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1
Mohammed, A.B., S.A. Mohammed, A.F. Ayanlere, and O.K. Afolabi. "Evaluation of Poultry Egg Marketing in Kuje Area Council Municipality of F.C.T Abuja, Nigeria." Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 1 (2013): 68–72. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJAS.2013.1.101112111.
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The study was carried out on the Economic analysis of Poultry egg marketing in Kuje Area Council Municipality of Abuja. The Primary Data Used Were Obtained Using Structural Questionnaires administered to 40 egg marketers in the study area. Descriptive Statistics, Marketing Margin Analysis and Gross-Margin were used to analyze the data. The result showed that 95% of the marketers were between 21-50 years, 95.5% were married, and male70% dominated egg marketing. All the marketers 100%had primary education, 87.5% had over five years of experience in egg marketing. Egg marketing in the study area was profitable with about ₦37,500 per month and had a marketing margin of 20% and a return to investment of ₦0.25 on every naira problems of price fluctuation and transportation were identified as the major constraint facing marketers in the study area.
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SA, Rina, Moniruzzaman M, and Khatun MM. "Functioning of Rice Bran Market in Kishoreganj District, Bangladesh: Focused on Market Structure, Conduct and Performance." Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment 03, no. 03 (2022): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3311.
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The commercial rice bran industry in Bangladesh has experienced remarkable growth in the last decade and it continues to grow. However, lack of a wellcoordinated marketing system of agriculture products remains a major constraint in further development of the industry. The focus of the study, therefore, was to assess the structure, conduct and performance of the rice bran market in Kishoreganj district in order to elucidate the performance of the marketing system before any interventions are made to change the existing conditions. The data for the study was sourced from both primary and secondary sources. The study employed descriptive statistics and Gini coefficient to determine the degree of rice bran market concentration in the study area. The gross margin, marketing margin and marketing efficiency was used to measure the performance of the rice bran market in Kishoreganj district. The results of the study showed that the Gini coefficient was 0.495 and 0.493 for wholesalers and retailers respectively, indicating a highly concentrated market hence an oligopoly market structure. The conduct of the market participants, which reflects the behavior of the firms or the decision that firms make relating to their pricing and output policy and other competitive practices, revealed that among rice miller, the two forms of terms of sale were contract selling 10 percent and spot market selling 90 percent. Further, the study found that rice miller attained the highest gross margin of TK 191,000 followed by wholesalers and retailers with TK 10,300 and TK 3,100 respectively. The marketing margin revealed that retailers attained the highest marketing margin of 11 percent while wholesalers had 10 percent. In conclusion, rice bran production and trading in Kishoreganj district is profitable but not to a satisfactory state due to lack of collusive behavior among market participants and availability of market information. The study, therefore, recommends that the Government of Bangladesh should integrated agricultural marketing information system which is linked to rice millers, wholesalers, retailers and final farmers in order to avoid exploitation of high prices.
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Ajibade, Y. E., M. M. Onimisi, A. Yusuf, and A. F. Achor. "Fish processing and marketing among women fish mongers in Ofu Local Government Area, Kogi State, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Science and Practice 7, no. 2 (2022): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/jasp2022.356.
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The study analysed fish processing and marketing among women fish mongers in Ofu Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of women fish mongers, various processing activities carried out by women fish mongers in fish processing and marketing, costs and returns of women fish mongers, factors affecting the profitability of women fish mongers and constraints faced by the respondents in fish processing and marketing. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to randomly select a total of 120 respondents from three major markets from the Local Government Area. Primary data was used for the study through the use of a well-structured questionnaire. Data obtained was analysed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis, multiple regression model and mean score. Majority (75.0%) of the respondent were married with an average age of 43 years. Also, the results indicated an average household size of 6 persons per household and a mean marketing experience of above 10 years. Furthermore, 55.0% of the marketers had primary education. Sorting (100%), washing (100%), packaging (100%), smoking (100%), salting (82.50%), marketing (94.17%), transporting (98.33%), storage (91.67%), folding (93.33%) and slaughtering (72.5%) were major activities carried out by fish mongers. The total return for small fish was ₦12,580.55, ₦15,820.00 for big fish, and ₦20,250.55 for bigger fish per month. This indicates that an average fish monger earned ₦9,281.97 for small fish, ₦8,309.44 for big fish while ₦10,603.12 for bigger fish as gross margin per annum, suggesting that fish marketing is a profitable venture in the study area. Out of the five independent variables included in the model, marketing experience and household size had a significant influence on fish profitability. The major constraint is inadequate credit facility with a mean score of 3.0. Therefore, the Government should encourage fish mongers by giving them soft loans.
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Rahman, Md Mizanur, and Shahnaz Begum Neena. "The Marketing System of Agricultural Products in Bangladesh: A Case Study from Sylhet District." Bangladesh Journal of Public Administration (BJPA) 26, no. 2 (2019): 61–78. https://doi.org/10.36609/bjpa.v26i2.21.
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The monotonous demand for rice in Bangladesh is shifting rapidly. Positive economic growth and urbanization are the key factors behind this change. The agricultural marketing system is traditional and not properly functional. A group of intermediaries controls the market and supply chain of agricultural products. A proper functional market is vital for food producers, processors, traders, and consumers. Bangladesh has become self-sufficient in cereal crop production, but the production of horticultural crops is not sufficient yet. This situation has led to severe bottlenecks in the processes of marketing. The study aimed at assessing the present marketing system of agricultural products in Sylhet and at determining the marketing constraints and potentialities of farm products in this area. It was found that the net marketing margin was the highest in the case of the retailer and the lowest in case of Aratdar. But Return on operating capital was the highest for the Aratdar because they did not need to purchase the product they handle. The farmers identified the high price of seed as the topmost constraint in production and marketing systems. Restructuring of Market Management System and updating regulatory and institutional set up are highly essential for the proper functioning of the market system.
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Singh, P. K., O. P. Singh, Gaurav Thapa, Shiva Seth, and Dharmik Borisagar. "Assessing the Economic Viability and Market Efficiency of Tomato Cultivation under Polyhouse Farming in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND STATISTICAL SCIENCES 20, no. 02 (2024): 473. https://doi.org/10.59467/ijass.2024.20.473.
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This study was carried out to explore the economic and marketing dynamics of tomatoes and to highlight constraints confronted by cultivators in the production and marketing of tomato crop under polyhouse farming within three districts (Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur) of Kathmandu valley of Nepal. A pre-tested interview schedule was employed to survey 174 randomly selected respondents from different levels of marketing functionaries of tomato value chain. The overall cost (Cost C3) of tomato production under poly-house was observed highest in Kathmandu district (NRs. 1893130.63 per hectare) followed by Bhaktapur and Lalitpur which was found NRs. 1787896.50 and NRs. 1672117.91 per hectare, respectively. In terms of total production in kg per hectare, Kathmandu averages 79091.78, Lalitpur stands at 62267.78 and Bhaktapur records 64941.10. The B-C ratio was found to be 2.82 of Kathmandu, 2.32 of Lalitpur, 2.49 of Bhaktapur. Marketing efficiency of channel I, II, III and IV of Kathmandu district was found 708.5, 2.46, 1.90 and 1.62, respectively for Lalitpur, it was found 685.5, 2.23, 1.69 and 1.41 and for Bhaktapur the marketing efficiency was found 749, 2.12, 1.53 and 1.31 for respective channels. Construction material not being timely available was found to be major constraint faced by farmers in construction of polyhouse with a mean score of 66.2 and high infestation of disease and pest was found to be most significant problemstated by cultivators in production and marketing of polyhouse tomatoes followed by low quality of seed, fluctuation in market price which was the other constraints faced by cultivators.. KEYWORDS :Tomato, Polyhouse, Cost concept, B-C ratio, Marketing cost, Marketing margin, Marketing efficiency.
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Kassali, R., DOA Philip, A. O. Yesufu, and S. O. Abdul. "ANALYSIS OF BEEF MARKETING IN LAFIA METROPOLIS OF NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Marketing Studies 2, no. 1 (2018): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jms.234.
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Purpose: The study analysed the marketing of beef in Lafia metropolis. Specifically, the study described the socio-economic characteristics of beef marketers in the area, analysed the market structure for beef, assessed the marketing cost and profit, and estimated the operational efficiency of beef marketing and its determinants. It also identified the constraints faced by beef marketers in the area. Methodology: Data used for the study were generated through administration of well structured questionnaire to 60 respondents made up of 20 wholesalers and 40 retailers randomly selected from 4 major beef markets in the study area. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, budgeting, concentration ratios, Gini coefficient, operational efficiency and regression technique. Results: Results showed variation in marketing cost, marketing margin and marketing profit for both wholesale and retail beef markets. Results also indicated that wholesale beef market operated at a monopoly level while the retail beef market showed perfect competition. The Gini coefficient for wholesalers of 0.47, which is above 0.35 indicates high level of market concentration and high inequality in wholesale beef market, while retail market with a value of 0.29 shows low level of market concentration and low level of inequality. Wholesalers were also more operationally efficient than retailers. The result further showed that transportation cost had significant effects on marketing efficiency for the wholesale market. But transportation cost, record keep, level of education and packaging cost has significant effect on operational efficiency of beef retail market. Results also indicated that marketers both wholesalers and retailers complained of inadequate capital as a very serious constraint; transportation cost and inadequate storage facilities, as serious constraints; risk of spoilage, low patronage as not serious constraints, and market charges as not very serious constraints.
