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Linjewile-Marealle, Navoneiwa. "Oral health and nutritional status of the children under five years, Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1437_1190193126.
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The aim of this study was to compare the oral health status between well and malnourished children under five years old attending Mother and Child Health clinic in Queen Elizabeth II Hospital in Maseru, Lesotho.
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Malataliana, Phaello. "The link between intercultural diferences and an optmal teaching and learning environment in a Maseru school." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020113.
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Whenever two or more people from different cultures interact in an educational environment learning and teaching can be affected either positively or negatively. The study sought to establish the link between intercultural differences and optimal teaching and learning environments. The aim of the study was therefore to enhance teaching and learning environments through improved intercultural understanding. The research was based on the qualitative approach. The research design that was used in the execution of the study was a case study. The data collection methods that were used were focus group discussions, interviews and observation. The study found that there are some intercultural experiences that either enhance or inhibit educational equality and quality. These are medium of instruction (English Language), availability and accessibility of learning resources and parental support. It was also concluded that acts of discrimination alone cannot affect the performance of learners but, rather, a combination of other intercultural influences play a role. Moreover, the study found that language can be used as a tool to promote respect for humanity as it was singled out as one of the factors that inhibit respect for others. In promoting tolerance towards each other, the study found that negative self-esteem, seen mostly with the under privileged learners, affects negatively their ability in tolerating each other. In addition, encouraging participation of learners in sport and group activities emerged as some of the pursuits that can promote tolerance amongst learners from different cultural backgrounds. The strategies to enhance optimal teaching and learning that were revealed by the study are: repetition of lessons by teachers; motivating and appreciating learners; monitoring classroom dynamics; creating social clubs; training teachers on cultural diversity (inclusive of communication); acknowledging, valuing and celebrating cultural differences; declaring English as an elective subject; unlimited access to the internet and library; and promoting parental involvement in the education of their children.
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Letete, Mpatuoa Hlapi. "Microfinance in Maseru, Lesotho: challenges and prospects for poverty reduction." University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4834.
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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)This study assesses the challenges of microfinance and its prospects for poverty reduction in Maseru, the capital of Lesotho. It further assesses the challenges faced by the regulators of microfinance in this economy. In doing so, the study informs the policy makers in Lesotho about strategies that could be adopted to improve the microfinance industry in the country for the benefit of a large sector of the population that does not have access to formal lending channels. The study examined ten informal and formal microfinance groups, five representatives of the formal institutions and two from the Government: the Central Bank of Lesotho (CBL) and the Ministry of Finance and Social Development. The results of the study reveal some fundamental lessons for microfinance industry in Maseru, Lesotho, which could be applicable to other developing countries as well. First, microfinance in Maseru has had a positive change on the lives of its participants as articulated by the interviewees in this study. Second, it has promoted entrepreneurship and enabled its participants to open small and medium enterprises. The results of which has been a shift in consumption patterns of participants and poverty reduction. Despite the positive impacts, microfinance in Maseru has had challenges. These challenges include unlawful practices undertaken by the informal microfinance institutions such as seizure of the assets from those who default on their loans. The lending risks faced by formal institutions as well as regulation challenges by the CBL. The policy implication of this study is that the CBL and the Ministry of Finance need to require informal groups to register for licences to eliminate the level of corruption and unlawful practices experienced in the informal microfinance industry.
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Nwako, Azubuike Benjamin. "Prevelance and determinants of low birth weight in Maseru Lesotho." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5889.
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Magister Public Health - MPH (Public Health)INTRODUCTION: Low birth weight (LBW), affecting about 30 million newborns annually, is the commonest cause of severe morbidity and mortality amongst neonates globally, and is implicated in a high proportion of stillbirths. Neonatal deaths of LBW babies are mainly due to infection, prematurity and respiratory distress. Many factors affect LBW including maternal factors such as age, pregnancy associated factors such as illness in pregnancy, socio-economic factors such as housing type and foetal factors such as multiple gestations. In 2009, a national survey estimated that the prevalence of LBW was at 9.5% in Lesotho, based on a combination of actual birth weight measurements and birth weight estimations provided by the respondents. Given the high probability of non-differential misclassification arising in the national study, the prevalence of LBW arrived at was in doubt and only a limited number of factors potentially affecting LBW were assessed.
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Ntsaba, 'Mankone 'Mabataung. "An investigation into the nature and extent of erosion and sedimentation in the Maqalika Dam catchment, Maseru." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001899.
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The study investigates the nature and extent of erosion and deposition in the Maqalika catchment, Maseru. Components of the study include (i) the re-construction of erosion and land use history in the catchment from 1961 to 1985, (li) determination of dominant factors or combinations of factors responsible for the observed erosion distribution at each date, (iii) the identification and evaluation of erosion and deposition features, and their spatial and temporal variations, and (iv) identification of socia-economic problems associated with observed erosion and deposition. Methods employed for the re-construction of erosion and land use history include the use of sequential aerial photography of 1961, 1979 and 1985, orthophoto maps and review of literature from past studies. It has been possible to map erosion and land use for the three time periods pinpointing areas of major change. Results are presented in map form showing the spatial distribution of each erosion class and each land use category. It was however not possible to derive any meaningful relationship between erosion distribution and land use, on the aforementioned maps. The only observation made from the comparison of the maps is that erosion degree and distribution sometimes changes with land use, while land use sometimes changes in response to erosion. Major land use changes are the conversion of agricultural land to urban land use, and grazing land. Due to the mnlti-dimensional nature of soil erosion, hand 'actor analysis was employed to determine which factors or combinations of factors were dominant at each date. Despite the extensive research on the various factors affecting erosion such as those used for the USLE and SLEMSA there is a growing uncertainty as to which factors are more important to erosion. Soil erodibility has been found to be a component of the major controlling factor combinations in all three periods under study. At each date erodibility combined with a number of other factors determined the observed erosion distribution. As suggested by Mosley (1980), Cambell (1985) and Coleman and Scatena (1986) sediment from a catchment is derived principally from spatially limited portions of the catchment. Likewise eroded sediment becomes deposited in spatially limited areas with special characteristics which encourage deposition. Aerial photographic survey aided by ground survey and oblique photographs were employed to identify sediment sources and sinks within the catchment. Some sediment sources are fIxed such as gully floors and sides, while some change location from time to time such as construction sites. An evaluation of portions of the catchment for their ability to supply and deliver sediment has shown that the most eroded areas are not the most active sediment sources. Sediment yield is limited by either supply or transport. Sediment yield was estimated using reservoir survey data which indicate that there is a high rate of soil loss from the catchment. One flaw of this method as a measure of soil loss is that it treats the measured sediment yield as if it were contributed uniformly from the basin. This method however affords the researcher to estimate minimum erosion rates, taking into account that large amounts of sediment are stored at various places within the catchment. The possible socio-economic consequences of erosion and deposition have been identified. These include loss of cropland, destruction of roads and building sites which require methods of reclamation, sedimentation of small reservoirs and ponds, and the formation of gully bottom fills which are potential sediment sources. Conservation measures presently applied in the catchment are assessed and found to be irrelavant to the present erosion problem. Data from the reservoir survey revealed that the estimated rate of soil loss is more important to on-site erosion damage than to off-site damage in the form of the sedimentation of Maqalika reservoir. Appropriate conservation measures such as those suggested by Amimoto (1981) would be relevant to the study area, however the main constraint in their implementation would be lack of legislation and the absence of a sound land use policy. It is therefore concluded that the present land use situation which does not take into consideration the physical constraints of the catchment is partly responsible for accelarated erosion in the catchment.
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Kapa, Motlamelle Anthony. "Consolidating democracy through integrating the chieftainship institution with elected councils in Lesotho: a case study of four community councils in Maseru." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002996.
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This study analyses the relationship between the chieftainship institution and the elected councils in Lesotho. Based on a qualitative case study method the study seeks to understand this relationship in four selected councils in the Maseru district and how this can be nurtured to achieve a consolidated democracy. Contrary to modernists‟ arguments (that indigenous African political institutions, of which the chieftainship is part, are incompatible with liberal democracy since they are, inter alia, hereditary, they compete with their elective counterparts for political power, they threaten the democratic consolidation process, and they are irrelevant to democratising African systems), this study finds that these arguments are misplaced. Instead, chieftainship is not incompatible with liberal democracy per se. It supports the democratisation process (if the governing parties pursue friendly and accommodative policies to it) but uses its political agency in reaction to the policies of ruling parties to protect its survival interests, whether or not this undermines democratic consolidation process. The chieftainship has also acted to defend democracy when the governing party abuses its political power to undermine democratic rule. It performs important functions in the country. Thus, it is still viewed by the country‟s political leadership, academics, civil society, and councillors as legitimate and highly relevant to the Lesotho‟s contemporary political system. Because of the inadequacies of the government policies and the ambiguous chieftainship-councils integration model, which tend to marginalise the chieftainship and threaten its survival, its relationship with the councils was initially characterised by conflict. However, this relationship has improved, due to the innovative actions taken not by the central government, but by the individual Councils and chiefs themselves, thus increasing the prospects for democratic consolidation. I argue for and recommend the adoption in Lesotho of appropriate variants of the mixed government model to integrate the chieftainship with the elected councils, based on the re-contextualised and re-territorialised conception and practice of democracy, which eschews its universalistic EuroAmerican version adopted by the LCD government, but recognises and preserves the chieftainship as an integral part of the Basotho society, the embodiment of its culture, history, national identity and nationhood.
