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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Marshall Island'
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1
Gessas, Jeff. "Indigenous Knowledge on the Marshall Islands: a Case for Recognition Justice." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc822739/.
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Recent decades have marked growing academic and scientific attention to the role of indigenous knowledge in climate change adaptation, mitigation, and detection strategies. However, how indigenous knowledge is incorporated is a point of contention between self-identifying indigenous groups and existing institutions which combat climate change. In this thesis, I argue that the full inclusion of indigenous knowledge is deterred by certain aspects of modernity. In order to overcome the problems of modernity, I argue that a recognition theory of justice is needed as it regards to indigenous knowledge. Recognition justice calls for indigenous groups to retain meaningful control over how and when their indigenous knowledge is shared. To supplement this, I use the Marshall Islands as a case study. The Marshall Islands afford a nice particular case because of their longstanding colonial relationship with the United States and the impending danger they face of rising sea levels. Despite this danger, the Republic of the Marshall Islands calls for increased recognition as leaders in addressing climate change.
2
Rudiak-Gould, Peter. "Facing climate change in the Marshall Islands : a study in the cultural cognition of risk." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:941ace10-3bd7-43e6-894e-28399c80a5be.
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The Marshall Islands may be rendered uninhabitable by sea level rise and other consequences of global climate change within 50 years, a threat with which locals are increasingly familiar via educational events, firsthand environmental observation, and Biblical exegesis. This thesis explores Marshallese attitudes towards this spectre, in particular explaining why ‘ordinary’ Marshall Islanders (if not their government) have strongly favoured a response strategy based on self-blame and local mitigation, rather than other-blame and protest of industrial nations. I argue that this strategy does not stem from ignorance or disempowered pragmatism, but from a moral reading of climate change consonant with Marshallese values. Bringing together literature on traditionalism, entropy, and the cultural cognition of risk, I demonstrate that Marshallese reactions to climate change are intelligible in light of a vigorous pre-existing narrative of self-inflicted cultural decline. Climate change becomes framed as both a cause and a consequence of weakening custom, the over-reliance on foreign things, transforming global warming into a locally resonant, and indeed ideologically appealing, risk. Based upon this case study, I sketch a ‘trajectorial theory of risk perception’ and accompanying research agenda.
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Cannon, Sara E. "Investigating human impacts to coral reefs in the Republic of the Marshall Islands." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62564.
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Both local and global threats are affecting the health of coral reefs worldwide. In addition to endangering the livelihoods and source of food for millions of people, threats to coral reefs may result in flattening reefs, which reduce habitat complexity and the ability of reefs to protect shorelines from erosion. This could be particularly detrimental to low-lying Pacific atolls like those found in the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). I examined the influence of local human disturbance and heat stress on coral and algal community composition in Majuro and Arno Atolls in the RMI to explore how human disturbance affects coral and algal communities, and how to best characterize those communities. With a population of approximately 30,000 people, Majuro is home to the largest population of all of the RMI's 29 atolls and underwent extensive human modifications after American occupation during World War II. By contrast, Arno is home to fewer than 2,000 people and has remained relatively undisturbed. In June of 2016, I conducted benthic surveys at 25 sites along a gradient of human impacts across the two atolls. At each site at 10m depth, I measured percent cover of coral and algae genera and size-frequency of coral. I also utilized limited historical data to explore how reefs had recovered after a thermal stress event in 2014. In order to estimate human disturbance, I used the mean normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the nearby coastline, which measures vegetation intensity. The coral and macroalgae composition of sites differed by atoll, mean NDVI, and wind and wave exposure, but not by sea surface temperature. The most degraded sites had low macroalgae cover and were dominated by turf algae, sponges, and cyanobacteria. One genus of macroalgae, Halimeda, was associated with sites that had low disturbance, while another, Hypnea, was correlated with higher disturbance. These results suggest that using macroalgae as an indicator of degradation may mask the influence of local human disturbance on reef community composition. Instead, it is important to consider identifying other indicator taxa and to measure coral and macroalgae cover to at least the genus level.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Geography, Department of<br>Graduate
4
Deenik, Jonathan Leonard. "Correcting soil nutrient deficiencies with organic materials in the atoll soils of the Marshall Islands." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/597.
