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Journal articles on the topic 'Material intensity'

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1

Gomulka, Stanislaw, and Jacek Rostowski. "An international comparison of material intensity." Journal of Comparative Economics 12, no. 4 (1988): 475–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-5967(88)90100-x.

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Hao, Feng. "Economy/Environment Interaction and Global Trade of Materials: An Empirical Examination for 95 Countries between 1980 and 2009." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 13, no. 4 (2014): 423–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341310.

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Political economy theory posits decreasing economic intensity—i.e. the use of fewer materials per unit of economic growth—does not lead to a decrease in material extraction. Modernization theory suggests decreasing economic intensity may lead to a decline in the use of materials. Unequal ecological exchange theory suggests that the dominate position of developed countries in the global trade of materials allows them to protect their own environments by extracting materials elsewhere. By examining data from 95 countries between 1980 and 2009, this paper provides an empirical evaluation to theor
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Shtirc, Liudmila, Svetlana G. Vlasova, and Dmitry Meshcherskikh. "Porous Material Production and Material Properties." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.84.

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In our work we defined two directions for synthesizing porous material: pulping selected experimental glass compositions and using caustic soda as a foaming agent. We studied the foaming temperature settings, investigated the porous material properties. The intensity of the foaming process was estimated from the value of the foaming coefficient.
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Anctil, Annick, Callie W. Babbitt, Ryne P. Raffaelle, and Brian J. Landi. "Material and Energy Intensity of Fullerene Production." Environmental Science & Technology 45, no. 6 (2011): 2353–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es103860a.

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5

Guo, Tianyi, Anastasiia Svanidze, Xiaoyu Zheng, and Peter Palffy-Muhoray. "Regimes in the Response of Photomechanical Materials." Applied Sciences 12, no. 15 (2022): 7723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157723.

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Photomechanical materials perform mechanical work in response to illumination. Photoisomerization-based photomechanical materials may operate in different regimes depending on the intensity of the illuminating light. We examine the photoresponse of liquid crystalline azo-acrylate networks and show that a material property, the characteristic intensity of the material, defines the boundaries between different regimes. Asymptotic analysis indicates that whereas at low relative light levels, photostress is proportional to intensity, at high levels, it is proportional to fluence. Model predictions
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Zhang, Yi, Xiaoling Li, Jun Zhu, Danhong Zhou, Ying Li, and Chengcheng Liu. "Design, synthesis, and thermal stability of rare earth luminescent materials." Thermal Science 28, no. 2 Part B (2024): 1405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci2402405z.

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As a new generation of luminescent materials, aluminate rare earth materials have the characteristics of long luminescent time, adjustable wavelength and high brightness. Aluminate rare earth luminescent materials were prepared by high temperature solid-state method, and the luminescent properties of the luminescent materials were studied. Firstly, the author synthesized magnesium aluminate, calcium aluminates, and zinc aluminate matrix by combustion method. Then aluminate rare earth luminescent materials were prepared by high temperature solid phase method through raw material distribution, r
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Zivkovic, Irena, Aleksandar Kojovic, Milos Tomic, Ljiljana Brajovic, and Radoslav Aleksic. "The usage of optical fibers for damage detection in ballistic protection composite laminates." Chemical Industry 60, no. 1-2 (2006): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0602039z.

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This paper describes the procedure of embedding fiber optic sensors in laminar thermoplastic composite material, as well as damage investigation after ballistic loading. Thermoplastic-reinforced composite materials were made for increased material damage resistance during ballistic loading. Damage inside the composite material was detected by observing the intensity drop of the light signal transmitted through the optical fibers. Experimental testing was carried out in order to observe and analyze the response of the material under various load conditions. Different types of Kevlar reinforced
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8

Li, You Tang, Zhi Yuan Rui, and Chang Feng Yan. "A New Method to Calculate Dynamic Stress Intensity Factor for V-Notch in a Bi-Material Plate." Key Engineering Materials 385-387 (July 2008): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.385-387.217.

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The stress singularity eigen-equation for V-notch in a bi-material plate is obtained. A new definition of dynamic stress intensity factor of a crack perpendicular to bi-material interface is put forward, and then is extended to any V-notch in bi-material plate. A formula of stress extrapolation method to calculate dynamic stress intensity factors of V-notch in bi-material plate is obtained. As an example, the three points bending sample with two materials is investigated.
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9

Brito, H. F., J. Hölsä, T. Laamanen, et al. "Rare Earth Distribution in NaRF4: Effect on Up-Conversion Intensity." Powder Diffraction 28, S2 (2013): S41—S50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715613001164.

