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Academic literature on the topic 'Marketing margin Constraint'
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Journal articles on the topic "Marketing margin Constraint"
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Mohammed, A.B., S.A. Mohammed, A.F. Ayanlere, and O.K. Afolabi. "Evaluation of Poultry Egg Marketing in Kuje Area Council Municipality of F.C.T Abuja, Nigeria." Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 1 (2013): 68–72. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJAS.2013.1.101112111.
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The study was carried out on the Economic analysis of Poultry egg marketing in Kuje Area Council Municipality of Abuja. The Primary Data Used Were Obtained Using Structural Questionnaires administered to 40 egg marketers in the study area. Descriptive Statistics, Marketing Margin Analysis and Gross-Margin were used to analyze the data. The result showed that 95% of the marketers were between 21-50 years, 95.5% were married, and male70% dominated egg marketing. All the marketers 100%had primary education, 87.5% had over five years of experience in egg marketing. Egg marketing in the study area was profitable with about ₦37,500 per month and had a marketing margin of 20% and a return to investment of ₦0.25 on every naira problems of price fluctuation and transportation were identified as the major constraint facing marketers in the study area.
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SA, Rina, Moniruzzaman M, and Khatun MM. "Functioning of Rice Bran Market in Kishoreganj District, Bangladesh: Focused on Market Structure, Conduct and Performance." Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment 03, no. 03 (2022): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3311.
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The commercial rice bran industry in Bangladesh has experienced remarkable growth in the last decade and it continues to grow. However, lack of a wellcoordinated marketing system of agriculture products remains a major constraint in further development of the industry. The focus of the study, therefore, was to assess the structure, conduct and performance of the rice bran market in Kishoreganj district in order to elucidate the performance of the marketing system before any interventions are made to change the existing conditions. The data for the study was sourced from both primary and secondary sources. The study employed descriptive statistics and Gini coefficient to determine the degree of rice bran market concentration in the study area. The gross margin, marketing margin and marketing efficiency was used to measure the performance of the rice bran market in Kishoreganj district. The results of the study showed that the Gini coefficient was 0.495 and 0.493 for wholesalers and retailers respectively, indicating a highly concentrated market hence an oligopoly market structure. The conduct of the market participants, which reflects the behavior of the firms or the decision that firms make relating to their pricing and output policy and other competitive practices, revealed that among rice miller, the two forms of terms of sale were contract selling 10 percent and spot market selling 90 percent. Further, the study found that rice miller attained the highest gross margin of TK 191,000 followed by wholesalers and retailers with TK 10,300 and TK 3,100 respectively. The marketing margin revealed that retailers attained the highest marketing margin of 11 percent while wholesalers had 10 percent. In conclusion, rice bran production and trading in Kishoreganj district is profitable but not to a satisfactory state due to lack of collusive behavior among market participants and availability of market information. The study, therefore, recommends that the Government of Bangladesh should integrated agricultural marketing information system which is linked to rice millers, wholesalers, retailers and final farmers in order to avoid exploitation of high prices.
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Ajibade, Y. E., M. M. Onimisi, A. Yusuf, and A. F. Achor. "Fish processing and marketing among women fish mongers in Ofu Local Government Area, Kogi State, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Science and Practice 7, no. 2 (2022): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/jasp2022.356.
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The study analysed fish processing and marketing among women fish mongers in Ofu Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of women fish mongers, various processing activities carried out by women fish mongers in fish processing and marketing, costs and returns of women fish mongers, factors affecting the profitability of women fish mongers and constraints faced by the respondents in fish processing and marketing. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to randomly select a total of 120 respondents from three major markets from the Local Government Area. Primary data was used for the study through the use of a well-structured questionnaire. Data obtained was analysed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis, multiple regression model and mean score. Majority (75.0%) of the respondent were married with an average age of 43 years. Also, the results indicated an average household size of 6 persons per household and a mean marketing experience of above 10 years. Furthermore, 55.0% of the marketers had primary education. Sorting (100%), washing (100%), packaging (100%), smoking (100%), salting (82.50%), marketing (94.17%), transporting (98.33%), storage (91.67%), folding (93.33%) and slaughtering (72.5%) were major activities carried out by fish mongers. The total return for small fish was ₦12,580.55, ₦15,820.00 for big fish, and ₦20,250.55 for bigger fish per month. This indicates that an average fish monger earned ₦9,281.97 for small fish, ₦8,309.44 for big fish while ₦10,603.12 for bigger fish as gross margin per annum, suggesting that fish marketing is a profitable venture in the study area. Out of the five independent variables included in the model, marketing experience and household size had a significant influence on fish profitability. The major constraint is inadequate credit facility with a mean score of 3.0. Therefore, the Government should encourage fish mongers by giving them soft loans.
