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1

Monier, Katja Susanna. "Vision and devotion in Bourges around 1500 : an illuminator and his world." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16236.

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This thesis presents the first full study of the anonymous illuminator known by the name of convention, the Master of Spencer 6, after his finest work, ms. 6 in the Spencer Collection at the New York Public Library. Active at the turn of the sixteenth century, during the transitional period between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, this artist provides a revealing case study for examining the changing tastes and preoccupations of the patrons, as well as the way in which illuminators were operating in order to secure work and forge a career. The career of the Master of Spencer 6 can be reconstructed from nearly forty surviving books and fragments. He appears to have painted manuscripts for a wide range of clientele, from unknown merchants to figures such as Henry VII of England. The quality of his execution is equally varied, from modest, hastily prepared images, to exquisite paintings invested with verisimilitude and invention that deserve wider acknowledgement. This illuminator, presumably based in Bourges, seems to have travelled as far as Troyes, Paris, Tours, and possibly Lyon, in search of patronage. Although he specialised in devotional images, he also illustrated texts of historical and moral interest. The Master of Spencer 6 was particularly talented in drawing. He appears to have been required to work quickly, in order to respond to the high demand for books; yet, despite the haste, he was able to produce images that were pleasing. A large part of the appeal in his images seems to rely on the quality of line. While his colours were clean and bright, he often applied them hastily or carelessly over the contour lines. Nearly always these shortcomings appear unnoticeable due to the beauty of the lines that define the design. The variety of decorative schemes, layouts, spatial devices, compositions and iconographic motifs utilised by the Master of Spencer 6 demonstrate one of the keys to his success. He was able to diversify his canon to realise any potential order from the vast geographical and social range of his clientele. He also managed to develop his style according to current tastes and fashions. He adapted ideas and techniques from his collaborators, the Colombe workshop and Jacquelin de Montluçon. This thesis provides also the first study of Jacquelin de Montluçon, the painter identified here as the main collaborator of the Master of Spencer 6. Methods of technical art history are used to analyse his sophisticated manner of mixing pigments to produce convincing effects of light. The way in which he applied paint onto a surface, on parchment, panel and stained glass, is used to support attributions and explore the versatile artist that emerges from the analysis. This investigation into these two hitherto little-known artists demonstrates, on one hand, what was required for artists to succeed over others in the profession of manuscript illumination in late fifteenth-century France, and on the other hand, what the concerns of the individuals commissioning images were.
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2

Cowell, Fiona Elnah Russell Cowell. "Richard Woods (1715/6 - 1793) : surveyor, improver and master of the pleasure garden." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426953.

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3

Asbagh, Layka Abbasi Doymaz Fuat. "Investigating the role of zoledronic acid on interleukin-6 cytokine expression in prostate cancer cell lines/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2006. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezlerengelli/master/biyoteknoloji/T000552.pdf.

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4

Rivera, Jiménez Diego. "Evaluación visual con muestrario VITA Bleachedguide 3D-Master del blanqueamiento dental realizado con peróxido de hidrógeno al 6%." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/141560.