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Lerotholi, Lelingoana Benedict. "The role of online communication on social development in Maseru (Lesotho)." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1343.
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A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Communication Science at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2012.Majority of developing societies are usually succumbing to numerous socio-economic challenges. Communities in Maseru, the capital of Lesotho, are not excluded from this trend. Online collaborations are consequently at the heart of addressing these challenges. This study examines the probability of encouraging and engaging online communication for social and economic development in Maseru. The promises of online communication for transforming society and advancing the new economy have rested on the arguments that online communication could expand and widen access to electronic commerce, enhance the quality of distance education, improve the general quality and standard of living , and eventually improve the economy of Maseru. Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) are very powerful tools for diffusing knowledge and information to society which is a fundamental aspect of the development process. The presence of new communication technologies has a greater influence on human lives than we ever thought. It is imperative that every community in Lesotho examines ways and means of adopting their information communication technology (ICT) infrastructure as soon as possible or face the possibility of social and economic stagnation and isolation. The Internet has ushered in innovative ways of socialising and conducting business. Although it has, through the process of globalization, created a wide space to engage in business and eradicate poverty, many societies are still isolated. There are many reasons for this which could range from voluntary isolation, inadequate infrastructure, ignorance or sheer laziness. The study was conducted within the paradigm of both qualitative and quantitative methods. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used and this allowed the researcher to divide the population of Maseru into various Strata. This research explored why Maseru is slow to adopt ICTs to enhance their economic and social development. Revelations from the study will benefit this community and will also assist in making recommendations for overcoming economic and social decline.
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Hartline, F. "The emergence of male homosexuality and homophobia in modern-day Maseru, Lesotho." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3874.
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Ntlale, Matsola Evelyn. "The costs and benefits of nurse migration to their families in Maseru, Lesotho." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2961.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-89).
Health professionals including nurses from developing countries are currently leaving their native countries at an alarming rate to work in other countries, especially developed countries. As such developing countries are faced with the depletion of skilled human resource and Lesotho is no exception in this regard. These nurses are leaving their families, however, the impact of nurse migration is not known on the families left behind. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of family members of migrating nurses with regard to the costs and benefits on their lives.
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Tšiame, Cyprian Mafata. "The investigation of the impact of technical and vocational education on the socio-economic development of Lesotho with special reference to Maseru district." Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/95.
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Thesis (M. Tech.) - Central University of Technology, Free State, 2006The demand for continuing reform to technical and vocational education system and its products and services had been inevitable. The challenge for both the Lesotho Ministry of Education and Training Department of Technical and Vocational Education and Training and the Lerotholi Polytechnic had been to develop strategies, which would enable both economic and social goals to be realized. However, it had been a major concern that the present training system had been having some limitations and the Government’s investments in technical and vocational education produced un-healthy results and returns. The private sector had a poor few of the quality and relevance of the training offered by the public technical institutions; more specifically the Lerotholi Polytechnic, and majority of the labour market had been reluctant to employ the graduates from the institution. If quality assurance and relevance prevailed the private sector would send their employees, supervisors and managers for skills upgrading to the Lerotholi Polytechnic. The Government of Lesotho could promote its economic growth and poverty alleviation objectives if the existing tailored training substantiated to impact on the socio-economic development. The study was intended to investigate the impact of the Lerotholi Polytechnic programmes on the socio-economic development on Lesotho with special reference to Maseru district. The premises lied upon access to the Lerotholi Polytechnic technical and vocational education programmes, relevance of these programmes towards socioeconomic development, their quality assurance for the contribution towards the socioeconomic development and the training and learning strategies employed in the Lerotholi Polytechnic. Management issues such as planning, control and coordination also had to be envisaged with respect to the legal framework of technical and vocational education. Both the Lesotho Ministry of Education and Training Department of Technical and Vocational Education and Training and the Lerotholi Polytechnic formed the sample population whose responses had been triangulated in the quest for the imperative epistemic of the impact of technical and vocational education on the socio-economic development of Lesotho with special reference to Maseru district. Results had been presented and findings acknowledged. Recommendations had been advocated for the better functioning of the Lerotholi Polytechnic programmes in the contribution towards socio-economic development of Lesotho with special reference to Maseru district.
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Nthinya, Bojoalo Cynthia. "Implementation of workplace HIV/AIDS policies and programmes by small and medium enterprises in Masery." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79922.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: An alarming rate of HIV/AIDS in the country has compelled the Government of Lesotho to make changes in the labour act; to accommodate HIV/AIDS in the workplace. In order to assist businesses in complying with the labour Act requirements, the Government put in place guidelines, aimed at assisting businesses in the development and implementation of workplace HIV/AIDS policies and programmes. However, it has been observed SMEs have not been utilising these guidelines. The purpose of the study therefore is to establish the level of knowledge SMEs have about the Government guidelines; to determine whether they have existing workplace HIV/AIDS policies; and establish the challenges SMEs face in using the guidelines to implement workplace HIV/AIDS policies and programmes; with the purpose of providing guidelines for support in the implementation of workplace HIV/AIDS policies. The results show 46.7% and 46% of employers and employees respectively is not aware of the guidelines. There were only five managers who indicated they have policy in place. Only 21 employees were aware of the existence of HIV/AIDS workplace policies at their work. There were various challenges that were stipulated by the SMEs. Some businesses pointed out they did have the expertise and financial strength to develop and implement HIV/AIDS workplace policies. Further it was stated the guidelines were not clear, therefore could not be put in practice. It is therefore essential to ensure training is provided to SMEs and their employees; to ensure they do understand what is required of them. It is also imperative to make sure those who are in financial need are also assisted. The other important aspect that needs to be addressed during training is why HIV/AIDS should be treated as a workplace issue. This will enlighten SMEs on the importance of developing and implementing workplace policies and programmes. Thus they will understand the benefits of effective management of HIV/AIDS in the workplace; which can be brought about by effective HIV/AIDS policies and programmes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ‘n Kommerwekkende koers van MIV/VIGS in die land het die Lesotho regering gedwing om veranderinge in die Arbeids wet aan te bring, om sodoende MIV/VIGS in die werkplek te akkomodeer. Om besighede te help om die Arbeids wet se riglyne na te kom, het die regering sekere riglyne in plek gestel wat daarop gemik is om MIV/VIGS programme te ontwikkel en implementeer in die werkplek. Dit is egter opgemerk dat KMG ondernemings nie die riglyne toe pas nie. Die doel van die studie is dus om vas te stel wat die vlak van kennis die KMG’s het in verband met die regering se riglyne; of hulle enige bestaande MIV/VIGS beleide in plek het en om die eise wat die implementering van die riglyne om ‘n MIV/VIGS beleid in die werkplek stel. Die doel is dus om die riglyne te voorsien wat die implementering van werkplek MIV/VIGS beleid ondersteun. Die resultate toon dat 46.7% en 46% van werkgewers en werknemers onderskeidelik, nie bewus is van die riglyne nie. Daar was slegs 5 bestuurders wat aangedui het dat daar wel ‘n beleid in plek is. Net 21 werknemers was bewus van die MIV/VIGS beleid by hul werk. Verskeie uitdagings is deur die KMG’s uitgewys. Sommige besighede het aangedui dat hulle wel die kennis en finansies om die MIV/VIGS beleid te ontwikkel en te implementer. Verder is ook aangedui dat die riglyne nie duidelik is nie en daarom nie geimplementeer kon word nie. Dit is daarom noodsaaklik om te verseker dat opleiding verskaf word aan die KMG’s en hul werknemers, om te verseker dat hulle verstaan wat van hulle verwag word. Ook is dit noodsaaklik dat persone wat finansiele hulp benodig ondersteun moet word. ‘n Ander belangrike aspek wat aangespreek moet word tydens opleiding is hoe MIV/VIGS behandel moet word in die werkplek. Dit sal vir KMG’s verlig hoe belangrik die ontwikkeling en implementeering van werkplak beleid en programme is. Sodoende sal hulle die voordele van effektiewe bestuur van MIV/VIGS in die werkplek, wat deur effektiewe MIV/VIGS beleid en programme te weeg gebring kan word, beter verstaan.
