre a atração de turistas médicos de língua russa e a criação de um ambiente amigável local durante o tratamento. O estudo concluiu dando indicações sobre o próximo passo para a construção de um cluster de turismo de saúde forte, competitivo, orientado para o cliente e bem organizado, com pacotes atraentes de turismo médico para turistas médicos e parceiros fornecedores do serviço. A análise de quais tratamentos são os mais populares entre os turistas médicos de diferentes países de língua russa não é o objetivo do estudo.
The main objective of the case study is the first steps to create medical tourism in Portugal, namely a medical tourism cluster with actors to promote the joint medical offers in a Russianspeaking target market. The project "Medical tourism in Portugal", promoted by the private non-profit association Health Cluster Portugal, starts a way of embodying branding strategy and a plan of action in the development of a medical tourism cluster in Portugal. The development and future success of the project can influence the development of the medical services market and the economic development of the country. The research structure consists of the following parts: literature review for descriptions of medical tourism, decision-making factors and business models; Portugal pull factors and development of the project "Medical tourism on Portugal" with using secondary data; motivations of Russian-speaking medical tourists in medical trips with using secondary data; results from semi-structured interviews of the push factors of Russian-speaking patients in medical trips and Portugal's strengths and weaknesses in the pull factors in medical tourism are discussed; recommendations on attracting Russian-speaking medical tourists and creating a like-home environment during the treatment for them. The study concluded by pointing out what must be the next step to a vigorous effort to construct strong, competitive, customer-oriented and well-organized health tourism cluster, with attractive medical tourism packages for medical tourists and patient’s providers. Analyse of which treatments are the most popular among medical tourists from different Russian-speaking countries is not the study’s aim.

Online platforms have emerged during past few years, aiming to disrupt different markets: transportation, housing, rental-housing market are some of the examples. Several factors have contributed to this: a growing digital landscape, geographical proximity and the crisis of 2008. The rental-housing market was also tackled by entrepreneurs, with different platforms rising and changing the way accommodation is searched and advertised. Particularly in Europe, the student rental-housing market, as a submarket of the rental-housing market, has been steadily growing, leading to the appearance of online platforms focused on students search for accommodation. These platforms face, not only the competition of similar ones, but also of indirect competitors – platforms that provide a search for accommodation but that are not focused on students -, and most traditional methods. The modifications on how we look for accommodation made it relevant to understand, for these platforms – given the necessity to retain users and the competitiveness of the market – and their managers, to discern what leads consumers/users to switch a given platform for another. Therefore, using the Push-Pull-Mooring framework to guide our investigation, we aim to assess the impact of different factors in the switching behavior, specifically approaching the demand-side of these online platforms: students. The switching behavior of our target was observed to be potentially influenced by the Push, Pull and Mooring factors tested.
Nos últimos anos emergiram as plataformas online, com o objetivo de serem disruptivas em diversos mercados: na mobilidade, no imobiliário, no arrendamento imobiliário, são apenas alguns dos exemplos. Vários factores contribuíram para tal, o desenvolvimento do mundo digital, a proximidade geográfica e a crise de 2008. O mercado de arrendamento imobiliário não passou incólume à mudança, com diferentes plataformas a surgirem e a alterarem a forma como se procura e anuncia alojamento. Particularmente na Europa, o mercado de arrendamento estudantil, como submercado do mercado de arrendamento, tem crescido constantemente, levando ao aparecimento de plataformas online focadas na procura de alojamento por estudantes. Essas plataformas, enfrentam não apenas a concorrência de outras similares, mas também competidores indirectos – plataformas cujo foco não é a comunidade estudante, mas que também providenciam o mesmo serviço – e métodos mais tradicionais. As alterações na forma como procuramos alojamento, levam a que se torne relevante para essas plataformas – pela necessidade de reter utilizadores e pela altíssima competição existente – e para os seus gestores, perceber que determinantes levam os utilizadores a trocarem determinada plataforma no seu processo de procura de alojamento. Assim, e enquadrados pela teoria Push-Pull-Mooring, o objectivo é analisar o impacto de diferentes factores no comportamento do consumidor, nomeadamente na mudança de plataforma, e especificamente no lado da procura dessas plataformas: os estudantes. O comportamento do consumidor para trocar de plataforma foi observado como potencialmente influenciado pelos factors Push, Pull e Mooring testados.