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1
Révauger, Jean-Paul. "The Influence of Culture and of Institutional Factors in Social Policy: French Social Policy in Martinique." Social Policy and Society 1, no. 4 (September 12, 2002): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746402004025.
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The standards and structure of social policy in Martinique are now very similar to those in France. However, in spite of its funding by France, welfare remains problematic. Although the staff are local, the structure and concepts are French, which technically makes policy implementation difficult, and creates uneasiness. The implementation of French welfare in Martinique runs counter to the local politics of identity and the drive for autonomy. Welfare focuses the chief ambiguity of Martinique, which craves for local control, but would like to maintain the current level of funding from Europe.
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Moizan, Emmanuel. "Fort-de-France (Martinique). Rue Schœlcher." Archéologie médiévale, no. 43 (December 1, 2013): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/archeomed.9841.
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Belpomme, Dominique, and Philippe Irigaray. "Environment as a Potential Key Determinant of the Continued Increase of Prostate Cancer Incidence in Martinique." Prostate Cancer 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/819010.
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Prostate cancer incidence is steadily increasing in many developed countries. Because insular populations present unique ethnic, geographical, and environmental characteristics, we analyzed the evolution of prostate cancer age-adjusted world standardized incidence rates in Martinique in comparison with that of metropolitan France. We also compared prostate cancer incidence rates, and lifestyle-related and socioeconomic markers such as life expectancy, dietary energy, and fat supply and consumption, with those in other Caribbean islands, France, UK, Sweden, and USA. The incidence rate of prostate cancer in Martinique is one of the highest reported worldwide; it is continuously growing since 1985 in an exponential mode, and despite a similar screening detection process and lifestyle-related behaviour, it is constantly at a higher level than in metropolitan France. However, Caribbean populations that are genetically close to that of Martinique have generally much lower incidence of prostate cancer. We found no correlation between prostate cancer incidence rates, life expectancy, and diet westernization. Since the Caribbean African descent-associated genetic susceptibility factor would have remained constant during the 1980–2005, we suggest that in Martinique some environmental change including the intensive use of carcinogenic organochlorine pesticides might have occurred as key determinant of the persisting highly growing incidence of prostate cancer.
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Miles, William F. S. "The irrelevance of independence: Martinique and the French presidential elections of 2002." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 77, no. 3-4 (January 1, 2003): 221–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002523.
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Focuses on the Martinican votes for the French presidential elections of 2002, and compares it with earlier elections, especially the one of 1981. Author surveys in this light the societal and political transformations that occurred in and regarding Martinique between 1981 and 2002. He discusses French policy in this period, and explains that while both left-leaning and right-leaning parties wanted to keep the island's "département" status intact, Socialist governments since 1981 were more supportive of decentralization, and the cultural specificity and identity of Martinique, but later also right-leaning governments, indicative of mainstreaming of overseas French multicultural politics. Then, he discusses Martinican politics, and the importance therein of Martinique's status as département with its associated French welfare state benefits. Most Martinicans favor this status because of these benefits over independence, but political parties reflect different views on this integration within France, ranging from pro-independence, to autonomy. Author further discusses the differences of Martinican votes with general French trends in the 2002 presidential elections.
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Miles, William F. S. "Mitterrand in the Caribbean: Socialism (?) Comes to Martinique." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 27, no. 3 (1985): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/165600.
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May 10, 1981, not only ushered in a political surprise for France, as well as for its European and American allies, but sent positive shockwaves throughout that part of the Caribbean which is still French. On that date François Mitterrand came to power in the Metropole of France at the same time that the Départements d'Outre-Mer (DOM or overseas departments) of Martinique, Guadeloupe and Guiana rejected his candidacy with a unanimity as stunning as it is rare in West Indian politics. Ever since the DOM have been coping with Socialism in France, decentralization in the Caribbean, and an unprecedented antilleanization of local culture, institutions, and politics. The result has been a paradox of heightened social liberalism combined with intensified political violence; but paradox has always been at the heart of the French Antilles.
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JUSTINE, JEAN-LOU, DELPHINE GEY, JULIE VASSEUR, JESSICA THÉVENOT, MATHIEU COULIS, and LEIGH WINSOR. "Presence of the invasive land flatworm Platydemus manokwari (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) in Guadeloupe, Martinique and Saint Martin (French West Indies)." Zootaxa 4951, no. 2 (April 6, 2021): 381–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4951.2.11.
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The land flatworm Platydemus manokwari (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) is recorded from the islands of Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Saint Martin in the Caribbean arc. Photographs and records were obtained mainly from citizen science and ranged from the end of 2018 to February 2021; several specimens were deposited in the collections of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris, France. Thirty records were from Guadeloupe, but only one from Martinique and from Saint Martin, respectively. The COI sequences of 3 specimens from Guadeloupe show that they belong to the World haplotype also found in many countries. We also report P. manokwari from Fort Myers, Florida, USA, with molecular characterization, which was also the World haplotype. This is the first published record of P. manokwari for Guadeloupe, Martinique and Saint Martin and the second for islands in the Caribbean, after Puerto Rico.
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Séverin, Lucien. "Mythes et réalités de la Martinique catholique à la fin de la période coloniale." Dossier Antilles et Louisiane 32, no. 2 (November 3, 2014): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027200ar.
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A travers l’étude des ouvrages parus à l’occasion du tricentenaire de la célébration de l’appartenance de la Martinique à la France en 1935, cet article a pour but de présenter quelques éléments montrant la constitution d’un récit historique de la Martinique catholique en parallèle de l’inventaire sociopolitique. Entre évènements et personnages fondateurs, il s’agit de voir l’interprétation qui en est faite par les principaux auteurs de l’historiographie religieuse martiniquaise de l’époque. Cela permet de mettre ainsi en évidence quelques aspects de la mentalité religieuse martiniquaise et antillaise, notamment ceux concernant l’interprétation des évènements au travers du filtre religieux, souvent décriés par les autorités religieuses comme étant des relents de paganisme.
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Contaret, Cédric, Raymond Cesaire, Jacqueline Deloumeaux, Rémi Neviere, Dabor Resiere, André Cabie, Emmanuelle Sylvestre, Clarisse Joachim, and Moustapha Drame. "Research challenges and opportunities in the Caribbean area: first bibliometric study in the French West Indies, from 1989 to 2018." Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 45 (December 22, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2021.159.
