Academic literature on the topic 'Material incentives'
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Journal articles on the topic "Material incentives"
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Akinina, Ksenia O., and Olga A. Rasskazova. "Features of Personnel Motivation and Incentivization in the Electric Power Industry." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, no. 55 (2021): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19988648/55/6.
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The article discusses the role of human resources in the efficiency of an organization. Employees influence the result of the company’s activities and make the company competitive in the market. The authors consider incentives as part of the HR management system and analyze the relationships between an incentive scheme and labor productivity, an incentive scheme and staff turnover, an incentive scheme and competitiveness. The authors note the importance of the electric power industry in the economy of the Russian Federation, investigate the labor market in electrical engineering in St. Petersburg, and determine a range of problems. Incentives are classified into types. The incentive system of the enterprise includes material incentives and non-material incentives. Material incentives are divided into material monetary incentives and material non-monetary incentives. Material monetary incentives consist of basic wages and additional wages. Material non-monetary incentives are material benefits and rights, as well as non-monetary forms of remuneration. Features of material incentives in the industry are noted. Enterprises in the industry use a lot of material incentives. The study shows that the majority of workers in the electric power industry are satisfied with the material incentives. Non-material incentives consist of moral incentives, organizational incentives, and work time incentives. Systematic informing of staff, organization of corporate events, official recognition of achievements, and regulation of relationships in the team are moral incentives. Improving the quality of employees’ working life, managing an employee’s career, involving the team in the management process, and organizing labor competitions are organizational incentives. Provision of additional rest time, establishment of flexible working hours, and use of flexible forms of employment are work time incentives. Features of non-material incentives for personnel in the electric power industry are analyzed. Leading enterprises of the electric power industry use company websites to inform staff. Organization of corporate events is a common incentivization method at Russian enterprises. Sports activities are most effective for increasing productivity. Enterprises of the industry do not organize creative competitions, but such competitions are necessary for satisfying the need in the implementation of employees’ creative abilities. Official recognition of merit in the power industry is manifested in the placement of the best employees’ photos on the honor board and in the granting of awards. Relationships in the team are regulated by codes of corporate ethics. The results of a special assessment of jobs at enterprises of the industry demonstrate that there are no optimal working conditions in the electric power industry. Practice shows that the opportunity of career advancement depends on the scale of the enterprise: the larger the number of staff, the more ramified the management structure and the more opportunities for career advancement. Involvement of teams in the management is difficult due the large number of enterprises in the industry. Labor competitions for teams are organized, and they are very efficient for the industry. Enterprises do not give work time incentives. The authors make recommendations on how to use various incentives at enterprises of the energy industry and name the factors influencing the incentive system.
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Zalainé Piros, Márta. "Study of Educational Motivation among Agricultural Managers." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 9 (December 10, 2002): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/9/3577.
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It is a priority for companies to utilise human resources as much as possible. The form and effectiveness of the utilisation of labour largely depends on how much the manager of the company and the human resource management area support and encourage labour to develop individually and work more efficiently – as far as the size of the company justifies and allows. Effective incentive methods have to be set and run. Training incentives will have to play an important part in the future.There has been no major difference between training incentives between managers and subordinates. Material incentives continue to be the key factor. For managers, exchange of information is currently a primary training incentive, as is the opportunity to meet other experts and exchange their ideas. Further, performance-related payment and bonuses applied jointly are also some material incentives. In the future, material incentives will gain in importance. For subordinates, the operation of material incentives is currently highly important as a training incentive. This is not expected to change in the future either, while expectations linked to quality work will strengthen.
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Yali, A. I. "Incentive measures applied to civil servants: legislative regulation in Eastern European States." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 3, no. 88 (2025): 112–16. https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2025.88.3.16.
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The article is devoted to the study of legislative regulation of incentive measures applied to civil servants in the countries of Eastern Europe. A comparative analysis is conducted of legislative approaches to the legal regulation of incentives for civil servants in Bulgaria, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Hungary, and the Czech Republic. The relevance of the research is determined by the ongoing reform of the civil service in Ukraine, aimed at enhancing its efficiency and professionalism, as well as the country’s European integration aspirations, which necessitates the study of the experience of European countries in this area. The study reveals a variety of approaches to the classification and types of incentives. Bulgaria’s legislation is limited to non-material forms of incentives (such as achievement certificates, badges of honour). In contrast, Romania and Poland prioritize material incentives (such as monetary bonuses and awards). A combined approach, incorporating both material and non-material incentives, is observed in the Czech Republic and Moldova. The legislation of Hungary and Slovakia is characterized by more general regulation: the sectoral laws of these countries merely declare the possibility of applying incentives without specifying their types or procedures for implementation. The study concludes that there is no unified approach to the legislative regulation of civil service incentives across Eastern European states. Differences are observed in terminology, classification of incentive types, and the role of material and non-material forms of incentives. In some countries, incentive measures are regulated in detail, while in others, the relevant provisions are of a general nature or not enshrined at all at the level of specialized state (civil, public) service laws. The article emphasizes the importance of taking into account the experience of Eastern European countries in the process of improving Ukraine’s legislation in the field of civil service, particularly with regard to incentives. An analysis of these approaches may contribute to the development of a more effective incentive system that reflects the specific characteristics of civil service in Ukraine.
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Ormel, Hermen, Maryse Kok, Sumit Kane, et al. "Salaried and voluntary community health workers: exploring how incentives and expectation gaps influence motivation." Human Resources for Health 17, no. 1 (2019): 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-019-0387-z.
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<strong>Background: </strong>The recent publication of the WHO guideline on support to optimise community health worker (CHW) programmes illustrates the renewed attention for the need to strengthen the performance of CHWs. Performance partly depends on motivation, which in turn is influenced by incentives. This paper aims to critically analyse the use of incentives and their link with improving CHW motivation.<strong>Methods: </strong>We undertook a comparative analysis on the linkages between incentives and motivation based on existing datasets of qualitative studies in six countries. These studies had used a conceptual framework on factors influencing CHW performance, where motivational factors were defined as financial, material, non-material and intrinsic and had undertaken semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with CHWs, supervisors, health managers and selected community members.<strong>Results: </strong>We found that (a mix of) incentives influence motivation in a similar and sometimes different way across contexts. The mode of CHW engagement (employed vs. volunteering) influenced how various forms of incentives affect each other as well as motivation. Motivation was negatively influenced by incentive-related "expectation gaps", including lower than expected financial incentives, later than expected payments, fewer than expected material incentives and job enablers, and unequally distributed incentives across groups of CHWs. Furthermore, we found that incentives could cause friction for the interface role of CHWs between communities and the health sector.<strong>Conclusions: </strong>Whether CHWs are employed or engaged as volunteers has implications for the way incentives influence motivation. Intrinsic motivational factors are important to and experienced by both types of CHWs, yet for many salaried CHWs, they do not compensate for the demotivation derived from the perceived low level of financial reward. Overall, introducing and/or sustaining a form of financial incentive seems key towards strengthening CHW motivation. Adequate expectation management regarding financial and material incentives is essential to prevent frustration about expectation gaps or "broken promises", which negatively affect motivation. Consistently receiving the type and amount of incentives promised appears as important to sustain motivation as raising the absolute level of incentives.
