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Journal articles on the topic 'Mate conflict'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Buunk, Abraham P., Justin H. Park, and Shelli L. Dubbs. "Parent–Offspring Conflict in Mate Preferences." Review of General Psychology 12, no. 1 (2008): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.12.1.47.

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2

Inglis, Ian, John Lazarus, and Rebecca Torrance. "Mate Guarding Conflict, Extra-Pair Courtship And Signalling in the Harlequin Duck, Histrionicus Histrionicus." Behaviour 141, no. 8 (2004): 1061–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539042360161.

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AbstractSocially monogamous birds pursuing extra-pair reproductive strategies may be in conflict, both sexes seeking new mates or copulations outside the pair, while simultaneously attempting to prevent infidelity by the partner. Intra-pair conflicts are augmented by inter-pair conflicts when pairs meet, when all four individuals may be sexually attracted to one member of the other pair while seeking to prevent their mate from copulating, or deserting, with the other. We studied the dynamics, signalling and resolution of these conflicts in a field experiment with the harlequin duck, recording

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3

Parker, G. A. "Sexual conflict over mating and fertilization: an overview." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1466 (2006): 235–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1785.

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Sexual conflict is a conflict between the evolutionary interests of individuals of the two sexes. The sexes can have different trait optima but this need not imply conflict if their optima can be attained simultaneously. Conflict requires an interaction between males and females (e.g. mating or parental care), such that the optimal outcomes for each sex cannot be achieved simultaneously. It is important to distinguish between battleground models, which define the parameter space for conflict and resolution models, which seek solutions for how conflicts are resolved. Overt behavioural conflict

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4

Jormalainen, Veijo. "Precopulatory Mate Guarding in Crustaceans: Male Competitive Strategy and Intersexual Conflict." Quarterly Review of Biology 73, no. 3 (1998): 275–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/420306.

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5

Chippindale, Adam K., Meredith Berggren, Joshua H. M. Alpern, and Robert Montgomerie. "Does kin selection moderate sexual conflict in Drosophila ?" Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1813 (2015): 20151417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1417.

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Two recent studies provide provocative experimental findings about the potential influence of kin recognition and cooperation on the level of sexual conflict in Drosophila melanogaster . In both studies, male fruit flies apparently curbed their mate-harming behaviours in the presence of a few familiar or related males, suggesting some form of cooperation mediated by kin selection. In one study, the reduction in agonistic behaviour by brothers apparently rendered them vulnerable to dramatic loss of paternity share when competing with an unrelated male. If these results are robust and generaliza

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6

Ekrem, Runa K., and Hanna Kokko. "Sexual conflict over phenological traits: selection for protandry can lock populations into temporally mismatched reproduction." Evolution 77, no. 3 (2022): 789–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpac054.

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Abstract In seasonal environments, competition among males can drive males to emerge before females. Females, simultaneously, should avoid emerging at times after sufficient male availability. We show that the consequent sexual conflict over timing traits can produce arms races toward ever earlier emergence, if low mate-search efficiency or sperm limitation elevate the latter risk for females. In reality, however, arms races over timing cannot proceed indefinitely as this ignores the relevant ecological context for phenology: the temporal niche of resource availability for offspring developmen

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7

Baniel, Alice, Axelle Delaunay, Guy Cowlishaw, and Elise Huchard. "Oestrous females avoid mating in front of adult male bystanders in wild chacma baboons." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 1 (2019): 181009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181009.

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In social species, female mating strategies can be constrained by both male and female groupmates through sexual conflict and reproductive competition, respectively. This study tests if females adjust their sexual behaviour according to the presence of male and female bystanders in wild chacma baboons ( Papio ursinus ) and assesses their relative importance. Our results show that oestrous females initiate fewer copulations in the presence of adult male bystanders, irrespective of whether they are mate-guarded or not. This inhibitory effect probably reflects a response to indirect sexual coerci

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8

Campbell, Anne. "Mutual Mate Choice: Sexual Selection Versus Sexual Conflict." Psychological Inquiry 24, no. 3 (2013): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1047840x.2013.809924.

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9

Dentler, Jonathan. "Le projet Early Conflict Photography 1890-1918 and Visual AI (EyCon)." Matériaux pour l’histoire de notre temps N° 147-148, no. 1 (2024): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/mate.147.0118.

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Le projet Early Conflict Photography 1890-1918 and Visual AI (EyCon) vise à exploiter des outils de vision par ordinateur reposant sur l’intelligence artificielle pour analyser un large corpus de photographies de conflits, en particulier les conflits coloniaux. L’article explicite les objectifs du projet, en se concentrant sur les Albums Valois, qui rassemble les photographies de la Section photographique de l’armée pendant la Grande Guerre.