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Objective. To analyze, describe, and quantify the collaborations and scientific output of the two university teaching hospitals of Martinique and Guadeloupe, at the regional, national, and international level. Methods. A bibliometrics analysis was performed from the international databases Web of Science and PubMed, for the period from 1989 to 2018, inclusive (30 years). Three types of bibliometric indicators were used, namely quantitative indicators, performance indicators, and organization-specific indicators. Affiliations of the first and last authors were identified from PubMed. Results. Between 1989 and 2018, a total of 1 522 indexed articles were published with at least one author affiliated to either the University Hospital of Martinique (n = 827) or the University Hospital of Guadeloupe (n = 685). The majority of articles were in category Q1 (35.8% for Martinique and 35.2% for Guadeloupe). In Martinique, over the last 30 years, the three main research areas have been clinical neurology, ophthalmology, and surgery, together representing 28.7% of all research areas, with the highest number of articles published in the field of clinical neurology (n = 81). In the University Hospital of Guadeloupe, the area of hematology was largely represented, with 79 articles published. For both hospitals, the first and last authors of the article published were mainly from mainland France Conclusions. This quantitative analysis shows the development of medical and scientific research in Martinique and Guadeloupe over the last three decades, as well as the extent of their collaborative partnerships at the national and international levels.
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Imounga Desroziers, Laure, Sophie Belliardo, Jacqueline Deloumeaux, Juliette Plenet, Bernard Bhakkan-Mambir, Jessica Péruvien, Edouard Chatignoux, et al. "Burden of gastric and digestive cancers in the French Caribbean: perspectives from population-based cancer registries of Martinique, Guadeloupe and French Guiana (2007–2014)." BMJ Open 12, no. 2 (February 2022): e047167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047167.
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ObjectivesData from population-based cancer registries contribute to improving our knowledge of digestive cancer trends worldwide. In this study, we present cancer incidence and mortality in Guadeloupe, French Guiana and Martinique for the periods 2008–2014, 2010–2014 and 2007–2014, respectively.DesignData were extracted from population-based cancer registries. World-standardised incidence (WSI) and mortality (WSM) rates were calculated. Main digestive cancers were analysed, including oesophagus, stomach, colorectum, liver and pancreas cancers.SettingThis study was performed based on data from French Territories in the Caribbean.ResultsWe observed a lower-incidence compared with mainland France, except for stomach cancer for which the incidence is high, with significant standardised incidence ratios in men and women at 1.90 vs 2.29 for Guadeloupe and French Guiana and 1.58 vs 2.31 for Martinique. We found a lower-mortality, except for stomach cancer for which the mortality remains high, with significant mortality ratios in men and women at 2.10 vs 2.74 for Guadeloupe, 1.64 vs 1.79 for French Guiana and 2.05 vs 2.53 for Martinique. Overall, these three regions have similar WSI and WSM rates which remain lower than those in mainland France. We noticed an overall high incidence and high mortality in men compared with women as in France.ConclusionsThere is a high incidence of stomach cancer in French overseas territories. Publication of these data contributed to expanding knowledge on the epidemiology of world cancers with data from the Caribbean zone.
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Malogne-Fer, Gwendoline. "De quelle couleur sont les statues?" French Politics, Culture & Society 42, no. 2 (June 1, 2024): 70–98. https://doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2024.420204.
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Abstract Through a reflection on the whiteness of statues in Catholic churches in Martinique, this article examines the mental representations and social and biblical meanings conveyed by these statues. An analysis of the devotion to saints, pilgrimages and canonizations shows how these practices contribute to maintaining attachment to France and how socially and racially situated figures of holiness are constructed. This preference for white statues highlights the weakness of inculturation within a church whose history remains linked to colonization and slavery. A partir d'une réflexion sur la blancheur des statues qui ornent les églises catholiques de Martinique cette contribution s'interroge sur les représentations mentales et les significations sociales et bibliques véhiculées par ces statues. L'analyse des pratiques de dévotion de saints, de pèlerinage et de canonisation montrent comment se réactualise l'attachement à la France hexagonale et comment se construisent des figures de sainteté socialement et racialement situées. Cette préférence affichée pour les statues blanches souligne la faiblesse des politiques d'inculturation au sein d'une Église dont l'histoire reste associée à celle de la colonisation et de l'esclavagisme.
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Lacoste, J., S. Merle, N. Ballon, A. Charles-Nicolas, G. Ursulet, and A. Messiah. "Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Martinique, French West Indies: A Community-based Epidemiological Study." West Indian Medical Journal, Vol 67, Issue 4: 2018 (December 31, 2018): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2016.216.
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Objective: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of mental disorders in the population of Martinique, as part of the survey entitled ‘Mental Health in the General Population – Images and Realities’ (Santé Mentale en Population Générale – Images et Réalités). The survey was a multicentre epidemiological study in the general population, conducted in mainland France and French overseas islands between 1997 and 2006, under the authority of the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Training and Research in Mental Health (Lille, France). Methods: The study took place in 2000. Participants aged 18 years or over were recruited in public places, using the quota sampling method, and interviewed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Results: A total of 900 participants (52.7% women) with a mean age of 43 years completed the survey. Lifetime prevalence of any mental disorder was 29%. Mood (15%) and anxiety disorders (17%) were the most frequent. The rate of suicide attempts was low (4.2% lifetime), while the frequency of suicidal thoughts was high (11% past month) and similar to the frequency in mainland France. Conclusion: Mental disorders, especially mood and anxiety disorders, were as frequent in Martinique as in mainland France. The lower rates of suicide attempts, in spite of high rates of suicidal thoughts, might deserve further investigation. Our results should strengthen the development of a system of diagnosis and care for these disorders, especially to prevent suicidal behaviours and reduce morbidity and mortality.
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Pierre-Louis, Olivier, Jacqueline Véronique Baudin, Clarisse Contaret Joachim, Yerro Marie-Nadiège, Molcard Sabine, Jean-Francois Schved, and Serge Pierre-Louis. "Haemophilia Care in Martinique: From 1982 to 2015." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4710.4710.
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Abstract Introduction: Hemophilia A (HA) and B (HB) are the most common congenital bleeding disorders, characterised by missing clotting factor VIII (FVIII) for HA or factor IX (FIX) for HB, associated with specific mutations for the corresponding genes. This is the first article to focus on a localised specific hemophiliac population in the French West Indies. Methods: Clinical, biological, genetic and socio-demographic data were collected at the Martinique Regional Centre for the Treatment of Hemophilia. Results: Nowadays patients with hemophilia and von Willebrand diseases can benefit from clinical and paramedical care comparable to what prevails in mainland France. 130 hemophilia patients were diagnosed in Martinique. This study provides the first global report on epidemiological characteristics of hemophilia in Martinique. Hemophilia treatment center was established in 2000, implementation of care services, number and diagnoses of hemophilia patients, frequency of complications such as inhibitors, HIV and hepatitis C infection, and underlying genetic mutations are described. Conclusion : These original data support that the French West Indies island of Martinique has the highest rate of HA and HB in the world compared to other countries. The establishment of a treatment center now provides standard of care to this population and may be a model for similar approaches in other French overseas regions. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Paquette, Romain. "Une cité planifiée et une cité spontanée (Fort-de-France, Martinique)." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 13, no. 29 (April 12, 2005): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/020862ar.
