Journal articles: 'Masculinity and femininity'

1

YAGI, YASUKI. "Masculinity versus Femininity." JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 32, no. 2 (1992): 145–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2130/jjesp.32.145.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Pasaribu, Rouli Esther. "Freeter, Arafo, House Husband: Shifting Values of Hegemonic Masculinity and Emphasized Femininity in Four Japanese Television Dramas." IZUMI 9, no. 1 (May 31, 2020): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/izumi.9.1.48-57.

Full text

Abstract:

This study examines the shifting values of masculinity and femininity in four Japanese television dramas: At Home Dad (2004), Around 40 (2008), Freeter, Buy a House (2010), and Wonderful Single Life (2012). These corpus data are analyzed using Connell’s concepts of hegemonic masculinity and emphasized femininity. The findings of this study focus on the following: 1. Characters in the four television dramas challenge the dominant discourses of masculinity and femininity by living as freeters, house husbands, and arafos. 2. To criticize hegemonic masculinity and emphasized femininity, these dramas depict the negative aspects of living a rigid lifestyle encompassed by traditional gender roles and feature main characters who show alternative lifestyles of masculinity and femininity. 3. Hegemonic masculinity and emphasized femininity values shadow the emergence of alternative masculinity and femininity in contemporary Japanese society.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Lester, David. "The Fear of Death, Sex and Androgyny: A Brief Note." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 15, no. 3 (November 1985): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/6lc2-fq03-03p9-t80q.

Full text

Abstract:

The fear of death (and other attitudes toward death) were explored in male and female students, together with masculinity/femininity scores as a covariate. Both sex and masculinity/femininity scores had little relationship with attitudes toward death. Furthermore, masculinity/femininity scores did not account for the sex differences observed, and sex did not account for the relationship between masculinity/femininity scores and attitudes toward death.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Blair, Glen S. "Masculinity, Femininity and Nursing." American Journal of Nursing 85, no. 4 (April 1985): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3425081.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Parker, Richard. "Masculinity, Femininity, and Homosexuality:." Journal of Homosexuality 11, no. 3-4 (January 28, 1986): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j082v11n03_10.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

NAFFIN, NAGAIRE. "THE MASCULINITY-FEMININITY HYPOTHESIS." British Journal of Criminology 25, no. 4 (October 1985): 365–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a047555.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

BLAIR, GLRND S. "MASCULINITY, FEMININITY AND NURSING." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 85, no. 4 (April 1985): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-198504000-00017.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Noviana, Fajria, and Retno Wulandari. "MASKULINITAS DAN FEMININITAS DALAM ANIME KIMI NO NA WA KAJIAN RESPON PEMIRSA." KIRYOKU 1, no. 4 (December 7, 2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/kiryoku.v1i4.10-19.

Full text

Abstract:

Masculinity and femininity are never-ending subjects. This research aims at observing young generation’s perception on masculinity and femininity in Japanese animee Kimi no Na wa. In addition this research also brings input on how young generation reacts on masculinity and femininity. By using viewer’s response method, this research is conducted among 15 (fifteen) Japanese Department students and 15 (fifteen) Engish Department students of Universitas Diponegoro.The finding shows that young generation generally view that there is no significant differences between sex and gender role. Meanwhile, in the relation with the movie, responden assert their agreement on the description of masculinity and femininity through the male and female characters, although generally respondents from English Department prefer East masculinity and West femininity. This view can be used as the basic how older people build relation with young people due to differences in age and point of view.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Irsyad Ibrahim, Alfi. "MASKULINITAS DALAM NOVEL KELUARGA PERMANA KARYA RAMADHAN K.H. (THE MASCULINITY IN THE RAMADHAN K.H ‘S NOVEL : “KELUARGA PERMANA”)." METASASTRA: Jurnal Penelitian Sastra 6, no. 2 (March 14, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26610/metasastra.2013.v6i2.1-16.