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A.A. Senchi and M.M. Kolo. "Marketing of fuelwood in Bida Local Government Area of Niger state, Nigeria." Journal of Agriculture and Environment 20, no. 1 (2024): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jagrenv.v20i1.28.
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This research analyzed the marketing activities of fuelwood in Bida local government area, Niger State. A multi-stage sampling technique was used for the study. In the first stage, purposive sampling was used to select five districts (Banyagi, Nassarafu, Banwuya, Sabongida, and Bangaie), two markets from four districts and three markets from Banwuya, giving a total number of 11 markets. In the second stage, simple random sampling was used to select 20 respondents from each of the four districts and 40 respondents form Banwuya markets which gave a total sample size of 120 respondents. Structured questionnaire and oral interviews were used to generate data. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and gross profit margin. The result obtained showed that, female (93.3%) are the major actors in the marketing of fuelwood; the average age of the respondents was between 31- 40 years (36.7%), married (67.5%) with household size of 11-15 members (30.8%). Majority had Quranic education (61.7%) and fuelwood business as their occupation (60.0%). Most marketers source their products from the forest (53.3%) and had weekly sale revenue of ₦89,250.00, total cost ₦46,450 and gross profit margin of ₦42,800 per week. However, the return on investment (ROI) showed that, fuelwood marketers incurred 47.96% from their business. Cost of labour and transportation are the major constraint of fuelwood marketers. From this study, fuelwood marketing is a profitable business and has become part and parcel of their daily domestic energy utilization. There is need to identify fast growing tree species that are suitable for burning and the planting of such species should be emphasized.
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Samiee, Saeed, and Patrik Anckar. "Currency Choice in Industrial Pricing: A Cross-National Evaluation." Journal of Marketing 62, no. 3 (1998): 112–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224299806200308.
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In this article, the authors explore the antecedents of currency choice in export transactions by U.S., Swedish, and Finnish firms. Using a framework adapted from exporting literature and negotiation theory, the authors examine relationships between the transaction currency and three sets of constructs, predicated in negotiation and bargaining literature, as well as performance measures. Results indicate a strong relationship between currency choice and process-related and firm characteristic measures. However, situational constraint factors do not exert much influence on transaction currency. The logistic regression model confirms these results with 83% correct classification. The authors demonstrate that the use of foreign currencies is related positively to export volume and transaction value but inversely affects export profit margin.
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Salau, Shehu, and Mohammed Salman. "Economic analysis of tomato marketing in Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 62, no. 2 (2017): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1702179s.
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Marketing of tomatoes is a complex phenomenon due to their perishable nature, seasonality and bulkiness, and as such, tomato production requires an efficient marketing system. Studies on tomato marketing in the study area are rare in the literature. Thus, this study analysed tomato marketing in Kwara State, Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was used in the selection of one hundred and twenty tomato marketers. A well-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data collected were analysed using descriptive, Herfindahl index, costs and returns analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that most (70%) of the marketers were female with mean age of 39.5 years. The Herfindahl index of 0.008 revealed that the tomato market tended toward pure competition. Furthermore, tomato marketing is a profitable venture in the study area with a monthly gross margin of N310,095. The average rate of returns to total investment was 52.6%. This implies that an average profit of N53k was realized on every naira invested in vegetable marketing in the area. Moreover, the regression analysis indicated that about 96% of the total variation in net returns was explained by the independent variables. The study revealed that purchase cost, labour cost, transport cost and marketing experience were important in determining the net returns of tomato marketers. Most (30%) of the respondents identified finance to be their major constraint. This study therefore recommends that tomato marketers should pool their resources to reap the benefits of economies of scale. Also, policies and strategies that lower marketing cost should be vigorously pursued.
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Tesfaye, Mekonnen Aklilu. "The Production and Marketing of Teff in Ethiopia." Journal of Economics and Trade 9, no. 2 (2024): 39–49. https://doi.org/10.56557/jet/2024/v9i29020.
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Aim: In Ethiopia, Teff is an important cereal crop, 24.02% of all land under civilization is covered by Teff and contributes 17.57% to grain products, which is the alternative coming from maize. The country productivity of Teff was 1.756 tons/ hectare. Between 2004 and 2014, 6.2 million farmers produced teff out of the 12 million small-scale farmers in the nation. Teff is primarily full-grown in the Amhara (40.59%) and Oromiya (46.57%) regions of Ethiopia, with smaller amounts also produced in Tigray (5.64%) and the South Nation and Nationalities People (6.68%) regions. The main objective this review is to investigate teff production and marketing in Ethiopia. Methods: A systematic review article was established using a systematic review of related literature from various sources in order to review this paper. Most papers are systematically investigated from different international listed journals using keyword selections similar as teff production and constraint, market actors of teff market, and value chain of teff that have connection with the production and marketing of teff. Results: High input costs, soil erosion, weeds, the presence of diseases, and limited credit access are the main obstacles to teff production. Producers, farmer dealers, city collectors, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers are the majority of Teff's market participants. The country's average selling price, gross margin, and gross returns are 2180.4, 157.2, and 141.24 birr per hectare, respectively. Lack of market information, multiple taxes, shaky market connections, lack of infrastructure, subpar storing and processing, and low development strategies for commodities are the main obstacles to teff marketing. Conclusion: To establish a clear teff market expansion for the benefit of all market players, regulations about the efficient or sufficient delivery of agricultural inputs, the development of infrastructure, and the implementation of suitable pricing methods are very essential to raise the production and productivity teff in Ethiopia.
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Darko-Koomson, Samuel, Robert Aidoo, and Tahirou Abdoulaye. "Analysis of cassava value chain in Ghana: implications for upgrading smallholder supply systems." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 10, no. 2 (2020): 217–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-05-2019-0066.
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PurposeCommercialization of cassava is increasing because of increased urban demand for processed products and increased recognition of the industrial potential of the crop. This study aims to examine the cassava value chain in Ghana and its implications for upgrading.Design/methodology/approachA combination of purposive, simple random and snowball sampling methods was adopted to select key actors in the cassava value chain. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data. Analysis of the data was largely descriptive, except for profitability of cassava production in selected regions, which was examined by employing gross and net marketing margin analysis. A comprehensive value chain map was generated to show the different product pathways for cassava from the farm gate to the final consumer, and roles of key value chain actors and their relationships were summarized through simple narrations.FindingsEvidence has shown chains of more than four different channels through which fresh cassava roots move from the farm gate to final consumers. Production of cassava in Ghana is profitable, generating positive net marketing margins across major producing centres. Processing of cassava has both dry and wet/fresh value chains depending on the derived products for the final consumer. There is weak governance system in the cassava value chain in Ghana as majority of actors use spot market transactions in dealing with trading partners. The use of standardized grading and weighing system is very limited in the chain, and limited access to credit is a critical constraint to value chain upgrading.Research limitations/implicationsWith the exception of results from the profitability analysis of producers, the findings on marketing margins of other value chain actors may not be generalizable. Future studies could determine the profitability associated with cassava value-adding activities like processing into various forms and explore the possibility of converting waste from processing into energy.Practical implicationsThe study includes implications that focus on product and process upgrading efforts by smallholders in the cassava value chain. This paper recommends innovative financing models for smallholders to improve access to microcredit via internal and external funding sources.Originality/valueThis paper reveals specific intervention areas in which smallholders can direct efforts in an attempt to improve the cassava value chain through product, process and functional upgrading.
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Raj Dahal, Bhishma, and Swodesh Rijal. "Ginger value chain analysis: A case of smallholder ginger production and marketing in hills of central Nepal." Agricultural Science and Technology 12, no. 1 (2020): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2020.01.006.
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Abstract. Having high export potential and profitable to farmers, Ginger is an important spice crop of hills of central Nepal; however, ginger farmers continue to experience low productivity and were forced to share large profit with unscrupulous traders; further, they are traumatized by fluctuation of price and other problems. In this context, a study was undertaken in Sindhuli, a part of Central Nepal for analyzing value chain of ginger. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was administered among 120 randomly selected farmers and 10 traders involved in ginger enterprise for the past two years. A face-to-face interview was scheduled to obtain data during October-November, 2018. Compound annual growth analysis revealed that area, production and yield of ginger were increasing at the rate of 1.73%, 1.65% and 0.95%, respectively, over the last seven years and price of ginger, over the past thirteen years, increasing at the rate of 3.28%. Value chain analysis revealed that producer, traders (wholesaler and exporter), retailer and consumer were the major actors involved. Farmers received substantial margin – 55% of the retail price, but the rest of the profit was shared to unscrupulous traders. B/C ratio of ginger farming in the study area was 2.42 revealing that ginger farming was a profitable business; with investment of Rs1.0 (0.0088US$) in ginger, farmers earned additional 1.42 rupees. Low productivity of ginger in the research area was caused by severe incidence of rhizome rot. In addition, price fluctuation, lack of processing and storing infrastructure, timely unavailability of rhizome seed, paucity of improved variety, and lack of farmers’ knowledge on improved cultivation practices were the major constraint of ginger farming. Overall, our study points out that solving the constraints, accessing new market, and organizing co-operatives are crucial for sustainable value chain development.
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Mukaila, Ridwan, Angela Ebere Obetta, Festus EluwandeDurojaye Awoyelu, Chinedum Jachinma Chiemela, and Anthony Onyedika Ugwu. "Marketing Analysis of Vegetables: The Case of Carrot and Cucumber Marketing in Enugu State, Nigeria." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, no. 2 (2021): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i2.346-351.4000.
