Journal articles: 'Mashonaland West Province (Zimbabwe)'

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Kett, Maria, and Marcella Deluca. "Transport and Access to Inclusive Education in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe." Social Inclusion 4, no. 3 (June 7, 2016): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v4i3.502.

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Lack of accessible transportation is considered a major barrier to education for children with disabilities—children already far less likely to attend school. While millions of children face challenges with getting to school, including long distances, poor roads, lack of transport and safety issues, these can be compounded for children with disabilities. Yet there is little data from low and middle-income countries on the nature and extent of this exclusion, or on attempted solutions. This paper explores some practical options for improving transport as part of providing inclusive education for children with disabilities in low income countries, as well applying concepts of transport-related social exclusion in such contexts. The paper reviews a project designed to improve sustainable transportation to school for children with disabilities in four districts in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe. The most common solution was three wheel motorbikes (tricycles) with trailers. Whilst not been unproblematic, teachers, parents and the wider communities overwhelmingly agree that they have supported children with disabilities to attend school. Obviously tricycles are not the only component needed for an inclusive education system, but they are a start. The paper also highlights some crucial gaps in current approaches, key among which is the fact the most government departments work in silos. Whilst inclusive education is strongly supported by the Zimbabwean Government, there is a lack of joined up thinking between transport and education ministries. Without stronger collaboration across ministries children with disabilities will continue to experience avoidable barriers and transport-related social exclusion.

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Mugauri, Hamufare, Owen Mugurungi, Addmore Chadambuka, Tsitsi Juru, Notion Tafara Gombe, Gerald Shambira, and Mufuta Tshimanga. "Early Infant Diagnosis Sample Management in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe, 2017." AIDS Research and Treatment 2018 (July 26, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4234256.

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Background. In 2016, Mashonaland West Province had 7.4% (520) dried blood spot (DBS) samples for early infant diagnosis (EID) rejected by the Zimbabwe National Microbiology Reference Laboratory (NMRL). The samples were suboptimal, delaying treatment initiation for HIV-infected children. EID is the entry point to HIV treatment services in exposed infants. We determined reasons for DBS sample rejections and suggested solutions. Methods. A cause-effect analysis, modelled on Ishikawa, was used to identify factors impacting DBS sample quality. Interviewer-administered questionnaires and evaluation of sample collection process, using Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) was conducted. Rejected samples were reviewed. Epi Info™ was used to analyze findings. Results. Eleven (73.3%) facilities did not adhere to SOP and (86.7%) did not evaluate DBS sample quality before sending for testing. Delayed feedback (up to 4 weeks) from NMRL extended EID delay for 14 (93.3%) of the facilities. Of the 53 participants, 62% knew valid sample identification. Insufficient samples resulted in most rejections (77.9%). Lack of training (94.3%) and ineffective supervision (69.8%) were also cited. Conclusion. Sample rejections could have been averted through SOP adherence. Ineffective supervision, exacerbated by delayed communication of rejections, extended EID delay, disadvantaging potential ART beneficiaries. Following this study, enhanced quality control through perstage evaluations was recommended to enhance DBS sample quality.

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Shreve, Adam T. "Religious Films in Zimbabwean Contexts." International Journal of Public Theology 9, no. 2 (June 2, 2015): 193–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-12341392.

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This article presents the author’s original research of a reception study of religious films amongst Shona peoples in the Gora and Chikara villages, which are located in the Mashonaland West Province of Zimbabwe. The two central questions of the author’s study are: First, in what ways might pre-existing Shona images of Jesus shape Shona responses to and interpretations of Jesus as he is portrayed in The Jesus Film (1979) and in indigenous, short, Jesus films in Zimbabwe today? Secondly, how might the viewing of these films affect these images of Jesus? This article addresses how indigenous, short Jesus films in Zimbabwe have manifested different representations of Jesus from the pervasive European image of Jesus that is perpetuated by The Jesus Film. This research is particularly relevant to current trends in media and technology, as the indigenous, short Jesus films are being distributed via mobile phones in Zimbabwe.

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Ndhlovu, Julius, Lwazi Sibanda, and Joyce Mathwasa. "Influential Factors to Financial Management in Chegutu District Secondary Schools of Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe." Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal 1, no. 3 (December 20, 2020): 330–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rielsj.v1i3.141.

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The study explored factors that influence financial management in Chegutu District Secondary Schools of Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe. The study was stimulated by the serious financial challenges in secondary schools as characterised by failure to follow laid down procedures, disagreements, inadequate training and lack of knowledge by both school heads and SDC members in managing finances. The interpretive paradigm and qualitative approach guided the study. A case study design was adopted and purposively sampled participants constituted five school heads, five School Development Committee chairpersons, five School Development Committee treasurers and five school bursars. Thematically analysed data was collected through semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The findings revealed that manuals and policy circulars influence the way schools formulate their budgets as they give clear steps that should be followed. It also emerged from the study that the school finance committee is responsible for drawing the school budget after consultation with other stakeholders. It was found that training of school heads, School Development Committee members and bursars influence financial management to a larger extent and there is a very strong relationship between financial management training and effectiveness of financial management in secondary schools. The study concluded that good working relationship among stakeholders and lack of knowledge by both school heads and School Development Committee members in managing school finances greatly influence the way they execute their duty of managing school finances. The study recommends further research that explores strategies that can be established for improving the way schools manage finances.

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Blessing, Ropafadzo Chigunhah, and Svotwa Ezekia. "Bank credit access trends among farmers in Hurungwe District of Mashonaland West Province in Zimbabwe." Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics 12, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jdae2020.1160.

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Lizias, Kadziya, and Katanha Anyway. "Teachers’ Perceptions on Clinical Supevision by Primary School Heads of Makonde District, Mashonaland West Province of Zimbabwe." Greener Journal of Educational Research 4, no. 1 (March 20, 2014): 023–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15580/gjer.2014.1.020414092.

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Maharajh, Lokesh Ramnath, and Lucia Tsitsi Musikewa. "“Skill, drill, and kill”." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 371–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss2.2899.