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Rahman, Md Mizanur, and Shahnaz Begum Neena. "The Marketing System of Agricultural Products in Bangladesh: A Case Study from Sylhet District." Bangladesh Journal of Public Administration (BJPA) 26, no. 2 (2019): 61–78. https://doi.org/10.36609/bjpa.v26i2.21.
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The monotonous demand for rice in Bangladesh is shifting rapidly. Positive economic growth and urbanization are the key factors behind this change. The agricultural marketing system is traditional and not properly functional. A group of intermediaries controls the market and supply chain of agricultural products. A proper functional market is vital for food producers, processors, traders, and consumers. Bangladesh has become self-sufficient in cereal crop production, but the production of horticultural crops is not sufficient yet. This situation has led to severe bottlenecks in the processes of marketing. The study aimed at assessing the present marketing system of agricultural products in Sylhet and at determining the marketing constraints and potentialities of farm products in this area. It was found that the net marketing margin was the highest in the case of the retailer and the lowest in case of Aratdar. But Return on operating capital was the highest for the Aratdar because they did not need to purchase the product they handle. The farmers identified the high price of seed as the topmost constraint in production and marketing systems. Restructuring of Market Management System and updating regulatory and institutional set up are highly essential for the proper functioning of the market system.
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Singh, P. K., O. P. Singh, Gaurav Thapa, Shiva Seth, and Dharmik Borisagar. "Assessing the Economic Viability and Market Efficiency of Tomato Cultivation under Polyhouse Farming in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND STATISTICAL SCIENCES 20, no. 02 (2024): 473. https://doi.org/10.59467/ijass.2024.20.473.
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This study was carried out to explore the economic and marketing dynamics of tomatoes and to highlight constraints confronted by cultivators in the production and marketing of tomato crop under polyhouse farming within three districts (Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur) of Kathmandu valley of Nepal. A pre-tested interview schedule was employed to survey 174 randomly selected respondents from different levels of marketing functionaries of tomato value chain. The overall cost (Cost C3) of tomato production under poly-house was observed highest in Kathmandu district (NRs. 1893130.63 per hectare) followed by Bhaktapur and Lalitpur which was found NRs. 1787896.50 and NRs. 1672117.91 per hectare, respectively. In terms of total production in kg per hectare, Kathmandu averages 79091.78, Lalitpur stands at 62267.78 and Bhaktapur records 64941.10. The B-C ratio was found to be 2.82 of Kathmandu, 2.32 of Lalitpur, 2.49 of Bhaktapur. Marketing efficiency of channel I, II, III and IV of Kathmandu district was found 708.5, 2.46, 1.90 and 1.62, respectively for Lalitpur, it was found 685.5, 2.23, 1.69 and 1.41 and for Bhaktapur the marketing efficiency was found 749, 2.12, 1.53 and 1.31 for respective channels. Construction material not being timely available was found to be major constraint faced by farmers in construction of polyhouse with a mean score of 66.2 and high infestation of disease and pest was found to be most significant problemstated by cultivators in production and marketing of polyhouse tomatoes followed by low quality of seed, fluctuation in market price which was the other constraints faced by cultivators.. KEYWORDS :Tomato, Polyhouse, Cost concept, B-C ratio, Marketing cost, Marketing margin, Marketing efficiency.
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Kassali, R., DOA Philip, A. O. Yesufu, and S. O. Abdul. "ANALYSIS OF BEEF MARKETING IN LAFIA METROPOLIS OF NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Marketing Studies 2, no. 1 (2018): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jms.234.
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Purpose: The study analysed the marketing of beef in Lafia metropolis. Specifically, the study described the socio-economic characteristics of beef marketers in the area, analysed the market structure for beef, assessed the marketing cost and profit, and estimated the operational efficiency of beef marketing and its determinants. It also identified the constraints faced by beef marketers in the area. Methodology: Data used for the study were generated through administration of well structured questionnaire to 60 respondents made up of 20 wholesalers and 40 retailers randomly selected from 4 major beef markets in the study area. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, budgeting, concentration ratios, Gini coefficient, operational efficiency and regression technique. Results: Results showed variation in marketing cost, marketing margin and marketing profit for both wholesale and retail beef markets. Results also indicated that wholesale beef market operated at a monopoly level while the retail beef market showed perfect competition. The Gini coefficient for wholesalers of 0.47, which is above 0.35 indicates high level of market concentration and high inequality in wholesale beef market, while retail market with a value of 0.29 shows low level of market concentration and low level of inequality. Wholesalers were also more operationally efficient than retailers. The result further showed that transportation cost had significant effects on marketing efficiency for the wholesale market. But transportation cost, record keep, level of education and packaging cost has significant effect on operational efficiency of beef retail market. Results also indicated that marketers both wholesalers and retailers complained of inadequate capital as a very serious constraint; transportation cost and inadequate storage facilities, as serious constraints; risk of spoilage, low patronage as not serious constraints, and market charges as not very serious constraints.