Full text

Abstract:

Tulisan ini membahas maskulinitas dalam novel Keluarga Permana karya Ramadhan K.H. Penganalisisan lebih dahulu diawali dengan asumsi bahwa novel Keluarga Permana mengandung maskulinitas yang diwakili oleh tokoh Permana. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah maskulinitas dari Connell dan Figes. Teori ini menjelaskan bagaimana maskulinitas terbentuk dari maskulinitas dan femininitas lainnya dalam konteks sosial yang melingkupinya. Teori ini juga mengungkapkan bahwa tidak hanya perempuan yang ter-opresi dalam konteks patriarkat, tetapi laki-laki juga disadari atau tidak terbebani oleh konteks sosial tersebut. Dalam hal ini, maskulinitas Permana terbentuk dari maskulinitas dan femininitas tokoh-tokoh lainnya dalam konteks sosial patriarkat. Hasil penelitian atas novel ini membuktikan bahwa maskulinitas Permana terbelenggu oleh konteks sosial patriarkat sehingga mengalami perubahan.Abstract:This paper attempts to describe masculinity in the Ramadhan K.H’s ’s work entitling Keluarga Permana. The Analysis is begun with the assumption that the Keluarga Permana con- tains masculinity represented by the character of Permana. The theory used in this study is the masculinity theory given by Connell and Figes. The theory explains how the masculinity are formed from other masculinity and femininity in the surrounding social context. This theory also reveal that not only are women in the context of patriarchal oppression, but also men are burdened by the social context. In this case, Permana’s masculinity are formed from other characters of masculinity and femininity in the patriarchal social context. The results of the research prove that Permana’s masculinity was bounded by patriarchal social context in order to get a change.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Yamaguchi, Motoko. "Two aspects of masculinity-femininity." Japanese journal of psychology 56, no. 4 (1985): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.56.215.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Schredl, Michael, Olaf Lahl, and Anja S. Göritz. "Nightmare Frequency and Femininity/Masculinity." Perceptual and Motor Skills 111, no. 1 (August 2010): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/02.09.pms.111.4.60-64.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Lieven, Theo, Bianca Grohmann, Andreas Herrmann, Jan R. Landwehr, and Miriam van Tilburg. "The effect of brand design on brand gender perceptions and brand preference." European Journal of Marketing 49, no. 1/2 (February 9, 2015): 146–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-08-2012-0456.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose – This research aims to examine the impact of brand design elements (logo shape, brand name, type font and color) on brand masculinity and femininity perceptions, consumer preferences and brand equity. Design/methodology/approach – This research empirically tests the relation between brand design elements, brand masculinity and femininity and brand preferences/equity in four studies involving fictitious and real brands. Findings – Brand design elements consistently influenced brand masculinity and femininity perceptions. These, in turn, significantly related to consumer preferences and brand equity. Brand masculinity and femininity perceptions successfully predicted brand equity above and beyond other brand personality dimensions. Research limitations/implications – Although this research used a wide range of brand design elements, the interactive effects of various design elements warrant further research. Practical implications – This research demonstrates how markers of masculinity and femininity that are discussed in the evolutionary psychology literature can be applied to the brand design of new and existing brands. Originality/value – This research considers the impact of multiple brand design elements (logo shape, brand name, type font and color) and involves a wide range of brands and product categories.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Leung, Yeptain, Jennifer Oates, Siew-Pang Chan, and Viktória Papp. "Associations Between Speaking Fundamental Frequency, Vowel Formant Frequencies, and Listener Perceptions of Speaker Gender and Vocal Femininity–Masculinity." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 7 (July 16, 2021): 2600–2622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00747.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose The aim of the study was to examine associations between speaking fundamental frequency ( f os ), vowel formant frequencies ( F ), listener perceptions of speaker gender, and vocal femininity–masculinity. Method An exploratory study was undertaken to examine associations between f os , F 1 – F 3 , listener perceptions of speaker gender (nominal scale), and vocal femininity–masculinity (visual analog scale). For 379 speakers of Australian English aged 18–60 years, f os mode and F 1 – F 3 (12 monophthongs; total of 36 F s) were analyzed on a standard reading passage. Seventeen listeners rated speaker gender and vocal femininity–masculinity on randomized audio recordings of these speakers. Results Model building using principal component analysis suggested the 36 F s could be succinctly reduced to seven principal components (PCs). Generalized structural equation modeling (with the seven PCs of F and f os as predictors) suggested that only F 2 and f os predicted listener perceptions of speaker gender (male, female, unable to decide). However, listener perceptions of vocal femininity–masculinity behaved differently and were predicted by F 1 , F 3 , and the contrast between monophthongs at the extremities of the F 1 acoustic vowel space, in addition to F 2 and f os . Furthermore, listeners' perceptions of speaker gender also influenced ratings of vocal femininity–masculinity substantially. Conclusion Adjusted odds ratios highlighted the substantially larger contribution of F to listener perceptions of speaker gender and vocal femininity–masculinity relative to f os than has previously been reported.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Hirokawa, Kumi, Akihiro Yagi, and Yo Miyata. "AN EXAMINATION OF MASCULINITY-FEMININITY TRAITS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS TO COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND STRESS-COPING SKILLS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 32, no. 8 (January 1, 2004): 731–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2004.32.8.731.