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Trabajo de Investigación Requisito para optar al Título de Cirujano Dentista<br>Introducción: Al realizar un blanqueamiento dental utilizando altas concentraciones de peróxido de hidrógeno convencionales, se pueden llegar a producir algunas reacciones adversas bien documentadas. Nuevos productos con la adición de dióxido de titanio nitrogenado permiten la disminución de la concentración de peróxido de hidrógeno, manteniendo la eficacia del blanqueamiento y disminuyendo la ocurrencia de estas reacciones adversas. No existe evidencia de la efectividad de una formulación con peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% con dióxido de titanio nitrogenado activado por luz LED/Laser. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad del blanqueamiento dental de un agente de peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% con dióxido de titanio nitrogenado activado por luz LED/laser en comparación con un agente de peróxido de hidrógeno al 35%, utilizando el muestrario de color VITA Bleachedguide 3D-Master. Materiales y Método: Se realizó un ensayo clínico randomizado doble ciego, con un diseño de boca dividida. En pacientes voluntarios (N=30) se realizó un blanqueamiento con peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% con dióxido de titanio nitrogenado activado por luz LED/Laser en una hemiarcada superior, y en la otra con peróxido de hidrógeno al 35%. El tratamiento se llevó a cabo en 3 sesiones espaciadas por una semana. Se evaluaron y registraron las guías de color al inicio del tratamiento, en cada sesión de blanqueamiento, a la semana y al mes después de la última aplicación. Se calculó la media y la desviación estándar de la variación de unidades de guía de color (ΔSGU) en los distintos tiempos para cada grupo. Se comparó el ΔSGU en los distintos tiempos entre ambos compuestos mediante la prueba de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: La media del ΔSGU después de la tercera sesión para el peróxido al 6% (ΔSGU = 3,2) fue levemente menor a la del peróxido al 35% (ΔSGU = 3,7). En la medición realizada al mes, la media de los ΔSGU fue de 2,7 y 3,3 para ambos agentes respectivamente. En ninguna de las dos evaluaciones hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p=0,114 y p=0,131 respectivamente). Conclusión: No hay diferencia en la efectividad del blanqueamiento con peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% con dióxido de titanio nitrogenado en comparación con peróxido de hidrógeno al 35%, evaluado con muestrario de color VITA Bleachedguide 3DMaster.<br>Adscrito a Proyecto PRI-ODO 15/001.
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5

Senate, University of Arizona Faculty. "Faculty Senate Minutes May 6, 2013." University of Arizona Faculty Senate (Tucson, AZ), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/301423.

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6

Vera, Acuña Fabiola. "Evaluación y comparación de efectividad en dos diferentes protocolos de blanqueamiento con aplicación de peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% medido visualmente por muestrario Vita Bleachedguide 3D-Master®." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/141480.

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Trabajo de Investigación Requisito para optar al Título de Cirujano Dentista<br>Introducción: En las últimas dos décadas el blanqueamiento dental se ha convertido en uno de los procedimientos estéticos dentales más populares. El peróxido de hidrógeno en altas concentraciones ha sido el producto de elección para realizar el procedimiento, causando diversas reacciones adversas, sobre todo sensibilidad dentaria. Debido a la importancia actual del blanqueamiento dental, nuevos productos con bajas concentraciones de peróxido de hidrógeno se están desarrollando y saliendo al mercado para satisfacer la demanda. Sin embargo falta información sobre los protocolos de estos nuevos productos. Por lo anterior en el siguiente estudio, se busca establecer un protocolo de blanqueamiento, utilizando como agente blanqueador peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% con dióxido de titanio, comparando una versus tres aplicaciones del gel blanqueador, ocupando como medidas de verificación de efectividad mediciones en escala VITA Bleachedguide 3D-MASTER ® . Materiales y método: Se realizó un ensayo clínico randomizado, con un diseño de boca dividida. Participaron 30 voluntarios mayores de 18 años, de ambos sexos, quienes firmaron un consentimiento informado. La técnica de blanqueamiento utilizada fue blanqueamiento in-office con peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% con dióxido de titanio y se utilizó un modelo tipo split mouth. En cada paciente se asignó un grupo por hemiarcada: grupo control (3 aplicaciones sucesivas cada 12 minutos con duración total de 36 minutos) y grupo experimental (1 aplicación de 36 minutos) En ambos grupos se utilizó un protocolo de blanqueamiento de dos sesiones con diferencia de 48 horas. El color se midió con muestrario Vita Bleached Guide. Se midieron los incisivos centrales superiores en su tercio medio de la cara vestibular. Las mediciones se realizaron de forma inicial y posterior a la primera y segunda sesión de blanqueamiento y a la semana y al mes post-blanqueamiento. De los datos obtenidos se calculó la variación de color en número de unidades utilizando la Moda como medida comparativa en el test de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: No hay diferencias en la efectividad medida como variación de color entre el protocolo de 1 o de 3 aplicaciones de peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% con dióxido de titanio. No hay diferencia en términos de riesgo absoluto e intensidad de sensibilidad por blanqueamiento entre ambos protocolos. Conclusión: Ambos protocolos de tratamiento fueron efectivos para el blanqueamiento dental.<br>Adscrito a Proyecto PRI-ODO 15/001
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7

Senate, University of Arizona Faculty. "Faculty Senate Minutes November 6, 2017." University of Arizona Faculty Senate (Tucson, AZ), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626195.