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The coralline soils of atolls suffer from multiple nutrient deficiencies that severely limit crop growth. This study was conducted to assess the nutrient status of the soils of the inhabited atolls within the Marshall Islands (MI), and to determine what local materials could be used to correct deficiencies limiting crop growth. Surface and subsoils from 25 atolls were collected and analyzed for their chemical properties, and soil test results were evaluated with a missing element pot study.
Soil tests revealed that the MI soils were severely deficient in K (0.12 cmol c kg -1 ) and marginally deficient in Cu (0.13 ug g -1 ). The missing element study showed that the soil was deficient in K, S, N, P, and Cu. An incubation experiment and a series of greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the ability of locally available organic materials to mineralize N and supply adequate nutrients to crops. Vigna marina and fish meal showed the highest N mineralization capacity, and the Gompertz equation provided the best fit. Chinese cabbage plants grew as well in soils amended with chicken manure, Vigna marina , and copra cake as they did in soil treated with chemical fertilizers. Plants grown in soil amended with fish meal did not grow as well due to inadequate K supply. Nitrogen recovery was highest in V. marina treatment at 92% followed by the chemical control (83%), chicken manure (34%), fish-meal (18%), and copra cake (9%). Added coconut leaves immobilized N and resulted in very poor cabbage growth. Comparisons between relative growth rate (RGR) and nutrient relative accumulation rate (RAR) showed that nutrients supplied from the V. marina amendment to the cabbage plant matched plant demand. In a rate experiment in the greenhouse, adding 10.1 g kg -1 of V. marina leaves (dry weight) supplied 350 mg N kg -1 to 5 week-old corn plants representing 38% of the total amount of N added in the amendment. Splitting the application quantity improved corn growth at the highest addition rate. Copra cake showed less promise as a suitable organic amendment. Supplementing copra with chemical N and P, and V. marina leaves with and without Cu and B did not improve crop growth compared with copra alone. The soil exhibited low P adsorption capacity, and corn and lettuce growth responded to high Olsen P soil levels.
The results of the greenhouse experiments showed that V. marina is a potential organic fertilizer material to correct soil nutrient deficiencies for good crop growth in the Marshall Islands.
5
Walsh, Julianne Marie. "Imagining the Marshalls: Chiefs, tradition, and the state on the fringes of United States empire." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/1247.
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Understandings of the Marshall Islands require attention to the interplay of multiple discourses of tradition, modernity, chiefs, development, and democracy from
multiple sources that critically interact and mutually construct the Marshall Islands. This multi-sited, multi-vocal ethnography explores the reproduction and transformation of historic power relationships between Marshallese chiefs and commoners who incorporate and "indigenize" foreign discourses and resources into culturally informed models and practices of authority. In relationships of unequal power, such as that defined by the Compact of Free Association between the United States and the Republic of the Marshall Islands, dominant global discourses about culture and progress enable both local and transnational
hegemonies. These discourses are contextually analyzed as they are invoked and challenged in Nitijela [parliament] debates, in evaluations of the Compact of Free Association, in elites' autobiographical reflections on Marshallese-American relationships, and in foreign media representations. Historical shifts in the political and economic powers of Marshallese chiefs through three colonial administrations, and the growth of a commoner elite class since World War II further highlight the ways foreign resources are appropriated for specific local purposes that transform understandings of power and authority. With discourse as both object and method of analysis, the agency of local actors is both foregrounded and contextualized. Simplistic characterizations of chiefs, elites, commoners, and foreigners' are complicated through close attention to the ways local loyalties, colonial histories, political rivalries, and global discourses inform and frame expressions of Marshallese identities.
6
Hoffman, Mary Kathryn. "Physiochemical behaviors of radiocesium in a calciferous, post-detonation environment." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1584015906269554.
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Lash, Michael E. "Applicability of DoDAF to the conversion of a crane ship to host a ballistic missile defense test radar and telemetry system." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FLash.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Systems Engineering Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Calvano, C. N. ; Second Reader: Whitcomb, C. "June 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 15, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Department of Defense Architectural Framework, DoDAF, Systems View, Operational View, Missile Defense. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-76). Also available in print.