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A.A. Senchi and M.M. Kolo. "Marketing of fuelwood in Bida Local Government Area of Niger state, Nigeria." Journal of Agriculture and Environment 20, no. 1 (2024): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jagrenv.v20i1.28.
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This research analyzed the marketing activities of fuelwood in Bida local government area, Niger State. A multi-stage sampling technique was used for the study. In the first stage, purposive sampling was used to select five districts (Banyagi, Nassarafu, Banwuya, Sabongida, and Bangaie), two markets from four districts and three markets from Banwuya, giving a total number of 11 markets. In the second stage, simple random sampling was used to select 20 respondents from each of the four districts and 40 respondents form Banwuya markets which gave a total sample size of 120 respondents. Structured questionnaire and oral interviews were used to generate data. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and gross profit margin. The result obtained showed that, female (93.3%) are the major actors in the marketing of fuelwood; the average age of the respondents was between 31- 40 years (36.7%), married (67.5%) with household size of 11-15 members (30.8%). Majority had Quranic education (61.7%) and fuelwood business as their occupation (60.0%). Most marketers source their products from the forest (53.3%) and had weekly sale revenue of ₦89,250.00, total cost ₦46,450 and gross profit margin of ₦42,800 per week. However, the return on investment (ROI) showed that, fuelwood marketers incurred 47.96% from their business. Cost of labour and transportation are the major constraint of fuelwood marketers. From this study, fuelwood marketing is a profitable business and has become part and parcel of their daily domestic energy utilization. There is need to identify fast growing tree species that are suitable for burning and the planting of such species should be emphasized.
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Samiee, Saeed, and Patrik Anckar. "Currency Choice in Industrial Pricing: A Cross-National Evaluation." Journal of Marketing 62, no. 3 (1998): 112–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224299806200308.
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In this article, the authors explore the antecedents of currency choice in export transactions by U.S., Swedish, and Finnish firms. Using a framework adapted from exporting literature and negotiation theory, the authors examine relationships between the transaction currency and three sets of constructs, predicated in negotiation and bargaining literature, as well as performance measures. Results indicate a strong relationship between currency choice and process-related and firm characteristic measures. However, situational constraint factors do not exert much influence on transaction currency. The logistic regression model confirms these results with 83% correct classification. The authors demonstrate that the use of foreign currencies is related positively to export volume and transaction value but inversely affects export profit margin.
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Salau, Shehu, and Mohammed Salman. "Economic analysis of tomato marketing in Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 62, no. 2 (2017): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1702179s.
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Marketing of tomatoes is a complex phenomenon due to their perishable nature, seasonality and bulkiness, and as such, tomato production requires an efficient marketing system. Studies on tomato marketing in the study area are rare in the literature. Thus, this study analysed tomato marketing in Kwara State, Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was used in the selection of one hundred and twenty tomato marketers. A well-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data collected were analysed using descriptive, Herfindahl index, costs and returns analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that most (70%) of the marketers were female with mean age of 39.5 years. The Herfindahl index of 0.008 revealed that the tomato market tended toward pure competition. Furthermore, tomato marketing is a profitable venture in the study area with a monthly gross margin of N310,095. The average rate of returns to total investment was 52.6%. This implies that an average profit of N53k was realized on every naira invested in vegetable marketing in the area. Moreover, the regression analysis indicated that about 96% of the total variation in net returns was explained by the independent variables. The study revealed that purchase cost, labour cost, transport cost and marketing experience were important in determining the net returns of tomato marketers. Most (30%) of the respondents identified finance to be their major constraint. This study therefore recommends that tomato marketers should pool their resources to reap the benefits of economies of scale. Also, policies and strategies that lower marketing cost should be vigorously pursued.
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Tesfaye, Mekonnen Aklilu. "The Production and Marketing of Teff in Ethiopia." Journal of Economics and Trade 9, no. 2 (2024): 39–49. https://doi.org/10.56557/jet/2024/v9i29020.
