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Journal articles on the topic 'Mass media United States'
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Bixler-Márquez, Dennis J. "Spanish Mass Media in the United States." Language Problems and Language Planning 9, no. 2 (January 1, 1985): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.9.2.01bix.
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SUMARIO Medios másivos de difusión en espanol en los Estados Unidos: Implicaciones dialectales Este articulo explora la relation entre el uso y la preferencia de medios másivos de difusión en espanol por parte de la población chicana en Estados Unidos y su taza de asimiliación linguistica. Se presenta inicialmente el estado de los medios de difusión másivos en espanol en la nation. Después sigue un análisis del material existente sobre el uso y preferencia de los medios susodichos por parte del chicano. Se concluye lo siguiente: la sensibilidad de los medios másivos de difusión hacia el lenguaje y cultura chicana esta mejorando; los medios que cubren eventos locales y proveen information de carácter cultural son los que más han aumentado en numéro y circulation; el inglés y el espanol coexisten y compiten en los medios de difusión que rinden servicio a las comunidades chicanas; el espanol chicano desempena un roi pequeno pero vital para la creciente demanda de los medios de difusión en espanol; y finalmente, el espanol sigue en uso en las comunidades chicanas. Sin embargo, para medir adecuadamente la retención del espanol, se necesitan más investigaciones sobre su uso en diversas regiones y nivelés socioeconómicos. RESUMO Hispanaj amásmedioj en Usono: dialektaj implicoj Tiu ci artikolo esploras la rilaton inter la amásmedioj kaj la rapideco de lingva asimiligo de cikanoj. Unue oni prezentas la nunan staton de la hispanlingvaj amás-medioj en Usono. Sekvas trarigardo de esploroj pri la konservado de la hispana lingvo en rilato al amásmedia utiligo kaj prefero en cikanaj komunumoj. Oni konkludas jene: La kultura kaj lingva sentemo de la amásmedioj rilate cikanojn plibonigas; formoj de hispanlingvaj amásmedioj, kiuj plenumás lokajn informajn kaj kulturajn bezonojn, spertis plej rapidan kreskon; la anglalingvaj kaj hispanlingvaj amásmedioj kunekzistas kaj konkurencas en cikanaj komunumoj; la cikana hispana lingvo ludas malgrandan sed esencan rolon en la kreskanta sukceso de hispanlingvaj amásmedioj; kaj, fine, la hispana konservigas en cikanaj komunumoj, kvankam pliaj esploroj estas bezonataj koncerne la retenon de la hispana en diversaj formoj flanke de cikanoj en diversaj geografiaj kaj sociekonomiaj situoj.
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Squires, Sally. "Mass media and HIV epidemia in the United States." Acta Paediatrica 83, s400 (August 1994): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13346.x.
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Manuel, Peter. "Latin Music in the United States: Salsa and the Mass Media." Journal of Communication 41, no. 1 (March 1, 1991): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1991.tb02295.x.
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Mihailidis, Paul. "Media Literacy in Journalism/Mass Communication Education: Can the United States Learn from Sweden?" Journalism & Mass Communication Educator 60, no. 4 (December 2005): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769580506000409.
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Exploratory studies were conducted in the United States and Sweden in the spring and autumn of 2004 to determine how faculty in journalism/mass communication programs acknowledged and conceptualized media literacy both as a teaching tool and educational concept. The Swedish participants' feedback was markedly different from U.S. academics' in terms of acknowledgement and conceptualization of media literacy. Conclusions drawn may help clarify media literacy's intentions as both a curricular benefit and new teaching tool for programs of journalism/mass communication/media in the United States. Comparisons also provide a base for future rigid exploration into this topic.
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Martha, Jessica, Adrianus Harsawaskita, Idil Syawfi, and Valeria Tania Margono. "ANALISIS FRAMING: PEMBERITAAN MEDIA MASSA MENGENAI KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI INDONESIA DALAM MENANGGAPI RIVALITAS AMERIKA SERIKAT DAN CHINA (2019-2022)." Jurnal Dinamika Global 7, no. 02 (December 15, 2022): 245–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.36859/jdg.v7i02.1070.
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In the second period of President Joko Widodo's government, Indonesia strengthened its cooperative relations with the United States and China through various agreements in the economy and other global issues. Indonesia's decision is influenced by many factors, both internal and external. According to Michael Brecher, in the process of foreign policy formulation, the mass media have a rol to convey and advocate for the general public regarding the government's stance towards certain issues. Through this research, the research team wanted to find out whether the mass media in Indonesia support Indonesia's foreign policy in responding to the rivalry between the United States and China? To answer this question, the research team used the foreign policy formulation system (Michael Brecher) and the framing analysis (Robert N. Entman). The study was carried out on 15 selected news stories from Kompas, The Jakarta Post, and Tempo. Based on the research conducted, the research team concludes that the news conveyed by the mass media in Indonesia shows their support for Indonesia's foreign policy, especially its neutral stance in the rivalry between the United States and China.
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Colussi, Joana, Steve Sonka, Gary D. Schnitkey, Eric L. Morgan, and Antônio D. Padula. "A Comparative Study of the Influence of Communication on the Adoption of Digital Agriculture in the United States and Brazil." Agriculture 14, no. 7 (June 28, 2024): 1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14071027.
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Digital agriculture has been developing rapidly over the past decade. However, studies have shown that the need for more ability to use these tools and the shortage of knowledge contribute to current farmer unease about digital technology. In response, this study investigated the influence of communication channels—mass media, social media, and interpersonal meetings—on farmers’ adoption, decision-making, and benefits obtained using technologies. The research uses data from 461 farmers in Brazil and 340 farmers in the United States, leaders in soybean production worldwide. The results show differences and similarities between these countries. LinkedIn has the highest positive association in Brazil between the communication channels and the digital agriculture technologies analyzed. In the United States, YouTube has the highest positive correlation. The overall influence of social media among Brazilian farmers is higher than among American farmers. The perceived benefits of using digital tools are more strongly associated with mass media communication in the United States than in Brazil. Regarding farm management decision-making, the study showed a higher relevance of interpersonal meetings in Brazil than in the United States. Findings can aid farmers, managers, academics and government decision makers to use communication channels more effectively in evaluating and adopting digital technologies.
