Academic literature on the topic 'Mass spring model'

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mass spring model"

1

Silva, Josildo Pereira da. "A Data-Driven Approach for Mass-Spring Model Parametrization Based on Continuous Models." Instituto de Matemática, 2015. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/22848.

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Submitted by Kleber Silva (kleberbs@ufba.br) on 2017-06-01T20:42:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Josildo.pdf: 4648596 bytes, checksum: 3ed7ce11dd70e411aa2271e15aeca67c (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Reis (vanessa.jamile@ufba.br) on 2017-06-07T11:45:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Josildo.pdf: 4648596 bytes, checksum: 3ed7ce11dd70e411aa2271e15aeca67c (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-07T11:45:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Josildo.pdf: 4648596 bytes, checksum: 3ed7ce11dd70e411aa2271e15aeca67c (MD5)<br>Nowadays, the behavior simulation of deformable objects plays important roles in several fields such as computer graphics, computer aided design, computer aided surgery And robotics. The two main categories of deformable models are: based on continuum mechanics, like Finite Element Model (FEM) or Isogeometric Analysis (IGA); and using discrete representations, as a Mass - Spring Model (MSM). FEM methods are known for their high computational cost and precision, while MSM methods, although simple and affordable for real-time applications, are di cult to parameterize. There is no general physically based or systematic method in the literature to determine the mesh topology or MSM parameters from a known material. Therefore, in this thesis, we proposea methodology to parametrize the MSM based on continuous models with focus on the simulation of deformable objects in real-time for application in virtual environments. We developed two data-driven approaches to the parametrization of the MSM by using FEM and IGA models as reference of derivation with higher order elements. Based on experimental results, the precision achieved by these new methodologies is higher than other approaches in literature. In particular, our proposal achieves excellent results in the parametrization of the MSM with higher order elements which does not occur with other methodologies<br>Atualmente, a simula¸c˜ao de objetos deform´aveis desempenha papel importante em v´arios campos ligados `a Ciˆencia da Computa¸c˜ao, como a computa¸c˜ao gr´afica, projeto assistido por computador, cirurgias assistidas por computador e rob´otica. Nesse contexto, a simula¸c˜ao de objetos deform´aveis com acur´acia e em tempo-real ´e uma tarefa extremamente dificil para as aplica¸c˜oes que requerem simula¸c˜oes mecˆanicas interativas como s˜ao os casos dos ambientes virtuais, simuladores cir´urgicos e jogos. Podemos dividir as abordagens que d˜ao suporte ao tratamento de modelos deform´aveis em dois grandes grupos: baseados em mecˆanica do cont´ınuo, como M´etodo de Elementos Finitos (FEM - Finite Element Method) ou An´alise Isogeom´etrica (IGA - Isogeometric Analysis); e usando representa¸c˜oes discretas, como modelo massa-mola (MSM - Mass Spring Model). M´etodos baseados na abordagem cont´ınua s˜ao conhecidos por seu alto custo computacional e acur´acia, enquanto que os m´etodos discretos, embora simples e adequados para simula¸c˜oes mecˆanicas interativas, s˜ao dif´ıceis de parametrizar. A falta de um m´etodo geral baseado em f´ısica ou sistem´atico para determinar a topologia de malha ou os parˆametros do MSM a partir de um material conhecido foi a principal motiva¸c˜ao desse trabalho, no sentido de gerar um modelo de baixo custo computacional, como o MSM, a partir de um modelo de alta precis˜ao como o FEM. Portanto, partindo da premissa de simplicidade e adequa¸c˜ao do MSM para simula¸c˜oes mecˆanicas interativas, nesta tese propomos uma metodologia para parametrizar o MSM baseada em modelos cont´ınuos. Desenvolvemos duas abordagens orientadas `a dados (data-driven) para a parametriza¸c˜ao do MSM usando modelos FEM e IGA, este ´ultimo como referˆencia de deriva¸c˜ao com elementos de ordem superior. Com base nos resultados experimentais, a precis˜ao alcan¸cada por estas novas metodologias ´e mais elevada do que a de outros trabalhos similiares na literatura. Em particular, a nossa proposta alcan¸ca excelentes resultados na parametriza¸c˜ao do MSM com elementos de ordem superior
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2

Eriksson, Emil. "Simulation of Biological Tissue using Mass-Spring-Damper Models." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-27663.