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Aim: In Ethiopia, Teff is an important cereal crop, 24.02% of all land under civilization is covered by Teff and contributes 17.57% to grain products, which is the alternative coming from maize. The country productivity of Teff was 1.756 tons/ hectare. Between 2004 and 2014, 6.2 million farmers produced teff out of the 12 million small-scale farmers in the nation. Teff is primarily full-grown in the Amhara (40.59%) and Oromiya (46.57%) regions of Ethiopia, with smaller amounts also produced in Tigray (5.64%) and the South Nation and Nationalities People (6.68%) regions. The main objective this review is to investigate teff production and marketing in Ethiopia. Methods: A systematic review article was established using a systematic review of related literature from various sources in order to review this paper. Most papers are systematically investigated from different international listed journals using keyword selections similar as teff production and constraint, market actors of teff market, and value chain of teff that have connection with the production and marketing of teff. Results: High input costs, soil erosion, weeds, the presence of diseases, and limited credit access are the main obstacles to teff production. Producers, farmer dealers, city collectors, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers are the majority of Teff's market participants. The country's average selling price, gross margin, and gross returns are 2180.4, 157.2, and 141.24 birr per hectare, respectively. Lack of market information, multiple taxes, shaky market connections, lack of infrastructure, subpar storing and processing, and low development strategies for commodities are the main obstacles to teff marketing. Conclusion: To establish a clear teff market expansion for the benefit of all market players, regulations about the efficient or sufficient delivery of agricultural inputs, the development of infrastructure, and the implementation of suitable pricing methods are very essential to raise the production and productivity teff in Ethiopia.
Book chapters on the topic "Marketing margin Constraint"
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Bosede Adeoye, Iyabo. "Market Performance and Structure of Cucumber in Ibadan, Oyo State." In Studies on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96187.
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Cucumber is an important vegetable due to its numerous health benefits. There are a number of empirical studies on the economics of production of the commodity, but there is insufficient information on marketing of the commodity. The study was therefore carried out to examine market performance, structure and constraints in cucumber marketing. Primary data was collected from 70 randomly selected actors in the supply chain (54 Retailers and 16 wholesalers). Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics, net marketing margin, efficiency and Gini coefficient. Findings revealed that most of the retailers (70.4%) and wholesalers (81.3%) were male. Most of the retailers were within 31–40 years whereas majority of the wholesalers were within 41–50 years and all the marketers had secondary level of education (47.2%). Cucumber marketing was profitable at the wholesale and retail level both at the peak and lean season of cucumber production. Retailers sell an average of 159.8 kg and 83.8 kg weekly in the peak and lean season. Whereas wholesalers sell an average of 1,000 kg and 870 kg weekly in the peak and lean season respectively. Net margin at retail level was higher in the lean season (68.8/kg) compared to the peak season (46.6/kg). Similarly, at wholesale level, net marketing margin at the lean season was 17.5/kg and was higher than 6.3/kg obtained during the peak season. Marketing efficiency was greater than one for the wholesalers and retailers in both seasons. Gini coefficient of retailer was 0.32 and 0.36 for the peak and lean season indicating that the market was competitive. There was inequality in the wholesale market as indicated by the gini coefficient result. The most important constraint to cucumber marketing was perishability of the produce and price fluctuation. The study recommends improved sensitization on adequate post-harvest handling practices and storage to reduce the levels and consequences of the perishable nature of the commodity.
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McMahon, Fiona, and Aodheen O’Donnell. "Electronic Customer Relationship Management and SME Marketing Practice." In Business Information Systems. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-969-9.ch123.
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Evidence suggests that small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs) have failed to capitalize on the Internet to facilitate the management of customer relations (e-CRM) and the creation of competitive advantage (Chen & Popovich, 2003; Geiger & Martin, 1999; McGowan et al., 2001; O’Toole, 2001). This is attributed to a lack of influence, time, finance and specialised knowledge, (Carson & Gilmore, 2003) coupled with the reality that most Information Systems and Technology models and tools have been developed from the perspective of the large firm (Maguire et al., 2007; Poon & Swatman, 1999). Despite such constraints, it is posited that by exploring the components of e-CRM in the unique context of SME business and marketing practice that a natural synergy exists between e-CRM and SME marketing in the creation of value propositions. Specifically this is addressed through the two contributing constructs of SME marketing; namely entrepreneurial marketing and network marketing (Carson & Gilmore, 2000).
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Okello, Julius Juma, Edith Ofwona-Adera, Oliver L. E. Mbatia, and Ruth M. Okello. "Using ICT to Integrate Smallholder Farmers into Agricultural Value Chain." In Technology, Sustainability, and Rural Development in Africa. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3607-1.ch004.
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This article examines an ICT-based intervention (known as the DrumNet project) that has succeeded in integrating smallholder-resource and poor farmers into a higher value agricultural chain. The article assesses the design of the project, and how it resolves the smallholder farmers’ idiosyncratic market failures and examines member-farmers’ marketing margins. The article finds that the design of the DrumNet project resolves smallholder farmers’ credit, insurance and information market failures and enables them to overcome organizational failure. The article concludes that successful ICT-based interventions for integrating farmers into higher value agricultural value chains require an integrated approach to tackling smallholder farmers’ constraints. The findings have implications for the design of future ICT-based interventions in agriculture.