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1
author, Chipumho Erinah, and Chiwunze Gamuchirai author, eds. An assessment of the macroeconomic policy formulation and implementation processes in Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Economic Policy Analysis and Research Unit, 2018.
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Kim, Woo-chʻang. Robust equity portfolio management + website: Formulations, implementations, and properties using MATLAB. Wiley, 2015.
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G, Smith Douglas. Curriculum for design: Preparation material for design teaching : the market phase including specification formulation. SEED, 1998.
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Musa, Al-Faki, and Akele Sylvester O, eds. Mainstreaming the capital market in national policy formulation and management: Proceedings of the Second Annual National Capital Market Conference. Securities and Exchange Commission, 2006.
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Lesotho. Ministry of Labour and Employment. and Lesotho Bureau of Statistics, eds. Labour force survey, 1997: Preliminary results : employment policy formulation and labour market analysis, (LES/94/004). The Ministry, 1998.
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Bedford, Michael R., Gary G. Partridge, Milan Hruby, and Carrie L. Walk, eds. Enzymes in farm animal nutrition. 3rd ed. CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241563.0000.
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Abstract This third edition explores considerable advances such as the use of enzymes in fish and shrimp diets, new understanding of how phytases function in the animal, NSPase research and enzymes' extended use in ruminant markets. This book also provides comprehensive coverage of all topics relating to the production, use, cooperativity and analysis of feed enzymes. It is fully updated throughout, revealing significant developments such as new methods to deliver enzymes (formulations, encapsulations, and liquid spray systems) and advances in enzyme analysis. It also includes brand new chapters on combinations of enzymes, antibiotic-free diets and how to measure response in feed-enzyme trials. Covering biochemistry, enzymology and characteristics relevant to animal feed use, this book forms a valuable resource for academics and students of animal nutrition and production, as well as professionals in the animal feed industry.
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Best, Antony, ed. British Foreign Secretaries and Japan, 1850-1990. Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9781898823735.
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This book reviews the role of British Foreign Secretaries in the formulation of British policy towards Japan from the re-opening of Japan in the middle of the nineteenth century to the end of the twentieth century. It also takes a critical look at the history of British relations with Japan over these years. Beginning with Lord John Russell (Foreign Secretary 1859-1865) and concluding with Geoffrey Howe (Secretary of State for Foreign & Commonwealth Affairs, 1983-1989), the volume also examines the critical roles of two British Prime Ministers in the latter part of the twentieth century, Edward Heath and Margaret Thatcher, who ensured that Britain recognized both the reality and the opportunities for Britain resulting from the Japanese economic and industrial phenomenon. Heath’s main emphasis was on opening the Japanese market to British exports. Thatcher’s was on Japanese investment. This volume is a valuable addition to the Japan Society’s series devoted to aspects of Anglo-Japanese relations which includes ten volumes of Britain & Japan: Biographical Portraits as well as British Envoys in Japan.
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Conference on Fundamental Social and Economic Rights in the European Community (Legal Formulation and Implementation of the Social Dimensionof the Internal Market) (1989 Florence). Fundamental social and economic rights in the European Community: Conference on the legal formulation and implementation of the social dimension of the internal market, 4-6 December 1989, European University Institute Florence. [s.n.], 1990.
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Elkordy, Amal Ali. Formulation of Monoclonal Antibody Therapies: From Lab to Market. Academic Press, 2021.
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Elkordy, Amal Ali. Formulation of Monoclonal Antibody Therapies: From Lab to Market. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2022.
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Fields, Gary S. Segmented Labor Market Models in Developing Countries. Edited by Don Ross and Harold Kincaid. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195189254.003.0018.
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This article is about labor-market models. Its aim is to construct models that are as simple as they can be but as complicated as they need to be. Such models, if carefully done, can contribute to an understanding of observed labor market phenomena and to the formulation of sound labor market policies. Some branches of economics work with models that assume that everybody who works participates in a single, undifferentiated labor market. This article regards such models as grossly unrealistic. The notion of labor market segmentation can be stylized most simply by maintaining that there are two labor market segments. In this article, labor markets should be thought of as consisting not only of wage and salaried employment but also of self-employment. All who work or seek to work in labor markets are termed workers.
