Relevant bibliographies by topics / Marriage Marriage Married women Equality

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Marriage Marriage Married women Equality'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Marriage Marriage Married women Equality"

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Kaydani, Maryam. "Raising Awareness for Gender Equality in Hindu Marriage." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 3, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v3i1.p50-54.

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The Hindu marriage has been one of the controversial issues among activities. Marriage in Hindu community is considered as holy and very significant social institution. In real, it is a commercial exchange and at large a marketplace populated by high demanding groom family. The paper aims to give a comprehensive account of problems that Hindu girls encounter during their marriage and within their marriage life. Apparently, Hindu marriage is between two families rather two people. More or less girls have no right to object. As a result girls mostly get married at earliest opportunity and they are forced into relationship as such most of marriage is based on parent’s decision rather than mutuality of sentiment or emotional attachment. Therefore, prepubescent girls are often oppressed by bridegroom and his family members. In this sort of relationship, girls are financially dependent which develop their suppression. Data for this paper has drawn from in-depth interviews conducted with 120 married women of aged 12-20 years living in two Indian states who got married since 2005. Participants were randomly selected for interview if the woman was married before the ages of 15 years. Findings underscore the need to raise awareness of the negative outcomes of child marriage and to build support among girls and their families for delaying marriage, to enforce existing laws on the minimum age at marriage and to encourage other authorities to support young women in negotiating with their parents to delay marriage and eliminate child marriage.
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Giza, Natalia. "Getting Married in Renaissance England as Presented in the Conduct Literature for Women." Studia Historyczne 60, no. 2 (238) (December 29, 2018): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/sh.60.2017.02.06.

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There were two “career paths” open to Renaissance women in England — entering a monastery or getting married. With the introduction of reformation the first option vanished. Getting married opened varying possibilities. On one hand the contemporary promotion of marriage reinforced the patriarchal system of the society (a man is its head and the woman and children are his subjects). On the other, the idea of a “companionate marriage” allowing husbands and wives a certain degree of equality was formulated for the first time also by sixteenth–century thinkers. The traces of the Renaissance debate on which form of life is more pious and pleasing to God – celibate or married – can also be found in the conduct literature for women, on top of other advice referring to marriage.
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Downing, Janelle, and Paulette Cha. "Same-Sex Marriage and Gains in Employer-Sponsored Insurance for US Adults, 2008–2017." American Journal of Public Health 110, no. 4 (April 2020): 537–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2019.305510.

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Objectives. To estimate the effects of same-sex marriage recognition on health insurance coverage. Methods. We used 2008–2017 data from the American Community Survey that represent 18 416 674 adult respondents in the United States. We estimated changes to health insurance outcomes using state–year variation in marriage equality recognition in a difference-in-differences framework. Results. Marriage equality led to a 0.61 percentage point (P = .03) increase in employer-sponsored health insurance coverage, with similar results for men and women. Conclusions. US adults gained employer-sponsored coverage as a result of marriage equality recognition over the study period, likely because of an increase in dependent coverage for newly recognized same-sex married partners.
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Bushnell, John. "Did Serf Owners Control Serf Marriage? Orlov Serfs and Their Neighbors, 1773-1861." Slavic Review 52, no. 3 (1993): 419–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2499717.

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Historians of the Russian peasantry hold almost unanimously that serfowners routinely intervened in serf marriage: that they generally forbade serf women to leave the estate through marriage or marry at all without permission, commanded serfs to marry young, made compulsory matches when their serfs failed to marry on schedule, and otherwise prevented serfs from exercising free choice in marriage. Equally common is the assumption that the nobles’ interest in serf marriage was the multiplication of human property and the number of duespaying labor units, i.e., married couples. The one exception is Steven Hoch, who found that on the Gagarin estate of Petrovskoe, Tambov province, managers never intervened, at least in first marriages. They never had to, Hoch argues, because the heads of peasant households shared the owners’ interest in early and universal marriage. That was because estate managers allocated land, the only significant economic resource, to married couples on an egalitarian basis. Even Hoch accepts the standard view that, on other estates where different socioeconomic conditions held, estate authorities did have to intervene to ensure that serfs married early and universally.
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Batmaro, Aresta A. O., Luh Putu Ruliati, and Indra Yohanes Kiling. "Marriage Satisfaction on Young Women with Premarital Pregnancy." Journal of Health and Behavioral Science 2, no. 3 (August 9, 2020): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/jhbs.v2i3.2382.

