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1

Rahayu, Dewi Taurisiawati. "Effect of Infant Massage on Sleep Quality Of Baby 3-6 Months." Journal of Applied Nursing and Health 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.55018/janh.v4i2.105.

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Background: One of the problems experienced by babies is poor sleep quality. This study aims to determine the description of sleep quality in infants who received infant massages. The purpose of this research was to Description Of Sleep Quality Of Babies Aged 3-6 Months After Infant Massage In Pmb Lilis Suryawati, Jombang Regency Methods: The design used is descriptive. The population in this study was 54 infants aged 3-6 months, and a sample size of 36 was obtained. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The instrument used was a questionnaire about sleep quality. Infant massage is a routine procedure used at the research site, namely PMB Lilis Suryawati Jombang. This study was conducted on July 7 – August 29, 2021. Results: The results of this study indicate that the sleep quality of infants who were massaged almost entirely (52.8%) had good sleep quality. Baby massage relaxes baby's body muscles and improves sleep quality. Conclusion: Education to get Good sleep quality in Baby massage relaxes baby's body muscles and can improve sleep quality.
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Afriyanti, Detty. "EFFECTS OF BABY MASSAGE USING LAVENDER AROMATHERAPY IN FULFILLMENT OF SLEEP NEED AMONG BABY AGE 6-12 MONTHS IN THE WORKING AREA NILAM SARI HEALTH CENTER BUKITTINGGI IN 2017." Journal of Midwifery 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jom.1.1.13-24.2018.

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In Indonesia there is quite a lot of infants who have trouble in sleeping, that is 44.2%. If the infants's sleep requirement is not met, it can disrupt the growth and development of Infants. infants massage using lavender aromatherapy can contribute in improving infant's sleep needs. This study aims to determine the effect of infant massage using aromatherapy lavender to meet the needs of infants's sleep (6-12 months) at Nilam Sari Health Center in 2017. This study was Quasi Eksperiment with Two Group design. The study was conducted in June to July 2016 in the working area of Nilam Sari Health Center in Bukittinggi. The samples were 20 infants using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using T-Test dependent. Based on the results of the study, it was found that group I showed an average increase in infant sleep requirement between before and after massage of 2.55 hours. While the group II also showed an increase in the average of infant sleep requirement between before and after massage with lavender aromatherapy of 2.8 hours. The result of statistical test for both groups are the same, that is p value = 0.000 (p <0,05). The conclusion of this study asserting that there was an association between infant massage using aromatherapy lavender to fulfill the requirement of infant sleep (6-12 month) in the work area of Nilam Sari Health Center of Bukittinggi. It is hoped that the mothers can apply infant massage at home, since infant massage is very effective in improving infant’s sleep and more effectively using lavender aromatherapy.
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Rayhani, Salsabila, Nur Mujaddidah Mochtar, Gina Noor Djalilah, and Rewina Intan Asmarani. "Well-Being of Infants Through Touch: The Effects of Massage on Sleep Quality and Weight Gain in the First 0-12 Months." Golden Age: Jurnal Ilmiah Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia Dini 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2024): 357–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jga.2024.92-15.

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The initial stage of an infant's life, from 0 to 12 months, is a critical period in their development. Growth optimization during this period depends on nutrition, emotional support, and early stimulation. Particularly, an infant's sleep quality is a key adaptive mechanism that influences their growth and well-being. This study aims to understand the impact of infant massage on the sleep quality of infants aged 0-12 months and to evaluate the influence of infant massage on weight gain in this age group. Therefore, this study conducts a systematic review of the impact of infant massage on infants aged 0-12 months, using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases from 2018 to 2023. Of 855 articles, 29 met the inclusion criteria according to PRISMA guidelines. The results show that regular infant massage, ideally 3-4 times a week for 15-30 minutes, significantly improves sleep quality and weight gain in infants aged 0-12 months. The effectiveness of infant massage is influenced by various factors such as environmental conditions, daily nutrition, massage routines, daily activities of the baby, and health conditions. This study implies that infant massage can be an important and effective intervention to support healthy infant growth and development, particularly in improving sleep quality and weight gain in infants aged 0-12 months, thereby encouraging the incorporation of infant massage as an integral part of daily baby care.
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Nurhidayati, Evi, Nur Fithriyanti Imamah, Muafiqoh Dwiarini, and Meei-Ling Gau. "Massage Therapy for Infant Temperaments: An Intervention Study." South East Asia Nursing Research 6, no. 1 (March 9, 2024): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/seanr.6.1.2024.17-24.

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A form of complementary therapy, infant massage, has the potential to ameliorate difficult infant temperaments and transform them into easier ones. This study aimed to ascertain the impact of newborn massage therapy on infants' temperament. A total of 102 participants were divided into two groups for this quasi-experimental study using a pretest and posttest. Over the length of five weeks, twice each week, the experimental groups received ten-time massages in total. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was applied to the data. This study discovered that infant massage improved the temperament in the experimental group from difficult to easy, a result that was mirrored in the control group. Infants may develop a more positive temperament through the utilization of infant massage therapy. Healthcare professionals are required to provide a thorough understanding of the physiological and psychological growth of infants, placing special attention on strategies that promote a positive temperament.
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Yuliana, Wigi, Reisy Tane, and Selamat Ginting. "PIJAT BAYI EFEKTIF MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS TIDUR BAYI USIA 2-4 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS DELI TUA." Jurnal Penelitian Keperawatan Medik 4, no. 1 (October 31, 2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36656/jpkm.v4i1.673.

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Abstract Baby's growth and development can be optimized with good quality sleep, one way is baby massage. Researchers interviewed 15 mothers of infants. It was found that 15 mothers of babies never massaged their babies. This study aims to identify the effect of baby massage on the sleep quality of infants aged 3-12 months in the Deli Tua Public Health Center, Deli Serdang Regency.This type of research is a quasy experiment with a one group pretest-posttest design. The study population was infants aged 2-4 months. The sample of the study was 15 infants aged 2-4 months, using purposive sampling. The independent variable was infant massage and the dependent variable was the sleep quality of infants aged 2-4 months. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Wilcoxon statistical test data processing. The results showed that the sleep quality of infants aged 2-4 months before massage was mostly adequate, as many as 12 respondents (80.0%) and the quality of sleep for infants aged 2-4 months after massage was mostly good, as many as 14 respondents (93, 3%). Wilcoxon statistical test showed that the significant value of p-value = 0.000 <(0.05), so that H1 was accepted.The conclusion of this research is that there is an effect of infant massage on the sleep quality of babies aged 2-4 months in the working area of ​​the Deli Tua Health Center, Deli Serdang Regency.
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Livingston, Karen, Shay Beider, Alexis J. Kant, Constance C. Gallardo, Michael H. Joseph, and Jeffrey I. Gold. "Touch and Massage for Medically Fragile Infants." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 6, no. 4 (2009): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nem076.

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Research investigating the efficacy of infant massage has largely focused on premature and low birth weight infants. The majority of investigations have neglected highly acute patients in academic neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The current study was developed with two aims: (Phase 1) to develop, implement and demonstrate the feasibility and safety of a parent-trained compassionate touch/massage program for infants with complex medical conditions and (Phase 2) to conduct a longitudinal randomized control trial (RCT) of hand containment/massage versus standard of care in a level III academic Center for Newborn and Infant Critical Care (CNICC). Certified infant massage instructors (CIMIs) taught parents to massage their hospitalized infants. Massage therapy and instruction were performed for seven consecutive days and health outcomes were collected for up to 1 month following treatment. Caregivers, nurses and certified infant massage therapists indicated moderate to high levels of satisfaction and feasibility with the implementation of hand containment/massage in a level III academic center CNICC. In addition, infant behavioral and physiological measures were within safe limits during the massage sessions. All caregivers participating in the massage group reported high levels of satisfaction 7 days into the intervention and at the 1-month follow-up with regards to their relationship with their infant, the massage program's impact on that relationship and the massage program. Due to unequal and small sample sizes, between group analyses (control versus massage) were not conducted. Descriptive infant characteristics of health outcomes are described. Preliminary data from this study indicates feasibility and safety of infant massage and satisfaction among the caregivers, CIMIs and the nurses in the CNICC. An important contribution from this study was the demonstration of the infants' safety based on physiological stability and no change in agitation/pain scores of the infants receiving massage. Massage in a tertiary urban academic NICU continues to be an area of needed study. Future studies examining infant health outcomes, such as weight gain, decreased length of hospitalization and caregiver–infant bonding, would provide greater insight into the impact of massage for medically fragile infants.
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Moussa, Suaad, Lubna Fawaz, Walaa Ibrahim, Mona Fathelbab Elsayed, and Marwa Mostafa Ahmed. "Effect of Infant Massage on Salivary Oxytocin Level of Mothers and Infants with Normal and Disordered Bonding." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 12 (January 2021): 215013272110129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501327211012942.