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Dufour, P. Chemistry & Technology of Uv & Eb Formulation for Coatings, Inks & Paints: Markets & Curing Equipment. Scholium Intl, 1991.
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Fabozzi, Frank J., Woo Chang Kim, and Jang Ho Kim. Robust Equity Portfolio Management: Formulations, Implementations, and Properties Using MATLAB. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2015.
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Fabozzi, Frank J., Woo Chang Kim, and Jang Ho Kim. Robust Equity Portfolio Management: Formulations, Implementations, and Properties Using MATLAB. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2015.
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Fabozzi, Frank J., Woo Chang Kim, and Jang Ho Kim. Robust Equity Portfolio Management: Formulations, Implementations, and Properties Using MATLAB. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2015.
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BELL, Howard James. The formulation of a successful marketing strategy in the U.K consumer credit market. 1987.
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Chau, Frankie Ho-Chi. Volatility Transmission across Commodity Futures Markets. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190656010.003.0018.
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Sharp movements in crude oil prices and their impact on other commodities have renewed interest in the assessment of dynamic interactions between commodity futures markets. This chapter examines this topic by investigating the intensity and direction of volatility transmission across three major classes of commodities, including agricultural products (corn, coffee, and soybeans), energy (crude oil and gas), and metals (copper, gold, and silver). Overall, the evidence suggests that important volatility episodes and fluctuations exist across major commodity markets; the total cross-market spillovers are limited until the onset of financial crisis of 2007–2008. As the crisis intensified, so too did the commodity volatility spillovers, with substantial stress carrying over from the energy and metal markets to others. These findings are important in understanding the level and transmission mechanism of risk across commodity futures markets and are relevant to regulators in formulating policies to tackle excessive volatility, particularly during turbulent periods.
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Jorge, Antonio, and Jorge Salazar-Carrillo, eds. Price Policies and Economic Growth. Praeger Publishers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216982500.
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An understanding of price structures and their impact on trade, productivity, and other related factors will aid in formulation of price policies promoting economic growth and development. Price formulation issues are examined within the context of nonmarket and imperfect market conditions, providing insightful linking of exchange rates and domestic prices to a wide array of factors that determine economic growth. Different facets of primary commodity price formation are explored, arriving at such conclusions as the fact that the dramatic rise in oil prices during the 1970s had little to do with the Latin American debt crisis or with the world recession that followed. Some new techniques for analysis are used, and commonly used techniques in price comparison studies are discussed.
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Denault, Jean-Francois. Handbook of Marketing Strategy for Life Science Companies: Formulating the Roadmap You Need to Navigate the Market. Productivity Press, 2018.
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Denault, Jean-Francois. Handbook of Marketing Strategy for Life Science Companies: Formulating the Roadmap You Need to Navigate the Market. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.
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Denault, Jean-Francois. Handbook of Marketing Strategy for Life Science Companies: Formulating the Roadmap You Need to Navigate the Market. Productivity Press, 2018.
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Weitnauer, Wolfgang. International Venture Capital Terms. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781509931378.
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This rigorous commentary takes as its focus the English partnership agreement. It sets out in meticulous detail how the agreement is amended by supplementary statutory provisions or rules of procedure. It then goes on to comment on its essential terms, offering various jurisdictions' perspectives of those terms. Both market standards and alternative approaches (which are common practice) are addressed. Finally, national formulation proposals for the modules of a contract are laid out on the basis of a term sheet. Its rigorous, authoritative examination makes it required reading for all practising in the field of partnership law.
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Eisenberg, Melvin A. Relational Contracts. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199731404.003.0054.