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Agricultural marketing plays a vital role in economic development and livelihood of people in developing countries. Marketing of agricultural products which provide income to most farmers and marketers in Nigeria has been characterised with a lot of deficiencies which have constrained sustainable development and economic growth. This study, therefore, analysed carrot and cucumber marketing including constraints to their effective marketing in Enugu State, Nigeria. Data collected, primarily, were analysed using descriptive statistics, marketing margin and Likert type rating technique. The result shows that vegetable marketing was dominated by females (65%) who were still in their economically active age and did not belong to a cooperative society. Half of them perform a retail marketing function, 30% perform both retail and wholesale functions while 20% perform wholesale function. Vegetable marketing contributed to marketers’ income by providing N25,667.7 (USD 66.93) per month on average. The marketing margins were 26.30% and 20.18% for cucumber and carrot, respectively. The high cost of shop rent, high transportation cost, low capital, price fluctuation, poor credit facilities and a low supply of vegetables due to seasonal variation were the major constraints faced by vegetable marketers. Vegetable marketers, therefore, need support by providing affordable credit facilities and building of modern market stalls by the government. This would give them a conducive and hygienic environment. Also, vegetable marketers should form a cooperative society where they can pool resources and get financial assistance. This would lead to efficient marketing of the product.
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A A, GHIDE, ALI F T, and RABIU M M. "Assessment of Women Local Cucumber (Ngulli) Marketers in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria." JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 8, no. 1 (2022): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.56160/jaeess202281007.
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The study assessed local Cucumber (Ngulli) marketing among women in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the women cucumber marketers, estimate the marketing margins, examine their marketing channels and constraints faced in marketing in the study area. Two stage sampling was used to select 50 respondents from the study area. Descriptive statistical tools and marketing margin analysis were the analytical tools used for the study. The results of the study revealed that all the respondents were retailers handling less than a bag of cucumber, majority (74%) within the age range of 21-40, married (80%) with Qur’anic education (76%) and had income between ₦20,000-₦50,000 (60%). The respondents bought cucumber directly from the farm gate (50%) and sell directly to consumers (90%). The results for the marketing margin revealed a margin of 25.03%. The major constraints faced were lack of financial support, seasonal scarcity of cucumber and high purchase price. The study recommends that the marketers should form cooperatives or associations in order to enjoy economies of scale such as in transportation, access to credit and bulk purchase. Also, Financial support specifically for the women marketers by the government, NGO’s and financial institutions would go a long way in increasing their scale, returns and would ease some of the problems encountered in marketing.
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Solomon, Adimasu. "Value chain analysis of wheat the case of selected Woreda of Hadiya zone, central regional state of Ethiopia." Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) 25, no. 2 (2024): 181–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15394366.
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In developing countries there are different factors which limit capacity of farmers in the marketing of their produce and earn little market margins while other actors along the chain have the power to determine prices paid and thus extract marketing margins. The study was aimed at analysing value chain of wheat the case of selected woreda of Hadiya zone with objectives of identifying wheat value chain actors and defining their roles, analysing market margin of actors, and constraints in the chain. The cross sectional survey design and multi-stage sampling techniques were implemented. The data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary data were collected from randomly selected 180 producers’ farmers. The results indicate that the main value chain actors are input suppliers, farmers, collectors, wholesalers, processors, retailers and consumers. The producer’s share of the consumer price was found to be the highest in channel-III, with share of 78.9% and lowest total gross market margin was 21.1%. This reflects that channel-III provide producers with better share of value created. Constraints at the production level were shortage of improved seed, weak extension service, prevalence of pest and disease, unseasonal rainfall. The major wheat marketing constraints were weak market linkage, low price during harvesting time, insufficient handling, poor quality wheat and lack of modern storage canters in the production area. published by the <strong> Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)</strong>
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Abduselam, Faris, and Shumeta Zekarias. "Value chain analysis of Potato in Dedo district of Jimma zone, Ethiopia." International Journal of Business Management and Technology 2, no. 6 (2023): 43–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7655505.
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Potato is number one non-grain food commodity of the world. Even though, Ethiopia has favorable ecology, the production of potato is characterized by poor seed quality, low skills of farmers, diseases, high post-harvest losses and poor organization along chain. The study is aimed to identify potato value chain actors and their roles and analyze marketing margins for actor. For this study 136 potato producers were randomly selected, 5wholesalers, 8collectors, 12 retailers and 6 small scale processors were purposively selected. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze data, chain mapping was implemented to identify actors and their supply linkage. Margin analysis was used to estimate value gained by each actors involved in potato value chain. The identified actors were input suppliers, producers, wholesalers, retailers, small scale processors and consumers. Supporting actors were office of agriculture, irrigation, micro finance, cooperatives, trade and market development, NGOs and bank. The margin analysis revealed that 65.01%, 12.29%, 9.78%, 8.27%, 3.27% share of margin goes to small scale potato processors, potato producers, retailers, wholesalers and collectors respectively. The major constraints were high price of seed, poor infrastructure, interferences of brokers, low storage facilities, weak linkage, disease and pests. The opportunities were suitable agro-ecology and government support. Strengthening the linkage among actors, providing training on storage construction and disease control, improving bargaining power of producers and initiate small scale processors were recommended to improve potato value chain
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Pal, Govind, A. Jaiswal, and A. Bhattacharya. "An analysis of price spread in marketing of lac in Madhya Pradesh." Indian Journal of Forestry 32, no. 4 (2009): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2009-4p8e09.
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The present paper examines the marketing costs and price spread in marketing of lac in the state of Madhya Pradesh. Two major lac producing districts i.e. Seoni and Balaghat have been selected randomly for the present study. Regarding data collection on marketing costs, margins and constraints in lac marketing, ten of each category viz. lac growers, market functionaries and manufacturers were randomly selected and interviewed during 2005-2006. Primary data have been collected from the respondents with the help of pre-tested schedule. Tabular analysis was used for the present work. The lac grower received Rs. 66 per kg. and the lac grower’s share in consumers price was 76.92 per cent. The primary purchaser received a margin of Rs. 212 per quintal and incurred Rs. 88 per quintal on marketing cost. The total marketing cost paid by the wholesaler was Rs. 1,506 per quintal. The wholesaler’s marketing margin was Rs. 174 per quintal. Arhat charges were 3 per cent of the transacted amount. The study has revealed that there is a tremendous scope to increase the profitability of lac growers in the study area by group marketing, co-operative marketing, establishment of processing units in the lac production catchments, provision of infra structural facility for marketing, strengthening of market extension network and promotion of quality consciousness amongst farmers, traders and manufacturers of lac.
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Tamirat, Girma, and Philipos Muluken. "Analysis of Apple Fruit Value Chain in Southern Ethiopia; the Case of Chencha District." Greener Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science 6, no. 3 (2018): 26–34. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJPBCS.2018.3.100218043.
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<strong>Ethiopia imported 1,328 tons of apple fruit valued 1,776,000 US dollar in 2016 and the import grows by 27% yearly. The study assessed the performance of apple fruit value chain produced in Chencha district and identified constraints along the chain. Multi stage sampling technique was employed to select 226 apple fruit producers from the district. Snowball sampling method was employed to collect primary data from the chain actors. A total of 4 collectors, 5 cooperatives, 2 assemblers, 2 wholesalers and 15 retailers were interviewed to pinpoint the performance of the chain. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data and supplemented by qualitative data obtained from the key informants and focus group discussion. Accordingly, highest marketing cost per <em>kuintal</em> of apple fruit was incurred by cooperatives (468.35 birr). About 97%, 71% and 54% of marketing cost of cooperatives, small collectors and district assemblers accounted to market searching cost respectively. Producers were more profitable and obtained the highest producers gross marketing margin when they sold apple through cooperatives. </strong><strong>Poor agronomic management, lack of inputs, lack of organic certification, lack of proper harvesting and post-harvest handling, theft and rodent were major production constraints identified. Whereas unripe fruit trade, illegal trade, seasonality of supply and poor market coordination were major marketing constraints in the chain. W</strong><strong>holesale traders play a key role through balancing and controlling the supply and demand of the fruit. Therefore, it is necessary to create highland fruit marketing union to alleviate demonstrated marketing constraints. The </strong><strong>government should work to alleviate the production constraints so that producers can be benefited from apple fruit production.</strong>
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Ngbede, S.O, B.C Usifo, U. Onyegbule, and A. Ohaneje. "PROFITABILITY AND CONSTRAINTS OF GARDEN-EGG PRODUCTION IN ISIALA-NGWA AREA OF ABIA STATE." Continental J. Agricultural Economics 7, no. 1 (2013): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.810370.
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The study examined the profitability and constraints encountered by garden-egg farmers in Isiala-Ngwa areas of Abia State. A multi-stage purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the 118 respondents used in the study out of a total of 1180 farmers. Descriptive statistic and gross margin analysis were employed to analyze the data from the study area. The study revealed that the 3 categories of farmers, that is, those cultivating less than I hectare had a gross margin of N70, 370.30 while those cultivating between 1 to 4 hectare had a gross margin of N197, 866.00 and for all those cultivating garden-egg in the area had a gross margin of N338, 606.08, with productivity index of 1.93, 1.67 and 1.75 respectively, indicating a positive return on investment. Also revealed are the various perceived constraints of the farmers which include, storage facilities, marketing problem, pest and diseases etc. from the viewpoint of this study, garden-egg production is a profitable enterprise in the study area.