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The goal of this project was to evaluate the viability of a mass-spring-damper based model for modeling of biological tissue. A method for automatically generating such a model from data taken from 3D medical imaging equipment including both the generation of point masses and an algorithm for generating the spring-damper links between these points is presented. Furthermore, an implementation of a simulation of this model running in real-time by utilizing the parallel computational power of modern GPU hardware through OpenCL is described. This implementation uses the fourth order Runge-Kutta method to improve stability over similar implementations. The difficulty of maintaining stability while still providing rigidness to the simulated tissue is thoroughly discussed. Several observations on the influence of the structure of the model on the consistency of the simulated tissue are also presented. This implementation also includes two manipulation tools, a move tool and a cut tool for interaction with the simulation. From the results, it is clear that the mass-springdamper model is a viable model that is possible to simulate in real-time on modern but commoditized hardware. With further development, this can be of great benefit to areas such as medical visualization and surgical simulation.<br>Målet med detta projekt var att utvärdera huruvida en modell baserad på massa-fjäderdämpare är meningsfull för att modellera biologisk vävnad. En metod för att automatiskt generera en sådan modell utifrån data tagen från medicinsk 3D-skanningsutrustning presenteras. Denna metod inkluderar både generering av punktmassor samt en algoritm för generering av länkar mellan dessa. Vidare beskrivs en implementation av en simulering av denna modell som körs i realtid genom att utnyttja den parallella beräkningskraften hos modern GPU-hårdvara via OpenCL. Denna implementation använder sig av fjärde ordningens Runge-Kutta-metod för förbättrad stabilitet jämfört med liknande implementationer. Svårigheten att bibehålla stabiliteten samtidigt som den simulerade vävnaden ges tillräcklig styvhet diskuteras genomgående. Flera observationer om modellstrukturens inverkan på den simulerade vävnadens konsistens presenteras också. Denna implementation inkluderar två manipuleringsverktyg, ett flytta-verktyg och ett skärverktyg för att interagera med simuleringen. Resultaten visar tydligt att en modell baserad på massa-fjäder-dämpare är en rimlig modell som är möjlig att simulera i realtid på modern men lättillgänglig hårdvara. Med vidareutveckling kan detta bli betydelsefullt för områden så som medicinsk bildvetenskap och kirurgisk simulering.
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3

Shiva, V. A. "Visualization of wave propagation in elastic solids using a mass-spring lattice model." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63194.

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Thesis (M.S.V.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, February 1990.<br>Videocassette is VHS format.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>by Shiva Ayyadurai.<br>M.S.V.S.
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4

Hall, Anthony R. "The Pseudo-Rigid-Body Model for Fast, Accurate, Non-Linear Elasticity." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3869.

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We introduce to computer graphics the Pseudo-Rigid-Body Mechanism (PRBM) and the chain algorithm from mechanical engineering, with a unified tutorial from disparate source materials. The PRBM has been used successfully to simplify the simulation of non-linearly elastic beams, using deflections of an analogous spring and rigid-body linkage. It offers computational efficiency as well as an automatic parameterization in terms of physically measurable, intuitive inputs which fit naturally into existing animation work flows for character articulation. The chain algorithm is a technique for simulating the deflection of complicated elastic bodies in terms of straight elastic elements, which has recently been extended to incorporate PRBM beam-elements in three dimensions. We present a new, mathematically equivalent optimization of the 3D PRBM chain algorithm, from its former asymptotic complexity of O(n^2) in the number of elements n, to O(n). We also extend an existing PRBM for combined moment-force loads to 3D, where the existing 3D PRBM chain algorithm was limited to 3D PRBM elements for a moment-only load. This optimization and extension are validated by duplicating prior experimental results, but substituting the new optimization and combined-load elements. Finally, a loose road-map is provided with several key considerations for future extension of the techniques to dynamic simulations.
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Alajmi, Fawaz M. "FROM "INDEXING" OFFICIALS TO "INDEXING" THE PUBLIC: KUWAITI NEWSPAPERS AGENDA BUILDING, NEWS INDEXING AND TWITTER USE IN KARAMAT WATAN PROTESTS, 2012." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1024.