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Chapter 54 concerns relational contracts. Classical contract law was implicitly based on a paradigm consisting of a bargain made between strangers transacting on a perfect market, and focused on the static instant of contract formation, rather than dynamic processes such as the evolution of a contractual relationship. Relational-contract theory rejects the stranger-in-a-perfect-market paradigm and the static conception of contract law. Instead, it is based on a paradigm of a contractual transaction between actors who are in an ongoing and dynamic relationship. The identification of relational contracts as an economic and sociological entity is desirable. However, a theory of relational contracts requires the formulation of a body of legal rules applicable to, and only to, relational contracts. This is a place to which relational-contract theory has not gone and cannot go.
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Eagle, Lynne, Stephan Dahl, and David Low. Ethical issues in social marketing. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198717690.003.0011.
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Many social marketers assume that because they are focusing on positive behaviour change they may expect fewer ethical issues arising from their work than conventional, commercial marketing. However, such a view is sadly too simplistic. This chapter focuses on the ethical issues facing social marketing. It argues that social marketers face an even greater potential for ethical issues and gives examples of these by focusing on targeting, stigmatization, victim blaming, coercion, and the use of financial incentives, among others. Recognizing the manifold potential for ethical challenges, and the lack of a decisive manner in which to resolve them easily, it then discusses ethical frameworks which can aid social marketers in formulating a response to potential issues and arriving at a considered decision. The chapter concludes by discussing the potential role of a professional code of ethics, and how this can aid future ethical decision-making.
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Pattanaik, Prasanta K., and Yongsheng Xu. On a Concept of Freedom. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812555.003.0003.
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A considerable segment of the recent analytical literature on freedom visualizes an individual’s freedom as his/her ability to choose any one of several alternative (mutually exclusive) outcomes available to him/her. A major application of this formulation of freedom is to be found in the functioning and capability approach where an individual’s capability or opportunity set is taken to be a set of functioning bundles any one of which the individual is able to choose at will. Following the lead provided by an early contribution from K. Basu, this chapter explores the limitations of this conception of freedom, both in the framework of perfectly competitive markets and in cases where an individual’s life is determined through strategic interaction among several individuals.
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Sharif, Shamshuritawati. Quantitative methods & their application in multidisciplinary area. UUM Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/9789670876504.
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This book is a guide for researchers who are involved in statistical and decision science analyses.Both analyses are explained in detail with samples of real applications in daily life to assist readers to appreciate theoretical and mathematical formulations. It covers a wide variety of applications, including economic issues, i.e., stock markets, quality control in the garment industry, customer satisfaction in the banking industry, experimental design in electronic firms, performance of university web portals, daily fat intake, the optimization of shrimp catching activities, meal planning for nurseries and as well as fairness model in economic games.Understanding these analyses can assist researchers to prepare research reports and manuscripts more efficiently.
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Sugden, Robert. The Invisible Hand. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825142.003.0006.
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Chapter 6 presents a new formulation of Adam Smith’s ‘invisible hand’ argument. The underlying idea is that markets are valuable because they provide opportunities for voluntary transactions (rather than because they satisfy preferences). I propose a ‘Strong Interactive Opportunity Criterion’ which requires that all opportunities for feasible and non-dominated transactions within groups of individuals are made available to those individuals. I define competitive equilibrium without making assumptions about the rationality of individuals’ choices and show that the Strong Interactive Opportunity Criterion is satisfied in every competitive equilibrium of an exchange economy. This result is analogous with the classic theorems that every competitive equilibrium is Pareto-efficient and is in the ‘core’ of the economy. I extend these results to ‘storage economies’ in which trade and consumption take place over time and in which individuals’ choices may be dynamically inconsistent.
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Bhagat, Rabi S. Global Strategies and the Organization. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190241490.003.0003.
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Global organizations are able to send messages to their subsidiaries and other operating units all over the world with remarkable speed with the Internet and computers. The formulation of strategies for these global organizations has to account for increases in volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity on an ongoing basis. This chapter discusses the nature of changes that strategic management of global organizations consider as businesses shift from the OCED nations to emergent economies and adoption of market-oriented policies in all of the major trading nations in the WTO. The development of strategy in the era of globalization is guided by economic, political, cultural, and institutional forces that are vastly different from those that existed after World War II. Implementation of strategy is also considerably different than it was a few decades ago. This is discussed along with the consideration of ethical issues that are emerging on a worldwide scale.