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Diaho, Mahlao Judith. "Experiences and coping strategies of women living with HIV/AIDS diagnosis : a case study of Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49959.
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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Several studies have reported that thirty million people are living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. Fifty percent of the infected adults are women aged between 15 and 49 years. In Lesotho, HIV/AIDS has also been declared a national emergency and an estimated 180,000 women out of 330,000 adults, and 27,000 children are living with HIV/AIDS. Statistics have shown that the majority of AIDS cases occur in adults aged 15 and 49 years in Lesotho. Presently women are the fastest growing infected population in Lesotho. Regardless of the growing numbers of women infected with HIV/AIDS, experiences of women living with HIV/AIDS have received little attention in Lesotho. Qualitative research in this area is necessary to gain access to women's perceptions of their HIV positive status. In this study, the experiences and coping strategies of Basotho women living with HIV/AIDS were investigated. The study used a feminist approach to research. Feminist research stresses the multiplicity of knowledge and it is useful to understand the subjective experiences of women. Indepth, face-to-face interviews were conducted with five women ranging between 29 and 46 years, purposefully drawn from Positive Action Society Lesotho (PASL). Grounded theory was used to analyse the data. Findings indicate that women's risk for exposure to HIV is related to their ability to protect themselves by negotiating a safe sexual relationship. Women who feel powerless in their relationships are less likely to protect themselves against HIVexposure. These perceptions of powerlessness are the result of a broad array of experiences that may include exposure to gender-based violence and restricted economic opportunities. The results show that it is common for women to be shocked, depressed, and discouraged when they find that they are living with HIV/AIDS as can be expected. It is also difficult for women to disclose their HIV positive status to family, friends and community members because of stigma attached to HIV/AIDS. Participants developed different ways of coping with their status such as religion, healthy life style, AIDS counselling and social networks. There was a profound sense of anxiety about the future care of children. The study concludes with a number of recommendations to promote an environment that will make it possible for women living with HIV/AIDS to cope with their illness.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Studies het bevind dat daar ongeveer dertig miljoen mense in sub-Sahara Afrika is wat met MIVNIGS leef. Vyftig persent van geinfekteerde volwassenes is vroue tussen die ouderdom van 15-49 jaar. In Lesotho is MIVNIGS as 'n nasionale ramp verklaar en daar word beraam dat 330,000 volwassenes, 180,000 vroue en 27,000 kinders MIVNIGS het. Statistiek het ook getoon dat die meerderheid VIGS gevalle in Lesotho voorkom by volwassenes in die ouderdomsgroep 15-49 jaar. Vroue is tans die vinnigste groeiende groep. Ten spyte van die groeiende getalle vroue wat met MIVNIGS geinfekteer is, het die ervaringe van vroue in Lesotho wat met MIVNIGS saamleef tot dusver relatief min aandag geniet. Kwalitatiewe navorsing in hierdie verband is nodig om toegang tot vroue se persepsies te verkry rakende hul eie MIV positiewe status. In hierdie studie is die ervaringe en hanteringsmeganismes van Basoetoe vroue wat MIVNIGS het, ondersoek. Die studie het 'n feministiese benadering gebruik, wat die multiplisiteit van kennis en die subjektiewe ervaringe van vroue beklemtoon. In-diepte aangesig-tot-aangesig onderhoude is met vroue tussen 29-46 jaar gevoer. Gegronde teorie is gebruik om die data te analiseer. Bevindinge dui aan dat vroue se risiko vir blootstelling aan MIV verband hou met hul vermoë om hulself te beskerm deur te onderhandel vir 'n veilige seksuele verhouding met 'n maat. Vroue wat magteloos in hul verhoudings voel, is waarskynlik minder suksesvol om hulself teen MIV blootstelling te beskerm. Hierdie persepsies van magteloosheid is die resultaat van 'n breë spektrum ervaringe wat sekondêre status, blootstelling aan geweld, en beperkte ekonomiese geleenthede insluit. Soos wat verwag word, toon die bevindinge dat dit algemeen vir vroue is om geskok, deppressief en ontmoedig te wees wanneer hulle uitvind dat hul MIVNIGS het. Dit is ook moeilik vir vroue om hul MIV status aan familie, vriende en gemeenskapslede bekend te maak weens die stigma wat aan MIVNIGS kleef. Respondente het verskeie wyses ontwikkelom hul status te hanteer, soos godsdiens, 'n gesonde leefstyl, VIGS raadgewing en sosiale netwerke. Daar was ook 'n intense bekommernis by vroue oor die toekomstige sorg vir hul kinders. Die studie sluit af met 'n aantal aanbevelings om 'n omgewing te promoveer wat dit vir vroue wat met MIVNIGS leef moontlik sal maak om hul siekte te hanteer.
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Ramotubei, Pheello. "Understanding landscape dynamics using spatial metrics: A case of Maseru City Council (MCC), Lesotho." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30018.
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Remote sensing provides accurate and timely data for earth’s change detections for better decision making. Both land use and land covers (LULC) are important dynamics in understanding the dynamics interaction between human activities and the environment and the changes within the environment due to these interactions. Rapid population growth together with an irreversible process of urbanisation results in productive agricultural land which serves as the main source of livelihood under pressure for residential purposes. The reason being rapid urbanisation led to rapid increase of informal settlement in the developing countries and hence information about location and the extent of these informal settlements is needed to guide resources allocation distribution for upgrading and decision making processes. Thus a quantitative measure like the spatial metrics is used in this research to provide information on the rate and pattern of urban expansion for urban planners to device a mechanism for proper spatial planning and provide a management policy direction for solving complex problem of population growth and the encroachment of the informal settlements into fertile agricultural land along the urban peripheries emanating from internal and international migrations. The study indicates that there has been an increase of 928 Ha in the built up land between 2005 and 2016, while at the same time the agricultural has decreased by 820 Ha at the expense of the built up land. This indicates that in 11 years, percentage decrease of 0.35% in agricultural land is lost for built up land annually. In the similar manner, around the urban peripheries there is a loss of 3.4% of agricultural land (60.36 Ha) annually for informal settlement between 2005 and 2016 The spatial metrics which provide the quantitative description of composition and configuration of landscape shows that the urban peripheries are gradually being transformed from being simple compact to being more fragmented and complex as indicated by Area Weighted Mean Patch Fractal Dimension (AWMPFD) greater than one. This study indicates a need for immediate intervention through planned settlement to cater for an ever increasing population growth from natural birth and different types of migrations.
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Ralitsoele, Teboho. "Analysing the road reserve encroachment in Maseru Lesotho using remote sensing and image analysis." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33912.
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The increasing rate of urbanization and the problem of road reserve encroachment mean that there is no space for road expansion and sometimes for maintenance and road furniture, these and other problems have exposed the problem of road reserve encroachment. The main aim of this study was to investigate methods of finding the road reserve encroachment in Maseru Lesotho using aerial photos. The study used single image analysis and multiple image analysis methods. In single image analysis, the study used three methods of image classifications to find objects that are in the road reserve. Under classification, the study used both supervised and unsupervised image classifications. For supervised classification, the study used the direct image classification method where the aim was to look for every object found in the road reserve. For the indirect approach, the study looked for the ground to find objects in the road reserve. For unsupervised image classification, the study assumed that small clusters are encroachment. In multiple images analysis, the study used the 2015 and 2017 images to determine permanent objects found to have encroached road reserves. Here the assumption was that encroachment does not change over time, which means that unchanged objects during the change detection have encroached on the road reserve. The confusion matrix was used to tell the best performing method and the results show that the indirect method, both in Qoaling and Maqalika performed best. All the methods showed that there was an encroachment on a road reserve, and found that permanent objects were; houses, shops, and shopping centers. The study recommended the use of images with higher resolution and more bands, also that images be taken frequently.
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Mahula, Pulane Matsietsi. "Memory, trauma, silences: Narratives of the 1982 Maseru Invasion." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6418.
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Magister Artium - MA (History)The aim of this mini-thesis is to interrogate an incident that happened in Lesotho in 1982, where the South African Defence Force (SADF) invaded the capital, Maseru, under the guise of searching for ANC operatives and killed 42 people thirty of whom were South Africans, while the remaining 12 were Basotho citizens. A particular concern is how traumatic events are represented by witnesses, how they remember or, rather talk, about the event, and the secrets and silences which may arise. A lack of literature on this period of Lesotho's history and the Raid itself has necessitated a wider engagement with Raid as it is the first raid that involved the SADF, perpetrated in Lesotho. The first chapter draws out and highlights the complicated relationships between Lesotho and South Africa and their respective main opposition political parties, namely, the Basotho Congress Party and the overall South African liberation movements including the African National Congress and the Pan Africanist Congress. This brings me to conclude that the 1982 Maseru Raid and subsequent ones took place on the back of a period that was burdened with gross human rights violations in Lesotho and, this can be argued to explain why the Raid is not particularly spoken about.