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Keshav, kant Thakur Jayant Zechariah and Anish Kumar Rai. "THE MARKETING EFFICIENCY, MARKETING COST, MARKETING MARGIN AND PRICE SPREAD OF MAKHANA AND THE CONSTRAINTS, SUGGESTIONS FOR MAKHANA GROWER IN THE STUDY AREA." Multilogic in science xiii, no. xxxxvi (2023): 727–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7885362.
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Makhana or gorgon nut(Euryale ferox) is an aquatic crop belongs to Nymphaeaceae family and is grown in some district of North Bihar. The present study was under taken to study overview of marketing cost, marketing margin and price spread, constraints faced by farmers in Darbhanga district of Bihar. Combination of purposive stratified and random sampling technique were used for market functionaries and farmer selection were required for the purpose of the study. The data for the present study pertained to agriculture year 2021-2022. Secondary data was collected from secondary source like Market intermediate, market committee office, Research centre for makhana etc. The results revealed that on an average the marketing cost of the four different channel i.e, channel I, II, III, IV are Rs. 180.5, Rs. 335.5, Rs 786.5, and Rs. 1259. The average market margin of four different channel are Rs 50, Rs 240, Rs 680 and marketing efficiency of different channels are 20.39%, 11.99%, 5.53% & 4.95%. Cultivation of makhana has immense potential for enhancing the economic status of mallah community who are particularly engaged in its cultivation. Makhana cultivation is promoted to state government along with NRC, Darbhanga and training cum demonstration programme on cultivation practices should be imparted for efficient cultivation. Cultivation of makhana is fully organic and it should be promoted in developed countries of the world to increase export.
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Ahmed, M. A., and A. Idris. "Performance of Groundnut Marketing in Song Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria." JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 7, no. 2 (2021): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.56160/jaeess202172023.
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The study analyzed groundnut marketing in Song Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Primary data were used for the study and were collected from two major markets, and three local markets that were purposively selected for the study. The major markets selected were Song main market and Dumne market, while the local markets selected were Golantabal, Loko and Murke (Bariki) markets. Random sampling was used in selecting 39 wholesalers and 101 retailers from these markets. The analytical tools used were frequency distribution tables, Gross and Marketing Margin analyses and Marketing Efficiency. The findings revealed that groundnut marketing is profitable with a gross margin of N25,427.58 and N550,817.94 per week for retailers and wholesalers respectively. The marketing margins for retailers and wholesalers were estimated at 18.28% and 15.97% shares respectively, while their corresponding marketing efficiencies were estimated at 114.5% and 115.5% respectively, this is an indication of good market performance. The major constraints affecting groundnut marketers include lack of credit facilities (77%) and high cost of transportation (71%). The study recommends that lending agencies should provide more credit facilities to groundnut marketers at concessionary rates to boost their business activities. Also, feeder roads should be rehabilitated/constructed to reduce transportation cost; storage facilities should be provided in the market places by the government, non-governmental associations and other market associations so as to reduce losses of the commodity in storage which causes price fluctuation.
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Kolo, A., Mohammed, I., and Sani, R. M. "ECONOMICS OF SHEEP MARKETING IN DAMBAM LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Agripreneurship and Sustainable Development 2, no. 1 (2019): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.59331/jasd.v2i1.59.
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The study examined economics of sheep marketing in Dambam Local Government Area of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique, which consists of purposive and random sampling, was used to collect data from 1890 respondents for the period of 37 weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, linear multiple regression and marketing margin techniques. The marketing margins were N 3,142 (mean), N 3,000 (minimum) and N 13,000 (maximum) per head. The respective traders net income were N 1,453(mean), N 2,650(minimum) and N 10,380(maximum) per head. The result of linear multiple regression analysis revealed that 65% variation in the selling price of sheep was accounted for by the included independent variables. The major constraints to sheep marketing in the study area were insecurity, poor road, lack of access to credit and lack of standard unit of measurement. The study concluded that sheep marketing was profitable in the study area. The study recommended that government should encourage youth to venture into the business. This should be seen as a policy option for combating unemployment among youth in Nigeria.
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Chintala, Manoj Kumar and Mr. Pritesh Dwivedi. "STUDY ON MARKETING OF GROUNDNUT IN MANCHERIAL DISTRICT OF TELANGANA." MULTILOGIC IN SCIENCE XIII, no. XXXXVII (2023): 802–4. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8105461.
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The study was conducted to investigate the marketing channels, marketing costs, margins, price spreads, and challenges involved in the marketing of Groundnut in Mancherial district, Telangana. The sample for the study consisted of 100 farmers and 20 Market Functionaries (10 wholesalers, 5 retailers, and 5 commission agents). Mancherial district was purposely selected as it is a leading district in Telangana for groundnut cultivation. Out of the 16 blocks, Mancherial block was chosen for the study. A list of 20 villages with a significant area under groundnut cultivation was prepared, and 5 villages (Hajipur, Mulkalla, Rapalle, Vempalle, and Gudipet) were purposely selected. All the farmers in the selected villages were listed, and information related to the study was collected using a well-defined and pre-tested schedule through personal interviews or surveys. The data collected pertained to the agricultural year 2021-2022. Tabular analysis, Garrett's ranking technique, marketing cost, margin, and efficiency were employed to analyze the objectives of the study.The findings revealed that Groundnut output is sold through market yards and traders, although some farmers sell directly to traders at the farm gate or village markets, while others use specified marketing channels. Among the problems faced by the farmers, lack of timely market information was ranked first, followed by fluctuations in market prices, involvement of middlemen in marketing, improper weighment, high commission charges, scarcity of labor for transportation and marketing, long distance to markets, absence/insufficient storage facilities, and high cost of transportation. Lack of timely market information was the top-ranked problem identified by the respondents. Farmers expressed concerns about not receiving timely information about market prices from extension personnel and government agencies. Fluctuation in prices was ranked second, as commission agents and traders formed groups and lowered prices whenever there was a surplus quantity in the market, leading to higher profits for commission agents and lower prices for farmers.
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JONATHAN, Reuben, and Williams ZANDING FIBI. "Analysis of Vegetable Marketing Determinants and Performance in Taraba State, Nigeria." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. X (2023): 1648–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.701127.
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The study analyzed vegetable marketing determinants and performance in Taraba State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to describe the socio economic characteristics; determine the performance; examine the factors influencing the marketing margin; determine the structure of vegetable markets in the study area and identify the constraints associated with it. Multistage and random sampling procedures were employed in selecting 110 vegetable marketers for the study. The analytical tools employed were descriptive statistics, marketing margin, marketing efficiency index analysis, multiple regression and Gini coefficient analysis. Results revealed that 60% of the vegetable marketers were female with about 66.36% married and within the active age. The mean marketing experience was estimated at 8 years and majority, 89.09% of the marketers had access to market information with 85.45% using personal savings as their initial marketing capital. Marketing efficiency index of 114.40% indicated high efficiency with marketing margin of 24.48%. This implies that marketing of vegetable is profitable. The value of the coefficient of determination, (R2) of 0.8864 indicates that 88.64% of the variation in the marketing margin of the marketers was explained by the variables used in the model. The Gini coefficient value of 0.6858 indicated high level of inequality in earnings among the marketers hence high concentration. The major constraints identified were price fluctuation, 89.09% and perish ability, 72.73%. It was recommended that high level of sensitization on good storage systems, all season production and provision of infrastructural facilities be made to curtail the menace identified in the study area.
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Ashaye, W.O, R.B Daramola, F.O Anyaeji, A.A Wahab, and B.I Alao. "Marketing of Kolanut (Cola nitida) in Sagamu and Ikenne Local Government Areas of Ogun State." Continental J. Social Sciences 10, no. 1 (2017): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.570296.
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<em>Kolanut market is characterized by price fluctuations through space and time in the study areas. This is linked to the large numbers of market intermediaries who acts between the primary producers, middle-men and the consumers. The study was carried out in Sagamu and Ikenne Local Government Areas LGAs of Ogun State. Data was collected using a multi-stage sampling technique by randomly selecting one hundred and twenty (120) respondents in the two (2) LGAs of Ogun State. Structured interview schedule was used as instrument in collecting information on socio-economic characteristics of kolanut marketers; including the cost of pods harvested, processing, packaging, and transportation. The data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics like means, percentage tabulations, profitability analysis and gross margin; while the constraints were rated on a 4-point Likert type scale to determine their severity. The gross margins of the kolanut products and their profitability analysis were computed using cost and returns analysis. The results revealed that kolanut marketing in the study areas yielded positive outcomes. The study further revealed that majority of the marketers are females (57.50) percent while (42.50) percent were males. The modal group of the marketers was 41-50 years with a mean age of 35. Majority of the marketers had primary education (71.67) percent. The average family size of the marketers is six (6) per households while (66) percent were married. (45.83) percent sourced their fund from personal savings. The study recommended an accelerated improvement in scaling up of marketing of kolanut enterprises and its contribution to the Gross Domestic Product and generation of foreign exchange earnings for the country</em>.
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Pradhan, Riya, Asmita Dhungana, Karishma Bhusal, Binita Lamsal, and Shashi Pandey. "VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF POTATO IN SYANGJA DISTRICT, NEPAL." Agribusiness Management In Developing Nations 1, no. 1 (2023): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/amdn.01.2023.16.26.
