Academic literature on the topic 'Massively Open Online Courses (MOOC)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Massively Open Online Courses (MOOC)"
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Galizina, Elena Grigorievna, Anna Borisovna Feoktistova, Sergey Anatolyevich Makushkin, Irina Eduardovna Korotaeva, Elena Yurievna Kartseva, and Natalia Udaltsova. "Customer-Oriented Aggregators of Massive Open Online Courses: Opportunities and Prospects." Webology 18, SI05 (2021): 420–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si05/web18238.
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In recent years, the number of online courses known as massive open online courses (MOOC) has increased significantly. Such courses are available on online providers’ sites, such as edX and Coursera. As a result, there is a notable reduction of clarity in terms of various course offerings, and this causes a need to change the MOOC description schemes to help inform potential applicants. The article is aimed at identifying the capabilities of customer-oriented MOOC aggregators and the prospects for their further improvement. The article presents approaches to the concept of customer focus, based on which the definition of a customer-oriented aggregator is formulated. The article analyses course descriptions used by MOOC providers and aggregators for their potential students. Based on this analysis, the authors develop a set of categories describing MOOC, used for the creation of a new MOOC description according to the customer-oriented criteria. The authors conclude that the optimal descriptive MOOC scheme on the MOOC aggregator should satisfy both the academic environment and the customer-oriented criteria that correspond to students’ interests when choosing a MOOC.
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Mrázek, Michal. "Massive open online courses "MOOC" - how searching courses." e-Pedagogium 19, no. 1 (2019): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5507/epd.2019.007.
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Dumbraveanu, Roza. "Cursuri Masive Online Deschise în dezvoltarea profesională a cadrelor didactice." Revistă de Ştiinţe Socio-Umane = Journal of Social and Human Sciences 44, no. 1 (2020): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/jshs.2020.v44.i1.p4-11.
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Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) represent one of the opportunities for the professional development of the teachers. The concept of MOOCs is new for teachers, the level of awareness on availability and usage of MOOCs is quite low among them. The paper investigates the challenges related with delivering MOOCs for the professional teacher development.
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R. Drake, John, Margaret T. O'Hara, and Elaine Seeman. "Five Principles for MOOC Design: With a Case Study." Journal of Information Technology Education: Innovations in Practice 14 (2015): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2250.
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New web technologies have enabled online education to take on a massive scale, prompting many universities to create massively open online courses (MOOCs) that take advantage of these technologies in a seemingly effortless manner. Designing a MOOC, however, is anything but trivial. It involves developing content, learning activities, and assessments to accommodate both the massiveness and openness of the course. To design an effective MOOC, instructors need to integrate both pedagogical and information systems theory. In this paper, we present a case study of a MOOC grant and a series of decisions made in its development. These decisions, when paired with the theoretical framework, suggest five principles – meaningful, engaging, measurable, accessible, and scalable – may be applicable to future MOOC development projects.
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Aziz, Anealka. "Evaluating the Design Standard of UiTM Massive Open Online Courses." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 6, no. 4 (2018): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.6n.4p.138.
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Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) was one of the initiatives of the Malaysia Ministry of Education to ensure the standard of our national education system was at par with the global education trends. This initiative was documented in Malaysian Education Blueprint 2015 -2025 (Higher Education, Shift No.9: Globalised Online Learning). Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) was among the public universities in Malaysia that were seriously involved in MOOC development. Starting with one MOOC in 2014, four MOOCs in 2015, 16 MOOCs in 2016, UiTM embarked into developing 450 new MOOCs in 2017. To ensure UiTM MOOC had achieved the required standard and quality of Malaysian MOOC, an internal guideline for UiTM MOOC Development (i-Learn Centre, 2016) was constructed. The construction of the guideline was based on the standard provided by the Guidelines of Development and Delivery of Malaysian MOOC (KPT, 2017). Some additional elements required by the administrator of UiTM MOOC were also added. The study was interested to determine whether the MOOCs developed by UiTM lecturers complied with the standard of UiTM MOOC and ultimately the Malaysian MOOC. It was also interested to determine the readiness of UiTM MOOC for credit transfer. To do that, a UiTM MOOC Evaluation Checklist was introduced. The checklist consisted of 45 questions which were constructed based on the guideline on UiTM MOOC Development (i-Learn Centre, 2016) and the Guidelines for Credit Transfer for MOOC (MQA, 2016). The study evaluated two active UiTM MOOCs in terms of adherence to the standard of UiTM MOOC. The findings of the study highlighted areas to be improved and provided suggestions to increase readiness for MOOC credit transfer.
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Liyanagunawardena, Tharindu R., Karsten O. Lundqvist, and Shirley A. Williams. "Massive Open Online Courses and Economic Sustainability." European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning 18, no. 2 (2015): 95–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eurodl-2015-0015.
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Abstract Millions of users around the world have registered on Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) offered by hundreds of universities (and other organizations) worldwide. Creating and offering these courses costs thousands of pounds. However, at present, revenue generated by MOOCs is not sufficient to offset these costs. The sustainability of MOOCs is a pressing concern as they incur not only upfront creation costs but also maintenance costs to keep content relevant, as well as on-going facilitation support costs while a course is running and re-running. At present, charging a fee for certification seems to be a popular business model adopted by leading platform providers. In this position paper, the authors explore possible business models for courses, along with their advantages and disadvantages, by conducting a literature study and applying personal insights gained from attending various MOOC discussion fora. Some business models discussed here are: the Freemium model, sponsorships, initiatives and grants, donations, merchandise, the sale of supplementary material, selective advertising, data-sharing, follow-on events, and revenue from referrals. This paper looks at the sustainability of MOOCS as opposed to the sustainability of MOOC platforms, while observing the tight link between them.
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Lachaud, Léa, and Charles Tijus. "Massive Online Open Courses: Features for Understanding and Learning." Educational Innovations and Emerging Technologies 2, no. 2 (2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35745/eiet2022v02.02.0001.
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Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) are based on digital cognitive technologies that serve the education of the greatest number by promoting understanding and learning. Combined with appropriate functionalities, methods, and procedures, MOOCs may become Smart Things with intelligent devices at the service of learners. This article aims to introduce to the education community a method for defining and evaluating the exemplary nature of MOOCs as Smart Things that have a user-centric design based on utility, acceptability, accessibility, usability, and ergonomic criteria. The procedure implemented in the following three-phase study is a Human Centered Design based co-construction of an exemplary MOOC for user-learners and designers. In the first phase, a brainstorming study is carried out to define the exemplary MOOC as a Smart Thing by collecting and establishing indicators according to their contribution to the exemplary MOOC. In the second phase, the construction of evaluation tools is studied to assess the exemplary nature of the MOOC by testing 29 indicators and their weights. The third phase is for a focus group study about the evaluation of the learnability of MOOCs produced by learners and designers’ cooperation. The results of the study lead to a series of recommendations aimed at promoting the design of exemplary MOOCs.
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Chabriere, Eric, and Philippe Parola. "Malaria: Massive open online courses MOOC." Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 14, no. 6 (2016): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2016.10.012.
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Ryzhenkov, Anton Vladimirovich, Vladimir Anatolevich Dashkovskii, and Mikhail Anatolevich Vinnik. "Massive open online courses and russian education system." Moscow University Pedagogical Education Bulletin, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.51314/2073-2635-2016-1-75-87.
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The analysis platforms massive public online courses (MOOC), identified the advantages and disadvantages MOOC. We propose a way of further development and improvement of MOOC. The role of educational and scientific films in MOOC. A model scheme of the system on-line education with the use of mass open online courses, the implementation of which it is possible to eliminate the inherent disadvantages of massive online courses: a low level of socialization and personal contact students and faculty, low student motivation and excessive fragmentation, fragmented, unsystematic nature of learning within one specialty. The role of educational trajectories in the construction of distance education programs and MOOC in particular. The methods of construction of educational trajectories based on individual characteristics and wishes of the student have been proposed. Attention is given to promising areas: mind-fitness and gamefication. Formulate rules for building online educational systems with MOOC. The basic rules for writing an instructional video and the system as a response to the authors of the course, and for students to be able to improve the video course have been formulated.
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El Emrani, Soumaya, Ali El Merzouqi, and Mohamed Khaldi. "Massive Online Open Courses Platforms." International Journal of Smart Education and Urban Society 10, no. 1 (2019): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijseus.2019010103.
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This article presents a comparative and analytical study that was carried out for six massive online open course (MOOC) platforms: Coursera, edX, Udacity, Canvas, FutureLearn and Riwaq. The main objective of this article was to analyze the attitudes, perspectives, and different technical and pedagogical characteristics of these platforms. This analysis was achieved by examining a sample of 16 courses from these platforms in the fields of: computing sciences, business, art and humanities. The results show the differences and similarities among these platforms in terms of interface ergonomics and interface reliability, computing tools, information systems, costs, course duration, variety of learning activities and pedagogical components, evaluation types, social interaction, and the degree of instructors' participation. This has helped us to finally choose the platform on which our Adaptive Connectivist MOOC (ACM) approach can be applied.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Massively Open Online Courses (MOOC)"
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Kelle, Sebastian, Jens Voegler, Gerhard Weber, and Gottfried Zimmermann. "Barrierefreiheit im MOOC." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-181570.
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Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) sind darauf ausgelegt, im tertiären Bildungsbereich den Wissenserwerb zu fördern, ohne dass die formalen Strukturen einer Ausbildungseinrichtung relevant sind. Dazu werden die Teilnehmer nicht persönlich von Dozenten betreut, sondern sind selbstgesteuert, oder werden durch kollaborative Lernmethoden aktiviert. Der Leistungszwang ist daher geringer, die Anzahl derjenigen, die Kurse abbrechen, jedoch ungleich höher. Durchschnittlich schließen maximal 10% der Teilnehmer ihren MOOC-Kurs ab.
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CARVALHO, LUIS FELIPE SAO THIAGO DE. "MEDIATION OF MASSIVE ONLINE OPEN COURSES (MOOC) AND THEIR EFFECTS ON STUDENT PARTICIPATION AND PERFORMANCE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=36327@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>Conduzimos uma pesquisa de campo a partir de um curso online aberto e massivo (MOOC), realizado no último trimestre de 2017, utilizando o ambiente virtual de aprendizagem da PUC-Rio. A partir da experiência com este curso, estudamos a dinâmica de participação dos alunos nas atividades pedagógicas e os efeitos no desempenho, baseados em exames de avaliação. Também estudamos a interação entre os participantes do curso a partir dos fóruns de discussão com o apoio de um mediador. Um grupo de controle sem a participação do mediador foi criado, para viabilizar um estudo comparativo de resultados. Além disso, ampliamos o estudo para avaliar também possíveis efeitos do mediador no comportamento dos alunos nas atividades didáticas do curso. Ao final traçamos um perfil dos alunos do curso e realizamos comparações com cursos MOOC realizados por outras instituições de ensino.<br>We conducted a field study from a massive open online course (MOOC), held in the last quarter of 2017, using PUC-Rio s virtual learning platform. From the experience with this course, we studied the dynamics of students participation on the course activities and the effects on performance in the evaluation. We also studied the interaction between course participants on discussion forums with the support of a mediator. A control group without the participation of the mediator was created, to make feasible a comparative study of results. In addition, we extended the study to evaluate possible mediator effects on student behavior in other course activities. At the end we draw a profile of the students of the course and compared with MOOC courses conducted by other educational institutions.
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Johansson, Sara, and Inka Frolov. "An Adaptable Usability Checklist for MOOCs : A usability evaluation instrument for Massive Open Online Courses." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-90330.
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The purpose of this study was to develop a list of usability guidelines, i.e. a usability checklist, which can assist in evaluating the usability of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) user interfaces. Interviews were conducted to help understand their context of use and to find design focus points for the evaluation of MOOCs interface. These design focus points were then inspected for usability issues with Jakob Nielsen’s usability inspection method - heuristic evaluation - using author’s own set of 10 usability heuristics. The study reveals two main findings. Firstly, the context of use of MOOCs differs from a regular university course in the manner of how users perceive and approach them. And secondly, the usability checklist has to be adaptable and up-to-date in order to support the constant change of context of use of MOOCs. The combination of both findings is what makes this study not just another checklist, but a valid contribution to the understanding of MOOCs and the research field in HCI.
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Bremer, Claudia, and David Weiß. "Massive Open Online Courses: Kategorisierung und Analyse des Teilnehmerverhaltens am Beispiel der OPCOs 2011 und 2012." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-126178.
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Ziel des Beitrags ist, einen Überblick über aktuelle Entwicklungen und Ausprägungen von MOOCs sowie die Erfahrungen und Ergebnisse aus der Untersuchung von zwei MOOCs vorzustellen, die 2011 und 2012 durchgeführt wurden. Besondere Schwerpunkte liegen dabei auf der Bedeutung und Ausprägung der Beteiligungsformen in den verschiedenen MOOC-Formaten, der Beteiligung in den beiden untersuchten MOOCs sowie auf deren Unterschiede auch aufgrund von Veränderungen des Kursdesigns.
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Kahnwald, Nina, Anja Lorenz, Daniela Pscheida, and Andrea Lißner. "Studierende als Zielgruppe von Open Online Courses: Potenziale und Herausforderungen am Beispiel des SOOC13." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-126160.
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Massive Open Online Courses, kurz MOOCs, zählen laut Horizon-Report 2013 zu den aktuellen Schlüsseltrends im Bereich des onlinebasierten Lernens und gelten als eines der wichtigsten neuen Bildungskonzepte. (...)
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SADEHVANDI, NIKAN. "An Empirical Study on the Effects of Pedagogical Intervention on Improving the Quality of Peer Assessment in Massive Open Online Courses." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/243287.
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Bryant, Martha Guidry. "The Development of the Massive Open Online Course Virtual Learning Environment Scale (MVLE) and Model to Measure Satisfaction of MOOC Online Learning Courses in Higher Education| A Mixed Methods Study." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10617545.
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<p> Information technology is not new to academia. Numerous educators and research scholars studying the usefulness of digital technologies in the classroom seek to determine whether the underlying pedagogies effectively bridge the gap between quality of instruction, student engagement, and eventual acceptance of the technology tool in use. With the increase and sophistication in the delivery of online courses in colleges across the country, we now see the recent emergence of an online course structure called Massive Open Online Courses, MOOCs (Sandeen, 2014). MOOCs have intensified the interest and desire for students and universities to become engaged in educational opportunities by thinking of new and advanced systems for content delivery. The purpose of this study was (1) to explore student perceptions of the MOOC Virtual Learning Environment Scale or MVLE, characteristics including general systems, pedagogy, social presence, individual characteristics and satisfaction, (2) to examine the interrelationships between theorized MOOC virtual learning environment technology constructs, (3) to develop a conceptual model of the MVLE to create and validate a MOOC Virtual Learning scale, and (4) to understand administrator’s perceptions of the characteristics of MOOCs and their futuristic views of MOOCs. The major findings for this study are: (1) the MVLE model is an appropriate scale to measure MOOC design, implementation and evaluation, (2) the creation of a more “learner focused” approach to MOOCs that includes a definition of the MOOC learner is important to understanding MOOC course designs and their impact within a virtual learning environment, and (3) the characteristics of higher education leaders as it relates to MOOC development must be transformational with a shared vision among university stakeholders, staff, faculty, and the community that must be sustained through ongoing support both academically and financially.</p><p>
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Knöös, Johanna, and Siri Amanda Rääf. "Sentiment Analysis of MOOC learner reviews : What motivates learners to complete a course?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105919.
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In the last decade, development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) thatsupports online learning has increased the demand for e-learning and Massive Open OnlineCourses (MOOCs). Despite their increased popularity, MOOCs are struggling with highdropout rates and only a small percentage of learners complete the courses they enrolled in. Thepurpose of this thesis is to gain knowledge about MOOC learner behaviour. The aim of thestudy is to identify the motivations of learners and how these differ between learners whocompleted a course and those who dropped out. Research on MOOC learners has mostly beencarried out using a quantitative approach. While quantitative methodologies are effective inhandling the large amount of data produced by MOOCs, qualitative methods can give deeperinsights into online learners’ motivations. Therefore, this thesis employs an explanatorysequential mixed methods research, in which sentiment analysis and topic modeling of learnerreviews from the platform Coursera are further explained by qualitative interviews with MOOClearners. In the study 28,000 reviews scraped from five courses within the fields of data sciencewere analyzed and ten interviews were held with learners who either completed, dropped outfrom or both completed and dropped out from a MOOC. In the quantitative analysis nine coursefactors were found that learners wrote about: content, delivery, assessment, learning experience,tools, video material, teaching style, instructor skills and course provider. In addition, eighteenthemes were yielded from the interviews: self-discipline, just for fun, certificates, personaldevelopment, knowledge, career, time, equipment, practical exercise, interaction, instructor,reality, structure, external material, cost, community, degree of difficulty and other. In thediscussion the empirical findings are reflected upon using the theoretical framework of theresearch and the literature review. The result does not reveal any differences in motivationsbetween learners who completed a course and those who dropped out, however, it does identifyfactors that caused learners’ to drop out and the topics that most negative learner reviews wereabout. This research contributes to the body of knowledge in the field of research on MOOClearner retention and motivations. The topic is relevant for research in education informaticsand for continued improvements in delivery of MOOCs.
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Silva, Patrícia Grasel da. "Aprendizagens em massive open online course (MOOC)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/168812.
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Diante de uma sociedade conectada, em que as trocas sociais ganham dimensão através da internet, nos propomos a estudar sobre aprendizagens em Massive Open On-line Course (MOOC), mais especificamente sobre os intercâmbios sociais que implicam para a aprendizagem social. Objetivo trata de identificar as interações que emergem das trocas sociais estabelecidas entre os alunos através da comunicação escrita nos fóruns, além de verificar os desdobramentos dos possíveis intercâmbios nas aprendizagens sociais e analisar as possíveis contribuições das interações para aprendizagens em contexto a distância. Para tanto, analisamos postagens dos alunos em fóruns de discussões, dentro de uma proposta pedagógica de MOOC - Aprendendo a Aprender, da Universidade Califórnia, em San Diego – A metodologia configura-se como uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa, que teve como cenário aproximadamente 4.000 pessoas matriculadas, o que contribuiu para método de análise de redes sociais (ARS) e de mineração de dados. O MOOC com duração prevista de 4 semanas foi acompanhado pela pesquisadora durante 3 meses consecutivos. O que nos permitiu descobrir o papel social do MOOC e o papel assumido pelos alunos dentro dessa proposta, que emerge das relações entre os sujeitos com os processos educacionais. O resultado desta pesquisa nos leva a acreditar que mesmo diante de uma sociedade conectada o MOOC é mais uma proposta de compartilhamento de conteúdo e consulta de material de estudo. No entanto, ao que tange a promoção de intercâmbios sociais há evidências da necessidade e presença da mediação pedagógica. No estudo realizado identificou-se que as trocas sociais estabelecidas dentro do MOOC são mínimas diante da dimensão do alcance do conteúdo e do número expressivo de alunos matriculados. No entanto, isso não desqualifica o MOOC como espaço para aprendizagens, apenas destaca limitações referente a interação quando se tem uma rede complexa, com número massivo de sujeitos. Fica à percepção de que a mediação do professor continua a ser fundamental para as interações dos alunos através de tecnologias digitais. A educação – ainda pautada em um paradigma tradicional – precisa descobrir possibilidades metodológicas advindas do ensino a distância, on-line e/ou híbrido. O desafio é conceber espaços de aprendizagens que possibilitem a mediação entre sujeito e objeto de conhecimento.<br>Faced with a connected society, where social exchanges take on a dimension through the internet, we propose to study about learning in the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC), more specifically the social exchanges that imply for social learning. Objective is to identify the interactions that emerge from the social exchanges established among the students through written communication in the forums, as well as to verify the unfolding of the possible exchanges in the social learning and to analyze the possible contributions of the interactions for learning in a distance context. To do so, we analyzed students' postings in discussion forums, within a pedagogical proposal of MOOC - Learning to Learn, of the University California, in San Diego - The methodology is configured as a qualitative-quantitative research, which had as scenario approximately 4,000 People enrolled, which contributed to the method of analysis of social networks (ARS) and data mining. The MOOC with a predicted duration of 4 weeks was followed by the researcher for 3 consecutive months. This allowed us to discover the social role of the MOOC and the role assumed by the students within this MOOC proposal, which emerges from the relations between the subjects and the educational processes. The result of this research leads us to believe that even before a connected society the MOOC is more a proposal of sharing of content and consultation of study material. However, regarding the promotion of social exchanges there is evidence of the need and presence of pedagogical mediation. In the study carried out, it was identified that the social exchanges established within the MOOC are minimal due to the size of the reach of the content and the expressive number of students enrolled. However, this does not disqualify the MOOC as a learning space, it only highlights limitations regarding interaction when one has a complex network with a massive number of subjects. It stands to reason that teacher mediation remains central to students' interactions through digital technologies. Education - still based on a traditional paradigm - needs to discover methodological possibilities arising from distance learning, online and hybrid. The challenge is to design spaces of learning that allow the mediation between subject and object of knowledge.
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Lißner, Andrea, Marlen Dubrau, Daniela Pscheida, and Anja Lorenz. "Massive Open Online Course made in Saxony." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-125286.
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Massive Open Online Courses, sogenannte MOOCs sind offene und über das Internet für jeden kostenfrei zugängliche Kurse, die hierdurch oft eine Vielzahl an Teilnehmenden erreichen. Alle Beteiligten lernen gemeinsam, jedoch mit verschiedensten persönlichen Zielen. Die Inhalte werden nicht ausschließlich von den Veranstalter/inne/n vorgegeben, sondern können zudem auch von den Teilnehmenden erweitert und geteilt werden.
Mit dem SOOC13, dem Saxon Open Online Course, wurde einer der aktuellsten und vieldiskutierten Trends [1] im E-Learning im Sommersemester 2013 von den Technischen Universitäten in Chemnitz und Dresden sowie der Universität Siegen aufgegriffen, praktisch erprobt und evaluiert. Der Kreis der Teilnehmenden bestand dabei nicht nur aus Studierenden, vielmehr waren mit dem Kurs explizit auch Lehrende sowie andere Hochschulmitarbeiter/innen angesprochen. Als konnektivistischer Open Online Course war der SOOC13 zudem offen für alle Interessierten innerhalb der Netz-Community.
Als Methode der Leistungserbringung und -bewertung kamen E-Portfolios zum Einsatz, welche formative Feedback- und Beurteilungsprozesse zulassen. Lernende erstellen Lernprodukte (Artefakte), reflektieren über Lernziele, -verhalten und -fortschritte und teilen die Ergebnisse mit anderen Teilnehmenden in Form von Blogeinträgen, Tweets oder Facebook-Posts. Gegenseitiges Feedback und Hinweise durch die Veranstalter/innen führen zu ausgiebigen Diskussionen und kritischen Auseinandersetzungen.
Books on the topic "Massively Open Online Courses (MOOC)"
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MOOCs - Massive Open Online Courses: Offene Bildung oder Geschäftsmodell? Waxmann, 2013.
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Sarmento, Anabela, and Paula Peres. Furthering higher education possibilities through massive open online courses. Information Science Reference, 2015.
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Yuan, Yanyue. Scoping Studies as an Approach to Analyze Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529604238.
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Invasion of the MOOCS: The promises and perils of massive open online courses. Parlor Press, 2014.
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McKay, Elspeth. Macro-level learning through massive open online courses (MOOCS): Strategies and predictions for the future. Information Science Reference, 2015.
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MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95166.
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Kim, Paul. Massive Open Online Courses: The MOOC Revolution. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Massively Open Online Courses (MOOC)"
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Manna, Manpreet Singh, Balamurugan Balusamy, Meenakshi Sharma, and Prithi Samuel. "Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC)." In Blended Learning and MOOCs. Routledge India, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003307730-7.
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Abu Bakar, Nur Fatihah, Ahmad Fadhil Yusof, Noorminshah A. Iahad, and Norasnita Ahmad. "The Implementation of Gamification in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) Platform." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1628-9_17.
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Duterte, Junard, and Gilbert Importante. "Self-regulation and Learning Outputs of Filipino MOOC Learners." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022). Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_50.
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AbstractDuring the coronavirus pandemic, scholars study how learners pursue lifelong learning in open and distance education since few studies investigate this issue. This study aims to discover a learning model that would increase the students’ online learning engagement and course completion in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). Adopting the Self-Regulation Theory (SRT) on andragogy, this study is administered to 290 Massive MOOC adult learners in the Davao region. The author aimed to identify the respondents’ level of self-regulation in online learning, determine their learning outputs in a MOOC, examine the relationship between their self-regulation and learning outputs, and ascertain the significant predictors of their learning outputs. This study applied a quantitative-correlational design in collecting, interpreting, and discussing data from surveys using an adapted questionnaire. The author treated the data through a multiple regression correlation test. The results reveal that the respondents’ level of self-regulation in MOOC was very high, and they attained an excellent level of learning outputs. Furthermore, the findings show a strong relationship between their self-regulation and learning outputs in MOOCs. Meta-cognition, time management, environmental structuring, help-seeking, and persistence were significant predictors of learning outputs as reflected in the learning model that emerged. Findings also highlighted that self-regulation could significantly predict the learning outputs of online learners in exploring the MOOCs for their personal and professional development.
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Voulgari, Iro, and Demetrios G. Sampson. "Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs): Synergies and Lessons to Be Learned." In Digital Systems for Open Access to Formal and Informal Learning. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02264-2_4.
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Osvalder, Anna-Lisa, and Martina Berglund. "On Human Terms – Integration of a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in Ergonomics in University Courses." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96080-7_71.
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Stockport, Winthrop Gary J. "Massive Open Online Courses." In Multicultural Awareness and Technology in Higher Education. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5876-9.ch018.
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This chapter considers the state-of-play as at early May 2013 regarding Free Massive Open Online Courseware (MOOC). It considers whether the initial findings indicate whether MOOCs will prove a “game changer” in higher education. A number of theoretical models such as disruptive innovation theory, technology life cycles, and strategy business models are used to enable a better understanding of the likely potential impact of MOOCs. Data was gathered through investigating the Coursera, Udacity, and edX Websites as well through undertaking a content analysis of the 32 Business and Management courses available on Coursera. It also presents the responses about MOOCs from a small group of potential “customers,” a class of Executive Master of Business Administration (EMBA) students from a European Business School. Different scenarios are then presented about their potential disruptive impact upon universities. Possible strategies for each scenario are also put forward. Based upon the evidence provided within this chapter, it can be tentatively concluded that MOOCs will not be a “game changer” in the higher education sector.
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Skhephe, Melikhaya. "Teachers’ Readiness for e-Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic, South Africa." In MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses). IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101242.
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The event of the COVID-19 pandemic and the respective implementation of social distancing protocols resulted in a rapid transition to online teaching and learning for most education institutions around the world, independent of whether teachers were prepared. The Corona Virus Disease −19 (COVID-19) has interrupted educational processes worldwide. The impact of COVID-19 on the educational system has gained crucial relevance in research, with the intention of identifying a scientifically based solution to this problem. This study is based on the notion that, while the pandemic’s effect is broad, a unit-level analysis can provide some insight. As a result, this study thus investigated the teachers’ readiness for e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative approach, in particular a case study research design was employed, with sampling consisting of six teachers being purposively and conveniently selected. The findings revealed that teachers do not understand what e-learning is all about and how it can be implemented within the classroom. Another finding was that classrooms do not promote e-learning. The researchers recommend that; education officials need to organize continuous e-learning workshops for teachers. Classrooms need to be redesigned in order to promote e-learning.
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Schulze, Amanda Sue, Doug Leigh, Paul Sparks, and Elio Spinello. "Massive Open Online Courses and Completion Rates." In Handbook of Research on Individualism and Identity in the Globalized Digital Age. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0522-8.ch002.
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Millions of adults have registered for massive open online courses, known as MOOCs, yet little research exists on how effective MOOCs are at meeting the needs of these learners. Critics of MOOCs highlight that completion rates can average fewer than 5%. Such low completion rates raise questions about the effectiveness of MOOCs and whether all adults have the skills and abilities needed for success. MOOCs have the potential to be powerful change agents for universities and students, but it has previously been unknown whether these online courses serve more than just the most persistent, self-directed learners. This study explored the relationship between self-directed learning readiness and MOOC completion percents among adults taking a single Coursera MOOC. By examining self-directed learning - the ability to take responsibility for one's own educational experiences - and MOOC completion rates, this research may help to confirm the knowledge and skills needed to be a successful adult learner in the 21st century, as well as how to improve online education offered to adult learners.
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Li, Xiaobin. "Massive Open Online Courses in China." In The Roles of Technology and Globalization in Educational Transformation. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9746-9.ch008.
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The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the literature on massive open online course (MOOC) development in China, its accompanying practices, challenges, and opportunities. The chapter also offers recommendations derived from the literature on how to make MOOCs benefit more Chinese. To conduct this study, the author reviewed Chinese literature on MOOCs since 2012, when the first five articles on MOOCs appeared in Chinese journals, which introduced concepts and practices of Western MOOCs into China. The author also reviewed well-known English journals on online education and e-learning since 2013, when the first Chinese MOOCs appeared.
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Smith, Louisa, Leanne Dowse, Karen Soldatic, and Mike Kent. "Developing a MOOC." In Massive Open Online Courses and Higher Education. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315594248-9.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Massively Open Online Courses (MOOC)"
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Narrainen, Gundeea. "When the Massive Open Online Courses, MOOC, become Hybrid at the Open University of Mauritius." In Fourth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head18.2018.8068.
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With more and more courses being offered online teachers are constantly being asked to change their teaching style. Online courses have taken another turn with the innovation, which are the MOOCs. MOOCs being non-fee paying courses, delivered mostly by recognised universities, course organisation and management was bound to change. With less than 10% successful completion rate for MOOC courses and keeping in mind the Mauritian context, the Open University of Mauritius decided to offer a hybrid MOOC. By hybrid Daniel Peraya suggests blended courses that is online training and face-to-face sessions. It is more about tutoring and guiding students rather than mere teaching. Our main objective is to show the effectiveness of a Hybrid MOOC in terms of organisation and course structure. The methods used in this paper are: a survey questionnaire and data from a Moodle platform. The fact that this course has been organised in a blended mode has helped the participants to reach the end of the training with a higher completion rate, face to face sessions helped students to interact, the use of Moodle as an additional platform accessssed by a restricted number of participants proved to be helpful to get aquainted to online learning.
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Mustea, Anca, Cosmin Herman, and Antoanela Naaji. "USING MOODLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSES." In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-038.
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In the last few years there has been an increasing development of Massive Open Online Courses led by faculty and IT specialists from top universities such as Stanford, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Caltech, Harvard and others. Hundreds of courses are available to people all over the world on MOOC platforms such as Coursera, edX, or Udacity. European MOOC platforms are also developing rapidly. Most of the courses are developed in English language, but there are also other languages available. What we propose is the development of a Romanian MOOC platform using Moodle as the e-learning environment. The reason we propose Moodle for such an initiative is because it is the e-learning platform mostly used in Romania, familiar both to teachers and technical advisers and administrators. The paper presents an example of using Moodle for the development of a Romanian Massive Open Online Course, emphasizing the ease of use for all the actors involved: teachers, learners and administrators. The facilities offered by Moodle in the development of online learning experiences and of a Romanian MOOC platform are also discussed. The paper focuses on technical aspects regarding the configuration of the platform according to the pedagogical requirements demanded by such courses as well as a proposal of a course template to be filled up with graphical elements, video sequences and also quizzes in different formats. We will underline the configuration aspects of some standard Moodle instruments used in MOOC concepts such as: forums, glossary, thematic database, etc. By using this structure, we developed a course to contain all these elements.
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Mihaescu, Vlad, and Radu Vasiu. "WRAPPING MOOCS - ANALYSIS FROM A TECHNOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE." In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-037.
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Started in 2002 as an open course policy (named OCW Open CourseWare) and then developed in a global concept, MOOC is one of the most recent concepts in online education. A MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) is an online course with no limit to its number of participants and open access provided you have internet access. While a MOOC might accommodate enrollment in the thousands, some of these courses enroll far fewer--the "massive" part of the name speaks more to the potential to include vast numbers of students than to the actual size of the class. In the last two years millions of users registered in MOOC platforms and thousands gained certificates or badges. Several top universities started or joined a MOOC in an open or more closed mode (MOOCx). However, there are many who are questioning the future of MOOCs, as possibly being overhyped, the argument being that companies prefer to hire people with traditional educational background in favor to the ones who did their education mostly online. In this paper the authors analyze the MOOCs specifics, based on their evolution, the educational market needs, student body requirements, existent curricula and faculty staff opinions. The history of MOOCs is presented, with focus on the education methodologies, the technical components and the impact on today's information society. The most known platforms, Coursera, Udacity and edX, are analyzed based on authors' experiences and on existing literature. The analyze focus on the used technologies, the multimedia tools implemented, and how the entire learning environment is structured. The paper tries to argue the success and failures of existing MOOCs from a technological perspective.
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Cardoso, Janaina. "MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSES CAMPS: BEFORE AND DURING THE PANDEMIC." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end072.
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MOOC Camps have been used as a successful blended alternative to more traditional MOOCs (totally online). A “camp” here means “an informal gathering of learners working together to discuss new ideas and concepts” (Sowell, 2019). MOOC Camps combine the positive aspects of MOOCs, such as high-quality of professional development and low cost for participants with the advantages of using the “camps”, such as adaptation to the local context and a simpler way of promoting interaction among participants, who consequently feel highly motivated to complete the online course (Cardoso, 2020). The aim of this presentation is to consider the effects of the physical distance imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic in the MOOC Camps been offered by an extension and research project developed at a public university in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (CEALD/UERJ) in partnership with the American Government (RELO-Brazil) since 2019. The main objectives of these MOOC camps are: (a) to promote language and methodology development; and (b) to build stronger communities of teachers and teachers-to-be, by giving them the opportunity of sharing their experiences. However, in 2020, due to the pandemic, the camp had to be adapted to a remote mode, using a web-conference platform. Therefore, this action-research study compares and contrasts the MOOC Camp participants’ feedback given before the pandemic with their responses to the activities developed during the pandemic. In this way, the idea is to understand how the adaptations we were forced to make have influenced the development of the camps and possibly affected participants’ interest. The discussion considers some of the advantages and drawbacks of adopting the remote mode for the camps, and a better understanding of some theoretical concepts, such as: blended learning (Gruba et al., 2016); blended MOOCs (Albó et al., 2015; Orsini-Jones, 2018, 2019), online interaction (Silva, 2014), and education in the pandemic context (Liberali, 2020).
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Thị Thảo dang, ly, Sean Watts, and Trung Quang Nguyen. "Massive Open Online Course: International Experiences and Implications in Vietnam." In InSITE 2017: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Vietnam. Informing Science Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3745.
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Aim/Purpose: This research critically reviews literature examining the prior empirical and case study research studies to help educators and to shape the conceptual framework of what and how to prepare for MOOCS (Massive Open Online Courses), especially in Vietnam, SouthEast Asia, and developing countries. Background: MOOCs are a disruptive trend in education. Several initiatives have emerged recently to support MOOCS, and many educational institutions started offering courses as MOOCS. Designing a MOOC is not an easy task. Educators need to face not only pedagogical issues, but logistical, technological, and financial issues, as well as how these issues relate and constrain each other. The ‘MOOC’ phenomenon is only just beginning to register with many educational policy makers in Vietnam. Currently, little guidance is available for educators to address the design of MOOCs from scratch keeping a balance between all these issues. Methodology: This study is a qualitative, case study and participant observation research with critical analysis of literature on MOOCs toward implementation of online learning in Vietnam. It began as a broad search for research on online teaching and the authors went into participant observation in courses in Vietnam and elsewhere. Contribution: Until now, designing a MOOC has not yet fully considered applications in non-native English speaking countries, such as Vietnam. This study gives guidance for educators to address the design of MOOCs from scratch keeping a balance between identified issues to shape the conceptual framework of what and how to prepare for MOOCS. Main MOOC development foci should be teachers and learners’ attitudes, as well as infrastructure toward teaching and learning in cyberspace specifically in Vietnam and SouthEast Asia.
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Ursache, Mariana, Bogdan Rusu, Emil constantin Loghin, et al. "THE USE OF MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSES (MOOCS) IN TEXTILE EDUCATION." In eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-256.
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The academic and professional community must be not only interested but directly involved in developing solutions for creative forms of education. It is clear that the approach of the new educational space must be made in the context of its contribution to improve employment and economic development. In the last decade one of the most prominent developments in education is represented by the deployment of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC). In this context the paper present a general and documented view on the potential benefits of using MOOCs as new flexible, innovative learning approach and delivery method. The open education systems bring new opportunities for innovation in higher and vocational education that will allow institutions and academics to explore new online learning models and innovative practices in teaching and learning. The existing textiles and clothing MOOC`s are documented and categorized according to type taking into consideration the existing synchronous asynchronous, MOOCs offered independently by universities and other institutions internationally and other massive educational platforms. A search for significant documents has been conducted through the Internet and scientific databases giving access to electronic resources. The research (documents, news, courses) was restricted to English language. Some keywords for the research were: MOOC, review, model, benchmark, etc. Preference was given to resources whose date of publication was after 2012. The MOOC platforms represent a high opportunity to provide specialized education to a wide number of learners. Also the teacher's activity is considerable simplified using interactive lessons, because the students can manage themselves the existing video resources, becoming independent from the tutor.
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Singh, Gaurav. "Perceived Effectiveness of Videos as e-Content in MOOC." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.8414.
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Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have gained momentum in the past decade. MOOCs are becoming popular day by day across the world. One visible difference between traditional teaching-learning and MOOC is in terms of the central position of videos. Video-based content delivery has become the primary medium of instruction in most the MOOCs (Yousef, 2015), supported by e-text, activities, quizzes, and discussion forums. In India, the MOOCs being offered on the SWAYAM platform are mostly video-based. As per SWAYAM guidelines (2016 & 2017), for a four-credit MOOC in SWAYAM, a minimum of 20 hours of video content is essential. The researcher has offered two MOOC courses of 16 weeks duration on SWAYAM platforms namely, Learning and Teaching (with enrolment of around 15000) and, Pedagogy of Science (with enrolment of around 5000) in two cycles, i.e., July 2020 and January 2021. Total 111 videos have been developed for these two courses and when the viewership data was analysed, it was found that except for the course introductory videos, the viewership of other videos was varied and some videos have nearly 2530 views only in six months, this triggered the researcher to undertake a study to find out the usability of videos in MOOC. The researcher has decided to find out the usability and perceived effectiveness of videos in MOOCs being offered on the SWAYAM platform. The outcomes of the study are based on the perception of learners in IGNOU-SWAYAM MOOC around various identified factors like duration and number; content quality and relevance, quality of graphics and animations; subject matter experts; language; and positioning of video in the module. The paper also suggests ways to improve the video component of MOOC to improve its effectiveness and usability.
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Perifanou, Maria. "HOW TO DESIGN AND EVALUATE A MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSE (MOOC) FOR LANGUAGE LEARNING." In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-041.
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The arrival of Web 2.0 has changed dramatically the way that we learn and we communicate. There is a growing number of educational courses that are massive, open, participatory and support the idea of distributed intelligence and lifelong learning. They are known as Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). That means that nowadays language competencies and intercultural skills are more that ever key qualifications for everyone who aims to work and live successfully in this new reality. These needs paved the way for the creation of the first "massive and open" online foreign language courses. With no doubt Web 2.0 services can support a promising and authentic language learning environment. However the design of successful MOOCs for language learning and their evaluation is not a simple process. This paper aims to provide a guidelines for the design and evaluation of future language learning MOOCs to language teachers and instructional designers. More specifically the paper will first present the challenges that a language instructor faces in order to design an online language course and then it will analyze the basic elements that successful online language courses should have. It will continue with a brief presentation of the shift from online language courses to "massive and open" online language courses. Next, it will follow a proposal of a framework for the design and evaluation of an efficient language learning MOOC that basically supports the individual as well as the collective learning. In the end, the author will draw some first conclusions and will share the next steps of her ongoing research.
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Herman, Cosmin, and Anca Mustea. "THE ROMANIAN MOODLE MOOC DEVELOPMENT AND THE USERS' FEEDBACK." In eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-188.
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An extremely useful advancement in education is represented by the Massive Open Online Courses Platforms. In the last few years a growing number of platforms offer free courses for people around the world. This courses are important for ensuring free access to education to all the people that want to develop their knowledge and competencies, as well as those who would not otherwise be able to have access to education. Most of the courses are thought in English, but other languages are also present: German, Spanish, Italian, Chinese and other. The wide development of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) at the international level constituted both an inspiration and a challenge to develop Romanian MOOCs. The first MOOC we developed in Romanian is a course on Moodle. The course is thought as being a self-paced course. The course contains six modules, referring to different aspects of online learning or Moodle objects. For each module we developed presentations containing information, theoretical aspects and examples. Video tutorials are included for modeling and demonstrating how to use different objects in Moodle. In order to take the learning to a more practical level, each student can request a course where he has the role of teacher - in this course the student can practice everything he learns in the Moodle MOOC. We implemented this course in the Moodle platform mooc.ro. The paper presents the process and the challenges faced during the development of this Romanian MOOC as well as the feedback obtained from the first students of this course.
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Mozhaeva, G. "Integration of massive open online courses into the educational process of the university as a factor in the personalization of history education." In Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1846.978-5-317-06529-4/441-446.
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In this article, three models of integration of massive open online courses (MOOCs) into the educational process are considered. They allow providing web support for training, implementing blended learning and completely replacing the academic discipline with an online course. The potential of MOOCs for individual learning paths is analyzed. They allow taking into account the peculiarities of students' learning behavior and the focus on achieving educational results. The necessary for MOOC integration conditions are described.
Reports on the topic "Massively Open Online Courses (MOOC)"
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Panchenko, Liubov F., and Ivan O. Muzyka. Analytical review of augmented reality MOOCs. [б. в.], 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3750.
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The aim of the article is to provide an analytical review of the content of massive open online courses about augmented reality and its use in education with the further intent to create a special course for the professional development system for the research and teaching personnel in postgraduate education. The object of research is massive open online courses. The subject of the study is the structure and content of augmented reality MOOCs which are offered by acclaimed providers of the world. The methods of research are: the analysis of publications on the problem; the analysis of MOOCs’ content, including observation; systematization and generalization of research information in order to design a special course about augmented reality for the system of professional training and retraining for educators in postgraduate education. The results of the research are the following: the content and program of specialized course “Augmented Reality as a Storytelling Tool” for the professional development of teachers. The purpose of the specialized course is to consider and discuss the possibilities of augmented reality as a new direction in the development of educational resources, to identify its benefits and constraints, as well as its components and the most appropriate tools for educators, to discuss the problems of teacher and student co-creation on the basis of the use of augmented reality, and to provide students with personal experience in designing their own stories and methodical tools in the form of augmented books and supplementary training aids with the help of modern digital services.
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Woods, Mel, Saskia Coulson, Raquel Ajates, et al. Citizen Science Projects: How to make a difference. WeObserve, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001193.
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Citizen Science Projects: How to make a difference, is a massive open online course (MOOC). It was developed by the H2020 WeObserve project and ran on the FutureLearn platform from 2019. The course was designed to assist learners from all backgrounds and geographical locations to discover how to build their own citizen science project to address global challenges and create positive change. It also helped learners with interpreting the information they collected and using their findings to educate others about important local and global concerns. The main learning objectives for the course were: * Discover what citizen science and citizen observatories are * Engage with the general process of a citizen science project, the tools used and where they can be accessed * Collect and analyse data on relevant issues such as environmental challenges and disaster management, and discuss the results of their findings * Explore projects happening around the world, what the aims of these projects are and how learners could get involved * Model the steps to create their own citizen science project * Evaluate the potential of citizen science in bringing about change This course also provided five open-source, downloadable tools which have been tested in previous citizen science projects and created for the use of a wider range of projects. These tools are listed below and available in the research repository: * Empathy timeline tool * Community-level indicators tool * Data postcards tool * Future newspaper tool * Co-evaluation tool