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Ryan, Daniel Patrick. "Essential principles of contract and sales law in the Northern Pacific Federated States of Micronesia, the Republics of Palau and the Marshall Islands, and United States Territories and political entities /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2009. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3387821.
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Robinson, Sam J. "Empowering U.S. Marshallese Students to Engagement and Active Participation in Learning." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157609/.
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The U.S. Marshallese population is one of the fastest growing Pacific Islander populations in the United States. The purpose of this study was to identify how U.S. Marshallese students could be empowered and engaged in their learning through clearly identified indicators that educators could apply within their classrooms and schools. The indicators have been established on a historical, cultural, and linked perceptions of student learning as identified by U.S. Marshallese students and teachers. Pacific Islanders consisted of a variety of populations with varying cultures and ethnic diversity. This study has been conducted using a postpositivism worldview, Marshallese migration is not a limited phenomenon of displacement, but a migratory change that must be embraced by communities and educators. Educators must understand how to empower and engage U.S. Marshallese students in their learning. This study was designed utilizing an interpretative descriptive naturalistic ethnography qualitative research design with middle school students and teachers to gather qualitative data from U.S. Marshallese students that will lead to a contextual understanding of empowering and engaging U.S. Marshallese students in their learning. The findings of this qualitative research study can be applied by educators to empower and engage U.S. Marshallese students in their learning on a daily basis in schools and classrooms. Culture understanding, positive relationship building, and the design of culturally connected intrinsically student motivated learning activities is the foundation and critical component of empowering and engaging U.S. Marshallese students in school and classrooms for improved student learning.
10
Shannon, Jamie. "When Curiosity Kills More Than the Cat: The Perils of Unchecked Scientific Inquiry." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/71.
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Dvorak, Gregory E. "Remapping home : touring the betweenness of Kwajalein." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11781.
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Saunders, Angela. "Small Island, Big Talk: A Study of the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Capacity to Respond to Social Change Issues." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/7424.
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The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) is a Small Island State (SIS) with 29 atolls and five islands, it is a geographically and logistically isolated region of the world that lacks infrastructure and social service delivery. The negative impacts of social change related to urbanization and loss of tradition are of concern. This thesis is an exploratory study, utilizing a capacity development framework, of the RMI’s ability to respond to social change issues. The objectives are; to characterize the current social change issues, to identify the current capacity of the government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to respond to social change issues, and to prioritize the gaps in government and NGO programming to address social change issues. Through qualitative methods the results identified that government and NGOs have an understanding of the root cause of social change issues, but lack capacity at the enabling environment and individual levels.<br>Richard and Sophie Hungerford Graduate Travel Scholarship
13
"Discoveries and Collisions: The Atom, Los Alamos, and The Marshall Islands." Doctoral diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.30068.
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abstract: In September 1945, after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the United States possessed only one nuclear weapon. Thirteen years later, in September 1958, the nation possessed a significant stockpile of nuclear weapons, including the very powerful hydrogen bomb. The United States was able to build its stockpile of nuclear weapons because the Los Alamos Laboratory, once a secret wartime facility, was able to convert the forces of nature – fission and fusion – into weapons of war. The United States also was successful because of the sacrifice made by a tiny Pacific Ocean nation, The Marshall Islands, and the people of Bikini, Enewetak, and Rongelap Atolls. Between 1946 and 1958, the United States tested sixty-six nuclear weapons in the Marshall Islands. Nuclear testing contaminated these three atolls and, in one instance, injured the people of Rongelap. As a result of this testing many of these people cannot return to their ancestral homes. This dissertation examines the many conditions that led to the creation of the Los Alamos Laboratory, its testing of nuclear weapons in the Marshall Islands, and the long term, perhaps, permanent, displacement of the people of Bikini, Enewetak, and Rongelap.<br>Dissertation/Thesis<br>Doctoral Dissertation History 2015
14
Moh, Gwo-jong, and 莫國中. "Improvement of the Vegetable Production and Marketing System on Marshall Islands." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56066198312718237112.