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Chuang, Angie. "Representations of Foreign versus (Asian) American Identity in a Mass-Shooting Case." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 89, no. 2 (March 13, 2012): 244–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699012439179.
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Scholarship on media representations of Asian minority identity has established that historic constructions of the Other perpetuate a conflation of ethnic with foreign. Previous studies of Seung-Hui Cho and the 2007 Virginia Tech shootings concluded that though Cho was a South Korean national, news media overemphasized his foreign identity, despite his living in the United States most of his life. This study examines newspaper coverage of the 2009 mass shooting at an immigrant-services center in Binghamton, New York, and of perpetrator Jiverly Wong, who immigrated from Vietnam, had lived in the United States for two decades, and was a naturalized U.S. citizen.
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Polonskaya, Olesya Yur'evna. "Metaphorical modeling of migration: on the material of the U. S. mass media." Litera, no. 3 (March 2020): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2020.3.30050.
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This article is dedicated to examination of metaphorical peculiarities of representation of migration in the U. S. press. The object of this research is the metaphorical perception of migrants and migration in mass media language of the United States. The subject is the metaphorical models structuring the concept sphere of “migration” in mass media language of the United States. The goal of this work consists in analysis of the peculiarities of metaphorical modeling of migration in the U. S. political media discourse. The relevance is defined by insufficient coverage of metaphorical perception of the migration processes by modern mass media of the United States. The research is based on the cognitive approach, according to which metaphor is a fundamental phenomenon in perception of the surrounding environment. Study of the linguistic material and description of metaphorical model allowed determining the attitude towards migrants at the current stage of development of the U. S. society. The analysis of conceptual metaphors was conducted via continuous sampling from digital versions of the well-known newspapers “The New York Times”, “USA Today” and “The Wall Street Journal”. The author highlights the three main groups of metaphors: signifying natural phenomena and disasters; military; and goods-commodity.
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SHIRK, SUSAN L. "Changing Media, Changing Foreign Policy in China." Japanese Journal of Political Science 8, no. 1 (March 14, 2007): 43–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109907002472.
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China has undergone a media revolution that has transformed the domestic context for making foreign policy as well as domestic policy. The commercialization of the mass media has changed the way leaders and publics interact in the process of making foreign policy. As they compete with one another, the new media naturally try to appeal to the tastes of their potential audiences. Editors make choices about which stories to cover based on their judgments about which ones will resonate best with audiences. In China today, that means a lot of stories about Japan, Taiwan, and the United States, the topics that are the objects of Chinese popular nationalism. The publicity given these topics makes them domestic political issues because they are potential focal points for elite dis-agreement and mass collective action, and thereby constrains the way China' leaders and diplomats deal with them. Even relatively minor events involving China' relations with Japan, Taiwan, or the United States become big news, and therefore relations with these three governments must be carefully handled by the politicians in the Communist Party Politburo Standing Committee. Because of the Internet, it is impossible for Party censors to screen out news from Japan, Taiwan or the United States that might upset the public. Common knowledge of such news forces officials to react to every slight, no matter how small. Foreign policy makers feel especially constrained by nationalist public opinion when it comes to its diplomacy with Japan. Media marketization and the Internet have helped make Japan China' most emotionally charged international relationship.
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Faisol, Yufni, Syofyan Hadi, and Reflinaldi Reflinaldi. "Idiulūjiyyah wasāʼil al-iʽlām al-jamāhīriyyah al-Indūnisiyyah ʽibar al-internet fi naql akhbār aş-şirāʽ as-siyāsī fī asy-syarq al-awsaţ." Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage 10, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 137–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31291/hn.v10i1.604.
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This study aims to explore the forms of information reproduction in online mass media, with specific issues on Middle East conflicts. The present study adopts a qualitative descriptive model. The data were collected from the news reports on the Syrian conflicts by some leading online news platforms such as Republika, Kompas and Tempo. The data were taken from January to October 2018 and were analyzed using the qualitative analysis stages of the Miles and Huberman model. The research findings indicate that each mass media has differences in reproducing Middle East conflict information, in terms of their data source and point of view of news reporting. Republika tends to take the opposition's point of view to the Syrian government so that it puts the United States and its allies as its main subject. On the contrary, Kompas departed from the point of view of sympathy for the Syrian government and its allies, jeopardizing the United States and its allies in reporting. The third media, Tempo, takes the point of view of narrating events chronologically and focuses a lot on humanitarian issues in the news they deliver.
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Fekete, S., A. Schmidtke, Y. Takahashi, E. Etzersdorfer, M. Upanne, and P. Osvath. "Mass Media, Cultural Attitudes, and Suicide." Crisis 22, no. 4 (July 2001): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0227-5910.22.4.170.
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Summary: Many studies indicate that the suicidal behavior in a society is affected by the suicide stories publicized. Cultural valuations appear in the way media present self-destruction. The reflection of sociocultural attitudes toward suicide can be observed and analyzed in these texts. In this research, reports about suicide (n = 2203) in the years from 1981 and 1991 taken from daily newspapers were gathered—three central and regional papers in each country. A content analysis was performed of the suicide reports in Hungary (n = 244), Japan (n = 684), the United States (n = 265), Germany (former West n = 458, former East n = 60), Austria (n = 405), and Finland (n = 87), on the basis of the following variables: mentioning of the name, personal data, prominence of the suicidal person, qualification of the suicide, methods, motives, positive or negative consequences, alternatives, and the expression(s) used to refer to the act. After a coding process, an analysis was conducted as to whether any significant differences existed in the rate of the several characteristics in the countries from the point of view of the possible imitation-identification and of the cultural differences are the most important findings interpreted.[sentence is unclear]
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Kim, Younghan. "Representation of People of Asian Descent in Mainstream Mass Media within the United States." Multicultural Education Review 5, no. 2 (January 2013): 20–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2005615x.2013.11102901.