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A study was conducted in Galyang Municipality, Putalibazar Municipality, and Phedikhola Rural Municipality in Syangja district to analyze the potato value chain and evaluate its productivity, profitability, and marketing margins. A total of 74 potato producers, 2 aggregators, 2 wholesalers, 4 retailers, and 7 consumers were selected using random purposive sampling for data collection. The data was analyzed using SPSS and Excel software. The cost of production per ropani was NRs. 16789.60 and the productivity was 7.02 quintals per ropani. The B/C ratio obtained was 2.06 with the net margin NRs. 6710.5 per ropani. The producer’s share of the consumer’s price was NRs. 66.43% for fresh vegetables and 70.91% for tubers. The marketing margin for aggregators, retailers, and wholesalers was NRs. 834, NRs. 1270, and NRs. 946 respectively. The main constraints of potato production were the incidence of diseases and pests such as late blight and red ant, lack of technology and technical manpower, decreasing labor availability, and high production cost. Therefore, it is recommended to establish linkages between the government and different actors in production areas for proper grading and leveling of the product for quality products available in the local area as well as for enhancing export. The government and development agencies should support farmers’ organizations for integrated disease management, reduce the cost of production, and develop agricultural marketing infrastructure for easy market access to farmers.
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AROWOLO, A. O., S. M. SHUAIBU, M. M. SANUSI, and D. O. FANIMO. "ANALYSIS OF THE DETERMINANTS OF PROFIT FROM COCOA BEANS MARKETING IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment 16, no. 1 (2017): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v16i1.1665.
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This paper examined the factors that influenced profit from cocoa beans marketing in Ogun State, Nigeria. Fifty (50) cocoa beans marketers were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected with the aid of a structured questionnaire designed to solicit information on the socio-economic characteristics of the cocoa beans marketers, their operating costs and return and problems associated with cocoa beans marketing in the study area. Descriptive statistics, marketing margin analysis, gross margin analysis and the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression technique were em-ployed in the analysis of the study data. The study revealed that men (84%) are more involved in co-coa beans marketing than women. Further, the study finds cocoa beans marketing to be a profitable venture in the study area having a gross margin of ₦137,719.27 (US $ 885.51) per month and a mar-keting margin of N40,600 (US $ 261.94). The percentage marketing margin was 34.73% which implies that the cocoa beans marketers realize a margin of 34.76% of the farm price. The result of the OLS regression analysis revealed that cost of transportation, communication cost, volume of cocoa traded and membership of market union are the significant determinants of the profit margin that accrue to the cocoa beans marketer. The identified constraints to cocoa beans marketing in the study area in-clude low quality of cocoa beans, poor transportation facilities and inadequate capital. The study con-cluded that cocoa beans marketing is economically rewarding in the study area. It recommends that the government should help to provide good transportation facilities. Also, agricultural and commercial banks as well as other micro credit financial institutions should assist in providing credit facility to the marketers as this will enable them expand their scope of marketing and consequently improve their profit margin.
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Mahmud, Hussaina Ummikhanni, and Cecilia O. Dosu. "DETERMINANTS OF PROFITABILITY IN RETAIL INDIGENOUS LEAFY VEGETABLES MARKETING IN ILORIN WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KWARA STATE, NIGERIA." FUOYE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HUMAN ECOLOGY 7, no. 1 (2024): 63–69. https://doi.org/10.62923/fuojahe.v7i1.225.
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The marketing of indigenous leafy vegetables (ILVs)represents a significant segment of agricultural sector in Ilorin west, contributing to local food security and economic sustainability. The study adopted a two-stage sampling technique. Three vegetable markets were randomly selected and a total of hundred and ten (110) questionnaires were administered on the vegetable marketers that were randomly selected from the three markets for the survey. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, marketing margin analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the marketing of vegetables in Ilorin West Local Government was dominated by females and was highly profitable and perfectly efficient with marketing margin value of 61.2%. The result of the multiple regression analysis reveals that age of respondent, educational qualification, and years of vegetable marketing experience were statistically significant at 1%. Moreover, it found that the major marketing constraints were found to be transportation, Scarcity during the dry season, poor storage facilities and high perishability. The study concluded that marketing of indigenous leafy vegetables in the study area was highly profitable with marketing margin value of 61.2% despite marketing constraints like transportation, perishability, scarcity during the dry season and poor storage facilities. The study thus recommends that retailers should adopt efficient supply chain management practices to ensure the freshness and quality of leafy vegetables, thereby attracting more customers and reducing waste due to spoilage and also establish a direct partnership with the local farmers, as this could reduce transport costs and lead to better pricing strategies.
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Ali Ojima, Joshua, Ocholi Ali, and Vande Nguumbur. "ANALYSIS OF ONION RETAIL MARKETING IN BENUE STATE, NIGERIA." International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research 10, no. 06 (2024): 934–51. https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2024.10609.
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The study examined onion retail marketing in Benue State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was employed to select 150 onion marketers in the study area. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaire administered to respondents. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, marketing efficiency, Gini coefficient, gross margin and marketing margin. The study revealed that majority (66%) of the respondents were female, 70% were married with a mean age of 37years and a mean income of N10,082.56 per basket. The result further showed mean marketing efficiency of 26.76 indicating that the product was efficient, Gini Coefficient of 0.76 indicating that onion marketing was highly competitive, the gross margin was 14325 and gross marketing margin 15.14 indicating that it was profitable venture. Debt, seasonality and robbery constituted the greatest challenge faced by onion retail marketers in the study area. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that interest rate at single digit should be given to onion marketers for loans obtained because they have low annual income. Also, more security posts should be provided given that robbery is among the constraints faced by the marketers.
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Geoffrey, O. Ekoja* Nnajiofor C. Eneh Vivien A. Ugba Ida A. Ogaga. "ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF BEANS PRODUCTION FOR MARKETING PROFITABILITY IN NORTH-WEST NIGERIA." Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management 5, no. 5 (2018): 71–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1256462.
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This study evaluated the economic analysis of beans production for marketing profitability in North West Nigeria by examining who profit most among the farmers, wholesalers, and retailers. The paper seeks to find out the marketing margins of farmers, wholesalers, and retailers in North-West Nigeria, as well to ascertain the factors that affect the profitability of beans farm and to identify major constraints to beans marketing in North-West Nigeria. Survey method of statistics was adopted, and a questionnaire was used to sift data from the study population who were farmers, wholesalers, and retailers of beans in the Kano State of Nigeria. Inferential and descriptive statistical tools were used to present the data gotten from a sample population of 450. The study found out that retailer makes the most profit in the selling of beans followed by the farmer and lastly the wholesaler. It is however recommended that marketing margin should be harnessed to promote healthy price advantages to all channel members in the production, marketing and distribution of beans produce. Agricultural extension services should be adequately provided to farmers, wholesalers, and retailers of bean production technologies and market information and they should be encouraged to form bean cooperative societies to take advantage of government policies and programs in North-West Nigeria.
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Dayyabu, L. M., Murtala, N., and Shu’aib, A. U. "GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF MARKETING PADDY RICE (Oryza sativa) IN SELECTTED MARKETS IN BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Agripreneurship and Sustainable Development 4, no. 1 (2021): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.59331/jasd.v4i1.195.
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The study examined the gross margin and factors influencing marketing margin, as well as constraints to paddy rice (Oryza sativa) marketing in selected markets in Bauchi State, Nigeria. Six (6) markets were purposively selected and a total of 124 marketers were randomly chosen. Primary data were collected by the use of structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Based on the findings of the study, paddy rice marketing was a profitable enterprise in Bauchi State, Nigeria with gross margin of N1,126.20 and marketing efficiency was 13.5%. Factors that influenced marketing margin of paddy rice include marital status at P≤0.01, household size at P≤0.1, years of experience and educational level at P≤0.05, respectively. The result indicates that the model has an F-ratio (11.562) which shows that the whole model was significant at P≤0.01 level of probability. The coefficient of determination (R2) indicated that 45.5% variation in the dependent variable was explained by the explanatory variables included in the model, while the remaining was as a result of variables not included in the model as well as errors in estimation. The results further revealed that 48.4% of the market participants were retailers. The major constraints identified include inadequate capital, poor road network and storage facility, seasonality of supply and lack of standard unit of measurement. It was recommended that Government provides credit facilities; improved transportation network and marketers encouraged to form cooperatives so that they can pool their resources together to increase their scale of operation.
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Ukwuaba, Ikenna Charles, Zechariahs Benapugha Owutuamor, Stella Nwawulu Chiemela, Chikaosolu Maryqueen Ileka, and Ifeyinwa Cynthia Ukwuaba. "Unravelling the Drivers of Plantain Marketing in Enugu State, Nigeria." Research on World Agricultural Economy 3, no. 1 (2022): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v3i1.496.
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Plantain marketing offers great profit-making, yet it is unclear if these have translated to more profits, making it imperative to examine the drivers of plantain marketing. Primary data collected with structured questionnaire in purposive 2-staged random sampling were analyzed using net marketing income, marketing margin, marketing efficiency and multiple linear regression models. Plantain marketing was mainly done by married educated women, averaged 40 years of age, belonging to households averaging 6 persons. Net monthly profit of $63.51 (₦26,050.38), average marketing margin of 30.84% and marketing efficiency of 35.06% were returned. Suggesting plantain marketing is profitable and viable but largely inefficient. Cost of plantain and marketing experience were positively significant (p≤0.05). Plantain marketing faced constraints like seasonality of plantain, inadequate finance, price fluctuations, high transportation costs, bulkiness, spoilage/breakage and high plantain costs. Plantain marketers should form/join cooperatives to obtain low-interest loans, mitigate marketing costs and enjoy economies of scale.