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Moshoeshoe, Senate Louisa. "Incidence of Listeria monocytogenes in milk from producers in the Maseru area." Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/208.
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Thesis (M. Tech. (Biomedical Technology)) -- Central University of technology, Free State, 2013The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes and also to assess the general hygiene of fresh milk in the Maseru area, Lesotho. A total of 200 milk samples (40 pasteurised and 160 raw milk samples) were used for the research. Raw milk samples were collected from the local farmers at the Dairy reception as they bring it for selling. Pasteurised milk samples were bought from different milk selling points in the Maseru area. The total aerobic plate count, total coliform count and total E. coli count for 160 raw milk samples and 40 pasteurised samples were performed to determine the quality of milk. Milk was enriched in selective broths to increase detection sensitivity and was directly plated on selective agars for direct bacterial enumeration. About 54.4% of the of the raw milk samples had total aerobic plate counts greater that 200 000 cfu/ml while 55.6% (89/160) of the raw samples had high counts of greater than 20 cfu/ml for total coliforms, and 21.9% (35/160) of the samples had higher than expected total E. coli counts. High total coliform count was detected in 17.5% (7/40) of the pasteurised milk samples and about 67.5% (27/40) of these samples exceeded the limit for total aerobic plate counts. The counts exceeded the milk standards for pasteurised milk. Phosphatase activity was detected in seven pasteurised milk samples, whereas 33 tested negative for phosphatase activity. Some pasteurised milk samples tested positive for coliform counts which exceeded the maximum limits according to national standards for pasteurised milk. However, most of the pasteurised samples (82.5%) had acceptable counts of less than 20 cfu/ml. API and PCR were used for confirmation and amplification of the isolated Listeria strains. The prevalence of Listeria was found to be (3.75%). Listeria species were found in 6 out of 200 samples tested (160 raw milk samples and 40 pasteurised milk), and were only detected in the raw milk samples. Five species belonged to Listeria monocytogenes and one was Listeria innocua. None of the Listeria was detected in the pasteurised milk samples. Serotyping was done through multiplex PCR with D1, D2, FlaA and GLT primers to determine the serovar groups of L. monocytogenes. All six isolates revealed 214 bp gene which identifies the serotypes in Lineages I or III. The genetic fingerprinting of the isolated Listeria was also determined. Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC) sequence-based PCR was used to generate DNA fingerprints with ERIC specific primers. On the basis of ERIC-PCR fingerprints, three different DNA patterns could be discriminated among the analysed isolates. Three L. monocytogenes isolates showed similar DNA banding patterns, while two isolates both had different profiles. A questionnaire was used to determine consumption of raw (unpasteurised) milk or pasteurised milk and its products and it was completed by 300 households from the community. Although there was no indicated prevalence of raw (unpasteurised) milk consumption from the community, participants indicated symptoms alleged to consumption of pasteurised milk and/or milk products. According to community perception some of the dairy products consumed were allegedly implicated in food poisoning illnesses experienced. Participants indicated more symptoms with both fresh and sour milk consumption than in cheese and yogurt consumption.
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Ramafikeng, Matumo. "The prevalence of health risk behaviours among high school learners in the city of Maseru, Lesotho." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11238.
Full textAbstract:
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
This study was the first of its nature in Lesotho. Engagement in health risk behaviours is a public health concern, due to the consequences thereof. Concurrent engagement in risk behaviours has severe consequences on health and occupational abilities of the youth. The aim of the study was to establish and document the prevalence of risk behaviours among high school learners in the city of Maseru, Lesotho.
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Khoaeane, Tseliso J. "Challenges facing teachers with regard to the implementation of inclusive education in the Maseru district of Lesotho." Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/171.
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Thesis (M. Ed.)- Central University of Technology, Free State, 2012The aim of this study was to investigate the challenges that teachers face with regard to the implementation of inclusive education in the Maseru district of Lesotho. The skill, training of teachers, planning and the way in which inclusive education is implemented has a great impact on learners. In this study, a quantitative method using survey research design in the form of a semi-structured questionnaire was applied to collect data from randomly selected teachers in two districts of Lesotho, namely Lithabaneng and St. Bernadette. Questionnaires were used extensively because they provide an efficient way to obtain information about a wide range of research problems. The basic objective of the questionnaire was to obtain facts and opinions about a phenomenon from people who are informed on the particular issue. The research study revealed two most profound results. Firstly, that teachers are not properly trained and consequently experience serious challenges when teaching learners with special needs in an inclusive classroom. Secondly, that inclusive education is not properly implemented because the results show that most Lesotho school buildings do not accommodate children with physical disabilities. Furthermore, it became evident from the results of the study that implementation of inclusive education is not well monitored. The recommendations made in this study are that teachers need to be trained properly with regard to inclusive education and its implementation in Lesotho and for future construction of building structures by the Lesotho government ensures that provision is made for learners with special needs.
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Letsie, Moselinyane. "Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of TB non-adherent and adherent 2-3 years after their initial registration at Botšabelo clinic, Maseru, Lesotho." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5366.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Public Health - MPHBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) in the majority of cases is a curable disease requiring prolonged treatment of six months. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends the Direct Observation Treatment Short course (DOTS) strategy as the approach to control TB. Despite such interventions, defaulting from TB treatment is still a major problem among TB patients at Botšabelo Clinic in Maseru. This research aimed to describe knowledge, attitudes and perceptions to TB as a disease and its treatment among non-adherent and adherent at Botšabelo Clinic in the Maseru district of Lesotho, in order to identify contributing factors related to defaulting treatment. Study design: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. Population and sampling: TB non-adherent and adherent registered at Botšabelo Clinic in 2007 were included in the study. Simple random sampling was used to select both non-adherent and adherent. Data collection: Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire. Data analysis: Epi-Info Version 3.4.3 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics were calculated using frequencies, means and percentages for socio-demographic information, knowledge, attitudes and perceptions. A p-value of less than 0.05 was accepted as being statistically significant in all statistical tests. Results: The total number of respondents who were interviewed in this study was 283. 131(46%) were non-adherent and 152 (54%) were adherent. Non-adherent and adherent showed good knowledge of symptoms, prevention and transmission of TB. They were also knowledgeable about duration of treatment. 98% non-adherent and 100% adherent knew that TB is curable. 93% non-adherent and 93% adherent visited a health facility when TB symptoms occurred. Less than half of the respondents (47% non-adherent and 47% adherent) smoked. 47% non-adherent 43% adherent drank alcohol. Many non-adherent and adherent experienced support from the community. A large number mentioned that TB did not affect their marriage negatively. Conclusion: Non-adherent and adherent showed good knowledge of symptoms, prevention, disease transmission and definition of TB. Even though many could define TB, there were misconceptions that TB is caused by poison. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen health education on TB among communities. They were also knowledgeable that TB is curable and many could define DOT. Their attitudes and perceptions towards TB as a disease were positive. Many (93%) of those who were diagnosed with TB went to a health facility for treatment, while others sought it from traditional healers. Less than half of non-adherent and adherent delayed seeking treatment. A considerable number of non-adherent and adherent were heavy smokers. Alcohol intake was moderate among both groups. Media was reported as the main source of TB information in this study. Side effects to medication were the most reported deterrent to treatment among non-adherent. The side effect with the highest frequency was vomiting. It was followed by nausea and skin rash. Socio-economic factors that determined treatment were access to health services, long distance to the clinic, lack of transport and lack of funds and personal habits like smoking and alcohol abuse. Delay in seeking treatment was found to be a problem in this study. There was no difference found between knowledge attitude and perceptions of non-adherents and adherents.
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Leduka, Resetselemang Clement. "The role of the state, law and urban social actors in illegal urban development in Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288515.
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Mohobane, Thabiso. "The Characteristics and Impacts of Landfill Leachate from Horotiu, New Zealand and Maseru, Lesotho: A Comparative Study." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://adt.waikato.ac.nz/public/adt-uow20080214.163007/index.html.
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Lin, Htein. "Causes and prevalence of traumatic injuries to the permanent incisors of school children aged 10-14 years in Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, etiology and types of injuries to permanent incisors among schoolchildren aged 10-14 years from Maseru, Lesotho. Upper and lower permanent incisors were examined for dental injuries.