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Marriage due to premarital pregnancy become increasingly more common in Indonesia, although the behaviour is still deemed as inappropriate by the society and tend to be negatively stigmatized. This might affect the marriage satisfaction which could harm the overall quality of the marriage. The purpose of this study was to determine marital satisfaction on youth with premarital pregnancy. Participants in this study were nine young women who were married due to premarital pregnancy and residing in Kupang City. Data was collected using interviews and analysed with thematic analysis approach that revealed three main themes. The results showed that marital satisfaction varied in participants, in which six participants were more satisfied and enjoyed their current married life, while the other three participants were not satisfied due to dissatisfaction with aspects of equality of roles in household, parenting and sexual life. Implications from this results were discussed further in the article.
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Megha. "Criminalizing Rape Within Marriage." Politikon: The IAPSS Journal of Political Science 20 (June 29, 2013): 124–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22151/politikon.20.10.

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The paper is an attempt to bring marital rape under the purview of legal discourse in India with substantive equality approach to problematize the existing defined structure of Indian Rape Law. This paper takes up the challenge to create a legal language on the issue of rape within marriage which is till now absent from the legal and social scenario. The equal treatment of women before and under the law within the context of marital rape is critical to ensuring the recognition of women as full citizens, and ensuring their freedom from violence. This paper examines the following questions: how marital rape contributes to and results from women‘s inequality; how the discriminatory roots of the historical- cultural rationales contributes to the exemption of marital rape from the Indian legal system; how the issue of marital rape has been debated in personal-political scenario from the feminist viewpoint; how equality jurisprudence can support the case for the legal treatment of marital rape claims. This paper questions the socio-legal passivity about the suppression of married women; cultivate the knowledge that helps women to generate their own thinking and to apply that in creating the new subjects, to make the women able to express their disagreements about the consent and to make them aware of their active sexuality to provide them bodily integrity. The paper is, thus, an attempt to emphasise the need to transform the prevailing masochistic heterosexual socio- legal matrix. The paper underlines the need to bring the issue of marital rape in the political sphere by bringing this to the purview of Indian law in both formal and substantive manner.
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ZAVATTARO, M., C. SUSANNE, and M. VERCAUTEREN. "INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND BIODEMOGRAPHICAL BEHAVIOUR: A STUDY OF ITALIANS IN BELGIUM." Journal of Biosocial Science 29, no. 3 (July 1997): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932097003453.

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This paper describes the matrimonial and reproductive behaviour of Italians who migrated to Belgium after the Second World War. Migrants were either already married, or later became married, to other Italians. Among the children of migrants, men equally chose Italian or Belgian wives but women tended to prefer Italian partners. Italian-Belgian marriages were more frequent among the better educated groups. Family size is smaller among migrants marrying after migration and in heterogamous marriages. Significant differences in birth intervals are found when marriage occurred before or after migration, between generations, and between homogamous and heterogamous marriages.
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Budu, Eugene, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Abdul-Aziz Seidu, John Elvis Hagan, Wonder Agbemavi, James Boadu Frimpong, Collins Adu, Kwamena Sekyi Dickson, and Sanni Yaya. "Child Marriage and Sexual Autonomy among Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from 31 Demographic and Health Surveys." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (April 3, 2021): 3754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073754.

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Child marriage has a variety of undesirable consequences at the peril of women’s health and autonomy. In this study, we examined the association between child marriage and sexual autonomy among women in sub-Saharan Africa. We utilised data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 31 countries in sub-Saharan Africa between 2010 and 2019. A total of 218,578 women aged 20–49 were included in this study. Multivariable binary logistic regression models were used to show the association between child marriage and sexual autonomy. Crude odds ratio (cOR) and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) were used in presenting the results. The prevalence of child marriage and sexual autonomy was 44.51% and 83.35%, respectively. Compared to women who married at 18 years or above, those who married at less than 18 were less likely to have sexual autonomy, and this persisted after controlling for important covariates. In terms of the country-specific results, women who experienced child marriage were less likely to have sexual autonomy in Burundi, Congo DR, Nigeria, and Niger. With the covariates, lower odds of sexual autonomy were found among women with no formal education, those whose partners had no formal education, those who were not exposed to media, and non-working women. Child marriage was found to be associated with sexual autonomy. There is a need to strengthen policies and programmes such as compulsory basic education, poverty alleviation, and an increase in access to media that aim at reducing child marriage. These interventions will help to improve sexual autonomy among women, especially in this 21st century where individuals and organisations incessantly advocate for gender equality.
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Harrell, Thomas W. "The Association of Marriage and MBA Earnings." Psychological Reports 72, no. 3 (June 1993): 955–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.72.3.955.