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Boykoff, Maxwell T. "From convergence to contention: United States mass media representations of anthropogenic climate change science." Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 32, no. 4 (October 2007): 477–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5661.2007.00270.x.
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Kim, Younghan. "Representation of People of Asian Descent in Mainstream Mass Media within the United States." Multicultural Education Review 5, no. 2 (September 30, 2013): 20–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14328/mer.2013.09.30.20.
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Loboda, Svitlana. "Media Reality of Modern Education: Historiography of the Problem of Media Literacy and Media Competence." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 10, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.10.3.98-107.
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The modern educational paradigm exists in media reality. Accordingly, the challenges and trends of the modern educational space are formed around the problem of media literacy and media competence. The aim of the study is to analyze the best educational practices of the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom in the sphere of media literacy and media competence in order to identify the innovative potential of modern reforms, understand and realize modern processes in education, and design its future.
The research is based on the analysis of contemporary scientific and pedagogical discourse around the issue of media literacy and media competence. The study of this issue is based on a comprehensive retrospective analysis of the works of scholars from the United States, as well as Canada, the United Kingdom. The author analyzes the historiography of this issue, which reflects different stages of its development, using a complex of historiographical and historical-comparative methods and approaches.
The results of the study made it possible to identify and describe the content, focus, specificity and factors of the development of the problem of media literacy and media competence as key components of the transformation processes of the modern educational paradigm and determine the value-content orientations of scientific and pedagogical discourse.
Based on the results of the analysis of the historiography of the problem, it is concluded that the theoretical basis of the problem of media literacy and media competence is made up of pedagogical, sociological, psychological and philosophical theories; the impact of media on the formation of the individual in particular and the community in general; research on information and information-psychological security of the individual; provisions on the influence of the mass media on the formation of personal qualities and behavior; provisions on the impact of informatization on the learning process; research on psychological protection of the individual in the information environment; research on the phenomenon of information culture; concepts of personal information culture development; general scientific provisions of the theory and history of the periodical press and its influence on the formation of consciousness; a provision on the need to enrich pedagogical experience by combining the best examples of pedagogical theory and practice from different countries in order to preserve universal values, ideals and individual rights.
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Brewer, Britton W., Judy L. Van Raalte, Albert J. Petitpas, Alan D. Bachman, and Robert A. Weinhold. "Newspaper Portrayals of Sport Psychology in the United States, 1985-1993." Sport Psychologist 12, no. 1 (March 1998): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.12.1.89.
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To assess the way in which sport psychology is portrayed in the media, the content and tone of all articles (N = 574) from three national newspapers in the United States that mentioned sport psychology from 1985-1993 were examined. Although few articles were focused primarily on sport psychology, a wide variety of sports and professionals were identified in association with sport psychology. Interventions noted explicitly were predominantly cognitive-behavioral procedures. Performance enhancement was the primary purpose of sport psychology consultation described in the articles. The vast majority of articles were neutral in tone toward sport psychology, portraying the field in objective terms. The findings suggest that the mass media can be used to promote accurate perceptions of sport psychology to the public.
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Nerents, Daria Valer'evna. "Monopolization and commercialization as the characteristic features of the modern media system in the Russian Federation and the United States." Litera, no. 10 (October 2021): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2021.10.36628.
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In the conditions of market economy, special role is played by mass media, since they represent not only a platform for promoting any category of goods and services (permitted by the country’s legislation), but also are the key channel for advertising consumer goods manufactured in any other economic sector. The current state of affairs led to the dominance of the segment of commercially oriented mass media in the modern media environment, which usually are part of the media holding and aim to benefit by any possible means, most of the time through publication of advertising materials. The subject of this article is the processes of commercialization and monopolization as the crucial factors that entailed the transformation processes in media environment, first in the United States, and later in the Russian Federation. The scientific novelty of this research consists in detailed description of the consequences of these processes, determination of the degree of influence of the global media market upon mass media of both countries, and outlining further trends in the development of journalism under such conditions. The conclusion is drawn that the lofty aims of serving public interests, creating objective and independent content, and providing adequate coverage of the events fully depend on the media owners. Therefore, open competition, wide range of offers on the market, and variety of media choices in essence are the nonexistent phenomena, namely die to commercialization and monopolization processes that characterize modern Russian and US mass media.
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Kurnia, Tititri Ari, and Rama Kertamukti. "Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Isu Rasisme Kematian George Floyd di CNNIndonesia.com Periode 28 Mei–29 Juni 2020." Calathu: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 4, no. 2 (January 20, 2023): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37715/calathu.v4i2.3217.
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The mass media helps the community with one of its information demands. Information can be accessed by the public through mass communication channels like print, electronic, and online media. People from different nations can access information at a location that is hard to go to fast and easily using online media. similar to one of the circumstances of George Floyd's passing on May 25, 2020 in Minneapolis, United States. George Floyd is a very hot issue in a variety of internet media, including social media, because of how quickly and easily one may access online media. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how the online news source CNN Indonesia.com presents the story about the racism controversy surrounding the American death of George Floyd (28 May-29 June 2020). The theory of Media Reality Construction and Reporting is applied in this study. Purposive sampling was employed in this study along with Robert N. Entman's framing model analytical methodology. First, the study finding indicates that racism is still pervasive in America. Second, the Trump administration has not done the best job of maximizing support for eradicating racism in the United States. Third, racism still exists in Hollywood, the country's main film business.
Keywords: online media, the construct of media, framing, racism, Entman
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Kim, Henry Hyun-Do, and Kwangwoo Park. "Impact of Environmental Disaster Movies on Corporate Environmental and Financial Performance." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020559.
