Relevant bibliographies by topics / Martensite [epsilon]

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Academic literature on the topic 'Martensite [epsilon]'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Martensite [epsilon]"

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Ohmori, Yasuya, and Imao Tamura. "Epsilon carbide precipitation during tempering of plain carbon martensite." Metallurgical Transactions A 23, no. 10 (1992): 2737–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02651753.

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Wei, Shaolou, Menglei Jiang, and Cemal Cem Tasan. "Interstitial-Free Bake Hardening Realized by Epsilon Martensite Reverse Transformation." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 50, no. 9 (2019): 3985–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-019-05344-4.

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Padilha, Angelo Fernando, D. J. M. Aguiar, and R. L. Plaut. "Duplex Stainless Steels: A Dozen of Significant Phase Transformations." Defect and Diffusion Forum 322 (March 2012): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.322.163.

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During processing or use, duplex stainless steels are subject to a great number of significant phase transformations, such as solidification, partial ferrite transformation to austenite, ferrite eutectoid decomposition to sigma phase plus austenite, chi phase precipitation, chromium carbide precipitation, chromium nitride precipitation, ferrite spinodal decomposition, phase dissolution during solution annealing, forming of two types (epsilon and alpha prime) of strain induced martensite, martensite reversion to austenite, ferrite and austenite recrystallization. This paper summarizes the phase transformations that occur (individually or combined) in duplex stainless steels and presents some new results.
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Figueiredo, Roberto B., Felipe L. Sicupira, Livia Raquel C. Malheiros, Megumi Kawasaki, Dagoberto B. Santos, and Terence G. Langdon. "Formation of epsilon martensite by high-pressure torsion in a TRIP steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 625 (February 2015): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2014.11.091.

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Malet, Loic, Chad W. Sinclair, Pascal Jacques, and Stéphane Godet. "Grain Scale Analysis of Variant Selection during the Gamma-Epsilon-Alpha' Phase Transformation in Austenitic Steels." Solid State Phenomena 172-174 (June 2011): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.172-174.84.

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Austenitic steels can exhibit a complex transformation sequence during deformation. Indeed, the austenitic phase transforms first into bands of ε (HCP) martensite. This transformation is then followed by the formation of α’ (BCC) martensite. In this study, the crystallography of the transformation together with the occurrence of variant selection is studied at the scale of individual austenite grains. About ten prior austenite grains deformed at different strain levels in uniaxial tension were analysed by means of EBSD techniques. One of the classical approaches to predict the variant selection phenomenon is based on the calculation of the interaction energy between the macroscopic stress and the shape deformation associated with the formation of the product phase. The formation of the α’ variants was observed to lead to a very strong variant selection that cannot be fully explained by energetic criterion. It is suggested that the crystallography of the transformation sequence can account for the unexpected variants.
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Okada, Hiroyuki, Hideo Sahashi, Ick-Soo Kim, Chang-Yong Kang, Naohiro Igata, and Kazuya Miyahara. "Effect of epsilon martensite on the damping of high strength Fe–Cr–Mn alloys." Materials Science and Engineering: A 370, no. 1-2 (2004): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.08.097.

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Tomota, Y., Y. Morioka, and W. Nakagawara. "Epsilon martensite to austenite reversion and related phenomena in Fe24Mn and Fe24Mn6Si alloys." Acta Materialia 46, no. 4 (1998): 1419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6454(97)00285-1.

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Weiss, Matthias, Katrin Mester, Adam Taylor, and Nicole Stanford. "A critical assessment of deformation twinning and epsilon martensite formation in austenitic alloys during complex forming operations." Materials Characterization 145 (November 2018): 423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2018.09.003.

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Guo, Zhenghong, Yonghua Rong, Shipu Chen, T. Y. Hsu (Xu Zuyao), Jianming Hong, and Xiaoning Zhao. "Reverse Transformation Characteristics of Thermally Induced ε(hcp) Martensite in an Fe–Mn–Si Based Alloy." Materials Transactions, JIM 40, no. 3 (1999): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans1989.40.193.