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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>熱帶農業暨國際合作研究所<br>93<br>Due to the geographic isolation, lack of technique and information, and short of labor, agricultural development on Marshall Islands is therefore quite restricted. In the case of vegetable industry, farmers heavily rely on the assistance and services provided by Taiwan Technical Mission. Therefore, the objective of this study is to discuss popper extension strategies and their operation in vegetable production and marketing system on Marshall Islands, which can serve as the basis for Taiwan Technical Mission to transfer the technology to local vegetable growers later.
In this study, primary data in terms of current farm operation, farmers’ knowledge about farming environment, and farmers’ attitude toward farmer organization, were collected through a survey in the form of questionnaire. 23 individual vegetable farmers were interviewed. Applying the “grounded theory method” on the information collected from the survey, it was concluded that, in the areas of production input and production, the major problems were “poor land quality,” “small and scattered land,” “lack of techniques,” “short of labor”, and “short of materials.” Therefore, the suggestions of establishing jointly operated compost center, seedling nursing center, agricultural mechanic center, material supply center were proposed in
this study. On the other hand, in the area of marketing, the existing problems were identified to be “small domestic market,” “fierce import competition,” “exploitation by supermarkets,” and “limited knowledge in post-harvest treatment.” Thus, the development of jointly marketing, standardization of grading and sorting, control of quality, and expansion of markets were suggested.
Applying “Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat” (SWOT) analysis, four extension strategies were then identified. They are “training specialized labors in production and marketing,” “adoption of lower input approach,” “creating an integrated system of production and marketing” and “establishing an individual farmer organization.”
To secure the sustainability of profitable operation after the technology transfer to local vegetable growers, the main extension challenge for Taiwan Technical Mission on Marshall Islands is to shift from “support driven” to “demand driven.” In addition, coalition with the power of community to reach the aim of “community participatory extension” was also suggested. In this way, the Taiwan Technical Mission would be the center of this “community participatory extension” system so that the communication and cooperation can be more effective and intensive, which would increase the capacity and efficiency of extension. To Taiwan Technical Mission stationed on Marshall Islands, the idea of technology transfer is not only confined in the skills and technique related in agricultural production, but also the philosophy and methodologies of Taiwan farmer organization.
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Jarom, Cassailis, and 傑龍. "Taiwan''s Developmental Aid to the Marshall Islands（1998-2018）." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/c4xtdb.
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碩士<br>淡江大學<br>國際事務與戰略研究所碩士班<br>106<br>This thesis report analyzes the history of diplomatic relations between the Republic of China (ROC), Taiwan and the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), followed by the examination of Taiwan’s foreign aid and contribution to the country. It provides three important questions that help us understand how the Taiwan’s assistance to the Marshall Islands are operated and what challenges they are facing. With the complexity of Taiwan’s global status, this report leads us to further understand the vital role of Taiwan in the international community, particularly its significant contribution toward the underdeveloped countries. In this study, we are going to use the case of Taiwan’s foreign aid policies to the Marshall Islands.
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Miller, Rachel. "Wa Kuk Wa Jimor: Outrigger Canoes, Social Change, and Modern Life in the Marshall Islands." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/21114.
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Labriola, Monica. ""Iien ippān doon: This time together : celebrating survival in an 'atypical Marshallese community'." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/21110.
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Knight, Christopher James Snazel. "Raising Islands." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6755.
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In an era of dawning anthropogenic climate change, people of atoll nations face grievous threats to their future. Rising sea levels, warming oceans, and changing weather patterns conspire with economic isolation, rapidly growing populations, and the loss of traditional livelihoods to perpetuate conditions of dependence and wardship which threaten the very existence of their island homes. This project examines an atoll nation of the equatorial Pacific, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, where the outward appearance of pristine tropical paradise belies a tragic history of nuclear weapons and ballistic missile testing at the hands of the US military. While the islands have been consistently framed in rhetoric which stresses vulnerability, smallness and unsustainability, this project contests the limited scope of the regimes of power in Oceania by considering how the independent, grassroots actions of local groups of islanders have achieved surprising and dramatic results in defiance of the policies and planners at the top.