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L'auteur fait une étude comparative de deux quartiers résidentiels de Fort-de-France, ville « primate » de la Martinique. L'un présente plusieurs caractères des Habitations à Loyer Modique (HLM) françaises ; son inspiration et son financement proviennent de l'extérieur du pays. L'autre résulte d'un ajustement spontané de la population qui a su profiter d'une ambiguïté dans la répartition des pouvoirs administratifs entre l'Etat et la Commune ; son inspiration et son financement relèvent directement du dynamisme interne de sa population. La cité spontanée ébranle les conceptions d'un certain urbanisme de prestige qui, en invoquant des critères élaborés dans les pays riches, y voit une forme de bidonville respectable ; mais elle reflète davantage les goûts et la situation économique de ses habitants qui ainsi ont créé leur propre milieu urbain à un rythme plus sécurisant.
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Furey, Constance M. "A Modern Form of the Sacred." Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy 32, no. 1/2 (November 5, 2024): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2024.1070.
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Édouard Glissant’s Poetics of Relation is unlikely to strike most readers as a sacred text. True, the design of the 1997 English paperback edition hints at something mysterious within. The seventeenth century map on the cover, glowing green and only partially visible from the front, disrupts the geographic orientation a map might be expected to provide. The seeming clarity of the title, author, and translator, is likewise unsettled by their placement, suspended above the surrounding white expanse. Yet this trace of eeriness is easily dispelled by the physical book’s assertion of scholarly credentials. “Michigan,” the name of the university press publisher, prominent on the spine and back, also announces itself on the front cover, and the text on the back declares the book an aesthetic and political—but not sacred—project, with three blurbs praising the translator’s achievement and the author’s brilliance. The Library of Congress cataloguing information on the copyright page tells us that Poetics of Relation, Glissant’s third monograph, is first and foremost about his birthplace (Martinique--civilization, language, culture, nationalism, and literature of). Secondarily, according to the cataloguers, it is a book about the French connection (“6. Martinique—Dependency on France. 7. West Indies, French—Relations—France. 8. France—Relations—West Indies.”). Scholarly interpretations of Poetics of Relation are of course more expansive and exploratory than cataloguing’s brevity allows. Still, most who write about this strange and beautiful text focus on poetics and politics, with very few lingering over Glissant’s own claims about the importance of the sacred.
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Remisse, S., O. Troigros, P. Olive, J. L. Barnay, B. Rozé, S. Pierre-François, A. Cabié, E. Javelle, and P. René-Corail. "Bladder dysfunction in chikungunya: Experience of the academic hospital of Fort de France in Martinique (France)." Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 58 (September 2015): e123-e124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2015.07.297.
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Veilleur, Valéry, Johanna Chalonec, Ronny Rosillette, and Laurent Peyras. "Évolutions et perspectives des enjeux territoriaux et des usages liés au barrage de la Manzo." E3S Web of Conferences 346 (2022): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202234602013.
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Le barrage de la Manzo (Antilles - France) est un ouvrage en remblai d’enrochements, de 27 m de hauteur, permettant le stockage de 8 Mm3 d’eau. Depuis 1980, il remédie au manque d’eau durant la saison sèche et permet essentiellement l’irrigation des terres du sud-est de la Martinique. Ainsi, il répond aux enjeux territoriaux majeurs de soutien d’une agriculture compétitive et de maintien de l’emploi. Au fil des années, la structure s’est intégrée au paysage des communes de Ducos, François et Saint-Esprit. L’article analyse la résilience et la capacité d’adaptation de l’ouvrage vis-à-vis de l’évolution des usages et du changement climatique à partir de l’année 2000. Les aléas naturels intenses (tempêtes, sécheresses, séismes), l’évolution des usages et les préoccupations relatives au réchauffement climatique exigent une plus grande résilience hydrologique. La Collectivité Territoriale de Martinique, en tant qu’exploitant du barrage se doit d’anticiper ces questions pour garantir des services de manière durable et économique tout en minimisant les impacts socio-environnementaux.
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Price, Richard, and Sally Price. "Migan." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 68, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1994): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002663.
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[First paragraph]Our friend Charlemagne (a.k.a. Émilien), who lives down the road and considers himself a breadfruit connoisseur, says that there's only one other tree in southern Martinique whose fruit compares with ours. From our back porch, during the tree's several flowerings each year, we can reach out and piek low-growing fruit by hand, or with a knife-and-pole contraption cut down a milk-flecked orb from higher up in the broad green leaves. This particular tree may even be descended from the oldest breadfruit in the Caribbean, for Martinique was already blessed with trees, transported from "L'ïle-de-France" (Mauritius), by the time Captain Bligh made his 1791-93 voyage from Polynesia, "bringing breadfruit from what was seen to be a Tree of Life in the islands of Paradise ... the very symbol of a free and unencumbered life ... to feed slaves, the living dead of the Caribbean"(Dening 1992:4, 11).
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Ebring, Coralie, Régine Marlin, Jonathan Macni, Alexis Vallard, Sébastien Bergerac, Murielle Beaubrun-Renard, Clarisse Joachim, and Mehdi Jean-Laurent. "Type II endometrial cancer: Incidence, overall and disease-free survival in Martinique." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (March 16, 2023): e0278757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278757.
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Background and study aims In Martinique, about 33 new cases of endometrial cancer are diagnosed per year with a high mortality rate (world standardised rate of 4.9/100,000 versus 2.3/100,000 in mainland France). The present study aimed to determine the incidence and mortality of type I and type II endometrial cancers (ECs), their overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between 2012 and 2016. Patients and methods This retrospective observational cohort study used data from the Martinique Cancer Registry (MCR). 191 patients with corpus uterine cancer were extracted between 2012 and 2016. Patients with either endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC), uterine papillary serous carcinomas (UPSC), uterine clear cell carcinomas (UCCC) or uterine carcinosarcomas (UCS) were included. All other uterine cancers were excluded. Results Among the 163 included patients, 97 (60%) were type I and 66 (40%) were type II. The standardized incidence rate is 4.50/100,000 for type I vs. 2.66/100,000 for type II. Three years DFS for all types, type I and type II was 81.5% [74.2–86.9], 84.9% [75.4–91] and 76.7% [63.8–85.5] respectively. The five-years OS for all types, type I and type II was 47.0% [38.9–54.7] vs. 58.8% [47.3–68.5] vs. 22.8% [15.0–37.7] respectively. Conclusions In Martinique, we report a high proportion of type II ECs, which has a poor prognosis with few treatment options.