Full text

Abstract:

This study examined the relationships of masculinity-femininity with stress-coping skills (Ozeki, 1993) and with communication skills, measured by the Social Skills Inventory (SSI: Riggio, 1986). Participants were 916 (353 males, 563 females) undergraduate students, mean age 18.7 years, in Japanese universities. The following 5 types were studied: the masculine type, the feminine type, the androgynous type, the undifferentiated type, and the midmost type. Results showed that masculinity was strongly and linearly associated with the dependent variables, and femininity showed low correlation coefficients after controlling the masculinity, especially for males. For females, the androgynous type had better communication skills and active coping skills than did the other types. The androgynous type had cumulative effects of masculinity and femininity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Błoch, Bogusława, and Katarzyna Serafińska. "Dynamics of perceiving oneself on femininity and masculinity dimensions in diverse contexts." Polish Psychological Bulletin 41, no. 4 (January 1, 2010): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10059-010-0020-4.

Full text

Abstract:

Dynamics of perceiving oneself on femininity and masculinity dimensions in diverse contexts The article is about issues related to gender perceived as a result of social context and thus fits in the current, processual gender paradigm. Two studies have been conducted verifying hypotheses about perceiving oneself on the femininity and masculinity dimensions in various types of contexts. Expectations were that generic contexts would make perceiving oneself within the psychological gender dimensions more dynamic. Women were expected to perceive themselves as more feminine and less masculine in contexts matching their gender, i.e. "feminine", comparing to "masculine", and men were expected to perceive themselves as more masculine and less feminine in "masculine" contexts comparing to "feminine" contexts. Research results do not confirm the above hypotheses and indicate dynamism in perceiving oneself on femininity and masculinity dimensions. However, the dynamism is perceived only on dimensions inconsistent with biological gender - situation affects women's perceiving of themselves on the masculinity dimension and men's - on femininity dimensions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Hoss, Rebecca A., Jennifer L. Ramsey, Angela M. Griffin, and Judith H. Langlois. "The Role of Facial Attractiveness and Facial Masculinity/Femininity in Sex Classification of Faces." Perception 34, no. 12 (December 2005): 1459–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p5154.

Full text

Abstract:

We tested whether adults (experiment 1) and 4–5-year-old children (experiment 2) identify the sex of highly attractive faces faster and more accurately than not very attractive faces in a reaction-time task. We also assessed whether facial masculinity/femininity facilitated identification of sex. Results showed that attractiveness facilitated adults' sex classification of both female and male faces and children's sex classification of female, but not male, faces. Moreover, attractiveness affected the speed and accuracy of sex classification independently of masculinity/femininity. High masculinity in male faces, but not high femininity in female faces, also facilitated sex classification for both adults and children. These findings provide important new data on how the facial cues of attractiveness and masculinity/femininity contribute to the task of sex classification and provide evidence for developmental differences in how adults and children use these cues. Additionally, these findings provide support for Langlois and Roggman's (1990 Psychological Science1 115–121) averageness theory of attractiveness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Phifer, Jennifer A., and David Lester. "Femininity and Abortion Attitudes." Psychological Reports 87, no. 3 (December 2000): 956. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.87.3.956.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Padmi, Made Fitri Maya. "Female Masculinity and Power Relation in Patriarchic System: Case Study Tomboyism of Bacha Posh in Afghanistan." Nation State Journal of International Studies 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24076/nsjis.2018v1i1.89.

Full text

Abstract:

The biological/essentialist theory of gender assumes that biological sexes determine the behavior patterns and roles of males and associates them with masculinity and females and associates them with femininity. However, there is debate to determine whether genders are biological or socially and culturally constructed. Feminist critique of the power relation between masculinity and femininity defined as the power to give privilege to the position of masculinity and men, and acknowledge the subordination of femininity and women. People also guided to conform to gender norms in society as identity. Female masculinity emerged as part of a resistance to the gender norms where females should adopt and perform feminine values and ways of life. This paper analyze the position of female masculinity, which is distinct from masculinity in patriarchic systems. This paper also analyze the early stage of female masculinity, tomboyism called Bacha Posh as experienced by many girls in Afghanistan. This paper showed to us that the phenomena of Bacha Posh reflect the gender trait was not flexible. It was decided by the need to fulfill patriarchy system in Afghan society.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Crous, Marius. "“A battle between lust and loathing”: The interplay between masculinity and femininity in Zakes Mda’s The Madonna of Excelsior." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 47, no. 1 (October 23, 2017): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-9070/tvl.v.47i1.3312.