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Sex differences in MBA careers were investigated to test three hypotheses: (1) men will advance in management more than women, (2) women will show more emotional reaction to career stress than men, (3) single women will progress more equally to single men than will be true for married women compared to married men. All three of the hypotheses were supported. Men earned more. In 1990 Kazal-Thresher found starting sex segregation by industry and occupation to explain some differences in earnings. Men worked longer hours, had more stable employment, achieved a general manager position more frequently, and had higher job satisfaction than women. Women, especially married women, expressed more frustration about careers than did men. Single women were not significantly different from single men in earnings, hours of work, stability of employment, and job satisfaction. Single women did not achieve a position as general manager as frequently as did single men.
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Zulaiha, Eni, and Ayi Zaenal Mutaqin. "The Problems of The Marriage Age Changing in Indonesia in the Perspectives of Muslim Jurists and Gender Equality." Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama 4, no. 2 (August 13, 2021): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/hanifiya.v4i2.13538.

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The rules regarding the age limit for marriage as contained in Article 7 of Law no. 1 of 1974, which states that the minimum age of marriage for men is 19 years and for women is 16 years. These rules were amended through law no. 16 of 2019, which stipulates that the age limit for marriage, both for men and women, are in the same age, 19 years old. This change is intended to bring benefits of marriage minimizes the conflict in the household. But in fact, the changing age limit for marriage still creates some problems; for example, not a few Muslims view that in Islam, there are no provisions regarding age limits and there are dispensations for those forced to marry under a predetermined age. This research aims to find out the problematics of the law on changing the age limit for marriage. The research approach used qualitative with descriptive analysis methods and literature review. The results of the study indicate that there are several problems regarding the age limit between First, Islamic law does not stipulate a minimum age for marriage, so that some people do not heed the provision; Second, there are some rules regarding dispensation for those who want to get married at the age of 19 by putting forward to the court. This is an opportunity to violate the regulations; Third, changes to the law that have raised the age limit for marriage, in reality, in society, have not been able to stop the rate of early-age marriage.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Marriage Marriage Married women Equality"

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Koivunen, Julie M. "Women's perspectives on issues of equality in their marriages a qualitative analysis /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 0.26 Mb., 180 p, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1042538431&Fmt=7&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Yao, Tracy. "How to Get Married: An Examination of the Marriage Equality Litigation Strategy." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/523.

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Marriage equality exists in 35 states and the District of Columbia. Activists are waiting on the Supreme Court to issue a ruling and bring the movement to its conclusion. Critics of litigation claim that its effects are limited at best, and that the movement's desired result could be achieved without stepping foot in a courtroom. This Article seeks to examine the marriage equality movement's strategy for getting to this point, particularly the role of courts, and argues that litigation was an effective and necessary means of expanding the freedom to marry.
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Bosley-Smith, Emma R. "Before and After `I Do': Marriage Processes For Mid-Life Gay and Lesbian Married Couples." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1490879787728175.

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Soukup, Karla S. Jr. "Choice, Chance, or Circumstance: A Qualitative Study of Never-Married and Once-Married Women's Marriage Beliefs in Midlife." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46480.

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Although previous research on singlehood has often focused on middlfe-class career women, little is known about the life experiences of non-career path single women. This study examined the core marriage beliefs of never-married and once-married child-free, midlife women and the ways in which those beliefs have evolved over time. The sample consisted of 10 women, 5 never-married and 5 once-married between the ages of 35 and 48. For the purposes of this inquiry, non-career path was codetermined on the basis of occupation and educational background.

The theoretical framework that guided this study combined a life course approach with a feminist perspective. Respondents were recruited through extensive networking and the sampling technique of snowballing. A qualitative methodology was employed utilizing the research strategy of in-depth interviewing. Data were analyzed on the basis of emergent themes and patterns.

This study produced 3 salient findings. First, the process of forming core marriage beliefs is similar between never- married and once-married women. Although an experience of marrying (or an experience of not marrying) may change the way a woman views herself within the context of her marital beliefs, those core marital beliefs do not necessarily change. Second, whether never-married or once-married, single midlife women live ambivalent lives: acknowledging their singlehood status while simultaneously remaining hopeful of attaining a marital union. Finally, women made a clear distinction between getting married and marrying successfully. While most believed that getting married was a choice, having a successful marriage was a result of chance. Despite this appraisal, the ideal of marriage remained pervasive regardless of age or past experience.
Master of Science

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Cole, Marcy L. "The experience of never-married women in their thirties who desire marriage and children." Click here for text online. The Institute of Clinical Social Work Dissertations website, 1999. http://www.icsw.edu/_dissertations/cole_1999.pdf.

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Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 1999.
A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
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Faubert, Kandice Michelle. ""This isn't a fairy tale" an exploration of marital expectations and coping among married women" /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1226116928.

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Frank, Beth. "Conjoint treatment : impact on married couples with and without PMS." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/917831.

