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Academic literature on the topic 'Maskininlärning'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Maskininlärning"
Pettersson, Gustav, and John Almqvist. "Lavinprognoser och maskininlärning : Att prediktera lavinprognoser med maskininlärning och väderdata." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-387205.
Full textThis research project examines the feasibility of using machine learning to predict avalanche dangerby usingXGBoostand openly available weather data. Avalanche forecasts and meterological modelledweather data have been gathered for the six areas in Sweden where Naturvårdsverket throughlavin-prognoser.seissues avalanche forecasts. The avanlanche forecasts are collected fromlavinprognoser.seand the modelled weather data is collected from theMESANmodel, which is produced and providedby the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute. 40 machine learning models, in the form ofXGBoost, have been trained on this data set, with the goal of assessing the main aspects of an avalan-che forecast and the overall avalanche danger. The results show it is possible to predict the day to dayavalanche danger for the 2018/19 season inSödra Jämtlandsfjällenwith an accuracy of 71% and a MeanAverage Error of 0.256, by applying machine learning to the weather data for that region. The contribu-tion ofXGBoostin this context, is demonstrated by applying the simpler method ofLogistic Regressionon the data set and comparing the results. Thelogistic regressionperforms worse with an accuracy of56% and a Mean Average Error of 0.459. The contribution of this research is a proof of concept, showingfeasibility in predicting avalanche danger in Sweden, with the help of machine learning and weather data.
Ermakova, Natalia, and Alicia Bråtner. "Maskininlärning och kvantmekanik." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-255825.
Full textThis thesis aims to use machine learning to solve for the ground state energy of the quantum system corresponding to the particle in a box. A radial basis function (RBF) network is used with Gaussian functions as the variational wave function. The weights in the network are updated so that the energy expectation value is minimized, which is carried out by using the variational Monte Carlo (VMC) method. The method using machine learning succeeds in finding the ground state energy for the particle in a box. The method also works when a perturbation in the form of a linear potential is added to the infinite potential well.
Axelsson, Filip, and Marcus Jirwe. "Maskininlärning för kvantmekaniska problem." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-255698.
Full textIn this article we analyze whether machine learning can be used to help solve problemsin physics. This is examined by implementing an artificial neural network which is trainedto find the energy levels for the quantum harmonic oscillator with and without an externalelectric field. Radial basis functions were used to make the neural network. Monte Carlomethods were used for heavy calculations. The method was shown to work well in somecases but had problems for large electric fields. The problems that occured were that theconvergence became unstable, with leaps in the energy and that the system did not alwaysconverge to the right energy level.
L, Thunberg Christian, and Niklas Mannerskog. "Stochastic Gradient Descent inom Maskininlärning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254799.
Full textSome tasks, like recognizing digits and spoken words, are simple for humans to complete yet hard to solve for computer programs. For instance the human intuition behind recognizing the number eight, ''\textit{8}'', is to identify two loops on top of each other and it turns out this is not easy to represent as an algorithm. With machine learning one can tackle the problem in a new, easier, way where the computer program learns to recognize patterns and make conclusions from them. In this bachelor thesis a digit recognizing program is implemented and the parameters of the stochastic gradient descent optimizing algorithm are analyzed based on how their effect on the computation speed and accuracy. These parameters being the learning rate $\Delta t$ and batch size $N$. The implemented digit recognizing program yielded an accuracy of around $95$ \% when tested and the time per iteration stayed constant during the training session and increased linearly with batch size. Low learning rates yielded a slower rate of convergence while larger ones yielded faster but more unstable convergence. Larger batch sizes also improved the convergence but at the cost of more computational power.
Vestberg, Albin. "Modellering av åsiktsdynamik med maskininlärning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-255690.
Full textOpinion dynamics is about how opinions of people, also called agents, in a group changes in time. The aim of this report was to find out if it is possible to use machine learning with artificial neural networks to, from a given initial condition, compute the opinion dynamics for the agents in the group. Thousands of random initial conditions were generated and the dynamics were calculated using a model from R. Hegselmann and U. Krause. The solutions were then used as data to train artificial neural networks. When the trained neural networks were used on new initial conditions it was found that these could, with varying results depending on the method and number of agents, recreate the opinion dynamics and give answers that were close to the real solutions. The number of agents used were between two and ten. The best results were obtained when groups with two agents were examined. When the number of agents increased the errors in the solutions with machine learning also increased, but the errors were still small enough so that the solutions can be considered as good recreations of the opinion dynamics.
Holmäng, Arvid, and Grothusen Axel von. "Intäktsestimering med hjälp av Maskininlärning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-299340.
Full textThis work examines the possibility of estimating revenue for companies using machine learning. The data on which the models are based consists of points from the companies’ balance sheets and other public data. Since the research area is unexplored prior to this study, the main focus of this thesis is to explore which methods are most suitable for the task and which features in the dataset have the greatest impact on the models. In the study, the issue is investigated with the help of four different models; Random Forest regression, XGBoost, ordinary least squares method and Lasso. The models were evaluated with quantitative measures such as R2 score and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The algorithm and final model that performed best based on these measures were Random Forest regression with an average R2 score of 0,8197 and MAPE score of 0.3864. This study concludes that ensemble methods such as XGBoost and Random Forest are probably more suitable to use for this type of study compared to simpler regression models such as least squares method and Lasso. In conclusion, the models can contribute to the initial financial analysis of companies for which the income is unknown.
Dyremark, Johanna, and Caroline Mayer. "Bedömning av elevuppsatser genom maskininlärning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-262041.