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This paper reports on teachers’ summative assessment experiences at grade seven level in selected primary schools in Chegutu District, Mashonaland West Province in Zimbabwe. The study's purpose was to determine the effect and impact the final, standardised, and high-stakes assessment have on teaching and learning at grade seven level in these primary schools. Using a qualitative research design, we generated data from eight teachers who were purposefully selected from four of the different primary schools found in Zimbabwe (rural, farm, urban, and boarding). Semi-structured interviews, documents, and records analysis were employed as data generation to allow for rich and detailed information from all available sources for this research. This paper presents and discusses the data about teachers’ summative evaluation experiences at grade seven in the Zimbabwean education system. The findings reveal a severe effect and impact of end-of-year grade seven examinations on teachers, instructional practices, the curriculum, the learners, and the education system. It also shows that teachers depend excessively on drilling and repetitious revision practices to meet the standards required and expected by stakeholders. The findings further reveal contradicting responses from teachers on enhancing learners’ performance from drilling and coaching. There emerged from the findings a consensus among teachers on merging formative, continuous, and summative assessment forms. This paper suggests a more balanced and holistic assessment structure at grade seven level that caters to learners' diverse populations and environments in Zimbabwe.

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Mishi, Syden. "Remittances and Sustainability of Family Livelihoods: Evidence from Zimbabwe." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 6, no. 12 (December 30, 2014): 958–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v6i12.553.

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Most developing countries are riddled with socio-economic woes that pose a challenge to livelihoods. These challenges negatively affect income levels of individuals and households, limiting their access to economic opportunities. Households often strategise to sustain their livelihoods, and one of such option is migration of a member, domestically or internationally. Migration can be individual or household strategy for survival therefore remittances have a role to play in adjusting the household income. Making use of ordinary least squares estimation techniques, this article examines how families use migration as a survival technique based on survey data from small mining town of Chegutu located in Mashonaland West Province of Zimbabwe. We found out that remittances go a long way in providing income for basic services like municipal services, food, medical expenses. Furthermore, remittances also tend to influence behavioural change among households- making them consume more status oriented goods and services. The findings have implications to how policy makers view migration and development- migration should not be viewed negatively as in the past since it can help meet developmental needs of the receiving community through sustainability of family livelihoods. Policy should rather necessitate frictionless flow of these funds by reducing costs and unnecessary regulatory requirements.

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OCHANDA, H., A. S. YOUNG, G. F. MEDLEY, and B. D. PERRY. "Vector competence of 7 rhipicephalid tick stocks in transmitting 2 Theileria parva parasite stocks from Kenya and Zimbabwe." Parasitology 116, no. 6 (June 1998): 539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182098002613.

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The competence of 7 different stocks of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and R. zambeziensis to transmit 2 different stocks of Theileria parva was compared by feeding nymphae of each tick stock simultaneously on infected cattle and assessing the infections in the salivary glands of the resultant adult ticks. There were significant differences in the patterns of infection of the 2 stocks (T. parva Muguga and T. parva Boleni) in the different stocks of ticks, and these differences were shown to be reproducible. The Muguga tick stock from Kenya and the Zambia tick stock from Eastern Province had the highest infections of T. parva Muguga and T. parva Boleni respectively. The Zambia Southern Province tick stock and the Zimbabwe Mashonaland West tick stock had the lowest infections of T. parva Muguga and T. parva Boleni respectively. The difference in mean abundance of infection between the most and least efficient vector for T. parva Muguga was 63·3 while that for T. parva Boleni was 54·4 infected acini. The implications of these results for laboratory transmission of T. parva and for the epidemiology of theileriosis are discussed.

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Gomo, C., K. Kanonhuwa, F. Godobo, O. Tada, and S. M. Makuza. "Temporal and spatial distribution of lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreaks in Mashonaland West Province of Zimbabwe from 2000 to 2013." Tropical Animal Health and Production 49, no. 3 (February 4, 2017): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-017-1222-y.

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Mutanana, Ngonidzashe, and Douglas Gasva. "Evaluation of Counselling Services Provided by the Victim Friendly Unit to Survivors of Rape in Hurungwe District, Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe." Greener Journal of Social Sciences 5, no. 4 (October 20, 2015): 082–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15580/gjss.2015.4.081615118.

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Chikazhe, Lovemore, Rahabhi Mashapure, Desderio Chavhunduka, and Purity Hamunakwadi. "Socio-Economic Implications of Covid19 Pandemic to Women Entrepreneurs: A Case of the Informal Sector in Zimbabwe." Business Management and Strategy 12, no. 1 (December 7, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bms.v12i1.17911.

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The purpose of the study was to establish the effect of Covid-19 pandemic to women entrepreneurs in the informal sector of Zimbabwe. A qualitative study was conducted in Mashonaland West province in Zimbabwe. Data was collected through telephone interviews from 16 informal business women entrepreneurs in the retail sector. The participants were involved businesses that include; vegetable vending, operating clothing flea market and cross border trading. The study established that business for women entrepreneurs in the informal sector were affected by inter-province travelling regulations. It was also established that women were most affected as they are responsible for making sure that children are fed on daily basis. To make matters worse, some were widows and others were looking after many orphans. This to a larger extent encouraged cases of strained relationship in the home because of inadequate resources especially food. Cases were also reported of gender-based violence because all members of the family were now spending most of their time together with little resources to use in looking after the family. Thus, health problems such as high blood pressure and were also witnessed. The study recommended the government to provide protective equipment and sanitizers to women entrepreneurs and informal traders so that they can safely continue to produce, distribute and sell their merchandise. The government should assist with transport for smallholder farmers to ferry their produce to markets safely. Also, the government was recommended to communicate with market leaders about how to best handle a lockdown and reopening.

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Alikali, Moses. "The attitudes and activities of pastors and faith leaders in Zimbabwe on the use of family planning methods among their members." Christian Journal for Global Health 4, no. 2 (July 11, 2017): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v4i2.188.