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10

van den Berg, Pieter, Tim W. Fawcett, Abraham P. Buunk, and Franz J. Weissing. "Conflict over resources generates conflict over mate choice: reply to Smaldino and Newson." Evolution and Human Behavior 35, no. 2 (2014): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2013.12.004.

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11

Okada, Kensuke, Masako Katsuki, Manmohan D. Sharma, Clarissa M. House, and David J. Hosken. "Sexual conflict over mating in Gnatocerus cornutus ? Females prefer lovers not fighters." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1785 (2014): 20140281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0281.

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Female mate choice and male–male competition are the typical mechanisms of sexual selection. However, these two mechanisms do not always favour the same males. Furthermore, it has recently become clear that female choice can sometimes benefit males that reduce female fitness. So whether male–male competition and female choice favour the same or different males, and whether or not females benefit from mate choice, remain open questions. In the horned beetle, Gnatocerus cornutus, males have enlarged mandibles used to fight rivals, and larger mandibles provide a mating advantage when there is dir

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12

Moore, Allen J., Patricia Adair Gowaty, William G. Wallin, and Patricia J. Moore. "Sexual conflict and the evolution of female mate choice and male social dominance." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 268, no. 1466 (2001): 517–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1399.

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13

Benvenuto, Chiara, and Stephen C. Weeks. "Intersexual conflict during mate guarding in an androdioecious crustacean." Behavioral Ecology 23, no. 1 (2012): 218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arr178.

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14

Gavrilets, Sergey, Göran Arnqvist, and Urban Friberg. "The evolution of female mate choice by sexual conflict." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 268, no. 1466 (2001): 531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1382.

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15

Jennions, Michael D. "SEXUAL TENSION: DOES CONFLICT LEAD TO COSTLY MATE CHOICE?" Evolution 60, no. 2 (2006): 415–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01120.x.

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16

Snell, Terry W., Jerry Kim, Edgar Zelaya, and Rachel Resop. "Mate choice and sexual conflict in Brachionus plicatilis (Rotifera)." Hydrobiologia 593, no. 1 (2007): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-9065-6.

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17

Jormalainen, Veijo, Juha Tuomi, and Norio Yamamura. "Intersexual conflict over precopula duration in mate guarding crustacea." Behavioural Processes 32, no. 3 (1994): 265–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0376-6357(94)90047-7.

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18

van den Berg, Pieter, Tim W. Fawcett, Abraham P. Buunk, and Franz J. Weissing. "The evolution of parent–offspring conflict over mate choice." Evolution and Human Behavior 34, no. 6 (2013): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2013.07.004.

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19

Svensson, Erik I., Anna Runemark, Machteld N. Verzijden, and Maren Wellenreuther. "Sex differences in developmental plasticity and canalization shape population divergence in mate preferences." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1797 (2014): 20141636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1636.

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Sexual selection of high-quality mates can conflict with species recognition if traits that govern intraspecific mate preferences also influence interspecific recognition. This conflict might be resolved by developmental plasticity and learned mate preferences, which could drive preference divergence in populations that differ in local species composition. We integrate field and laboratory experiments on two calopterygid damselfly species with population genetic data to investigate how sex differences in developmental plasticity affect population divergence in the face of gene flow. Whereas ma

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20

MacPherson, Alison, Li Yun, Tania S. Barrera, Aneil F. Agrawal, and Howard D. Rundle. "The effects of male harm vary with female quality and environmental complexity in Drosophila melanogaster." Biology Letters 14, no. 8 (2018): 20180443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0443.

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Mate competition provides the opportunity for sexual selection which often acts strongly on males, but also the opportunity for sexual conflict that can alter natural selection on females. Recent attention has focused on the potential of sexual conflict to weaken selection on females if male sexual attention, and hence harm, is disproportionately directed towards high- over low-quality females, thereby reducing the fitness difference between these females. However, sexual conflict could instead strengthen selection on females if low-quality females are more sensitive to male harm than high-qua

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21

Sæther, Stein Are, Peder Fiske, and John Atle Kålås. "Male mate choice, sexual conflict and strategic allocation of copulations in a lekking bird." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 268, no. 1481 (2001): 2097–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2001.1745.

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22

Brockmann, H. Jane, and Alan Grafen. "Mate conflict and male behaviour in a solitary wasp, Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) politum (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)." Animal Behaviour 37 (February 1989): 232–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-3472(89)90113-9.