Full textToday, a large amount of a teacher’s workload is comprised of essay scoring and there is a large variability between teachers’ gradings. This report aims to examine what accuracy can be acceived with an automated essay scoring system for Swedish. Three following machine learning models for classification are trained and tested with 5-fold cross-validation on essays from Swedish national tests: Linear Discriminant Analysis, K-Nearest Neighbour and Random Forest. Essays are classified based on 31 language structure related attributes such as token-based length measures, similarity to texts with different formal levels and use of grammar. The results show a maximal quadratic weighted kappa value of 0.4829 and a grading identical to expert’s assessment in 57.53% of all tests. These results were achieved by a model based on Linear Discriminant Analysis and showed higher inter-rater reliability with expert grading than a local teacher. Despite an ongoing digitilization within the Swedish educational system, there are a number of obstacles preventing a complete automization of essay scoring such as users’ attitude, ethical issues and the current techniques difficulties in understanding semantics. Nevertheless, a partial integration of automatic essay scoring has potential to effectively identify essays suitable for double grading which can increase the consistency of large-scale tests to a low cost.
Jansson, Christofer, and Sebastian Karlsson. "Maskininlärning inom bokförings- och faktureringssystem." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-66841.
Full textStudien har ett utformat syfte som handlar om att undersöka inom vilka ramar automatisering av processer inom bokförings- och faktureringssystem är möjligt med hjälp av maskininlärning, med anledning av att skapa en vägledning för när och var en implementation är relevant i systemen. För studien har en datainsamling utförts på ett företag som erbjuder bokförings- och faktureringssystem samt arbetar med maskininlärning för området. Hos verksamheten har intervjuer utförts för att fånga in relevant empiri som resultat. Aspekter som kategoriserats från insamlad data presenteras i möjligheter, implementering, etik och alternativa tillvägagångssätt. Tillsammans med litteraturstudier har kategorierna ur empirin analyserats och fyra ramar identifierats. Ramarna som identifierats är följande: konkurrenskraft, tekniska faktorer, kunskap och kompetens samt påverkan på yrkesgrupper.Varje ram innehåller information och exempel på faktorer som bör beaktas. Företag kan med hjälp av ramarna utreda viktiga aspekter gällande när och var en implementation av maskininlärning är möjlig och relevant i bokförings- och faktureringssystem.
Ogeborg, Marcus, and Vincent Widerberg. "Schemaläggning med hjälp av maskininlärning." Thesis, KTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-208936.
Full textThis study has been analyzing if machine learning could be useful to work-relatedscheduling. The analysis was based on predictions generated by prototypes usingbusiness calendars. The business calendars were collected from two service and installationcompanies in the Stockholm region. An analysis was conducted regardingif the application could be practically applied to devices such as a smartphone. Theanalysis was based on tests regarding the prototypes required time to perform theirtasks.Three prototypes were developed with algorithms that made them predictive. Density-based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN), Logistic Regressionand Weighted K-Nearest Neighbors (wKNN) were the implemented algorithms.DBSCAN was the best-performing algorithm according to the tests. However, a conclusioncould not be found concerning whether machine learning could be useful.The number of successful predictions did not exceed the number of available timeson concerned days, which was assumed as unsatisfying results. In addition, the prototypesneeded a significant amount of resources which could be a problem in practicaluse.
Fürsten, Cardell Joshua, and Maya Källström. "Maskininlärning inom digital marknadsföring : En studie om hur maskininlärning hjälper eller stjälper digitala marknadsföringsbyråer, och vilka faktorer som bör tas i beaktning vid användning av maskininlärning." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Medieteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-44948.
Full textProblem: Trots att AI-verktyg har kommit att underlätta samt påverka den digitala marknadsföringen på flertalet olika sätt, så finns det ett fortsatt behov för forskning kring hur AI kan underlätta marknadsföringsproblem samt hur användningen av AI-verktyg i marknadsföringssyfte kan underlättas för digitala marknadsföringsbyråer. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att påvisa hur och varför maskininlärning både hjälper och stjälper digitala marknadsföringsbyråer, samt vilka faktorer som digitala marknadsföringsbyråer behöver ta i beaktning om de avser att använda maskininlärning inom digital marknadsföring. Metod: Studien utgår från en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi, med ett induktivt tillvägagångssätt där sex genomförda semistrukturerade intervjuer utförts. Semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts för att skapa flexibilitet hos individen som blir intervjuad, och således kan nya insikter och tankar uppstå. Tematisk analys har använts som analysmetod för studien, där fokus legat på att identifiera mönster och teman. Slutsats: Maskininlärning hjälper digitala marknadsföringsbyråer inom digital marknadsföring med att effektivisera arbetsprocesser genom att bearbeta data och information, frigöra tid för anställda samt möjligheten att erhålla konkurrensfördelar. Maskininlärning stjälper digitala marknadsföringsbyråer inom digital marknadsföring genom att exkludera mänskliga deltagare inom arbetssystemet, minska förtroende för organisationen samt skapa obehag vid aktiv personalisering om det används oetiskt. Faktorer som bör tas i beaktning av digitala marknadsföringsbyråer om de avser att använda maskininlärning inom digital marknadsföring är att digitala marknadsföringsbyråer inte kan ersätta mänsklig interaktion, mänsklig integritet är viktigt i det mån att digitala marknadsföringsbyråer efterföljer lagar och regler, storleken av verksamheten avgör vilka prioriteringar som görs mellan att nyttja tidigare kunskap och ny teknologi, organisationer behöver vara transparenta och AI måste nyttjas genomgående i organisationen för att organisationen ska gynnas på lång sikt.