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The NaYF4:Yb3+,Tb3+ (xYb: 0.20, xTb: 0.04) materials were prepared by the co-precipitation method. The as-prepared material was washed with and without water and thereafter annealed at 500 °C. This resulted in materials with moderate (with water) and very high (without water) up-conversion luminescence intensity. The structural details causing the differences in luminescence intensity were investigated at room temperature with X-ray powder diffraction and Rietveld analyses. All materials crystallized in the hexagonal form (P63/m, No. 176, Z: 1.5) with a composition very close to stoichimetric.
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10

Hassan, Mohd Hasnun Arif, and Mohd Nadzeri Omar. "Displacement Measurement of Soft Material Indentation using Light Intensity." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 19, no. 1 (2022): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jmeche.v19i1.19684.

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This paper studies proof of concept in which soft material displacement during indentation is measured by a change in light intensity as the indenter is pushed into a soft material. The Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor, which is embedded within a transparent hemispheric indenter, is used to measure the intensity of light while the indenter is on the surface and within the soft material. The change in light intensity contributes to a gradient that can be used to calculate the displacement of the soft material. The calculated difference in light intensity is converted into a displacement wi
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11

KIM, Jonghun, Shinsuke KATO, Minki SUNG, and Hiroki TAKAHASHI. "CORRELATION AMONG PERCEIVED ODOR INTENSITY, ODOR INTENSITY AND ODOR CONCENTRATION OF BUILDING MATERIAL." Journal of Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 77, no. 672 (2012): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aije.77.71.

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12

Wei, H. L., J. R. Ni, and N. Xu. "Energy, Material and Pollutant Intensity Analysis in the Life Cycle of Walling Materials." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 30, no. 14-15 (2008): 1367–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567030801928995.

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13

Huang, Bo Wun, Jung-Ge Tseng, Wen-Ye Huang, Neng-Hsin Chiu, and Zhi-Yin Huang. "The position effect on electrical field intensity for metal deposition process." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 231, no. 2 (2016): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405415625917.

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Material characteristics, such as electric potential, distance between target material and substrate, and so on, are important parameters for vacuum metal films deposition (sputtering) system. Properly controlling these parameters during the sputtering process can reduce the residual stress after deposition and can effectively improve the deformation of substrate and density of metal thin film. This study aims at simulating a vacuum metal film deposition system for substrate application with normal metal material. Both the copper foil, as a target material, and the substrate that is placed on
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14

Roshani, Gholam Hossein, Seyed Amir Hossein Feghhi, Farzin Shama, Abolfazl Salehizadeh, and Ehsan Nazemi. "Prediction of Materials Density according to Number of Scattered Gamma Photons Using Optimum Artificial Neural Network." Journal of Computational Methods in Physics 2014 (June 10, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/305345.

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Through the study of scattered gamma beam intensity, material density could be obtained. Most important factor in this densitometry method is determining a relation between recorded intensity by detector and target material density. Such situation needs many experiments over materials with different densities. In this paper, using two different artificial neural networks, intensity of scattered gamma is obtained for whole densities. Mean relative error percentage for test data using best method is 1.27% that shows good agreement between the proposed artificial neural network model and experime
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15

Tsai, Y. M. "Dynamic Behavior of an Orthotropic Material Containing a Central Crack." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 111, no. 2 (1989): 172–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3265654.

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The dynamic response of a central crack in an orthotropic material is investigated. The crack is situated along one of the principal axes of the material. The load is harmonic in time and normally applied to the crack surface. The Fourier transform is used to solve the dynamic fracture problem, and the results are simplified through a complete contour integration. The dynamic stress intensity factor is obtained in an exact expression in terms of the frequency factor and the material constants. The frequency factor is defined as the product of the wave frequency and the half-crack length, divid
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16

Gutowski, Timothy G., Sahil Sahni, Julian M. Allwood, Michael F. Ashby, and Ernst Worrell. "The energy required to produce materials: constraints on energy-intensity improvements, parameters of demand." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 371, no. 1986 (2013): 20120003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2012.0003.

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In this paper, we review the energy requirements to make materials on a global scale by focusing on the five construction materials that dominate energy used in material production: steel, cement, paper, plastics and aluminium. We then estimate the possibility of reducing absolute material production energy by half, while doubling production from the present to 2050. The goal therefore is a 75 per cent reduction in energy intensity. Four technology-based strategies are investigated, regardless of cost: (i) widespread application of best available technology (BAT), (ii) BAT to cutting-edge tech
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17

Alkhudhairy, Fahad. "Wear Resistance of Bulk-fill Composite Resin Restorative Materials Polymerized under different Curing Intensities." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 18, no. 1 (2017): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1985.