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Santos, T. F. A., and M. S. Andrade. "Avaliação dilatométrica da reversão das martensitas induzidas por deformação em um aço inoxidável austenítico do tipo ABNT 304." Matéria (Rio de Janeiro) 13, no. 4 (2008): 587–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-70762008000400003.

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Aços inoxidáveis austeníticos da classe ABNT 304, quando deformados, sofrem transformações de fase, gerando as fases martensíticas epsilon, de estrutura hexagonal compacta, e alfa-linha, tetragonal de corpo centrado. As propriedades mecânicas, assim como a conformabilidade desse aço, dependem da morfologia, distribuição e fração volumétrica das martensitas. Ensaios de tração foram realizados nas temperaturas de -50ºC a 20ºC, com deformação verdadeira de 0,03 a 0,12, com o intuito de obter diferentes quantidades de martensitas. Determinou-se a fração volumétrica de martensita alfa-linha através de um ferritoscópio, indicando a diminuição da martensita alfa-linha, com a elevação da temperatura de deformação. Ensaios dilatométricos foram conduzidos na faixa de temperaturas de 50 a 1000ºC a 1ºC/s e mostraram duas transformações de fase, nas faixas de temperaturas de 50 a 200ºC e 500 a 800ºC, que foram relacionadas às transformações reversas epsilon?gama e alfa-linha?gama. A quantidade transformada de epsilon cresce até um máximo, enquanto que a quantidade transformada de alfa-linha aumenta, continuamente, com a deformação. A formação de epsilon precede o aparecimento de alfa-linha e diminui sua quantidade à custa do aumento de martensita alfa-linha.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Martensite [epsilon]"

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Bergeon, Nathalie. "La transformation martensitique gamma-epsilon d'un alliage Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni : Microstructure du dixième de millimètre au dixième de nanomètre et corrélation à la mémoire de forme." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0076.

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L'alliage Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni présente une transformation martensitique de type gamma(CFC)-epsilon(HC) pouvant être induite par refroidissement (martensite thermique) ou par application d'une déformation (martensite de déformation). La martensite est créée par superposition de fautes d'empilements tous les deux plans compacts de l'austénite. La formation des fautes d'empilement est associée au mouvement de dislocations partielles de Shockley. Outre l'étude de la microstructure générale, nous nous sommes intéressés à la caractérisation des empilements de dislocations, le but étant de clarifier les mécanismes de multiplication et de superposition des dislocations partielles. Ces études ont été menées sur les deux types de martensite. De façon à pouvoir généraliser les phénomènes observés, toutes les échelles d'observation ont été explorées du matériau global à l'échelle atomique. Dans ce cadre, de nombreuses techniques de microscopie ont été utilisées : microscopie optique, microscopie électronique à balayage, microscopie à effet tunnel, microscopie électronique en transmission conventionnelle et à haute résolution. Nous avons ainsi pu montrer que la martensite de déformation est créée par superposition de dislocations de Shockley de même vecteur de Burgers, et ce à toutes les échelles. La martensite thermique présente par contre 3 une accommodation des déformations par superposition de dislocations dont les vecteurs de Burgers sont alternés. Les différences microstructurales très nettes observées entre les deux types de martensite ont ainsi pu être analysées sur la base de ces différences d'empilements. A l'issue de ce travail, il est possible de proposer un mécanisme de formation de la martensite de déformation. Les problèmes de réversion de la martensite, d'effet mémoire de forme et de superélasticité sont analysés au travers des résultats obtenus<br>The Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni alloy exhibits a gamma (f. C. C. ) - epsilon (h. C. P. ) martensitic transformation. Martensite can be created by cooling (thermal martensite) or by application of a stress (stress-induced martensite). The transformation is conducted by introduction of stacking faults each second compact plane of the f. C. C. Structure. Faults are created by motion of Shockley partial dislocations. The general microstructure is studied but we also characterize the faults stackings to clarify the mechanisms of superposition and multiplication of Schockley dislocations. Both thermal and stress-induced martensite are studied. All the observation scales from the macroscopic one to the finest one are studied to generalise the results. Many microscopy technics are used: optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (conventionnai and high resolution). We observed that the stress-induced martensite presents a single shear direction stacking. In thermal martensite, the three shear directions are alternated in such a way as the shear strains of individual variants cancel each other. Size of stackings are evaluated. Some microstructural differences are observed between the two martensites and are analysed in relation with the stackings characteristics. At the end of this work, we propose a mechanism to explain the stress-induced martensite formation. The problems of stress-induced martensite reversion, shape memory effect and superelasticity are also analysed
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Dumay, Alexis. "Amélioration des propriétés physiques et mécaniques d'aciers TWIP FeMnXc : influence de la solution solide, durcissement par précipitation et effet composite." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL014N/document.

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Les aciers TWIP se déforment par maclage et par glissement de dislocations, avec pour conséquence de forts taux d’écrouissage. Les mécanismes de déformation sont contrôlés par l’énergie de faute d’empilement (EFE). Un modèle de prévision de l’EFE et une régression de TNéel (transition antiferro/paramagnétique) de l’austénite sont proposés pour les systèmes FeMnXC (X = Cu, Cr, Al, Si et Ti). Les nuances FeMnCuC étudiées ont une EFE plus faible que la nuance de référence Fe22Mn0,6C. La formation de martensite [epsilon]?se substitue au maclage, sans dégradation des caractéristiques mécaniques en traction. La contrainte d'écoulement diminue avec la teneur en carbone et la formation de martensite [alpha]' aux plus basses EFE réduit l'allongement à rupture. La substitution d'une partie du manganèse par du cuivre permet un gain de 20% sur le module d'Young à température ambiante, en abaissant TNéel en dessous de 0ºC. La précipitation intragranulaire de carbures de vanadium augmente la limite d’élasticité mais n’influence pas le taux d’écrouissage. Aucune interaction entre précipités et macles n'a été observée en microscopie. Les calculs de cohérence et les mesures au MET montrent que les carbures ont une relation d'orientation avec l'austénite et sont semi-cohérents avec une faible cohérence résiduelle. Les contraintes induites ne semblent pas suffisantes pour piéger de grandes quantités d'hydrogène. Les alliages FeMnC + TiC présentent un fort durcissement par effet composite en début de déformation, tandis que l'écrouissage par effet TWIP n'est pas modifié par la présence des particules TiC. Cependant, le clivage des précipités primaires de grande taille réduit l'allongement à rupture<br>TWIP steels deformation occurs by twinning and by dislocations gliding which leads to high a strain hardening. The deformation mechanisms are controlled by the stacking fault energy (SFE). A model for the prediction of the SFE and a law for TNéel (antiferro to paramagnetic transition) for austenite are proposed in FeMnXC systems (X = Cu, Cr, Al, Si et Ti). The studied FeMnCuC grades have a lower SFE than the Fe22Mn0,6C reference. The formation of [epsilon]-martensite replaces twinning without any deterioration of the mechanical properties. The flow stress decreases with the carbon content and the formation of [alpha]'-martensite at the lowest SFEs reduces the elongation to fracture. Substituting a part of the manganese content by copper leads to a 20% increase of the Young's Modulus at room temperature by decreasing TNéel below 0ºC. The precipitation of intragranular vanadium carbide increases the yield stress but does not influence the strain hardening rate. No interaction between precipitates and twins has been observed by microscopy. The coherency calculations and the TEM observations show that the carbides have an orientation relation with the austenite and are semi-coherent with a low residual coherency. The resulting stresses do not seem to be high enough to trap large quantities of hydrogen. The FeMnC + TiC alloys exhibit a strong hardening by composite effect at the beginning of deformation, while the strain hardening due to TWIP effect is not modified by the presence of the TiC particles. Meanwhile, cleavage occurs in the largest primary precipitates, which reduces the elongation to fracture
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David, Isabelle. "Mécanismes contrôlant les évolutions structurales dans des aciers faiblement alliés au Nickel-Chrome-Molybdène : analyse détaillée de la transformation bainitique et influence de l'addition silicium au cours du revenu." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112434.