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8

Maglio, Ivan Carlos. "A sustentabilidade ambiental no planejamento urbano do município de São Paulo: 1971-2004." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-05062008-160111/.

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Introdução. Com o paradigma da sustentabilidade ambiental assumido a partir da conferência mundial Rio 92, o instrumento plano diretor deve passar por uma reconceituação, compatível com sua transformação em um instrumento de apoio à sustentabilidade ambiental urbana e de fortalecimento da função socioambiental da cidade. Neste contexto a proteção ambiental e a redução de impactos passam a ser elementos fundamentais para os planos diretores. Entretanto, no planejamento urbano do município de São Paulo, quarta maior cidade do mundo, permanecem os desafios existentes à introdução de opções sustentáveis por meio do plano diretor, zoneamento e operações urbanas. Objetivo. Analisar a inserção da sustentabilidade ambiental, por meio de planos diretores e instrumentos de gestão urbana elaborados do Município de São Paulo no período 1971-2004. Metodologia. O estudo de caso é utilizado como método de pesquisa por meio de pesquisa documental, apoiado por pesquisa bibliográfica sobre sustentabilidade ambiental urbana, planejamento urbano e Planos Diretores no Brasil, e sobre o instrumento de gestão Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica-AAE aplicado aos planos urbanos. Elementos extraídos desse instrumento de gestão AAE foram para construir o método e análise dos resultados da pesquisa. Resultados. No período 1971-1980 o plano diretor e os planos metropolitanos apontaram questões estratégicas para o desenvolvimento da cidade, sem conseguir solucioná-las, e a legislação de zoneamento urbano do município apresentou aspectos contraditórios com as políticas de proteção ambiental, além de não ter inserido, de forma suficiente, critérios ambientais e de sustentabilidade. No período 1981-1990, as tentativas de revisão do plano diretor do município não se legitimaram como políticas públicas, mas contribuíram para o conhecimento ambiental da cidade, bem como identificaram impactos ambientais presentes no processo urbano. Entretanto, o Plano Diretor aprovado em lei no ano de 1988 institucionalizou o processo de planejamento sem um plano diretor consistente e a estratégia predominante das Operações Interligadas, não submetidas a nenhum tipo iv de avaliação ambiental. No período 1991-2000, as dificuldades políticas, os conflitos e as diferentes visões sobre a sustentabilidade urbana aprofundaram-se. A tentativa de revisão do plano diretor em 1991 não conseguiu ser legitimada. O planejamento sem um plano diretor consistente e as operações e intervenções urbanas consolidaram-se como estratégia predominante. Os estudos de impacto ambiental, apesar de aplicados somente a partir de 1995, na análise da Operação Urbana Faria Lima, demonstraram-se instrumentos de gestão adequados à escala de projetos urbanos, mas inadequados à escala e à avaliação de sustentabilidade ambiental de operações urbanas. No período 2001-2004 houve a introdução de políticas de proteção ambiental e houve maior preocupação coma geração de impostos no Plano Diretor Estratégico-2002, nos Planos Regionais Estratégicos de Subprefeituras e no Zoneamento aprovados em 2004. Entretanto, ainda existem riscos de geração de novos impactos negativos decorrentes das possibilidades de adensamento urbano criadas pelo Plano Diretor 2002 e seus instrumentos complementares. Dessa forma são necessárias avaliações ambientais prévias à tomada de decisão e compatíveis com a escala e a fase de planejamento, e realizadas em conjunto com os estudos urbanísticos e econômicos. Conclusões. As conclusões da análise dos plano diretor, zoneamento e operação urbanas realizados no município de São Paulo no período 1971-2004, reforçado pelo indicadores de expansão urbana e de efeitos do adensamento construtivo confirmam a hipótese desta tese de que o planejamento urbano desenvolvido no município de São Paulo não vem introduzindo a sustentabilidade ambiental. Recomendações: - Regulamentação da Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica prevista no artigo 255 do PDE, para aplicação em planos diretores, zoneamento e operações urbanas; - Criação de um sistema de avaliação e monitoramento ambiental estratégico para avaliar impactos ambientais decorrentes do adensamento urbano. - Definição de procedimentos para a avaliação ambiental estratégica em planos diretores conforme os procedimentos propostos nesta tese. - Aplicação na revisão do Plano Diretor Estratégico, prevista para 2006 da Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica para aferir os efeitos dos novos adensamentos propostos, com o objetivo de monitorar, corrigir, eliminar ou mitigar impactos negativos gerados.<br>Introduction. Environmental sustainability as a concept adopted after the Rio 92 Summit sets forth that a master plan must be re-conceptualized to become a suitable tool to endorse sustainability, to promote urban reform as well as the social functions of the city. Environmental protection and impact reduction would be a structural part of urban policies and plans. However in the planning process of the Municipality of São Paulo, fourth largest city in the world, challenges continue to be faced to introduce sustainable options, mainly in the urban master plan and in the urban strategic actions in general. Objective. Analyze the urban planning process concerning the insertion of sustainability in urban plans and in urban management actions carried out in the Municipality of São Paulo from1971 to 2004. Methodology. The case study was used as a research method, supported by documentary research based on urban master plans and also a survey of the literature regarding sustainability, urban plans and Strategic Environmental Assessment. - SEA. Elements of SEA were also used as a method for the analysis of master plans and other urban strategic actions. Results. During the 1971-1980 period, the urban master plan addressed strategic issues for the Municipality of São Paulo and its urban metropolitan area. However complementary tools such as the approved zoning, urban interventions and other urban laws showed inconsistencies with environmental protection policies and did not include environmental criteria and sustainable issues. During the 1981-1990 period, although revisions of the master plan were not sanctioned as public policies, they contributed to enforce environmental knowledge about the city's issues through the identification of the environmental impacts found in urban development. The 1988 plan approved as a law, established the "planning process without a consistent master plan" and the strategy of urban interventions case by case without environmental impact assessment. During the 1991/2000 period political problems and conflicts emerged in addition to alternative views about urban sustainability. A new revision of the approved plan failed to be sanctioned. In fact, vii the "planning process without a master plan" and the urban interventions were consolidated as the prevailing urban strategy. Concerning urban impact assessment, the EIA Environmental Impact Assessment was shown to be adequate for use in urban projects, but inadequate on a scale of planning and for the assessment of sustainability in urban plans. During the 2001/2004 period, the introduction of environmental protection issues and the assessment of impacts were made in the Strategic Master Plan 2002, in the Strategic Regional Plans and in the new zoning, with the institutionalization of a participative planning process and of social agreements. Notwithstanding such advances the new directions do not exclude risks of new negative urban impacts generated by the possibility of densification of urban areas. There is a greater need to introduce environmental assessment, suitable for the scale of planning, in an integrated manner with the economic and urban analysis and prior to decision-making. Conclusions. The conclusion based on the analyses of master plans, zoning and urban operation realized in the Municipality of São Paulo during the period 1971-2004, supported by the indicators of urban sprawl, and indicators of high density constructions effects, confirmed the hypothesis of this thesis, that urban planning has not introduced sustainability in urban master plans in a consistent manner. Recommendations: Strategic Environmental Analyses- SEA related to the proposed urban densifications, aiming to reduce and mitigate negative impacts concerning the Master Plan review in 2006 are required. SEA procedures and guidelines for application in urban master plans and in urban strategic actions, following their introduction in the Master Plan Law must be institutionalized. A SEA System of urban analysis and control, and monitoring the impacts of urban densification must be organized. SEA must be applied in urban master plans according to the procedures, as introduced in chapter five of this thesis.
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Böttner, Villagra Jéssica. "Evaluación subjetiva con muestrario de color Vita Bleachedguide 3D-Master a los 9 y 12 meses del clareamiento dental en oficina realizado con peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% con nanopartículas de dióxido de titanio nitrogenado activado por luz les/láser." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/143233.

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Trabajo de Investigación Requisito para optar al Título de Cirujano Dentista<br>Introducción: Los efectos adversos del clareamiento dental, debido al uso de altas concentraciones de peróxido de hidrógeno, han llevado a la creación de nuevos productos para la disminución de la concentración de peróxido de hidrógeno, con una mayor eficiencia y seguridad, como es la adición de dióxido de titanio nitrogenado, activado con luz LED/láser. Actualmente no existen estudios con mediciones a largo plazo sobre la estabilidad del clareamiento con bajas concentraciones de peróxido de hidrógeno con dióxido de titanio, por lo que no hay evidencia sobre la longevidad de éstos tratamientos. Objetivo: Evaluar la regresión del color a los 9 y 12 meses, post tratamiento en oficina, entre un agente clareador de peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% con nanopartículas de dióxido de titanio nitrogenado y otro agente de peróxido de hidrógeno al 35%, activados por luz LED/láser. Métodos y materiales: Veinticinco pacientes fueron evaluados a los 9 y 12 meses post tratamiento clareador, previo y posterior a una profilaxis dental. El procedimiento de clareamiento fue realizado con un diseño de boca dividida, realizado al azar, con un gel de peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% con nanopartículas de dióxido de titanio, activadas por luz LED/láser, comparado con un gel de peróxido de hidrógeno al 35%. El color dental fue medido con Vita Bleacheadguide 3D Master. Se calculó la mediana de los datos de unidades de guía de color (ΔSGU) y su regresión, en los distintos tiempos, para cada grupo, y se comparó mediante la prueba de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: El compuesto al 6 % aumentó en 1 unidad, de la mediana de ∆SGU, volviéndose más oscuro que el compuesto al 35%. En el caso de la regresión no fue estadísticamente significativa para ambos grupos, pero se observó un leve rebote de 1 unidad, en la mediana de ∆SGU con respecto al mes post clareamiento, para el compuesto a 6%, con respecto al compuesto al 35%. Conclusiones: No hay diferencias en la regresión del color del clareamiento dental en oficina, entre un agente de peróxido de hidrógeno al 6% con dióxido de titanio nitrogenado y otro agente de peróxido de hidrógeno al 35%.<br>Adscrito a Proyecto PRI-ODO 15/001
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Huber, Laura. "Analysis of data collection and data evaluation for compliance with SDG 6." Master's thesis, 2021. https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/14221/1/Master%20Thesis_Huber.pdf.

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In 2016 the Sustainable Development Goals replaced the former Millennium Development Goals, building the new global agenda aiming for sustainable development at all three dimensions of sustainability by 2030. Within the set of global goals SDG 6 is devoted to development in the water and sanitation sector, including not only an improvement of access to drinking water and sanitation but also several other aspects, addressing the entire water cycle in a more comprehensive way as conducted by the MDGs. In order to monitor the development’s progress and thereby identify problems in implementation but also well-functioning approaches, new methodologies for monitoring the new SDG 6 indicators had to be developed. Currently, baseline reports on all indicators have been published, on the basis of which a first assessment of the current data availability can be made. The aim of this thesis is to provide an overview of the existing structures and methods for monitoring SDG 6 and to identify current challenges in monitoring as well as possible solutions. In addition, a comparison between the data collected for reporting to the Protocol on Water and Health and the data required for monitoring SDG 6 is conducted in order to find out whether common data use is sensible and already taking place. The analysis of the existing monitoring activities shows that the greatest challenges causing data gaps are associated with the novelty of most indicators as well as their complexity. There are no conceptual problems concerning the indicator’s methodologies but rather challenging conditions that complicate data collection. A key element in increasing data availability within the next years is national capacity-building since national data builds the basis for monitoring the global indicators. In addition, the extent of data sources can be expanded for example by aligning national and regional initiatives with the global goals, enabling common monitoring efforts and thereby reducing the countries’ reporting burden. In this context, the Protocol on Water and Health can potentially increase data availability in the pan-European region. The comparison of the SDG 6 indicators and the current reporting template of the Protocol indicates that there are already aspects that require very similar data. However, slight modifications could enhance these overlaps and facilitate the common use of national monitoring capacity and collected data. The comparison of current country reports and the latest JMP progress reports suggests that several Parties of the Protocol do not fully exploit this potential.
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Amaral, Ricardo Miguel Palos Peres do. "Master thesis: customer experience return on investment (Cx ROI)." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/73211.

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Nowadays, Customer Experience is in the center of every company’s strategy. However, executives struggle to accurately compute Customer-based investments’ ROI using currently available tools. Based on recent KPMG studies, this research aims to determine, statistically, which are the main drivers of a successful CX delivered by a given firm, measured through the NPS. Using real evidence from a Portuguese Bank and Alteryx software, a practical case was performed to validate the robustness of the research methodology. Final conclusions advocate that different customers’ behavior lead to different CX drivers, suggesting the importance of Personas’ Analysis to efficiently reach a better CX.
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Hielema, Evelyn Kuntz, Bernard Zylstra, Rea Redd, and Betty Westrick. "Perspective vol. 12 no. 6 (Dec 1978)." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/251314.

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Pitt, Clifford C., Carol-Ann Veenkamp, G. Marcille Frederick, Ginkel Aileen Van, and Robert E. VanderVennen. "Perspective vol. 22 no. 6 (Dec 1988)." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/251250.

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Pitt, Clifford C., Carol-Ann Veenkamp, G. Marcille Frederick, Ginkel Aileen Van, and Robert E. VanderVennen. "Perspective vol. 22 no. 6 (Dec 1988)." 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/277580.

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Veenkamp, Carol-Ann, Clifford C. Pitt, Harry Fernhout, Kuk-Won Shin, and Harry J. Kits. "Perspective vol. 21 no. 6 (Dec 1987)." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/251257.

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Veenkamp, Carol-Ann, Clifford C. Pitt, Harry Fernhout, Kuk-Won Shin, and Harry J. Kits. "Perspective vol. 21 no. 6 (Dec 1987)." 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10756/277587.

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Johnson, Julie. "A woman's work a music composition portfolio : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Music in Composition in the University of Canterbury /." 2007. http://library.canterbury.ac.nz/etd/adt-NZCU20080310.014500.

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Muller, Diane P. "Children's sleep in the family environment : a pilot study using actigraphy with 6-8-year-old New Zealand children : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Public Health at Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1704.

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Historically, children were considered to rarely experience sleep problems and daytime sleepiness in middle childhood (5 – 12-years of age), however more recent findings indicate this may have changed. Psychosocial and environmental factors, such as technology use and bedtime routines, have been associated with reduced sleep quantity and/or quality. Links have also emerged between shorter sleep duration in children, and an increased risk of obesity in childhood and adulthood. Although a number of studies have investigated children’s sleep internationally, data are limited on both average sleep duration and the stability of sleep patterns of New Zealand children. This study aimed to collect normative data on the sleep of 6 – 8-year-olds, living in New Zealand, across both school and non-school nights, identify modifiable factors that impact on children’s sleep within the family environment, explore the relationship between children’s sleep and BMI, and pilot methods for potential future research. Actigraphy and diaries were used for seven consecutive days and nights, as well as a questionnaire incorporating the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), with 52 families living in the Wellington region. Stable objectively measured sleep patterns were identified, consistent with findings of Nixon et al. (2008). School night sleep duration was found to be, on average, longer than non-school night sleep, and parents tended to over-estimate their children’s sleep duration. Mean school night sleep duration was 9.9 hours (SD = 0.5) and non-school night sleep duration was 9.5 hours (SD = 0.7). No differences were identified between boys’ and girls’ sleep, and the 14% of children categorised as being overweight did not exhibit significantly different sleep patterns from the rest of the sample. Modifiable factors of technology and caffeine use were associated with differences in children’s sleep, as were non-modifiable familial factors of shiftworking adults living in the home, childcare duration and finishing times, and younger children in the household. Recommendations for future research include increasing the size and diversity of the sample, extending actigraphic recording to at least 10 consecutive days and nights to incorporate two weekends, using PSG with a sub-sample of children, and implementing a longitudinal study.
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