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ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the wear resistance of four bulk-fill composite resin restorative materials cured using high- and low-intensity lights. Materials and methods Twenty-four samples were prepared from each composite resin material (Tetric N-Ceram, SonicFill, Smart Dentin Replacement, Filtek Bulk-Fill) resulting in a total of 96 samples; they were placed into a mold in a single increment. All of the 96 samples were cured using the Bluephase N light curing unit for 20 seconds. Half of the total specimens (n = 48) were light cured using high-intensity output
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18

YABE, Akira. "Advanced Material Processing Using High-Intensity Laser Pulse." Review of Laser Engineering 27, no. 5 (1999): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.27.336.

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19

WOOD, G. L., and E. J. SHARP. "INTENSITY DEPENDENT NONLINEAR MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PASSIVE OPTICAL LIMITING." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 02, no. 04 (1993): 503–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218199193000309.

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Passive optical limiting devices based on nonlinear optical (NLO) materials exhibit a throughput radiation level that is related to the magnitude of the nonlinear material parameters. We model both optically ‘thick’ and optically ‘thin’ limiters based on intensity dependent, χ(3) nonlinearities and predict the magnitude of the nonlinearities required to provide protection for the human eye from laser induced damage for a specific optical system. These calculated nonlinearities are given in terms of a required index change, n2, or absorption change, β.
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20

Aoki, Hiroshi. "Material-Specific Determination Based on Microscopic Observation of Single Microplastic Particles Stained with Fluorescent Dyes." Sensors 22, no. 9 (2022): 3390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093390.

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Microplastics are increasingly suspected of having serious negative effects on ecological systems and living organisms. These effects are different based on the materials of the microplastics, leading to the importance of the determination of the materials. For material determination, spectral fingerprints based on FT-IR and Raman microspectroscopy are previously and commonly used, though they require patience and special skills. In this study, we have developed a novel technique for microscopic observation of single microplastic particles stained with fluorescent dyes to enable fluorescence-b
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21

Liang, Jiahao, Jianxin Nie, Haijun Zhang, et al. "Analysis of Factors Influencing the Reaction Intensity of Composite Propellants with Different Casing Materials under Slow Cook-off." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2891, no. 5 (2024): 052002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2891/5/052002.

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Abstract By conducting slow cook-off tests on solid composite propellants, the combustion response characteristics of propellants under different casing materials were investigated. Propellant slow cook-off combustion experiments were designed and carried out. Combining the morphological changes of propellant thermal decomposition weight loss with theories of material mechanics and heat transfer, the heat transfer process and physical state of the propellant before ignition were examined to explore their effects on after ignition reaction intensity. The results indicated that the reaction inte
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22

Kojović, A., I. Živković, Lj Brajović, D. Mitraković, and R. Aleksić. "Low Energy Impact Damage Detection in Laminar Thermoplastic Composite Materials by Means of Embedded Optical Fibers." Materials Science Forum 494 (September 2005): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.494.481.

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The possibility of applying optical fibers as sensors for investigation of real time low energy impact damage in laminar thermoplastic composite materials has been studied. For that purpose intensity based optical fibers were embedded in composite material specimens. Kevlar 129 (DuPont’s registered trade-mark for poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide)) woven fabric was used as reinforcement. Impact toughness testing by the Charpy impact pendulum was conducted in order to investigate low energy impacts. Transient intensity of optical signal during the impact, were compared with material crack initi
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23

Wikarta, Alief, and Ching Kong Chao. "Interaction between a Crack and an Isotropic Tri-Material Media in Anti-Plane Elasticity." Applied Mechanics and Materials 493 (January 2014): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.493.378.

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Solution of a crack interacting with a tri-material under a remote shear load for anti-plane elasticity problem is considered in this paper. The main purpose of this work is to study the interaction between a crack and a tri-material for anti-plane elasticity problem. This can be achieved by determination of the stress intensity factors that allow the characterization of this interaction from the point of view of linear elastic fracture mechanics. The proposed method is based on complex variable solution of a screw dislocation together with logarithmic singular integral equations. The singular
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Yuan, Ying, Dongfang Shi, Suo He, et al. "Shock-Induced Energy Release Performances of PTFE/Al/Oxide." Materials 15, no. 9 (2022): 3042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093042.