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Maternal-infant bonding is an affective maternal-driven process that occurs primarily to her infant. Prophylactic interventions or treatment of disordered bonding include infant massage. Evidence suggests that oxytocin plays an important role in facilitation of mother–infant bonding. Main objective is to assess the effect of infant massage on salivary oxytocin level of mothers and their infant during postpartum period. And to assess the difference of oxytocin level in normal and disordered maternal-infant bonding. This study is a quasi-experimental study, carried out on 37 pairs of mothers and their infants from second to sixth month postpartum, attending Basateen Gharb primary health care center (PHC) in Albasateen district, Cairo, Egypt. Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) was used to differentiate between mothers with normal and disordered bonding. Pre and post massage salivary samples were taken from mothers and their infants. Tappan’s technique of infant massage was used. Results showed that 48.6% (N = 18) of mothers had disordered maternal infant bonding. Mothers and infants with normal bonding showed a positive relationship with their salivary oxytocin level post massage. On the other hand, mothers and infants with disordered bonding showed no change in their salivary oxytocin level post massage. Salivary oxytocin level in male infants has decreased post massage, while oxytocin level in female infants has increased post massage in mothers with normal bonding. We concluded that infant massage increases salivary oxytocin level in mothers and infants with normal bonding and it has no effect on salivary oxytocin level of mothers and infants with disordered bonding.
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8

Flynn, Catherine, Patricia Coker-Bolt, and Courtney Jarrard. "Helping Infants With Congenital Heart Defects: Enhancing Parent with Therapist Engagement Through Infant Massage." American Journal of Occupational Therapy 76, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2022): 7610510174p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2022.76s1-po174.

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Abstract Date Presented 03/31/2022 Infant massage is a beneficial intervention for infants with cardiac defects. No studies have explored how to promote parent engagement in infant massage with these fragile infants. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of parent and staff perceptions of infant massage for infants born with congenital heart defects. The results support the need for additional education about the purpose of infant massage, protocols, and how to safely deliver massage to critically ill infants. Primary Author and Speaker: Catherine Flynn Contributing Authors: Patricia Coker-Bolt, Courtney Jarrard
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Elvira, Mariza, and Siti Azizah. "Pengaruh Pemberian Pijat Bayi Terhadap Kenaikan Berat Badan Bayi Umur 0-6 Bulan Di BPS Bunda Bukittinggi." Jurnal Pembangunan Nagari 2, no. 1 (June 22, 2017): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30559/jpn.v2i1.16.

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The massage is not only done when the baby is healthy, but also on sick or fussy babies and infants has become routine care after birth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of infant massage on weight gain in infants aged 0-6 months. This type of research is Experimental with Quasy Experiment. The population in this study was 0-6 month-old baby. The sample amounted to 24 people consisting of 12 people who were given infant massage and 12 people were not given infant massage with technique sampling nonprobability. Data was collected using a computerized questionnaire then processed in the univariate and bivariate analyzes. The results obtained infant weight gain on average increased weight infants fed infant massage is 800 gram/month and on average increased weight infants who were not given the baby massage is 233.33 gram/month. Results of statistical test p value = 0.000 visible means no significant difference on average between giving a massage in infants with weight gain in infants aged 0-6 months. The conclusion can be drawn that the baby is gaining weight rapidly increases with doing baby massage, and also advice it to parents to always perform routine infant massage on baby.
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10

Simanungkalit, Happy Marthalena. "PENGARUH PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP POLA TIDUR BAYI USIA 0-6 BULAN." Mahakam Midwifery Journal (MMJ) 4, no. 2 (December 10, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35963/midwifery.v4i2.128.

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Based on WHO 2012 data included in the journal Pediatrics, there were around 33% of infants experiencing sleep problems. One of the causes of sleep problems is in fact a parent's mistake in putting the child to sleep. Healthy sleep habits should be implanted from infancy. Objective of this research to determine the effect of massage on the sleep patterns of infants aged 0-6 months. This study used atype study Quasi Experiment with adesign non equilaventwith control group design. The research was conducted from January to March 2018. The population of this study was balyi aged 0-6 months in the work area of ​​Terwan Health Center. The sample is 11 respondents. Data analysis using Chi Square. Based on the results of a statistical test, it was shown that 9 respondents (81.8%) had a massage, sleep patterns were not disturbed. Infants who were not massaged were 3 respondents (27.3%), sleep patterns were not disturbed. Chi square statistic test shows the value of P-Value 0.032 (P-Value<α 0.05) which means there are significant differences. Keywords: massaage, sleep patterns.
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11

Susilowati, Lilik, Irvan Arifianto, Dian Reflisiani, and Erma Herdyana. "The influence of infant massage on the sleep duration of infants aged 6-12 months in TPMB X, Jagakarsa Sub-District, Srengseh Sawah Village." International journal of health & medical sciences 7, no. 2 (May 5, 2024): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijhms.v7n2.2270.

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The infancy period is a critical phase in the growth and development of babies, thus requiring special attention. One of the factors that can influence infant growth and development is sleep and rest. Massage can help reduce muscle tension, resulting in babies feeling more relaxed and experiencing deeper sleep. Based on a preliminary study conducted in the Integrated Health Post (Posyandu) of TPMB X's working area, it was found that 11 out of 26 infants (approximately 42.3%) experienced sleep disturbances. Furthermore, interviews with 10 mothers revealed that 7 of them (70%) were not aware of infant massage. Objective: To determine the influence of infant massage on the sleep duration of infants aged 6-12 months in TPMB X, Jagakarsa Sub-District, Srengseng Sawah Village. Methodology: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with the one-group pretest-posttest design. The population consisted of 35 infants aged 6-12 months, and total sampling technique was utilized. The instrument used was a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was conducted using the Paired Samples Test. Results: The average sleep quality of infants before receiving infant massage was 12.714, while the average sleep quality after receiving infant massage was 14.086.
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12

Paryono, Paryono, and Ari Kurniarum. "Pengaruh Pijat Bayi yang dilakukan oleh Ibu terhadap Tumbuh-Kembang dan Tidur Bayi di Kabupaten Klaten." Interest : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan 9, no. 1 (May 27, 2020): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37341/interest.v9i1.155.

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Background: Optimal growth and development of babies can be done through stimulation of the touch by containing massage. Babies who are massaged sleep more and compile waking up fresher. In Klaten District, parents ask for masseur services because their children are fussy and have trouble sleeping. No less than 30 babies every day who come in one massage place, even on holidays more than 60 babies who come. If you can do the massage yourself, you will be able to save money and get closer to the relationship between mother and baby, including other developments and developments, and help the baby's development. Purpose this study is analyze the effect of infant massage conducted by the mother on the growth and development of infants in Klaten Regency, it can be seen the growth and development of infant sleep. Methods: The research method is quasi-experimental with control. The study was conducted for 6 months, the intervention for 1 month consisted of training in infant massage in the group of mothers who had babies and conditioning other groups as a control group (not suitable for training). The group treated massage their babies every week for 1 month, while the other group (control) did not do massage. Data collected includes body, body length, the ability of motion received by the baby and the quality of sleep performed before and after massage in the control groups, as well as in the control groups at the time performed for 1 month. The research location is in Klaten Regency with a sample of the area in the working area of ​​Trucuk and Central Klaten Puskesmas. Data analysis was carried out for 1 month to test hypotheses using the paired "t" test to measure body weight, body length and sleep quality before and then get a good massage in the treated group with good control, through the unpaired "t" test to measure the babies given massage compared to babies who are not massaged. Results: Tests of growth and development of babies and sleep between before and after the baby was massage by the results obtained with p <0.05 and in infants who were massaged by babies who were massaged obtained with p <0.05. Conclusion: Infant massage is provided by the mother for baby's growth and development and sleep in Klaten Regency.
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Fitriyanti, Yuyuk Eva, Gusman Arsyard, and Sumiaty Sumiaty. "Pengaruh Pijat Bayi terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan." Jurnal Bidan Cerdas 1, no. 3 (September 21, 2020): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33860/jbc.v1i3.257.

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Indicator of child growth is weight. At the age of 1-3 months is a period of rapid growth, so it is necessary to maintain a baby's weight according to age. Touch therapy or massage is one of technique that combines the physical benefits of human touch with emotional benefits such as bounding and increasing weight. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of infant massage on weight gain in infants aged 1-3 months in the work area of the Sangurara Health Center in Palu. This type of research was a Quasi-experimental design with pretest and Posttest control group design. The sample in this study was 30 months old infants as many as 30 infants with sampling technique consecutive sampling. Data analysis used test Chi-square with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). The results show that babies who were massaged had more weight gain, which was 24.07%, while babies who were not massaged had a weight gain of 18.28%. This is evidenced by the value of p value: 0.03 (p.value≤0.05). In conclusion, there was the effect of Baby Massage on Increased Body Weight. Suggestions for researchers for health workers to socialize and suggest baby massage to reduce the case of BGM weight (Under the Red Line) in infants.
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Ella, Lailaturohmah, and Erda Restya Agustin. "PENINGKATAN BERAT BADAN BAYI MELALUI KELAS PIJAT UNTUK USIA 1-6 BULAN: PROGRAM PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT." Jurnal LENTERA 4, no. 2 (July 15, 2024): 158–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.57267/lentera.v4i2.375.