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Velagapalli, Mamatha Dr. Sanjay Kumar2. "MARKETING SHARE, MARKETING EFFICIENCY, MARKETING MARGIN, PRICE SPREAD OF TOMATO MARKETING CHANNELS IN RANGA REDDY DISTRICT, TELANGANA." MULTILOGIC IN SCIENCE XIII, no. XXXXVII (2023): 828–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8111958.
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The present study on Study On Marketing Of Tomato In Ranga Reddy District Telangana was carried out during the session2022-2023. The Descriptive research design was used in this study. Over all 100 respondents were selected by using random sampling method. The data were collected by personally interviewing the respondents with the help of structured questionnaire schedule. The data collected were carefully examined, classified, quantified, and tabulated. Frequencies, mean, standard deviation, percentage formula, marketing margin and cost of marketing were employed for interpreting the results. Marketing of tomato were estimated at grower level, during transportation, storage, wholesale, and retail trader level. This research is done to study the socio-economic conditions of farmers, marketing of mango in different stages, To identify the marketing channels, marketing cost, marketing efficiency, marketing share, marketing margin for tomato and the study was mainly aims to examine the constraints in marketing and suggest suitable measures to the farmers in the study area. The Producer who sold Tomato through the channel-I (Producer - Consumer) realized the highest share (87.66%) in consumer rupee as compared to other channels indicating the efficiency of channel compared to other channels. Small scale Tomato processing industry is growing significantly in Ranga Reddy district (3.82%) in terms of production and sale indicating potential opportunity for establishment of small-scale industries in district. Modem market infrastructure may be built in the regulated markets by the Telangana Board/State Government. Regular power supply may be ensured to the cold stores particularly in the summer months. The State/Union Government may provide financial/technical/logistic support to the tomato growers for cooperative/group marketing. Erratic electricity supply should be corrected so that farmers can adequately irrigate Tomato crop. The problem of shortage of labour can be countered by popularizing manually operating Tomato transplanted. Quality control of insecticide/pesticide should be ensured in the market so that farmers get quality products. The malpractices in the market should also be checked so that farmers get fair deal. Processing facilities should be developed.
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Adeoye, Adebayo Samson. "Optimizing Catfish Marketing in Forest Communities of Ido Municipality (The Impact of Seasonality Storage and Pricing on Performance)." International Journal of Agricultural Social Economics and Rural Development (Ijaserd) 4, no. 2 (2024): 84–95. https://doi.org/10.37149/ijaserd.v4i2.1598.
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The challenges catfish marketers encounter due to the seasonality of catfish production in most rural areas have masterminded difficulty in free product distribution to consumers, which invariably hampers their income. Therefore, the study examined catfish marketing in Oyo state, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was adopted to select sampled respondents. First, five wards were selected purposively out of 10 in the study area. Next, 10 markets were randomly selected evenly from each ward. Finally, 120 marketers were selected from each of the sampled markets. The questionnaire was adopted for data collection on the demographic characteristics of respondents, marketing channels available, gross margin estimation of catfish marketing, factors influencing catfish marketing, and constraints on catfish marketing. Data was analyzed using frequencies, percentages, mean scores, gross margin, linear regression, and benefit-cost ratio (BCR). Key findings indicate that 74% of respondents earn between ₦200,000 and ₦400,000 ($476 - $952) monthly, with a gross margin of 64.4%, meaning marketers retain $0.644 for every revenue. The analysis showed that the identified influencing factors could explain 58% of variations in catfish marketing. The benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was found to be 1.41:1, indicating a positive return on investment, with marketers retaining approximately ₦1,453,056 from their activities. However, constraints such as seasonality, high transportation costs, and inadequate cold storage facilities were significant hurdles. Therefore, establishing commodity markets in rural areas to enhance connections between fish farmers and buyers, promoting stakeholder partnerships, and providing training on product quality and storage were recommended. These measures aim to improve the efficiency and profitability of catfish marketing.
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Mishra, Harshit, Mahima Priyanka Neerugatti, Sandeep Gautam, and Divyanshi Mishra. "Economic Analysis of Cucumber Market Performance and their Constraints in Sultanpur District of Uttar Pradesh." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 41, no. 4 (2023): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i41882.
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In this paper examine the marketing efficiency, marketing cost, market margin, price spread and marketing constraints in Sultanpur district of Uttar Pradesh. A multistage stratified purposive cum random sampling technique was applied for the selection of district, block, villages and respondents. Total 100 growers were selected randomly through proportionate allocation method in the population during 2021-22. The primary data were collected through survey schedule with the help of personal interviews. The objectives were achieved by using shephered's formula for marketing efficiency and Garrett ranking technique for the identify the major marketing constraints. There are three types of marketing channels were observed in cucumber marketing i.e., Channel-I (producer → consumer), Channel-II (producer → retailer → consumer) and Channel-III (producer → wholesaler → retailer → consumer). Overall maximum produce of cucumber was sold by different group of farms through channel-III. Moreover, cucumber growers were also faced different types of marketing constraints. Major three marketing constraints faced by the growers were perishability nature of commodity, lack of storage facilities and grading problems, respectively. Suggestions of cucumber farmers to overcome these constraints are storage facilities in mandi should be provided to the farmers for their perishable products and entrusting government representatives with marketing duties in exchange for a fair fee.
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N. C., Morgan,, Kainga, P. E., Usman, R., and Baraseibai, E. F. "Marketing Efficiency of Banana in Yenagoa Metropolis, Bayelsa State, Nigeria." Journal of Advanced Research and Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 3 (2024): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/jarms-vk13f5ao.
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The study examines the marketing efficiency of bananas in Yenagoa Metropolis of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The objectives were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of banana marketers; determine the marketing margin and efficiency of banana marketers; identify marketing channels of bananas; and identify the constraints associated with banana marketers in the study area. Ninety (90) questionnaires were retrieved and used for the analysis out of the one hundred and four (104) questionnaires distributed to the banana marketers selected through a multistage random sampling technique from eight (8) markets in Yenagoa Metropolis of Bayelsa State using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive Statistics and marketing margin and efficiency formulas were used to analyse the data. The result showed that banana marketers were predominantly female. Budgetary analysis showed marketing efficiency greater than one which indicated profitability of the market. The Likert type showed the constraints, which significantly affect banana marketing as high perishability (3.88), high cost of transportation (2.98), inadequate market information (2.85) and heavy imposition of tax/levies (2.63). The study, therefore, recommends that Marketers should be encouraged to have market informants that will inform them of the increase or decrease in the prices of bananas in different markets in the study area.
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Jimoh, L. O., O. K. Akintunde, A. L. Kehinde, T. O. Agboola, and A. A. Alabi. "Structure, Conduct and Performance of Maize Marketing in Irewole Local Government Area, Osun State." Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 29, no. 2 (2022): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v29i2.6.
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The study analyzed the marketing of maize in Irewole Local Government Area of Osun State and describes the socio-economic characteristics of maize marketers by determining the marketing margin, marketing cost, markup, operational efficiency as well as constraints faced by maize marketers in the area. Data used for the study were generated through the administration of structured questionnaire. A total of 120 respondents comprising of 40 maize wholesalers and 80 retailers, were randomly sampled from three purposively selected major maize markets. Descriptive statistics, Concentration Ratio, Gini Coefficient and Operational Efficiency Model were the analytical tools adopted for the study. The findings of the study revealed that maize marketing was efficient and profitable; N900 and N1200 per 100 kg bag for wholesalers and retailers, respectively in the study area. There also exists variation in marketing cost, marketing margin, marketing profit, and markup for both wholesale and retail maize markets. Gini Coefficients of 0.319 and 0.312 were obtained for wholesaler and retailer, respectively indicating high level of competition in the industry. Major problems facing both wholesalers and retailers are price uncertainty, high perishability of maize and seasonal nature of maize. However, insecurity and high capital requirement are considered as major constraints. It is therefore recommended that the challenges be alleviated to improve efficiency of maize market in the area.
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Shah, Bandana, and Barsha Mahato. "Prospects and constraints of coffee production, processing and marketing in Syangja, Nepal." Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 10, no. 1 (2025): 97–102. https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2025.1001014.
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Coffee is a major plantation cash crop in the mid-hills of Nepal. Syangja is one of the leading districts for coffee production and export in Nepal. This research was aimed at assessing the production potential, processing constraints, and marketing challenges of coffee in the Syangja district. The study was conducted in three rural municipalities of Syangja, namely Arjunchaupari rural municipality, Biruwa rural municipality, and Putalibazar municipality. A total of 120 samples were selected using a mixed sampling technique, combining purposive and random sampling methods. Face-to-face (FtF) interviews were conducted using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using the Relative Importance Index (RII) and forced ranking methods. The major production constraint was infestation by white stem borer (RII = 0.846), while improper cherry picking (RII = 0.9) was the most significant processing challenge. In terms of marketing, low profit margins (0.74) and price fluctuations (0.635) were identified as key constraints. Despite challenges, Syangja has strong coffee-growing potential due to its favourable climate and high economic returns. The study highlights that coffee cultivation has strong potential to enhance rural incomes in Syangja, but existing challenges in production, processing, and marketing need to be addressed. Poor government support and inadequate market linkages have resulted in dissatisfaction among farmers. Therefore, integrated interventions, including improved pest management, enhanced processing techniques, and cooperative-based marketing models, should be introduced by the Nepal government to improve the sustainability and profitability of the coffee sector in Syangja.