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Background Faith leaders are important gatekeepers in disseminating reproductive health messages and influencing positive behavior change within communities. Faith leaders are seen as the most powerful, visible, and reachable form of authority, even trusted more than governments or non-profit organizations. In addition to providing counsel and advice aimed at enhancing health and wellbeing of the worshippers, faith leaders also play an important role in advocating and influencing what is taught in schools and what services are provided in healthcare facilities. Because of this influence, faith leaders often have an unparalleled opportunity—indeed, a moral obligation—to prioritize conversations about family planning, advocating, and closing the contraception gap. The overall objective of this study was to ascertain the attitude and activities of pastors and faith leaders in Zimbabwe on the use of family planning methods among their members. The result revealed that some faith leaders believed that spreading information about family planning education was the responsibility of the government and tended to avoid such responsibility. However, through training on family planning advocacy, much can be achieved. Methods Qualitative study methods were used to better understand the attitude and activities of pastors and faith leaders in Zimbabwe on the use of family planning methods among their members. The participants of this survey were drawn from 8 of 10 provinces in Zimbabwe, which include: Bulawayo, Harare, Manicaland, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East, Mashonaland West, Masvingo, and Matabeleland North. Paper-based questionnaires were answered by 24 pastors and 26 faith leaders in Zimbabwe (Table 1) through personal face-to-face meetings, while interviews were conducted with a select few pastors and faith leaders. The samples were drawn from randomly selected churches in Zimbabwe. Data was analyzed using Epi info 7 and Microsoft Excel. Results Generally, the pastors and faith leaders understood the benefits of longer birth intervals for the health of their members and their children, and the need for them to be involved in family planning awareness. However, both seemed slow to incorporate family planning into their programs. The faith leaders indicated an interest in being a part of various forms of campaigns to promote family planning if they could be equipped with correct information on family planning. Many strongly believed family planning to be of great importance to them and their families in situations where their financial incomes were low, and that family planning could reduce the rate of abortion. A majority agreed family planning was in agreement with their religious beliefs. Some felt their members had basic information on family planning methods, but only 44 percent of the faith leaders actually counseled their members on family planning methods from time to time. Although many would like to be part of those who create awareness in their various places of worship, only 28 percent of them had the right information on family planning through training. Conclusion One major factor for the limited involvement of faith leaders in family planning awareness is their lack of correct information on family planning. The gap can be narrowed by organizing family planning advocacy training workshops. Networks such as Africa Christian Health Association Platform (ACHAP), the Islamic Medical Association of Zimbabwe (IMAZ), Zimbabwe Association of Church-Related Hospitals (ZACH), and Zimbabwe Council of Churches (ZCC) can also be leveraged to disseminate and accelerate the spread of family planning information.

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Mapuva, Jephias, and Machiya Fadzai. "Using the sustainable livelihood approach to explore determinants of off-farm diversification by land reform beneficiaries in Sanyati District-Mashonaland West Province-Zimbabwe." Journal of African Studies and Development 12, no. 2 (May 31, 2020): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jasd2020.0571.

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Ngonidzashe, Mutanana, and Gasva Douglas. "Community Perceptions on Marriage and Family Counselling: A Survey on Married Couples in Hintonville Community of Chegutu in Mashonaland West Province of Zimbabwe." Greener Journal of Social Sciences 4, no. 5 (September 20, 2014): 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15580/gjss.2014.5.012914074.

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Musundire, R., C. J. Zvidzai, C. Chidewe, R. T. Ngadze, L. Macheka, F. A. Manditsera, J. Mubaiwa, and A. Masheka. "Nutritional and bioactive compounds composition of Eulepida mashona, an edible beetle in Zimbabwe." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 2, no. 3 (June 15, 2016): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2015.0050.

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Eulepida mashona Arrow (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is widely consumed in rural and farming communities ofZimbabwe. Preparation methods before consumption for these insects are variable and have not been documented. Our study hypothesised that cooking for different durations result in different nutritional and bioactive compoundscomposition in insects and significant losses of beneficial bioactive compounds. Representative samples derivedfrom standard insect sampling procedures were collected from natural occurrences in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe. Proximate composition and bioactive component analyses were conducted following standard proceduresusing dried pulverised material from whole insects. There were no significant differences in proximate componentsbetween dried uncooked and cooked insects. Both insect samples prepared differently showed high crude protein and fibre contents of 62.4 and 25.4%, respectively, on dry matter basis; values which were higher than those of mostsimilarly handled edible insects in southern Africa. In dried uncooked insects flavonoids occurred in quantitiesof 0.024 mg/g. Relative to other compounds tested, saponins and oxalates occurred in higher quantities, that is, 196 and 28 mg/g, respectively, on dry matter basis. These two components were reduced by factors of 12 and 1.4, respectively, when insects were cooked for 30 minutes and dried. Cyanogen glycosides content was reduced three fold (from 1.4 to 0.43 μg/g) when insects were cooked for 30 minutes. However, safety concerns of hydrogen cyanideexposure exist, also in cases where smaller quantities (<50 g dry weight) of insects are consumed. Studies are neededon adequate processing to reduce risk of toxicity from cyanogen compounds. In general, cooking insects for 30minutes resulted in significant reduction of potentially harmful bioactive compounds namely: alkaloids, cyanogen glycosides, oxalates, tannins and saponins. There is high potential for exploitation of E. mashona as an additional commercial source of protein and fibre if consumer safety concerns are addressed.

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Hove, Innocent, Seter Siziya, Campbel Katito, and Mafuta Tshimanga. "Prevalence and Associated Factors for Non-Utilisation of Postnatal Care Services: Population-Based Study in Kuwadzana Peri-Urban Area, Zvimba District of Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe." African Journal of Reproductive Health 3, no. 2 (October 1999): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3583358.

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Ndemera, M., S. Landschoot, M. De Boevre, L. K. Nyanga, and S. De Saeger. "Effect of agronomic practices and weather conditions on mycotoxins in maize: a case study of subsistence farming households in Zimbabwe." World Mycotoxin Journal 11, no. 3 (September 18, 2018): 421–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2017.2227.