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MAZORENKO, Oksana, Oleksandr BOBLOVSKYI, and Zhou WU. "NEW EXPLORATION OF TALENT INCENTIVES IN CATERING ENTERPRISES UNDER STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PRACTICE: CASE OF GUANGZHOU RESTAURANT." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 340, no. 2 (2025): 518–22. https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2025-340-82.
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This article deeply analyzes how catering enterprises, relying on strategic management practices, carefully carve out the talent incentive mechanism of catering enterprises, thereby revitalizing the enterprise. We not only explore the positive role of various theoretical frameworks and management strategies such as scientific management principles, economic incentive mechanisms, and team dynamics principles in talent incentives, but also through a meticulous analysis of Guangzhou Restaurant, reveal the core driving force of leadership in the incentive chain, the indispensability of teamwork in creating an atmosphere, the direct improvement of talent satisfaction by rational resource allocation, and the solid backing of risk management in ensuring the sense of security of talents. Faced with the various challenges of personnel incentives in catering enterprises, we analyze them individually and propose coping strategies. At the same time, this article emphasizes the critical role of personalized salary plans, diversified incentives, and continuous communication in stimulating talent potential and innovative vitality. Suggested recommendations are formed for the Guangzhou Restaurant. Guangzhou Restaurant cleverly integrates material incentives with non-material incentives, greatly enhancing talents' loyalty and work enthusiasm. This article focuses on the outstanding contribution of Guangzhou Restaurant's strategic management in optimizing talent incentives and improving team performance. It provides valuable references and inspiration for other catering companies in talent management and incentives, helping them to stand out in the fierce market competition and move forward steadily.
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Jin, Siyu. "A Review of Research on Employee Incentive Mechanisms and Firm Performance from the Perspective of Behavioral Economics." Transactions on Economics, Business and Management Research 12 (September 28, 2024): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/qf9abt26.
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This paper reviews the relationship between employee incentives and corporate performance from the perspective of behavioral economics. As the limitations of traditional material incentive theory gradually emerge, behavioral economics provides new theoretical support for the optimization of incentive mechanisms. This paper first explores the core concepts of behavioral economics, including loss aversion, intrinsic motivation, framing effects and social norms, and compares them with traditional incentive theories. By analyzing the additions and modifications of behavioral economics to incentives, it reveals how it affects incentive design, which in turn improves employee motivation and corporate performance. In addition, this paper demonstrates the successful application of behavioral economics principles in corporate incentives by combining practical cases and discusses the marginal effects and potential problems of incentives. Finally, this paper summarizes the effectiveness of the application of behavioral economics in the design of incentives and proposes directions for future research, such as personalized incentives, long-term incentive effects, cross-cultural research and technology-driven incentive design. The study shows that by scientifically designing incentive mechanisms, companies can more effectively motivate employees, improve overall performance, and achieve long-term sustainable development.
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Ivanova, Elena, and Elena Kolesnichenko. "ANALYSIS AND DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE SYSTEM OF INCENTIVES FOR EMPLOYEES IN THE CIVIL SERVICE." Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice 9, no. 2 (2021): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2021-9-2-49-61.
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The article examines the actual problem of stimulating the work of civil servants. The authors analyzed the theoretical aspects of motivation and stimulation and concluded that the interpretations of the concepts of motivation and stimulation have significant differences, and the emphasis should be on the combination of material and non-material tools. The analysis of the motivation system for civil servants was carried out on the basis of materials from one of the departments of the regional administration. It was revealed that for certain structural divisions of the civil service, an outflow of personnel is characteristic, and the main reasons are: dissatisfaction with the level of material support; discrepancy between the level of wages and the costs of individual resources for the implementation of labor activities; lack of recognition of their merits. The authors analyzed the content of tangible and intangible instruments in the public administration system and concluded that the main principles of intangible incentives for civil servants should be: justice, equal opportunities, objectivity, consistency, transparency, awareness. Recommendations on the effective use of the system of non-material incentives are offered: ways of non-material incentives for an employee should be tangible; carry out only an objective assessment of the results of activities; the criteria should be made clear, transparent and easily verifiable; the indicators, in accordance with the achievement of which the incentive is carried out, must be achievable; control at all stages of measures for non-material incentives for employees.
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Burton, Alexandra, Stamatina Marougka, and Stefan Priebe. "Do financial incentives increase treatment adherence in people with severe mental illness? A systematic review." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 19, no. 3 (2010): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00001160.
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SUMMARYAim – To identify whether financial or material incentives improve treatment adherence in people with severe mental illness. Method – A systematic review of studies published between 1950 and 2008 was conducted. EMBASE, MEDLINE, EBM, AMED and PsycINFO were searched. Studies were included if a financial or material incentive was offered and if the sample had a severe mental illness. Results – Fourteen articles were identified; three studies on adherence to psychiatric treatment and one on physical exercise. Ten articles used incentives for adherence to substance misuse treatment programmes. In all studies, financial incentives were associated with an increase in adherence; however the effect was not always maintained once the incentive was withdrawn. Conclusion – While existing research suggests that financial incentives may improve treatment adherence in severely mentally ill populations, very few studies focus on psychiatric treatment. Further research may address the long term effectiveness of incentives on adherence in this population.Declaration of Interest: The authors on this paper were supported by funds from the Wellcome Trust. All authors worked on a Wellcome Trust funded qualitative focus group study exploring stakeholder views on offering patients financial incentives to adhere to antipsychotic medication. Priebe is also lead applicant on a National Institute of Health Research (England) (NIHR) awarded grant to conduct a clinical trial on the use of financial incentives to achieve maintenance antipsychotic medication adherence.
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Ding, Xiu-Hao, Yuanqiong He, Jiang Wu, and Chen Cheng. "Effects of positive incentive and negative incentive in knowledge transfer: carrot and stick." Chinese Management Studies 10, no. 3 (2016): 593–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-01-2016-0006.
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Purpose Employees play a central role in firms’ knowledge transferal, but knowledge-sharing brings significant costs for employees. Thus, this study aims to explore the components of firms’ incentive systems and how these influence employees’ knowledge-sharing, and also to test whether employees’ knowledge-sharing intentions transform into better knowledge transfer performance at the firm level. Design/methodology/approach This study collected data in China, and 219 usable questionnaires were collected. Then, this study used a structure equation model by LISREL for hypotheses testing. Findings This study finds that positive economic incentives, positive relational incentives and negative relational incentives all increase employees’ knowledge-sharing intentions, contributing to firms’ improved knowledge-transfer performance. Thus, both positive and negative incentives and both economic and relational incentives exert influences on employees’ knowledge-sharing activities. Practical implications Because employees have both material and emotional needs and always want to approach good things and avoid bad things, firms should take measures to make their incentive systems more comprehensive. Then, employees can be motivated to share their knowledge effectively. Originality/value Existing studies have mainly explored the effects of positive economic incentives on knowledge transferal. Because individuals have both a promotion self-regulatory focus associated with an approach motivation and a prevention self-regulatory focus associated with an avoidance motivation, and because they have both material and emotional needs, this study classifies incentives into three types and confirms their effectiveness for motivating employees to share knowledge.