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The goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a marital systems approach to the treatment of women with self-referred premenstrual syndrome. The first purpose of the study was to identify any significant differences on the Global Distress Scale of the Marital Satisfaction Inventory and the Causal Dimension Scale between (PMS+) and (PMS-) married couples before and after marital treatment. The second purpose of the study was to determine any significant differences on dependent measures of averaged marital ratings between (PMS+) and (PMS-) wives during thecycle ratings between (PMS+) and (PMS-) wives.Nine married couples participated in a group comparison study through Community Hospitals of Indianapolis, Indiana. The study was conducted in two phases, including a three month assessment phase followed by a two month treatment phase. Four married couples whose wives met the DSM-III-R's diagnostic criteria for Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder were included in the (PMS+) group. Five married couples whose wives did not meet the diagnostic criteria for LLPDD were included in the (PMS-) comparison group.Statistical analyses revealed significant time effects; assessment and treatment purpose of the study was differences on dependent phase of the study. The third to identify any significant measures of averaged menstrual no three-way or two-way interactive effects for any of the three hypotheses. The results clinically support the notion of treating marriages with PMS versus solely treating women with PMS. Regardless of whether wives prospectively confirmed premenstrual symptoms, treatment involving the marriage impacted menstrual cycle symptom ratings and perceptions of the marriage positively.
Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Forsberg, Edit. "Marriage and individualism - is there a connection? : Highly educated women in Stockholm in 2020." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-186349.

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This study examines the values underlying marriage formation before childbearing among highly educated women living in Stockholm. This group has been shown in previous research to have increasing propensity to enter marriage before childbearing, due to changing values. Previous studies have suggested a possible connection between rising individualism and gender equality on the one hand, and a new marriage trend on the other hand, noted especially among the highly educated in large cities in Sweden. The values underlying the rise in marriage popularity is yet to be explored which is the aim of the present study based on 20 indepth interviews. The analysis is guided by theories on individualism and gender equality by Anthony Giddens, Ulrich Beck and Gøsta Esping-Andersen. The results show that rising individualism has created a need for relationship stabilizing tools, where marriage works as a practical security measure for relatively new relationships, prior to having children. The results also show that for the group in the study childbearing and marriage are strongly connected. In contrast to individualization theories this  study shows that high marriage propensity can coexist with high levels of individualization.
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Davidsson, Camilla, and Elina Anderson. "Caught in the twilight zone : Mobile money - one solution to the multiple expectations faced by married women in Mbarara, Uganda." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-42183.

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Women’s subordination in marital relations is a problematic issue causing socio-economic imbalance between spouses. These issues are found within the system of Uganda’s patriarchal society. Mobile money (m-money) is a service that entered the Ugandan market in 2009 that allows transferring and withdrawing money and paying bills with your cellphone without being connected to a formal bank. Earlier research shows positive impact of m-money use for women’s entrepreneurship in a male-privileged society. These realities render interest towards investigating how m-money effects women and if it has any impact on their self esteem in their marital relation. The study aims to understand the effect of women’s use of m-money in a marital relation. The field study was carried out in Mbarara using interviews and observations to approach the issue. Ugandan women have a lower position within the marital relation as well as in society in general since it is the man who heads of the family. The study reveals an existing lack of trust between spouses, resulting in the exclusion of one another from their individual finances. This lack of trust becomes an impediment of mutual support within the marriage. Furthermore the study shows that women from a higher strata use m-money as a security line of income and gives leeway to meet both traditional expectations such as care taking of children and modern expectations to be employed within the formal sector. The lower strata of women who use m-money tend to protect the money from their husbands who have different priorities than their wives. Through m-money women are given a tool allowing them to circumvent economic confrontations between the spouses and the societal hierarchal structures. The economic security creates a reality where women are less vulnerable because of their independence. The gained independence can however be deemed as a less bad alternative to dependence as it gives them a stronger foundation to manage the combination of the above-mentioned traditional and modern expectations within society.
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Lappin, Chelsea Michelle. "‘Irreconcilable Differences’?: The Experiences of Middle-Class Women Combining Marriage and Work in Post-War English Speaking Canada (1945-1960)." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38594.