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Maize is susceptible to many mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins, being prone to Fusarium spp. infection and subsequent mycotoxin contamination. Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the predominant mycotoxin in Zimbabwean subsistence-grown maize and results of mycotoxin analyses indicated FB1 to be significantly higher compared to other mycotoxins. To fully elucidate maize agronomic practices influencing FB1 contamination of maize produced by Zimbabwean subsistence farming populations, an investigative field survey was conducted in the selected provinces of Mashonaland West and Manicaland. Agronomic data and associated climatic data were collected during the 2014/2015 agricultural season. A total of 158 maize samples were collected from households’ harvest, three months and six months post-harvest. Analysis and quantification of mycotoxin contamination in the maize samples was performed using a validated multi-mycotoxin analysis method with a scope of 23 mycotoxins. Maize was mainly contaminated by FB1. There was low mycotoxin co-occurrence in Zimbabwean maize, which was typically of Fusarium toxins. FB1 occurred in 23, 47 and 47% of samples at harvest, three and six months post-harvest, respectively. The corresponding means of positive samples were 609, 597 and 289 μg/kg, respectively. Regarding fumonisins, the choice of seed and fertiliser application were significant in modulating FB1 contamination. There was no significant difference in mean FB1 contamination during post-harvest maize storage. Daily temperatures were key factors influencing FB1 incidence and levels. High temperatures were associated with high FB1 contamination particularly at the flowering stage of maize. Rainfall was positively correlated with FB1 contamination. Good agricultural practices attributed to low FB1 contamination in maize pre-harvest. Post-harvest practices such as preserving seed integrity by preventing pest infestation using grain protection chemicals are important in achieving lower mycotoxin contamination and in particular, FB1, in maize grain.

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Dzimiri, Cynthia, Plaxedes Chikunda, and Viola Ingwani. "Causes of Child Marriages in Zimbabwe: A Case of Mashonaland Province in Zimbabwe." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 7, no. 1 (May 10, 2017): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v7.n1.p9.

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<div><p><em>Increasing concerns on the welfare of a girl child world wide is observed and yet there are significant matters still to be discussed. In addition to all the causes raised by other researchers one of the objectives of this study is to focus on the impact of the legal systems that are already in place on child marriage. This is elucidated by a sample of thirty (30) participants in one of the districts within Mashonaland Province of Zimbabwe. This study examines the reasons why child marriage is on the rise in this province and what the law, parents, teachers and the children themselves say about it which seems to be a dearth study in this issue. The study also focuses on the solutions to this disturbing issue. The researchers employed descriptive survey as a way of collecting evidence, analysing and reporting on the findings (Chiromo, 2009) and triangulation which refers to the use of multiple sources of data ( Palmer and Quinn, 2003 in Chinomona and Tam, 2013 ). Various independent sources of evidence including interviews, focus group discussion and document analysis provided the data. Data collection and analysis were done at the same time for accuracy’s sake. The results indicate that the major causes of child marriage in this province in particular are religious beliefs and practices as also indicated in the research by Masinire (2015). In addition to that the following were also highlighted as other factors that contribute to child marriage: lack of serious sex education in schools due to cultural beliefs and practices, socio-economic background of learners, early socialisation, parental expectations and level of education and also lack of adequate knowledge on the children‘s rights and other legal systems that support them. Shortcomings of these policies are discussed and recommendations are given before paving way forward for other researchers. </em></p></div>

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Samuel, Kyei, Tagoh Selassie, Kwarteng Michael, and Aboagye Evans. "Ophthalmic Anthropometry among Rural Dwellers in Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe." Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 4, no. 1 (April 8, 2021): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjmhs.v4i1.8.

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Introduction The measures of ophthalmic anthropometric parameters may vary among races and ethnic groups but are of immense importance in clinical diagnosis and management of oculo-visual defects. There is paucity of data on these measures among the Zimbabwean population. Purpose The aim was to determine ophthalmic anthropometric parameters among rural dwellers in Zimbabwe. Methods Six ophthalmic anthropometric parameters including interpupillary distance (IPD), head width (HW), temple width (TW), length to bend (LTB), and apical radius were measured using a pupillometer, PD rule, Head width calipers, Fairbank facial gauge, and ABDO frame rule. Results A total of 471 participants aged 18 to 100 years (mean age = 55.13; SD± 17.33 years). Of the 471 participants, 206 (43.7%) were males and 265 (56.3%) were females. A mean interpupillary distance at far was 65.57 ± 4.80 mm, mean temple width of 12.49 ± 1.53 cm, mean head width of 13.61 ± 1.39 cm and a side length to bend of 10.24 ± 1.20 cm and the apical radius was 9.94 ± 1.37. There was a significant (P < 0.05) difference between the ophthalmic anthropometric parameters of males and females except for temple width and apical radius. Conclusion A narrower interpupillary distance but a wider temple width was observed among adult Zimbabweans. A significant difference in ophthalmic anthropometric parameters between males and females were observed except for temple width and apical radius. This should inform eyewear manufacturers and importers of frames on the facial and ocular parameters of Zimbabweans to improve the aesthetics and ensure a comfortable vision for wearers of already-made near vision spectacles for presbyopes. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(1):99-111

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Taderera, Hope. "Assessing the Institutional Capacity Enhancement Strategy by the Zimbabwe AIDS Network in Mashonaland Central Province." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 2, no. 2 (June 23, 2012): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v2i2.1844.

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The current discourse assesses capacity building interventions by the Zimbabwe AIDS Network. It focuses on the organization’s Institutional Capacity Enhancement Strategy in Mashonaland Central Province. An overview of Zimbabwe’s HIV/AIDS policy interventions is made, to locate the policy context within which capacity building interventions are being pursued. Qualitative and quantitative methodologies were triangulated to come up with data which allowed for comprehensive collection, presentation and analysis of findings. A survey was carried out in Ward 11, a primary catchment area serviced by Howard Mission Hospital to assess the impact of the Institutional Enhancement Strategy in the community. This hospital was randomly selected from amongst the list of ZAN member organization in Mashonaland Central Province. Qualitative data was collected using key informant, and in-depth interviews. Secondary data was collected through a documentary search. An analysis of findings revealed that Howard Mission Hospital received a total average rating of 3, 7 from the community for its HIV/AIDS interventions, which implied a good rating. It was concluded that ZAN’s intervention towards capacitating Howard Mission Hospital for the benefit of the community in the fight against HIV/AIDS. This indicates success in contributing towards Zimbabwe’s AIDS policy, even though some challenges were also noted.

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Mtapuri, Oliver. "Developing an asset threshold using the consensual approach: Results from Mashonaland West, Zimbabwe." Journal of International Development 23, no. 1 (July 2, 2009): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.1605.