Full text

Abstract:

In this essay the emphasis is on the interplay between masculinity and femininity and in particular that of white masculinity versus black femininity, as well as the role played by black female sexuality in the formation of masculine identity in a rural setting in apartheid South Africa. The essay also looks at the representation of the female body and the role of the female body as site of contestation of socio-political assumptions about masculinity and femininity. The text under discussion is Zakes Mda’s The Madonna of Excelsior (2002), which is based on real life events that occurred in the small Free State town of Excelsior in the 1970s.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Dixon, Paul N., and Donald Strano. "The Effects of Abortion on Perceived Sex Role." Psychology and Human Development: an international journal 1, no. 2 (March 1, 1986): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6434.

Full text

Abstract:

We investigated the effect of abortion on the sex role attitudes of 118 women undergoing the procedure. Perceived femininity, masculinity, and androgyny were measured during the week preceding the abortion, and then at 2 weeks and 3 months following the abortion. Because the decision to abort requires assertiveness not common to the traditional female role and a denial of maternity, we expected that postabortion femininity scores would decrease and masculinity scores would increase, resulting in greater androgyny. While no significant differences in femininity scores were found across the 3 testing times, masculinity and androgyny scores differed significantly from the first to third and second to third testing times.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Johnson, H. Durell, Renae Mcnair, Alex Vojick, Darcy Congdon, Jennifer Monacelli, and Janine Lamont. "CATEGORICAL AND CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF SEX-ROLE ORIENTATION: DIFFERENCES IN ASSOCIATIONS WITH YOUNG ADULTS'REPORTS OF WELL-BEING." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.1.59.

Full text

Abstract:

Previous research suggests many of the qualities necessary for successful well-being are masculine in nature. However, masculinity and femininity have been considered related constructs as opposed to being distinctly different sex-role characterizations. Therefore, this study examined the hypothesized associations between sex-role orientation and reports of well-being by looking at the combined and separate contributions of masculinity and femininity reports. Responses from 286 college undergraduates to the BEM Sex Role Inventory (Bem, 1974) and measures of well-being (i.e., loneliness (UCLA Loneliness Scale, revised by Russell, Peplau, & Cutrona, 1980), personal discomfort (Personal Discomfort Subscale of the Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Social Introversion-Extroversion Scale, Graham, Schroeder, & Lilly, 1971), self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Rosenberg, 1965), and social anxiety and avoidance (Social Anxiety and Social Avoidance Scale, Franke & Hymel, 1984) indicated both categorical and continuous measures of sex role were associated with well-being. Examination of sex-role categories revealed participants with masculine and androgynous orientations reported higher well-being scores than did those with feminine and undifferentiated orientations. Further, examination of separate femininity and masculinity scores indicated that masculinity was positively – and femininity was negatively – associated with participant reports of well-being. Findings are discussed in terms of considering masculinity and femininity as separate measures of sex-role orientation when examining the association between sex roles and well-being.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Huan, Wang. "Femininity and masculinity in Chinese culture." Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy in China 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 30–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33212/ppc.v3n1.2020.30.

Full text

Abstract:

n traditional Chinese culture, the concepts of femininity and masculinity are “plural categories” which are based on family and society, hence they are not clearly distinguished nor opposite to each other. In ancient times, people valued the power of women, channelling it by saying that women should devote themselves to benefiting the state. Meanwhile, society oppressed women by limiting them to their marital homes in order to eradicate men’s unconscious fear of the destructive side of feminine power. On the other hand, for Chinese men, sexual pleasure and aggression were unwelcome, while the mother–son relationship was most important within the family, and comradeship and brotherhood between men another important aspect of relationships. Profoundly mutual relationships were not encouraged between men and women in ancient China. Even until now, all men and women and their intimate relationships have been in the service of politics. The interests of the family and state are placed above individual interests. However, the one-child policy, as the product of government decision based on population numbers rather than human factors, and implemented by coercion, has produced a generation of empowered daughters and “little emperors” who increasingly value and appreciate individualism. The new generations must learn how to develop new forms of mutuality between the partners, with evolving implications for masculinity and femininity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Yamaguchi, Motoko. "Two aspects of masculinity-femininity. II." Japanese journal of psychology 59, no. 6 (1989): 350–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.59.350.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Seibert, Scott, and Leopold Gruenfeld. "Masculinity, Femininity, and Behavior in Groups." Small Group Research 23, no. 1 (February 1992): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046496492231006.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Lefebvre-Linetzky, Jacques. "Masculinity and femininity in Bean Cake." Short Film Studies 5, no. 2 (October 1, 2015): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/sfs.5.2.193_1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Guarton, Gladys Branly. "Masculinity, Femininity and Change in Psychoanalysis." Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis 24, no. 4 (December 1996): 691–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jaap.1.1996.24.4.691.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Lippa, Richard A. "On Deconstructing and Reconstructing Masculinity–Femininity." Journal of Research in Personality 35, no. 2 (June 2001): 168–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.2000.2307.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Jamil, S. Selina. "Transcending Masculinity and Femininity in EDITHA." Explicator 71, no. 4 (October 2013): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.2013.842148.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Barrett-Connor, E. "Commentary: Masculinity, femininity and heart disease." International Journal of Epidemiology 36, no. 3 (April 27, 2007): 621–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dym069.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Stoppard, Janet M., and Kim J. Paisley. "Masculinity, femininity, life stress, and depression." Sex Roles 16, no. 9-10 (May 1987): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00292483.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Viehl, Michele Fassino. "Masculinity/femininity: Basic perspectives, vol. 1." New Ideas in Psychology 8, no. 3 (January 1990): 425–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0732-118x(94)90048-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Zahedi, Fatemeh "Mariam", William V. Van Pelt, and Mark Srite. "Web Documents' Cultural Masculinity and Femininity." Journal of Management Information Systems 23, no. 1 (June 2006): 87–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/mis0742-1222230103.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Powell, Gary N., and D. Anthony Butterfield. "The role of androgyny in leader prototypes over four decades." Gender in Management: An International Journal 30, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-07-2013-0082.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of psychological androgyny, a construct that represents a combination of masculinity and femininity, in explaining changes in descriptions of a good manager over time. Design/methodology/approach – Samples of the same two populations were surveyed at four different points in time spanning four decades (N = 1,818). Findings – Good-manager descriptions became increasingly similar in masculinity and femininity over time, or increasingly androgynous according to the balance conceptualization of androgyny. However, both good-manager masculinity and good-manager femininity declined over time, with masculinity declining to a greater extent, which accounted for the greater similarity in these scores. As a result, according to the high masculinity/high femininity conceptualization of androgyny, good-manager descriptions actually became decreasingly androgynous and more “undifferentiated”. Overall, the trend in leader prototypes over time was toward less emphasis on traits associated with members of either sex. Research limitations/implications – Limitations of two alternative methods of analyses and the survey instrument are acknowledged. What constituted a good manager may have depended on the context. Further scholarly attention to the concept of an undifferentiated leadership style is recommended. Practical implications – People may be moving beyond leader prototypes based on the simple application of gender stereotypes. Changes in leader prototypes over the past four decades may contribute to enhancements in women’s societal status. Social implications – Leader prototypes may disadvantage women less than in the past. Originality/value – Results suggest that the role of androgyny in leader prototypes is declining according to the high masculinity/high femininity conceptualization.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Woo, Matthew, and Tian P. S. Oei. "Empirical Investigations of the MMPI-2 Gender-Masculine and Gender-Feminine Scales 1Dr Matthew Woo, Principal Psychologist, is now at the Department of Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore 539 747." Journal of Individual Differences 29, no. 1 (January 2008): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001.29.1.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. The present study examined the validity of two Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) scales - Gender Masculine (GM) and Gender Feminine (GF) - in discriminating between the gender types - Masculine (High GM/Low GF); Feminine (Low GM/High GF); Androgynous (High GM/High GF) and Undifferentiated (Low GM/Low GF), in cross-national clinical samples. The study consisted of 70 Singaporean and 107 Australian psychiatric patients. Significant pairwise comparisons were found for Undifferentiated-Stereotyped Masculinity, Undifferentiated-Androgynous, Stereotyped Femininity-Stereotyped Masculinity, and Stereotyped Femininity-Androgynous on both measures of psychological well-being for both countries, but not for comparisons between the Stereotyped Masculinity-Androgynous and Undifferentiated-Stereotyped Femininity categories. Independent dimensions of masculinity and femininity - the GM and GF scales - were, therefore, found to distinguish between two of the four sex-type categories on measures of psychological well-being. The current findings indicate that the GM and GF scales seem effective in differentiating between Masculine and Feminine traits, however they seem less effective in differentiating between the four gender types.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Zheng, Lijun, and Yong Zheng. "The Relationship of Masculinity and Femininity to the Big Five Personality Dimensions Among a Chinese Sample." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 39, no. 4 (May 30, 2011): 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2011.39.4.445.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim in this study was to examine the relationship of masculinity and femininity to the Big Five personality dimensions in a Chinese context. Using the Bem Sex Role Inventory (Bem, 1974) and IPIP Big Five factor markers (Goldberg, 2001), we assessed data from an Internet survey of 322 heterosexual men, 253 homosexual men, 942 heterosexual women, and 288 homosexual women in China. Controlling for age and education, masculinity was strongly predicted on extraversion, conscientiousness, intellect, and, to a lesser degree, on agreeableness, and femininity was predicted strongly on agreeableness across gender, sexual orientation, and occupation. The predictions of masculinity and femininity on emotional stability were very small, which may be a feature unique to Chinese culture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Lundy, Allan, and Judy A. Rosenberg. "ANDROGYNY, MASCULINITY, AND SELF-ESTEEM*." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1987.15.1.91.