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Schneckenberg, Dirk. "Strategic Incentive Systems For Open Innovation." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 30, no. 1 (2013): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v30i1.8283.
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<p class="AbsKeyBibli">Our paper presents a cross-sectional study of incentive systems for open innovation practices. Organisations face the challenge to design and implement strategic incentive systems which reward active contributions of individuals to open innovation practices. We refer to contributions from psychology and economics to develop a framework for organisational incentive systems. We have conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 experts in Germany and the Netherlands. The experts work in firms which are both international top players and open innovation pioneers in their respective industries. The results show that all organisations in the sample develop incentives for open innovation. The key strategic function of incentive systems is to open mind-sets of the workforce and to overcome mental barriers of the 'not invented here' syndrome. Immaterial and in particular task content incentives have been judged to have a more efficient long-term impact than material incentives. While experts have emphasised the importance of aligning incentives systems to open innovation strategies, in practice many incentive approaches still remain patchwork and lack a clear strategic focus.</p>
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Material incentives"
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Лук`янихіна, Олена Анатоліївна, Елена Анатольевна Лукьянихина, Olena Anatoliivna Lukianykhina та Н. С. Товмасян. "Материальное стимулирование работников на современных предприятиях". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18901.
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Skelton, Alexandra Clara Hansa. "The motivations for material efficiency : incentives and trade-offs along the steel sector supply chain." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648109.
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Colsky, Andrew E. "Public/private partnerships with hazardous material motor carriers creating incentives to increase Security Through Assessed Risk (STAR)." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Dec/08Dec%5FColsky.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2008.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Woolman, Lauren. "December 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 28, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-89). Also available in print.
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Барбаш, Г. В. "Система мотивації праці як елемент процесу управління персоналом в умовах загострення конкуренції". Thesis, Чернігів, 2021. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/24913.
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Барбаш, Г. В. Система мотивації праці як елемент процесу управління персоналом в умовах загострення конкуренції : випускна кваліфікаційна робота : 073 «Менеджмент» / Г. В. Барбаш ; керівник роботи Г. М. Самійленко ; НУ "Чернігівська політехніка", кафедра менеджменту та державної служби. – Чернігів, 2021. – 70 с.<br>Об’єкт дослідження : процесний підхід до удосконалення існуючої системи мотивації персоналу ТОВ «Спортмастер» для підвищення конкурентних переваг організації.
Предмет дослідження – теоретичні, методологічні та прикладні аспекти спрямовані на удосконалення мотивації праці на підприємстві «Спортмастер».
Метою роботи є оцінка існуючої системи мотивації праці на підприємстві «Спортмастер» та розробка заходів щодо підвищення її ефективності.
Методи дослідження – метод наукового пізнання, логічне узагальнення, системний підхід, графічний метод, порівняння, статистичний аналіз.
В результаті проведеного аналізу на ТОВ «Спортмастер» виявлено існуючі недоліки та розроблена система мотивації, яка сприятиме підвищенню ефективності діяльності організації в умовах загострення конкуренції.
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Liu, Xuejiao, and 刘雪娇. "The effects of CEO equity-based compensation on firm promptness in remedying material weaknesses in internal control." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/200360.
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This thesis investigates how chief executive officer (CEO) equity incentives affect the remediation of material weaknesses (MWs) in internal control. First, we predict that the sensitivity of CEO stock and stock option portfolios to stock price (CEO price sensitivity or delta) has a positive impact on firm promptness in remedying MWs, because CEOs whose personal wealth is tied to stock price suffer losses from negative market reactions to the public disclosure of MWs. Second, we predict that the sensitivity of CEO stock option portfolio to stock-return volatility (CEO volatility sensitivity or vega) has a negative impact on firm promptness in remedying MWs, as firms with internal control weaknesses are associated with higher information and operating risks that manifest in stock return volatility.
Our empirical results, based on a sample of firms disclosing MWs in internal control under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) during November 15, 2003 and August 27, 2006, are consistent with the above predictions. We further provide evidence that an effective board of directors could mitigate the undesirable, negative impact of CEO volatility sensitivity on MWs remediation. We measure firms’ promptness in remedying MWs based on their subsequent internal control audit opinions (e.g., Ashbaugh-Skaife et al. 2008; Goh 2009); and CEO price (volatility) sensitivity as the dollar change in CEO stock and option portfolios (option portfolio) from a 1 percent change in stock price (Core and Guay 2002).
This thesis is innovative with respect to the prediction and evidence of the opposing effects from CEO price and volatility sensitivities on internal control quality. This new evidence contributes to the literature that examines managerial incentives embedded in stock-based and option-based compensation plans in various economic contexts (e.g., Knopf et al. 2002; Coles et al. 2006; Low 2009; Armstrong et al. 2013). Our findings suggest that when stock constitutes a major part of CEO compensation, the mandatory disclosure requirement of SOX provides a channel for the stock market to discipline CEO. However, when options dominate CEO compensation, volatility sensitivity and the associated risk-taking incentive can cause CEOs to delay rectifying internal control deficiencies. These results have interesting policy implications for regulators and firms concerning mandatory disclosure and compensation design. Moreover, this thesis contributes to the broad literature on corporate governance by documenting an interaction between corporate governance and CEO incentives, namely that strong corporate governance mitigates the undesirable risking-taking incentive caused by CEO option holdings. Overall, this thesis deepens our understanding on mechanisms through which regulators, firm executives, and boards of directors strengthen internal control over financial reporting in the post-SOX era.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Business<br>Doctoral<br>Doctor of Philosophy
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Боярчук, Л. В. "Матеріальне стимулювання праці як складова управління персоналу". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34585.
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Основою управління персоналом залишається система матеріального стимулювання працівників, що дозволяє значно підвищити кінцеві результати трудової діяльності.
При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34585
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Powell-Jackson, Timothy. "Financial incentives for maternal health evaluation of a national programme in Nepal." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2010. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682416/.
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People often behave in ways that are not in their best long term interest. Financial incentives are increasingly being used by governments to persuade individuals to improve health-related behaviours. In developing countries, financial incentives have been shown to increase uptake of preventive health interventions, but it is not well understood whether financial incentives are effective when targeted towards more complex types of care or when implemented at scale in low-income countries. This thesis explores the impact of financial incentives on health seeking behaviour, in the context of the Safe Delivery Incentive Programme (SDIP) in Nepal. Launched nationwide in 2005, the SDIP seeks to encourage greater use of professional care at childbirth by providing cash to women after they give birth in a health facility, as well as an exemption from user fees for those residing in the least developed districts. The thesis develops a theoretical model of the programme's causal pathway and draws on consumer choice theory to derive a set of predictions. These are tested empirically using a variety of econometric methods applied to household data (from a secondary data source and a primary data source). The analysis comprises three main parts. First, it estimates the demand for maternity care using discrete choice models to understand the most important factors influencing a household's decision of where to give birth. By focusing on the role of price, this analysis serves as an ex-ante evaluation of the SDIP. Second, it investigates implementation of the SDIP. The analysis uses a number of key process indicators that emerge from the conceptual framework to explore what factors may have constrained the implementation process. Third, it estimates the impact of the SDIP on health seeking behaviour at childbirth in two areas of Nepal using propensity score matching and longitudinal methods of analysis. It finds that the programme had a modest impact on utilisation of women who had heard of the SDIP, but because programme uptake was low, it has led to only a small increase in skilled birth attendance across the entire population. Implications for financial incentive programmes and maternal health care in low- income countries are explored.