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Ojedokun, I.K., H. A. Ganiyu, and M. O. Adetunji. "Analysis of Cashew Nut Marketing in Oyo State, Nigeria." African Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Development 5, no. 2 (2024): 69–82. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11180344.
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<em>Cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale L) is one of the most essential and major cash crops produced in Nigeria. This research, therefore, explored the analysis of cashew nuts marketing in Surulere Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data were sourced from cashew nut marketers through the use of well-designed questionnaires. Eighty respondents were randomly selected from four main markets in the study area. Descriptive statistics, budgetary analysis, and (OLS) multiple regression models were used to achieve the objectives. Therefore the study identified the marketing channels, analyzed the cost and returns of the enterprise, determined the socio-economic factors affecting the quantity of cashew nuts marketed, and ascertained the constraints associated with cashew nuts marketing in the study area. From the results, the market was dominated by males (67.5%), most of the respondents (58.75%) were between 21 and 40 years old, and the majority were married (73.75%). An average number of marketers (50%) had secondary school education, while 31.7% and 18.7% had primary and higher education, respectively. Most of the marketers (63.3%) bought directly from farmers, while 25.0% purchased from wholesalers. Total revenue, gross profit, and net profit were respectively ₦3,562,781, ₦356,781.00, and ₦322,457, showing that the business is profitable. Respondents’ socioeconomic characteristics that significantly affected the quantity of cashew nuts marketed were married (p < 0.1), cost of labor (p < 0.01), and cost of transportation (p < 0.01). Major constraints were seasonality of produce, high cost of transportation, bad weather (rain), and inadequate capital. It was recommended that the government should provide good road networks to ease the transportation problem. Marketers should form cooperative societies to facilitate easy access to credits and other relevant resources.</em>
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Islam, Md Wahidul, Md Masudul Hassan, Samira Islam Resmi, and Mahfuzur Rahman. "Value Addition of Onion Markets of Pabna Districts in Bangladesh." Research in Business and Management 6, no. 2 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/rbm.v6i2.15305.
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Bangladesh is principally an agricultural based country dominated by crop production. In Bangladesh onion mostly use for species which gives aroma taste and flavor to the food materials. The present study was designed to measure supply chain analysis of onion markets and to estimate the value addition of onion in selected areas of two upazilas of Pabna district. Primary data were collected from the onion growing area of Sujanagar upazila and Santhiya upazila under Pabna district. Twenty farmers and fifty traders were selected through purposive sampling and simple random sampling procedure. Simple descriptive methods were used to analyze the data. The major findings of the study reveal that onion production is profitable. In the production and marketing system of Onion, many supply chain actors were involved such as Faria, Bepari, Arathdar, wholesaler and retailer. Marketing of onion produced in Sujanagar and Santhiya upazila was moved from the hands of producers to the hands of consumers through six separate chains. The highest sales price per 40Kg of onion received by retailer was Tk. 1625 and the lowest sales price received by farmer was Tk. 1190. In value chain, highest value (29.14 percent) was added by farmer and lowest value (3.97 percent) was added by Arathder of the total value addition. Farmers had the highest proportion of net marketing margin which was about 42.51 percent of total net marketing margin. Retailers had the second highest portion of net marketing margin of onion. On the contrary, Arathdar had the lowest net marketing margin of onion which was only 3.82 percent of total net marketing margin of onion. The study also identified some problems and constraints faced by the onion farmers and trader suggested some recommendations to improve the present production and marketing situation so that per hectare yield of onion and marketing facilities would possibly be increased.
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Yamin, Fauji, Anna Fariyanti, and Siti Jahroh. "Struktur, Perilaku dan Kinerja Pemasaran Ikan Cakalang di Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan." Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia 9, no. 2 (2021): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jai.2021.9.2.105-121.
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Skipjack tuna is the result of the main capture fisheries in the South Halmahera district which experienced significant growth of 4,2 percent during the 2016-2018 period, but increased production experienced constraints in the marketing system and caused income uncertainty for fishermen and traders. The purpose of this study was to determine the marketing system of skipjack tuna in the South Halmahera Regency using a structural, behavioural, and performance (SCP) approach. The sampling method uses snowball sampling which started with 68 fishermen. The results showed that the market structure formed was an oligopsonistic market structure and there was a barrier to market entry of 14 percent. Meanwhile, market behaviour shows that fishermen only act as price takers. Based on the marketing margin analysis, there are 10 (ten) skipjack fish marketing channels. Judging from the value of large skipjack fish, marketing channel 7 has the highest margin value of 70,4 percent and the lowest is channel 8 of 53,9 percent. Meanwhile, the marketing channel of small fish the highest margin value is marketing channel 9 of 73,9 and the lowest is channel 9 of 65,1 percent. While the value of farmer share, channel 1 has the highest value of 70 percent and the lowest is channel 7 of 36 percent. Overall, skipjack tuna marketing channels have not been efficient.
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Onuwa, Godfrey C. "Empirical Analysis of African Aubergine (Solanum gilo) – Marketing and Income Disparity among Traders in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 24, no. 1 (2024): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2024.24.1.4.
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African Aubergine is an indigenous tropical crop cultivated in Nigeria. Agricultural marketing creates incentives that accelerate the promotion of further production and consumption of harvested produce. Therefore, this study analysed African Aubergine marketing and income disparity among traders in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Primary data collected via multistage sampling from ninety-five (95) respondents was analysed using descriptive statistics, marketing margin and efficiency analysis, Ordinary Least Square regression and Gini Coefficient index. The results show that the mean age, years spent in school, household size, trading experience and quantity of bags sold were 37 years, 8 years, 7 people, 9 years and 8 bags per month, respectively. The estimated marketing margin and efficiency index were ₦1,250 and 0.36, respectively. The estimated coefficients of Ordinary Least Square regression (R2) were 0.773. Thus, the variables (marketing experience, cost price, quantity sold and marketing cost) in the regression model accounted for 77% of the variation in the marketing margin of African Aubergine traders in the study area. The estimated Gini Coefficient was 0.59, indicating a moderate level of income disparity (inequality) in the sales income of the respondents. Several marketing constraints were observed in the study area. Therefore, this study recommends improved credit access and market information dissemination, commodity cost subsidisation, storage technology adoption, market infrastructure development and interventions, commodity price control and policy modification that regulates market activities.
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Patil, S. N., S. R. Benke, and V. B. Gholap. "Marketing management of cut flowers under protected cultivation." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 18, no. 1 (2022): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/18.1/225-230.
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Pune and Satara districts ofWestern Maharashtra are the important districts cultivating rose and gerbera flowers.Markets are impulses for improved farm production and quality produce.Marketing management is useful for decision making regarding viability. Hence, an attempt has been made to study the marketing management and constraints in marketing of cut flowers under polyhouses in the Pune and Satara districts of Maharashtra by estimating thecost of marketing and price spread with the information on packaging, transportation and selling pattern of cut flowers. For the present study a sample of 30 rose and 30 gerberacut flowers growers was drawn from Pune and Satara districts. The primary data requiredon the various aspects were collected through pre tested questionnaire by personnel interview of respondents pertained to the agriculture year 2018-19.The data were analyzed with simple statistical tools viz., percentages and averages. Garrett’s ranking technique was employed to rank the constraints in marketing of cut flowers.The results revealed that, about 85 per cent of the rose produce and 82 per cent of gerbera produce sold in Pune and Mumbai market.On an average 74 per cent rose growers and 62 per cent gerbera growers sold their produce at a predetermined price.Commission of commission agents shared more than 50 per cent in cost of marketing of rose and gerbera cut flowers.The margins of wholesalers and retailers were higher in the marketing of gerbera than rose cut flowers. Producers share in consumers’ rupee was higher in rose cut flowersthan gerbera.Price fluctuations followed by increasing demand of dummy/artificial flowers was the major constraintin marketing of cut flowers.
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Tafida, I., Nazifi, B., and Mustapha, M.M. "CHARACTERISTICS AND PROFITABILITY OF DATE PALM MARKETING IN KANO METROPOLIS, NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology 4, no. 1 (2024): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v4i1.641.
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This study aimed at analyzing Characteristics and profitability of date palm marketing in Kano metropolis, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was employed for selecting 50 respondents (15 wholesalers and 35 retailers) for the study. The data for the study were collected using structured questionnaires administered to the respondents. Descriptive statistics, Gross marketing margin, Net marketing margin and return per naira invested were used to analyze specific objectives of the study. The findings revealed that wholesalers (35.6 years) and retailers (26.1 years) involved in date palm marketing were primarily within their economically active age range. The marketers had small household sizes of 5 and 6 persons for wholesalers and retailers respectively, and a significant proportion (About 60%) had no formal education. Personal savings were the main source of initial capital for both wholesalers (53.3%) and retailers (54.3%). Co-traders were the primary source of marketing information (53.3%), and Jan Dabino (34%) emerged as the most popular and marketable date palm variety in the study area. The return on investment for the two ventures was estimated at 1.14 and 1.22 for wholesalers and retailers respectively. It was also found that retailers enjoy a higher net marketing margin and gross margin per bag than wholesalers respectively in the study area. Major constraints affecting date palm marketing in the study were inadequate capital (82%) and poor storage facilities (46%). It is recommended that the industry should be rejuvenated in order to meet the demand for domestic consumption and also the creation of job opportunities; and provision of capital through initiatives such as government subsidies
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C. Onuwa, Godfrey, Salawu A. Jibril, and Sunday S. Mailumo. "DETERMINANTS OF MARGIN AND INCOME DISPARITY AMONG PEARL MILLET TRADERS." FOOD & AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT 4, no. 1 (2023): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/fabm.01.2023.47.52.