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23

Casalini, Mara, Muna Agbali, Martin Reichard, Markéta Konečná, Anna Bryjová, and Carl Smith. "MALE DOMINANCE, FEMALE MATE CHOICE, AND INTERSEXUAL CONFLICT IN THE ROSE BITTERLING (RHODEUS OCELLATUS)." Evolution 63, no. 2 (2009): 366–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00555.x.

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24

Griffith, Simon C., Sarah R. Pryke, and William A. Buttemer. "Constrained mate choice in social monogamy and the stress of having an unattractive partner." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1719 (2011): 2798–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.2672.

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In socially monogamous animals, mate choice is constrained by the availability of unpaired individuals in the local population. Here, we experimentally investigate the physiological stress endured by a female (the choosy sex) when pairing with a non-preferred social partner. In two experimental contexts, female Gouldian finches ( Erythrura gouldiae ) socially paired with poor-quality mates had levels of circulating corticosterone that were three to four times higher than those observed in females that were paired with preferred mates. The elevated level of this stress hormone in response to pa

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25

Pfennig, Karin S. "The evolution of mate choice and the potential for conflict between species and mate–quality recognition." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 265, no. 1407 (1998): 1743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1998.0497.

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26

Galipaud, Matthias, François-Xavier Dechaume-Moncharmont, Abderrahim Oughadou, and Loïc Bollache. "Does foreplay matter? Gammarus pulex females may benefit from long-lasting precopulatory mate guarding." Biology Letters 7, no. 3 (2010): 333–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0924.

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Precopulatory mate guarding (PCMG) is generally assumed to be costly for both sexes. However, males may gain by displaying long-lasting mate guarding under strong male–male competition. Surprisingly, the potential for females to benefit from being held by males has been largely overlooked in previous studies. In Gammarus pulex , an amphipod crustacean, PCMG lasts several weeks, yet females are described as bearing only cost from such male mating strategy. We investigated potential female benefits by assessing the effect of mate guarding on her intermoult duration. Unpaired females had longer i

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27

Dubbs, Shelli L., and Abraham P. Buunk. "Parents Just Don't Understand: Parent-Offspring Conflict over Mate Choice." Evolutionary Psychology 8, no. 4 (2010): 147470491000800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147470491000800405.

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28

Jennions, Michael D. "SEXUAL TENSION: DOES CONFLICT LEAD TO COSTLY MATE CHOICE?1." Evolution 60, no. 2 (2006): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1554/br06-5.1.

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29

Dunay, Pál. "osce Conflict Management in Central Asia." Security and Human Rights 27, no. 3-4 (2016): 479–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18750230-02703002.

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Conflicts and their management in Central Asia have never been prioritised by the osce although five states of the region are among its participating states. This has been due to that unlike in some other parts of the post-Soviet space most of the conflicts did not threaten with military escalation, and the intensity of strategic rivalry is less noticeable in this distant part of the osce area than closer to the heart of Europe. The fact Russia is not a direct party to the conflicts in Central Asia also reduces the interests of many participating states. There was one high intensity conflict i

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30

Kuester, Jutta, and Andreas Paul. "Influence of Male Competition and Female Mate Choice On Male Mating Success in Barbary Macaques (Macaca Sylvanus)." Behaviour 120, no. 3-4 (1992): 192–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853992x00606.

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AbstractTo evaluate the importance of male competition and female mate choice for male mating success in Barbary macaques, focal female observations during the conceptional estrus were conducted in a large semifree-ranging group. Analysis of sexual behaviour included 121.7 h of observation of 19 focal females. In addition, ad libitum recorded male agonistic interactions, occurring in the vicinity of the focal females, were analyzed. Both sexes initiated sexual associations, and females were found almost always in contact (within 2 m) with a male. Most matings took place within 1 min after cont

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31

Witte, Klaudia, Nina Kniel, and Ilka Maria Kureck. "Mate-choice copying: Status quo and where to go." Current Zoology 61, no. 6 (2015): 1073–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/61.6.1073.

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Abstract Mate-choice copying is a fascinating and widespread mate-choice strategy. Individuals gather public information about potential mates by observing others during sexual interactions and choose or reject the same individual as a mate as the observed individual did before. The influence of copying behavior on an individual’s mate choice can be so strong that socially acquired information can override genetically based preferences for certain phenotypes. Thus, mate-choice copying enforces dynamic processes in sexual selection. Here, we review the current state of research on mate-choice c

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32

Summers, Kyle. "Sexual conflict and deception in poison frogs." Current Zoology 60, no. 1 (2014): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/60.1.37.