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Silva, Mariana Bergmann da. "Otimização de redes de distribuição física considerando incentivo fiscal baseado no crédito presumido de ICMS." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3148/tde-08012008-164701/.
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Este trabalho estuda a influência de determinados incentivos fiscais relacionados ao Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços na estruturação de projetos de rede de distribuição física. O objetivo consiste em desenvolver um modelo matemático que determine uma logística de menor custo considerando incentivos fiscais com base no crédito presumido, em que a característica do cálculo do incentivo é um crédito proporcional ao valor da base de cálculo das notas fiscais com saídas para venda. Para tanto, estruturou-se um modelo de Programação Linear Inteira Mista. A função objetivo do modelo foi estruturada para minimizar os custos totais, sendo estes compostos por duas parcelas de custos logísticos (frete e armazenagem) e uma parcela referente ao benefício fiscal, que entra como uma parcela negativa na função objetivo, haja visto que o benefício fiscal auferido equivale ao montante do saldo de impostos devido que se deixa de pagar. Alguns cenários que contemplam as características dos incentivos analisados foram estudados aplicando-se o modelo matemático a um problema fictício, formulado com base na rede de distribuição física de uma indústria que produz e comercializa bens de consumo não duráveis. Para que os resultados obtidos fossem realísticos, os valores referentes aos custos logísticos (fretes e transbordo) bem como os volumes e a distribuição da demanda foram levantados com base nos dados reais de um ano de operação dessa mesma indústria.<br>This research evaluates the influence of some specific fiscal benefits related to current states sale taxes for internal and interstate operations over distribution center location decisions. The objective is to develop a mathematic model that determines a distribution network with lower cost considering fiscal benefits based on presumed credit, which is calculated as a proportional value of sales prices. To reach this objective a Mixed Integer Linear Programming model was developed. The optimizing function was structured to minimize the total cost, composed by logistics costs (freight and warehousing) and by fiscal benefit, which is a negative cost function due to the fact that the fiscal benefit is related to the tax that won\'t be paid. Some scenarios considering these fiscal characteristics were studied. The model was applied on a fictitious problem based on the distribution network of a manufacturer that produces and commercializes non durables consumption products. In order to get realistic results, logistics costs (freight and warehousing) and demand parameters were real data gathered from that manufacturer.
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Britze, Andrea [Verfasser], Hans-Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Andreß, and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Wagner. "Welfare State Incentives for Maternal Labor Supply - Individual and Country Level Evidence / Andrea Britze. Gutachter: Hans-Jürgen Andreß ; Michael Wagner." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1053762542/34.
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Comer, Ronald C. "Faculty incentive and reward factors relevant to the development and implementation of computer-assisted instruction materials in a medical school environment /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487265555442034.
Full textBooks on the topic "Material incentives"
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Henley, John S. The development of work incentives in Chinese industrial enterprises: Material versus non-material incentives. University of Edinburgh. Department of Business Studies, 1986.
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Tushkanov, Mihail, Vladimir Vodyannikov, Artem Maksimov, et al. Organization of agricultural production. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1048573.
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The textbook examines the laws and principles of the organization of agricultural production, the essence, organizational and economic foundations of the creation and operation of agricultural enterprises of various organizational and legal forms. The issues of organization and use of resource potential (land, fixed assets, labor), material incentives, economic calculation, intra-economic economic relations are described. The issues of organization of production of crop production, horticulture and animal husbandry, its storage and sale, environmental protection in the production of organic products are disclosed. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For bachelor students studying in the direction of training 38.03.02 " Management "(profiles "Production Management", "Marketing", "Logistics").
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Tushkanov, Mihail, Artem Maksimov, Lyudmila Cherevko, Lyubov' Vinnichek, and Natal'ya Gur'yanova. Organization of production and entrepreneurship in the agro-industrial complex. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1984951.
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The textbook examines the patterns and principles of the organization of agricultural production; describes the essence and organizational and economic foundations of the creation and activities of agricultural organizations of various organizational and legal forms; outlines the issues of the organization and use of resource potential (land, labor, fixed and working capital), the composition and basic principles of the construction and management of the farming system and the crop industry: specializations and combinations of industries, on-farm planning. The principles and methods of labor rationing, forms and systems of its payment, material incentives for employees are disclosed. The material on the organization of crop production branches, the analysis of the production and economic activities of an agricultural enterprise, the organization of entrepreneurial and commercial activities, the nature of risk and the choice of a strategy in entrepreneurial activity is presented.
 Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
 It is intended for students of agricultural universities studying in the agronomic specialty (all profiles).
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(Nigeria), Anambra State. Incentives and investment potentials in Anambra State and natural resources base for industrial raw materials. Anambra State, 1997.
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S, Karelin V., ред. Stimulirovanie povyshenii͡a︡ ėffektivnosti proizvodstva i kachestva stroitelʹnykh materialov. Stroĭizdat, 1986.
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Naumov, Vladimir. Markets information and communication technology and sales organization. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21026.
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In the textbook sets out the basic information about the structure of markets, information and communication technologies (ICT), the methods of their research, assessing the attractiveness and forecasting, criteria and methods of segmentation. Deals with the organization of the sales Department of an IT company, involving analysis of organizational forms, population division, methods of remuneration and non-material incentives for experts dealing with sales of ICT products. Sets out the methodology for strategic sales of complex IT solutions, the technique of negotiation and the basics of neurolinguistic programming.
 The textbook pays attention to the peculiarities of the sales and promotion of ICT products through the Internet, the possibilities of the use of CRM systems. The principles of the organization of partnerships with clients. This methodical approaches to the assessment of the efficiency of the sales Department of an IT company and its sales staff. Discusses the economic evaluation of the project implementation in selling IT solutions.
 The textbook is prepared in accordance with the requirements of Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation.
 Designed for students enrolled in training 38.03.05 "Business-Informatics", but it can be useful to students from other disciplines and practitioners working in the field of information and communication technologies.
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Akopi︠a︡n, I. G. Ėkonomicheskoe stimulirovanie rat︠s︡ionalʹnogo ispolʹzovanii︠a︡ materialʹnykh resursov. Izd-vo AN Armi︠a︡nskoi SSR, 1985.
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Andrea, Keenan, and Georges Danielle, eds. Green building: Project planning & cost estimating : a practical guide for constructing sustainable buildings : cost data for green materials, components & systems, special project requirements, financial analysis & incentives. R.S. Means, 2002.
