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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mass shooting'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 January 2023

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1

Hamlett, Laura E. "Common Psycholinguistic Themes in Mass Murderer Manifestos." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3493.

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Mass murder in the United States is increasing, yet understanding of mass murderers is still relatively limited. Many perpetrators compose manifestos, which include journals, blogs, letters, videos, and other writings. Previous research has indicated that personal messages are of great social and psychological importance; however, there remains an important gap in the current literature regarding studies specific to these manifestos. As such, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to provide greater understanding of mass murderers' motives and mindsets through psycholinguistic

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2

Littleton, Heather, Julia Dodd, and Kelly Rudolph. "Psychosocial Functioning Within Shooting-Affected Communities: Individual and Community-Level Factors." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7327.

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Recent research following mass shooting events has examined those individuals directly affected by the violence and the impact of the shooting on the whole community. This chapter reviews literature regarding the prevalence of adjustment difficulties among individuals in mass‐shooting‐ affected communities. Emerging research supports that a number of individuals with less severe or even no direct exposure to a mass shooting event may experience adjustment difficulties, including anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and, further, that chronic adjustment diffic

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3

Forté, Beverly K. "Coping with Severe, Acute Psychological Trauma: the Killeen Shooting Incident." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278407/.

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The present study examined the relationship between coping and psychological and psychosomatic distress of 25 individuals who experienced the same severe, acute traumatic event: the violent shooting that killed 23 people and severely injured 20 more in Luby's Cafeteria in Killeen, Texas, on October 16, 1991. Distress was assessed by one-month pre-event and post-event scores on the SCL-90R, Psychosomatic Questionnaire, and by a Life Event Questionnaire score for the year before the incident. Coping was measured by a modified version of the Ways of Coping Scale (Folkman et al., 1986) and Respons

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Adams, Pam 1964. "Post-Traumatic Symptomatology in the Luby's Shooting." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500589/.

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The role of exposure to a human-made disaster and the subsequent development of post-traumatic stress reactions were examined. Subjects included 49 males and 30 females who were variously exposed to the Luby's shooting incident in Killeen, Texas in October of 1991. Post-traumatic stress symptomatology was measured by the SCL-90R. Exposure was operationalized by using a scenario-rating scheme with independent raters estimating each subject's level of exposure. A regression and commonality analysis revealed that exposure is an important predictor in post-traumatic symptomatology. Premorbid funct

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Farr, Jason. "Hosptial Preparedness for an Internal Mass Casualty Event." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3644.

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The purpose of this study was to determine hospital preparedness for an internal mass casualty/active shooter event at Tennessee hospitals. Data were collected during May of 2019 by surveying the CEOs of the 86 acute care hospitals in Tennessee. The survey solicited responses about training, preparedness, and internal evaluation of procedures. CEOs of 28 (32.5%) of Tennessee’s acute care hospitals responded to the survey. Just over half (53.6%) of those responding indicated that they believed their facility was prepared or well prepared for an active shooter event. The mean responses of CEOs w

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Malm, Linnea, and Dino Skodo. "THE FINAL VICTIM : Do mass shooters who commit suicide differ from those who do not?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-60710.

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Many mass-shooters commit suicide. Both mass shooting and suicide has been linked to Strain Theory. Studies have shown that workplace shootings often occur after the shooter has been fired. Studies have found that school shooters often have been exposed to bullying and social exclusion. Research on mass shooters who are terrorists has yielded conflicting results. The purpose of this study was to examine which types of mass shootings that end with the perpetrator committing suicide. The sample consisted of 345 cases from the United States, as well as some high profile cases from other countries

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7

Elsaesser, Carl. "Invisible artifacts: public impasses, filmic intimacies." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6100.

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This essay mirrors the structure found in my thesis film—a series of small vignettes—but does not emulate one for the other and vice versa. The essay is an experiment that seeks to allow rather than define and imagines a world already in place rather than built by the accumulation of reading and writing this text; the vignettes serve as a witness to this world rather than symbols building up a system of signs. I’m interested in expanding the conversation around political personhood towards a receptive stance; a politics of receptivity. This doesn’t serve as a counter to any narratives around a

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8

Swift, Philip Joshua. "Active Shooter Event Severity, Media Reporting, Offender Age and Location." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3326.