Full text

Abstract:

The Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and the Rem Sex Role Inventory were administered to 194 adult subjects. It was found that an androgyny scale which emphasized masculinity was most predictive of self-esteem. It was shown that these results were due to the strong independent correlation between masculinity and self-esteem. There were virtually no effects due to femininity, the interaction of femininity and masculinity, or sex. An analysis of the items in the Bem Masculinity Scale suggested that the frequently reported masculinity-self-esteem relationship is an artifact of the inclusion of a “strong self-image” component in the masculine stereotype, despite the fact that this component does not distinguish males from females.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Malonda-Vidal, Elisabeth, Paula Samper-García, Anna Llorca-Mestre, Roger Muñoz-Navarro, and Vicenta Mestre-Escrivá. "Traditional Masculinity and Aggression in Adolescence: Its Relationship with Emotional Processes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18 (September 17, 2021): 9802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189802.

Full text

Abstract:

Traditional masculinity includes norms that encourage many of the aggressive behaviors whereas traditional femininity emphasizes aggression very little. In addition, the lack of emotional regulation as well as a poor impulse control have been related to aggression and, in particular, with reactive and proactive aggression. The objective of this study is to examine the role of gender stereotypes (masculinity/femininity) in reactive and proactive aggression, through regulatory emotional self-efficacy and emotion regulation. A total of 390 adolescents participated in a longitudinal study in Valencia, Spain. Structural equations modeling (SEM) was employed to explore a two-wave longitudinal model. The results show that femininity relates to reactive aggression through regulatory emotional self-efficacy and emotion regulation. This way, both emotional self-efficacy and emotional regulation mediate the relation between femininity and reactive aggression. Furthermore, reactive and proactive aggression relate positively and directly to masculinity and negatively to femininity. Therefore, violence prevention programs with adolescents should incorporate information to break down gender stereotypes and promote strategies to manage emotions. Such efforts may be helpful to reduce aggressive behaviors and violence.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

O’Loughlin, Julia I., Daniel W. Cox, John S. Ogrodniczuk, and Carl Andrew Castro. "The Association Between Traditional Masculinity Ideology and Predictors of Military to Civilian Transition Among Veteran Men." Journal of Men’s Studies 28, no. 3 (March 15, 2020): 318–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060826520911658.

Full text

Abstract:

Although there is ample evidence that endorsement of traditional masculinity ideology may negatively affect veteran men’s military to civilian transition, it remains unclear which specific facets of traditional masculinity are most likely to impede successful transition to civilian life. To better understand the association between traditional masculinity ideology and veteran transition, this study sought to examine the relationship between five facets of traditional masculinity ideology (restrictive emotionality, avoidance of femininity, toughness, dominance, and self-reliance) and four factors associated with difficult veteran transition (posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], depression, perceived social support, and alcohol-related problems) in ( N = 289) veteran men. Results indicate that restrictive emotionality was the most significant contributing facet of traditional masculinity ideology to PTSD, depression, and perceived social support, whereas avoidance of femininity was the masculinity facet most significantly associated with alcohol-related problems. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Górecki, Przemysław. "Towards Masculinity As an Ethical Project. An Outline of the Philosophical and Social Situation." ETHICS IN PROGRESS 8, no. 2 (September 26, 2018): 110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/eip.2017.2.9.