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MAJOR PROFESSORS: DR. UCHE ONYEBADI & DR. KATHERINE T. FRITH This dissertation was conducted to determine whom the Kuwaiti newspapers indexed in their news reports during the Karamat Watan protests, and how Twitter influenced the indexing process. This study also examined how and why Twitter affected Kuwaiti journalists' agenda building process during their coverage of the protests. For the purpose of this study, the theoretical framework was the indexing model and the agenda building theory. To answer the research questions and hypothesis in this dissertation the researcher used a mixed method approach, comprising the quantitative content analysis of Kuwaiti newspapers and qualitative in-depth interviews with Kuwaiti journalists. The content analysis results show that Kuwaiti newspapers indexed more public views than official views in their coverage of the Karamat Watan protests and the number of non-official sources is larger than the number of official sources in the coverage of the event- driven news. Also, the analysis shows that during the protests the independent newspapers indexed more public views than the semi- official newspapers in Kuwait. Furthermore, the interviews show that Kuwaiti journalists were not unanimous in their opinions regarding the role of twitter in their agenda building process during the protests. While some of them believed that twitter was a good tool that helped them in their coverage of the protests in particular and other events in general, others said that it was hard to be confident about the credibility of the online sources.
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6

Merker, Andreas [Verfasser], Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Hermann, Andre [Akademischer Betreuer] Seyfarth, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Zumbusch. "Numerical bifurcation analysis of the asymmetric spring-mass model / Andreas Merker. Gutachter: Martin Hermann ; Andre Seyfarth ; Gerhard Zumbusch." Jena : Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1058858025/34.

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7

Villeger, David. "Restitution d'énergie élastique et locomotion (REEL) : une approche adimensionnelle." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/4068/.