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Following the 1999 Columbine High School shooting, it was hypothesized that offenders used knowledge gained from news media reports about previous events to plan mass shootings. Although researchers have studied active shooter events, little research has been conducted on the factors that influence an active shooter's decision and ability to carry out such events. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the rate of news media reporting about an active shooter event and the casualty rate of the ensuing event in the United States. The bracketed time of this assessment

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9

Knox, Michael. "Crime Scene Behaviors of Rampage School Shooters: Developing Strategies for Planning, Response, and Investigation of Multiple-Victim Shooting Incidents on School Campuses." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cahss_jhs_etd/9.

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Despite their almost aberrational rarity, rampage school shootings have gained national attention to an extent that would make it seem that such events are a common occurrence. Many schools—along with hospitals, businesses, and other institutions—have adopted policies, implemented training, and conducted drills for responding to such incidents. In some cases, concern over school rampage shootings has led to bad policy implementations, particularly adoption of “zero tolerance” policies that punish the slightest infractions in hopes of thwarting potential attackers, but, rather than achieving th

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10

Stückemann, Elena. "Deadly Gun Violence : A Critical Discourse Analysis of Possible Ideological Influences on the Framing of a Mass Shooting." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40627.

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Statistics show that the number of mass shootings and involved fatalities have drastically increased over the last five years. The framing of these attacks in the mass media has a substantial impact on the public opinion on the causes of shootings, possible prevention methods and gun control in general. Following study aims to uncover potential ideological influences of political tendencies of liberal and conservative newspapers on the media coverage of the most recent mass shooting in the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida. A qualitative content analysis with a general

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11

Dunphy, Christopher. "Three Essays on the Economics of Firearms." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1560245504730798.

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Smathers, Heidi L. "Open Fire: A Portrait of Gun Control in U.S. and International Newspaper Articles after the 2011 Arizona Mass Shooting." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1443.

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This research sought to explore media framing theory, first introduced by Erving Goffman, which asserts that the media portray certain items in a way that affects awareness, salience and tone of those items. There has long been debate about media framing especially as it pertains to the framing of violent events. Mass shootings are of particular interest because of the graphic and often senseless nature of the crime. This study looked particularly at the 2011 Tucson, Arizona mass shooting. A content analysis of articles between February 7, 2010, and November 8, 2011, was conducted to explor

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Fellows, Jacqueline L. "Sources Say … He May Have Been Depressed and Angry: A Case Study and Content Analysis of Mental Illness Sources Used in Newspaper Coverage of Mass Shootings in 2015." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984270/.

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The increase of mass shootings in the U.S. has amplified news reporting on mental illness as a possible factor in the shootings despite no evidence linking the two issues. Sources used to explain mental illness in stories that explore the motivations of mass shooters affect audience perception. Through a qualitative content analysis of local newspaper coverage of five U.S. mass shootings in 2015, journalists linked mental illness as a possible motive through sources who were not qualified to treat or diagnose mental illness. Journalists also ignored professional guidance from the Associated Pr

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Galadari, Sara Abdullatif. "Framing Race and Blame in the Media: a Case Study on the Chapel Hill Shooting." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4251.

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This research examines how racism is hidden and denied by the press, and how blame is attributed to individuals in crime news stories. This research heavily relies of van Dijk's (2015) six discursive strategies to reveal how racism is hidden and denied in the press: positive self-presentation, denial and counter-attack, moral blackmail, subtle denials, mitigation, and defense and offense. Specifically, the Chapel Hill shooting is used as an example of a crime news story for my case study. This study will use framing as the primary method, and critical discourse analysis will be used to guide m

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Grier, Sean. "Gun-Free Zones: A Geographical Opinion Study on Attitudes Toward Gun-Free Zones and the Safety Impact on Residents." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cahss_jhs_etd/13.

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Gun violence is a pandemic problem in the United States, resulting in over two thirds of all homicides each year. Consequently, gun related policies have been fiercely debated within the political spectrum, with the 20th century seeing a dramatic increase in gun control legislation. Gun-free zones are designated areas that strictly prohibit all private citizens from carrying a firearm, even those with concealed weapon permits. The statistics indicate that numerous instances of gun related mass shootings have occurred within the confines of these gun-free zones (schools, movie theatres, governm

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Li, Xiu. "A Framing Comparison of the United States and Hong Kong: Individualism and Collectivism in the Coverage of the Newtown Mass Shooting." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1399387248.

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Iannuzzi, Victoria N. "School Shootings in the United States from 1997 to 2012: A Content Analysis of Media Coverage." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6866.