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Following the Second World War, middle-class married women in English speaking Canada became for the first time a significant proportion of the labour force. Nonetheless, society still encouraged them to take up their domestic roles as housewives and mothers. They were subjected to discriminatory government policy, justified by traditional gender norms supported by academic research and popular social commentators. As a result, their lives became increasingly divorced from the prescriptions that encouraged them to remain at home. The differences meant that their work, and its associated challenges, went unrecognized. Drawing on a broad range of sources, this thesis explores how and why middle class women – especially married ones- entered the workforce, the public’s reactions to their work, and how they negotiated the difference between prescriptions and their lives. It demonstrates that the 1950s were a watershed moment for women’s labour. Married women gained greater recognition of their place in the workforce, and obtained incremental changes to minimize discriminatory policy, practice, and attitudes. Accordingly, their efforts were foundational for the future women’s labour movements and Second Wave Feminist movement in the 1960s and 1970s.
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Books on the topic "Marriage Marriage Married women Equality"

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Bhatnagar, J. P. Offences against women: Marriage & married women. Allahabad: Ashoka Law House, 1987.

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Saville, Diana. The marriage bed. London: Sceptre, 1995.

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The marriage bed. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996.

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Marriage. New York, N.Y., U.S.A: Penguin Books, 1986.

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Ferrier, Susan. Marriage. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.

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Herbert, Foltinek, ed. Marriage. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

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Herbert, Foltinek, ed. Marriage. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.

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Marriage. London: Virago, 1986.

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Susan, Ferrier. Marriage. New York, N.Y., U.S.A: Penguin Books, 1986.

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Law, Susan Kay. The paper marriage. New York: Berkley Books, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Marriage Marriage Married women Equality"

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Thi, Le. "Women, Marriage, Family, and Gender Equality." In Vietnam’s Women in Transition, 61–73. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24611-3_4.

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Yang, Jing. "Grounded theory method and married women with disabilities in Bai Township." In Disability Identity and Marriage in Rural China, 10–32. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge research on social work, social policy and social development in greater China; 5: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315101576-2.

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Chaudhry, Shruti. "“Now It Is Difficult to Get Married”: Contextualising Cross-Regional Marriage and Bachelorhood in a North Indian Village." In Scarce Women and Surplus Men in China and India, 85–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63275-9_5.

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Hossain, Naomi. "The SDGs and the Empowerment of Bangladeshi Women." In The Palgrave Handbook of Development Cooperation for Achieving the 2030 Agenda, 453–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57938-8_21.

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AbstractThis chapter describes Bangladesh’s successes with advancing gender equality in the period of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), locating their origins in elite commitment to including women in the development process, and in the partnerships and aid that built the state and NGO capacity to reach them. The chapter reflects on the lessons of Bangladesh’s innovative and unexpected advances in the light of the new challenges posed by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), notably those of early marriage and the achievement of decent work. The chapter asks whether contemporary conditions suggest that the elite commitment and state capacity that drove progress on the MDGs are up to meeting the more contentious and complex goals of the SDGs.
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Yonemoto, Marcia. "Marriage." In The Problem of Women in Early Modern Japan. University of California Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520292000.003.0004.

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The chapter focuses on the contradictions between ideals and practices of marriage. Once married, convention decreed that a woman was to devote herself loyally and exclusively to her husband and his family. And yet among all classes divorce and remarriage were frequent, and women more often than not maintained close relationships to their own families throughout their married lives. The chapter examines instructional manuals’ dictates on marriage, the economy and politics of marriage as an alliance between families, and popular cultural images of wives and wifely behavior. The experience of married life is traced through the lives of Kuroda Tosako (1682-1753), Sekiguchi Chie, and Itō Maki.
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Strock, Carren. "The Reality of Marriage." In Married Women Who Love Women, 119–40. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429274633-11.

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"Th e Reality of Marriage." In Married Women Who Love Women, 157–78. Routledge, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203886632-18.

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Macedo, Stephen. "The Special Status of Marriage." In Just Married. Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691166483.003.0005.

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This chapter considers the symbolic dimension of marriage, noting that the symbolism of marriage has been most central to the very public political debates over same-sex marriage. It first examines the arguments against preserving marriage as a status relation in law and asks whether marriage as a civil institution deserves its special status in law. It then discusses the uses of marriage as a status relationship defined by law, the law and public meaning of marriage, and the idea of marital commitment. It also makes the case for marriage from the standpoint of our deepest commitments to equality and freedom and argues that retaining “marriage” as a distinctive status in law serves both justice and the public good.
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Günay, Semra. "Geography of Female Suicide." In Handbook of Research on Race, Gender, and the Fight for Equality, 580–613. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0047-6.ch025.