Full text

Abstract:

The article is an attempt at addressing the problem of "masculinity" as a historically privileged category in the social and philosophical tradition. In the dichotomous gender system, femininity is usually valued as aesthetic quality, while masculinity stands as an ethical value. This distinction, suggesting the subordinated and disadvantaged position of "femininity" derives from ancient philosophy and biblical tradition and was strengthened not only by philosophical writings but also by symbolic, legal, economic and social practices. By sketching a review of positions and confronting the stereotypical image of "masculinity" with the complex reality of multiple forms of masculine expressions, the article brings the situation of "masculinity" in the world organized by the phallogocentric symbolic order.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

A. Khuzina, Ekaterina, and Rezeda Yo. Mukhtarova. "Determination of Specifics of Semantics of Phraseological Units with a Gender Component in the English and Tatar Languages." Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI 1 (November 29, 2018): 458–551. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi1.548.551.

Full text

Abstract:

The gender field in linguistics the subject of which is the language-gender correlation as a social factor studies the concepts such as gender, femininity, masculinity. Gender is expressed in semantics and in grammar of the language, forming a linguistic world image, which, in turn, depends on the conceptual image. The gender view of the world is not biologically determined in different cultures and language communities, the concepts of femininity and masculinity are determined by cultural and historical factors, in particular, by language stereotypes. Gender metaphor also influences the formation of conceptual and linguistic view of the world. The gender metaphor is understood as the transfer not only of physical features but also of the totality of spiritual qualities and properties united by the nominations of femininity and masculinity to the objects that are not related to gender. In different language communities the referents of femininity and masculinity often do not coincide, which creates difficulties in intercultural communication and translation. Phraseological unit is a peculiar unit of language, complex and contradictory as language and culture. Phraseological units (PhU), like a sponge, absorb all the original in language. It is in them, where, alongside vocabulary and aphorism, the cumulative function of language is manifested first.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Taher, Naeema S. "SELF-CONCEPT AND MASCULINITY/FEMININITY AMONG NORMAL MALE INDIVIDUALS AND MALES WITH GENDER IDENTITY DISORDER." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 35, no. 4 (January 1, 2007): 469–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2007.35.4.469.

Full text

Abstract:

This study aimed at identifying self-concept and masculinity/femininity in 102 normal males and a similar number of individuals with Gender Identity Disorder using the Tennessee Self-Concept scale (Farag & Al-Qurashi, 1999) and the MMPI subscale of Masculinity/Femininity (Hana, Ismail, & Milaika, 1986). Results showed that (a) there are significant differences in self-concept in favor of normal individuals; (b) individuals with Gender Identity Disorder scored significantly higher on clinical measures including neurosis, psychosis, personal disorder, defensive positiveness, and lower on personality integration, (c) normals scored significantly higher on masculinity measures than did males with Gender Identity Disorder.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Grinnell, James P. "Effects of Leaders' and Evaluators' Sex on Sex-Role Stereotyping of Charismatic Leaders." Psychological Reports 91, no. 3_suppl (December 2002): 1247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2002.91.3f.1247.

Full text

Abstract:

This study extends research on sex and leadership by examining the relation between evaluators' and leaders' sex and the sex-role stereotyping of charismatic leaders. A total of 219 students (110 men and 109 women) from a large northeastern university rated charismatic leaders depicted in vignettes using the revised Bem Sex-Role Inventory; overall, the leaders were rated higher on masculinity than femininity. Analysis by sex of evaluator and leader showed masculinity was higher in all cases except when male charismatic leaders were evaluated by women. In this case, the results support an androgynous view, i.e., high on both masculinity and femininity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Ganesh, Sarlaksha, and Mangadu Paramasivam Ganesh. "Effects of masculinity-femininity on quality of work life." Gender in Management: An International Journal 29, no. 4 (May 27, 2014): 229–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-07-2013-0085.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to attempt to understand the effects of gender, masculinity-femininity and social support from three sources (supervisor, co-worker and family) on the quality of work life (QWL) of an employee. In addition, the paper tried to explore the moderating effects of gender and social support in the relationship between masculinity-femininity and QWL. Relevant background variables such as age, marital status, parental status and sector have been included as control variables in the study. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from a sample of 307 bank employees in India (208 males and 99 females) working in private and public sector banks using the purposive sampling technique. Prior permission was obtained from the relevant authorities. To test the hypotheses, t-tests and hierarchical regression analyses were performed. In addition, the Baron and Kenny (1986) approach was used to test the moderating effects of gender and social support in the relationship between masculinity-femininity and QWL. Findings – Masculinity-femininity was not found to be significant predictor of QWL, while gender emerged as a significant predictor of QWL. Also, gender moderated the relationship between masculinity-femininity and QWL. All three sources of social support significantly predicted QWL. Results of t-test showed that female employees experienced better QWL than male employees. Furthermore, supervisory category employees and parent employees reported significantly better QWL than non-supervisory and non-parent employees. Practical implications – The key implication for organisations is that employees with both masculine and feminine tendencies are required to strike a balance between goal orientation and people orientation within the company. Also, employees should understand that their gender as well as their individual orientations towards masculinity or femininity will affect the dynamics of any interaction. Hence, being aware of the tendencies that are typical of their gender role orientations both while dealing with themselves as well as while dealing with customers, colleagues or supervisors would help in improving the quality of their work, as well as their QWL, especially in customer service professions. Originality/value – This is one of the few studies that have tried to answer the “why” part of gender differences in QWL. In addition, this study contributes to an understanding of the relative importance of different sources of social support in improving an employee's QWL. Finally, this is the first study to understand the relationship between masculinity-femininity, social support, gender and QWL in the Indian context, where the overall cultural orientation towards gender roles is currently changing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Lueptow, Lloyd B. "Conceptions of Femininity and Masculinity: 1974–1983." Psychological Reports 57, no. 3 (December 1985): 859–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.57.3.859.

Full text

Abstract:

Comparing ratings of “typical” personality and self on 20 sex-related personality traits by 1115 male and 1510 female college students across the years 1974-77-80-83 shows that strength of rating on all traits increased but especially so on sex-typed ratings. This pattern of increased stereotyping holds even when demographic factors are controlled.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Chang, Chingching. "Cultural Masculinity/Femininity Influences on Advertising Appeals." Journal of Advertising Research 46, no. 3 (September 2006): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/s0021849906060296.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Engels, Bettina. "Rape and Constructions of Masculinity and Femininity." Politikon: The IAPSS Journal of Political Science 8 (September 30, 2004): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22151/politikon.8.5.

Full text

Abstract:

With her paper Rape as a War Crime (Politikon 6/2003, p. 55-69), Andrea Theocharis has put an issue on the agenda, which has long been missing in Politikon’s discussions. I am grateful to Andrea for starting an important debate, which I would like to continue by giving some remarks to her contribution focusing on the gender constructionist dimension of rape in violent conflicts. Agreeing with Andrea, I will argue that rape and sexual violence are not only systematic and strategic weapons in violent conflicts but gendered crimes which cannot be analyzed appropriately without theorizing social and cultural constructions of masculinity and femininity. I will outline how gender-blind approaches fail to meet the issue of rape in violent conflicts. By mentioning some exemplary empirical figures, I will show that rape in violent conflicts is neither a new phenomena nor can it be considered a by-product of war. It must be emphasized that rape is not an act of sexuality but a crime against human physical and psychical integrity. I will discuss gender-sensitive approaches, which analyze rape in violent conflicts. Special attention will be paid to the view of rape as an act of male violence against women, which has also been outlined by Andrea. I will then focus on the construction of hegemonic masculinity and the widely ignored fact that also men are victims of rape and sexual torture in violent conflicts. I will conclude with emphasizing that constructions of femininity and masculinity are integral to violent conflicts in general and to rape and sexual violence in particular. If mainstream conflict analysis continues to ignore the dimensions of gender constructions, it will fail to meet its subject appropriately.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Hemelrijk, Emily A. "Masculinity and femininity in the Laudatio Turiae." Classical Quarterly 54, no. 1 (May 2004): 185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cq/54.1.185.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Rieger, Gerulf, Ritch C. Savin-Williams, Meredith L. Chivers, and J. Michael Bailey. "Sexual arousal and masculinity-femininity of women." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 111, no. 2 (August 2016): 265–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000077.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Minton, Henry L. "Femininity in Men and Masculinity in Women:." Journal of Homosexuality 13, no. 1 (August 18, 1986): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j082v13n01_01.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Hall, Judith A., and Marylee C. Taylor. "Psychological androgyny and the Masculinity × Femininity interaction." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 49, no. 2 (1985): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.49.2.429.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Masculinity and femininity'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles