Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Massivträ'
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Andreasson, Daniel, and Albin Vågfelt. "Marknadsanalys samverkansbjälklag betong-massivträ." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-824.
Full textThe concrete-timber composite floor is a floor slab constructed of concrete and timber that work together to take advantage of the best characteristics of each material. The concrete-timber composite floor is a project by Heda, Fristad Bygg, Technical Research Institute of Sweden (SP) and Högskolan in Borås. A market analysis is requested to obtain data about the market for the concrete-timber composite floor which is a demand for continued extern funding of the project. The market analysis is based on three different methods, a comparison of floor slabs, a life cycle cost analysis and a market research. The market analysis shows that the concrete-timber composite floor is too expensive to compete against the floor slabs made out of just concrete. It also shows that the industry is used to and prefers to build with concrete. The factors considered most important in the choice of floor slabs are price, spans, delivery time and assembly time according to the exploratory study made in the report. The concrete-timber composite floors strengths are spans and assembly time and its weaknesses are price and thickness.The concrete-timber composite floors chance to take on the market depends on how much the involved parties in the project can minimize the price and how well the assembly and delivery times can be guaranteed. Another important factor is how much the industry can be talked into using timber in load bearing structures without worrying about the influence of humidity.
Khachlouf, Rayen, and Shakrin Ahmed. "Massivträ och dess miljöpåverkan." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192932.
Full textSundberg, Martin, and David Åsberg. "Husväggar av massivträ: En kostnadsjämförelse." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18579.
Full textWood is and has long been one of Sweden’s most exported commodities. The industry currently employs about 100 000 people in the country. In conjunction with the recent environment discussions the construction of houses should also be discussed. The purpose of this study is to promote housing construction in solid wood, which in recent years has received more publicity not only in the Swedish market but also in central European countries. The questions in this project is about identifying the most common exterior wall constructions and compare their costs for materials and labor costs during assembly. To have a fair comparison, the BBR's energy requirements have been the common denominator of the exterior wall constructions. The questions have been answered through interviews with manufacturers of prefabricated solid wooden walls, wooden stud walls and concrete walls after which energy calculations conducted in connection with the development of various wall constructions to produce three equal energy-efficient walls. These walls have then been compared by their costs. The results show that the most common wall of solid wood consists of three to five layers of cross-laminated planks that make up a CLT-board. On these insulation and façade are applied and thus obtain a wall which is similar to the wooden stud wall or concrete wall. It was found after the investigations were made that the wall of solid wood is marginally more expensive than the wooden stud wall but significantly cheaper than the concrete wall.
Eriksson, Isabell, and Axel Ekström. "Möjligheter att brandskydda korslimmat massivträ." Thesis, KTH, Byggvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-147567.
Full textSandgren, Marie, and Linnéa Yngvesson. "Utveckling av ett flerbostadshus i massivträ." Thesis, KTH, Byggvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-174282.
Full textStockholm is one of the regions with the fastest growth, therefore the region requires to be expended. Climate and environmental issues are important today and influences the construction of buildings among other things. Solid wood is a structure material which is on the rampage thanks to its climate- and environmental advantages. Berg | C.F. Møller will on behalf of HSB Stockholm project a dwelling area in Årsta, southern Stockholm. The projected area consists of a number of different house types. For this thesis an apartment building in eight flats has been chosen. The house will be projected with solid wood, therefore a deep study has been made in the subject of construction made of solid wood. This in order to produce drawings and construction details. Analyses of the area have inspired the design of the final result. A great importance in the project has been drawing space-efficient apartments with respect to the Swedish Standard, Building Design – Housing – Interior dimensions, and to criteria which has been chosen for the project. The result is made up of concept drawings for the apartment building, which was given a unique look with a bay window in mirror glass. To create a variation in the facade. The apartment building is built with a wood facade to indicate the selected structure material and is projected for 15 threes and 14 twos with a commercial local at ground floor to create movements in the surroundings.
Widegren, Andreas, and Pamela Nymberg. "Marknadsanalys av hopfällbart modulhus i massivträ." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-13650.
Full textThere is a need for temporary accommodations in modular sizes within several groups. Of the four we studied at least help organizations had a need for them and also there were solutions that could make both military, camps and events to potential customers. However, MFB falls in the competition with today existing products on the market. It is too heavy, expensive and unwieldy to be transported long distances and also requires a crane to be mounted, something our target groups surveyed expressed as a clear aggravating factor. The target audience that remained was that one within Sweden that we call camping sites / events. Here is an interest, albeit relatively weak, for the loan of MFB for short periods. After doing a cost study on the proposal to create a company and instead of selling MFB rent them out, however, we could once again conclude that MFB was too heavy, expensive and unwieldy to be profitable. Our conclusion is that it is not worthwhile to proceed with the current proposal for modular housing. Lighter materials, assembly using only man power and smaller size are all necessary steps to have a chance to compete in today's market.
Olsson, Sebastian. "Prefabricerade stomsystem: massivträ- eller betongstomme för flervåningshus : En teknisk jämförelseanalys." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekoteknik och hållbart byggande, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-40192.
Full textHåkansson, Hanna, and Elin Frimodig. "Cityförskolan - En förskola i massivträ : Framtagning av konstruktion samt ekonomisk jämförelse." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-43465.
Full textThe aspiration of a sustainable development is a crucial perspective, in order to secure the access to the resources of The Earth for future generations. Ecological sustainability is part of the broader concept of a sustainable development. The positive contribution of the building business is largely depending upon a thoughtful material selection with environmental impact as a main criterion. In Sweden, wood has the longest history of use of all building materials, due to the abundant supply of forests. Wood can be used in many ways in buildings; not only as the constructional material but also as façade or insulation material. The greatest advantage of wood is its modest ecological footprint, because it is a renewable resource. This is a fact that should be taken into consideration when choosing the constructional material. There are different types of wooden constructions. One type is the solid wood system, which is a homogeneous construction where the loadbearing part consists of cross-laminated wooden boards, which act as insulation as well. The solid wood system is a choice of construction that supports sustainability. Sweco Architects got the commission from the municipality of Karlstad to make a design proposal for Cityförskolan. This nursery school is planned to be located at Kannikenäsbanken. The size of the plot is limited and therefore the schoolyard will be supplemented by a roof top terrace. The nursery school will have a pedagogic guideline inspired by Reggio Emilia principles and contains four classes with 80 children in total. Sweco’s design proposal has been the starting point of this thesis. The aim with this thesis project is to suggest the solid wood system as a constructional option for new school facilities and to examine whether an excessive cost is the reason why solid wood systems are used relatively rarely. The examination involves a structural dimensioning with relevant loads for the building considered. The result gives the required thicknesses of every CL-board involved. A constructional solution is then designed, with predominantly wooden based materials. Finally an economical comparison between the solid wood system, concrete and glue laminated wood has been developed. The result of the dimensioning process shows that it is possible to build Cityförskolan with a solid wood construction. Since the dimensioning of every part is optimized, the cost and material consumption can be reduced. The economical comparison shows that the solid wood construction cost is the lowest. The conclusion drawn from this result is that cost alone cannot be the decisive reason why the solid wood construction is rare compared to its alternatives.
Ekwurtzel, Linn, and Manfred Häggstam. "Stomme i småhus ! : - En teoretisk studie av olika bärande vägglösningar !" Thesis, KTH, Byggvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102371.
Full textJohansson, Oskar, and Fredrik Johansson. "Korslimmat trä som ytskikt med avseende på brand i Sverige och Norge : Skillnader i utformning av brandskydd i byggnader med korslimmat trä i Sverige och Norge." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för energi-, miljö- och byggteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74368.
Full textSweden, as Norway, has a long history with buildings of wooden constructions. After the many city fires in the 19-th century in both countries, wooden buildings over two floors were banned. It was not until the late 20-th century higher buildings were allowed again through new rules from EU, which define the function of a building instead of the material. At the same time as the new rules came into force, the production of cross laminated timber, CLT, was started in Europe. CLT has steadily grown in popularity and is now being used in buildings as never before. CLT has some special properties, it is very strong and stable in terms of weight and the fire properties are good because a char layer is formed during fire exposure. Despite the good fire properties, wood can only be used as internal surface layers to a limited extent. In Norway, the rules are a little more generous and wood may be used to a greater extent. This study will show what the regulations in Sweden and Norway says when the visible interior surface layer consists of untreated wood (CLT) and when and to what extent CLT needs fire protection. Through a literature study, Sweden’s and Norway’s fire protection rules are summarized and compared with each other. A comparison study has also been carried out in which building projects with framework in CLT are analyzed and compared with each other. The buildings that are compared with each other are the kindergarten Lotsen (Cityförskolan) in Karlstad, Södra skolan in Grums and Nordre Ål skole in Lillehammer. The result shows that Sweden’s and Norway’s fire protection standards are structured in a similar way, but there are some major differences in the use of wood as a visible surface layer in the two countries. Many of the similarities are due to the fact that the countries’ rules are based on Eurocodes with, among other things, the same surface layers and dimensioning of the framework must comply with the European requirements for fire resistance (R, E and I). The biggest difference regarding the use of wood as a surface layer is fire compartment sizes. In Norway, wood is a surface approved layer in fire compartments less than 200 m2 in all building classes (Bk) except Bk4, which applies in principle to all buildings up to 16 floors. In Sweden there is no “fire compartment boundary”, but there are surface layers of wood approved in Bk3 and Bk2, which applies to most buildings up to 2 floors. To be able to build higher buildings with surface layers of wood in Sweden, analytical fire design is required. A common way of building higher buildings with surface layers of wood in Sweden is through technical replacement where a passive fire protection is replaced by an active, usually sprinklers, provided that the fire protections does not deteriorate. In this way a lower surface layer class can be approved and used, however, at least class D-s2, d0 must be used, which corresponds to wood and CLT. Another important difference in the wording of the standards is which building class and class of activities a building is placed in. The differences indicates that the lowest approved surface layer class differs. An example of this difference is kindergartens. In Norway, kindergartens are placed in the same activity class as schools. This leads to wood being acceptable as a surface layer. In Sweden, kindergartens are placed in a higher class of activity than schools where wood is not approved as a surface layer.
Åsell, Anna, and Sofie Öhrman. "En fallstudie av LEVA Husfabrik med avseende på hållbarhetsaspekter : Kan ett hus från LEVA anses hållbart?" Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekoteknik och hållbart byggande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-28830.
Full textSustainable development is about the interaction between the three dimensions of sustainability; social, ecological and economic. Swedish Building Authority “Boverket”, has a vision for 2025, saying that all construction will be sustainable with a focus on quality of life, good health, conservation of resources and flexibility. All building construction and accommodation has impact on nature. A conscious choice of building materials and methods, can reduce the impact and promote sustainable construction. LEVA house factory is a manufacturer of pre-fabricated houses made of solid wood. The company has a stated will to make clear to the customer how their materials are doing regarding sustainability. This report is investigating the concept of sustainability, the company´s building materials and the material´s importance for a general customer. A house from LEVA is also compared to a traditional wooden house to identify differences regarding sustainability. Literature studies, interviews, and a web based survey are the basis for this report. Sustainability has turned out to be a complex concept and is difficult to assess. According to the aspects we have analyzed in the report, a LEVA house is considered a good product. The results from the survey shows that building materials is of great importance for many customers, but for most people not a decisive factor. The survey also shows that customers expect the construction company to make good choices regarding environmental aspects, rather than making the decisions themselves. The comparison shows that a LEVA house is better than a regular wooden house regarding aspects linked to social and ecological sustainability. A wooden house is considerably cheaper than a LEVA house, but as the price only is a part of the economic sustainability, the two houses are judged equally from an economic perspective. The report presents improvement opportunities within building materials and eco labeling.
Karlsson, Jesper. "Solvalla Skola." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-208947.
Full textWest of Stockholm a new district is planned, Solvallastaden, with 1500 new homes and associated services and communications. The area has previously been a wooded hill with parking for visitors to the racecourse below. A planned main area with park-like structure is planned to extend from the new tram stop to the Solvalla forest and right next door, the location of a new primary school. The school houses two parallel classes in grades 0 to 3 including a preschool with four departments. In addition, there is also a sports center that can be used by the public in the evenings and weekends. The four departments of the preschool are placed in two levels with the youngest children on the ground floor and the older ones upstairs. Departments are designed to allow staff to work together between departments with shared play rooms and toilet facilities. The building intersects the site in four directions and creates an open square in the middle with an open lunch room and gathering place. All four parts of the building have direct contact, visually or physically, with the center and everybody, except for the smallest children, stay here sometime during the day. A semi-plan displacement pairs the altitude difference of the plot and at the same time creates vertical communication that provides visibility and varying ways of movement. The central staircase is supported by a stairwell in each of the building’s short sides. The school building also intersects the site in such a way that four different school yards are created. Two south-facing school yards, one of which can be closed for pre-school’s smaller children, and two yards in the north which take care of the more formal main entrance, loading and transportation. The two south-faceing yards connect directly to both the forest and the park, as they themselves are scarce in relation to the number of students. The construction is entirely wood, with solid wood elements as the main bearing structure but with glue pillar where needed. The interior cover is as much as possible the untreated CL-timber. The facade is dressed with untreated, non-toxic, wood paneling, and on the short sides, fiber cement slabs in patterns giving a clear identity for each corner of the building.
Alenby, Löfstaf Sara. "Brf Norrby." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298428.
Full textMy project aims to create calm place to live in the stressful society of today. I want to play with the concept where the city street meets nature and precent a living space where the opportunity to grab a coffee in a café a few stories down is as close as a calm walk in the woods. My project creates a home where nature is close, both inside and outside. Every decision I made in this project is made in consideration of the surrounding nature. Everything from plans, the esthetics of the fasades and the decisions on what materials to work with. All the apartments are given an equally sized balcony and window facing the forest even if the apartment varies in size to give everyone the same opportunity to be close to nature. The balconies have folding doors to make it possible to open up the wall and loosen the line between inside and outside. The facade facing the street mimics the strict structure of the road with smaller windows and straight lines. The facade facing the forest mirrors the playfulness of nature. The balconies and windows are stacked in a pattern to make a movement in the facade and to create privacy for the balconies.
Olsson, Thor Johan, and Robert Eriksson. "Fuktutredning av massivträkonstruktion : Analys av vägg utan ångspärr." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Byggteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-14628.
Full textThe report is part of a research and development project for Dalarna University,where the goal is to produce a design without a vapour barrier that will meettoday's measure of airtightness and moisture requirements. The purpose of this report is to investigate how moisture affects a building withsolid wood and various insulation materials without vapour barrier. Mineral woolinsulation and wood fiber insulation will be compared against each other to seehow they affect the moisture load in a wall. The test object is located in Dalarna,no additional moisture load affect the indoor environment. To carry out this work, three different methods are used. A moisture simulationwas performed using the program WUFI, measured values in terms of relativehumidity and temperature were collected over two years from the wall of thebuilding. A sampling was performed with a physical operation on the same levelin the wall where measurement sensors were placed. Results are presented in form of graphs and tables where you can read thecurrent state of the construction in terms of relative humidity, temperature,moisture content and microbiological fouling. Insulation materials demonstrate ahigh relative humidity at outer layers of the construction during the wintermonths. The external environment has been shown to play a major part for theresults. No direct microbiological fouling has been detected despite a highcontent of moisture. The result of wood fiber insulation demonstrates a better ability to handlemoisture. A further study with a moisture load and 21 degrees indoors should beperformed. But for this study to work it’s recommended to change the currentfacade solution to a two- step sealed facade solution to manage the moistureload in the wall.
Buck, Dietrich. "Massivträ : Jämförelse mellan olika principer för sammanfogning av trä till plattelement med avseende på pris, hållfasthet och ekologi." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33487.
Full textThe increasing use of solid wood construction methods can have a positive impact on the sustainability of constructions. The development of computer-controlled processing techniques enables the solid wood timber industry to rationalize the construction of buildings. The solid wood techniques come at time and will be higher valued in the future due to the natural characteristics of this material. The improvement of solid wood methods has resulted in various techniques to join wood into solid prefabricated parts. There is a need for a comparative market study of the different principles of solid wood construction to widen the knowledge and to explain interested builders the viability of these techniques. The key question for this study is: Which techniques of combining solid wood elements to whole boards are the most favorable ones concerning wood construction buildings – leaving apart questions of production costs, durability and ecological considerations? To point out the utility of these construction techniques and give them a broader understanding a general study of solid wood construction has been presented. The comparative study is based as well on studies of literature as on reviews of 27 companies in 6 countries. The following techniques for the production of boards made of solid timber elements are considered in this report: Laminating Nailing Stapling Screwing Stress laminating Doweling: vertically, horizontally, diagonally and with wooden screws Dovetailing techniques Wood welding techniques The study shows that the techniques of solid wood construction are very different in itself. CLT of cross-laminated timber scores highest in terms of cost and durability, but if one considers ecological factors, dovetailing is best. Taking into account both durability and ecological considerations, doweling is best. These alternatives give some freedom of choice regarding the visibility of surfaces and the efficient use of lower qualities of timber and they are therefore suitable for residential construction buildings. CLT is the most cost-effective, not patented and well established option in the market; the development of more health-friendly adhesives is still going on. Current researches demonstrate an alternative: Wood welding joins the parts better together than gluing them. Considered from the ecological viewpoint, boards made exclusively of wood, are preferable since no chemicals or not renewable resources are used. Recent researches show, that solid wood constructions have positive effects on the health of the residents of these buildings in comparison of buildings using non-natural materials.
Sundkvist, Amanda, and Laura Josephsen. "Nio våningar av massivträ : Dimensionering och lastnedräkning av en stomkonstruktion med hjälp av Revit och Robot Structural Analysis." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-43332.
Full textMonie-Landerö, Elin. "MONOLITEN." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-208370.
Full textThe building houses a pre-school with four divisions, two preschool classes, six lower classes, as well as kitchen and staff spaces. The center of the house is the main hall used for physical education, meetings, stage performances, gatherings, spontaneous movement and spontaneous relationship creation. All other functions surround it. With the largest space as hub, each child and adult is given the opportunity, in both spatial and social terms, to move from the little space into the big at their own pace. At the short end of the hall, large doors can be opened to the school yard facing the forest. The big hall is a surface that is always close to hand when someone in the building needs to run around, gather or a change of environment.
Hassel, Mikael. "Ett hållbart boende." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122550.
Full textENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY AND SUSTAINABLE. WORDS THAT ARE MET WITH FROWNS. THAT WILL ONLY MAKE THINGS COMPLICATED. AND EXPENSIVE. AND FURTHERMORE, THE ARCHITECTURE WILL BE CLUMSY WITH ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS GLUED ON TO IT. BUT DOES IT REALLY HAVE TO BE LIKE THIS?I think not. In fact, I am absolutely convinced that sustainability is not only necessary and the only way to go, but that it also can provide us with new architecture and good livingenvironments. Can sustainability simply be a starting point for the definition and design of buildings and it’s apartments? It should be easy to live sustainably. Many eco-project fail because of advanced technology or because they require too much change in the residents behaviours. The building at the intersection of St. Göransvägen-Mariedalsvägen is designed with many simple, passive systems and the accommodation does not require more of its citizens than “regular” houses. Much of the sustainability is built into the building so that everyone can live sustainably, eco geek as well as the uninterested, which is a sure path towards my goal, a more sustainable life.The building lives up too passive house standard but focus on more areas than just energy. The materials, water and vegetation are incorporated into the structure. The building is not optimized for just one function, such as urban farming, but strives to be all-round. This provides variety and resistant and goes hand in hand with the ideas of perm culture.
Granath, Peder. "The Woodscraper." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122676.
Full textDet här trettio våningar höga typhuset i trä är en undersökning av potentialen för ett utmärkt byggmaterial som produceras av solen. Byggbranschen står för ungefär en tredjedel av världens utsläpp av växthusgaser. Eftersom dagens byggnader är alltmer energieffektiva blir effekterna av den inbyggda energin i byggnadskonstruktioner allt viktigare. I det sammanhanget ger träkonstruktioner upphov till betydligt lägre utsläpp av koldioxid än stål och betong och erbjuder därmed en framkomlig väg för att möta de utmaningar som klimatförändringen medför. Träets unika arkitektoniska kvalitéer har traditionellt varit hänvisade till låga byggnadstyper, men dess materialegenskaper gör det till ett konkurrenskraftigt och miljövänligt alternativ till stål och betong i höga hus. Trä i form av massivträskivor är ett hållbart och starkt material. Genom ökande efterfrågan på bostäder i stora hållbara byggnader torde trä bli ett viktigt konstruktionsmaterial för framtidens skylines.
Jansson, Elina Terese. "Trolland." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187953.
Full textTales has always been a tool to entertain, inspire and educate children in particular. For many of us the saga played a central and important role in our upbringing and from them we have memories that will never disappear. We remember the rhythm of the text, the colors in the image or the person who told them. Trolland is a project that with the fairytale world explores how a learning environment for children can be designed. The project seeks inspiration in, but do not aspire to be, a fairytale world like the one that Tove Jansson describes in her writing. Like several small peaks the preschool Trolland shows itself among the houses in Vasalunds. The facades scorched surface reflects light like snow on a mountain. And like a mountain, it has also drilled down and firmly rooted in the sloping plot at Charlottenborg road. From it can be seen as a dark and melancholy building, dark, with gaping windows and a high facade facing south. At the yard a pit fills with water during the rainy days. It collects the tears of the nature, the children say. But inside, the building has a warmer tone of wood and cork. Here comes every day 45 children divided into three sections. The section for the youngest, on the ground floor, got a private entrance and access to a secluded yard. They share the floor with the preschool kitchen and dining room. Several narrow flights of stairs penetrates into four volumes and binds together the plan. The building's middle floor is shared by the preschools older children divided into two sections. Here are the main entrance, which also connects the plane to the preschools large yard. The top floor is for shared use of the house. Here is a movement room with the preschools own universe, and through the skylight, high up, you can see the vast universe during the winter dark mornings. The studio overlooks a large window facing south. It goes from the floor to the ceiling and one can get dizzy if you stand really close.
Afshar, Samim, and Youssef Alaoui. "Jämförelser mellan massivträ- och betongstommar i flerbostadshus : Bedömning av byggtid, väderkänslighet, arbetsmiljö, bekant byggteknik, installation, projektering, spännvidder, flexibilitet, brandsäkerhet, ljudisolering och fuktsäkerhet." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192812.
Full textHasuni, Hesen Kathum, Khamis Adib Sekran Al-douri, and Mohammed Hussein Hamodi. "Compression Strength Perpendicular to Grain in Cross-laminated Timber (CLT)." Thesis, Växjö University, Växjö University, Växjö University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5349.
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The compressive strength perpendicular to grain of cross laminated timber (CLT) was studied experimentally. The problem was also theoretically analyzed and a finite element model was created and solved using a commercial finite element software package. The experiments were carried out with three layer CLT specimens of dimensions 200x200x120 mm and 300x300x120 mm. In some of the experiments a contact free deformation measurement system was used to analyze the strain field during loading. Different ways to apply the load were used: over the whole surface of the specimens and by a 50 mm wide steel bar. The position of the steel bar in relation to the specimen edge and its orientation relative the surface grain direction was varied. It was found that the compression strength of the cross laminated timber depended on the way in which the load was applied. The compression strength perpendicular to grain was found vary from 2.9 N/mm2 for specimens loaded by a line load at the edge of the specimen and parallel to the surface grain direction to 5.8 N/mm2 for specimens loaded by a line load at the specimen centre and perpendicular to the surface fiber direction.
Tryckhållfastheten vinkelrät fiberriktningen i korslimmade massivträskivor (CLT) bestämdes experimentellt. Även teoretiska studier genomfördes med hjälp av ett kommersiellt finita elementprogram. Provningarna genomfördes på treskiktsskivor med måtten 200x200x120 mm samt 300x300x120 mm. I vissa av försöken användes dessutom ett mätsystem för beröringsfri deformationsmätning för att bestämma töjningsfälten. Olika sätt att belasta provbitarna undersöktes: genom att belasta hela provytan eller genom att belasta provet med en 50 mm bred stålstav. Stålstavens läge i förhållande till provbitens kant och dess orientering i förhållande till ytskiktets fiberriktning varierades. De experimentella resultaten visade att hållfastheten beror på hur provbitarna belastas. Tryckhållfastheten varierade mellan 2.9 N/mm2 för fallet med en linjelast vid provbitens kant och orienterad parallellt med ytskiktets fiberriktning och 5.8 N/mm2 för fallet med en linjelast mitt på provbiten och orienterad vinkelrät mot ytskiktets fiberriktning.
Grönvall, Sarah. "Jugendornamentik feat. Vectorestetik : Utemöbler för Berga Form AB." Thesis, Linköping University, Carl Malmsten - Centre for Wood Technology & Design, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6998.
Full textDenna rapport presenterar det examensarbete på 10 poäng jag gjorde på möbeldesignprogrammet vid Carl Malmsten CTD våren 2006. Syftet med denna rapport är att beskriva och klargöra processen av detta examensarbete samt formgivningen av produkterna som styrts av mitt koncept. Rapporten grundar sig på dokumentation från processens gång och jag har valt att redovisa mitt arbete i denna rapport i fyra kapitel. Den första inledande delen beskriver bakgrunden till projektet, den andra redovisar insamlingsetappen i form av bild, skissmaterial och konceptbeskrivning, den tredje handlar om skissetappen och själva designprocessen och den sista visar dokumentationen av gestaltningsarbetet av prototyperna. Avslutningsvis kommer en resultatanalys och kommentarer till arbetet och produkterna. Bakgrunden till valet av mitt examensarbete var att jag var nyfiken på hur möbler för utemiljö kan se ut och vilka funktioner de eventuellt kan ha.Jag ville tillföra något som utstrålade något nytt, men som inte förlorat sina kvalitativa egenskaper i fråga om hållbarhet och problemfritt underhåll. Med dessa ideér kontaktade jag Berga Form AB eftersom min uppfattning var att de, liksom jag, värderar kvalité och omsorg för detaljer högt, dessutom har de sin huvudsakliga produktion på Java, Indonesien. Och det var just i denna miljö jag vistades i när jag kontaktade Berga Form första gången. Jag gjorde tre månaders praktik i Singapore/Java höstterminen 2005 när jag fick idén för mitt examensarbete. Resultatet är ett bord och en sittbänk för utemiljö i gjuten aluminium och massiv ask. Produkternas funktion underlättar transport, lagerhållning och vinterförvaring hos kund. Estetiken är exlusiv och stilfull för att passa i Berga Forms nuvarande sortiment. Formspråket som sammanfattar stämmningen för mitt kandidatarbete är; “svart & vitt, prunkande ornamentik, inspirerat av jugend & vectorestetik, samt massivt trä i strama former.”
This report presents the graduation project worth 10 points that I completed in the Furniture Design Program at Carl Malmsten CTD, spring 2006. The purpose of this report is to describe and explain the process of this graduation project and the design of the products that has
shaped the form of my concept.
The report is based on the documentation from the process. I have choosen to present my
work for this report in four chapters. The first and opening chapter describes the background of the project, the second one shows the research, using pictures, and the concept for the
project. The third, is about the design and sketching process, while the last one presents the prototyping. The final part is an analysis of the result and some comments on the work and the
products.
The reason I chose this as my graduation project was beacuse I was curious about outdoor furniture and the possible functions they can have. These types of furniture will not go out of date, as long as the weather permits, as we will always spend time outdoors and will always have a need for products in this environment. I was looking to provide something new in this area, without losing the inherent properties to outdoor furniture.
I presented these ideas for Berga Form AB, because my understanding was that they, just like me, value quality and care for details. Furthermore, they produce the majority of their
products in Java, Indonesia. I was in this area when I contacted Berga Form the first time. I did a 3 months internship in Singapore/Java the autum semester of 2006, when I thought up the idea for my graduation project.
The result if this project is a table and a bench for outdoor environments. The material is cast aluminum and solid Ash tree. This product has a function that will ease transport for Berga Form and winter storage for the customer. The furniture posesses an aesthetic that is exclusive and stylish to match Berga Form´s present collection.
The design concept for this graduation project is;
“black & white, dazzling patterning, inspired by Jugend and Vector aesthetically and solid wood reserved shapes”.
Frantz, Åsa. "Limnologen : Inblick i svenskt träbyggande." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Technology and Design, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2053.
Full textI Sverige fanns, mellan 1874 och 1994, ett förbud mot att bygga bostadshus med fler än två våningar i trästomme. Under denna tid försvann större delen av hantverks- och ingenjörskunnandet och man fick därför börja från början då förbudet hävdes. Byggandet gick till en början trögt, men tog fart i och med regeringens nationella träbyggnadsstrategi och utvecklandet av byggande med massivträ i början av 2000-talet. Limnologen i Växjö är ett bra exempel på hur långt fram Sverige ligger i utvecklingen, men det pekar också på områden inom tekniken som behöver förbättras.
Den här uppsatsen behandlar översiktligt hur trähusbyggandet har sett ut i Sverige och beskriver sedan Limnologen med fokus på entreprenadform, stabilisering, brandskydd och akustik. Vidare beskrivs hur massivträtekniken har utvecklats och hur byggsystemet för massivträ har tagits fram.
Between 1874 and 1994, Swedish legislation limited the use of timber in load- bearing structures of residential buildings. The use of timber was prohibited in buildings of more than two storeys. During this period, much of the knowledge of the craftsmen and engineers was lost. Therefore, when legislation changed, there was a large need for regaining old and developing new knowledge in the field of timber construction and timber engineering. The number of multi- storey projects was not very large during the first years. Partly due to that the Swedish government developed a national strategy for the increased use of wood in construction in the beginning of the
21st century, progress was made in developing new techniques and the number of projects increased. The project Limnologen in Växjö is a good example of the current status of Swedish timber engineering, but also points to the fields where there is still some work to be done.
This essay reports briefly on the building of wooden houses in Sweden in general, and describes the project Limnologen in particular. Issues like type of contract, stabilization, fire protection and solutions to prevent sound from transmitting are dealt with. Also a description of the development of cross- laminated timber (CLT) and how concepts based on CLT have been developed is given.
Andréasson, Ros-Mari. "Att bygga och bo i ett flerbostadshus av KL-trä med Valla Berså som referensobjekt." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-154922.
Full textDahlqvist, Ida, and Simon Gabrielsson. "IT-stöd För projektering och produktion av massivträhus." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19099.
Full textUppsatsnivå: C
Eriksson, Sigrid. "Solvallaskogens skola - Barnens egen by." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215688.
Full textThe project is planned with focus on perceived feeling of belonging and safety for both children and employees with help from modern research in the field of environmental psychology. Environmental psychology is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the interplay between individuals and their surroundings. Important has been to draw a room plan that aids the everyday work of the employees but also respects every child's varying personality and personal development. We all have different needs when it comes to peace and quiet, interaction, stimulus etc. The exteriors are supposed to signal to both children and grownups that the children and their perception are in focus.
Enbom, Lisa. "Helenaskolan." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-208972.
Full textHelena School is a project that challenges the nowadays usual way of making schools for extrovert, active children and instead focuses on the pupil’s possibilities to choose the size of both the physical and social rooms of learning. The design of the spaces was very much inspired by analyses of the needs of children with HSP and children in the autism spectrum. The intention was that every pupil should have the possibility to adapt the size of the room and of the social group to what suits one’s learning best. The homeroom is one of the most used rooms, and therefore it was given much thought. To create environments that address the contrast between stillness - activity, nature - built environment, social - non-social, small - large etc. was necessary to be able to create these adaptable rooms. The change in size and demand of social engagement is obvious when looking to the flow from the outside of the building to the inner parts of it. The outer functions are larger and more socially challenging as opposed to the inner rooms that are both smaller and more intimate.
Pähn, Tahari Therese. "Skolan i parken - En skola för årskurs f-6 samt kulturcenter i Annedalsparken i Mariehäll." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124650.
Full textA school where the principle of recycling influence construction, systems and pedagogy. In consideration to the area and Annedal park's importance to the residents, the building has been incorporated as a thoughtful addition. Parts of the school's facilities, roof terrace and Cultural Center, is available to the public and therefore acts as a connecting link between the area's residents. Private courtyards, roof terrace and the contact with the public park offer a great variety of schoolchildren without limiting the park's area. The design of the school premises creates a safe and healthy environment for school children both spatially and materially. The untreated soft wood surfaces are worn by the children’s presence and give children the opportunity to put his mark on history. The school's surfaces can be replaced; plank for plank, the children will be given a freedom to wear on the surfaces. Prohibition and restriction should be replaced by a responsible right for children to leave traces. The corridors have been replaced by a winding, effluent, interconnecting room that can be used for different purposes; leisure, privacy, study room, dining room, transfers.
Tuulse, Johanna. "Boende för förändring." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-151261.
Full textThe starting point for this project is an ever changing world. In this changing world there is a need for flexibility and adaptability, which can be seen in all areas of society today. The purpose of the project is to investigate what this could mean in the area of housing. Question formulation: what does housing look like when it is open to change, change in family situation, change in values regarding good housing, and demographic changes in society which lead to new and other needs in terms of housing.
Hallqvist, Stefan, and Cherif Berkal. "Branddimensionering av CLT-element i bärande väggkonstruktioner : en komparativ studie mellan gällande normer och senaste forskningen." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230963.
Full textIn recent years, a growing environmental awareness have led to an increase in timber buildings and since the 1994 amendment that made it possible to build tall houses with timber structures the progress in the field have seen an substantial increase. To build an element of perpendicularly placed layers of solid-sawn lumber have proven to be an effective way to obtain a product with good strength-to-weight ratio that is ideal for use in tall timber buildings. These elements go under a lot of different names but are often referred to as cross-laminated timber and will be called CLT in this report. The use of this product have these past decades increased substantially both in Sweden and in Europe and the demand does not seem to stagnate nor decrease in the near future. The report is comprised of relevant theoretical sections that must be taken into account when designing a structures fire protection such as the development of a fire in fire compartment, how to define and determine a structures class of fire resistance and hence required fire protection time for said structure. The basis of design in regards to loads and compressive/flexural strength of the material is thoroughly explained in order to account for the whole fire protection design processes. The lack of information regarding compressive and flexural strength of the residual cross-section was challenging but with the help from Maija Tiainen from Sweco structures Helsinki office the report could be completed. The most important part of the report is the theory and calculation with regards to the charring depth which is calculated by two different methods. The first one is presented in the European standard Eurocode 5: part 1-2 and the other one, that is based on the latest scientific knowledge with regards to timber structures and fire, is found in the technical guide Brandsäkra trähus version 3. The aforementioned method will form the basis for the upcoming update of Eurocode 5. In order to be able to compare the two methods four wall types was chosen and designed based on the same conditions. Namely protected by two layers of gypsum plasterboards as fire protection and exposed to a 90 minutes one-sided standard fire. The result showed differences between the methods where a clear difference was the size of the residual cross-section due to the fact that the zero-strength layer, , was notably larger when calculating with the method presented in Brandsäkra trähus version 3. This does not necessarily affect the elements bearing capacity when calculating with the two different methods due to the elements perpendicularly placed layers where only every other layer is load bearing. Although the method presented in Brandsäkra trähus version 3 are more conservative with regards to bearing capacity and will lead to a smaller residual cross-section the authors of this report recommend the use of said method pending incorporation into the Eurocode. The motivation for this suggestion is that the method is designed to explicitly handle CLT and since safety is the most important aspect in this context it is vital to acknowledge the apparent increased affect from a fire on the material according to the latest scientific knowledge and design the cross-section accordingly.
Töttrup, Hampus, and Gunnar Renström. "Möjligheter med KL-trä : Hur en betongstomme kan omformas till en KL-trästomme." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231871.
Full textSternberg, Anja. "Brücken mit massiver Unterspannung." Aachen Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997032421/04.
Full textLindgren, Aron, and Daniel Larsson. "Våningspåbyggnad av miljonprogrammets flerbostadshus : Förutsättningar och kontroller för genomförandet av våningspåbyggnader." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102010.
Full textDuring the so called ‘record years’ between 1961-1975 a total of 920,000 apartments were built in apartment buildings in Sweden. Today about 850.000 of these are still in use. The most common method of building during this period was by using prefabricated one-storey high façade units together with load-bearing interior cross walls and gable walls which were built on site. The purpose of this degree project is to find out if a storey extension on a reference-building from the so called ‘Million Programme’ with load-bearing interior cross walls is possible in order to create new apartments. If this is possible it would give an increase of income of rents to the owner of the apartment building and it could also contribute to an increase of variation in the area as regards both architecture and supply of apartments. This degree project gives information about what has to be checked and investigated before a storey extension project begins. This degree project compares and describes three different suggestions of structural construction systems for storey extensions. The alternatives dealt with are solid timber structural construction consisting of cross-laminated boards, a prefabricated concrete – and steel structural construction consisting of HD/F-elements and tube steel framing, and finally an alternative consisting of prefabricated building modules. The study of the structural construction and the load-bearing capacity of the existing building show that there is enough load-bearing capacity left to make use of. Performed checks investigate for example the load-bearing capacity of load-bearing walls, strip foundations as well as the existing loft floor. Checks are also performed with regard to the stability as the building is considered a stiff unit with a fictitious storey extension. The conclusion from this degree project is that a storey extension is fully possible on the reference-building. The alternative with a solid timber structural construction allows a fictitious storey extension with three additional storeys, which has been chosen as an example in this degree project. The alternative with the prefabricated concrete – and steel structural construction allows a fictitious storey extension of maximum two additional storeys, and then the ground pressure was dimensioning and limited the amount of additional storeys for the storey extension.
Sternberg, Anja [Verfasser]. "Brücken mit massiver Unterspannung / Anja Sternberg." Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1159834792/34.
Full textLarsson, Joel. "Förstärkning av träregelstomme med KL-trä : Teoretisk utvärdering av olika ytterväggstyper." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79466.
Full textToday there is an increased interest in building taller buildings with timber. Lindbäcks Bygg is one of companies that uses modular construction with light timber stud frames. However, a problem with light timber frames is that the building height is limited to roughly 6 - 8 stories. A relatively new product in timber engineering is cross laminated timber (CLT) and the use of this product have made it possible to build taller timber buildings. The purpose of this study is to investigate different solutions for how Lindbäcks can strengthen their stud frames by using CLT and thereby build taller buildings. The difference with respect to U-value and cost between the walls strengthened width CLT and the typical stud frame wall, that is used today, is also studied. The study has been limited to exterior walls only. A multi-storey building consisting of several modules/volume elements has been used to estimate reasonable loads on the exterior walls. Different wall types, one with the ordinary stud frame (the reference wall) and five types of stud walls strengthened with different thicknesses of CLT, have been investigated. The maximal number of storeys that can be build, the U-value and the cost were determined by calculations for each of the studied wall types and were compared with the results for the reference wall. Today, Lindbäcks Bygg sometimes uses CLT for stabilizing walls. In their factories, they use a solution in which the CLT-plate is placed between the top and bottom plate together with the studs. According to the calculations it is, with this solution, possible to build up to 2 storeys higher then with the reference wall. The limiting factor for how high it is possible to build, is compression perpendicular to the grain on the bottom plate underneath the CLT-plate. If a solution where the CLT-plate is placed on the outside of the frame (consisting of studs, top and bottom plate) is used instead of between the top and bottom plate does the calculations show that a higher number of storeys is possible. With this solution, the compression perpendicular to the grain underneath the CLT-plate is avoided and the limiting factor is instead the compression strength of the CLT-plate. This means that the CLT can be used more efficiently. Calculations show that it is possible to build up to 8 storeys higher with this solution compared to what is possible with the reference wall. With CLT increases the energy losses through the wall, i.e. increased U-value, since studs with insulation in between is partially replaced with CLT that has worse thermal conductivity. According to the calculations, the U-value is 20 – 40 % higher (depending on the wall type) compared to the reference wall. The increase in U-value can be limited to 0.4 – 14 % by adding an extra layer with 45 mm insulation on the inside of the CLT-plate. The cost for the wall types strengthened with CLT is also higher compared to the estimated cost for the reference wall. The main reason for this is increased cost of materials since the studs with insulation in between is partially replaced with the more expensive CLT, which is an engineered wood product. The increase in cost is estimated to roughly 40 – 50 % of the cost for the reference wall.
Samuelsson, Jimmy, and Yahya Debes. "Tillämpning av träbaserat modulväggsystem för påbyggnad av efterkrigstidens flerbostadshus : Utifrån energikrav och ekonomiska förutsättningar." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-36209.
Full textPurpose: New Swedish energy requirements are defined as Near Zero Energy Buildings for both new construction and renovation, with the purpose of balancing energy entering and exiting the building. Vertical attic extensions through prefabricated module system containing loadbearing walls of cross laminated timber has, by international studies, shown the potential for time and cost efficiency during renovation projects. The purpose of this inquiry is to examine the possibility to apply this extension system for Swedish renovation projects on post-war residential buildings that are both cost effective and that satisfies new Swedish energy regulations. Method: The report aims to answer the questions through a case study. Initially a literature study describes the incentives of vertical attic extensions and renovation. Then through a document analysis of a reference building, energy and cost comparisons are carried out between an attic extension of cross laminated timber and wood construction assembled on site. Findings: The Swedish post-war housing stock shows high potential through renovation and attic extension, to positively influence the Swedish average specific energy use while simultaneously providing fast and cost effective urban densification. The heat insulating performance of cross laminated timber is, for an attic extension, equivalent that of an on-site assembled wood construction. However, calculations shows difficulties for post-war housing stock to achieve the requirements for Near Zero Energy Buildings. The cost for assembling extending structure and interior walls etc. reveals approximately 2,7 % savings with cross laminated timber. Implications: The report brings forth the possibilities regarding renovation of the Swedish post-war stock of multifamily housing and the advantages of doing so in combination with vertical attic extensions. There are good conditions for implementation of cross laminated timber walls even in Swedish extension projects, while having the potential to lower costs slightly and saving time in relation to on site construction. Even though the results depend a lot on the choice of prefabrication, the study has exposed a valid alternative for future attic extension projects. The report also reveals potential difficulties in achieving new energy requirements for renovation of older housing stock. Limitations: Verification of load capacity through constructional calculations are not performed in this inquiry. Calculating the life-cycle cost is not a part of this project, which instead focuses on economic efficiency during production. The report focuses its research at energy-saving measures and doesn’t concern measures regarding for example higher accessibility.
Feltgen, Tobias. "Gasphasenzüchtung massiver Einkristalle im System Cadmium - Zink - Tellur." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB9403105.
Full textWitten, Thomas. "En lättviktsskiva i massivt trä för möbelindustrin." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Technology and Design, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1025.
Full textLättviktsskivor till möbelindustrin har varit ett omskrivet tema i olika branschtidningar den sista tiden.
Detta examensarbete beskriver och undersöker en ny konstruktion av en lättviktsskiva i massivt trä.
Lättviktsskivan är uppbyggd som en sandwichkonstruktion i tre skikt. Ytskikten består av 6 mm tjocka
limfogar och kärnmaterialet av profilerade distanser. Materialet är furu och lättviktsskivan har en
densitet på 320 kg/m3 vid 39 mm tjocklek. Utifrån kontakter med utvalda tillverkare och användare av
skivmaterial, samt genom tester, har denna konstruktion granskas och förslag på förbättringar har tagits
fram. Den ursprungliga distansen som var sammansatt av två halvor med centrumhål har ersatts av en
massiv distans med en liknande profilering. Vid företagskontakter framkom det en viss tveksamhet till
synliga fingerskarvar på synliga ytor, vilka den ursprungliga prototypen uppvisade. Med det som
utgångspunkt presenteras det ett förslag till olika kvaliteter till synliga respektive osynliga och dolda
ytor vid undersökning av estetiska och produktionstekniska aspekter.
Light-weight panels to the furniture industry have been a well documented task in line papers the last
time. This work describes and studies a new type of a construction of a light-weight panel in massive
wood. The light-weight panel in massive wood is built like a sandwich construction in three levels. The
outer layers are made of 6 mm thick massive wood glue panels and the core material by profiled
distances. Material is pine and the light-weight panel has a density of 310–332 kg/m3. Out of contacts
with selected producers and users of board materials, as in combination with tests, has this construction
been checked and purposes for improvements have been stated. The original distances, which were put
together by two parts including a centre hole have been replaced by a type of distance in massive wood
with a similar profiling. In contacts with companies has a slightly reserve been shown to finger-joints
on visible surfaces, which the originally prototype had. I conclusion with this presents a suggestion for
different kinds of qualities for visible and not visible respectively and hidden surfaces in conclusion
with the investigation of aesthetically and production technically aspects.
Tränkner, Christine. "Mikrostruktur- und Texturentwicklung während massiver plastischer Verformung von NiAl bei tiefen Temperaturen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-230717.
Full textNiAl is an intermetallic compound with a cubic B2 structure. Below the brittle-to-ductile transition temperature at about 300°C under ambient pressure the number of independent slip systems that have to be activated for a homogeneous plastic deformation is not sufficiently high according to the von Mises criterion. This is because the fracture stress is smaller than the critical yield stress for the activation of the secondary slip system. Despite this, severe plastic deformation is possible under a high pressure. It can be realized by deforming by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) or high pressure torsion (HPT). Thereby a very high degree of deformation is reached. In this work, texture and microstructure evolution after deformation by HPT at different tem- peratures between room temperature and 500°C and at different hydrostatic pressures and degrees of deformation are analysed and compared to texture and microstructure after ECAP. After deformation by HPT, a texture typical for sheared body-centred metals is found; besides, for a deformation temperature of 100°C and higher an oblique cube component appears. It develops by dynamic recrystallization and grows with increasing deformation temperature. The shear texture also arises in the ECAP deformed samples, but no oblique cube texture is found. Both processes lead to grain refinement, which is influenced by deformation temperature, pressure, and degree of deformation. Tensile testing doesn’t show an enhanced ductility, but an improved strength is confirmed by microhardness measurements. If the degree of deformation is high enough, a shear texture can even be found after deforming single crystals
Nilsson, Charlie Styrbjörn. "Projekt Gösta : design genom fördjupning i produktionstekniken böjning av massivt trä." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Carl Malmsten - furniture studies, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-81299.
Full textI am fascinated by production and how to master the techniques to create our surroundings. We implement science on materials and call it engineering. In my thesis I’ve worked with wood, which is alive and warm, and through the traditional bent wood technique shape it. I deepen my knowledge in the technique through field trips, experiments and theory.But this is also the design, I create for the user. Many of my hours are spent investigating, exploring and searching for form and function. At the same time the material wood is offering, politely but firmly, limitations that I’m tempted to stretch. The result of my thesis is both an in-depth approach to design and prototypes of stools and chairs. These components are bent in two dimensions, but because of its diamond-shaped cross section, a more complex three-dimensional surface of the bends appear. My aim has been to combine the aesthetics of industry and the aesthetics the organicly grown in nature. These pieces portray time and space through their lines and shapes in an important and legitimate means.
Kmiec, Lukasz Janusz [Verfasser], and Daniele [Akademischer Betreuer] Camboni. "Extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung als Überbrückungstherapie bei massiver Lungenembolie / Lukasz Janusz Kmiec ; Betreuer: Daniele Camboni." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1197900942/34.
Full textZeiher, Marco [Verfasser], and F. [Akademischer Betreuer] Gehbauer. "Ein Entscheidungsunterstützungsmodell für den Rückbau massiver Betonstrukturen in kerntechnischen Anlagen / Marco Zeiher. Betreuer: F. Gehbauer." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2009. http://d-nb.info/101409979X/34.
Full textHub, Alexander [Verfasser], and Jan [Akademischer Betreuer] Knippers. "Integriertes Konzept zur nachhaltigen Errichtung von Gebäuden in massiver Elementbauweise / Alexander Hub. Betreuer: Jan Knippers." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2012. http://d-nb.info/102192377X/34.
Full textKüpper, Frank. "Prognostischer Wert von Plasma D-Dimerspiegeln zur Früherkennung massiver Nachblutungen bei Einsatz der Herz-Lungen-Maschine." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967336759.
Full textKlaassen, Miriam [Verfasser]. "Entwicklung eines Formschalensystems für die Hochtemperaturanwendung zur feingiesstechnischen Herstellung massiver und hohler NiAl-Bauteile / Miriam Klaassen." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1170541895/34.
Full textBuck, Dietrich. "Mechanics of Cross-Laminated Timber." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Träteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-68729.
Full textExternal cooperation: Martinson Group AB and Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE)
Siebel, Alexander Verfasser], Wolfgang M. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Willems, and Peter [Gutachter] Schmidt. "Effiziente Anheizung von Gebäuden in massiver Bauweise bei intermittierender Beheizung / Alexander Siebel. Betreuer: Wolfgang M. Willems. Gutachter: Peter Schmidt." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1103587978/34.
Full textSiebel, Alexander [Verfasser], Wolfgang M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Willems, and Peter [Gutachter] Schmidt. "Effiziente Anheizung von Gebäuden in massiver Bauweise bei intermittierender Beheizung / Alexander Siebel. Betreuer: Wolfgang M. Willems. Gutachter: Peter Schmidt." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-201606153499.
Full textLoneberg, Agnes, and Linnea Kvarnvik. "Val av bjälklag : En jämförelse av massivt betongbjälklag, plattbärlag och samverkansbjälklag av trä och betong ur ekonomi och miljösynpunkt." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Jönköping University, JTH, Byggnadsteknik och belysningsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-50241.
Full textSyfte: Byggbranschen producerade år 2016 21% av Sveriges totala koldioxidutsläpp. För att minska dessa utsläpp är ett alternativ att välja byggdelar utifrån miljöperspektiv. Samtidigt vill byggherren hålla ner kostnaderna för produktionen. En multikriterieanalys är ett verktyg för att väga olika aspekter mot varandra. I detta arbete kommer miljöaspekter och de ekonomiska aspekterna för tre olika bjälklag att jämföras och analyseras för att underlätta vid val av bjälklag. Bjälklagen som analyserats är massivt betongbjälklag, plattbärlag samt samverkansbjälklag utav trä och betong. Metod: Arbetet utgår ifrån ett referensprojekt om en kontorsbyggnad med en spännvidd på 6 m och en yta på 1000 m2 beläget i Jönköping. Dessa uppgifter används för beräkning av krav samt transport. För att få fram de resultat som önskas har en livscykelanalys och en kostnadsanalys utförts utefter en dokumentanalys samt kontakt med leverantörer av bjälklagen. Resultatet ifrån livscykelanalysen och kostnadsanalysen användes sedan för att utföra en multikriterieanalys där de olika aspekterna vägdes samman. Intervjuer utfördes för att stärka vägningen i multikriterieanalysen samt för att få reda på hur valet av bjälklag går till för nuvarande på företaget PEAB. Resultat: Resultatet från dokumentanalysen visar att plattbärlag är det mest fördelaktiga när det gäller ekonomi och att samverkansbjälklag av trä och betong är mest fördelaktigt ur miljösynpunkt. I analysen av den insamlade empirin från intervjuerna visas det att ekonomiaspekten är viktigare och borde viktas högre än miljöaspekten i multikriterieanalysen. Multikriterieanalysen visar på att plattbärlag är det bjälklag som är mest fördelaktigt inom både ekonomi och miljö. Under projekteringen och i valet av bjälklag är ekonomi en av de viktigaste aspekterna men även arbetsmiljön och lättheten att montera. Konsekvenser: Slutsatsen av detta arbete är att plattbärlaget är det mest fördelaktiga valet av bjälklag med tanke på både ekonomi- och miljöaspekter. Detta bjälklag visas också vara det bjälklag som ofta väljs för byggnader liknande arbetets referensprojekt. Detta resultat anses vara generellt för liknande konstruktion som referensprojektet. Begränsningar: Arbetet tar enbart hänsyn till livscykelanalyskategorin Klimatpåverkan och växthusgaser och avser enbart vagga till grind (A1-A4). De kostnader som beräknas är för inköp av bjälklag och material, montering samt transport.