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Adebanjo, Omotayo David. "Knowledge, attittudes and practices of healthcare workers about prevention and control of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis at Botsabelo Hospital Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, University of Limpopo ( Medunsa Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/423.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPH)--University of Limpopo, 2011.Background: Tuberculosis is one of the major public health problems in Lesotho. With the occurrence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, little is known about the views of health care workers on this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals about prevention and control of MDR-TB at Botsabelo hospital, situated in Maseru, Lesotho. Methods: This study was conducted by means of a semi-structured, anonymous, and self-administered questionnaire that was sent to health care workers. Returned questionnaires were collected through designated boxes stationed at selected places at the study site from 23rd September to 13th October 2010. The investigator and his assistants collected the returned questionnaires on the 15th October 2010. Results: The results of this study indicate that, overall, less than half (47.3%) of respondents had good level of knowledge about MDR-TB; but the overwhelming majority of them held negative attitude towards patients with MDR-TB. Further analysis showed that the level of knowledge did not affect the attitude towards patients suffering from MDR-TB but it influenced their practices. Having good level of knowledge about MDR-TB was associated with good practices such as the use of protective masks and MDR-TB guidelines and involvement in educating patients about MDR-TB. Moreover, the findings of this study showed also that the attitude of respondents towards patients suffering from MDR-TB did not influence their practices. Conclusion: In conclusion, less than half of respondents had good level of knowledge about MDR-TB, but over 85.5% of them held negative attitude towards patients suffering from MDR-TB. Although the level of knowledge about MDR-TB was found not to have influenced the attitude of respondents towards patients suffering from MDR-TB; and that xi their attitude did not influence practices, good level of knowledge was positively associated with safer practices such as using protective masks, educating patients on MDR-TB, and referring to the MDR-TB guidelines manual. An educational remedial intervention is recommended.
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Bereng, Nthabiseng. "An investigation into the application of customer relationship management (CRM) by the water and sewerage authority (WASA) in Maseru Lesotho." Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/9.
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Linjewile-Marealle, Navoneiwa. "Factors influencing utilization of Oral Health Services in Lesotho." The University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5802.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Public Health - MPH (Public Health)The oral health programme in Lesotho aims to offer curative, preventive, promotive and rehabilitative oral health services. However, observations as well as annual reports suggest that oral health service utilization is poor, as most patients only attend dental clinics with advanced stages of decayed teeth which can only be extracted. The reasons for this very undesirable late utilization of oral health services have not been systematically explored and understood in Lesotho. This makes it difficult for health planners to find solutions for improving access, utilizations and responsiveness of oral health services.
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Obioha, EE, and MA Nthabi. "Social Background Patterns and Juvenile Delinquency Nexus in Lesotho: A Case Study of Juvenile Delinquents in Juvenile Training Centre (JTC), Maseru." Journal of Social Science, 2011. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000711.
Full textAbstract:
In recent time, juvenile delinquency and its associated problems pose serious threat to Lesotho and across the
globe. This includes actions and inactions of children below the age of eighteen, of which the child is subject to conviction by
the state. This study investigated the social background patterns of juvenile delinquents to ascertain their contributions to
juvenile delinquencies in Lesotho. The study made use of all the 43 juveniles who were in the Juvenile Training Centre (JTC)
in Maseru at the time of this research. Relevant data were collected through the use of survey questionnaires with close-ended
questions. The results in the main corroborated what exists in literature that most delinquents come from broken homes; most
delinquents are males; delinquency is at a higher rate in urban areas compared to the rural areas and that most delinquents are
part of peer groups who engage in delinquent behaviours. Precisely, Maseru the capital city of Lesotho and Leribe were found
to be the districts with highest rates of juvenile delinquency. It was also discovered that most of the juveniles have fathers who
are employed in the mining industry. The most committed offence across the country was robbery. The high rates of robbery,
housebreaking and stock theft indicate that poverty may be the factor behind the scene in Lesotho, which requires urgent
attention from the government to tackle and eradicate poverty.
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Osuigwe, Chukwuemeka Ezenwa. "Shopping leakage facing Maseru town." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2517.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation is an attempt to understand shopping leakage from Maseru to Bloemfontein and Ladybrand. It investigates the patterns of shopping leakage and factors that contribute to the leakage. Theories were understood to prove the on going shopping leakage from Maseru. The rentral plare theory was explored to show how a hierarchy of plares influenres retail and shopping activities. Other location theories such as theory of tertiary activities was utilised to explore the impact of income, types of employment and buying power on retail location and shopping activities. Rationality theory was employed to verify the rational in the shopping movement from Maseru to Bloemfontein and Ladybrand. The study was based on focus groups, interviews and observation. The patterns of shopping from Maseru to Bloemfontein and Ladybrand are mainly for higher order goods and specialised goods such as quality clothes, shoes, jewelleries, and furniture. However some people who have cars buy groreries from Ladybrand that is closer to Maseru than Bloemfontein. The shopping trips were multi purpose activities. A shopper combines shopping with two or more activities such as banking recreation, hospital checkups, salon and tourism. Maseru does not have enough thresholds for some high order goods and services, and this leads to the shopping leakage. Although the employment rate in Maseru is high, income is generally lower. Shopping leakage was trared to rertain aspects of consumer behaviour, the characteristics of the shopping trip, retail facilities and types of shops available. Socio-economic factors also influenre shopping pattern, as do entertainment activities. Government and corporate bodies such as banks, through their regulations and laws created an impact on the shopping leakage from Maseru to Ladybrand and Bloemfontein. It is assumed that topography and burning of retail buildings in Maseru in September 1998 also limits the retail facilities in the town. Finally, the growth of Maseru is slow and steady, therefore it can be implied that retail trading in Maseru is following the same sequenre as the growth of the town.Thesis (M.T.R.P.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2005.
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Motsoene, Keneuoe A. "Urbanization and poverty in Maseru : a comparative study of Sekamaneng, Motimposo and Thibella." Thesis, 2014.
Find full textAbstract:
In the six decades since the mid 20th century, the world has experienced phenomenal urban growth, especially in the developing world. This growth has been closely associated with increasing levels of poverty and deprivation characterized by lack of access to safe water supplies, proper sanitation and access to assets. Other features include slums, informal settlements and low employment. This demographic shift is taking place within a context of low rates of economic growth and political engagement between the state and civil society. Lesotho, while sharing these experiences, is also one of the poorest countries in the world, ranking 158 out of 177 according to the UN Human Development Index. This has largely determined the nature of urbanization, with deepening economic problems in most of the country, rural and urban, resulting in poverty. Nevertheless, there has been a profound shift in location of that poverty. Whereas before it was overwhelmingly a rural phenomenon, now poverty is urbanized. In addition, due to the nature of urban development in the country, poverty is primarily concentrated in Maseru – the primary city of this small, land-locked country.
While literature concentrates much on developing world cities, including those of Africa, it is silent on the impact of urbanization on poverty in Maseru. This thesis attempts to fill this gap and argues that rapid and differentiated forms of urbanization have increased poverty in Maseru. It studies how differentiated forms and patterns of urbanization have affected the manifestations of poverty in different parts of Maseru. It also analyses the different livelihood strategies employed by the poor residents of the three communities (Thibella, Sekamaneng and Motimposo) in Maseru as the increase in urbanization has unsettled conventional livelihood strategies, compelling them to employ different livelihood strategies to survive. Further, the study examines how the urban governance systems and people within them are coping with these pressures. The study concludes that the increased poverty in Maseru resulted from Lesotho and Maseru’s historic development trends, as the results confirm. However, urbanization significantly exacerbated this poverty. The varied processes of urban growth (inward migration and urban encroachment) have affected the manifestations of poverty and created different experiences of poverty in Maseru and, in turn, shaped the livelihood strategies of its inhabitants. The urban governance is failing to cope with the demands of this growth further increasing poverty.
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Ntho, Mokhele. "Fire, looting and a church: re-imagining the socio-political position of civic architecture in Maseru." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23631.
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Thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Architecture (Professional) to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, School of Architecture and Planning at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2017This paper is an investigation into the cultural spatial practices of the Basotho. The overall intention is to create a new type of public space in Maseru that is rooted in the cultural and social practice of gathering. Located at the entrance of the Maseru CBD, this new public space challenges the traditional concept of a civic building by blurring hierarchical spatial distinctions that create divisions between the citizens and those in power. This proposed space is not entirely a new concept. It is customary in Basotho culture for a chief to call for a village gathering or "Pitso", - a traditional gathering where matters concerning the people are dealt with. The Pitso is spatially and conceptually similar to the Greek Agora in that, it is an open space where social and political interaction takes place. It is a temporary space that does not physically exist but rather comes to be through the act of gathering. Proceeding from this two main questions arise; - what is the position or relevance of this socio-political space in contemporary Maseru and through examination and comparison; can a new version of this space that addresses the aforementioned issues be synthesised? Due to the project's post-colonial context, theoretical ideas concerning the visual representation of African cultures and identity are examined. The design of the Northern Cape provincial government complex by Luis F. Da Silva is utilised as a practical example of methods and design techniques that attempt to foster a direct (and sometimes indirect) relationship with the cultural context of the building. This precedent study leads to questions about how architecture becomes an instrument in drawing out meanings and thus becoming a symbol within its context. Beyond tectonics, buildings posses and acquire meaning through association and function (Goodman, N. 1988). The proposed project therefore attempts to de-construct the inherent political meanings of government buildings by reconfiguring and re-imagining public service space in civic architecture.