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Indonesia. Biro Perencanaan dan Informasi. Perkembangan penanaman modal, Juni 2005: Persetujuan, persetujuan fasilitas keringanan bea masuk barang modal, persetujuan fasilitas keringanan bea masuk bahan baku, izin usaha tetap = Trend of investment, June 2005 : investment approvals, approvals of import duty incentives of capital goods, approvals of import duty incentives of raw materials, permanent licenses. Biro Perencanaan dan Informasi, Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal Republik Indonesia, 2005.
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Pay-For-Perfomance Model Refinement and Advocacy (Project : Bangladesh), Population Council (Bangladesh), and UNICEF Bangladesh, eds. Incentivizing providers to improve maternal, newborn and child health services in Bangladesh: Pay-for-performance model refinement and advocacy (P4P MRA) final report. Population Council, 2013.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Material incentives"
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Jacobson, Leonard I. "Material Incentives in Childhood and Adolescence." In Money and Mind. Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3762-5_3.
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Yakovenko, Victor S., Ruslan H. Ilyasov, Galina S. Marahovskaya, Kira A. Artamonova, and Tamara V. Skrebtsova. "Building an Effective System of Material Incentives for Human Resources in Trade Organizations." In The Challenge of Sustainability in Agricultural Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72110-7_30.
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Munaro, Mayara Regina, and Vanderley Moacyr John. "Measuring Circularity in Brazilian Social Housing." In Creating a Roadmap Towards Circularity in the Built Environment. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45980-1_24.
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AbstractThe incorporation of circular economy (CE) principles in social housing (SH) is a not widespread agenda in government public policies. If, on the one hand, the growing demand for housing puts pressure on public services and the construction value chain, on the other hand, the reduction in the extraction of virgin materials and waste generation is essential to mitigate the effects of global climate change. This article presents a case study of how the Brazilian government is addressing circularity in the country's National Housing Plan. The study presents the proposal for circularity indicators to be implemented, both in new and existing buildings, aiming to reduce material demand and waste generation in SH. The adoption of circular indices in the input flow of materials has greater applicability in SH and promotes incentives to the secondary construction materials market. Circularity in the outflow of materials requires greater maturity in the application of CE principles and a systematic change in the housing design stage. The study aims to guide decision-makers around the consistent measurement of circularity in housing, promoting improved performance and the shift towards a more sustainable built environment.
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Vowinckel, Berhard, Thomas Frühwirt, Jobst Maßmann, et al. "Model-Experiment-Exercises (MEX)." In GeomInt–Mechanical Integrity of Host Rocks. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61909-1_4.
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AbstractThe basic idea of Model-Experiment-Exercises (MEX) is to link modelling and experimental works from the very beginning i.e. in the conceptual phase. Due to the complexity of each part in the systems analysis, this combination is sometimes lost. Moreover, both models and experiments require highly sophisticated tools and equipment as well as highly specialized professionals, which also necessitate adequate measures and incentives for collaboration. GeomInt is introducing the MEX concept exactly for this purpose. Therefore, the following MEX studies occupy the largest part of the GeomInt book and feed most of the publications with research material.
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Norlin, Björn. "Making the Schoolyard: Recess, Recreation, Play, and Other Pedagogical Incentives to Regulate Outdoor School Spaces in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Sweden." In Making Education: Material School Design and Educational Governance. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97019-6_2.
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Samans, Richard. "Human-Centred National Economic Policy: Institutionalizing Inclusion, Sustainability and Resilience in Domestic Economic Governance." In Human-Centred Economics. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37435-7_5.
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AbstractThis chapter elaborates on many of the domestic policies and institutional features that are most relevant to the task of strengthening an economy’s aggregate distribution function—its underlying ecosystem of legal and other norms, policy incentives and public administrative capacities that strongly influence the extent to which it grows in an inclusive, sustainable and resilient manner. Countries should devote at least as much policy attention and effort to strengthening the distribution function as production function of their economies by investing on an ongoing basis in policy incentives and institutional capacity relating to the five “factors of distribution” of household employment and entrepreneurial opportunity; disposable income; availability and affordability of material necessities; economic security; and environmental security. This is a structural way of improving the social quality as well as quantity of economic growth—that is to say, median household living standards as well as productive output or GDP. Extensive comparative data are presented in each of these policy domains demonstrating that nearly every country has a substantial social “welfare gap”—underperformance on one or more aspects of median household living standards relative to the frontier of outcomes and enabling policy practices in peer countries. Like output gaps, these can be narrowed by examining what works well in peer countries and how it can be adapted to national circumstances through policy innovation and investment.
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Freebody, Jane. "The Patient Workers Inside Hospital." In Mental Health in Historical Perspective. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13105-9_8.
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AbstractFreebody explores how a patient’s class, gender, age, physical health and mental condition influenced the allocation of occupation in French and English institutions. Class was an important consideration since manual labour was considered unsuitable for the middle classes, particularly for women, despite its alleged benefits as a therapy. Whether a patient’s condition was perceived as curable or incurable made a difference to the type of occupation prescribed in England, and to whether it was prescribed in France. The reasons why curable patients at the acute stage of their illness were more likely to be prescribed occupational therapy in England, or unoccupied and treated biologically in France, are examined. In both countries, incurable patients, and those whose condition had deteriorated into chronicity, were allocated work around the hospital, provided they were physically fit, for the benefit of both institution and patient. Freebody compares the material conditions of English and French, rural and metropolitan institutions, that provided the context for patient work, and the varied approaches towards offering incentives to work.
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Shojaei, Alireza, and Hossein Naderi. "Blockchain Technology for a Circular Built Environment." In Circular Economy and Sustainability. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39675-5_12.
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AbstractThe built environment fundamentally suffers from organisational fragmentation in various aspects, such as data flow, finance, and supply chains. Blockchain technology can be considered a transformative solution to the inherent fragmentation of this industry. This chapter first defines the basics of blockchain technology to show how a peer-to-peer network could enable a decentralised, traceable, and immutable information system across the life cycles of built assets. Then, an overview of blockchain literature within the context of a circular economy, with real-life examples and the current state of blockchain adoption in the circular built environment, is presented, and the role that this technology plays in addressing certain circular strategies is discussed. Afterward, implementation challenges and incentives are identified to set realistic expectations regarding the capabilities of blockchain technologies. Emerging concepts within blockchain technologies are then presented to give insights into prospects beyond current literature and use cases in the circular built environment. Finally, the future of blockchain technology in a circular built environment is discussed to present the applicability of blockchain and its possible integration with other emerging digitalisation tools, such as building information modelling (BIM) and material passports, in wider domains of circular, smart cities and communities.
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Samans, Richard. "Original Sin or Wayward Practice? Living Standards as a Trickle-Down, Residual Consideration of Modern Economics." In Human-Centred Economics. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37435-7_3.