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In recent years, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/aluminum (Al) energetic materials with high-energy density have attracted extensive attention and have broad application prospects, but the low-energy release efficiency restricts their application. In this paper, oxide, bismuth trioxide (Bi2O3) or molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) are introduced into PTFE/Al to improve the chemical reaction performance of energetic materials. The pressurization characteristics of PTFE/Al/oxide as pressure generators are compared and analyzed. The experiments show that the significantly optimized quasi-static pressure p
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TAKEDA, Nobuo, and Tatsuro KOSAKA. "Intensity test method of high molecule unit composite material V. Interlayer intensity test method." Journal of the Japan Society for Composite Materials 24, no. 5 (1998): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.6089/jscm.24.163.

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26

Dai, Menglin, Charles Gillott, Jakub Jurczyk, et al. "Geometry-informed material intensity reveals considerable intra-archetype material variability of UK housing." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 221 (July 2025): 108392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108392.

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27

JI, XING. "ON FRACTURE CRITERIA FOR BI-MATERIAL CORNERS." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 06, no. 05 (2014): 1450062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825114500628.

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The prediction of crack nucleation near interface end in bi-material corners with definite wedge angles is fairly established. It takes Irwin-like form involving the stress intensity factor. Such a criterion requires the stress intensity factor of bi-material corners with same dimension, but the dimension of stress intensity factor of bi-material corner depends on wedge angles. The paper aims at the dimension problem. Particular attentions are paid to both the rigorous and asymptotic solutions of bi-material corners, because the asymptotic solution describes the stress singularity with stress
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Milde, Katharina, Mark Meyer, Roman Kirchdorfer, and Daniel Haack. "Resource intensity of the digital transformation in Germany." TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis 33, no. 3 (2024): 57–64. https://doi.org/10.14512/tatup.7137.

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The project “Digitalisation and natural resources” (DigitalRessourcen) analyzed the resource intensity of digitalization in Germany. Various micro- and macro-level analyses were conducted and areas for shaping sustainable digitalization were identified. At the micro-level, the resource requirements and environmental impacts of digital products and services were calculated on the basis of case studies using life cycle assessment principles. At the macro-level, input-output models were applied to determine the need for raw materials and the CO2 emissions of the digitalization in Germany for the
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Sung, J. C., and J. Y. Liou. "Analysis of a Crack Embedded in a Linear Elastic Half-Plane Solid." Journal of Applied Mechanics 62, no. 1 (1995): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2895887.

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A crack embedded in a half-plane solid traction-free on the infinite straight boundary is analyzed. The response of the material is linear elastic. A system of singular integral equations for the unknown dislocation densities defined on the crack faces is derived. These equations are then specialized to the problem of a crack located arbitrarily in an orthotropic material which are found to depend on two material parameters only. For a crack oriented either perpendicular or parallel to the infinite straight boundary, the kernel functions appearing in the singular integral equations are obtaine
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30

Kowalski, Marcin, and Arkadiusz Stachowiak. "Tribocorrosion Performance of Cr/CrN Hybrid Layer as a Coating for Machine Components Used in a Chloride Ions Environment." Coatings 11, no. 2 (2021): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11020242.

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The aim of the article was to identify the effect of material hardness on the tribocorrosion process by comparing two material solutions. The analysis concerned the assessment of the process intensity and the identification of the mechanisms responsible for material loss. Possible mechanisms of tribocorrosion common for materials of high hardness were determined. Two classic material solutions (based on AISI 1045 steel) ensuring high hardness of the subsurface layers were tested: nitriding with an additional oxidation and impregnation process, and Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) coating. In o
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31

Black, David R., Donald Windover, Marcus H. Mendenhall, Albert Henins, James Filliben, and James P. Cline. "Certification of Standard Reference Material 1976B." Powder Diffraction 30, no. 3 (2015): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715615000445.

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The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) certifies a suite of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) to address specific aspects of the performance of X-ray powder diffraction instruments. This report describes SRM 1976b, the third generation of this powder diffraction SRM. SRM 1976b consists of a sintered alumina disc, approximately 25.6 mm in diameter by 2.2 mm in thickness, intended for use in the calibration of X-ray powder diffraction equipment with respect to line position and intensity as a function of 2θ-angle. The sintered form of the SRM eliminates the effect of sample
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32

Geng, Wei Wei, Cong Bin Fan, and Shou Zhi Pu. "Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Material Chemistry Unsymmetrical Material, Diarylethene with Cyano." Applied Mechanics and Materials 164 (April 2012): 150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.164.150.