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Love, Joseph L. Brazilian Structuralism. Edited by Edmund Amann, Carlos R. Azzoni, and Werner Baer. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190499983.013.4.
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This chapter examines the evolution of the structuralist school of economic thought in the Brazilian context. The intellectual roots of structuralism are analyzed, as is the influence this set of ideas has had on economic policy formulation in Brazil. Prominent structuralists such as Celso Furtado and Raul Prebisch influenced the governments of Getúlio Vargas and Juscelino Kubitschek, while Furtado himself played a key role in establishing the national development bank (BNDES) and the Northeast development agency, SUDENE. Furtado “historicized” CEPAL structuralism and showed how losses in the coffee sector were spread across the whole economy in the 1930s. He furthermore developed a model of internal colonialism and arguably was the first dependency theorist. The crisis of structuralism in the mid-1960s ultimately resulted in neostructuralism in 1990, a reformed version of the doctrine that emphasized the export market, technological change, and continual “learning by doing.”
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Gerber, David A. American Immigration: A Very Short Introduction. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780197542422.001.0001.
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American Immigration: A Very Short Introduction traces three massive waves of immigration from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, and analyzes the nature of immigration as a purposeful, structured activity, attitudes supporting or hostile to immigration, policies and laws regulating immigration, and the nature of and prospects for assimilation. There have been some dramatic developments since 2011, including the crisis along the southwestern border and the intense conflict over illegal immigration. The population of the United States has diverse sources: territorial acquisition through conquest and colonialism, the slave trade, and voluntary immigration. Many Americans value the memory of immigrant ancestors, and are sentimentally inclined to immigrant strivings. Alongside this sits the perception that immigration destabilizes social order, cultural coherence, job markets, and political alignments. The nearly 250 years of American nationhood has been characterized by both support for openness to immigration and embrace of a cosmopolitan formulation of American identity and for restrictions and assertions of belief in a core Anglo-American national character.
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Kamynin, Vladimir. Management by long-term development of a large company. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2451.978-5-317-06688-8.
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The new methodological approach to study of market leadership which is based on long-term company development is developed in the monograph. The proposed methodological solution takes into account the manifestation of a complex of factors which are characteristic of world benchmark companies, as well as factors which are necessary to update the company's life cycle and determine the company's competitiveness in the conditions of knowledge economy. A system of indicators which are indicating the company's ability to occupy leading market positions and achieve other goals of various content has been proposed. Methods of revolutionary and evolutionary development are described. The importance of combining these methods during formulation the concept of company development is reflected. The approach of the world's best companies to setting corporate goals, forming a vision has been systematized, the corporate vision model has been proposed. The distinctive special aspects of the cultures of companies which are demonstrate the long-term sustainability are considered. The analysis of the important components of corporate culture, which are influence on the conditions for the development of the company was done. The total covered period by the research is 17 years. For students, graduate students, teachers of economic universities, heads of enterprises and entrepreneurs, as well as for those who are interested in business development strategy.
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Tuckett, David. Conviction Narrative Theory and Understanding Decision-Making in Economics and Finance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820802.003.0003.
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This chapter describes the radically uncertain context faced by money managers and how they cope by developing conviction narratives. It then generalizes these findings to introduce a wider theory of decision-making under radical uncertainty, termed Conviction Narrative Theory (CNT). CNT differs from standard approaches to decision-making in economics and behavioural psychology that are limited to theories of efficient and inefficient information processing in contexts where data is available to calculate future probabilities. In radical uncertainty, we cannot know which bits of information are useful. CNT explains the human capacity to cope despite this situation: actors organize their experience through narratives and use the emotions attaching to them to feel the conviction to act. In effect, CNT operationalizes Keynes’ (1936) formulation of animal spirits as a human solution to radical uncertainty; and it provides more plausible and empirically substantiated microfoundations on which to build understanding of aggregate economic outcomes, the development of monocultures, and financial market instability.