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Using a unique United States box office data set, we investigate the impact of environmental sentiment on corporate environmental and financial performance of the United States listed firms. The influence of mass media on public and investor sentiments is well documented in the existing literature. However, little is known about the effect of movies, although they may influence the public more than other mass media because people, regardless of age and gender, enjoy watching movies. Using the event study methodology and multivariable regression analysis, we show that the release of anthropogenic environmental disaster movie(s) creates environmental sentiment and influences corporate behaviors. Specifically, firms significantly increase their environmental performance in the subsequent year of strong environmental sentiment after the release of environmental movies. More importantly, the positive effect of corporate environmental performance on financial performance is stronger when the environmental sentiment is stronger.
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Kim, Hyun-Do, and Kwangwoo Park. "Impact of Environmental Disaster Movies on Corporate Environmental and Financial Performance." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020559.
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Using a unique United States box office data set, we investigate the impact of environmental sentiment on corporate environmental and financial performance of the United States listed firms. The influence of mass media on public and investor sentiments is well documented in the existing literature. However, little is known about the effect of movies, although they may influence the public more than other mass media because people, regardless of age and gender, enjoy watching movies. Using the event study methodology and multivariable regression analysis, we show that the release of anthropogenic environmental disaster movie(s) creates environmental sentiment and influences corporate behaviors. Specifically, firms significantly increase their environmental performance in the subsequent year of strong environmental sentiment after the release of environmental movies. More importantly, the positive effect of corporate environmental performance on financial performance is stronger when the environmental sentiment is stronger.
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Phillips, Brenda D. "The Media in Disaster Threat Situations: Some Possible Relationships between Mass Media Reporting and Voluntarism." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 4, no. 3 (November 1986): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072708600400302.
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This research looks at possible relationships between mass media reporting and voluntarism in disaster-threat situations. The setting is a small mid-western city in the United States which was inundated by flood waters in March 1982. Data were collected through interviews with volunteers, organizational and public officials, and the media. Additionally, numerous documents pertaining to the media and volunteers are content analyzed. Observations made on-site supplement the interviews and documents. The media are found to have some effect in accordance with the suggestions of dependency theory. The media are also found to have been one of several instigators of increased voluntarism. Conflict arising out of media depiction of the volunteer effort is discussed. Further research on media effects of voluntarism in disaster situations is suggested.
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KASRADZE, Lika. "Bias of American Media Amid the Bipolar Political Circumstances." Journal in Humanities 8, no. 2 (May 7, 2020): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31578/hum.v8i2.407.
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The author of this Journal article discusses existing political polarization between Republicans and Democrats in the United States and reviews the negative effects of existing political and ideological division on mass media in the country. In the article there is discussed the challenges mainstream American media corporations face today and the author suggests the solution for outstanding problems.Keywords: CNN, Democrats, mainstream media, Media, politics, pro-liberal, pro-Trumpist, Republicans, social media, Trump
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Bukar, Modu Alh Bukar, Mohammed Kaka, and Mai Dunoma Zannah. "Press freedom and media ownership are factors that influence media performance: comparative analysis of these factors in USA and Nigeria." Technium Social Sciences Journal 1 (December 1, 2019): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v1i1.31.
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The paper is to examine the influence of press freedom and media ownership in the performance of the media institutions in the United States of America and Federal Republic of Nigeria. However, in order to set for such discourse there is indispensable need to review some of the normative theories of the media, which will enable us to locate the appropriate principles guiding the operation of the media in each countries under study. The subdivided into: Abstract, Introduction, Normative Theories of the press, press freedom in United States, press freedom in Nigeria (democracy and press freedom, freedom of information act and conclusion). The analysis concludes that, The United States even has provision in their law and constitution forbidding state interference in the area of information content and dissemination. In Nigeria however, the state control society including the mass media. In this regard, whether media are owned by public or private individuals, they are only meant to service the government in power and were forbidden to criticize the government or its functionaries. The paper recommends that, For Nigerian press to be free the country should militate the all laws or factors that against the press freedom and Members of the Nigerian press must adhere to the ethics of the profession, in order to compete with others freers press of the other countries.
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Sewell, Michael. "Invasion of Privacy in Texas: Public Disclosure of Embarrassing Private Facts." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 2, no. 2 (October 1995): 411–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v2.i2.8.
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Although invasion of privacy tort law has existed for more than a century in the United States,1 in Texas, this area of the law is in its infancy, tracing back only a quarter century.2 The purpose of this comment is three-fold: (1) to illustrate the origins of the four modern torts constituting invasion of privacy; (2) to examine public disclosure of embarrassing private facts ("private-facts tort"); and (3) to argue for revising the Texas private-facts tort in order to resolve its current conflict with the rights to free speech and free press. This discussion centers on recent mass media cases that conflict with the First Amendment.' Although the mass media does not have legal rights superior to any person, partnership, or corporation, this comment assumes protecting mass media interests serves to safeguard all First Amendment interests. Part I of this comment traces the origins of invasion of privacy in the United States and explores available defenses. Part II traces invasion of privacy in Texas with specific emphasis on the private-facts tort. Part III offers suggestions to Texas courts regarding invasion of privacy as it continues to evolve in Texas.
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Evanytha, Rustono Farady Marta, Hana Panggabean, and Mercedes Amanda. "Stigma Sosial Pengangguran di Media Daring Amerika Serikat pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19." Jurnal Komunikasi 16, no. 2 (April 25, 2022): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/komunikasi.vol16.iss2.art5.
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The social stigma of unemployment during the COVID-19 pandemic related to problems of marginalization. This study explores the construction of the meaning of the social stigma of unemployment in United States online media. This study is a comparative study to compare the construction of the meaning of social stigma between online media usa.today and nbcwashington.com with Entman's framing analysis. The problem formulated through framing is that social stigma makes it difficult for unemployed people to get a job, and stigma creates feelings of inferiority. The cause of the social stigma is the perception of low personal qualities and stigma consciousness. Framing moral judgment is a negative perception in employers' minds and the feeling of shame due to unemployment. Countermeasure suggestion is a wide distribution of vaccines and suggestions about ways to find work. Online media can contribute as agents of change through news framing to improve public perceptions and provide informational support.