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This study is a content analysis of news articles of school shooting incidents that occurred within the United States between 1997 and 2012. This paper was designed to (a) address the current profile of school shooting offenders and offenses, (b) assess a proposed typology of school shootings, (c) consider common case processing characteristics for offenders of school shootings incidents, and (d) address the potential for offender and offense characteristics to affect the amount of media coverage an incident receives. The database of “Major School Shootings in the United States Since 1997” by

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Sands, Jennifer C. "Orlando’s Pulse: Diversity and Inclusion in Higher Education After a Tragedy." Scholarly Commons, 2018. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3139.

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The Pulse Nightclub Tragedy in Orlando shocked the nation, after a gunman who identified as being Muslim walked in to a gay nightclub and gunned down 49 people and injured 53 more. In addition to the LGBTQ+ community being targeted, the Latinx community had been targeted as well, considering it was Latin night. With many of those affected being of traditional college age, local colleges and universities took action to offer support. Focusing on the Pulse shooting, I explored the ways in which higher education institutions offered support after this tragedy occurred, while reviewing other tr

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Greensmith, Glynn. "An examination of media ethics and journalism pedagogy for news communicators: Theory and practice implications of a framing analysis of The Mercury (Tasmania)’s coverage of the Dunblane (March 1996) and Port Arthur (April 1996) mass shootings." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2021. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2444.

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Mass shootings have a birthday. After the murder of 16 people at the University of Texas on August 1, 1966, scholars from a range of disciplines have noted that the crime of random mass shootings went from an oddity, a rarity, to widespread. Inherent in the identification of a starting point is the way news media began to report the crime: what became known as the script for coverage. Random mass shootings, while still relatively rare, are getting worse, in body count and as horrific spectacles (Lankford & Silver, 2020). Yet journalism as a practice, and journalism as a field of scholarship, h

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20

Hristakopoulos, Michael. "On Obama Administration Gun Policy With Continual Reference To The Multiple Streams Model." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5793.

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The Multiple Streams model developed by John Kingdon (1995) and Nikolaos Zahariadis (2007) provides a valuable framework for understanding the nature of policy change. This investigation draws extensively upon the Multiple Streams framework in order to understand the development of gun-control policy initiatives under President Barack Obama. The investigation uses a case-study approach with in-depth analysis of four different mass-shooting events that took place in the United States between 2009 and 2012. Reconstruction of the shooting events and detailed parsing of the Obama administration

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Lane, Alexander M. "Mass Shootings and Gun Control: Obama’s Road to Reform." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/621.

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This work is intended to evaluate President Obama’s gun control policies by determining whether stricter federal gun control laws should apply within theUnited States. This paper examines whether setting legal standards at a national level would effectively reduce gun related violence and mass shootings on a local and state level. These include events such as Sandy Hook Elementary inNewton,Connecticut, the Virginia Polytechnic school shootings, and theAuroraTheatershooting inDenver,Colorado. Specifically, could executive orders proposed by the president, such as assault weapon bans, rigorous b

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Rock, Melissa Gonzalez. "The Effects of Gun-Free Zones and Mass Shootings." ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7977.

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There has been an increase in the number of mass school shootings even though there are policies in place such as the Gun-Free School Zone Act (GFSZA) to stop such crimes from occurring. Although there is a divide between supporters of these policies and those who want them revamped or removed, all want the same result: to end mass school shootings. The debate between those who wish to leave policies such as the GFSZA in place and those who seek to replace them with new policies that allow guns on campus for various personnel has strong advocates on both sides. The purpose of this qualitative

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Parker, Jazma Mekelle. "Law Enforcement Perception of Social Media as an Influence in Mass Shootings." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7891.

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Mass shootings have been a persistent issue in the United States, and the underlying factors that continue to influence this crime are not yet evident. This study explored the effects of social media as an influence on mass shootings in the United States. Its purpose was to address the role of social media in spreading opinionated ideologies. The research question addressed the role of social media in influencing the actions of perpetrators of mass shootings in the United States. The study framework was based on the social-ecological model to facilitate classification of the susceptibilities o

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Öster, Jessica Janina. "Guns and Clauses : On the epidemic of American mass shootings." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175483.

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The matter of mass shootings is a widely discussed topic all over the USA, and what is frequently given as a reason to the high number of mass shootings is the lack of background checks and the generally lax gun policies in the USA. But can mass shootings in the USA be impeded by controllaws and if so, how? What other possible ways of impeding mass shootings are there? What other possible ways to impede mass shootings are there? How does public opinion affect the possibility to adopt new gun restrictions in the USA? This thesis examines, using a path-dependent perspective, what role the Americ

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Scollione, James J. "Are We Sheep? An Examination of Victims Fighting and Fleeing in Mass Shootings." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1401493761.