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Kyei, Samuel, Selassie Tagoh, MichaelAgyemang Kwarteng, and Evans Aboagye. "Prevalence of refractive error and visual impairment among rural dwellers in mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe." Journal of Current Ophthalmology 32, no. 4 (2020): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/joco.joco_224_20.

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Dzvukamanja, Alice Kudzaishe, Cremance Tshuma, Donewell Bangure, More Mungati, Tsitsi Juru, Notion Tafara Gombe, and Mufuta Tshimanga. "Evaluation of the Babies At Risk Surveillance System in Rushinga District, Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe, 2015." Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 05, no. 04 (2017): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojtr.2017.54013.

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Mpofu, Vongai, Tendai Samukange, Lovemore M. Kusure, Tinoidzwa M. Zinyandu, Clever Denhere, Shakespear Ndlovu, Renias Chiveya, et al. "Challenges of virtual and open distance science teacher education in Zimbabwe." International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 13, no. 1 (January 31, 2012): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v13i1.968.

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This paper reports on a study of the implementation of science teacher education through virtual and open distance learning in the Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe. The study provides insight into challenges faced by students and lecturers on inception of the program at four centres. Data was collected from completed evaluation survey forms of forty-two lecturers who were directly involved at the launch of the program and in-depth interviews. Qualitative data analysis revealed that the programme faces potential threat from centre-, institution-, lecturer-, and student-related factors. These include limited resources, large classes, inadequate expertise in open and distance education, inappropriate science teacher education qualifications, implementer conflict of interest in program participation, students’ low self-esteem, lack of awareness of quality parameters of delivery systems among staff, and lack of standard criteria to measure the quality of services. The paper recommends that issues raised be addressed in order to produce quality teachers.

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Tatsvarei, Simbarashe, Abbyssinia Mushunje, Saul Ngarava, and Clifton Makate. "Determinants of Informal Land Renting Decisions by A1 and A2 Farmers in Mashonaland East Province of Zimbabwe." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 6(J) (December 22, 2018): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i6(j).2595.

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Land rental markets are critical in developing economies as they contribute to efficiency, equity and welfare gains to farmers involved under conditions of low transaction costs. Despite lack of policy consistency in Zimbabwe, A1 and A2 farmers have been involved in these land rental markets, albeit in an informal manner. This study sought to establish the determinants of farmersâ€™ decision to take part in these informal markets. A survey was carried out in Mashonaland East province with a sample of 339 households selected through multi-stage sampling methods and data analysed using a bi-variate Tobit model. Results showed that combined together, the proportion of farmers involved in informal land rental markets are as much as those not participating. Determinants of renting-in were identified as gender, household income, permanent labour, cultivated area, tenure certainty, irrigable land size and crop diversification. Factors affecting renting-out decisions were age, permanent labour, irrigable land size and crop diversification and these results are not in any way different from findings from previous studies. The conclusion was that household characteristics and land endowments factors were strong in decisions to rent-in land while land endowments factors were dominant in decisions to rent-out land. Any future considerations for formalising land rental markets should consider these important factors having a bearing on land rental decisions.

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Tatsvarei, Simbarashe, Abbyssinia Mushunje, Saul Ngarava, and Clifton Makate. "Determinants of Informal Land Renting Decisions by A1 and A2 Farmers in Mashonaland East Province of Zimbabwe." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 6 (December 22, 2018): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i6.2595.

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Land rental markets are critical in developing economies as they contribute to efficiency, equity and welfare gains to farmers involved under conditions of low transaction costs. Despite lack of policy consistency in Zimbabwe, A1 and A2 farmers have been involved in these land rental markets, albeit in an informal manner. This study sought to establish the determinants of farmers’ decision to take part in these informal markets. A survey was carried out in Mashonaland East province with a sample of 339 households selected through multi-stage sampling methods and data analysed using a bi-variate Tobit model. Results showed that combined together, the proportion of farmers involved in informal land rental markets are as much as those not participating. Determinants of renting-in were identified as gender, household income, permanent labour, cultivated area, tenure certainty, irrigable land size and crop diversification. Factors affecting renting-out decisions were age, permanent labour, irrigable land size and crop diversification and these results are not in any way different from findings from previous studies. The conclusion was that household characteristics and land endowments factors were strong in decisions to rent-in land while land endowments factors were dominant in decisions to rent-out land. Any future considerations for formalising land rental markets should consider these important factors having a bearing on land rental decisions.

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Choto, Regis C., Stanley M. Midzi, Joseph Mberikunashe, Mufuta Tshimanga, Notion T. Gombe, and Donewell Bangure. "Evaluation of the Performance of Two Diagnostic Assays in Malaria Diagnosis in Mashonaland East Province, Zimbabwe, 2010." Open Journal of Epidemiology 05, no. 03 (2015): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojepi.2015.53023.

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Rubhara, Theresa, and Maxwell Mudhara. "Commercialization and its determinants among smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe. A case of Shamva District, Mashonaland Central Province." African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development 11, no. 6 (April 3, 2019): 711–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20421338.2019.1571150.

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Dhliwayo, Tsitsi, and Thembinkosi Tshabalala. "An Assessment of the Implementation of Staff Development Programmes in Mutoko District in Mashonaland East Province of Zimbabwe." Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 08, no. 02 (February 20, 2020): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjahss.2020.v08i02.004.

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Pedersen, C. K., P. Zimani, M. Frendø, N. J. Spindler, C. Chidziva, C. von Buchwald, and R. G. Jensen. "Chronic suppurative otitis media in Zimbabwean school children: a cross-sectional study." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 134, no. 10 (October 2020): 867–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215120001814.

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AbstractObjectiveChronic suppurative otitis media is a major cause of disabling childhood hearing loss, especially in low-income countries. Estimates on its prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa range from the lowest to the highest in the world (less than one per cent to more than five per cent). However, the prevalence of chronic suppurative otitis media in Zimbabwe is largely unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of paediatric chronic suppurative otitis media and other middle-ear pathology in rural Zimbabwe.MethodA cross-sectional study was performed in primary school children aged 4–13 years from the rural province of Mashonaland East. Participants underwent video otoscopy and tympanometry.ResultsOut of 451 examined children, two (0.4 per cent) had chronic suppurative otitis media. Acute otitis media was present in one (0.2 per cent), otitis media with effusion was present in five (1.1 per cent) and scarring was present in 69 (15.3 per cent).ConclusionChronic suppurative otitis media and otitis media sequelae were surprisingly uncommon in this sample of rural primary school children in Zimbabwe. More studies, preferably population-based, are needed to enable more precise estimates of chronic suppurative otitis media prevalence in Zimbabwe.