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Suicide is a complex structure and also affects the families whose members commit suicide, health care professionals and society. Suicide is accepted as a form of death of external causes. It can be predicted and majority of suicides can be prevented. Suicide shows a big amount of differences depending on time, region, age level, gender and race. In order to understand and prevent suicide, several geographical, medical, psychosocial, cultural and socioeconomic factors have been studied. A tiny disorder in one of these factors may cause a significant change that results in severe outcomes. In preventing suicide, it is important to determine the subgroups that have high risk. Strategies to prevent suicide can be developed through searching and understanding the suicide geography. In this study, the spatial pattern of female suicide is examined with suicide maps. With suicide maps, it is aimed to clarify the spatial alteration of the deaths caused by female suicide, to help in focusing on female suicide, to increase the awareness of the specific regions and groups that have a high risk and to guide those who are dealing with decreasing the death ratios, public health experts and decision makers. In Turkey, according to the suicide rate averages of ten years (2002-2011), mostly the young age groups are at risk among women. The ratio of suicides caused by family incompatibility, educational failure and emotional relationship and not forced marriage is higher in females than in males. Turkey is a northern hemisphere country and features subtropical climate types, where females mostly commit suicide in summer and spring seasons. It is observed that there is no peak period in female suicide in Turkey. When the distribution of suicide based death ratios are examined, it is seen that the highest ratios are in the eastern and western parts of Turkey. It is seen that suicide occurs in the provinces with low socioeconomic status as well as the provinces with high socioeconomic status and in provinces with both a large population and a small population. And also it is determined that for those provinces, detailed studies should immediately be started. It is seen that the ratio of female suicide is getting higher and approaching to the ratio of male suicide from western parts to eastern parts of Turkey. Between these years, 75% of the suicides were committed by means of violent methods and 25% of them were committed by means of nonviolent methods. The provinces where the ratio of using violent suicide methods is higher than the standard deviation are located in the eastern part of the country. It is noteworthy that the ratio of female suicide victims who are single is close to the ratio of those who are married. The suicide ratio of married women is decreasing from west to east.
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"7. Family, Marriage, and Equality." In Believing Women in Islam, 51–72. University of Texas Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/315880-010.

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Conference papers on the topic "Marriage Marriage Married women Equality"

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Anggraini, Wella, and Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari. "Factors Associated with Early Marriage among Young Women in Blora, Central Java: Evidence for Theory of Planned Behavior." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.94.

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ABSTRACT Background: Child marriage is the result of the interplay of economic and social forces. In communities where the practice is prevalent, marrying a girl as a child is part of a cluster of social norms and attitudes that reflect the low value accorded to the human rights of girls. Child marriage has many effects on girls’ health. This study aimed to assess factors associated with early marriage among young women in Blora, Central Java, Indonesia. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was carried out in Blora, Central Java, from September to October 2019. A sample of 200 married female was selected randomly. The dependent variable was early marriage. The independent variables were intention, attitude, parental income, peer support, teacher support, culture, female value, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control. Results: The risk of early marriage increased with supportive culture toward early marriage (OR= 5.34; 95% CI= 1.12 to 25.34; p= 0.035), negative female value (OR= 5.27; 95% CI= 1.04 to 26.72; p= 0.045), supportive attitude toward early marriage (OR= 10.2; 95% CI= 1.99 to 52.8; p= 0.005), and weak perceived behavior control (OR= 33.8; 95% CI= 4.18 to 273.67; p= 0.001). The risk of early marriage decreased with peer support toward delayed marriage (OR= 0.09; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.50; p= 0.006), high parental income (OR= 0.16; 95% CI= 0.03 to 0.87; p= 0.034), parental support toward delayed marriage (OR= 0.07; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.38; p= 0.002), positive female value (OR= 0.09; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.45; p= 0.003), weak intention toward early marriage (OR= 0.19; 95% CI= 0.04 to 0.91; p= 0.039), and weak subjective norm (OR= 0.10; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.59; p= 0.011). Conclusion: The risk of early marriage increases with supportive culture toward early marriage, negative female value, supportive attitude toward early marriage, and weak perceived behavior control. The risk of early marriage decreases with peer support toward delayed marriage, high parental income, parental support toward delayed marriage, positive female value, weak intention toward early marriage, and weak subjective norm. Keywords: early marriage, adolescents, theory of planned behavior Correspondence: Wella Anggraini. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: wellaanggraini89@gmail.com. Mobile: 081215216795. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.94
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Nursih Widiastuti, Fetia, and Dwini Handayani. "Violence Against Young Married Women: The mpact of Child Marriage on Subjective Well-Being in Indonesia." In Proceedings of the Asia Pacific Business and Economics Conference (APBEC 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/apbec-18.2019.44.

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Choi, SooAn, and YoungSoon Kim. "A LIFE-HISTORY CASE STUDY ON SELF-RELIANCE EXPERIENCE OF DIVORCED MIGRANT WOMEN." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end064.