In developing a design proposal for the contemporary condition, this thesis examines the persistent ways in which the islands and people are framed by outsiders. This project engages with the social, political and natural history of the atolls: common tropes are challenged by the actions and agency of a people who have dealt with imperialist outsiders in sophisticated and conscious ways. It explores the traditional cultural practices which enabled the ancestors of the Marshallese people to flourish, and suggests that it is at the level of actions by ordinary people that the most fertile potentials lie, and are in fact already being played out. What forms of urbanism might be appropriate in this environment? How can islanders effectively manage their landscape and engage with the natural processes - as their ancestors once did to a remarkable degree? By pairing traditional techniques with modern technologies, a proposal is synthesized which could empower the contemporary Marshallese to transform their landscape and develop sustainable livelihoods in this extreme and dynamic environmental condition: to build a future which offers the best aspects of both traditional and contemporary ways of life.
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Bergersen, Douglas Donald. "Morphology, seismic stratigraphy, and flexure modeling of selected guyots in the Marshall Islands." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9856.
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Crismon, Sandra. "Negotiating the borders of empire an ethnography of access on Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands /." 2005. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/crismon%5Fsandra%5Fl%5F200512%5Fphd.
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Harrington, Carrie Lynn. "Medical ethnobotany and anti-cancer properties of Vitex rotundifolia L.F." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20450.
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Deenik, Jonathan. "Correcting soil nutrient deficiencies with organic materials in the atoll soils of the Marshall Islands." 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=765959631&SrchMode=1&sid=8&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1209404262&clientId=23440.
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Bevan, Daniel. "Spatiotemporal variability in fatty acid profiles of the copepod Calanus marshallae off the west coast of Vancouver Island." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5980.
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Factors affecting energy transfer to higher trophic levels can determine the survival and
production of commercially important species and thus the success of fisheries
management regimes. Juvenile salmon experience particularly high mortality during
their early marine residence, but the root causes of this mortality remain uncertain. One
potential contributing factor is the food quality encountered at this critical time. The
nutritionally vital essential fatty acids (EFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) are essential to all marine heterotrophs, and their
availability has the potential to affect energy transfer through a limitation-driven food
quality effect. Assessing variability in DHA and EPA in an ecologically important prey
species of juvenile salmon could give insight into the prevalence and severity of food
quality effects. On the west coast of Vancouver Island (WCVI), one such species is the
calanoid copepod Calanus marshallae. This omnivorous species possesses a high
grazing capacity and the ability to store large amounts of lipids. As it is also an important
prey item for a diverse array of predators, including juvenile Pacific salmon, C.
marshallae plays a key role in energy transfer from phytoplankton to high-trophic
iv
consumers. This study quantified spatiotemporal variability in the quality of C.
marshallae as prey for higher trophic levels using three polyunsaturated fatty acid
indicators: DHA:EPA, %EFA and PUFA:SFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated
fatty acids). Samples were collected on the WCVI in May and September of 2010 and
May 2011. The environmental parameters included in the analysis were the phase of the
Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), sea surface temperature (SST), latitude, station depth,
and season (spring versus late summer). Despite a phase shift in the PDO from positive
to negative, overall means of the fatty acid indicators did not vary between May 2010 and
May 2011. Same-station %EFA values rarely fluctuated more than 5%. DHA:EPA
ratios were more variable but without a discernable pattern, while PUFA:SFA ratios
decreased in shelf stations and increased offshore. Contrary to expectations, fatty acid
indicators showed a weak positive correlation or no relationship with SST, nor was there
a relationship with latitude. The narrow temperature range observed across all stations
suggests that temperature may not play a significant role in PUFA availability off the
WCVI. There were, however, significant relationships between the fatty acid indicators
and bottom depth and season. Shelf and slope stations showed significantly higher
%EFA and PUFA:SFA than did offshore stations (depth >800 m), with this gradient
appearing stronger in May than September. While the food quality represented by C.
marshallae was consistent across all shelf stations, the lower food quality observed
offshore could potentially affect juvenile salmon growth along the WCVI where the shelf
narrows to less than 5 km.<br>Graduate<br>dpbevan@uvic.ca
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Urbanc, Klemen. "A comparison of international adoptions of children from the Republic of Marshall Islands in the United States with adoptions of children from China and The Russian Federation." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20897.
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