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Wagenaar, Hendrik, Helga Amesberger, and Sietske Altink. The national governance of prostitution: political rationality and the politics of discourse. Policy Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447324249.003.0004.
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This chapter depicts policy formulation as an ‘organised anarchy’ of agenda setting and political decision-making that expresses itself in an ongoing tension between institutionalised political rationality and public discourse. The emergence of policy agendas and the introduction of legislation are associated less with a particular identifiable phase of the policy process than with the contingent interactions of policy networks and institutions. This unruly process is strongly influenced by discourse, in both countries the worldwide neo-abolitionist discourse. In the Netherlands national policy swung from the halting legislative decision to decriminalize brothels, back to a national policy of control and containment. Austria’s policy was traditionally aimed at the control of a stigmatised activity, through measures such as compulsory STD checks, unfavorable fiscal measures, and immigration laws that prevent sex workers to have full access to the labour market. In both countries we observed that at the national level the sex trade is shaped as much, or perhaps even more, by laws that are tangential to prostitution (immigration, tax, social security and labour law) as by laws that are specifically directed at it.
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Pepinsky, Pauline. Worlds of Common Sense. www.praeger.com, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216187028.
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This book explores the construction and maintenance of alternative worlds of common sense. Employing a comparative approach, Dr. Pepinsky monitors events in Norway and the United States over several decades, treating these countries as prototypes of societies that are classifiable as modern Western democracies, but which exhibit marked contrasts in size and cultural homogeneity. She examines the conditions under which different social realities are generated, the assumptions that they presuppose, and the practices that sustain them. She then goes on to analyze the methods by which continuity is maintained and the grounds upon which changes are legitimized over time. Pepinsky directs her book at an interdisciplinary audience. She addresses problems of increasing concern in the social sciences and in the world at large. Cultural differences in modal perspective affect the formulation of public policies and also contribute to intergroup tensions, as interpersonal relations are simultaneously becoming intercultural encounters within many contemporary societies. Researchers and students in social and cross-cultural psychology, ethnography, sociology, and political science will find this work of considerable interest.
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Haspelmath, Martin. Further Sources of Indefinite Pronouns. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198235606.003.0007.
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This chapter focuses on diachronic sources of indefinite pronouns that cannot be easily subsumed under grammaticalization. It first considers indefinite pronouns marked by scalar focus particles such as ‘even’ and ‘at least’ before discussing the possibility that the disjunctive conjunction ‘or’ may be used as an indefiniteness marker. It then examines bare interrogative pronouns that are used as indefinites, taking into account strategies of disambiguation and bare interrogatives in Indo-European. It also explains why indefinites tend to be identical to interrogatives and goes on to analyse reduplicated indefinite pronouns. After formulating a number of generalizations, the chapter describes some further diachronic issues, including the change from generic nouns and the numeral ‘one’ into indefinite pronouns, along with the borrowing of indefinite pronouns.
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Kalantzakos, Sophia. China and the Geopolitics of Rare Earths. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190670931.001.0001.
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In 2010, because of a geopolitical incident between China and Japan, seventeen elements of the periodic table known as rare earths became notorious overnight. An “unofficial” and temporary embargo of rare-earth shipments to Japan alerted the world to China’s near monopoly position on the production and export of these indispensable elements for high-tech, defense, and renewable energy sources. A few months before the geopolitical confrontation, China had chosen to substantially cut export quotas of rare earths. Both events sent shockwaves across the markets, and rare-earth prices skyrocketed, prompting reactions from industrial nations and industry itself. The rare-earth crisis is not a simple trade dispute, however. It also raises questions about China’s use of economic statecraft and the impacts of growing resource competition. A detailed and nuanced examination of the rare-earth crisis provides a significant and distinctive case study of resource competition and its spill-over geopolitical effects. It sheds light on the formulation, deployment, longevity, effectiveness, and, perhaps, shortsightedness of policy responses by other industrial nations, while also providing an example of how China might choose to employ instruments of economic statecraft in its rise to superpower status.