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Polen, Matthew J. L. "Framing the Violence: How mainstream American newspapers and cable networks frame coverage of mass shootings." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1416751579.

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Rozo, Osuna Maria Jose. "Mass Shootings and Gun Sales: A Study on the Influence of Red and Blue Power." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7914.

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Mass shootings are one of the most discussed issues in American society. While it is evident who the main victims are, the impact of such an event reaches far beyond the lives that were directly impacted. One of the main effects mass shootings have been found to have is a spike in gun sales (Wallace, 2015; Studert et. al., 2017 ; Turchan et. al., 2017). This finding has been found time and time again by academic and non-academic researchers, and it is one of the most commonly believed ideas regarding the effects of mass shootings (Aish & Keller, 2016). The current study builds on previous rese

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Cowart, Brian Lamar. "Help-Seeking Behavior Following a Community Tragedy: An Application of the Andersen Model." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/24771.

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For healthcare agencies and other professionals to most efficiently provide aid following large scale community tragedies, agencies and professionals must understand the determinants that lead individuals to require and seek various forms of help. This study examined Andersen's Behavioral Model of Healthcare Use and its utility in predicting service use in a population of students at Virginia Tech following the shootings on April 16, 2007. Data were gathered from surveys given to students at Virginia Tech three months following the shootings and at a one year follow-up. Logistic regression was

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Van, Geem Stephen G. "Status and Slaughter: The Psyco-social Factors that Influence Public Mass Murder." DigitalCommons@USU, 2009. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/470.

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Even though public mass shootings are relatively rare, they represent an atypical form of violence that is both sudden and yields an unprecedented amount of carnage; for these reasons, an inordinate amount of scholarship has been produced in order to isolate both the causes and effects of these rampages. As there is no clear cut and universal cause, over the past forty years numerous factors have been offered to account for these types of shootings, including bullying, peer relations, family problems, cultural conflict, demographic change, mental illness, gun culture, copycatting, and the med

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Rosenbaum, Emily. "Does knowledge predict fear: prior knowledge of mass school shootings and students fear of crime on a college campus." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/907.

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On April 16, 2007, 32 students and faculty were killed on the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University campus, making this incident the deadliest mass school shooting in United States history. Other school shootings, such as the infamous Columbine High School shootings and the more recent Northern Illinois State shootings, have become popular topics in today's social media (Kaminski et al, 2010; Reese 2009). Due to these events, schools and universities have become interested in the safety of their students as well as the students overall feelings towards crime while on their campus

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Donlon, Katharine. "The Role of Social Support Seeking and Social Constraints on Psychological Outcomes After Trauma: A Social Cognitive Theory Perspective." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42688.

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Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) posits that survivors of a traumatic event have the ability to influence their own outcomes and do so most aptly when they perceive they can exert control over their outcomes. Posttraumatic growth outcomes are associated with a greater perception of controllability, while posttraumatic stress outcomes can be related to the lack of perceived control. In the context of the Virginia Tech shootings, several social factors were examined three months after the trauma (T1) and one year later (T2) to further explore the dynamic interplay between these factors and psychol

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Zetterqvist, Irina. "STRAIN, COPING AND VIOLENCE IN THE CASE OF ELLIOT RODGER : A QUALITATIVE CONTENT ANALYSIS." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för kriminologi (KR), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43664.

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Elliot Rodger, a 22-year-old student, carried out the Day of Retribution in Isla Vista, California, leaving six dead and fourteen wounded, before taking his own life. There here have been numerous attempts to explain his behavior including claims of him having features of autism spectrum disorder, traits of psychopathy and psychotic symptoms, narcissism, depression, fragile masculinity, and deviant sexual fantasies. This study examines the link between strain, coping and violence, based on General Strain Theory, using a qualitative content analysis of Elliot’s manifesto, My Twisted World: The

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Clifford, Zachary Lee. "Anthem." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1574675376205461.

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"Public Mass Shootings Impact on the Public’s Firearm Carrying Habits: Evidence of a Moral Panic." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.49230.

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abstract: Public mass shootings occur at a rate in the U.S. that is higher than any other developed country. These event initiate wide spread media attention. The media attention these events achieve have shown to impact the public behavior (e.g., increased firearm sales). However, the impact public mass shootings have on firearm storage and carry habits of the public is not well understood. Using data collected from the Transportation Security Administration, this study examines how mass shootings have led to moral panics occurring within the U.S. through the examination of the firearm carryi

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Song, S. Hoon. "The great pigeon massacre : the bestiary biopolitics whiteness in a deindustrializing America /." 2000. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9990594.