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This study aims to examine the life history of migrant women who have experienced divorce in a socio-cultural context. Five people participated in the study, and they have been living in self-reliance support facilities since their divorce. They were selected from interviews on the life history of 80 married migrant women, which were funded by the Korea Research Foundation from 2017 to 2019. The method of research is a life-historical case study. The results of the study are as follow; first, their marriage was to escape gender hierarchy and poverty in their home country. Therefore, it was confirmed that marriage migration took place within the transnational trend of feminization of migration. Second, self-reliance support facilities provide strong social support for divorced migrant women. As a result, it works as an important space that allows them to escape from voluntary self-exclusion and explore new subjectivity. Suggestions of the implications are as follow; the social support from self-reliance support facilities after divorce is a driving factor that is the subjective and active effort of single-parent migrant women. Discussions should continue that those who are free from the spouses of the people can live as practical and public citizens of Korean society.
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Reports on the topic "Marriage Marriage Married women Equality"

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Goldin, Claudia. Marriage Bars: Discrimination Against Married Women Workers, 1920's to 1950's. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2747.

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Carlson, Lisa. Marriage in the U.S.: Twenty-five Years of Change, 1995-2020. National Center for Family and Marriage Research, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25035/ncfmr/fp-20-29.

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The marriage rate in the U.S. has fallen over the last 25 years, while the rate of premarital cohabitation has increased (Cherlin 2020; FP-17-05). In 1995, the marriage rate was about 45 per 1,000 women, falling to about 31 per 1,000 women by 2020 (FP-20-21). Using data from the 1995 and 2020 Current Population Survey, this family profile investigates 25 years of change in marriage among women aged 18-49. Updating FP-15-17, the profile also examines variation in the share of women ever married by age, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment.
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Haberland, Nicole, Erica Chong, and Hillary J. Bracken. Married adolescents: An overview. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1005.

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The nascent work reviewed in this compendium indicates that married girls experience significant social isolation and limited autonomy. Across the studies examined, on indicators of mobility, exposure to media, and social networks, married girls are consistently disadvantaged compared to their unmarried peers. Similarly, across studies, on most of the domains explored here (mobility, decision-making, control over economic resources, and possibly gender-based violence), married girls tend to be less empowered and more isolated than slightly older married females. There may also be health issues associated with marriage during adolescence. Married girls are frequently at a disadvantage in terms of reproductive health information—particularly regarding STIs and HIV. First-time mothers, many of whom are adolescents, by virtue of their parity may have distinct maternal health needs and risks. Finally, early marriage potentially plays a role in exposing girls and young women to severe reproductive health risks, including HIV. Many of these elevated health risks may be largely, though not exclusively, derivative of their social vulnerability.
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Bruce, Judith, and Shelley Clark. Including married adolescents in adolescent reproductive health and HIV/AIDS policy. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1002.

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The majority of sexually active girls aged 15–19 in developing countries are married, and married adolescent girls tend to have higher rates of HIV infection than their sexually active, unmarried peers. Married adolescent girls represent a sizable fraction of adolescents at risk and experience some of the highest rates of HIV prevalence of any group. Nonetheless, married adolescents have been marginal in adolescent HIV/AIDS policies and programs and have not been the central subjects for programs aimed at adult married women. This paper offers a partial explanation for why married adolescents have so often been overlooked, the reasons why marriage might bring elevated risk of HIV, initial analytic tools to assist policymakers in determining how to accord appropriate levels of priority to the marriage process, five brief case studies, and a menu of potential policy interventions and actions to make married adolescents an integral part of reproductive health and HIV-prevention initiatives.
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Barker, Gary, Jorge Lyra, and Benedito Medrado. The roles, responsibilities, and realities of married adolescent males and adolescent fathers: A brief literature review. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1004.

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From the perspective of developing countries, we know relatively little about married adolescent males and adolescent fathers, and much of what we know is inferred from research with young women or comes from a few specific regions in the world. However, there has been a growing interest in the issue on the part of researchers, policy-makers, and program staff. This interest has coincided with increasing attention in general to men, with gender studies, and with sexual and reproductive health initiatives. Early marriage and early childbearing are much more prevalent among young women than young men, and the negative consequences are more significant among young women. Nonetheless, it is the behavior and attitudes of men, within social contexts where gender hierarchies favor men over women, that often create young women’s vulnerability. Much of the research and literature on adolescent fathers comes from Latin America, the Caribbean, North America, and Europe. This paper reviews some of the literature on young married men and young fathers, concluding with suggestions for engaging young men to promote better reproductive and sexual health and more favorable life outcomes for married adolescent women and young men.
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Haberland, Nicole, Erica Chong, and Hillary J. Bracken. A world apart: The disadvantage and social isolation of married adolescent girls. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1010.