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Boyd, Peter, and James Molyneux. "Assessing the contagiousness of mass shootings with nonparametric Hawkes processes." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): e0248437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248437.
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Gun violence and mass shootings are high-profile epidemiological issues facing the United States with questions regarding their contagiousness gaining prevalence in news media. Through the use of nonparametric Hawkes processes, we examine the evidence for the existence of contagiousness within a catalog of mass shootings and highlight the broader benefits of using such nonparametric point process models in modeling the occurrence of such events.
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Grewal, Mandeep. "Mass Media and the Reconfiguration of Gender Identities: The Bharatiya Nari in the United States." Gender, Technology and Development 7, no. 1 (March 2003): 53–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097185240300700103.
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Grewal, Mandeep. "Mass Media and the Reconfiguration of Gender Identities: The Bharatiya Nari in the United States." Gender, Technology and Development 7, no. 1 (January 2003): 53–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09718524.2003.11910068.
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Mancini, By Paolo. "The Legitimacy Gap: A Problem of Mass Media Research in Europe and the United States." Journal of Communication 43, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01281.x.
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Hendrix, George Julian. "The roles of social media in 21st century populisms: US Presidential campaigns." Teknokultura 16, no. 1 (April 13, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/tekn.63098.
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In the United States, “populist” is a controversial and often misunderstood signifier in common discourse. In addition, the current state of mass media and introduction of social networking tools has created a hyper-partisan spectacle of politics – especially during presidential campaign seasons. Through the review of literature on populism, traditional and social media, and presidential campaigning in the United States, this article constructs a new view on the relationship between these three topics in the 21st century. Important steps in this article’s process include defining populism and its place within campaigning and media; presenting social media as a political tool and a dynamic personalized informer; and analyzing the US presidential elections since 2008. Resultantly, because the trends of online activity, on the part of both the citizen and the candidate, impact social media users’ self-informing and political engagement, the process of selecting a new US president has become more susceptible to various populist practices in this century than before.
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Beard, David. "Rethinking the three origin stories for communication studies in North America." Explorations in Media Ecology 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/eme_00191_7.
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There are three origin stories for communication studies in North America: the Public Speaking tradition in the United States, the Mass Communication tradition in the United States, and the Media Ecology tradition rooted in Canadian scholarship. In this Probe, I want to talk about the three traditions, as I understand them. Then, I want to talk about some experiences surveying residents of rural Lake and Cook counties in Northeastern Minnesota about internet access. Those experiences pushed me to rethink the importance of the third, Canadian tradition of communication studies. This third tradition emphasizes the importance of the materiality of communication, and it is the tradition embraced by media ecology, and I think it asks questions that every communication scholar should think about.
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Grafton, Lane J. "Smartphone distraction en masse in Mass." Explorations in Media Ecology 22, no. 4 (December 1, 2023): 421–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/eme_00181_1.
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In light of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops’ 2021 decision to approve the use of a smartphone missal app, this article considers the effects of this new medium on Catholic worship. Relative to its long-standing predecessor – the paper-based missal – the new medium deserves analysis. As a faithful Catholic and media scholar, Marshall McLuhan is a fitting guide. McLuhan’s transformation theory reveals the fullness of communication by attending to the medium of communication and its transformation of persons and culture. McLuhan’s ideas on perception and media affirm current brain research on the effect of the smartphone – distraction. In contrast, research shows that a print-based medium fosters the opposite cognitive state – attentiveness. In the final analysis, this article reveals the essence of a distractive versus attentive medium in the context of Catholic worship.
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Novitasafitri, Farah Praweswari, and Anna Yulia Hartati. "Diplomasi Budaya Amerika Serikat Melalui Musik Pop Di Indonesia (Studi Kasus Fenomena Michael Jackson Di Indonesia)." Kajian Hubungan Internasional 1, no. 1 (October 22, 2022): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/khi.2021.1.1.6451.
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Cultural diplomacy is one of the diplomacy that has a long span of time in its application. Cultural diplomacy through pop music is one way that can be used by the United States in introducing their culture to Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to describe how the United States Cultural Diplomacy Through Pop Music in Indonesia (Case study: Michael Jackson phenomenon in Indonesia). Cultural diplomacy is not only through Michael Jackson's pop music, but also diplomacy through Michael Jackson's fan club to diplomacy through the mass media. This study used qualitative research methods. Where the data sources are obtained from books, news, and previous reports. The result is that cultural diplomacy through the music industry, especially pop music, can create a two-way connection between Indonesia and America, the people of each country also know their respective cultures and cultural diplomacy through the music industry has a long range of operations. Diplomacy through Michael Jackson's fan club also has a big influence on cultural diplomacy because through this fan club social and cultural interactions emerge from each fan. Diplomacy through the mass media is equally important because the mass media plays a major role in reporting Michael Jackson's music.
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Wilsford, David. "Le Département d’État : une administration d’étrangers ou une étrange administration ?" Revue française d'administration publique 69, no. 1 (1994): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1994.2775.
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The United States Department of State A Government of Strangers or a Strange Government ? Within American government, the United States Department is typical of a fragmented ‘stateless’ bureaucracy. It shares a great deal of power with the Congress, interest groups and the mass media, and has seen its influence gradually eroded by the White House and the Department of Defense. Because other institutional actors are structurally very strong in the American political System, the American Department of State is correspondingly less powerful within its universe compared to its counterparts in most advanced industrial democracies. It is both a ‘government of strangers’ and a ‘strange government’. Nonetheless, as an actor on the international stage, the American Department of State is powerful because of the position of the United States on the geopolitical scene.
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Reis, Raul. "Uses of Mass Media for Adaptation Purposes: A Quantitative Study of Brazilian Immigrants in Los Angeles." Journal of Intercultural Communication 10, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v10i3.512.