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L'objectif de ce travail est de développer une approche adimensionnelle de la locomotion humaine, et plus précisément de la marche et de la course. En d'autres termes, le principal enjeu de cette thèse est d'induire des similitudes locomotrices entre des hommes de tailles différentes. Ces similitudes locomotrices attendues entre des individus de différentes tailles sont les mêmes que celles que les physiciens recherchent lors de l'élaboration de prototype à partir de maquette. Dans l'approche que nous tentons de développer tout au long de ce document, nous considérons qu'un individu petit est le modèle réduit d'un plus grand. Notre approche est au croisement des champs de la physique, de la modélisation et de la biomécanique. L'application de l'analyse dimensionnelle aux modèles simples de locomotion permet de mettre en avant l'intérêt des nombres adimensionnels de Froude (vitesse adimensionnelle) et Strouhal (fréquence adimensionnelle) pour étudier la locomotion humaine. Ces modèles simples de locomotion simplifient le corps humain à la masse du corps concentrée au centre de gravité oscillant à l'extrémité d'un ressort. Ils prennent en compte une composante élastique et mettent en avant des transferts se réalisant au centre de gravité entre les énergies cinétique, potentielle de pesanteur et potentielle élastique. Le rapport de ces énergies est appelé Modela. Modela possède deux variantes, une pour la marche et l'autre pour la course, et est dépendant de Froude et Strouhal. Dans un premier temps, les conditions expérimentales de vitesse de déplacement (à partir de Froude) et de fréquence de pas (à partir de Strouhal), toutes deux relatives à l'anthropométrie des individus, ont permis d'engendrer des similitudes locomotrices pour la marche et la course chez des individus de tailles différentes. Ces résultats révèlent tout l'intérêt d'une approche adimensionnelle de la locomotion en montrant qu'exprimés indépendamment de l'anthropométrie des individus, leurs comportements adimensionnels est le même. Utiliser cette approche pour comparer des locomotions au sein même de l'espèce humaine a un grand intérêt pour étudier des comportements déviants d'un comportement standard. Aussi, cette approche peut être un moyen de mettre en avant des organisations du mouvement communes à différentes espèces. Dans un second temps, l'accent est mis sur la comparaison entre le modèle simple et le modèle complexe du corps humain. D'un coté, le modèle simple du corps humain prend en compte une composante élastique et ne s'intéresse qu'au centre de gravité. De l'autre coté, le corps humain peut être modélisé comme un ensemble de segments corporels articulés entre eux. Ici, un lien est fait entre le mouvement global du centre de gravité et les coordinations des segments poly-articulés, lors du mouvement, et tout ce que cela engendre en termes de transfert d'énergie. Le rapprochement des deux modèles explique comment un individu peut se comporter comme une masse bondissante lors de la marche et la course ou comment les expérimentations futures pourront investir le champ de l'élasticité humaine et de l'économie d'énergie<br>The aim of this paper is to develop a dimensionless approach of the human locomotion, and more specifically of walking and running gaits. In other terms, the main goal of this PhD thesis is to induce locomotor similarity between different-sized humans. These similarities are the same that the physicians look for when they design a prototype from a scale model. Throughout the thesis paper, this approach allows the consideration that a small human is a reduced model of a tall one. Our approach is cross-fielded like Physics, Modelization, and Biomechanics. The dimensional analysis application to the common locomotion models allows to highlight the interest of using the dimensionless numbers of Froude (dimensionless speed) and Strouhal (dimensionless frequency) to study human locomotion. These locomotion models are reduced to the body mass represented at its center of mass oscillating at the end of a massless spring. They take into account an elastic component and enlighten transfers occurring at the center of mass between the kinetic, potential and elastic energies. The ratio of these energies is called Modela. A Modela corresponds to both walking and running, and depends on Froude and Strouhal. First, the experimental conditions such as speed displacement relative to anthropometry (from Froude) and step frequency relative to anthropometry (from Strouhal) allow us to generate locomotor similarity between different-sized subjects for walking and running. These results reveal the interest of the dimensionless approach of the locomotion by showing that the dimensionless behaviors are the same when they are expressed independently of the subject anthropometry. The use of this approach to compare human locomotions is interesting to study behavior different to the gold dimensionless standard. Also, this approach may be a means to highlight a global organization of the movement which is common to many species. Then, the comparison between the simple model and the complex model is investigated. In one hand, the model takes into account an elastic component and only describe the center of mass movement. In the other hand, the human body is represented as a whole of body segment poly-articulated. A link is done between the global movement of the center of mass and the movement of the poly-articular model, and especially regarding for the energy transfers. The link between the models explain how a subject has the same behavior of a spring mass, and how the future works will be able to investigate the fields of the human elasticity and the saving energy mechanisms
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8

Yen, Jasper Tong-Biau. "Force control during human bouncing gaits." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43698.

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Every movement has a goal. For reaching, the goal is to move the hand to a specific location. For locomotion, however, goals for each step cycle are unclear and veiled by the automatic nature of lower limb control. What mechanical variables does the nervous system "care" about during locomotion? Abundant evidence from the biomechanics literature suggests that the force generated on the ground, or endpoint force, is an important task variable during hopping and running. Hopping and running are called bouncing gaits for the reason that the endpoint force trajectory is like that of bouncing on a pogo stick. In this work, I captured kinematics and kinetics of human bouncing gaits, and tested whether structure in the inherent step-to-step variability is consistent with control of endpoint force. I found that joint torques covary from step to step to stabilize only peak force. When two limbs are used to generate force on the ground at the same time, individual forces of the limbs are not stabilized, but the total peak force is stabilized. Moreover, passive dynamics may be exploited during forward progression. These results suggest that the number of kinetic goals is minimal, and this simple control scheme involves goals for discrete times during the gait cycle. Uncovering biomechanical goals of locomotion provides a functional context for understanding how complex joints, muscles, and neural circuits are coordinated.
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9

Fléchon, Elsa. "Définition d'un modèle unifié pour la simulation physique adaptative avec changements topologiques." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10284/document.