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This brief is based on a paper prepared for the WHO/UNFPA/Population Council Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents, held in Geneva, Switzerland, December 9–12, 2003. The consultation brought together experts from the United Nations, donors, and nongovernmental agencies to consider the evidence regarding married adolescent girls’ reproductive health, vulnerability to HIV infection, social and economic disadvantage, and rights. The relationships to major policy initiatives—including safe motherhood, HIV, adolescent sexual and reproductive health, and reproductive rights—were explored, and emerging findings from the still relatively rare programs that are directed at this population were discussed. Despite the program attention and funding that have been devoted to adolescents, early marriage and married adolescents have fallen largely outside of the field’s concern. Comprising the majority of sexually active adolescent girls in developing countries, this large and vulnerable subpopulation has received neither program and policy consideration in the adolescent sexual and reproductive health field, nor special attention from reproductive health and development programs for adult women. While adolescent girls, irrespective of marital status, are vulnerable in many settings and deserve program, policy, and resource support, the purpose of this brief is to describe the distinctive and often disadvantaged situations of married girls and to propose possible future policy and program options.
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Carter, Becky. Women’s and Girls’ Experiences of Security and Justice in Somaliland. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.077.

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This rapid review seeks to provide an overview of the publicly available literature from the academic, donor, and non-government organisation sources on women’s and girls’ experiences of statutory and customary security and justice in Somaliland. In Somaliland women and girls experience poor security, with high rates of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), and significant barriers to gender equality in the pluralistic legal system. The predominant clan-based customary justice system, along with conservative social norms and religious beliefs, discriminates against women and girls, while weak formal state institutions are not able to deliver accessible and effective justice for vulnerable and marginalised groups. Social stigma silences SGBV survivors and their families, with many rape crimes resolved through customary compensation or marriage. National and international organisations have undertaken various activities to promote gender equality in security and justice, with support provided to formal and informal security and justice institutions and actors at national and local levels, as well as initiatives to empower women and girls.
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Child marriage briefing: Mali. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy19.1002.

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This brief provides an overview of child marriage as well as the particulars of child marriage in Mali. Mali is home to 11.6 million people, with 47 percent of its population under age 15. Approximately 73 percent of the population live on less than US$1 a day, and life expectancy is 45 years. Mali has one of the most severe crises of child marriage in the world today. The legal age of marriage is 18 for girls and 21 for boys, but girls may be married as early as age 15 with parental consent. For civil marriages, the law dictates that prospective spouses discuss and agree on whether their union will be polygynous or monogamous; however, a woman’s say in the matter is minimal given her limited options. The payment of bride price is recognized by law, promoting the perception that wives are the property of husbands. In addition, female genital circumcision affects nearly all Malian women, with 61 percent of circumcisions occurring before age 5. Included in this brief are recommendations to promote later, chosen, and legal marriage.
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Child marriage briefing: Zambia. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy19.1005.

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This brief provides an overview of child marriage as well as the particulars of child marriage in Zambia. This landlocked southern African nation is home to 10.9 million people, with 47 percent of its population under age 15. Zambia is one of the poorest countries in the world; nearly two out of three Zambians live on less than US$1 a day. The country’s economic growth was hindered by declining copper prices and a prolonged drought in the 1980s and 1990s. More recently, the AIDS epidemic has taken a devastating toll: 920,000 adults and children are living with HIV/AIDS, and 630,000 children have been orphaned because of the disease. Child marriage is widespread in Zambia, even though the legal age of marriage is 21 for both males and females. Customary law and practice discriminate against girls and women with respect to inheritance, property, and divorce rights. Domestic violence is a serious problem, with over half of married girls reporting ever experiencing physical violence and more than a third reporting abuse in the past year. Included in this brief are recommendations to promote later, chosen, and legal marriage.
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Forced sexual relations among married young women in developing countries. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1007.

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Recent research in developing countries suggests that a considerable number of young women may experience forced sex within marriage, but most women may be inhibited from reporting these experiences due to shame, fear of reprisal, or deep-rooted unequal gender norms. In September 2003, a global consultative meeting on nonconsensual sex among young people in developing countries was held in New Delhi, India. The meeting was organized by the Population Council in collaboration with World Health Organization/Department of Reproductive Health and Research, and Family Health International/YouthNet. Participants included researchers, legal analysts, representatives from community-based NGOs, policy-makers, and young people themselves. Papers highlighting the nature and prevalence of coercion among married young women were presented. Sessions examined the following issues in relation to nonconsensual sex: experiences of young females and males: prevalence, forms, and contexts; youth perspectives; patterns of transactional sex; roles of the legal system; outcomes of coercion at the individual and community level; interventions to prevent nonconsensual sex and to support and treat victims; and research design and methods. Several recommendations for action to address factors that heighten young women’s vulnerability to coercive sexual relationships within marriage were presented.
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