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Roulet, Éric. "Le départ des huguenots vers les Antilles françaises au XVII e siècle : les raisons du voyage." Revue du Nord 449, no. 2 (October 10, 2024): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rdn.449.0043.
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Alors que la France entreprend la conquête des îles de l’Amérique, Saint-Christophe d’abord en 1625, puis la Guadeloupe et la Martinique en 1635, les sujets du roi très chrétien sont incités à venir peupler les nouveaux établissements fondés. Après des débuts modestes, un flux migratoire soutenu s’observe dès les années 1640. Parmi les premiers arrivants, il y a de nombreux protestants. Quelles sont les raisons de leur départ ? Suivent-elles les mêmes ressorts que l’émigration des catholiques ou envisagent-ils les Antilles comme un refuge ? Quelle part a eu l’évolution de la situation religieuse en France ? La lecture des récits des missionnaires, des recensements et des certificats d’abjuration, permet de mieux cerner ce monde protestant discret et néanmoins bien présent.
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Miles, William. "FROM CÉSAIRE TO "SARKO": GENERATIONAL AND IDEOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS IN MARTINIQUE AND FRANCE." Contemporary French Civilization 34, no. 1 (January 2010): 173–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/cfc.2010.8.
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Hublin, Anne. "La coupe urbaine analytique. Application aux faubourgs de Fort-de-France (Martinique)." L'information géographique 68, no. 3 (2004): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ingeo.2004.2954.
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Péroche, M., F. Leone, and R. Gutton. "An accessibility graph-based model to optimize tsunami evacuation sites and routes in Martinique, France." Advances in Geosciences 38 (January 23, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-38-1-2014.
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Abstract. The risk of tsunami threatens the whole Caribbean coastline especially the Lesser Antilles. The first available models of tsunami propagation estimate that the travel time from the closest seismic sources would only take few minutes to impact the Martinique Island. Considering this threat, the most effective measure is a planned and organized evacuation of the coastal population. This requires an efficient regional warning system, estimation of the maximum expected tsunami flood height, preparation of the population to evacuate, and drawing up of local and regional emergency plans. In order to produce an efficient evacuation plan, we have to assess the number of people at risk, the potential evacuation routes, the safe areas and the available time to evacuate. However, this essential information is still lacking in the French West Indies emergency plans. This paper proposes a model of tsunami evacuation sites accessibility for Martinique directly addressed to decision makers. It is based on a population database at a local scale, the development of connected graphs of roads, the identification of potential safe areas and the velocity setting for pedestrians. Evacuation routes are calculated using the Dijkstra's algorithm which gives the shortest path between areas at risk and designated evacuation sites. The first results allow us to map the theoretical times and routes to keep the exposed population safe and to compare these results with a tsunami travel time scenario.
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Regis, Helen A. "Ships on the Wall: Retracing African Trade Routes from Marseille, France." Genealogy 5, no. 2 (March 25, 2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy5020027.
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With this essay on decolonizing ways of knowing, I seek to understand the phantom histories of my father’s French family. Filling in silences in written family accounts with scholarship on Marseille’s maritime commerce, African history, African Diaspora studies, and my own archival research, I seek to reconnect European, African, and Caribbean threads of my family story. Travelling from New Orleans to Marseille, Zanzibar, Ouidah, Porto-Novo, Martinique and Guadeloupe, this research at the intersections of personal and collective heritage links critical genealogies to colonial processes that structured the Atlantic world. Through an exploration of family documents, literature, and art, I travel the trade routes of la Maison Régis.
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Lanthier, Aude. "La famille martiniquaise à l’épreuve des migrations de retour : nouvelles pratiques de mobilité transatlantique et dynamiques transnationales." Diversité urbaine 12, no. 2 (February 21, 2014): 113–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1022853ar.
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On assiste de nos jours à de nouvelles pratiques de mobilité entre l’Île-de-France et son département ultramarin, la Martinique, dont les migrations de retour font partie intégrante. Si circuler entre la métropole et l’archipel est aujourd’hui de l’ordre du quotidien, on constate pourtant une certaine irritation à l’égard des migrants de retour. En effet, une étude ethnographique a permis de révéler que ceux-ci témoignent de plusieurs obstacles à l’heure de réintégrer leur terre d’origine. Le présent article s’attardera plus spécifiquement aux bouleversements des rapports familiaux engendrés par les phénomènes de retour au pays natal et aux nouvelles dynamiques d’hypermobilité circulatoire entre la France et son ex-colonie, dynamiques qui confèrent à ces familles réparties de part et d’autre de l’Atlantique des allures de familles dites « transnationales ».
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Gagnepain-Beyneix, J., J. C. Lépine, A. Nercessian, and A. Hirn. "Experimental study of site effects in the Fort-de-France area (Martinique island)." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 85, no. 2 (April 1, 1995): 478–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0850020478.
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Abstract We used weak-motion recordings of regional events to quantify the site effects in the Fort-de-France (Martinique) area in the frequency band 1 to 25 Hz. The studied area extends over three distinct geological units: the Morne-Pitault volcanic massif (15 to 11 M.A.), the Carbet volcanic massif (4 to 2 M.A.), and the Lamentin alluvial plain (quaternary age). The topography being complex, 31 sites were selected in order to get a representative sampling of the various topographical and geological configurations. The large number of studied sites also allowed us to define a reference site whose selection was not obvious. Large broadband amplifications are observed in the Lamentin plain instead of the expected peak resonances. More surprising, such resonance is observed around 2 to 3 Hz on several sites of the volcanic Vauclain-Pitault chain, though no sedimentary layer is present. On the other hand, in the inner Fort-de-France where significant effects were expected because of the very complex topography, no large amplication is observed except for at one site. Clear three-dimensional (3D) effects are also observed at some stations. Though not very well documented, the low-frequency behavior deduced from teleseismic observations seems rather different, illustrating the difficulty in finding a convenient reference site in such a volcanic area.
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Minter, D. W., and P. F. Cannon. "Stereocaulon dactylophyllum . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria]." Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria 227 (January 2021): 2268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dfb/20210391613.
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Abstract A description is provided for Stereocaulon dactylophyllum . Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Arctic Ocean (Greenland), Asia (Japan, Mongolia, Russia, Turkey), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal, Azores, Madeira), Australasia (Australia), Caribbean, (Guadeloupe, Martinique), Central America (Costa Rica, Nicaragua), Europe (Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Isle of Man, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK), North America (Canada, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, France, Mexico, USA, Alaska, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin), South America (Argentina, Colombia)).
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Mille, Gilbert, Michel Guiliano, Laurence Asia, Laure Malleret, and Noor Jalaluddin. "Sources of hydrocarbons in sediments of the Bay of Fort de France (Martinique)." Chemosphere 64, no. 7 (August 2006): 1062–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.12.001.