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This research project used a survey to assess the impact of English- and Portuguese-language mass media on how Brazilian immigrants in the Los Angeles area adapt to their new environment. In addition to mass media use, the survey also took into account cultural preferences, language fluency, and demographics as possible predictors of cultural adaptation for Brazilian immigrants in a large and multicultural metropolitan area of the United States. Hypotheses were tested by using bivariate correlations to determine the relationships between the independent (language, media use, demographics) and dependent (cultural adaptation) variables. In addition, a discussion of intercultural communication and some characteristics of the Brazilian community are provided.
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Rees, Chris A., Lois K. Lee, Eric W. Fleegler, and Rebekah Mannix. "Mass School Shootings in the United States: A Novel Root Cause Analysis Using Lay Press Reports." Clinical Pediatrics 58, no. 13 (September 9, 2019): 1423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922819873650.
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School shootings comprise a small proportion of childhood deaths from firearms; however, these shootings receive a disproportionately large share of media attention. We conducted a root cause analysis of 2 recent school shootings in the United States using lay press reports. We reviewed 1760 and analyzed 282 articles from the 10 most trusted news sources. We identified 356 factors associated with the school shootings. Policy-level factors, including a paucity of adequate legislation controlling firearm purchase and ownership, were the most common contributing factors to school shootings. Mental illness was a commonly cited person-level factor, and access to firearms in the home and availability of large-capacity firearms were commonly cited environmental factors. Novel approaches, including root cause analyses using lay media, can identify factors contributing to mass shootings. The policy, person, and environmental factors associated with these school shootings should be addressed as part of a multipronged effort to prevent future mass shootings.
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Crandon, Paul A. "Book review of Handbook on Mass Media in the United States: The Industry and Its Audiences." Journal of Media Economics 11, no. 1 (January 1998): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327736me1101_7.
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Ratnasingam, Malini, and Lee Ellis. "Sex Differences in Mass Media Preferences Across Four Asian Countries." Journal of Media Psychology 23, no. 4 (January 2011): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000054.
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Background. Nearly all of the research on sex differences in mass media utilization has been based on samples from the United States and a few other Western countries. Aim. The present study examines sex differences in mass media utilization in four Asian countries (Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, and Singapore). Methods. College students self-reported the frequency with which they accessed the following five mass media outlets: television dramas, televised news and documentaries, music, newspapers and magazines, and the Internet. Results. Two significant sex differences were found when participants from the four countries were considered as a whole: Women watched television dramas more than did men; and in Japan, female students listened to music more than did their male counterparts. Limitations. A wider array of mass media outlets could have been explored. Conclusions. Findings were largely consistent with results from studies conducted elsewhere in the world, particularly regarding sex differences in television drama viewing. A neurohormonal evolutionary explanation is offered for the basic findings.
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Putri, Dewi Agha, and Hasan Sidik. "Responsibility to Protect dalam Kasus Genosida oleh ISIL terhadap Yazidi-Irak melalui Intervensi Militer Amerika Serikat." Jurnal ICMES 4, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 46–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35748/jurnalicmes.v4i1.65.
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Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan intervensi militer yang dilakukan oleh Amerika Serikat (AS) dalam menanggapi genosida yang dilakukan oleh Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) terhadap komunitas Yazidi di Irak. Peneliti menggunakan konsep Responsibility to Protect (R2P), yang merujuk pada laporan dari the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) u
This article aims to explain the military intervention carried out by the United States in response to the genocide carried out by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) against Yazidi community in Iraq. The researchers use the concept of Responsibility to Protect (R2P), which refers to a report from the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty to see the procedure for procuring military intervention in the R2P framework in detail. This article found that besides several collateral damages, military intervention carried out by the United States was following the procedures set out by the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty. The United States’ intervention was done by the Iraqi government's approval, which had previously requested assistance from the United States. This intervention can be seen as Iraqi collective self-defense as stated in Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations or intervention based on approval as stipulated in Article 20 of the Responsibility of States for International Wrongful Acts 2001. This research was conducted qualitatively using sources in the form of a variety of documents and mass media reports.
ntuk melihat prosedur intervensi militer dalam kerangka kerja R2P secara terperinci. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa meskipun telah terjadi sejumlah dampak sampingan (collateral damages), intervensi militer yang dilakukan oleh AS mengikuti prosedur yang ditetapkan oleh ICISS, antara lain, dilakukan AS atas persetujuan pemerintah Irak yang sebelumnya meminta bantuan dari AS. Intervensi ini dapat dilihat sebagai pertahanan diri kolektif Irak sebagaimana tercantum dalam Piagam Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Pasal 51 atau intervensi berdasarkan persetujuan sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 20 Responsibility of States for International Wrongful Acts tahun 2001. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan sumber-sumber berupa berbagai dokumen dan laporan media massa.
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Wood, Natalie T., and Caroline Lego Muñoz. "‘No Rules, Just Right’ or is it? The Role of Themed Restaurants as Cultural Ambassadors." Tourism and Hospitality Research 7, no. 3-4 (September 2007): 242–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.thr.6050047.
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After mass media, ethnic-themed restaurants are possibly the second most influential socialising agents of foreign cultures. Whereas the media often depicts foreign cultures in a stereotypical manner, the opportunity exists in the hospitality field to offer consumers a more detailed and accurate insight into a culture. Yet, is this what consumers really want? This paper addresses an important question: How do spaces of consumption affect the perception and representation of ‘authentic’ culture? To explore this, a four-stage, cross-cultural (ie Australia and United States) qualitative study was undertaken to examine the role the Outback Steakhouse chain of restaurants plays in representing Australian culture in the United States. Findings revealed that US subjects were more accepting of the restaurant environment where it matched the images of Australia perpetuated by the media. By contrast, Australian subjects indicated that the image this restaurant provides is a largely stereotypical, outdated, inaccurate representation of their culture. Research implications and recommendations from a marketing, hospitality, and tourism perspective are provided.
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Vitols, Maruta Z., and Caitrin Lynch. "Back in the Saddle Again: Ethics, Visibility, and Aging on Screen." Anthropology & Aging 36, no. 1 (May 22, 2015): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/aa.2015.85.