XL2018
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Thekiso, Maelia Anna. "Marginalisation of school-going mothers in high schools in the Maseru district of Lesotho." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22681.
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A research report submitted to the Wits School of Education, Faculty of Humanities, University
of the Witwatersrand in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of
Education by combination of coursework and research.
Johannesburg, 2016.As a fulfillment to the Constitutional obligation which is to offer education as human right to everyone, Lesotho has introduced free primary education in schools. This is also a commitment to the Education For All movement. Despite the initiative the country has taken, there are some vulnerable groups of children who are deprived of their right to education. These include girls who fall pregnant while still pursuing their studies. These girls are faced with challenges which include being expelled from school when they fall pregnant. Those who are allowed to continue their studies, they experience marginalisation that may result into exclusion from school. This qualitative study has therefore investigated marginalisation that is experienced by the girls who fall pregnant while still at high school in the Maseru district of Lesotho. The study was conducted through interviews with teachers, pregnant girls, and girls who have babies and still in school, and girls who should be in school, but have been asked to leave school. The findings revealed that girls in schools and out of school are marginalised for similar and different reasons by their teachers, parents and peers. Teachers use language and labeling which humiliate these girls while parents neglect their daughters when they fall pregnant. Rejection by peers has also been revealed in this study. All these marginalisation experiences could be attributed to the silence of the Lesotho Educational Act about teenage pregnancy. Schools in the sample have different policies with regard to teenage pregnancy. As a result some schools exclude teenage mothers from education.
MT2017
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Leteka, Josephine Mabatho Mamalibeng. "Alcohol use/abuse among teenagers in selected high schools in Maseru city: the development of a health education programme." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/823.
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Lebentlele, Ntsoaki Thakane. "An evaluation of the problems facing the Maseru City Council (MCC) in the process of urban management in Maseru." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2156.
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Letsie, Masupha. "Utilisation of Maqalika Reservoir as a source of potable water for Maseru city in Lesotho." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/147.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.Tech.:Civil Engineering)-Dept. of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Durban Institute of Technology, 2005
v, 124 leaves, Annexures 1-10, Appendices 1-4Lesotho is a land locked country, entirely surrounded by the Republic of South Africa. Maseru is the capital of Lesotho and the country’s main centre for commerce and industry. The study area is located on the North-Eastern outskirts of the Maseru urban area. The catchment occupies an area of 44km2 with a length of about 13 km and channel slope of 0.4 km/km. The Maqalika Reservoir was built in 1983 to meet the water demands for Maseru city up to 1995, and its storage capacity was 3.7 Mm3. The storage is gradually decreasing as sediment, carried by the natural run-off accumulates in the reservoir. Moreover, water pumped into the reservoir from the Caledon River (which is heavily sedimented) adds its own contribution of silt. The reservoir is located in a very densely populated area, and is heavily polluted leading to high purification costs. The study was motivated by the fact that Welbedacht Dam was constructed in 1973 in the Caledon catchment but downstream of Maqalika. After 20 years, 85% of the volume of the dam was silted. The study was intended in finding whether the positioning of the Maqalika reservoir is acceptable and to find its remaining capacity as a water body supplying a fast growing city. Consideration was also given to the effect of land use practices on the water quality of the Maqalika reservoir, including the cost incurred during purification. The water quality data on physico- chemical was collected from the Water and Sewerage Authority and was analysed using excel spreadsheets. Results obtained were compared with WHO, SABS and National Standards of Lesotho. It was found that nitrates, phosphates and faecal coliforms levels were by far above minimum standards rendering water to be very contaminated and the source being leaking sewers, defeacation in dongas and leachate from Tsosane and Lower Thamae dumping site. Iron levels were also high with mean values beyond 0.3mg/l and the source being leachate from dumping sites, poor disposal of scraps and minerals from soil. Conductivity levels were high and the suspected source is waste solid disposal having a maximum of 442mS/m in March 2001. Hardness, temperature and alkalinity do not pose much danger to Maqalika water since recorded results were almost within limits. Turbidity levels were very high and the main source was found to be catchment sedimentation through run-off. For determination of the impact of sedimentation through pumping, hydrological data was obtained from the Department of Water Affair (DWA) and analysed using Excel spreadsheets to get sediment concentrations. A linear regression graph was plotted using discharge against sediment concentration that yielded y = 0.0007x – 0.0019. This was used in the Rooseboom mathematical equation for estimation of volume occupied by sediment from 1983 - 2002 and was found to be 6789 m3. For determination of the impact due to catchment run-off, a map method of estimating sedimentation from ungauged catchments developed by Rooseboom was used and a volume of 4.598 x 106 m3 was obtained showing that the main contributor of sedimentation in the reservoir is catchment run-off. The chemical costs employed during purification were also compared between WASA and Umgeni Water of Kwazulu- Natal and WASA was found to be expensive with 9 cents/kl while Umgeni spent only 5.24 cents/kl.
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Seholoholo, Masechaba. "Solid waste management in low and high income residential areas of Maseru : a comparative study of Maseru West and Seapoint." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4349.
Full textAbstract:
Waste management has received very little attention in Lesotho' s Development Planning. Lack of environmental policy and environmental framework law has resulted in waste being illegally dumped. Inadequate services in the country, coupled with increasing
population in the urban areas due to rural-urban migration, has led to litter being a serious environmental problem in the whole country, especially in the urban areas. This study aims to analyse the defects of the waste management strategies in Maseru by investigating the waste management systems employed in two residential areas of
different income levels. In addition, this thesis attempts to evaluate the impact of socioeconomic and educational factors on solid waste management practices in Maseru. An investigation into trends or similarities in the services rendered by the Maseru City Council was carried out and compared with the literature reviewed. A survey was conducted as two case studies, mainly to assess the present coverage and the standard of refuse generation, collection and disposal service. Waste was collected from the two study areas and compared in terms of the type and amount of waste. generated.
The major factors influencing waste generation were found to be the gender and educational level of the household head, income level of the household and the household size. These were found to be proportional to waste generation and inter-related. In this regard, that families headed by men were found to have higher incomes than those headed by women and were found to produce more waste. Furthermore, in households where the household head had attained a higher level of education, income levels increased, there was a concomitant increase in waste generation. In general, high income residential areas generated more waste than low income residential areas. Large families use more money and consume more food than small families, thus generate more waste. The major component of waste was largely paper and plastic, but glass, cans and organic
materials were also recorded. In general, waste management in Maseru (Lesotho) was found to be very poor because of lack of policy and contradicting and scattered sectoral laws dealing with waste management, lack of urban planning and infrastructure. More
importantly, waive of laws relating to waste has resulted in land degradation due to illegal dumping and littering.Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzubrg, 1998.
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Mohapeloa, M. M. "Land development challenges to upgrading : an evaluative case study in Ha Matala, Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2510.
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Keta, Mary Manthati. "An exploratory study of government ministerial libraries in Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1946.
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The present study explores the status of government ministerial libraries in Maseru,
Lesotho, with the purpose of discovering the
factors which affect the growth and development of these libraries.
To provide a wider context within which to view this study literature dealing with government libraries
was examined. Nineteen government ministerial libraries were
chosen as a population for the study. However, only fourteen ministerial libraries were
eventually surveyed. Twenty library workers were interviewed using a structured
questionnaire as the
data collection instrument. The collected information was analysed manually.
The study established that there are very few laws and regulations that govern the
existence of libraries in Lesotho. The responses showed that even though there are
government ministerial policies they do not accommodate libraries. The majority of these
libraries do not get support from government for library material and therefore they
depend only on donations which are not adequate, most of the time, for the needs of the
users. The responses also revealed that the
majority of government libraries do not function in the way that fully-fledged
libraries do. The library workers revealed that the
educational standards of library workers in Lesotho are not satisfactory at all.
Among the staff of government libraries that were interviewed only five had a university
degree, two had a university diploma and two had university certificates. It was found that
some of the library services had not performed well becasue of one-man libraries and a
lack of qualified staff The responses from the interviews established that government
ministerial libraries in Lesotho are static; they do not grow and develop largely out of a lack of recognition, a lack of interest and a lack of upport from the government.
Recommendations are based on the findings of the study with the hope that they will
provide a basis for properly equipped and adequately staffed library services in all
ministries in future.Thesis (M.I.S.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004.