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Obry-Musset, Anne-Marie, Pierre-Michel Cahen, Jean-Christophe Turlot, Beatrice Baker, and Robert M. Frank. "Dental caries and oral hygiene among 12-year-old children in Martinique, France." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 19, no. 1 (February 1991): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00107.x.
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Krichevtsev, Mikhail Vladimirovich. "The Special Tribunal in Martinique: from the history of French colonial justice in the early 19th century." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 11 (November 2023): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2023.11.69135.
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The focus of this article is on the special tribunal, a special judicial body established in the French colony of Martinique in 1803. It was created to carry out criminal repression against black slaves accused of poisoning, arson, stealing boats and pirogues to escape. The main purpose of the study is to determine the legal basis for the organization of a special tribunal in Martinique and to identify its features in relation to the special tribunals that existed in the metropolis from 1801 and 1802. The question of the correlation of these tribunals in the colony and in the metropolis seems to be little studied in historiography. The subject of research in the work is the evolution of the special tribunal during the period of French rule on the island – from the establishment of the court to the loss of control over Martinique by the French in 1809. To work on the topic, documentary materials from the National Archives of overseas France, published legislative acts and acts of ministers of the Napoleonic era, acts of the island administration from the "Code of Martinique" were involved. The study used the method of concrete historical analysis, comparative legal analysis of legal documents and structural and functional analysis of judicial bodies. As a result of the study, it can be concluded that the competence of the Martinique Special Tribunal has changed towards its expansion over three stages in 1803-1809. From an organ of repression exclusively for slaves, it gradually turned into an extraordinary court for slaves and for free people of color, and then for any vagabonds without a place of residence and recognition. Dangerous crimes of a state nature began to belong to his jurisdiction. The comparison of the tribunal with the special tribunals established in the metropolis in 1801 and 1802 does not confirm the full borrowing of judicial law from the metropolis in the organization of the colonial court and testifies in favor of the originality of colonial justice. However, similar features in the composition of these bodies and in the order of judicial procedure allow us to speak about general trends in the development of judicial systems throughout the French Empire, in the metropolis and in the colonies, expressed in the creation of bodies of emergency justice, alternative to courts of general jurisdiction.
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Oulahal, Rachid. "Education in the French Outermost Regions: Interculturation as a basis for a necessary work of memory?" Revista Lusófona de Educação, no. 55 (October 15, 2022): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24140/issn.1645-7250.rle55.08.
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The French outermost regions are fully part of the European Union though they are geographically distanced from continental France. Moreover, these regions inscribe within France’s history though they also have their own history apart from France, a history grounded within their geographical surroundings but also a history between slavery and colonization. In 2022, education is still both a priority and an enigma for the French government when it comes to its outermost regions (Guadeloupe, Guyana, La Reunion, Martinique, Mayotte and Saint-Martin). Strong differences have been pointed out between these environments and metropolitan France regarding the education system and its efficiency. The main issue for the French government is indeed that the Outermost regions are different from metropolitan France but they are also very different from one to another. These various disparities make it difficult to think of a common school system and curriculum. The goal of this article is to provide an update on education issues France has to deal with regarding its outermost regions. We will then investigate how these issues can be related to memory matters, both individual and collective, and how an intercultural perspective can be regarded as a basis for a necessary work of memory towards a more appropriate educational system.
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Joseph, Philippe. "Considérations générales sur les environnements biophysiques et les hommes dans les Antilles françaises : les principaux déterminismes des paysages." Archipélies 3-4 (2012): 273–90. https://doi.org/10.4000/12wiz.
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Du fait de leur position géographique, de leur histoire et de leur appartenance à la France et plus récemment à l’Europe, la Martinique et la Guadeloupe s’érigent au sein des Petites Antilles en mondes singuliers. Malgré de fortes similarités écologiques, historiques, ethniques et culturelles (créoles) avec les autres îles de l’archipel (anglaises et néerlandaises), des différences notables existent tant du point de vue économique que de l’aménagement de l’espace. Des conséquences sur l’environnement biophysique résultent de ce phénomène et sont inégales. La Martinique et la Guadeloupe, à l’interface des deux Amériques, surpeuplées et exposées aux risques telluriques, climatiques et écologiques, bénéficient d’une large panoplie de lois et de financements relatifs aux stratégies environnementales, nationales et européennes. Les responsabilités politiques et les compétences gestionnaires sont effectives à tous les échelons sociétaux. Néanmoins, les nécessités du développement accentuent l’anthropisation. Cette dernière réduit la capacité de résilience des écosystèmes et potentialise les impacts des aléas naturels et écologiques. Les risques de toute nature qui en résultent entravent le développement économique. Comment concilier développement et préservation des environnements dans des territoires exigus, biologiquement riches, fortement peuplés et exposés aux risques multiples (naturels et anthropiques) ?
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Justine, Jean-Lou, Leigh Winsor, Delphine Gey, Pierre Gros, and Jessica Thévenot. "Giant worms chez moi! Hammerhead flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae, Bipalium spp., Diversibipalium spp.) in metropolitan France and overseas French territories." PeerJ 6 (May 22, 2018): e4672. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4672.
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Background Species of the genera Bipalium and Diversibipalium, or bipaliines, are giants among land planarians (family Geoplanidae), reaching length of 1 m; they are also easily distinguished from other land flatworms by the characteristic hammer shape of their head. Bipaliines, which have their origin in warm parts of Asia, are invasive species, now widespread worldwide. However, the scientific literature is very scarce about the widespread repartition of these species, and their invasion in European countries has not been studied. Methods In this paper, on the basis of a four year survey based on citizen science, which yielded observations from 1999 to 2017 and a total of 111 records, we provide information about the five species present in Metropolitan France and French overseas territories. We also investigated the molecular variability of cytochrome-oxidase 1 (COI) sequences of specimens. Results Three species are reported from Metropolitan France: Bipalium kewense, Diversibipalium multilineatum, and an unnamed Diversibipalium ‘black’ species. We also report the presence of B. kewense from overseas territories, such as French Polynesia (Oceania), French Guiana (South America), the Caribbean French islands of Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy, and Montserrat (Central America), and La Réunion island (off South-East Africa). For B. vagum, observations include French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, Montserrat, La Réunion, and Florida (USA). A probable new species, Diversibipalium sp. ‘blue,’ is reported from Mayotte Island (off South–East Africa). B. kewense, B. vagum and D. multilineatum each showed 0% variability in their COI sequences, whatever their origin, suggesting that the specimens are clonal, and that sexual reproduction is probably absent. COI barcoding was efficient in identifying species, with differences over 10% between species; this suggests that barcoding can be used in the future for identifying these invasive species. In Metropolitan south–west France, a small area located in the Department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques was found to be a hot-spot of bipaliine biodiversity and abundance for more than 20 years, probably because of the local mild weather. Discussion The present findings strongly suggest that the species present in Metropolitan France and overseas territories should be considered invasive alien species. Our numerous records in the open in Metropolitan France raise questions: as scientists, we were amazed that these long and brightly coloured worms could escape the attention of scientists and authorities in a European developed country for such a long time; improved awareness about land planarians is certainly necessary.
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Françoise, Ugo, Marie Desnos-Ollivier, Yohann Le Govic, Karine Sitbon, Ruddy Valentino, Sandrine Peugny, Taieb Chouaki, et al. "Candida haemulonii complex, an emerging threat from tropical regions?" PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, no. 7 (July 31, 2023): e0011453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011453.
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Background Candida haemulonii complex-related species are pathogenic yeasts closely related to Candida auris with intrinsic antifungal resistance, but few epidemiological data are available. Methodology/Principal findings We analyzed clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with fungemia due to C. haemulonii complex and related species (C. pseudohaemulonii, C. vulturna) reported in France during 2002–2021, and compared them to data of C. parapsilosis fungemia, as they all can be commensal of the skin. We also conducted a study on adult inpatients and outpatients colonized by C. haemulonii complex, managed at the University Hospital of Martinique during 2014–2020. Finally, we performed a literature review of fungemia due to C. haemulonii complex and related species reported in Medline (1962–2022). In total, we identified 28 fungemia due to C. haemulonii complex in France. These episodes were frequently associated with bacterial infection (38%) and high mortality rate (44%), and differed from C. parapsilosis fungemia by their tropical origin, mainly from Caribbean and Latin America. All isolates showed decreased in vitro susceptibility to amphotericin B and fluconazole. In Martinique, we found that skin colonization was frequent in the community population, while colonization was strongly associated with the presence of foreign devices in ICU patients. The literature review identified 274 fungemia episodes, of which 56 were individually described. As in our national series, published cases originated mainly from tropical regions and exhibited high crude mortality. Conclusions/Significance Multidrug-resistant C. haemulonii complex-related species are responsible for fungemia and colonization in community and hospital settings, especially in tropical regions, warranting closer epidemiological surveillance to prevent a potential C. auris-like threat.
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Agnew, R. A. L. "Fortune favours the Brave - The Capture of Guadeloupe 1815." Journal of The Royal Naval Medical Service 83, no. 2 (June 1997): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jrnms-83-94.
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AbstractIn August 1815, Sir Philip Durham and Sir James Leith, with the help of the French Royalist Comte de Vaugiraud from Martinique, landed a body of troops on the island of Guadeloupe. After a skirmish, in which the British army lost 16 killed and about 50 wounded, the Comte Linois struck his flag and surrendered the island. Afterwards he was, along with his adjutant-general, conveyed to France under the terms of the articles of the capitulation treaty. The Commander in Chief of the Leeward Islands Squadron at that time, Admiral Sir Philip Durham KCB, and his Secretary, Surgeon John Forbes, played important roles in the recapture of the island.
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Hintjens, Helen M. "What is Freedom? Competing Notions of Rights & Responsibilities in the French Caribbean." Itinerario 25, no. 2 (July 2001): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300008809.
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According to Frantz Fanon, decolonisation starts out as ‘a programme of complete disorder’. This idea is interestingly echoed in the Creole expression ‘ce on dezod ka me lod’, which translated means that through chaos comes order. In 1998–1999 Martinique lost 23,000 working days; strikers blockaded the ports of Pointe à Pitre in Guadeloupe and Fort de France in Martinique for several weeks at a time in 1998. Trade unions have built up membership levels of eighty to ninety per cent in hotels and in public administration. In this article we will be examining some of the consequences and causes of new forms of socio-economic action and political protest that have emerged in the French Caribbean since the end of the Cold War. For a long time, the French Caribbean was a haven of relative calm and prosperity in the Caribbean. The Dutch Antilles and Aruba and the British dependent territories (now renamed UK Overseas Territories) have also generally shared this good fortune. Today the relative prosperity of the non-sovereign territories is becoming more marked as independent Caribbean states slip into economic recession and growing poverty, so that their political systems and leaders face an endemic crisis of political legitimacy.
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Ahmed, Mahado Said, Mounim Lebrini, Benoit Lescop, Julien Pellé, Stéphane Rioual, Olivia Amintas, Carole Boullanger, and Christophe Roos. "Corrosion of Copper in a Tropical Marine Atmosphere Rich in H2S Resulting from the Decomposition of Sargassum Algae." Metals 13, no. 5 (May 19, 2023): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13050982.
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The atmospheric corrosion of copper exposed in Martinique (Caribbean Sea) for 1 year was reported. This island suffered the stranding of sargassum algae, which decompose and release toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) or ammonia (NH3). Four sites in Martinique (France) more or less impacted by sargassum algae strandings were selected. The corrosion rate was studied via mass loss determination. The morphology and properties of the corrosion products were determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The samples were exposed for up to 12 months. The mass loss results after 1-year exposure were from 4.8 µm for the least impacted site to 325 µm for the site most affected by sargassum algae. This very high value proves that the presence of sargassum algae caused a significant degradation of copper. The morphological structures and properties of the corrosion products obtained at the impacted and non-impacted sites differed significantly. In the absence of sargassum algae, classical corrosion products of copper were reported such as Cu2O and Cu2Cl(OH)3. In the sites near the stranding of the sargassum algae, the CuS product is the main corrosion product obtained, but copper hydroxylsulfate is created.
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Lambert, J., and M. Terrier. "Historical tsunami database for France and its overseas territories." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 4 (April 5, 2011): 1037–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-1037-2011.
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Abstract. A search and analysis of a large number of historical documents has made it possible: (i) to discover so-far unknown tsunamis that have hit the French coasts during the last centuries, and (ii) conversely, to disprove the tsunami nature of several events referred to in recent catalogues. This information has been structured into a database and also made available as a website (http://www.tsunamis.fr) that is accessible in French, English and Spanish. So far 60 genuine ("true") tsunamis have been described (with their dates, causes, oceans/seas, places observed, number of waves, flood and ebb distances, run-up, and intensities) and referenced against contemporary sources. Digitized documents are accessible online. In addition, so as to avoid confusion, tsunamis revealed as "false" or "doubtful" have been compiled into a second catalogue. Both the database and the website are updated annually corresponding to the state of knowledge, so as to take into account newly discovered historical references and the occurrence of new tsunamis on the coasts of France and many of its overseas territories: Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, New Caledonia, Réunion, and Mayotte.
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shafto, sally. "Luc Moullet's Food Lessons: Origins of a Meal." Gastronomica 10, no. 3 (2010): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2010.10.3.93.