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Les travaux réalisés pendant mon doctorat répondent à la problématique de la simulation physique, en temps interactif, du comportement d'objets déformables soumis à des changements topologiques. Mes travaux ont abouti à la définition d'un nouveau modèle unifié couplant un modèle topologique complet et un modèle physique, pour la simulation physique d'objets déformables décomposés en éléments surfaciques comme volumiques, tout en réalisant pendant cette simulation des changements topologiques comme la découpe ou la subdivision locale d'un élément du maillage. Cette dernière opération a permis de proposer une méthode adaptative où les éléments du maillage sont raffinés selon un critère géométrique au cours de la simulation. Nous avons fait le choix des cartes combinatoires et plus particulièrement celui des complexes cellulaires linéaires, comme modèle topologique de notre modèle unifié. Ils ont l'avantage d'être génériques par rapport à la dimension de l'objet représenté mais également par rapport à la topologie des cellules en lesquelles l'objet est décomposé. Le système masses-ressort a, quant à lui, été choisi comme modèle physique de notre modèle unifié. L'avantage de ce dernier réside dans la simplicité de ses équations, son implémentation intuitive, son interactivité et sa facilité à gérer les changements topologiques. Enfin, la définition d'un modèle unifié nous a permis de proposer un modèle évitant la redondance d'informations et facilitant la mise à jour de ces dernières suite à des changements topologiques<br>The work made during my PhD, respond to the problematic of physical simulation of the behavior of deformable objects subject to topological changes in interactive time. My work resulted in the definition of a new unified model coupling a complete topological model and a physical model for physical simulation of deformable objects decomposed in surface as volume elements, while performing during this simulation topological changes such as cutting or subdivision local of a mesh element. This operation allowed us to propose an adaptive method where mesh elements are refined during the simulation according to a geometric criterion. For the topological model of our unified model, we made the choice of combinatorial maps and more particularly linear cellular complexes. Their main advantage of the latter is the simplicity of its equations, its intuitive implementation, its interactivity and its ease to handle topological changes. Finally, the definition of a unified model allowed us to propose a model avoiding duplication of information and facilitate the update after topological changes
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Holt-Phoenix, Marianne S. (Marianne Shue). "Wave propagation in finite element and mass-spring-dashpot lattice models." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35683.

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Thesis (Nav. E. and S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2006.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 42).<br>Numerical efficiency comparisons of a four-node finite element model (FEM), a mass-spring lattice model (MSLM), and a mass-spring-dashpot lattice model (MSDLM) are investigated. Specifically, the error in the ultrasonic phase speed with variations in Poisson's ratio and angle of incidence is evaluated in each model of an isotropic elastic solid. With regard to phase speed, materials with constant N grid spaces per P-wavelength having Poisson's ratios between 0.0 and 0.25 are modeled more accurately with the MSLM. Materials with Poisson's ratios between 0.35 and 0.5 and N grid spaces per P-wavelength are more accurately modeled with the FEM. Materials whose Poisson's ratio is between 0.25 and 0.35 are modeled equally accurately. With regard to phase speed, viscoelastic materials modeled with FEM and MSDLM show good agreement with known analytical solutions. The computational expense of all three models is also examined. The number of floating point operations (FLOPS) needed to achieve a specified phase speed accuracy is calculated for each different model. While the FEM and MSLM have nearly the same computation cost, the MSDLM is 5 times more costly than either the FEM or MSLM.<br>by Marianne S. Holt-Phoenix.<br>Nav.E.and S.M.
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