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Abstract I review evidence that females deceive males in the context of sexual selection and sexual conflict in the green poison frog, Dendrobates auratus. In this species, males mate polygynously when they have the opportunity, but polygyny imposes a cost on female reproductive success. Some females attempt to guard their mates when those males are approached by other females. This behavior involves both aggression toward other females and active “pseudo-courtship” of the male. This courtship is hypothesized to be a deceptive signal that functions to prevent the male from mating with other fe

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33

Cureton II, James, Raelynn Deaton, and Rachel Martin. "Short term changes in sex ratio and density alter coercive male mating tactics." Behaviour 147, no. 11 (2010): 1431–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/000579510x519495.

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AbstractShort term fluctuations in operational sex ratio (OSR) and density can strongly influence male mating, often exacerbating conflict between males and females. Livebearing fishes of the genus Gambusia are ideal for investigating sexual conflict because males of all sizes mate coercively. In this study, we tested how short-term fluctuations in OSR and density influence coercive male mating behaviours. Specifically, we tested the prediction that as OSR becomes more female biased, males will mate with all available females. In contrast, as OSR becomes more male biased, male aggression will

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34

Hosken, D. J., O. Y. Martin, J. Born, and F. Huber. "Sexual conflict in Sepsis cynipsea: female reluctance, fertility and mate choice." Journal of Evolutionary Biology 16, no. 3 (2003): 485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1420-9101.2003.00537.x.

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35

Shuker, D. M. "Mate sampling and the sexual conflict over mating in seaweed flies." Behavioral Ecology 13, no. 1 (2002): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/13.1.83.

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36

Bovet, Jeanne, Eva Raiber, Weiwei Ren, Charlotte Wang, and Paul Seabright. "Parent-offspring conflict over mate choice: An experimental study in China." British Journal of Psychology 109, no. 4 (2018): 674–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12319.

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37

Hoy, Ronald R. "Hawaiian love songs: Coevolutionary conflict between mate attraction and parasite escape." Current Biology 35, no. 5 (2025): R189—R191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2025.01.038.

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38

Zhang, Shichang, Matjaž Kuntner, and Daiqin Li. "Mate binding: male adaptation to sexual conflict in the golden orb-web spider (Nephilidae: Nephila pilipes)." Animal Behaviour 82, no. 6 (2011): 1299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.09.010.

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39

Hill, Geoffrey E. "Trait elaboration via adaptive mate choice: sexual conflict in the evolution of signals of male quality." Ethology Ecology & Evolution 6, no. 3 (1994): 351–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08927014.1994.9522986.

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40

Judge, Kevin A., Paul A. De Luca, and Glenn K. Morris. "Food limitation causes female haglids to mate more often." Canadian Journal of Zoology 89, no. 10 (2011): 992–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z11-078.

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Sexual conflict over mating rate has selected for male adaptations to induce females to mate. These inducements can be either coercive or enticing, and there is a growing realization that males of a given species may employ both tactics simultaneously to acquire mating success. Insects in the genus Cyphoderris Uhler, 1864 (Orthoptera: Haglidae) have a unique breeding system in which females feed on the fleshy hind wings of males during copulation, but as mating proceeds males use a specialized abdominal pinching organ known as a gin trap to hold the female until she copulates with him. Previou

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41

Chagnon, Napoleon A., Robert F. Lynch, Mary K. Shenk, Raymond Hames, and Mark V. Flinn. "Cross-cousin marriage among the Yanomamö shows evidence of parent–offspring conflict and mate competition between brothers." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 13 (2017): E2590—E2607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1618655114.

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Marriage in many traditional societies often concerns the institutionalized exchange of reproductive partners among groups of kin. Such exchanges most often involve cross-cousins—marriage with the child of a parent’s opposite-sex sibling—but it is unclear who benefits from these exchanges. Here we analyze the fitness consequences of marrying relatives among the Yanomamö from the Amazon. When individuals marry close kin, we find that (i) both husbands and wives have slightly lower fertility; (ii) offspring suffer from inbreeding depression; (iii) parents have more grandchildren; and (iv) siblin

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42

Yun, Li, Patrick J. Chen, Kevin E. Kwok, Christopher S. Angell, Howard D. Rundle, and Aneil F. Agrawal. "Competition for mates and the improvement of nonsexual fitness." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 26 (2018): 6762–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805435115.