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Trigeorgis, Lenos. Real Options in Capital Investment. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216005629.
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This compilation integrates various new contributions to the growing real options literature. Recent developments in the valuation of capital investment opportunities seen as real options (e.g. to defer, expand, abandon, or switch) have provided the tools and unlocked the possibilities to revolutionize the field of capital budgeting. The resulting insights, strategies, and techniques enable quantifying the thus far elusive elements of managerial operating flexibility and strategic interactions. These are vital to successfully capitalize on favorable future investment opportunities or limit losses from adverse market developments. This book presents various models and operating strategies, and a variety of applications ranging from acquisitions and divestitures, to natural resource development and pollution compliance. It is intended for both the academic and the professional market. The book's contributions are divided into five parts, covering sections on real options and alternative valuation paradigms for capital investment analysis; on the analysis of general exchange or switching options, and interdependencies among multiple such options; on strategic acquisitions, infrastructure, and foreign investment options; on mean reversion/ alternative formulations in natural resource investments, shipping, and start-up ventures; and on other applications in pollution compliance, land development, flexible manufacturing, and financial default options. Both academic and practitioner interest in these developments is unusually high. The book can serve as supplementary material for the academic market, e.g., in advanced finance courses in option pricing or capital budgeting, in doctoral seminars, and as a library resource. It may also be of interest to the professional market (e.g. corporate planners and finance executives in the oil, pharmaceutical, auto and a variety of other industries), academics from related areas (e.g. decision analysts or economists), as well as to international readers (academics, doctoral students, and professionals).
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Best, Antony, and Hugh Cortazzi, eds. British Foreign Secretaries and Japan 1850-1990. Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781898823742.
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This book reviews the role of British Foreign Secretaries in the formulation of British policy towards Japan from the re-opening of Japan in the middle of the nineteenth century to the end of the twentieth century. It also takes a critical look at the history of British relations with Japan over these years. Beginning with Lord John Russell (Foreign Secretary 1859-1865) and concluding with Geoffrey Howe (Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, 1983-1989), the volume also examines the critical roles of two British Prime Ministers in the latter part of the twentieth century, Edward Heath and Margaret Thatcher, who ensured that Britain recognized both the reality and the opportunities for Britain resulting from the Japanese economic and industrial phenomenon. Heath’s main emphasis was on opening the Japanese market to British exports. Thatcher’s was on Japanese investment. <br><br>This volume is a valuable addition to the Japan Society’s series devoted to aspects of Anglo-Japanese relations which includes ten volumes of <i>Britain & Japan: Biographical Portraits</i> as well as <i>British Envoys in Japan</i>.
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O'Reilly, Jacqueline, Janine Leschke, Renate Ortlieb, Martin Seeleib-Kaiser, and Paola Villa, eds. Youth Labor in Transition. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190864798.001.0001.
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Youth transitions to employment and adulthood have become increasingly protracted and precarious. The Great Recession exacerbated these difficulties. The varied European experiences affect young people differently in terms of their gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, even in successful countries. Youth Labor in Transition examines young people’s integration into employment, transitions affected by the family and moving away to live independently, and the decisions and consequences of migrating to find work and later returning home. The authors identify some of the key challenges for the future concerning young people not in employment, education, or training (NEETs); overeducation; self-employment; ethnicity; scarring effects; as well as the values and attitudes of young people and how they identify with trade unions. The central concept informing this research is based on a comparative analysis of transitions, policy performance, and learning approaches to overcoming youth unemployment. It illuminates when and how labor market analysis informs policy formulation, implementation, and evaluation based on extensive multimethod empirical research across the European continent. Collectively, the authors illustrate the need to encompass a wider understanding of youth employment and job insecurity by including an analysis of both the sphere of economic production and how it relates to social reproduction of labor if policy intervention is to be effective. Mapping and extensively analyzing these transitions is the result of original empirical analysis drawn from a three-and-a-half-year European Union-funded research project: STYLE—Strategic Transitions for Youth Labour in Europe.