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AbstractThis chapter investigates whether modern economics’ shortcomings with respect to inclusion, sustainability and resilience—its treatment of living standards as a residual consideration—can be attributed to the original conceptualization of liberal political economy or a subsequent misapplication of its founding principles. It finds that the discipline’s most influential early theorists and codifiers—Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill and Alfred Marshall—explicitly contextualized their insights about the power of market-based resource allocation in a larger perspective and complementary set of prescriptions. These emphasized the important role of institutions—legal and other norms, policy incentives and public administrative capacities in multiple domains—in helping to translate the increased economic growth enabled by market-based resource allocation into broad improvement in social welfare. Each of these pioneers considered increased production and national income, the wealth of a nation, as a means and not an end in itself. Each emphasized that the ultimate purpose of an economy is to advance the material well-being, or standard of living, of society as a whole. The chapter makes extensive reference to their original texts and traces how their shared view of the crucial institutional underpinnings of inclusion, sustainability and resilience got lost in translation during the evolution of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century political economy into twentieth-century economic science.
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Mutezo, Gamuchirai, Jean Mulopo, and Dumisani Chirambo. "Climate Change Adaptation: Opportunities for Increased Material Recycling Facilities in African Cities." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_61.
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AbstractAfrica’s urban morphology is expected to develop at a steady rate between 2020 and 2050. Population growth, rising urbanization rates, growing energy consumption, and industrialization are only a few of the reasons causing these changes. Likewise, waste production is projected to rise from 125 million tons in 2012 to 244 million tons annually by 2025. Around 60.0% and 80.0% of African waste is made up of organic material, which is a viable methane source. Fly tipping, free disposal, landfilling, and incineration have been used as a large-scale waste treatment system in most African cities. However, with the anticipated morphological changes, these solutions are no longer viable in the future due to lack of airspace, availability of urban land for new landfill sites, and concerns over carbon emissions. This chapter discusses the potential for improved adoption of material recycling facilities (MRF) in urban environments as an incentive to support waste diversion from landfills, decentralize waste separation activities, and increase the transformation of waste materials into valuable raw materials. A case study is discussed for Ethiopia, Ghana, and South Africa with the goal of explaining current processes, urban planning initiatives required for greater implementation, and how they can be interpreted as adaptation initiatives.
Conference papers on the topic "Material incentives"
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Divi, Suresh, Bruce Craig, and Adam Rowe. "Corrosion of Stainless Steel Alloys in Fresh Water Simulating Condensed Water in Contact with Supercritical CO2- An Electrochemical Study." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-20621.
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Abstract There has been a recent and significant surge in projects for injection of supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) into saline reservoirs due to enhanced financial incentives. This has created a rush to permit projects without the necessary data to make informed decisions regarding the corrosion resistance of materials for well completions. Of urgent need is a better understanding of the corrosion performance of alloys for injection tubing and well equipment exposed to the injectate above the saline aquifer contact zone. An electrochemical study was performed to simulate contact of SC-CO2 containing some impurities with fresh water consistent with water condensing from the CO2 phase. The simulated condition represents a pH of 3 typical of water in contact with CO2 at greater than 73.8 bar and 31°C. A range of alloys were tested, including 13Cr, 17Cr, 22Cr, and others. Weight loss corrosion and pitting attacks were measured. The results of this study can be used for life prediction only in the cases where there is no localized corrosion to support material selection decisions for well equipment based on upsets and well shut-in during the life of SC-CO2 injection.
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Mirabai, Edmundo, Carlos Molina, Anelsy Mayorga, and Jorge L. Hau. "Fireside Carburization of Stainless Steel Furnace Tubes." In CORROSION 1999. NACE International, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1999-99080.
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Abstract Most Heavy Venezuelan crudes are recognized for having a high total acid number (TAN) that is usually associated with a high tendency to produce naphthenic acid corrosion. To resist this type of corrosion in vacuum heaters, 9Cr-1Mo steel and stainless steels containing molybdenum are usually recommended1,2,3,4. In 1993 the original 5Cr-1/2 Mo roof tubes of the furnace in a vacuum unit were replaced by stainless steel 316Ti to minimize tube replacement and increase heater reliability. Unexpectedly, some of the new tubes failed after only three years of service, and just one year after undergoing the last turnaround inspection. The damage occurred in the form of deep holes and perforations, starting from the outside tube surface on the fireside. Coke build-up occurred due to severe operating conditions, overheating the tubes on the fireside, above 675°C (1250°F). Metallographic and Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) examination revealed internal and external carburization of the material due to the presence of coke and combustion ashes, respectively. The increase in the skin metal temperature facilitated the diffusion of carbon from these carbon-rich deposits into the low carbon content material (0.023%). Depletion of chromium at the grain boundaries due to the massive formation of chromium carbides, resulted in a severe intergranular corrosion attack by molten salts rich in vanadium and sulfur due to asphalt burning. Normal operating practice demands the use of steam for the heater tubes to control coke build-up. This practice had been first reduced and then eliminated, during the past two years prior to the failure, because of economic incentives. This paper describes the root cause analysis conducted to account for these premature tube failures.
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Gonz�lez, Leonardo D., Celeste Mills, Aurora del C. Mungu�a-L�pez, and Victor M. Zavala. "Sustainable Production of Fertilizers via Photosynthetic Recovery of Nutrients in Livestock Waste." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design. PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.147417.
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Increases in population and improvements in living standards have significantly increased the demand for animal products worldwide. However, modern livestock agriculture exerts significant pressure on the environment due to high material and energy requirements. These systems also generate significant amounts of waste that can cause severe environmental damage when not handled properly. Thus, if we wish to enable farmers to meet this increased demand in a sustainable way, technology pathways must be developed to convert livestock agriculture into a more circular economy. With this end in mind, we propose a novel framework (which we call ReNuAl) for the recovery of nutrients from livestock waste. ReNuAl integrates existing technologies with a novel biotechnology approach that uses cyanobacteria (CB) as a multi-functional component for nutrient capture and balancing, purifying biogas, and capturing carbon. The CB can be applied to crops, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers like diammonium phosphate. Using manure profiles obtained from dairy farms in the Upper Yahara region of Wisconsin, we construct a case study to analyze the environmental and economic impacts of ReNuAl. Our results illustrate that the minimum selling price (MSP) of CB fertilizer produced from deploying ReNuAl at a 1000 animal unit (AU) farm is significantly higher than the cost of synthetic fertilizers. We also observe that ReNuAl can return environmental benefits in areas such as climate change and nutrient runoff when compared to current practices. As a result, we see that consideration of environmental incentives can significantly increase the economic viability of the process.
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Kermani, Bijan, and Federico Daguerre. "Materials Optimization for CO2 Transportation in CO2 Capture and Storage." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10334.
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Abstract With the growing environmental constraints, global warming and public awareness, there is an increasing incentive to reduce carbon emissions. One approach to achieving this is through CO2 capture and storage (CCS). Once captured and compressed, CO2 must be transported to a long term storage site. In principle, transmission may be accomplished by pipelines, tankers, trains, trucks, compressed gas cylinders, as CO2 hydrate, or as solid dry ice. However, only pipeline and tanker transmission are reasonable options for the large quantities of CO2 associated with power stations, other industry activities or hydrocarbon production. This paper combines current status of materials and corrosion options for CO2 transmission, outlining any technology gaps that may exist. In addition, a simple guideline is presented enabling materials optimization for CO2 transmission in CCS.