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Competition for mates can be a major source of selection, not just on secondary sexual traits but across the genome. Mate competition strengthens selection on males via sexual selection, which typically favors healthy, vigorous individuals and, thus, all genetic variants that increase overall quality. However, recent studies suggest another major effect of mate competition that could influence genome-wide selection: Sexual harassment by males can drastically weaken selection on quality in females. Because of these conflicting effects, the net effect of mate competition is uncertain, although p

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43

Brennan, Patricia L. R., and Richard O. Prum. "The limits of sexual conflict in the narrow sense: new insights from waterfowl biology." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1600 (2012): 2324–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0284.

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Sexual conflict occurs when the evolutionary interests of the sexes differ and it broadly applies to decisions over mating, fertilization and parental investment. Recently, a narrower view of sexual conflict has emerged in which direct selection on females to avoid male-imposed costs during mating is considered the distinguishing feature of conflict, while indirect selection is considered negligible. In this view, intersexual selection via sensory bias is seen as the most relevant mechanism by which male traits that harm females evolve, with antagonistic coevolution between female preferences

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44

Aulia, Hirpa, and Jaka Farih Agustian. "Analisis Fenomena Pencarian Jodoh Melalui Aplikasi Kencan Tinder Dalam Keterbukaan Diri Pengguna di Kota Samarinda." Jurnal Indonesia : Manajemen Informatika dan Komunikasi 5, no. 1 (2024): 308–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35870/jimik.v5i1.451.

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The emergence of the Tinder dating application as a form of technological progress is utilized by many people to meet the needs of human life in finding a life partner. Tinder appears to make it easier for individuals to get acquainted with new people they meet on the internet. The process of communication and interaction changes. In starting a relationship, self-disclosure is the first step in achieving a deep relationship. In this case, the process of self-disclosure is a process of disclosing personal information. Personality disclosure affects the intimacy of a relationship. The purpose of

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45

Miura, Y., and S. Goshima. "Temporal dynamics of intersexual conflict and the effect of male quality on female fecundity in the marine isopod Cleantiella isopus." Behaviour 153, no. 5 (2016): 569–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003364.

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Crustacean males grasp and/or guard females before copulation to ensure mating, but females typically resist males during pair formation. The benefit of resistance for females might allow (1) females to optimize mate quality, or (2) to avoid costs incurred during guarding. However, it has not been fully investigated which benefits actually improve female fitness. Here we investigated female resistance, temporal dynamics of intersexual conflict during reproduction, and the effect of male size and male mating frequency on female fecundity in the marine isopod,Cleantiella isopusto examine the rel

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46

Simmons, Leigh W., and Rebecca Holley. "Offspring viability benefits but no apparent costs of mating with high quality males." Biology Letters 7, no. 3 (2010): 419–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0976.

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Traditional models of sexual selection posit that male courtship signals evolve as indicators of underlying male genetic quality. An alternative hypothesis is that sexual conflict over mating generates antagonistic coevolution between male courtship persistence and female resistance. In the scarabaeine dung beetle Onthophagus taurus , females are more likely to mate with males that have high courtship rates. Here, we examine the effects of exposing females to males with either high or low courtship rates on female lifetime productivity and offspring viability. Females exposed to males with hig

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47

P. Buunk, Abraham. "The Universality of Parent-Offspring Conflict over Mate Choice: A Study in Suriname." Journal of Psychology and Personality Disorders 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.56391/jppd.2022.1010.

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A number of studies have shown parents tend to have a relatively stronger preference for children to pair with mates with characteristics signaling high parental investment and cooperation with the in-group, whereas children tend to have a relatively stronger preference to pair with mates with characteristics signaling genetic quality. The present research among 500 adults from the five major ethnic groups in Suriname showed that in all groups the same parent-offspring conflict was observed as had been found previously in Argentina, Japan, Kurdistan, North America, the Netherlands, and Uruguay

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48

Schleicher, Brigitte, Francisco Valera, and Herbert Hoi. "The Conflict between Nest Guarding and Mate Guarding in Penduline Tits (Remiz pendulinus)." Ethology 95, no. 2 (2010): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1993.tb00466.x.

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49

Arnqvist, Göran. "Pre-copulatory fighting in a water strider: inter-sexual conflict or mate assessment?" Animal Behaviour 43, no. 4 (1992): 559–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-3472(05)81016-4.

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50

Nandy, Bodhisatta, Vanika Gupta, Sharmi Sen, et al. "Evolution of mate-harm, longevity and behaviour in male fruit flies subjected to different levels of interlocus conflict." BMC Evolutionary Biology 13, no. 1 (2013): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-212.

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