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This paper engages with filmic portrayals of older adults in the U.S. in order to ask questions about the impacts of mass media on reproducing, critiquing, or interrogating mainstream values and assumptions about aging. The study considers the recent Hollywood works The Expendables (2010) and R.E.D. (2010), as well as the independent documentary Young@Heart (2007). We forefront questions of visibility, invisibility, and recognition both in terms of what experiences and realities are rendered visible or invisible by mass media, but also in terms of the subjective experiences of many older adults in the United States.
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Samarin, Yaroslav. "THE DISCOURSE OF PATRIOTISM IN MODERN AMERICAN MASS CULTURE: THE CASE OF “WATCHMEN” TV SERIES." Political Expertise: POLITEX 17, no. 1 (2021): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2021.103.
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This article examines the role of popular culture products as a factor in changing the concept of patriotism in the United States. The discourse of patriotism is formed through a “sum” of images including an assessment of the political system, values and national history. According to American sociologist Jeffrey Alexander, “gaining power depends on the outcome of struggles for symbolic domination in the civil sphere”. The exacerbation in the last decade of problems related to race, gender and social justice led to a split in society and created the demand for a critical revision of the history of the United States, and as result the revision of the concept of patriotism. Nowadays, more and more graphic novels and media-shows based on patriotism are focusing on issues of social justice, and play an important role in the “culture wars” in the United States. An example of this is the popular series “Watchmen”, which has received various influential awards. Through the plot about superheroes, its authors construct a new narrative of civic patriotism. This narrative assumes that the racial issue has been a key factor in US history and that the country was founded on the principles of intolerance and oppression. In addition, it is suggested that the political system, in turn, is only formally democratic and the founding fathers created a state that is prone to authoritarianism and suppression, regardless of which political party is in power. Therefore, radical reforms are required for the United States to become a truly democratic and inclusive country.
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Alcalay, Rina, Fabio Sabogal, Gerardo Marin, Eliseo Perez-Stable, Barbara Van Oss Marin, and Regina Otero-Sabogal. "Patterns of Mass Media Use among Hispanic Smokers: Implications for Community Interventions." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 8, no. 4 (January 1988): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/cdhp-b1aq-e9xl-t50v.
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A relatively large percentage of Hispanics in the United States smoke. Yet a large proportion of Hispanics are light smokers, smoking ten or fewer cigarettes per day. Previous research has shown that most light smokers quit smoking on their own and that health education and an environment conducive to non-smoking can have a significant impact in reducing smoking rates. Given the current smoking patterns of Hispanics, culturally appropriate media-based community intervention to promote smoking cessation can have a significant impact. This study identified patterns of media use and language preference among a sample of 263 Hispanic smokers from the San Francisco Bay Area. Based on this study, recommendations to reach Hispanic smokers with a series of communication strategies are suggested.
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Chen, Feng. "Performing race and remaking identity: Chinese visual artists in New York during the COVID-19 pandemic." Journal of Contemporary Chinese Art 9, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 201–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jcca_00062_1.
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The mass shooting in Atlanta that killed eight people including six Asian women in March 2021 marked the new peak of the unceasing waves of anti-Asian violence since the outbreak of COVID-19 in the United States. In this context, this article examines how a group of Chinese visual artists in New York perform and remake their Asian identity on social media in response to a surge in hatred towards and violence against Asians in the United States following the outbreak of COVID-19. Based on my analysis of their visual rhetoric and media activism, I identify three approaches that this group of Chinese visual artists use to perform and remake their Asian identity. First, they performed their Asian identity by developing various visual rhetorics to combat and denounce anti-Asian discourse and hate crime. Second, their Asian identity emerged when they created new visual rhetoric to reimagine what it meant to be Asian in the United States. The new visual rhetoric enriched the understanding of Asian-ness and diversified the experiences of being Asian in the United States by overtly or subtly challenging Asian stereotypes as a product of the western imagination. Lastly, they claimed their Asian identity through seeking racial justice in a larger social context in collaboration with other racial minority groups.
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Koswara, Aang. "KOMUNIKASI KRISIS: ANALISIS UPAYA RESPON KRISIS TELUK MEKSIKO DARI PERSPEKTIF PUBLIC RELATIONS." EDUTECH 13, no. 1 (August 15, 2014): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/edutech.v13i1.3224.
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Abstract, crisis communication is a situation that may cause effects on the company's sustainability business operations; the treatment at every stage of the crisis will minimize the negative public reaction against the company. This paper reviews the crisis of BP Oil Company that had a leak in the Gulf of Mexico that resulted in the spill along the coast a few U.S. states that threaten ecosystems and marine life, tourism businesses and the livelihoods of fishermen population around the spill from the perspective of public relations. Communication crisis began when BP made a number of controversial statements to the public through the mass media which resulted negatives responses from the Government of the United States, communities around the spill, a shareholder in the stock, and environmental activists. BP responsed this negative public reaction is generated through a crisis communication in the form of lobbying to the Government of the United States and key stakeholders as well as the handling of campaign messages through social media networking and mass media.Keywords: Communication Disaster, Public Relations, Communication CrisisAbstrak, krisis komunikasi merupakan sebuah situasi yang dapat menimbulkan efekberkelanjutan operasional bisnis perusahaan pada masa yang akan datang, perlakuan dalamtiap tahapan krisis akan membantu meminimalisir reaksi negatif publik terhadapperusahaan. Tulisan ini memaparkan tinjauan krisis dari perspektif public relations terhadapperusahaan minyak BP yang mengalami kebocoran di Teluk Meksiko yang mengakibatkantumpahan di sepanjang pesisir pantai beberapa negara bagian Amerika Serikat yangmengancam ekosistem dan biota laut, bisnis pariwisata, dan mata pencaharian nelayanpenduduk sekitar tumpahan. Krisis komunikasi BP dimulai ketika sejumlah pernyataankontroversial disampaikan kepada publik melalui sejumlah media massa yangmengakibatkan reaksi negatif dari Pemerintah Amerika Serikat, komunitas sekitartumpahan, pemegang saham di bursa, dan aktivis lingkungan. Respon BP terhadap reaksinegatif publik tersebut dimunculkan melalui komunikasi krisis dalam bentuk upaya lobikepada Pemerintah Amerika Serikat dan pemegang saham kunci serta kampanye pesanpenanganan melalui jejaring media sosial dan media massa.Kata Kunci : Bencana Komunikasi, Public Relations, Komunikasi Krisis
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Riedlinger, Dillon, and Jillian Wisniewski. "Understanding Mass Killing in America: A System Dynamics Approach." Industrial and Systems Engineering Review 6, no. 2 (March 7, 2019): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37266/iser.2018v6i2.pp118-125.