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Increasing infant weight is an important indicator of optimal growth and development. One effective method to achieve this is through baby massage, which can provide both physical and psychological stimulation for the infant. This community service activity aims to increase the weight of infants aged 1-6 months through baby massage classes conducted at Posyandu Perumahan Griya Intan Asri, Mrican, Kota Kediri. The program involved 10 mothers with infants aged 1-6 months as participants. The methods used included socialization, education, and training in baby massage techniques by competent healthcare professionals. The training provided practical guidance on safe and effective baby massage techniques to enhance infant weight and well-being, as well as to strengthen the bond between mother and child. The results of the program showed that out of the 10 infants who participated, 8 infants (80%) experienced weight gain after the baby massage sessions, while 2 infants (20%) maintained their weight. None of the infants experienced weight loss. These results indicate that baby massage classes have a significant impact on increasing infant weight, which is a crucial indicator for their optimal growth and development. Therefore, this baby massage class program can be considered effective in improving both the physical and psychological health of infants and strengthening the role of mothers in caregiving to support their children's optimal growth and development
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Juneau, Audrey Larone, Marilyn Aita, and Marjolaine Héon. "Review and Critical Analysis of Massage Studies for Term and Preterm Infants." Neonatal Network 34, no. 3 (2015): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.34.3.165.

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ABSTRACTPurpose: To review and analyze studies evaluating the effects of massage on term and preterm infants.Design: A systematic review of literature.Results: Benefits of massage for term infants are: improved weight gain, growth, and sleep and decreased hyperbilirubinemia. Benefits for preterm infants are: improved weight gain, decreased response to pain, and increased interactions with parents. However, the few studies use different interventions related to timing and number of massages, and the outcomes vary among studies. There is not enough evidence to support the use of massage for term and preterm infants, but massage may be considered on a case-by-case basis.
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Fitriyanti, Yuyuk Eva, Gusman Arsyard, and Sumiaty Sumiaty. "Pengaruh Pijat Bayi terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan." Jurnal Bidan Cerdas (JBC) 2, no. 2 (August 31, 2019): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.33860/jbc.v2i2.199.

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Indicator of child growth is weight. At the age of 1-3 months is a period of rapid growth, so it is necessary to maintain a baby's weight according to age. In the Sangurara Community Health Center work area, the second highest case of weight (BGM) was recorded with 30 babies. Touch therapy or massage is one technique that combines the physical benefits of human touch with emotional benefits such as bounding and increasing weight.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of infant massage on weight gain in infants aged 1-3 months in the work area of the Sangurara Health Center in Palu City. Palu City. This type of research is a Quasi-experimental design with pretest and Posttest control group design. The sample in this study were 30 months old infants as many as 30 infants with sampling technique consecutive sampling. Data analysis using test Chi-square with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). The results showed that babies who were massaged had more weight gain, which was 24.07%, while babies who were not massaged had a weight gain of 18.28%. This is evidenced by the value of p value: 0.03 (p.value≤0.05). In conclusion, there is the effect of Baby Massage on Increased Body Weight. Suggestions for researchers for health workers to socialize and suggest baby massage to reduce the case of BGM weight (Under the Red Line) in infants.
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Dewi, Nyoman Nursari, Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih, and Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono. "Effect of massage stimulation on weight gain in full term infants." Paediatrica Indonesiana 51, no. 4 (August 30, 2011): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi51.4.2011.202-6.

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Background Massage is a tactile/kinesthetic stimulation with biochemical and physiological effects on the body. Newborn infant massage stimulation given by mothers may promote maternal-infant bonding and attachment, enhance infant weight gain and stimulate the production of breast milk. There have been few studies on the effect of massage stimulation on weight gain in full term infants, and this topic remains controversial.Objective To examine the effect of massage stimulation on weight gain in full term infants.Methods This quasi-experimental study was held in Sanglah Hospital and Bunda Setia Maternity Clinic. Massage stimulation was performed by mothers once daily for a four week period. Massage stimulation was given to 30 full term infants and their weight gain was compared to 31 control infants who did not receive massages.Results There were no differences in subject characteristics between the massage and control groups. Median weight gain in the massage group was 1230 grams, while that in the control group was 830 grams (P=0.028).Conclusion Weight gain in full term infants in the massage group was significantly greater than that in the control group after 4 weeks.
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Hermini, Hermini, and Setyo Retno Wulandari. "PENGARUH MASSAGE BABY TERHADAP PENINGKATAN BERAT BADAN BAYI USIA 3-6 BULAN DI KINARA BABY CARE BANTUL." JURNAL KESEHATAN SAMODRA ILMU 12, no. 1 (January 27, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55426/jksi.v12i1.134.

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ABSTRACT Background : Massage therapy can have a very positive effect in the form of weight gain and increased breast milk consumption. Babies who are born normally aged 1-3 months if massaged for 15 minutes twice a week, after three weeks will experience a higher weight gain than babies who are not massaged. Massage is a tactile stimulation that has biochemical and physiological effects on various organs. body. Research methods : The method used was pre-experimental method. The research sample consisted of 15 babies aged 3-6 months in Kinara baby Care Bantul. The independent variable in this study is massage baby. The dependent variable measured was the baby's weight using the baby scales. The Wilcoxon test is used to analyze the effect of the independent variable and the dependent variable. Results and discussion : The results showed that there was a significant effect between infant massage and baby weight (p <0.05), p value = 0.001. This study showed that infant massage was effective in influencing changes, especially the increase in baby weight. There is an effect of baby massage on weight gain for infants aged 3-6 months at Kinara Baby Care
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Wahyuni, Wahyuni, Ana Mariza, Riyanti Riyanti, and Yuli Yantina. "The Influence of Baby Massage on The Frequency and Duration of Breastfeeding in Infants Aged 0-6 Months." MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v4i1.11856.

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ABSTRACT The duration and frequency of breastfeeding in infants not only affects the infants but also their mothers, as the frequency of infant suckling influences maternal breast milk production. Data obtained from Suoh Village, the working area of the Bandar Negeri Suoh Health Center, revealed that 40% of infants were breastfeeding only 6-7 times a day, and 20% of infants were breastfeeding for just 5 minutes. One effort that can be made to increase the duration and frequency of breastfeeding is by providing infant massage therapy. The objective of this research is to determine the effect of infant massage on the frequency and duration of breastfeeding in infants aged 0-6 months in Suoh Village, the working area of Bandar Negeri Suoh Public Health Center, in the year 2023. This research employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design and a one-group pretest and posttest design. The population in this study consisted of all infants aged 0-6 months in the working area of Bandar Negeri Suoh Public Health Center, with a sample size of 30 individuals. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The study was conducted in July 2023. The data analysis in this study employed the Wilcoxon test. The results of this study indicated that the average frequency of breastfeeding before infant massage therapy was 6.93 times, and after the therapy it increased to 10.37 times. The average duration of breastfeeding before infant massage therapy was 6.77 minutes, and after the therapy it was 10.27 minutes. The bivariate analysis results revealed that there was a significant effect of infant massage therapy on the frequency of breastfeeding with a p-value of 0.000. There was also a significant effect of infant massage therapy on the duration of breastfeeding with a p-value of 0.000. Anthe effect of infant massage on the frequency and duration of breastfeeding in infants aged 0-6 months in Suoh Village, the working area of Bandar Negeri Suoh Public Health Center, in the year 2023. Keywords: Breastfeeding Duration, Breastfeeding Frequency, Infant Massage
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Beachy, Jodi. "Premature Infant Massage in the NICU." Neonatal Network 22, no. 3 (January 2003): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.22.3.39.

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Infant massage therapy is an inexpensive tool that should be utilized as part of the developmental care of the preterm infant. Nurses have been hesitant to begin massage therapy for fear of overstimulating the infant and because there has been insufficient research to prove its safety. Recent research, however, has shown that the significant benefits of infant massage therapy far outweigh the minimal risks. When infant massage therapy is properly applied to preterm infants, they respond with increased weight gains, improved developmental scores, and earlier discharge from the hospital. Parents of the preterm infant also benefit because infant massage enhances bonding with their child and increases confidence in their parenting skills. This article discusses the benefits and risks of massage for preterm infants and their families and explains how to implement massage therapy in the neonatal intensive care setting.
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Herawati, Yanti, and Desi Trisiani. "Effect Massage On Baby Weight." Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati 9, no. 3 (July 30, 2023): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v9i3.10502.