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Les évolutions structurales développées au sein de l'acier faiblement allié 40 NSCD 773 ont été étudiées au cours du chauffage (plus particulièrement lors de la transformation austénitique), ainsi qu'au cours du refroidissement en fonction de paramètres tels que: la température d'austénitisation θɤ et la vitesse de chauffe et de refroidissement. Différents diagrammes du type T. R. C. Ont été tracés pour θɤ=950,1050 et 1150°C. Trois gammes de vitesses caractérisent ces diagrammes, auxquelles correspondent des domaines ou des structures différentes étudiées par ailleurs par microscopie électronique. - Pour des vitesses de refroidissement élevées, la microstructure martensitique est constituée de plaquettes fortement maclées. - Pour des vitesses de refroidissement un peu plus faibles la structure est mixte: martensite en plaquettes, bainite inférieure et austénite résiduelle. Nous avons montré par la détermination des indices des plans d’habit entre, les phases en présence (bainite et austénite) par microscopie électronique sur lames minces et par le calcul, que la formation de la bainite inférieure peut être interprétée en termes de la théorie phénoménologique classiquement développée dans le cadre de la formation de la martensite. - Lorsque la vitesse de refroidissement est faible, la micro structure est constituée d'austénite résiduelle et de bainite supérieure. Un diagramme T. T. T. A été tracé dans le cas d'une· température d'austénitisation égale à 950°C. L'étude du revenu a été effectuée en vue de caractériser l'évolution microstructure et de déterminer les propriétés mécaniques qui en découlent. En dernier lieu, nous avons tenté de dégager l'influence exercée par le silicium soit au cours de refroidissements continus, soit au cours des revenus.
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Gulapura, Hanumantharaju Arun Kumar. "Thermodynamic modelling ofmartensite start temperature in commercial steels." Thesis, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-221719.

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Firstly, an existing thermodynamic model for the predicting of martensite start temperature of commercial steels has been improved to include more elements such as N, Si, V, Mo, Nb, W, Ti, Al, Cu, Co, B, P and S and their corresponding composition ranges for Martensitic transformation. The predicting ability of the existing model is improved considerably by critical assessment of different binary and ternary systems i.e. CALPHAD approach which is by wise selection of experimental data for optimization of the interaction parameters. Understanding the degree of variation in multi-component commercial alloys, various ternary systems such as Fe-Ni-X and Fe-Cr-X are optimized using both binary and ternary interaction parameters. The large variations between calculated and the experimental values are determined and reported for improvements in thermodynamics descriptions.Secondly, model for the prediction of Epsilon martensite start temperature of some commercial steels and shape memory alloys is newly introduced by optimizing Fe-Mn, Fe-Mn-Si and other Fe-Mn-X systems considering the commercial aspects in the recent development of light weight steels alloyed with Al and Si.Thirdly, the effect of prior Austenite grain size (pAGS) on martensite start temperature is introduced into the model in the form of non-chemical contribution which will greatly influence the Gibbs energy barrier for transformation. A serious attempt has been made to describe the dependency of transition between lenticular and thin-plate martensite morphologies on the refinement of prior Austenite grain size.Finally, the model is validated using a data-set of 1500 commercial and novel alloys. Including the newly modified thermodynamic descriptions for the Fe-based TCFE9 database by Thermo-Calc software AB, the model has the efficiency to predict the martensite start temperature of Multi-component alloys with an accuracy of (±) 35 K. The model predictability can be further improved by critical assessment of thermodynamic factors such as stacking faults and magnetism in Fe-Mn-Si-Ni-Cr systems.
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Book chapters on the topic "Martensite [epsilon]"

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Forsik, Stéphane A. J., and Pedro E. J. Rivera-Diaz-del-Castillo. "Martensitic Steels: Epsilon Carbides in Tempered." In Encyclopedia of Iron, Steel, and Their Alloys. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/e-eisa-120052026.

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