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Athle, Deepashree Ajit. "Shooting the messenger : ironic effects of imbalance in anti-drug messages from celebrities." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29550.

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It is as easy to imagine that celebrities featured in anti-drug commercials uniformly encourage all viewers to abstain from drugs, as it is to imagine that the more closely viewers watch these commercials, the more effective the messages will be. The current research reconsiders both assumptions. Highly anti-marijuana (state of balance) and highly pro-marijuana (state of imbalance) viewers were selected, and their processing style (central vs. peripheral) was manipulated as they watched commercials (with anti-marijuana messages from celebrities for whom all viewers previously reported high app

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Moreau, Emily. "Rethinking School Design to Promote Safety and Positivity." 2020. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/914.

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Since the 1999 massacre at Columbine High School in Colorado, there have been two-hundred and thirty more school shootings in the United States, not including those that have happened at colleges or universities[1]. This has been a major change that American school systems have been struggling to adapt to, especially since many of the schools were built in the 1950s and 1960s. In the wake of these recurring tragedies, there are strategies that can be followed to not only provide safer schools that will protect students, but also design with empathy in mind. This thesis will examine how archite

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Lee, Vivian. "Lessons to be learned from three mass casualty events - 2013 Boston Marathon Bombing, 2009 Aurora Movie Theatre Shooting, and 2005 Hurricane Katrina." Thesis, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/16191.

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Disaster preparedness is absolutely necessary as the number of both man-made and natural disasters increases worldwide. Not confined to any regions or people, disasters can result in mass casualties. The United States is not spared from these incidents. Ever since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the United States has tried to establish more effective and efficient emergency management systems at all levels in order to respond to any type of disaster. Due to the effort, much improvement in disaster preparedness was observed when mass casualty events happened within the last 10 years. Although there

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Dugal, Natasha. "La consommation d’alcool et de drogue chez les étudiants suite à la fusillade de Dawson en 2006 : une analyse différenciée selon le sexe." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5886.

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Objectifs : Étudier l’incidence de la dépendance à l’alcool ou aux drogues chez les étudiants exposés à la fusillade du Collège Dawson dans les 18 mois suivant celle-ci. Identifier les précurseurs au développement d’une dépendance à une substance psychoactive en tenant compte de la sévérité d’exposition à l’événement. Examiner si la consommation d’alcool 18 mois après les événements est en lien avec les différents groupes de symptômes d’état de stress post-traumatique. Méthode : La population à l’étude est composée de l’ensemble des étudiants du Collège Dawson au moment de l’événement. Les ana

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Čadek, Matěj. "České střelecké platformy a události masové střelby: analýza komunikačních rámců." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-437991.

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The primary goal of this diploma thesis is to analyze online and social media communication of the Czech gun-owner platforms. The online space is where these platforms are able to gather support for their cause and influence the mainstream opinion on firearms, use of guns and gun laws. This thesis presents a case study of online posts and articles of analyzed actors vis-à-vis European mass shooting incidents. Such events usually spark debates about stricter gun control which the Czech gun-owner platforms naturally oppose. The analysis is underpinned by the theory of framing and uses a methodol

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Oliveira, Rui Pedro Martins. "Numerical study of Earth-Mars trajectories with lunar gravity assist manoeuvres." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/8022.

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Um estudo numérico de trajectórias entre Terra e Marte com manobras de assistência gravitacional é realizado. Os métodos e modelos utilizados para alcançar esse objectivo são descritos e seus resultados são comparados com os valores reais. Todas as trajectórias de transferência são calculadas pela primeira vez com a formulação do problema dos dois corpos e, em seguida, usando um software de código aberto. Este software é o General Mission Analysis Tool desenvolvido pela NASA. As manobras de assistência gravitacional são normalmente utilizadas para missões aos planetas exteriores, a Mercúrio ou

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Wood, Josie MaryAnne Soules. "Finding fantasy : three newspapers tell the story of Kip Kinkel and Thurston High." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28766.

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On May 21, 1998 Kip Kinkel drove to Thurston High School in Springfield, Oregon. Kinkel killed two students and wounded another twenty-two students. He killed his parents the day before. The shootings at Thurston High School came on the heels of a number of prominent school shootings and Kip Kinkel provoked tremendous attention from the media. In an attempt to understand how the media told the story of Kip Kinkel and the shootings at Thurston High School, Ernest G. Bormann's fantasy theme analysis is used as a critical model. To generate insight into the rhetorical visions present in the media

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