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Sutton, Nathaniel, and Ken Kirkham. "Converting Hydroprocessing Equipment to Produce Renewable Diesel from Soybean and Corn Oil: Corrosion and Materials Considerations." In CONFERENCE 2022. AMPP, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2022-17989.
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Abstract Around the globe, refiners are seeking to convert an increasing portion of existing Hydroprocessing capacity to process renewable feedstocks. Facilities face economic pressure to bring renewables production online quickly, in order to take advantage of the current government incentives (credits) for renewable fuels. Simultaneously, however, materials and corrosion engineers face a lack of data-based guidance regarding the appropriate materials selection and expected damage mechanisms for renewables processing units. This paper discusses many of the major damage mechanisms which are considered most relevant in different areas of the RDU - Renewable Diesel Unit (e.g., feed, hot effluent, cooled effluent, etc.). Significant attention is devoted to fatty acid corrosion in the feed system, and lower-temperature aqueous acid corrosion in the cool effluent system. Specific considerations must be made when an existing unit is converted into an RDU, compared to new construction. The source and precise blend of renewable feeds and the extent (if any) co-processing with conventional petroleum feeds impact the susceptibility to certain damage mechanisms throughout the unit. Upstream pretreatment processes can have unique implications on the expected corrosion in the RDU.
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McMinn, A., J. D. Parker, and M. G. Rhodes. "Miniature Sampling for the Assessment of Component Integrity." In CORROSION 1989. NACE International, 1989. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1989-89256.
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Abstract There is considerable economic incentive to extend the life of aging industrial plant equipment. For components such as high-energy piping and turbogenerators, safety and reliability are of major concern. Life extension involves determining whether materials which have been exposed to elevated temperatures for many years are suitable for continued service. Obtaining physical specimens is critical to assessing the degradation of mechanical properties of components in service and permitting detailed examination of microstructure and surface flaws. This information permits a reduction in the uncertainty of remaining life estimates to avoid premature and costly retirement decisions. This paper describes the operation and application of a recently developed material sampling device which machines and recovers an undeformed specimen from the surface of rotor bores or other components. The removal of the thin, wafer-like sample has a negligible effect on the structural integrity of the component, due to the geometry and smooth depression. Samples measuring up to 2.5 mm thick by 2.5 cm diameter can be removed. The device is operated remotely and can be used externally or internally on any surface for which there is at least 7.5 cm working clearance. Two examples of the application of the sampler are described. The first involved evaluating the level of graphitization in a power plant main steam line, and the second involved evaluating surface flaws in the bore of a turbine-generator rotor.
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Schulz, Z. "Super Austenitic Alloy N08367 Service Water Piping Review." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10228.
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Abstract The recent spike in oil prices has spurred research for stable energy sources that do not rely on foreign suppliers. Nuclear energy has a renewed focus which requires a closer look at the materials of construction. Various types of corrosion in nuclear service water piping systems have limited the use of general stainless steels. Due to highly corrosive environments, general stainless steels are being replaced by super austenitic alloys with increased molybdenum content. Examples, such as microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC), have caused failure of 304L stainless steel. Alloy UNS N08367 has been a replacement for 304L stainless steel in main and auxiliary service water piping systems. The improved performance of this alloy has promoted its use in intake screens, piping, and precipitators. With the current search for more efficient and independent power generation; nuclear power plants have incentive to improve the process and equipment for both existing and new power plants. Globally, the push for alternative power requires better designed plants to withstand the ever increasing corrosive environments. This paper describes current corrosion issues of general 300 series stainless steels in nuclear power plants. An in depth analysis shows how use of the 6 percent molybdenum alloy N08367 in various nuclear applications reduce maintenance costs, increase quality, and improve safety. The conclusion of this paper and presentation is that 6 percent molybdenum alloys provide enough longevity in to justify increased material and fabrication costs. This paper will show how this development in alloy selection has proved successful in previous nuclear systems as well as the next generation of nuclear reactors.
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Zaitseva, Marina Mikhailovna. "Material Incentives for Personnel." In All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation. Publishing house Sreda, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-86001.
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Singh, Kuldeep, Palvi Aggarwal, and Cleotilde Gonzalez. "Does penalty help people learn to detect phishing emails?" In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004767.
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Phishing attacks are increasingly prevalent and pose a significant threat to organizations worldwide. Many organizations implement phishing training programs to educate employees on how to recognize and avoid phishing attacks. Incentives are often used in these training programs to motivate employees to participate and engage with the material. However, the impact of incentives on the effectiveness of these training programs is not well understood. Similarly, how often such training should be provided, remains an additional factor in improving detection ability. Past research has provided evidence that frequency impacts the susceptibility to phishing emails. However, the interaction of frequency and incentives in phishing training is not well known. Key questions persist: Do individuals exhibit greater attention and motivation to detect phishing emails when penalties are imposed? How does exposure to more phishing emails contribute to evading penalties? This paper manipulates the frequency of phishing emails during the training phase and incentive structure for classifying emails. Experiments were conducted using a Phishing Training Task (PTT) i.e. an interactive software platform that emulates key tasks associated with email response decision making to test the impact of learning factors on phishing detection. The results indicate that imposing penalties for incorrect decisions does not have a significant effect on the detection performance for most of the conditions. Thus, our results suggest providing a symmetric incentive structure may not improve the phishing detection ability. These findings highlight the importance of experimenting with additional incentive structures in phishing training programs. This paper will provide guidelines to use cognitive models to design effective incentive structures.
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Jia-ming, Fang, and Shao Pei-ji. "The effect of material incentives on Web survey completion: Evidence from three meta-analyses." In 2010 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering (ICMSE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmse.2010.5719787.
Full textReports on the topic "Material incentives"
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Lewin, Simon, and Peter Steinmann. Do material incentives improve patient adherence in tuberculosis? SUPPORT, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/1704152.
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Adherence to treatment for tuberculosis (TB) is frequently sub-optimal. However, good adherence is important for successful treatment and to minimize the risk of drug resistance. Adherence is also essential for different components of TB prophylaxis. Material incentives for patients to encourage them to take their treatment as prescribed, or to assist them in overcoming financial barriers to treatment, have been suggested as interventions to improve TB treatment adherence.
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Davies, Elwyn, and Marcel Fafchamps. Material Incentives and Effort Choice: Evidence from an Online Experiment Across Countries. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30372.
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Hyslop, Dean R., Lynn Riggs, and David C. Maré. The impact of the 2018 Families Package Winter Energy Payment policy. Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29310/wp.2022.09.