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Bhatasara, Sandra, and Kirk Helliker. "The Party-State in the Land Occupations of Zimbabwe: The Case of Shamva District." Journal of Asian and African Studies 53, no. 1 (July 6, 2016): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909616658316.

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There has been significant debate about the land occupations which occurred from the year 2000 in Zimbabwe, with a key controversy concerning the role of the state and ruling party (or party-state) in the occupations. This controversy, deriving from two grand narratives about the occupations, remains unresolved. A burgeoning literature exists on the Zimbabwean state’s fast-track land reform programme, which arose in the context of the occupations, but this literature is concerned mainly with post-occupation developments on fast-track farms. This article seeks to contribute to resolving the controversy surrounding the party-state and the land occupations by examining the occupations in the Shamva District of Mashonaland Central Province. The fieldwork for our Shamva study focused exclusively on the land occupations (and not on the fast-track farms) and was undertaken in May 2015. We conclude from our Shamva study that involvement by the party-state did not take on an institutionalised form but was of a personalised character entailing interventions by specific party and state actors.

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Kurebwa, Jeffrey, Emmaculate Ngwerume, and Charles Massimo. "Contribution of the Bindura Community Share Ownership Trust to Rural Development in Bindura Rural District Council of Zimbabwe." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 4, no. 4 (November 18, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v4i4.6624.

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This research analysed the contribution of the Bindura Community Share Ownership Trust (BCSOT) to Bindura Rural District Council (BRDC) in Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe. Key informant interviews and the survey questionnaire were used for primary data collection while secondary sources such as the Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment Act of 2007 and Statutory Instrument of 2010 which established the Community Share Ownership Trusts were analysed. The research found that 45 projects had been embarked on by the BCSOT. These projects included water, health, education and roads. It concludes that these projects had greatly contributed to rural development in Bindura Rural District Council. The respondents indicated that if CSOTs are to succeed, there should local community involvement in the identification of projects. The research recommended that the BCSOT should also establish small to medium enterprises and other income-generating projects in order to improve rural livelihoods.

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Mugauri, Hamufare, Owen Mugurungi, Gerald Shambira, Tsitsi Juru, Notion Tafara Gombe, and Mufuta Tshimanga. "A Comparative Evaluation of the Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Program for Seke and Goromonzi Districts, Mashonaland East Province, Zimbabwe, 2017." Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 07, no. 07 (2017): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojpm.2017.77011.

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Augustine, Ndaimani, Owiti Philip, AjayM V Kumar, Zizhou Simukai, Mugurungi Owen, MugauriHamufare Dumisani, and Komtenza Brian. "Gaps in the care cascade among human immunodeficiency virus-exposed infants born in 2017 in Mashonaland East Province of Zimbabwe." Journal of Global Infectious Diseases 13, no. 2 (2021): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_171_19.

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Njaya, Tavonga, and Nelson Mazuru. "Emerging New Farming Practices and their Impact on the Management of Woodlots in A1 Resettlement Areas of Mashonaland Central Province in Zimbabwe." Asian Development Policy Review 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2014): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2014.21.1.19.

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The study reflected on the impact of new farming methods on the management of woodlots in A1 resettlement areas in Mashonaland Central Province in Zimbabwe. Data for the study were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observations and documentary review so as to triangulate the evidence. A structured household questionnaire was used to collect socio-economic and production data pertaining to A1 farms. The study revealed that the use of wood fuel in tobacco curing has contributed to the destruction of woodlots. Meanwhile, there is a gradual breakdown of local systems for natural resource management and the dearth of any emerging alternative institutions. The study recommended the integration of positive elements of traditional institutional set up of local communities to ensure sustainable use of natural resources and continued livelihood streams. The government should provide and empower A1 farmers with expertise on extension methods that focus on conservation and agricultural technologies that are environmentally friendly.

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Nyikahadzoi, Kefasi, Byron Zamasiya, George Alex Muchinako, and Charles Dziro. "Enhancing Social Support System for Improving Food Security Among the Elderly Headed Household in Communal Areas of Zimbabwe." Journal of Food Research 2, no. 3 (May 14, 2013): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v2n3p46.

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The study sought to establish factors that contribute towards food security among elderly headed households and then seek ways of enhancing them. The study was conducted in Mudzi District in Mashonaland East Province of Zimbabwe. Data was collected from wards 11, 12 and 16. The study used cross sectional household data collected using a structured questionnaire. Two measures of food security are used; namely household food insecurity access score and household dietary diversity score. The results showed that food insecurity access score was statistically higher for elderly headed household when compared to those headed by younger people. The study revealed that social capital, remittances, and off farm income generating projects can increase the elderly headed household’s likelihood of being food secure. The study also showed that public assistance is not making a positive contribution towards food security of elderly headed household. This paper argues that it is important for government and civil society to promote social capital and support channels of remittances to elderly headed households in communal areas.

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Matikiti, A. "Effects of Planting Dates on Leaf and Grain Yield of Black-Eyed Bean Cowpea Type in Mashonaland East Province in Zimbabwe." American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 6, no. 2 (January 10, 2015): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajea/2015/11528.

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Upadhyaya, H. D., K. N. Reddy, M. Irshad Ahmed, and C. L. L. Gowda. "Identification of gaps in pearl millet germplasm from East and Southern Africa conserved at the ICRISAT genebank." Plant Genetic Resources 10, no. 3 (November 27, 2012): 202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262112000275.