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Felkay, Andrew. Yeltsin's Russia and the West. Praeger, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216039891.
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Throughout history, strong-willed Russian autocrats have rescued their country from foreign domination, disorder, and possible chaos, often using the cruelest means to achieve their ends. Gorbachev tried to implement socialism with a human face in the Soviet Union, but failed. In the early 1990s, once again, Russia needed a strong hand to pull it out of chaos. In August 1991 Boris Yeltin emerged as such a leader, but unlike earlier strong leaders, he was determined to pull Russia out of the Communist morass and affect his country's integration with Western democracies through democratic means. Felkay carefully analyzes the impact of Yeltsin on the newly evolving relationship between Russia and the Western democracies. But separating the process of formulating foreign and domestic policies would be impossible. From the onset, Yeltsin kept both reins of decision-making firmly in hand. Accordingly, Felkay assesses Yeltsin's effectiveness in moving his country toward democracy and a market economy, and he shows the ups and downs of his pro-Western foreign policies. This book provides an important analysis for scholars, students, and other researchers involved with Russian studies, international relations, and comparative politics.
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Gil-Egui, Gisela. E-Government. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.162.
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E-government refers to a set of public administration and governance goals and practices involving information and communication technologies (ICTs). It utilizes such technologies to serve public agencies’ external audiences and constituents. However, the scope of that service is the subject of much debate and, consequently, no consensual definition of e-government had been formulated. The prehistory of e-government resonates with assumptions from the “new public management” (NPM), which proposed a restructuring of governmental agencies by adopting a market-based approach to ensure cost efficiencies in the public sector. Coined in the mid-1990s, the notion of e-government as equivalent to better government, economic growth, human development, and the knowledge society in general was quickly and uncritically accepted by practitioners and scholars alike. As scholars from different disciplines, including politics communication and sociology, paid increasing attention to the intersections of structural factors, hardware, and culture in the adoption and use of ICTs, research on e-government began to show some diversification. By the twenty-first century, the number of e-government websites from local and national administrations has grown sufficiently to allow some generalizations based on empirical observation. Meanwhile critical and comprehensive approaches to e-government frequently adopt a critical stance to denounce oversimplifications, determinisms, and omissions in the formulation of e-governance projects, as well as in the evaluation, adoption, and assessment of e-government effectiveness. Beyond the particularities of each emerging technology, reflection on the intersections between ICTs and government is moving away from an exclusive focus on hardware and functionality, to consider broader questions on governance.
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Menin, Marco. Thinking About Tears. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192864277.001.0001.
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Abstract A crucial period for the birth of the modern subject, France’s ‘long eighteenth century’ (approximately 1650–1820) was an era marked by the formulation of a new aesthetic and ethical code revolving around the intensification of emotions and the hyperbolic use of weeping. Precisely because tears are not a simple biological fact but rather hang suspended between natural immediacy, on one side, and cultural artifice, on the other, the analysis of crying came to represent an exemplary testing ground for investigations into the enigmatic relations binding the realm of physiology to that of psychology. Thinking About Tears explores how the link between tears and sensibility in France’s long eighteenth century helps shed light on the process through which the European emotional lexicon has been built: from viewing tears as governed by the sphere of ‘passions’ and ‘feelings’, thinkers began to view crying as first a matter of sensibility and then of sensiblerie (a pathological excess of sensibility), thereby presupposing an intimate connection with the category of ‘sentiments’. For this reason, this book examines not only or even primarily the actual emotion of crying, but also the attempt to think about and explain this feeling. Drawing on a wide range of early modern philosophical, medical, religious, and literary texts—including moral treatises on the passions, medical textbooks, letters, life-writings, novels, and stage-plays—Thinking About Tears reveals another side to a period that has too often been saddled with the cursory label of ‘the age of reason’.