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This paper analyses the effects of the Winter Energy Payment (WEP), that was introduced as part of the 2018 Families Package. The WEP amounts to a relatively small fraction of receiving households’ income and total expenditure (nearly 7% of main benefit support on average, 5% of total income support, and about 4% of total household income and expenditure); but is a substantial fraction of energy expenditures (120% on average, and 60% median). We focus on four sets of analyses: the WEP effects on recipient expenditure patterns (particularly on power) and self-report measures of wellbeing; whether WEP affected health outcomes, as measured by hospitalisations; the financial incentive of WEP to be on a main benefit during the winter months; and whether WEP had any effect on the receipt of hardship grants. Our analyses find predominantly statistically insignificant effects of the WEP across each of these outcomes, either because the effect sizes or the samples are relatively small, making it difficult to draw definite conclusions. However, the direction of estimated effects are generally suggestive that the WEP caused recipient households to increase their expenditures on electricity and power, alleviated material hardship and improved wellbeing, and positively affected health outcomes. We find little evidence of any increase in benefit receipt in response to the increased financial incentives of the WEP to be on-benefit.
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Corman, Hope, Dhaval Dave, Ariel Kalil, and Nancy Reichman. Effects of Maternal Work Incentives on Youth Crime. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23054.
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Dave, Dhaval, Hope Corman, Ariel Kalil, Ofira Schwartz-Soicher, and Nancy Reichman. Effects of Maternal Work Incentives on Adolescent Social Behaviors. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25527.
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Winkler-Portmann, Simon. Umsetzung einer wirksamen Compliance in globalen Lieferketten am Beispiel der Anforderungen aus der europäischen Chemikalien-Regulierung an die Automobilindustrie. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627796.
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This publication based on a master thesis explores the challenges of the automotive industry regarding the European chemical regulations REACH and CLP, as well as potential improvements of the current compliance activities and the related incentives and barriers. It answers the research question: "To what extent should the compliance activities of actors in the automotive supply chain be extended in order to meet the requirements of European chemicals regulation; and where would it help to strengthen incentives in enforcement and the legal framework?“. The study’s structure is based on the transdisciplinary delta analysis of the Society for Institutional Analysis at the Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences. It compares the target state of the legal requirements and the requirements for corresponding compliance with the actual state of the actual compliance measures of the automotive players and attempts to identify their weak points (the delta). The main sources for the analysis are the legal texts and relevant court decisions as well as guideline-based expert interviews with automotive players based on Gläser & Laudel. As objects of the analysis, there are in addition answers to random enquiries according to Article 33 (2) REACH as well as the recommendations and guidelines of the industry associations. The analysis identifies the transmission of material information in the supply chain as a key problem. The global database system used for this purpose, the IMDS, shows gaps in the framework conditions. This results in compliance risk due to the dynamically developing regulation. In addition, the study identifies an incompliance of the investigated automobile manufacturers with regard to Art. 33 REACH. In answering the research question, the study recommends solutions to the automotive players that extend the current compliance activities. In addition, it offers tables and process flow diagrams, which structure the duties and required compliance measures and may serve as basic audit criteria. The analysis is carried out from an external perspective and looks at the entire industry. It therefore cannot cover all the individual peculiarities of each automotive player. As a result, the identified gaps serve only as indications for possible further compliance risks.
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Prasad, Deepak. Institutional Surveys on Open Educational Resources at Fiji National University. Commonwealth of Learning (COL), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/11599/4934.
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This report presents the findings of two surveys conducted at Fiji National University as preparation for the development of a policy for open educational resources (OER). Findings of the faculty survey indicates positive attitude towards sharing resources. The respondents were highly motivated to use and share resources but were suspicious about OER quality. The respondents also lacked confidence in their knowledge of intellectual property rights. This was ranked as the major barrier to OER adoption. Among other barriers were lack of incentives for developing OER and lack of ICT skills. Overall, respondents showed a positive attitude towards OER, recognising its benefits for teaching and learning. Results of the student survey shows they mostly had access to laptops and smartphones to access their course material and the Internet. Students reported primarily accessing the Internet at home. A significant number of students had no access to learning resources throughout the duration of their course. However, it was noted that some students were able to find alternatives to purchasing the textbooks. While some students’ decisions were not affected by the cost of the resources, others reportedly found it influenced their choice of courses. Although students showed positive opinions of OER and were eager to begin using these resources, an evident lack of awareness leads to the recommendation that OER awareness programmes be considered for students.
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Gómez Sabaini, Juan C., and Pedro Velasco. Gastos tributarios para la promoción de inversiones en el impuesto a la renta de empresas. Inter-American Development Bank, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007192.
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Este documento discute la identificación de los diversos incentivos tributarios en el impuesto a la renta de las sociedades que pueden ser considerados gastos tributarios, para estudiar la experiencia de los países en esta materia. También se propone una metodología para poder estimar el impacto recaudatorio de los incentivos otorgados.
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Kerdlap, Piya, and James Baker. Is There A Case for Bioplastics? Experience from Thailand. Asian Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/brf230490-2.
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This brief outlines how the environmental benefits of bioplastics are tempered by waste disposal challenges and why Thailand and countries in Southeast Asia should consider policies and incentives to capitalize on rocketing bioplastics demand. Noting Thailand is the world’s second-largest bioplastics producer, the brief explains the costs, production processes, and uses of the materials. It looks closely at their greenhouse gas emissions and complex issues around end-of-life biodegradation. It shows why countries should invest in infrastructure such as industrial composting facilities and provide fresh financial incentives for manufacturers to help meet growing demand and drive the shift to a bio-based economy.
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Pysarenko, Tetiana, Svitlana Marynina, Tetiana Kvasha, Liliia Rozhkova, and Nataliia Shabranska. Key spending units of the state budget in technology transfer sphere activities’ results in 2023. State Scientific Institution «Ukrainian Institute of Scientific and Technical Expertise and Information», 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35668/978-966-479-143-1.
Full textAbstract:
The results of the research of activities in the sphere of technology transfer in 2023 based on data provided by the key spending units of the state budget are outlined in the scientific and analytical report. These results contain the analysis of the impact of activities in the sphere of technology transfer on the financial condition of enterprises, institutions and organizations in 2023 and directions of use of funds, received as a result of transfer of technologies, created at the expense of state budget funds. In order to assess the impact of technology transfer on the financial condition of enterprises, institutions and organizations, the following was made: the analysis of the dynamics of income under technology transfer agreements in terms of the key spending units of the state budget and by the forms of technology transfer in 2019-2023; the analysis of the expenditure structure according to the forms of agreements on the purchase of technologies and the expenditure structure for the material incentives for the authors of technologies and the persons who carried out the technology transfer. The data on changes in the amount of funds received as a result of transfer of technologies, created at the expense of the state budget and the directions of their use by enterprises, institutions and organizations of the key spending units of the state budget in 2014-2023 were generalized. In particular, the analysis of expenditures on the innovation activities development and technology transfer, payment of remuneration to the authors of technologies and/or their components under the technology transfer agreements, payment of remuneration to the persons who carried out technology transfer was done. As a result of processing the information, received from the key spending units of the state budget, the dynamics of use of the state budget funds was traced, which is an important and urgent task for the monitoring of technology transfer. The publication is intended for representatives of state authorities, researchers, engineering personnel, university lecturers, postgraduate students and students of relevant specialties.