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Over the past decade numerous important films have documented the production of what we eat and drink, often with the filmmaker taking a lead role as investigative reporter. French filmmaker Luc Moullet's Genèèse d'un repas (Origins of a Meal, 1980), was on the vanguard thirty years ago of this current wave of food-focused documentaries. Origins of a Meal is a comparative documentary on the handling and processing of various foods (eggs, bananas, and tuna) in three different countries: France, Ecuador, and Senegal. Moullet uncovers certain prejudices among his compatriots: in the late 70s, the French preferred bananas from Martinique and Guadaloupe, which are French overseas territories, to those from Ecuador. He also documents differences in wages and working conditions and dispels the myth that the cost of living is necessarily cheaper in Senegal or Ecuador than in France. Ultimately, Origins of a Meal is a film àà charge against Western capitalism, specifically in its French and American manifestations.
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Dauvilliers, Yves, Marcel Bazin, Basile Ondzé, Odile Bera, Maryse Bazin, Alain Besset, and Michel Billiard. "Severity of Narcolepsy Among French of Different Ethnic Origins (South of France and Martinique)." Sleep 25, no. 1 (January 2002): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/25.1.50.
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Edouard, André, Sophie Edouard, Nicole Desbois, Yves Plumelle, Cristel Rat, Danièle Calès-Quist, Jeannine Jouannelle, Frédéric Lombard, and Henri François. "Évolution de la prévalence des parasitoses digestives au CHU de Fort-de-France (Martinique)." La Presse Médicale 33, no. 11 (June 2004): 707–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0755-4982(04)98725-8.
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Jennings, Eric. "Last Exit from Vichy France: The Martinique Escape Route and the Ambiguities of Emigration." Journal of Modern History 74, no. 2 (June 2002): 289–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/343409.
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Delas, Daniel. "Raphaël CONFIANT. Grand café Martinique . Paris, Mercure de France, 2020 (307 p., 22 euros)." Le français aujourd'hui N° 210, no. 3 (August 11, 2020): II. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lfa.210.0143b.
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Lok, Anne, jean-Come Meniane, Clarisse Joachim, Jacqueline Baudin, Jonathan Macni, Jean-Pierre Marolleau, Nicolas Blin, and Philippe Moreau. "Myeloma in Martinique; Characteristics and Overall Survival." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 5772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.5772.5772.
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Abstract Introduction African Americans (AA) are twice as likely to be diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) as Caucasian Americans (CA). Differences in overall survival have also been shown between those two populations with no consistent explanation with regard to social status or genetic profile given by gene expression profiling. In Martinique, where most of the population has African or French Caribbean ethnic origin with similar increased incidence in MM, we lack data about disease characteristics and survival as compared to French Caucasian patients. Material and methods The aim of this single center retrospective study was to evaluate characteristics, progression free and overall survival of this population. We analyzed 54 MM elderly patients consecutively treated in Fort de France Hematology department from March 2007 to March 2012. All patients received first line treatment with melphalan 0.2 mg/kg/d, prednisone 2 mg/kg/d and thalidomide 400 mg/d every 6 weeks according to French IFM guidelines. Disease characteristics and survival data were analyzed and compared to French Caucasian elderly MM patients included in first line IFM published trials. Results Population had a median age of 80 years (66 to 93). Concerning prognostic markers, International Scoring System (ISS) was of 3 (high) in 52% of patients and cytogenetic analysis showed rearrangements with translocation 14q32 in 22% with 7% of t(4;14). When considering deletion 13q, it was found in 41% and deletion 17p in 6%. With a median follow up of 35 months, survival features showed median overall survival (OS) of 48.6 months and progression free survival (PFS) of 28.9 months. Discussion Compared to French Caucasian patients, our series showed that Martinique’s population was older and presented more aggressive disease based on ISS. Moreover, almost half patients presented with MDRD clearance lower than 60ml/min which conferred higher B2m and worse prognosis. We also confirmed results recently published by Weiss and all who described lower rate of IgH translocation in African American population with MM. Despite higher median age and ISS, median overall survival of our population was unexpectedly similar to French published studies with IFM 99 06 trial showing median OS and PFS in MPT arm of 51.6 and 27.5 months respectively. In IFM 01/01 trial where patients were aged more than 75 with lower doses of melphalan and thalidomide, survival data showed median OS of 44 months and median PFS of 24.1 months. In meta analysis published by European Myeloma Network, median OS was even lower with 39.3 months. Our data tend to show that French Caribbean patients with first line MM treated in Martinique appear to have similar overall survival as compared to French Caucasian patients despite higher median age and more adverse prognostic features which has not been reported so far. We plan to confirm those data with new analysis with longer median follow up and extensive clinical and biological disease characteristics evaluation. Disclosures Moreau: celgene: Consultancy.
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Valdman, Albert. "Jean Bernabé, La graphie créole. Martinique: Ibis Rouge Editions, 2001. Pp. 142. Pb. €15.00." Language in Society 32, no. 1 (December 24, 2002): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404503291053.
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A signal event in the history of language policy in France was the recognition in 2000 of French-lexifier creoles as languages that students in secondary schools could select as subject matter. This decision by the ministry of education placed these languages on an equal footing with the heretofore officially recognized regional languages, such as Breton or Corsican. For these languages to be taught in French secondary schools, teachers needed to be certified by an examination, the CAPES (Certificat d'Aptitude au Professorat de l'Enseignement Secondaire). This book by the leading creolist of the French Antilles is part of a series of handbooks for prospective candidates for that diploma.
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Azevedo, Érika Pinto de. "Aimé Césaire e seu discurso poético sobre as Antilhas/ Aimé Césaire and his poetic speech on the Antilles/ Aimé Césaire et son discours poétique sur les Antilles." Revista Légua & Meia 12, no. 1 (June 13, 2021): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/lm.v12i1.6338.
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Résumé : Entre 1941 et 1945, Aimé Césaire (1913-2008), écrivain martiniquais alors professeur de lycée à Fort-de-France, publie des poèmes dans des revues diverses, et notamment dans Tropiques, revue culturelle lancée en Martinique par Aimé Césaire lui-même, sa femme Suzanne, René Ménil, Aristide Maugé et d’autres intellectuels de l’île. En 1946, quelques-uns de ces poèmes sont retravaillés pour paraître pour la première fois en volume sous le titre Les Armes miraculeuses. Cet article se penche sur l’écriture des Armes miraculeuses, recueil de poèmes qui, avec Tropiques, participe à cette entreprise commune d’élaboration d’un discours sur la culture antillaise et ses héritages africains. Il s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une recherche menée à l’Université Fédérale de l’Amapá et intitulée “Les rapports entre le réel et l’imaginaire dans les littératures modernes de langue française : Aimé Césaire et Léon-Gontran Damas”. Pour ce faire, elle présente d’abord quelques données portant sur le parcours de l’écrivain ainsi que sur la genèse des Armes miraculeuses pour examiner ensuite “Avis de tirs”, poème liminaire. Discours poétique sur les Antilles, on peut percevoir dans ce poème le rapport entre la conception poétique particulière de l’écrivain et les luttes générales qu’il a engagées dans le cadre de la Martinique sous le joug colonial de la métropole lors de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, à savoir la décolonisation de territoires et de la pensée.