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Makoa, E. T. "Collaboration between traditional healers and nurse practitioners in primary health care in Maseru Health Service Area - Lesotho." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17307.
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The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the existing relationship between
traditional healers and nurse practitioners in Maseru Health Service Area in Lesotho and
also to determine why people consult traditional healers. Qualitative and quantitative
methods were used to investigate the relationship between traditional healers and nurse
practitioners and also to determine why people utilize the services of traditional healers.
The study was limited to Maseru Health Service Area in Lesotho. Data was collected
from twenty-seven (27) nurses from nineteen (19) clinics and from thirty (30) traditional
healers from the same health service area. Data from traditional healers was collected
using semi-structured interviews while nurse practitioners were given a questionnaire to
complete. The study revealed that there was no formal relationship between traditional healers and
nurse practitioners. Support for traditional healers was revealed to be limited, for
example, only four (14.8%) nurses had a programme for traditional healers while twenty
( 66.7%) traditional healers did not have any contact with nurse practitioners.
Involvement of traditional healers in primary health care at grassroots level has therefore
been very minimal.
The reasons why people utilize traditional healers were found to be as follows:
• When people think they have been bewitched.
• Traditional healers can tell the actual cause of disease
• Failure of modern practice
• For social problems
According to the study, both traditional healers and nurse practitioners felt that
collaboration between traditional healers and nurse practitioners was essential because it
would enable planned referral of patients from one group to another where necessary; it
would also facilitate exchange of ideas and knowledge for the benefit of the people
served. Recommendations on collaboration and on support systems are given in Chapter
Six.Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Nursing Science)
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Motsabi-Tsabi, Ntseliseng. "Girls coping with sexual harassment issues in a high school in Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3210.
Full textAbstract:
This study attempts to broaden the knowledge and understanding of issues of
sexual harassment experienced by girls in a high school in Lesotho. It does this
by focussing on Form D girls in one high school in Maseru, here referred as Fora
High School; and consequently how they cope with it.
The study locates itself as concerned with gender justice. It assumes that it
constitutes a discursive position that contrasts and opposes dominant patriarchal
discourses. It sets out also to establish to what extent sexual harassment
occurred and how it was perceived by those that experience it. It is a qualitative
study that employs narratives and observation as the research methods. To
achieve this, a module that introduced concepts of sexuality and sexual
harassment preceded the data collection.
Although the study was confined to Form D girls and did not include all the girls
in this school, findings reveal that girls in this class experienced and observed
sexual harassment in this school and more specifically in the classroom than
anywhere else. Teachers were the major perpetrators of sexual harassment.
Studying the narratives presented as data, physical harassment was the most
frequently reported form of harassment. When such behaviours are reported,
teachers ignore it and this suggests that they 'normalise' sexual harassment and
thus reinforce dominant patriarchal discourses of hegemonic masculinity.
Based on the participants' narratives and also arguing from the discursive
position of gender justice, recommendations are suggested for this school and
others to introduce sexuality and sex education in an attempt to make schools
more equitable places for girls. It proposes that educational policies and
curricular development more generally be revisited and to ensure that they are
addressing sexuality education and therefore sexual violence particularly.Thesis (M.Ed.) - University of Natal, Durban, 2002.
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Thaanyane, Mamosa Esther. "Teachers' experiences of implementing business education in three secondary schools in Maseru District, Lesotho." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3390.
Full textAbstract:
Following the introduction of a new curriculum, Business Education, in Lesotho secondary schools this study focused on investigating teachers’ experiences in implementing the new curriculum in their classrooms as well as the factors associated with the success or failure of its implementation. This qualitative case study was used to provide in-depth insight into the day-to-day implementation of Business Education, successes and failures of teachers (teachers’ experiences). It further gave me an opportunity to delve into the weaknesses and strengths of the cascade model of training teachers, which was offered to teachers during implementing a new curriculum. Data was collected from three secondary schools in Maseru, Lesotho where six teachers were purposively selected from Lesotho Commercial Subjects Teacher Association (LECSTA).
The data collection methods used are influenced by interpretivist paradigm and the study used individual interviews with open-ended questions, non-participatory observation and documents reviews of the lesson plan books, scheme of work and record of work done as well as the students’ test scripts. A review of few documents was used to compliment data collected through the first two methods of data collection. A theory of curriculum change was used in the study and ethical issues were considered. The findings of this study revealed that teachers were not adequately trained on how to implement Business Education and not many teachers were involved in the design of the new curriculum. They were not even trained on the teaching methods because the NCDC just assumed that they would not have problems. Teachers also showed that performance of Business Education is not good because teachers hate teaching theory, as a result concentrate more on practical, which leads to students hating it as well.Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.
40
Boopa, Mafusi Claurana. "Adherence to antiretroviral therapy by adolescents in Maseru : influencing factors and social work support." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21680.
Full textAbstract:
Adherence to long-term medications has remained a problem among adolescents worldwide. Antiretroviral therapy adherence is a wide-reaching challenge among HIV positive adolescents. The aim of this study is to explore and describe poor ART adherence among HIV positive adolescents in Maseru: influential factors and the need of social work support.
Qualitative approach was used, following an explorative, descriptive and contextual research design. The research was conducted at BCMCOE Lesotho. Data was collected by using semi-structured in-depth interviews and purposive sampling was applied to select a sample of adolescents who are HIV positive and who have poor adherence to ART. Data was analysed according to the framework provided by Tesch (in Creswell 2003). Guba’s model (in Krefting 1991) was employed for data verification. Conclusions were drawn and recommendations were made about factors influencing adherence of adolescents to ART and support needed from social workers.Social Work
M.A.(S.S.)
41
T'Seole, Nkeka Peter. "Workplace HIV and AIDS management : the case of Thetsane industrial area in Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5000.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to investigate outcomes of approaches used to mitigate the
negative impacts of HIV and AIDS at workplaces in Lesotho using Thetsane Industrial Area
as a case study. Garment industries in Lesotho are faced with a serious threat due to the HIV
and AIDS prevalence in the country. A huge number of the labour force is leaving firms due
to increased morbidity and mortality associated with HIV and AIDS. In view of this, this
study investigated approaches used in managing HIV and AIDS in the workplace. In order to
optimize the accuracy of the research results, a triangulation research method was utilized.
The results indicate production levels to have improved since the advent of the Apparel
Lesotho Alliance to Fight AIDS (ALAFA). The findings suggest ALAFA to have taken over
the responsibility of HIV and AIDS prevention and management, especially in the garment
industries, providing HIV and AIDS victims with all the necessary services needed to keep
HIV and AIDS under control. These findings therefore suggest overdependence on ALAFA
by the garment industries for HIV and AIDS management. The findings also imply that
garment industries had no resources in the form of human capital specializing in the
knowledge of HIV and AIDS management from the individual garment industries. Despite
the fact that HIV and AIDS still spreads at an alarming rate, the larger implications of this
research’s findings, especially relating to the serious challenge faced by the garment
industries of losing their labour force to HIV and AIDS, is that the pandemic has lately
become manageable given that there are now ARVs and ART to be used as treatment by HIV
and AIDS victims.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.
42
Motaba, Mokomatsili Nathaniel Ndaba. "The Lesotho Education Act of 1995/96, and its socio-economic and academic impact on Lesotho teachers: a case study in Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, 2014.
Find full textAbstract:
This study examined how the Lesotho Education Act of 1995
was initiated, formulated and implemented. In addition,
the study investigated teachers' perceptions of the
impact of the Act on them. The study was conducted
through stakeholder interviews, school visits and an
examination of official documents, education reports and
minutes of meetings.
First, the study has established that the Act was
initiated to phase out churches from school management in
church schools, contrary to its stated objectives of
promoting education. Second, the process of formulating
and implementing the Act was bureaucratic and lacked
coherence, sustainability and political consensus. Third,
the Act has left teachers disillusioned and feeling
disempowered by not accommodating their representation in
structures dealing with their employment, conditions of
service, promotion and demotion, transfer, discipline,
dismissal, and designing the national curriculum. It has
no provision for them to unionise, and does not even bind
the employing authority to allow them to influence
policies at national level. Fourth, on the provision of
education, the Act is seemingly inconsistent with the
national Constitution and other conventions on the Rights
of Child and conventions which Lesotho signed. Contrary
to them, the Act makes the provision of education in
Lesotho circumstantial.
Keywords: Lesotho Education Act 1995, Lesotho Education
Stakeholders, Lesotho Church Education, Lesotho
government and churches, Lesotho Teachers,
43
Seeiso, Tabeta. "Antenatal care literacy of pregnant women in Thaba-Tseka and Maseru Districts, Lesotho." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23733.