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Josefsson, Cecilia. Defending the Status Quo. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197788592.001.0001.
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Abstract Defending the Status Quo explores political elites’ resistance to electoral gender quota reforms—one of the most widespread electoral reforms of recent decades—to increase understanding of the significant variation in this policy and its impact. The book conceptualizes resistance and develops an original theoretical framework for studying resistance to gender-equality policy: the resistance stage framework. Anchored in feminist institutionalism and mapped onto the policy process, it outlines how status quo defenders adapt their resistance strategies to accommodate institutional and ideational changes across agenda setting, policy formulation, decision-making, and implementation phases. The resistance stage framework is developed in conjunction with a thick description of a 30-year-long process to adopt and implement electoral gender quotas in Uruguay. While Uruguay was a vanguard in the strife for women’s rights, men’s political dominance has been pervasive in this country. The struggle to introduce a gender quota has been marked by repeated reform attempts, pervasive resistance, and a wide variation in the responses of the Uruguayan political parties, making this case apt for developing theory and shedding light on the adaptive nature of resistance. Drawing on a large number of interviews with Uruguayan political elites, three extensive quota debates, and party electoral lists, this book carefully examines the power struggle over reform in this country. It shows how powerful status quo defenders, seeking to ignore, stall, and undermine gendered institutional change, adapt their resistance strategies across different political parties and over time, as quota advocates make advances and manage to change the institutional and ideational context.
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Nowak, Dariusz, ed. Production–operation management. The chosen aspects. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/978-83-8211-059-3.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the e-book is to present the theoretical, cognitive and practical aspects of the essence and complexity of operational management in a production company. The presented modern production methods together with the challenges and problems of contemporary enterprises should better help to understand the issues of sustainable development, with particular emphasis on waste. The book consists of six chapters devoted to relevant and topic issues relating to the core business of an industrial enterprise. Chapter 1 The nature of the industrial enterprise is an introduction to further considerations and deals with the essence of the basic aspects of the company. Both popular and less known definitions of an enterprise, its features, functions and principles of operation are presented. An important part of the chapter is the presentation and formulation of strategic, tactical and operational goals. Moreover, the division of enterprises is presented with the use of various criteria and the features of the industrial market, which make it distinct. Chapter 2 The operational management evolution and its role in the industrial enterprise discusses the evolution and concept of production and operational management. The management levels were also presented, indicating their most important functions. An integral part of the chapter is the essence of the production system, viewed through the prism of the five elements. Chapter 3 Functions and role in operations management presents the issues concerning the organization of production processes, production capacity and inventory management. This part also presents considerations on cooperation and collaboration between enterprises in the process of creating value. Chapter 4 Traditional methods used in operational activities focuses on methods such as benchmarking, outsourcing, core competences, JIT, MPR I and MRP II, as well as TQM and kaizen. Knowledge of these methods should contribute to understanding the activities of modern enterprises, the way of company functioning, the realization of production activities, as well as aspects related to building a competitive position. Chapter 5 Modern methods used in production-operations management discusses the less common and less frequently used production methods, based on a modern and innovative approach. In particular, it was focused on: Shop Floor Control and cooperative manufacturing, environment-conscious manufacturing (ECM) and life-cycle assessment ( LCA), waste management and recycling, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), virtual enterprise, World Class Manufacturing (WCM), Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and House of Quality (HOQ), theory of constraints (TOC), Drum Buffer Rope (DBR), group technology (GT) and cellular manufacturing (CM), Demand Chain Management and competitive intelligence (CI). In the last section discusses: the role of sustainable statistical process control and Computer-Aided Process Planning in context formatting of information management. Chapter 6 Problems of sustainable development and challenges related to production and operations management describes the problem and challenges related to production and operations activities. In particular, attention was paid to the threats related to changes in global warming, the growing scale of waste, or the processes of globalization. It was pointed out that the emerging problem may be both a threat and a chance for the development of enterprises. An integral part of the chapter are also considerations on technical progress, innovation and the importance of human capital in operational activities.