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Latar Belakang: Anak memiliki nilai yang sangat tinggi untuk keluarga dan bangsa, setiap orang tua mengharapkan anaknya dapat tumbuh dan berkembang secara optimal. Tercapainya pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang optimal merupakan hasil interaksi berbagai faktor yang saling berkaitan, yaitu faktor genetik, lingkungan, perilaku, dan rangsangan atau stimulasi yang berguna. Berat badan merupakan ukuran antopometri yang terpenting dan paling sering digunakan terutama pada bayi. Pijat adalah kegiatan merangsang kemampuan semua aspek perkembangan dasar baduta yang meliputi stimulasi sentuh, gerak, urut, pendengaran dan penglihatan dengan mengutamakan rasa nyaman. Manfaat pijat bayi antara lain meningkatkan berat badan, membuat bayi semakin tenang, meningkatkan efektivitas istirahat (tidur bayi), meningkatkan pertumbuhan, memperbaiki konsentrasi bayi, meningkatkan produksi ASI, membantu meringankan ketidaknyamanan dalam pencernaan dan tekanan emosi dan memperkuat sistim kekebalan tubuh.Tujuan: Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh massage pada berat badan bayi di di Klinik Mom & Baby Spa PMB D.Metode: Penelitian ini berjenis quasi experimental dengan rancangan pre-test dan post test with control group design menggunakan uji Independent t-test. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Klinik Mom & Baby Spa PMB D bulan April sampai September 2022. Total sample sebanyak 52 bayi, yaitu dipilih dari populasi berdasarkan pertimbangan Kriteria Inklusi yaitu bayi berumur 0-12 bulan, bayi sehat, bayi yang datang treatment teratur selama 3 bulan berturut-turut dengan kriteria inklusi, eksklusi dan Drop Out. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 26 bayi yang diberi massage dan 26 bayi yang tidak diberikan massage.Pengumpulan data menggunakan alat ukur timbangan bayi 20 kg jenis timbangan tidur yang telah diuji kalibrasi. Analisis data secara statistik Independent t-test. Penyajian data menggunakan tabel yang di jelaskan secara deskriptif.Hasil: bahwa kenaikan berat badan bayi pada kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan didapatkan nilai P Value 0,013 yang artinya ada perbedaan signifikan berat badan pada bayi dilakukan masase dengan bayi yang tidak dilakukan masase. Rata-rata berat badan bayi yang dilakukan masase (10,71 gram) lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan rata-rata berat badan bayi yang tidak dilakukan masase.Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan tujuan penelitian, Di ketahui bahwa ada perbedaan kenaikan berat badan bayi sebelum dan sesudah diberikan massage pada kelompok perlakuan. Tetapi Tidak ada perbedaan kenaikan berat badan bayi sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pijat bayi pada kelompok kontrol.Saran : Diharapkan bidan untuk memberikan pelayanan massage pada bayi dan memberikan penyuluhan serta mengajarkan mengenai teknik serta manfaat dari pijat bayi ini kepada para orang tua bayi agar dapat diaplikasikan sehingga membantu dalam meningkatkan berat badan bayi. Kata Kunci :Kenaikan Berat Badan, Pijat Bayi ABSTRACT Background: Body weight is the most important and frequently used anthropometric measurement, especially in infants. Weighing is a crucial measurement in assessing infants or toddlers. There are many factors that hinder their development, preventing infants from reaching their genetic potential, including nutrition and stimulation (baby massage).Objective: This research aimed to determine the effect of massage on infant weight gain at the Mom & Baby Spa PMB D Clinic.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test with a control group design, using the Independent t-test. The study was conducted at the Mom & Baby Spa PMB D Clinic from April to September 2022. The total sample consisted of 52 infants, selected from the population based on inclusion criteria, including infants aged 0-12 months, healthy infants, and infants who received regular treatment for 3 consecutive months with inclusion, exclusion, and dropout criteria. The sample used comprised 26 infants who received baby massage and 26 infants who did not receive baby massage. Data was collected using a 20 kg baby weighing scale, specifically a calibrated bed scale. Data analysis was performed using an Independent t-test, and data presentation was done using descriptive tables.Results: The research showed that the increase in infant weight in the control and treatment groups had a P-value of 0.013, indicating a significant difference in weight gain between infants who received massages and those who did not. The average weight of infants who received baby massage (10.71 grams) was higher compared to the average weight of infants who did not receive massage.Conclusion: There was a difference in infant weight gain before and after receiving baby massage in the treatment group. However, there was no difference in infant weight gain before and after receiving a baby massage in the control group.Suggestions: It is recommended that midwives provide baby massage services for infants and provide education and instruction on the techniques and benefits of baby massage to parents to help improve infant weight gain. Keywords: Infants, Body Weight, Massage
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Safitri, Safitri. "Hubungan Sikap Ibu tentang Pijat Bayi dengan Perilaku Ibu dalam Memijat Bayi." Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi 9, no. 1 (March 14, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36565/jab.v9i1.178.

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ABSTRACTMassage is an art of medical care and treatment that has been practiced since years ago. Massage can be done at any age, including infants. Touch and massage to new born can guarantee continuous skin contact that can maintain the feeling of safety in infants. The public health center Putri Ayu is the public health center with the highest number of infants with 0-11 months in Jambi city which is 917 infants in 2019. Information obtained from one of the officers, that there is no training and infant massage class at public health center Putri Ayu. This study is a quantitative study, with a cross sectional design that aims to determine the relationship between maternal attitudes about infant massage and maternal behavior in massaging infants in the public health center Putri Ayu, Jambi city. Data collection on attitudes and behaviors using a questionnaire. As many as 43 study subjects were selected by accidental sampling. This study was analyzed using the chi square statistical test. The results of the study there is a relationship between maternal attitudes about infant massage with maternal behavior in massaging babies (p-value = 0.044 <alpha 0.05). From the results of this study it is expected that the public health center will participate in training and open baby massage class so that mothers who have babies are interested in doing baby massage.
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Ni Nyoman, Ayuk Widiani, Anggun Pratiwi Ni Putu, and Diah Mariani Ni Kadek. "THE EFFECT OF BABY MASSAGE TO THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF INFANT AGED 3 -6 MONTS IN THE WORK AREA PUSKESMAS II SUKAWATI IN 2021." Jurnal Bahana Kesehatan Masyarakat (Bahana of Journal Public Health) 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35910/jbkm.v5i2.515.

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Background: Growth and development are essential to acknowledge in infancy. Stimulation plays a meaningful role in improving the baby development. This study aimed to determine the effect of baby massage on the growth and development of infants aged 3-6 months. Method: This study was using a Quasi-Experimental design with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design approach and was implemented in the work area of Puskesmas II Sukawati. The sample of this study subsist of 30 infants (15 infants as the control group and 15 infants as the treatment gr oup). Result: This study showed that after 4 weeks of treatment, there was no significant effect of baby massage on weight gain with p value = 0.187 (> 0.05), along with body length revealed none significant change with p value = 0.480 (> 0.05), but had significant effect on infant development with p value = 0.009 (< 0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant effect of performing baby massage to the growth of infants aged 3 -6 months both from the variables of weight and body length. There is a significant effect of performing baby massage on the development.
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Susanti, Ika Yuni, and Dyah Siwi Hety. "PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN BAYI UMUR 6-11 BULAN DI POSYANDU GRAHA MAJAPAHIT KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO." Hospital Majapahit (JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN MAJAPAHIT MOJOKERTO) 15, no. 1 (February 14, 2023): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.55316/hm.v15i1.817.

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The period of growth and development in infants is a golden period and a critical period for a person occurs at about the age of 0-12 months. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of infant massage on the development of infants aged 6-11 months at Posyandu Graha Majapahit, Mojokerto Regency.The research uses the Pre-Experiment Design type, while the One Group Pre Test-Post Test Design design. The study population was infants aged 6-11 months with a total of 40 infants, while the sample size was 35 infants aged 6-11 months using a simple random sampling technique. Test analysis using the Wilcoxon test.Data analysis used statistical tests conducted in a bivariate manner with the results of the Wilcoxson test showing that there was a significant effect of infant massage on the development of infants aged 6-11 months before and after treatment with a p value of 0.025 <α (0.05). So it can be concluded that H1 is accepted, which means there is a significant relationship between infant massage 6-11 months and infant development at Posyandu Graha Majapahit, Mojokerto Regency.Families need to provide support to mothers to provide stimulation, especially baby massage to increase optimal development and strengthen attachment (bonding). Baby massage needs to be done regularly and lovingly. There needs to be education and training on how to massage babies properly and correctly by health workers to mothers of babies as well as regular monitoring of developments.
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Khoiroh, Nidaul, Siti Muawanah, and M. Zuhal Purnomo. "HUBUNGAN PIJAT BAYI DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK KASAR PADA BAYI USIA 3-6 BULAN DI NARESWARA MOM AND BABY CARE KUDUS 2022." Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan (Scientific Journal of Midwifery) 9, no. 2 (September 23, 2023): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33023/jikeb.v9i2.1457.

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Baby massage can stimulate the development of baby's gross motor skills, which is part of motor activity that involves large or gross muscle skills. The ability to use large muscles for babies is a basic movement ability. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between infant massage and gross motor development in infants aged 3-6 months at Nareswara Mom and Baby Care Kudus. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample consisted of 50 infants aged 3-6 months at Nareswara Mom and Baby Care, Kudus, with the sampling technique using total sampling. Analysis of research data using univariate and bivariate analysis using chi square. The results of the univariate analysis showed that there were 33 babies (66%) aged 3-6 months who were in the routine category, while there were 17 babies (34%) who were in the non-routine category. Furthermore, gross motor development was normal in 24 infants (48%), gross motor development in question was in 17 infants (34%), and gross motor development was deviant in 9 infants (18%). The results of the bivariate analysis showed that 22 respondents (44%) had normal gross motor development for infants aged 3-6 months who had regular massages, 9 respondents had doubts (18%), and 2 respondents had deviations (4%). Furthermore, infants aged 3-6 months in the non-routine category with normal gross motor development were 2 respondents (4%), doubtful 8 respondents (16%), and deviant 7 respondents (14%). Then the results of the chi square test show the sig. Asyim (P-Value) of 0.000 is less than 0.05 (0.000 <0.05). Statistically, there is a relationship between infant massage and gross motor development for infants aged 3-6 months at Nareswara Mom and Baby Care, Kudus. Thus it is hoped that mothers who have babies routinely provide baby massage stimulation in order to improve the baby's gross motor development.
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Nanda, Debajyoti, and Manisha Sarkar. "Efficacy of Lacrimal Sac Massage in Management of Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction in Infants: An Observational Study of 853 Cases from a Single Institute of Eastern Asia." Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology 29, no. 4 (2022): 216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/meajo.meajo_122_23.

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Abstract: PURPOSE: Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) is the most common cause of epiphora in infants. It usually resolves completely by the end of 1st year with conservative management in most cases. Many studies have confirmed high frequency (80%–90%) of spontaneous resolution of symptoms during the 1st year of life. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the lacrimal sac massage in the treatment of CNLDO. METHODS: The study was done in a tertiary care hospital in eastern Asia over 5 years. Each infant presenting with epiphora and diagnosed as CNLDO was treated with lacrimal sac massage and reviewed after every 1 month. The resolution of CNLDO was judged by the improvement of epiphora and from the fluorescein dye disappearance test. RESULTS: Following conservative management, 740 (86.75%) infants recovered completely after 3 months of continuous lacrimal sac massvage. One hundred and five (12.31%) infants did not recover with sac massage even at 12 months, in which cases probing was done. Repeat probing was needed in six patients (0.07%). Two patients did not recover, and a dacrocystorhinostomy was carried out. About 70.6% of infants recovered within 6 months of age. Earlier the age of presentation, the lesser the morbidity. CONCLUSION: The incidence of CNLDO is about 6%–20% among infants. Several studies showed spontaneous resolution within 1st year of life. In this study, the success rate of resolution of symptoms in CNLDO with sac massage is 86.75%. Conservative management should be the first line of treatment till 12 months of age in CNLDO.
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Zulfiana, Yesvi, Nurul Fatmawati, and Siskha Maya Herlina. "Baby Massage on Gross Motor Development in Infants." Journal for Quality in Public Health 5, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 774–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/jqph.v5i2.288.

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Baby massage is very important for the baby's health. Especially if it is done by the parents themselves. So the role of parents is needed in providing massage to babies The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of infant massage on gross motoric development in infants. This study combines the meta-analysis method, which is a statistical technique to combine the results of 2 or more similar studies in order to obtain a quantitative blend of data. There are 7 journals used in this study. Where the seven are summarized briefly and can produce conclusions related to the relationship between infant massage and motor development in infants. Based on the results of research from the seven journals, it showed effective results for stimulating baby's motor development, namely baby massage.
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Somantri, Budi. "Pengaruh Terapi Pijat Bayi Terhadap Kualitas Tidur Bayi Usia 1-12 Bulan di Puskesmas." Jurnal Keperawatan 'Aisyiyah 5, no. 1 (January 23, 2019): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33867/jka.v5i1.65.

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Absract Infant mortality in Indonesia is usually caused due to a number of factors the basic needs of a infant that was not met well. One of the basic needs to sleep. Sleep will stimulate development of brain and body. A worse of quality sleep will impact to the growth of infant. One of the implementation that can improve quality of sleep thorough infant’s massage therapy. The purpose of this study was to effect of infant’s massage therapy to the quality of sleep at ages 1-12 months. The sampling technique used purposive. Total samples consisted of 30 subjects who were divided into 15 respondents as a treatment group, and 15 respondents as a control group. Each experiment group was given a massage program for 6 times in a week Inclusion criteria that mother of respondents could communicate well, cooperative, and infants who become the respondents were healthy without congenital disease or physical defect, and the ages around 1-12 months. Research method used quasi experiment and design used posttest only control group on experiment group and control group. Results of statistical tests in this study showed the significant influences and there was average quality of sleep on the experiment and the control group after infants were getting massage with p value ( ρ = 0.002) < 0.05. Based on the results of this research, it was suggested to perform the measurement of infant quality of sleep by using pre test, using more accurate parameters, and increase the number of research samples. Keywords: infant massage therapy, quality of sleep
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Apriyani, Selia, Mariyam Mariyam, Dera Alfiyanti, and Amin Samiasih. "Field Massage Improves The Life Quality Of Infant With Hyperbilirubinemia And Under Phototherapy." Media Keperawatan Indonesia 4, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/mki.4.2.2021.108-113.

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Life Quality of an infant is a multidimensional concept that involves physical, emotional, mental, social and other behavioural elements and their function, One of the efforts to maintain the quality of the infant is by field massage. Baby massage is one of the stimulus touches which is also a safe and comfortable form of communication with an infant. The objective of this research to analyze the influence of field massage on the life quality of infants with hyperbilirubinemia and under phototherapy. This research was a quasi-experimental research with one group pre-test-posttest design. with 35 respondents taken as the sample. The data was collected through direct observation on infants life quality before and after the field massage treatment with the assistant of the observation sheet. Life Quality observed include body weight, temperature, pulse, sleep duration, crying time, nighttime awakening intensity. This field massage is done 2x / day (morning and night) within 10 minutes for 2 days in certain areas namely the face chest, stomach, back. The results showed the average infant weight before the massage was 3056.74 after the massage field 3097.14, the baby's temperature before field massage was 36,640 after field massage 36,974, for infant pulse before field massage the average was 142.57 after field massage 141.66, the length of the infant sleep/day before average field massage 14.252 after field massage 16.765, the average intensity of getting up at night/day before the massage field 4.14 after massage field 3.0, the average length of crying of infant/day before the massage field 2,085 after the massage field 1,464. The results of the research showed that the Wilcoxon match pair test for the life quality of infant variable obtained p-value = 0,000 (α = 0.05) meaning that there was a significant effect of field massage on the life quality of infant with hyperbilirubinemia under phototherapy.
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Diah Budiarti and Ahmad Suryawan. "Massage stimulation’s effect on melatonin levels in preterm infants via vagal activity." Bali Medical Journal 12, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i1.3986.

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Massage stimulation has been suggested to be used to promote the growth and development of preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants. Some experts believe that infant massage can help develop the central nervous system, which increases vagal activity, improves hormone secretion, triggers the release of melatonin, and increases its production. Rhythmic endogenous melatonin secretion appears in term infants around 2-3 months of age, whereas preterm infants have delayed melatonin secretion, which persists after correction for 8 to 9 months of gestation. Massage stimulation increases vagal activity, which causes an increase in melatonin. Vagal activity then modulates pineal and extrapineal activity, resulting in melatonin production. Based on scientific evidence, current reviews suggest that massage stimulation can provide health benefits to newborns, particularly preterm infants. This article aims to review that massage stimulation can increase melatonin levels by activating vagal mechanisms.
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Situmorang, Cory Chorajon, Ni Nyoman Sri Artina Dewi, and Kristina. "Efektifitas Pijat Bayi Terhadap Durasi Menyusui Pada Bayi Usia 0-6 Bulan." JURNAL MUTIARA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT 7, no. 2 (December 20, 2022): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.51544/jmkm.v7i2.3469.

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Infant massage is a technical method in midwifery care for neonates, infants and toddlers that can increase the frequency and duration of breastfeeding so that baby will feel comfortable and calm while breastfeeding. The aim of study was to determine the effectiveness of infant massage on the quality of breastfeeding in infants aged 0-6 Month at the Mariat District Health Center Sorong Years 2022. Research Design One group pre test-post test design using 30 sampel of infant aged 0-6 Month at the Mariat Health Center, Sorong Regency. Given treatment in the form of baby massage for 2 weeks. The results showed that there was an effectiveness of infant massage against Quality of Breastfeeding in infants aged 0-6 month at the Mariat Health Center (p 0.000 < 0.05). It is better not to schedule the baby to breastfeed because if it is scheduled will affect the production and subsequent release of breast milk, give breast milk whenever the baby wants to breastfeed.
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Agustina, Rosita, Shinta Novelia, and Rini Kundaryanti. "The Effect of Baby Massage on The Sleep Duration of Infants Aged 6-12 Months." Nursing and Health Sciences Journal (NHSJ) 2, no. 4 (December 5, 2022): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.53713/nhs.v2i4.147.

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Infancy is a golden period in infant growth and development so it needs special attention. One of the factors that can affect a baby's growth and development is sleep and rest. Massage can help reduce muscle tension, so that the benefits obtained by the baby become more relaxed and sleep more soundly. Based on a preliminary study at the Karangpawitan Health Center, it was found that the number of babies who had sleep disorders was 11 babies or about 42.3% of 26 babies. The results of interviews with 10 mothers of babies, 7 people (70%) did not know about baby massage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of baby massage on the sleep duration of infants aged 6-12 months at Posyandu Cempaka, Karangsari Village, Karangpawitan District, Garut Regency. This study uses a quasi-experimental study with the one group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study was 35 infants aged 6-12 months, the sample technique used was total sampling, 5 respondents were eliminated so that the sample taken was 30 infants. The instrument used was a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed by using Paired Samples Test. The average duration of sleep for babies before being given baby massage was 12,933 and the average duration of sleep for babies after being given baby massage was 14,200. The results of the statistical test showed a p-value of 0.000 <0.05. There was an effect of baby massage on the sleep duration of infants aged 6-12 months. It is hoped that mothers can continue to massage their children by learning baby massage so that they can massage themselves at home regularly and routinely so that babies do not experience sleep disturbances and can grow and develop optimally.
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Yan, Lin. "How to Use Classical Music to Design High-quality Infant Massage Activities." Advances in Social Development and Education Research 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.61935/asder.1.1.2023.p135.

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The art of music not only has performance functions, but also has application functions, especially when combined with non-music majors and disciplines. In the field of infant care services, infant massage activities are an indispensable and important part of infant care. Many caregivers in childcare institutions or families like playing music during the massage process. However, unfortunately, most people only consider music as a background and have never thought of combining the melody, rhythm, or other musical elements of music with massage techniques to design high-quality infant massage activities, allowing infants to experience multiple sensory stimuli simultaneously, further effectively and high-quality promoting the comprehensive physical and mental development of infants. The author of this article applies professional knowledge and skills in the fields of music and infant care services, combined with practical experience, and presents detailed practical cases to conduct in-depth analysis and exploration on how to use classical music to design high-quality infant massage activities.
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Cheng, Carolynn Darrell, Anthony A. Volk, and Zopito A. Marini. "Supporting Fathering Through Infant Massage." Journal of Perinatal Education 20, no. 4 (January 2011): 200–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.20.4.200.

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Fathers may feel dissatisfied with their ability to form a close attachment with their infants in the early postpartum period, which, in turn, may increase their parent-related stress. Our study sought to determine if an infant massage intervention assisted fathers with decreasing stress and increasing bonding with their infants during this time. To address the complex father‐infant relationship, we conducted a pilot study using a mixed methodology approach. Twelve infant‐father dyads participated in the intervention, and 12 infant‐father dyads populated a wait-list control group. Paternal stress was measured using the Parenting Stress Index at baseline and at postintervention. We found infant massage instruction significantly decreased paternal stress. Our findings were also supported by the qualitative data and suggest fathers may benefit from applied postnatal education.
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Niasty Lasmy Zaen and Ria Arianti. "PENGARUH PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP KUALITAS TIDUR BAYI USIA 3-6 BULAN DI BIDAN PRAKTEK MANDIRI NURUL UMAIRA TITI PAPAN TAHUN 2019." Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan Imelda 5, no. 2 (September 28, 2019): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52943/jikebi.v5i2.389.

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Sleep is one form of baby's adaptation to the environment. Shortly after birth, babies usually sleep for 16-20 hours a day. Entering the age of 2 months the baby starts sleeping more nights than noon. Influence of infant massage on sleep quality in infants aged 3-6 months in the midwife independent practice nurul umaira in 2019, research methodology The method used in this study is Quasi Experimental Designs with nonequavalein control group types namely the experimental group and the control group in the study selected not random all mothers who have infants aged 3-6 months in the midwife independent practice nurul umaira in 2019 that is as many as 20 people whose data was taken in December 2019. Based on the Mann Withney statistical test as presented in table 4.5 obtained Z count value = 3.033 with p -value = 0.002, because of the p-value (0.002) <α (0.05), which means that there is an influence on the quality of sleep of infants aged 3-6 months who do baby massage with those who do not do baby massage. Where, the quality of sleep for infants aged 3-6 months who do baby massage is better than the quality of baby sleep that is not done baby massage. Thus it was concluded that there was a significant effect of infant massage on sleep quality of infants aged 3-6 months in the Midwife of Independent Practice Nurul Umaira in 2019.
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Sulfianti, Sulfianti, Sakinah Amir, and Sitti Asiah Yakub. "The Effect of Baby Massage on Sleep Quality of Baby Aged 1-3 Months." Journal La Medihealtico 3, no. 6 (March 1, 2023): 541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journallamedihealtico.v3i6.764.

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Sleep quality is the quality or physiological state obtained during sleep. One way to improve sleep quality is baby massage. Baby massage is a touch therapy or direct contact with the body that can provide a feeling of security and comfort to the baby. This study aims to determine the effect of infant massage on the sleep quality of infants aged 1-3 months. This study used a quasi-experimental method with a one group pre test post test design. The sampling technique in this study was non-probability sampling with purposive sampling method. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of infant massage on the sleep quality of infants aged 1-3 months in the working area of UPT Puskesmas Watampone, with the Wilcoxon test results obtained a significant number or probability value (0.001) much lower than the significant standard of 0.05 or (p < α), then H0 data is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means there is an effect of infant massage on the sleep quality of infants aged 1-3 months in the work area of the Task Implementation Unit (UPT) of the Watampone Health Center, Bone Regency.
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Mawaddah, Sofia, and Mursyidah Mursyidah. "Pijat Bayi sebagai Cara Menaikkan Berat Badan Bayi Usia 3 – 6 Bulan." Jurnal Kebidanan Malakbi 2, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 09. http://dx.doi.org/10.33490/b.v2i1.367.

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Massage has been used for medicinal purposes and has been a routine part of infant care for hundreds of years in many cultures and is one of the oldest therapeutic techniques in the world. Massage has become a component of the development of supportive care. Infant massage as a form of alternative medicine is becoming increasingly popular because of its simplicity, cost effectiveness, easy learning and can be done at home by families. Data from the Baamang II Health Center in 2017, there were 4,738 babies who weighed, the results obtained 277 babies who did not gain weight. The aim is to determine the effect of infant massage on body weight of infants aged 3 – 6 months. The method used in this research is quantitative research, quasi-experimental design with one group pretest posttest design, namely research activities that provide a pretest before being given treatment, after being given treatment then giving a final test (posttest) with a population of 98 babies weighing in the Baamang II Public Health Center in February – May 2019. The number of samples in this study were 32 infants aged 3 – 6 months at Baamang II Public Health Center. The result of the Paired T-Test statistical test shows a P-Value of 0.000 (P-Value < α 0.05) so that it can be concluded that there is an effect of infant massage on body weight of infants aged 3 – 6 months in the Baamang II Public Health Center. The conclusion is that there is an effect of the effect of infant massage on body weight of infants aged 3 – 6 months in the Baamang II Public Health Center.
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Harun, Ayatullah, Andi Ummu Salmah, Healthy Hidayanty, Suriah Suriah, Muhammad Syafar, Veni Hadju, and Muh Tahir Abdullah. "Mother’s Ability to Massage her Baby with Technical Guidance from Medical Personnel: A Systematic Review." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, F (December 12, 2021): 747–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7650.

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BACKGROUND: Baby spa is useful for baby’s growth and development. The previous research has shown that when the baby is massaged by the mother, a bond is formed between the mother and the baby compared to other people who do the massage. However, in its implementation, baby spas are often carried out by health workers. AIM: The purpose of this research is to determine the mother’s ability to do baby massage with the guidance of medical personnel. METHODS: This method of writing systematic reviews refers to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guidelines. Articles were searched in several databases ; ScienceDirect, EBSCO, PubMed, Scinapse, Google Scholar from 2011-2021. The search strategy uses the keywords Infant OR Infant Preterm OR Very Low Birth Weight infants AND Massage OR Oil Massage AND Attachment AND Growth. RESULTS: The results show the chances of success of mothers doing baby massage with the help of medical personnel, the baby massage learning media used were baby phantoms, brochures, pamphlets, and baby massage videos, and the frequency of massage for 10–15 min each time the massage. The results obtained after the mother did the baby massage were the increase in body weight, body length, arm circumference of the baby, better bonding between mother and baby, improvement in mother’s mood, and increase in mother’s positive attitude in caring for the baby. CONCLUSION: This study proves that the role of medical personnel in training baby massage to mothers is proven to be effective in increasing the ability of mothers to do baby massage.
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Tanaka, Yayoi, and Hiroko Watanabe. "Effects of One-Month Baby Massage by Mothers on Autonomic Nervous System Function and Growth Development of 4- and 5-Month-Old Infants." Women, Midwives and Midwifery 3, no. 3 (November 16, 2023): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36749/wmm.3.3.56-69.2023.

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Background: Massage has been practiced since around 3 months of age for the purpose of interacting with children, but there are few reports on its ongoing effectiveness, no unified views, and few reports on growth and development. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of massage given by mothers to their 3-month-old infants based on autonomic activity and growth development of 4- and 5-month-old infants one month later. Methods: The subjects were healthy 3-month-old infants and their mothers who were born as full-term, singleton babies. The study design was an inequivalent control group design: 25 mother-child pairs were massaged for one month and 12 mother-child pairs were not massaged. Data were collected twice, once on the first day at 3 months of age and one month later. As indicators of autonomic nervous system activity, axillary temperature before and after massage, heart rate and heart rate variability during massage were measured. As an indicator of growth, body weight was measured after the massage. As an indicator of development, mothers were asked to respond to a questionnaire (KIDS). The axillary temperature, rate of change in heart rate and heart rate variability, and KIDS scores were compared on the first day and one month later. Results: Axillary temperature and LF/HF ratio of children at 1 month were significantly lower after massage (p<0.05). Overall developmental age and expressive language domain of KIDS at 1 month were more developmental than in the non-massage group (p<0.05). Heart rate and HF were not significantly different after 1 month. Conclusion: It was found that when children received massage from their mothers for one-month, cardiac sympathetic nerve function was suppressed and the development of expressive language skills was promoted.
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Mrljak, Rebecca, Ann Arnsteg Danielsson, Gerth Hedov, and Pernilla Garmy. "Effects of Infant Massage: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11 (May 24, 2022): 6378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116378.

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Infant massage is performed in various international contexts. There is a need for an updated literature review on this topic. The purpose of the current review was to investigate the effects of infant massage. A systematic literature review was conducted to investigate the effects of infant massage on the following outcomes: pain relief, jaundice, and weight gain. The inclusion criteria were infants from 0–12 months. The literature search was performed until January 2022, using the CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycINFO databases, and included studies published from 2017–2021, returning 16 RCT/CCT studies with a total of 1416 participating infants. A review template was used by two independent reviewers to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. The results were synthesized and presented in the form of tables and narratives. In five of seven studies (n = 422 resp. n = 717) investigating pain relief, infant massage was found to alleviate pain. In all six studies (n = 455) investigating effects on infant massage and jaundice, beneficial effects were found on bilirubin levels. In all four studies (n = 244) investigating weight gain, increased weight gain was found among participants who received infant massage. The present literature review provides an indication of the current state of knowledge about infant massage and identifies its positive effects; however, the results must be interpreted with caution. Infant massage may be effective at relieving pain, improving jaundice, and increasing weight gain. Although statistically significant differences were not found between all experimental and control groups, no adverse effects of infant massage were observed. By placing the aforementioned effects in the context of child health care, infant massage may prove beneficial on these outcomes. Given the dearth of research on infant massage in the context of child health care, further research is warranted.
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Erlina, Erlina, Fatiyani Fatiyani, and Nizan Mauyah. "Pijat Bayi terhadap Kualitas Tidur pada Bayi Usia 1-12 Bulan." Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari 6, no. 2 (March 10, 2023): 1322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/jks.v6i2.5469.

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This study aims to determine the effect of infant massage on the sleep quality of infants aged 1-12 months in Langa Village, Syamtalira Bayu District, North Aceh District. The research method was pre-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The study found that 92% of mothers did not massage their babies, with the pre-test results for the quality of their baby's sleep in the "Enough" and "Not enough" conditions. After the baby massage treatment, 100% of the babies experienced an increase in sleep quality to a 100% "Good" state. The results of the bivariate test obtained a p-value = 0.000. In conclusion, infant massage affects the sleep quality of infants aged 1-12 months in Langa Village, Syamtalira Bayu District, and North Aceh District. Keywords: Babies, Sleep Quality, Baby Massage
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Maziyah, Alfi, Diyah Fatmasari, Desak Made Wenten Parwati, and Rr Sri Endang Pujiastuti. "THE IMPACT OF COMBINATION OF BREASTFEEDING AND EFFLEURAGE MASSAGE IN REDUCING PAIN RESPONSE IN INFANTS INDUCED BY BLOOD SAMPLING IN C-REACTIVE PROTEIN TEST: AN OBSERVATIONAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY." Belitung Nursing Journal 4, no. 2 (May 11, 2018): 242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33546/bnj.353.

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Background: C-reactive protein test is one of clinical assessments to minimize risks of infection in infants. However, its procedure may cause pain. Pain in the infant may result in negative metabolic behavior, physiology and metabolic response. Objective: This study was to describe the infant's pain response by administering a combination of breastfeeding and an effleurage massage on the blood sampling procedure of C-reactive protein examination. Methods: This was a descriptive observational cross-sectional study. There were 30 infants selected using consecutive sampling technique, which 15 samples assigned in an intervention group (combination of breastfeeding and effleurage massage) and a control group. Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) instrument was used to measure pain. Univariate analysis was performed with the aim to describe data in mean and median.Results: The average of pain response at 1-minute observation in the combination of breastfeeding and effleurage massage group was 7.47 ± 1.356, and the average of pain response in the control group was 10.80 ± 1.897. The average pain at 5-minutes in the intervention group was 3.53 ± 1.922 and control group was 6.00 ± 1.852. Conclusions: Pain responses in the combination of breastfeeding and effleurage massage group were lower than the pain response in the control group.
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Suryati, Suryati, Naelatur Rizqiyah, and Eka Oktavianto. "Pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap peningkatan kualitas tidur bayi usia 3-10 bulan di Desa Tamanan wilayah kerja Puskesmas Banguntapan II." Riset Informasi Kesehatan 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30644/rik.v8i1.215.

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Background: every parent wants a child who can grow and develop optimally according to its age category. One of the factors that can influence growth and development is the quality of sleep, due to 75% growth hormone produced when the baby sleeps. Sleep quality of babies can be stimulated through the act of giving massage baby. Objective: this study aims to determine the effect of infant massage on improvement the quality of sleep for infants aged 3-10 months in a village of Banguntapan Public Health Center II. Research method: this research is a pre-experiment research with an approach in one group (one-group pre-post test design without control). Data analysis used is the Wilcoxon test. This research was carried out in the Working Area Village Banguntapan II Health Center, with a population of 64 infants aged 3-10 months. Technique sampling using purposive sampling, which is the number of 15 babies aged 3-10 month. Providing education and demonstration of baby massage is done once, then massage done by parents of babies every day within 3 weeks, and observed by researchers every 2 days. Sleep quality was measured using the A Brief Screening Questionnaire For Infant Sleep Problems (BISQ). Results: Before being given massage the majority of the quality of bad baby sleep was 14 respondents (93.3%), then after being given massage for 3 weeks there was an increase in quality sleep where all babies have good sleep quality of 15 respondents (100%). Comparative test results infant massage between before and after massage is p value 0.000 (p value <0.005). Conclusion: there is the effect of infant massage on improving the quality of sleep for infants aged 3-10 months at Village of Bangutapan II Health Center.
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Wahyuni, Dwi Reza, and Restu Khoiriah. "PENGARUH PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP KENAIKAN BERAT BADAN PADA BAYI USIA KURANG DARI 6 BULAN TAHUN 2022." Bunda Edu-Midwifery Journal (BEMJ) 6, no. 2 (August 31, 2023): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54100/bemj.v6i2.115.

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Infant massage is a direct contact touch therapy with the body that can provide a sense of security and comfort for babies. The purpose of the study to determine the effect of infant massage on weight gain in infants less than 6 months in PMB E. This study uses a quasi-experimental approach with a pre-post-test design approach. To see the effect before and after the intervention given by the researcher. Based on the results of the study, it showed that there was an effect between giving baby massage before and after the baby's weight less than 6 months in PMB E. This is evidenced from the results of the analysis which shows that the p-value less than 0.005. there is an effect of infant massage on the weight gain of infants less than 6 months in
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Aswitami, Gusti Ayu Pramita, and Ni Putu Mirah Yunita Udayani. "PENGARUH PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP DURASI TIDUR PADA BAYI UMUR 1-3 BULAN." Care : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan 7, no. 2 (July 12, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33366/jc.v7i2.1035.

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Sleep is the baby's main requirement because when the baby falls asleep growth and development will be optimal and there will be an increase in brain function and body metabolism. In infants aged 1-3 months have a sleep duration of 14 hours-18 hours per day. Baby's growth and development will be less optimal if there is a sleep disorder. Baby massage is one way to overcome the problem of sleeping in a baby. Baby massage is a gentle rubbing motion on the surface of the baby's body from face to foot. This massage will help relax the baby's muscles and facilitate blood circulation so that the baby becomes calmer and sleeps more soundly. This study aims to determine the effect of infant massage on sleep duration in infants aged 1-3 months. The design of this study used a pre-experimental design with the design of one group pretest-posttest design without a control group. Samples are infants aged 1-3 months, totaling 42 people selected by purposive sampling. The variables measured in this study were infant massage and sleep duration. This study used a statistical test paired t-test (a = 0.05). The results of this study are that there is an effect of infant massage on the duration of infant sleep, this is confirmed by the value of Wilcoxon test with sig 0,000 which then tested the hypothesis with a value of α = 0.05. With a sig value of 0,000
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Atika, Lilik Djuari, Daffa Ardhi Bachtiar, Annisa Maya Sabrina, Hafizh Al Ghifari Manaf, Naufal Agus Ismahendra, Mochammad Ridhwan Soediono, Sitti Khofifah Yuliana, Muhammad Farras Razaan, and Yustika Ayoustira Karim. "The Influence of Intant Massage to Weight Gains in Low Birth Weight Infant (LBW) : A Systematic Review." Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health Research 5, no. 1 (May 29, 2024): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jcmphr.v5i1.48642.

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Growth and development is a significant phase that cannot be replicated, underscoring the need for meticulous attention, particularly for those born with low birth weight (LBW). LBW can be stimulated using infant massage. This research aimed to evaluate the impact of infant massage on weight gain among LBW infants. This is a systematic review using PICOS framework, investigating studies from 2018 to 2023 in databases including Cochrane, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria involved full-text access and the keywords low birth weight, weight gain, and massage. The initial search yielded 1913 literature, which were screened based on publication year and type, resulting in 122 articles. After being examined, 119 articles were excluded due to duplication, using non-English language, involving non-LBW, different outcomes, and non-RCT, leaving three articles. The assessment of literature quality was conducted using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses. The results of outcome measurements and group comparisons across the three studies exhibited congruence. In conclusion, the finding indicated that infants who underwent massage intervention exhibited weight gain, as did those who did not undergo such intervention. Furthermore, infants who received massage intervention experienced a more pronounced increase in weight compared to their counterparts who did not undergo massage intervention.
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Doko, Tabita Mariana, Kun Aristiati, and Suhoryo Hadisaputro. "Pengaruh Pijat Oksitosin oleh Suami terhadap Peningkatan Produksi Asi pada Ibu Nifas." Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari 2, no. 2 (May 16, 2019): 66–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/jks.v2i2.529.

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The purpose of this study was to prove and verify the effect of oxytocin massage by the husband on increasing milk production in postpartum mothers. The method in this study uses a quasy experimental method with a non equivalent control group design approach. The results of the study, the administration of oxytocin massage by the husband affected the increased production of breast milk (ASI) with indicators of infant weight (p <0.05), frequency of breastfeeding (p <0.05), length of sleep of infants (p <0.05), frequency of discharges baby defecate (BAB) (p <0.05), frequency of urination of infants (BAK) (p <0.05), and resting mother's sleep (p <0.05). Conclusion, giving oxytocin massage by the husband can increase the production of Breast Milk (ASI) in postpartum mothers seen by the weight of the baby today, frequency of breastfeeding, length of sleep of infants, frequency of defecation of infants (BAB), frequency of defecation of infants (BAK) ), and resting mother's sleep. Keywords: Postpartum Mother, Oxytocin Massage by Husband, Breast Milk Production (ASI)
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Intanai, Nuthcharin, Tipawan Daramas, and Autchareeya Patoomwan. "Effects of Mothers’ Infant Massage on Bilirubin Levels and Re-hospitalization for Hyperbilirubinemia: A Quasi-experimental Study." Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research 28, no. 3 (June 27, 2024): 676–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.60099/prijnr.2024.268257.

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Hyperbilirubinemia is a physiological health problem of newborn infants, mostly occurring in the first week of life, which can delay development or cause disabilities or death. Massaging newborn infants early after delivery can promote bilirubin excretion and reduce hyperbilirubinemia. This quasi-experimental study aimed to determine the effect of infant massage performed by mothers on bilirubin levels and re-hospitalization for hyperbilirubinemia. The study was conducted at an obstetrics and gynecology ward of a secondary hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. The participants were 30 paired full-term infants and mothers who met the inclusion criteria. The experimental group (n = 15) received body massage performed by their mother for 15 minutes twice a day for four consecutive days, while the control group (n = 15) received only usual care. The transcutaneous bilirubin levels were recorded at 6, 48, and 96 hours after birth. Data on re-hospitalization with hyperbilirubinemia were recorded on Day 7 after birth and analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA. The results revealed that the infants who received the massage had significantly lower mean bilirubin levels than those in the control group. However, there was no difference in the re-hospitalization with hyperbilirubinemia between the groups. In addition, the frequency of defecation on the first and fourth days in the experimental group was significantly greater than in the control group. The present study’s result indicated that mothers’ infant massage can help reduce bilirubin levels in full-term infants. The findings hold promise for nurses to integrate infant massage in training mothers at an early stage after birth for the prevention of hyperbilirubinemia in newborn infants. However, further testing with a larger sample size and randomized controlled trials are needed.
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Sindhura Dk, Siri, and Vikas Jain. "INFANT’S SKIN AND CARE NEEDS WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION TO FORMULATION ADDITIVES." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i12.27384.

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Infancy is the time of adaptation from intrauterine life to the rather dry and cold, environment. Infant skin is more sensitive due to the immature immune system, hence, effortlessly prone to complications. Children from different age groups face diverse skin problems such as cradle cap, infant eczema, diaper rash, prickly heat, and many more. During early infancy, the products such as mild cleansers and lotions are used, and later, massage oils, creams, lotions, soaps, bubble bath, and other products are utilized for another few years, as a part of routine care. The preterm infants are more prone to skin damage and percutaneous toxicity from topically applied products. The ingredients incorporated in infant care products require special attention while choosing a product for them. Topical application of any such product requires thorough screening for potentially harmful ingredients before its exposure to the infant’s skin. Products used for infants should be safe and restricted of fragrance, coloring agents, parabens, plant oils, extracts, and other obnoxious ingredients. The literature is flooded with the list of safer excipients that can be utilized for the development of skin care products for infants and children.
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Sinulingga, Selpyani, and Sirly Patriani. "Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu terhadap Pelaksanaan Pijat Bayi di PMB Muzilatul Nisma Kota Jambi." Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi 12, no. 2 (September 19, 2023): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.36565/jab.v12i2.627.

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Baby care in health sciences, especially midwifery, there is many of kinds that use to maintain the health of babies from newborns to 12 months of age. One of baby care is baby massage. Baby massage is an art of health care that is touch therapy with specialy techniques that given to babies there for the benefits of treatment and health are achieved. This research is quantitative with cross sectional approach. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mother's knowledge and attitudes towards the implementation of infant massage for infants 0-12 months at PMB Muzilatul Nisma Jambi City. The data collection of mother's knowledge and attitudes towards the implementation of infant massage was collected by a questionnaire. The population in this study were all mothers with babies 0-12 months who visited PMB Muzilatul Nisma totaling 80 people with a sample of 45 peoples. The sampling technique is accidental sampling. Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate using chi square statistical test. The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge and massage in infants aged 0-12 months with p-value = 0.039. Beside that, there is a relationship between mother's attitude and baby massage in infants aged 0-12 months with a P-value = 0.012. From the results of this study, it is hoped that health workers and midwifery service providers will be more active in providing education to the public about baby massage.
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