Full textAbstract:
The proposition that inadequate health literacy on antenatal care (ANC) is exacerbating maternal mortality in sub Saharan Africa (SSA) is undisputable. Yet, little is known about ANC literacy in Lesotho, an SSA country with high maternal mortality rates. This cross-sectional study explored the levels of ANC literacy and the associated factors in 451 purposively sampled women in two districts using a semi-structured questionnaire making recourse to statistical principles.
Overall, 16.4% of the participants had grossly inadequate ANC literacy, while 79.8% had marginal levels. Geographic location and level of education were the most significant predictors of ANC literacy. Participants had the lowest scores on knowledge of danger signs in pregnancy and true signs of labour. Furthermore, significant knowledge gaps on baby layette and mother’s essential items for delivery were found.
Adequate ANC literacy is critical to reducing maternal mortality in Lesotho. Improving access to ANC education, particularly in rural areas is recommended.Health Studies
M.A. (Nursing Science)
44
Lekhotsa, Thabiso Alphonce. "The perceptions of adolescents on the use of HIV youth friendly centre in Maseru, Lesotho." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27004.
Full textAbstract:
This qualitative exploratory study explored adolescents’ perceptions of the HIV youth
friendly centre at a hospital in Lesotho in order to improve adolescent-friendly health care
services in Lesotho. Data was obtained through interviewing nine purposively selected
adolescents aged 18–19 years who accessed health care services at the centre, and was
analysed using an adapted version of Colaizzi’s seven-step thematic analysis. Six themes
emerged from this study: attributes experienced during adolescents’ visits to health care
facilities, adolescents’ perceptions of the health care facility, waiting times, facts related
to HIV pre-test counselling, description of services available for adolescents’ health, and
challenges faced by adolescents in relation to their HIV positive status. The adolescents
explained the factors that encouraged them to be tested, and to commit to HIV
management and treatment. The findings showed that it is important to reserve a
dedicated space for adolescents, to provide comprehensive health services at one site,
to ensure adolescents’ privacy and confidentiality, to indicate patient flow clearly, to
indicate the service offering clearly, to offer flexible operating hours and days, to involve
youth in the service provision, to keep queues short, and to establish peer support groups.Health Studies
M.A. (Public Health)
45
Sekamane, Thabang. "An exploration of the impacts of socio-economic activities on the loss of biodiversity in the Maseru and Berea districts of Lesotho." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18652.
Full textAbstract:
Text in EnglishBiodiversity is a fundamental characteristic of life on Earth and encompasses the whole range of variation in living organisms. Lesotho has been subjected to tremendous biodiversity change over the last two centuries, primarily due to socio-economic activities. A number of socio-economic factors have contributed to the loss of biodiversity. However, worldwide experience has shown that, the consequences emanating from loss of biodiversity are sometimes irreversible as some species are threatened by extinction. The study aimed at exploring the impacts of socio-economic activities that result in loss of large game animals, predators and indigenous plants species in Lesotho. To serve this objective, both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies were used to collect data. Quantitative research method was used in pre-post tests whilst qualitative research method was used in interviews and focus group discussions to collect data. The finding and results of the study show that, impacts of human vectors such as immigration, migration, settlement, economic and recreation activities in Lesotho have the impacts to the loss of large game animals, predators and indigenous plants. It is imperative therefore, for Lesotho to find ways to establish more parks and botanic gardens that could offer opportunities for re-introduction of species in Lesotho, thus, adding value to the existing parks.
Environmental Sciences
M. Sc. (Environmental Management)
46
Kaphe, Gabriel Kaphe. "Managing curriculum change : a study of six secondary schools in Maseru, Lesotho." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25503.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences that the principals encounter when managing curriculum change at the secondary schools in the Maseru district. The study is qualitative in nature and employed a case study to investigate principals’ experiences with the LGCSE curriculum change. This study used Kotter’s theory of change management as a theoretical foundation for the analysis of the data. Semi-structured in-depth –interviews and non-participant observations were used to collect data. A total of six principals from urban and rural secondary schools were interviewed and observed. Content analysis was employed to analyse data in this study.
The findings revealed that the secondary school principals in the Maseru district lack skills and knowledge to manage the LGCSE curriculum change. The findings showed that the majority of the principals were not thoroughly trained on how to manage and implement the LGCSE. The principals needed continuous support from the Ministry of Education and Training. There was also a need for relevant and adequate resources to support curriculum changes. This study revealed that most principals delegated the instructional roles to the Head of Departments and the deputy principals to manage lesson plans, selection of teaching and learning materials as well as monitoring lesson presentations. This study found that most principals concentrated on administrative roles. Team work and school based workshops were found to be the strategies that principals used to manage the LGCSE curriculum change.Educational Leadership and Management
M. Ed. (Educational Leadership and Management)
47
Chaka, Claurinah Malemohang. "A study of the distance teacher education programme (DTEP) offered by the Lesotho College of Education in Maseru Lesotho." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/11422.
Full textAbstract:
The study set out to assess the quality of the DTEP offered by the LCE by examining its strengths and limitations regarding student teachers‟ home and academic background, mode of delivery, entry requirements, course materials, content and pedagogic approach. This was done through analysis of some course documents and materials, interviewing course designers, tutors as well as final year student teachers. DTEP appears to be doing well in some areas and not so well in others. To start with, the programme came as the main answer to qualifying the teachers that were employed as un/under qualified at the pressing demands of UPE and FPE in the early 2000s. DTEP goes beyond teaching primary school content and methodology, onto teaching content aimed at opening doors for further study and thus other careers for its clientele. But there‟s still dire need to convince student teachers that this is good practice and for their benefit and not an unnecessary burden, as they perceive it to be. DTEP also appears to be succeeding in not just changing the negative attitudes and/or perceptions that most of its clientele tend to have at entry point, but also in them actually changing from wrong practices as well.
However, the programme is characterized with some serious administrative challenges such as lack of transport which results in late delivery of study materials and irregular school visits. Also the DTEP entry qualifications are very low and yet there‟s no form of bridging course put in place to compensate for this. It as well seems that, though they are the only means of course communication, the DTEP course materials tend to be well written, interactive and thus of a good quality. The revisions of such materials, started late 2009, was completed early 2010. DTEP tutors as well stress to their students the importance of learner centred methods of teaching even though they are not able to demonstrate their use to them most of the time.
48
Motjoli, Moeketsi. "A study of factors promoting high teacher turnover at Mabathoana High School in the Maseru district in Lesotho." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1840.
Full textAbstract:
This study was designed to investigate "Factors promoting high teacher turnover at Mabathoana High School in the Maseru district-Lesotho". This is a church school situated in the urban areas of Maseru. This study employed a case study approach
where the following questions were raised: What is the nature of leadership within the school, how are the relationships within the school as well as to what extent does the community around the school influence teacher turnover? The findings of the study revealed that the leadership did not seem to adequately involve sub-ordinates in decision-making. Moreover, relationships among teachers as well as between teachers and students seemed to be smooth, but relationships with the principal seemed to be not conducive. The community around the school did not seem to contribute to teacher turnover in the school, as it seemed to be supportive of teachers' activities. The recommendations of the study were that the Ministry of Education should review the Teaching Service Regulations in order to ensure that principals are trained in administration, leadership and management skills before assuming the position of headship. School leaders should involve teachers in decision-making to a greater extent through the use of teamwork. School leaders should ensure that teachers are adequately motivated at all times. This can be achieved through the establishment of co-ordinated staff development activities, provision of incentives and so forth. Teachers should be assisted to improve and strengthen the existing relationships Between themselves and the management, among themselves, between themselves and students as well as between themselves and the entire community are sound. They should also increase areas of school community interaction. This can be achieved through more staff development workshops, which will enhance their skills.Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2004.
49
Pokothoane, Mokhele Wilfred. "Challenging trading traditional disciplining structures in a girl's high school in Lesotho : Exploring alternative ways of doing pastoral care." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4610.
Full textAbstract:
This research concerns disciplinary practices within a school system in
Lesotho. The school that has been researched is a girl’s high school in
Maseru (the capital of Lesotho). The school belongs to the Anglican Church.
I (the researcher) am a Mosotho man and an English and Religious Studies
teacher in this school. For a while I have been concerned about the way
punishment happens in the school, often leaving girls feeling shamed and
powerless in the face of authority. I have also noticed that these disciplinary
practices are losing their effectiveness, in that girls are showing resistance to
the system. In other words corporal punishment, which has been the
traditional form of discipline, is proving ineffective in today’s world. The
researcher also considers this form of discipline abusive of power. It is in the
light of this that I worked within this system, both with pupils, as well as
teachers, to explore alternative practices that might work with pupils, that
are respectful of all parties concerned. The research is a participative action
research, using collaborative narrative practices in working with both
students and staff at the school.Practical Theology
M. Th. (Pastoral Therapy)
50
Tseki, Ahaka M. "Urban culture : a Basotho cultural centre." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/7269.
Full text