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This study analyzed the determinants of market margin and income disparity among Pearl Millet traders at Tilden Fulani Main Market, Toro, Bauchi State, Nigeria. A multistage technique was used to collect data from 90 respondents. Descriptive statistics, Market margin and efficiency ratio, regression analysis and Gini Coefficient index were analytical techniques adopted. The mean age, years spent in school, household size, trading experience and quantity of bags sold were 39 years, 6 years, 8 people, 10 years and 4 bags per month respectively. The market margin and efficiency index were ₦5,200 and 0.30 respectively. The highest volume of produce net sales was Channel 3 (29%). The regression coefficient (R2) was 0.707; implying that marketing margin variations were attributable to factors in the econometric model. The index of Gini coefficient was 0.51. The constraints of Pearl Millet marketing include inadequate capital (83.3%), transportation cost (78.9%), price information (61.1%), poor infrastructures (46.7%), storage facilities (33.3%), price volatility (27.8%) and exploitation by middlemen/ agents (17.8%). This study recommends improved access to credit and capital, subsidizing marketing costs, adoption of information communication and storage technologies; provision of market infrastructure and interventions, improved transportation; regulation of commodity prices and activities of middlemen; policy modifications.
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Mohanavannan, V., N. Deepa, R. Balaji, A. Vidhyavathi, and R. Ravikumar. "Marketing Efficiency of Cocoon in Salem District of Tamil Nadu, India." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 41, no. 10 (2023): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i102155.
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Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the marketing efficiency of cocoon within the study area and to examine marketing challenges, subsequently proposing effective strategies to address these constraints.
 Study Design: Exploratory research design.
 Methodology: The research was carried out in the Salem districtof Tamil Nadu. During the month of July 2022, primary data was collected from a random sample of respondentsThe study examines cocoon production costs, returns, efficiency and marketing challenges. Data was collected from four blockswhichincludesOmalur, Mecheri, Attur, and Edappadi, thus comprising the total sample of140 respondents which includes112 farmers and 28 dealers. Personal interviews was conducted to gather primary data, Acharya’s technique is employed to calculate marketing efficiency and Garrett's Ranking Method was used to assess marketing constraints.
 Results: This study identifies that Acharya's marketing channel shows a nil net marketing margin, yet boasts 95.61 percentefficiency. Farmers receive a net price of ₹ 395.86, obtained by deducting marketing costs from the ultimate consumer price. Constraints faced by Salem's cocoon growers includes high transportation cost, price fluctuations in cocoon market, and trader scarcity.
 Conclusion: This study insist to maintain the minimum standard price for cocoon to mitigate price fluctuations, enhancing transportation infrastructure for bulk transport, and ensuring prompt and consistent payments. The successful implementation of these strategies holds the potential to facilitate the cocoon industry's progress and resilience in the face of constraints.
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Parihat, Jivan, Pankaj Kumar Yadav, and Saroj Sapkota. "Analysis of Mango Marketing Channels in Siraha, Nepal." Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5, no. 1 (2022): 1389–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2022.5.1.07.
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The Siraha district of Nepal experiences surplus mango production during the season that ends up being wasted or sold at throw-away prices due to imperfect marketing. Thus, this survey research was conducted to investigate the market channels of mango, post-harvest mechanisms, constraints, marketing margins, market shares, consumer purchasing behaviors, and patterns of purchasing in Siraha.The research survey was done with thirty producers, five wholesalers, thirty-two retailers, and twenty-five consumers within the Golbazaar and Dhangadimai municipalities through a semi-structured questionnaire. Mango trading was dominated by males. It was revealed that the market demand for mango in Siraha was produced in Siraha itself(91.49%). The wholesalers supplied 30.66% of their mango to retailers, and 14.73% to consumers. Gulab Khas and Banaganapalli were the most imported varieties from India. Each variety of mango provided an almost equal margin, although Bombay was slightly higher than others. The market share was dominated by the Maldah variety as most of the farmers cultivated this variety.It was found that in addition to the varieties and arrival time, the distance to markets and farming practices were significant factors influencing the profitability of mango marketing. There is great potential to industrialize and substitute the Indian mango in the market through commercial production of mango, efficient storage, and post-harvest management, and in increasing the efficiency of the mango marketing system through subsidies and aids to the mango growing farmers from concerned stakeholders. A collaborative approach is required among all stakeholders for sustainable mango marketing and establishing it as an economic profession.
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Ukwuaba, Ikenna Charles, Collins Nzeribe Ngwuoke, Chinedum Jachinma Chiemela, et al. "Exploring the Effects of Information and Communication Technologies in the Marketing of Broiler Birds in Enugu State, Nigeria." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 11, no. 12 (2023): 2202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i12.2202-2210.5155.
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Information-intensive and precise knowledge-based marketing approaches is a key aspect in ensuring the long-term viability of agriculture. Unfortunately, the economic potential of information and communication technologies used in agricultural marketing is not fully utilized. This study, therefore, unravelled the effects of information and communication technologies in the marketing of broiler birds in Enugu state, Nigeria. Primary data collected from 90 marketers were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result showed that all the marketers accessed and used mobile phones very often to communicate with their customers but only a few (40%) used social media platforms while radio and television were rarely used. The gross margin analysis showed that broiler marketing was a viable enterprise with ₦80,972.72 (USD 197.29) gross margin monthly. The degree of use of information and communication technologies, level of education and marketing experience significantly affected the revenue margin of the respondents. High cost of information and communication technology facilities, inconsistence power supply, poor network coverage and connectivity and high cost of airtime and data were among the major constraints faced by the marketers. The study recommends that the problem of inconsistent power supply and poor network coverage should be rectified by the government and the network providers, respectively. The national communication commission should as a matter of urgency regulate, moderate and reduce the high call tariffs and internet data cost to enhance the profit margin of the broiler marketers.
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Mercy Ngum, Ambe, Eric Kiprotich Bett (PhD), and Jayne N. Mugwe (PhD). "Performance of Soybean Marketing in Emby, Tharaka Nithi and Meru Countries, Kenya." American Research Journal of Agriculture 7, no. 1 (2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21694/2378-9018.21002.
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Current demand for soybean in Kenya exceeds supply despite numerous efforts by the government to increase production. Soybean farmers are faced with the difficulty in accessing the market reason for their reluctance in producing. Little is known about the soybean market in the central highlands of Kenya. This study was carried out with the aim to assess the structure conduct and performance of soybean markets in EmbuTharaka-Nithi and Meru Counties. Key informant interviews were carried out among soybean farmers’ groups, Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries and soybean processing companies. A structured questionnaire was administered to processors, wholesalers, retailers and assemblers of soybean. Data was collected mainly on characteristics of respondents and marketing information. The collected data were used to calculate Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI), gross margins, marketing margin, and marketing efficiency. The results of the study showed that there were eight important marketing channels with channel 1 being the most efficient followed by channel 7, 3, 8, 4, 2, 6 and 5 respectively. The HHI showed that wholesalers were competitive (0.0997); retailers were relatively competitive (0.1701) while processors indicated an oligopolistic market structure with an HHI index of 0.18. Farmers groups, wholesalers and assemblers sold their soybean to processors at a fixed price (60ksh) given by the processors. Quantities traded were low with an average of 333.3kg for wholesalers, 793.33kg for assemblers and 47kg for retailers. There were no trader associations in the study area even though farmers engaged in group marketing. The study concluded that Constraints to marketing by farmers included low prices, lack of processing equipment’s, inadequate marketing arrangements, and high cost of processing.
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Babalola, DA, O. Bajimi, and SU Isitor. "Economic potentials of fish marketing and women empowerment in Nigeria: Evidence from Ogun State." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 15, no. 69 (2015): 9922–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.69.13960.
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This study examined the economic potential of fish marketing and women empowerment in Ogun state. Ninety two women fish marketers were selected using the multi -stage sampling procedure. The data collected through the use of questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics, marketing margin and regression technique. The result of the socioeconomic characteristics showed that 56.5 percent had only primary education, 82.6 percent were married and 69.6 percent were between the ages of 30 and 50 years. Some 52.2 percent of the respondents had greater than 10 years experience marketing fish and 66.3 percent were retailers. About 45.7 percent sold frozen fish and only 39.1 percent participated in cooperative marketing. The result of the budgetary analysis showed average marketing margin of N 6, 280 per week for the respondents and marketing efficiency greater than one which indicated profitability of the enterprise and further showed the potential of fish marketing contribution to women’s economic empowerment. The regression results showed that the variables which positively and significantly influence d marketing margin among fish marketers were the value of sale per week (p<0.01); volume of trade per week (p< 0.01); level of education (p<0.05) and participation in cooperative marketing (p<0.05). The cost of fish purchase negatively and significantly influenced marketing margin (p<0.01). The major constraints faced by the respondents in fish marketing in the study area was the high cost incurred in preserving the fishes, huge initial expense, purchase price instability and inconsistent and high transport cost. It is recommended that in addition to the call on government to invest more in fish farming and distribution, fish marketers should be facilitated to improve their educational status and encouraged to participate in cooperatives. Furthermore, policies that will guarantee price stability and improve the microfinance arrangements should be put in place in order to increase the economic return from fish marketing.