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Louis-Sidney, Fabienne, Valentine Kahn, Benoit Suzon, Michel De Bandt, Christophe Deligny, Serge Arfi, and Georges Jean-Baptiste. "Epidemiology and Characteristics of Spondyloarthritis in the Predominantly Afro-Descendant Population of Martinique, a French Caribbean Island." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 5 (February 27, 2022): 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051299.
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(1) Background: The prevalence of Spondyloarthritis (SpA) varies significantly in different regions and ethnic groups due several factors such as heterogeneity in study populations, the diversity of classification criteria used in epidemiological studies, the prevalence variability of HLA-B27 or disparity in healthcare access. To our knowledge, there is no data on SpA in Martinique, a French region in the Caribbean with a predominantly Afro-descendant population and a high level of healthcare. (2) Methods: This was a retrospective study of all SpA patients treated at the Fort de France University Hospital between 1 January 1997 and 1 January 2008. (3) Results: In our cohort of 86 SpA patients, age at diagnosis was late (41 years old), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was the most frequent sub-type (60.5%), inflammatory bowel disease was the most frequent extra articular feature (23.3%) and no one had personal familial history of the disease. Inflammatory syndrome concerned 55.6% of patients, no one was positive for HIV and HLA-B27 positivity was low (42.2%). However, HLA-B27 was statistically associated with AS. Out of 64 patients, 41 had sacroiliitis. (4) Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive descriptive study of SpA subtypes in Martinique, a French region in the Caribbean. We report clinical and biological similarities in our SpA cohort with those of sub-Saharan Africa and with SpA subtypes reported in Afro-descendant populations.
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Bringuier, Barbara. "Vieillir sous le soleil des Antilles !" Gérontologie et société 46/ n° 174, no. 2 (August 9, 2024): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/gs1.174.0117.
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L’expérience du développement de l’association des Petits Frères des Pauvres aux Antilles. La situation démographique des Antilles est peu ou mal connue par le grand public et les idées reçues sont souvent erronées. La Martinique et la Guadeloupe seront les départements les plus vieux de France dans quelques années. Une des conséquences du vieillissement est l’accroissement de l’isolement social des personnes âgées. L’association Petits Frères des Pauvres développe depuis trois ans des actions de lutte contre l’isolement des personnes âgées de plus de 50 ans vivant dans des conditions de précarité dans trois îles des Antilles : Martinique, Guadeloupe et Saint-Martin. Malgré l’expérience de plus de 75 ans de l’association, les équipes de bénévoles et de salariés doivent faire face à des défis spécifiques aux territoires ultramarins. La mobilisation de bénévoles est essentielle pour l’association car seuls les citoyens peuvent prendre le temps de retisser des liens avec des personnes isolées. Comme en Métropole, l’isolement social des personnes vivant dans des conditions de précarité est encore plus important car la pauvreté est un facteur d’isolement social. Au-delà des visites à domicile et des activités collectives mises en place pour et avec les personnes accompagnées, l’association développe aux Antilles des actions de sensibilisation auprès de collégiens pour changer le regard sur les aînés et offre des possibilités à toutes les générations de se mobiliser en tant que bénévoles.
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Dulin, Floriane, Jean-Marie Marteau, Jean-Christophe Fricain, and Mathilde Fénelon. "Dental implant practice in French West Indies and French Guyana: a cross-sectional study among dental practitioners." Journal of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery 24, no. 4 (December 2018): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mbcb/2018008.
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Background: In 2016, 459 dentists were registered in French West Indies and French Guyana. They represent 10% of French clinicians but they work in an environment very different from continental France. The aim of this study was to describe dental implantology practices among dentists in Guadeloupe, Martinique, and French Guyana. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study, with questionnaires sent by email, was conducted from November 2016 to January 2017. Results: 116 practitioners answered. Respondents were all general practitioners, except two dentists who practiced only surgical procedures (not specialists). Implant surgeries were provided by 50% respondents and soft-tissue or hard-tissue grafting were provided by 34.5% of the sample. Prosthodontic procedures were carried out by 62.9% respondents. At last, 34.5% of the sample were not involved in implant services. Discussion: The proportion of dentists who performed implant procedures was similar to that reported in other international studies and French survey. The percentage of dentists not involved in implant dentistry still significant and the most frequently reported barriers were the expense of treatment, patient's difficulties to afford the treatment and the lack of knowledge. Conclusion: The practice of implant dentistry is widespread in French West Indies and French Guyana. Dental implant use was not different between clinicians of Guadeloupe, Martinique, and French Guyana. The number of dentists who received local implant training was lower in French Guyana.
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d’Almeida, Samuel. "Impact of Vaccine and Immunity Passports in the Context of COVID-19: A Time Series Analysis in Overseas France." Vaccines 10, no. 6 (May 26, 2022): 852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060852.
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(1) Background: By summer 2021, overseas France turned COVID-19 vaccine and immunity certificates into passports to open travel bubbles. Subsequently, its territories set French records for both COVID-19 and 6-month excess all-cause mortality. (2) Methods: Official time series were collected to compare time correlations between air traffic and COVID-19 transmission and mortality in overseas France, before and after the implementation of immunity passports. (3) Results: Air traffic initially had a reversed relationship with COVID-19, which transitioned into a leader–follower relationship with the introduction of immunity passports. Essentially, air traffic increased 16 days before COVID-19 cases increased (r = 0.61) and 26 days before deaths increased (r = 0.31) in Martinique, 26 days (r = 0.72) and 40 days (r = 0.82) before in Guadeloupe, and 29 days (r = 0.60) and 31 days (r = 0.41) before in Réunion upon introduction of immunity passports. Moreover, air traffic became as correlated as community transmission to COVID-19 mortality in Guadeloupe. (4) Conclusions: Since the introduction of immunity passports, air traffic has been pacesetting COVID-19 within one month for transmission, and within an additional two weeks for mortality in overseas France. Responding to WHO’s call for real-world evidence, this study suggests that COVID-19 passports are not commensurate with health system goals.
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Célestine, Audrey. "La transformation des identifications raciales en Martinique sous l’effet des migrations vers la France hexagonale." Critique internationale N° 95, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 66–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/crii.095.0068.
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