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The International Crops Research Institute for the semi-Arid Tropics Genebank at Patancheru, India holds the world's largest collection of 22,211 pearl millet germplasm accessions from 50 countries including 4488 landraces from 16 East and Southern African (ESA) countries. Gap analysis using FloraMap software and 3750 georeferenced pearl millet germplasm accessions from ESA countries revealed 34 districts located in 18 provinces of four East African countries and 76 districts located in 34 provinces of seven Southern African countries as geographical gaps. Analysis of characterization data using DIVA-GIS software showed 11 districts of seven provinces in Sudan and Uganda and 58 districts of 20 provinces of seven countries in Southern Africa as gaps in diversity for important morphoagronomic traits. The following districts were identified as gaps common to geographic area and diversity for some or the other traits: Amuria district in Soroti province of Uganda; Mpwapwa in Dodoma province of Tanzania; Mahalapye in Centre province and Kgatleng in Kgatleng province of Botswana; Lalomo in Southern province of Zambia; and Motoko, Mudzi and Wedza in the province of Mashonaland East; Makoni in Manikaland; Gutu and Chivi in Masvingo; Gwanda and Bulalimamangwe in Metabeland south; Hwange and Nkayi in Metabeland north; and Kwe Kwe in Midlands of Zimbabwe. For a successful germplasm collection mission to fill the gaps identified, planning should be made in advance of collaboration and consultation with National Agricultural Systems, local government officials and extension officers. It is suggested to collect the complete passport data including georeference information while collecting the germplasm.

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Gadzirayi, Christopher, and Never Mafuse. "Comparative Analysis of Farmer Participatory Extension Approaches: Case of Farmer Field Schools and Master Farmer Training in Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 4, no. 4 (January 10, 2015): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2015/11301.

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Mapira, Nesta Nyaradzo, and Made Mantle Hood. "Performing Authenticity And Contesting Heritage In The UNESCO-Inscribed Jerusarema/Mbende Dance Of Zimbabwe." Lekesan: Interdisciplinary Journal of Asia Pacific Arts 1, no. 1 (May 22, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31091/lekesan.v1i1.340.

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In African societies, traditional dances form and shape a multitude of cultural expressions that reflect socio-cultural status, stalwart traditions and degrees of heritage maintenance. Due to colonisation, westernisation and Christianity, the performative aesthetics of many African traditional dances have been drastically modified over time. One such traditional dance in Zimbabwe that has undergone continual socio-cultural and aesthetic change is Jerusarema/Mbende from the Murehwa and Uzumba-Maramba-Pfungwe districts of Mashonaland Eastern province. In 2005, The Mbende Jerusarema Dance of Zimbabwe was proclaimed on the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) list of Masterpieces of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Authentic elements of the dance were compiled by the Zimbabwe National Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage (ZNOICH) committee in an effort to safeguard it against change. This safeguarding led the Jerusarema/Mbende dance along a contested path of endorsement and utilisation in multiple contexts by some performance ensembles such as Swerengoma, Ngomadzepasi, Zevezeve, Shingirirai and Makarekare as promoted by prominent dance festivals. These ensembles assert different agendas through music, props, instruments and dance movements. Drawing upon documentary video evidence from the National Arts Council of Zimbabwe and interviews, this paper evaluates the extent to which the authentic elements of the Jerusarema/Mbende dance inscribed on the UNESCO list have been safeguarded in formalised performances from 2013 to 2015. Video recordings from this period showing continuous participation of Ngoma Dzepasi, Makarekare and Shingirirai are used to assess similarities and differences from the fixity of authentic elements. We argue that UNESCO’s recognition of the Jerusarema/Mbende dance as intangible cultural heritage has, on the one hand, revived and maintained some characteristics of this dance but, on the other hand, gradually compromised innovative aesthetic music and dance elements introduced by inheriting generations.

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C, Chiweta, and Mushunje A. "Maize market reforms in Zimbabwe: A case study of the implications on maize production viability and household food security of smallholder farmers in Mazowe District, Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe." African Journal of Agricultural Research 7, no. 47 (December 31, 2012): 6254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar11.1079.

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Makwerere, David, Gillian Tafadzwa Chinzete, and Charles Massimo. "Accessing good quality water in hazardous mining environments: coping mechanisms for young women in selected districts of Mashonaland central, Zimbabwe." Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 24, no. 2 (December 18, 2018): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjpas.v24i2.8.

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The study focused on how environmental degradation due to unregulated illegal mining activities is affecting the welfare of communities in general and women in particular with regards to access good quality water. The methodological design was a qualitative approach and focused on the two districts of Shamva and Bindura in Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe. The study noted that the area of environmental policing has remained weak and compromised owing to a combination of factors, key among them being the difficult socio-economic environment which has often seen a lot of communities destroying the environment around them, political populism leading to the destruction of local ecologies and general disregard of responsibilities by companies operating mining, construction, and other enterprises.This has seen the gradual destruction and pollution of fresh water bodies across the communities.The study revealed that there is a considerable level of pollution on some water bodies in the two districts. The pollution is largely caused by the use of mercury and cyanide by the illegal gold panners and artisanal miners in the area. This has restricted opportunities for women’s access to safe domestic water. Women are using strategies such as outsourcing from neighboring communities with relatively safe water for domestic use, differentiating water for cooking and drinking and for other activities like bathing and laundry, water harvesting during rain seasons and buying from shops in extreme circumstances. In conclusion, the coping mechanisms only offer temporary relief and are not be sustainable in the long run.Keywords: Hazards, Coping Mechanisms, Mining, Environment, Legislation, Kyoto Protocol, Human Right

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Chipfuwa, Tirivanhu, Ancia Manwere, Margret M. Kuchenga, Lynah Makuyana, Estelle Mwanza, Elizabeth Makado, and Rumbidzai P. Chimutso. "Level of awareness and uptake of the female condom in women aged 18 to 49 years in Bindura district, Mashonaland Central province, Zimbabwe." African Journal of AIDS Research 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2014.901979.

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Makurirofa, L., J. Mavu, P. Mangwiro, and M. Nyamuranga. "Women's Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) Relating to Breast and Cervical Cancers in Rural Zimbabwe: A Cross Sectional Study in Mudzi District, Mashonaland East Province." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 8s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.67500.