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This study explores the replication effect of mass killings across the United States. Often news outlets sensationalize emotional stories, such as mass killings, because they increase readership. Increased readership perpetuates the spread of the ideation to commit a mass killing through imitation, with each new incident having the possibility to spark several more throughout the country through increased exposure. This study places greatest focus on the imitation and does not analyze feedback mechanisms that affect other influences of violence. System dynamics modeling provides the framework for examining imitation incidents as an effect of increased exposure via the media.
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Yanhua, Zhang, and Li Weina. "Critical Discourse Analysis on China’s Image in Climate Coverage by Mainstream US Media." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 8, no. 6 (2023): 064–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.86.10.
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In the trend of information globalization, mass media is not only an authoritative source of information but also a participant and executor of international affairs. News reporting is the most influential and authoritative form of media, shaping people’s cognition and attitudes while conveying information. Therefore, using news reports to build a national image has become an essential strategy for the government of a country. At the same time, an excellent national image is essential for improving a country’s global discourse power. Therefore, this paper uses discourse-historical analysis as a theoretical framework to analyze the China-related climate reports of mainstream media in the United States from 2015 to 2023 and explores the diachronic changes and reasons for the image of China in mainstream media reports in the United States. In this study, a combined approach of quantitative and qualitative methods is employed, with a particular emphasis on data-driven corpus research methods. The study found that mainstream US media’s climate reporting on China mainly focuses on China’s climate responsibility, renewable energy, and inter-country relations in climate governance. Through the analysis of the predication strategy, argumentation strategy, and intensification strategy, it is found that the media’s stance has gone through a period of neutrality from 2015 to 2017, increased hostile rhetoric from 2018 to 2019, and continued to worsen from 2020 to 2023. The media’s stance is mainly related to the changes in climate policies in the United States at different phases.
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Navarro, Enaidy Reynosa, Margit Julia Guerra-Ayala, Walther Hernán Casimiro-Urcos, Dolores Vélez-Jiménez, Nora Consuelo Casimiro-Urcos, Erick Oswaldo Salazar-Montoya, Javier Francisco Casimiro-Urcos, and Juan Carlos Callejas Torres. "Relevance of the mass media in Prevention, Education and Contextual Management of COVID-19." World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues 13, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/wjet.v13i1.5423.
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The purpose of this research was to determine the relevance of the media in the prevention, education and contextual management of COVID-19. Methodology: descriptive non-experimental transectional research. An international survey validated by experts was applied, surveying 1082 people during a month. The countries with the highest participation were Peru, Colombia, Mexico, the United States and Russia. The data was processed using SPSS version 25. 64.7% of the respondents affirmed that the means were decisive in preventing the pandemic; 59.1% recognized the importance of the media for awareness and prevention of the pandemic, and 64% valued the importance of the media for the contextual management of the pandemic; demonstrating a significant relationship between the variables. Contributions: the need for strategic, prudent, ethical and socially responsible communication that benefits citizens in a pandemic situation is highlighted.
Keywords: Mass media; communication; electronic media; social networks; education; prevention
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Spencer, Callie, and Jeff Rose. "The Democratizing Potential of an Online Leisure Space." International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking 4, no. 3 (July 2012): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jvcsn.2012070103.
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Critical theorists have long examined cultural processes and their often deleterious effects on social and political movements. Using Kracauer’s mass ornament and Bourdieu’s construct of habitus, this study empirically investigates political participation and e-mobilization of civil society in the United States’ “democratic” regime. Through examining the popular social media application, Facebook, the authors sought to understand political participation and responses to a series of sociopolitical events over one month. Analyses explored the nature of the Facebook posts, evidence for various power inequalities, and the nature of political spaces created by Facebook users. Despite Facebook’s potential to be a social leveler and organizational tool for Hardt and Negri’s multitude, the authors’ analyses left them less than hopeful about the mobilizing potential of Facebook use in the United States. They outline cultural constraints inhibiting such political participation and point toward the possibilities of a more socially and politically active social media landscape.
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Al Wekhian, Jamil. "Acculturation Process of Arab-Muslim Immigrants in the United States." Asian Culture and History 8, no. 1 (November 2, 2015): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ach.v8n1p89.
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<p class="1Body">While globalization has made this world smaller, interdependent, and heterogeneous, clashes among different cultures became inevitable. Immigrants leave their home country for many reasons, by choice or necessity. The U.S. is considered one of the countries that enjoys its cultural diversity. In the case of Arab-Muslim immigrants, they came to the U.S. either seeking a better life, or fleeing prosecution. They come from completely different culture, language, and religion. This move makes them prone to experience one or more challenges: assimilation, integration, separation, or marginalization. Since assimilation is very hard to achieve, integration is the ideal choice for which scholars aspier. This paper investigates the acculturation process of Arab-Muslim immigrants in the U.S. Results showed a variety of potential barriers exist hindering Arab-Muslim immigrants from successful integration into the United States society. Cultural and religious differences, distinctions in moral and ethical values, perception of gender relations, demonization of the Arab population in mass media, and discrimination are the major factors causing the overall struggles of the acculturation process.</p>