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Background: Breast and cervical cancer constitute the most common cancers among women in sub-Saharan Africa. In Zimbabwe, cervical cancer accounts for more than a third of all cancers among women of African descent. Cancer knowledge levels, attitudes and practices of people in different sections of society, especially in remote and disadvantaged peripheral areas, should be assessed to guide current cancer interventions. Aim: This study aimed to assess breast and cervical cancer knowledge, attitudes and practices of women of reproductive age, in Mudzi District, Republic of Zimbabwe. The study forms the baseline for cancer intervention in this remote, rural district. Methods: This cross-sectional, community-based survey was conducted by triangulation of both quantitative and qualitative research methods. A total of 409 survey household questionnaires were administered to women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in 2014. Key informant interviews and focus group discussions were conducted to provide context for the survey responses. Results: The response rate was 100%. Nearly 85% of respondents had heard of cancer. About 34.2% did not know of any cervical cancer risk factors, while 51% were not familiar with the signs and symptoms of cervical cancer. About 55% had not discussed cancer issues with partners in the past 12 months, and only 27.4% had discussed cancer issues with partners at all. Most of the respondents (96.2%) had never undergone cervical cancer screening. The majority of the respondents (70.8%) had never discussed breast cancer issues with community members. About 70% had never discussed cervical cancer issues with community members. Conclusion: This study revealed a lack of awareness and comprehensive knowledge about breast and cervical cancer. It also revealed low self-risk perception, low uptake of cancer early detection services and low capacity of local health institution in offering cancer services. It is recommended that the scaling-up of cancer information dissemination and early detection services must be prioritized, including training of local health institutions.

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C, Pisa, Parwada C, Chiripanyanga S, and Dunjana N. "EVALUATION OF VERMICULITE APPLICATION RATES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF BRASSICA NAPUS (RAPE)." Science Heritage Journal 4, no. 2 (May 5, 2020): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/gws.02.2020.46.50.

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Production of leaf vegetables requires intensive soil nutrients management. A 3-year field experiment was carried out to assess effects of vermiculite application rates on the growth and yield of Brassica napus. The experiment was conducted during the 2016/17, 2017/18 and 2018/19 summer seasons at the Marondera University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (MUAST) farm, Mashonaland East Province, Zimbabwe. Vermiculite was applied at five levels of 0 (control), 1, 2, 5 and 10 t ha-1 in a completely randomised block design (RCBD) with 3 replicates. Basal and top-dressing fertilizers were applied using the recommended rates in the study area. The B. napus leaf width, leaf length, fresh and dry matter yield, leaf nutrient concentration and N and P uptake were measured. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at p = 0.05 was done to compare the effects of vermiculite application rates on growth and yield of B. napus. Growth parameters and yield of B. napus significantly (P <0.05) differed among the five levels of vermiculite. Application rates of 5 t ha-1 and 10 t ha-1 improved leaf width and length, fresh and dry matter yield of B. napus. Farmers may therefore apply 5 -10 t ha-1 of vermiculite in order to increase rape leaf yields. However, there is need for further researches to determine the optimum application rates of vermiculite are essential.

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Kepekepe, Kepekepe, and Bhebhe, T.B. "An Investigation into the Problem of Human Capital Burnout in the Public Service of Zimbabwe: A Case of Secondary School Teachers in Marondera District, Mashonaland East Province." IOSR Journal of Business and Management 19, no. 02 (March 2017): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/487x-19020399114.

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PERKINS, PHILIP D. "New species and new collection records of aquatic beetles in the genus Ochthebius Leach from southern Africa (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae)." Zootaxa 3093, no. 1 (November 8, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3093.1.1.

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The southern African species of the water beetle genus Ochthebius Leach, 1815, are reviewed. Eight new species are described, and new collection records are given for eight previously described species, based on the examination and databasing of 8,919 specimens from 253 localities/events. Male genitalia of the new species are illustrated, and high resolution habitus images of the holotypes of new species are provided. Distribution maps are given for the 18 species of Ochthebius now known from southern Africa, including Namibia, South Africa, Lesotho, Zimbabwe, the extreme southern part of Angola, and the southern part of Mozambique. New species of Ochthebius are: O. anchorus (South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal Province, Oribi Gorge); O. bicomicus (South Africa, Western Cape Province, 22 mi. N. Nelspoort); O. bupunctus (Namibia, Kaokoveld, Kunene River, Swartbooisdrift); O. endroedyi (South Africa, North West Province, Barberspan); O. granulinus (South Africa, Western Cape Province, Elandsdrift); O. involatus (South Africa, Western Cape Province, near Kommetje); O. sitiensis (Namibia, Okau Fountain, 12.5 km inland); and O. zulu (South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal Province, Nqutu).

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Goredema, N., T. Ndowora, R. Shoko, and E. Ngadze. "In vitro suppression of pathogenic fungi by Streptomyces spp." African Crop Science Journal 28, no. 2 (July 27, 2020): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v28i2.1.

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The use of living organisms or natural enemies of pathogens to control their populations is called biological disease control. It involves harnessing and introduction of exotic species of microorganism in a natural form, with the intention of controlling pathogens that may exist naturally in the same ecosystem. Prospects for biological control of Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium italicum were investigated using Streptomyces spp. isolated from Chinhoyi University of Technology Farm soils in Mashonaland West, Zimbabwe. Twenty seven Streptomyces spp were obtained from the soil, and screened for antimicrobial activity and antagonism in in vitro pathogen inhibition assays, replicated thrice. Although majority of the isolates tested elicited no effect on test pathogens, 22% of the Streptomyces isolates were able to effectively suppress A. flavus, F. oxysporum and P. italicum by at least 55%. There was a significant interaction between Streptomyces isolates and pathogen (A. flavus, F. oxysporum and P. italicum) (P<0.05) on fungal radial growth at days 7, 10 and 14 after pathogen-Streptomyces incubation. Antimicrobial potential against individual and multiple test pathogens was observed, with CUT-Streptomyces 4, CUT-Streptomyces 10, CUT-Streptomyces 11, CUT-Streptomyces 20 and CUT-Streptomyces 23 showing the greatest antimicrobial activity. CUT-Streptomyces isolates have the potential to suppress A. flavus, F. oxysporum and P. italicum in vitro. Key words: Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium italicum

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Stubbs, H. M., R. P. Hall, D. J. Hughes, and R. W. Nesbitt. "Evidence for a high Mg andesitic parental magma to the East and West satellite dykes of the Great Dyke, Zimbabwe: a comparison with the continental tholeiitic Mashonaland sills." Journal of African Earth Sciences 28, no. 2 (February 1999): 325–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-5362(99)00007-x.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mashonaland West Province (Zimbabwe)'

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