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A unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene, 1-{[2-methyl-5-(1,3-dioxolane)-3-thienyl]} -2-[2-methyl-5-(4-cyanophenyl)-3-thienyl]perfluorocyclopentene(1a),was synthesized, and its optoelectronic properties were also investigated in detail. The results showed that this compound exhibited reversible photochromism, changing from colorless to blue violet after irradiation with UV light both in solution and in PMMA amorphous film.The diarylethene exhibited a fluorescence switches along with the photochromism from open-ring isomers to closed-ring isomers. When irradiated by UV light, the photocyclizati
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Abdelghani, Brahimi, Tayeb Kebir, Mohamed Benguediab, and Andrea Carpinteri. "FEM analysis of thermomechanical effects on stress intensity factors." STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 5, no. 1 (2024): 2142–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n1-106.

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The response of a material to thermo-mechanical loading depends on its thermal and mechanical properties. Some materials may exhibit significant thermal expansion, meaning they expand significantly when heated, while others may be stiffer and show little thermal expansion. To evaluate the behavior of a material or structure subjected to thermo-mechanical loading, advanced analysis and modeling techniques are used, such as finite element modeling. These methods make it possible to predict deformations, stresses and possible failure problems that may occur under the effect of thermo-mechanical l
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Sasaki, Syuutei, and Tsutomu Ezumie. "Study on Stress Intensity Factor under Torsion Load of Double Column for Two Dissimilar Materials." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 688–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.688.

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The stress analysis of the double column made of the dissimilar material is not enough reported the problems about the interface of the crack on the surface. These products are guaranteed for the high performance, and are composed of the dissimilar material or composted to the new material or composed to the new materials again by the compound of the material and the advancement of joint technology. The Stress Intensity Factor K, Kand K usually act in single or mixed modes. The separation of K, Khas already been achieved. In this paper, an experimental technique for determining the stress inte
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Hao, Xiao Xiu, Na Wei, Jie Meng, Jun Qing Wei, and Cheng Sun. "Research and Application of Rare-Earth Europium Complex Materials in Polyethylene Sheet." Applied Mechanics and Materials 200 (October 2012): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.200.229.

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Rare-earth europium complex is a UV photochromic materials. Fluorescent Polyethylene Sheet Material were prepared by the Rare-earth europium complex and polyethylene particles using the method of melt blend. Then the fluorescence of polyethylene sheet and the relative fluorescence intensity of the mechanical properties were tested. Finally, this paper discusses the different amounts of phosphor on the polyethylene sheet relative fluorescence intensity and mechanical properties. This study has some guiding sense over the application and the production of fluorescent polyethylene sheet material.
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Taylor, Alison S., and Peter R. Braude. "Evaluation of a simple method for measuring the cellular DNA content of mouse oocytes and embryos, human fibroblasts and parthenogenetically activated human oocytes using a computerised image analysis system(Seescan)." Zygote 3, no. 1 (1995): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199400002422.

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SummaryWe report the use of a simple, reproducible, photocytometric method for measuring nuclear DNA content of DAPI-stained cells, using a computerised image analysis system: Seescan. As this technique is non-destructive and uses very short exposure to ultraviolet light, it can be used for either fixed or vital material. After correcting for any background cytoplasmic staining, the intensity of nuclear stain was measured by the Seescan and compared with that of control cells of known ploidy. Fixed material was found to stain more intensely than live material initially, but demonstrated a rapi
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Marlow, Phillip J., and Barton L. Anderson. "The cospecification of the shape and material properties of light permeable materials." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 14 (2021): e2024798118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2024798118.

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The problem of extracting the three-dimensional (3D) shape and material properties of surfaces from images is considered to be inherently ill posed. It is thought that a priori knowledge about either 3D shape is needed to infer material properties, or knowledge about material properties are needed to derive 3D shape. Here, we show that there is information in images that cospecify both the material composition and 3D shape of light permeable (translucent) materials. Specifically, we show that the intensity gradients generated by subsurface scattering, the shape of self-occluding contours, and
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38

Dolmatov, V. Yu, A. Vehanen, V. Myllymäki, et al. "Purification of detonation nanodiamond material using high-intensity processes." Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 86, no. 7 (2013): 1036–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070427213070161.

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39

TERANISHI, Takahiro. "S202022 Development of Teaching Material on Stress Intensity Factor." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2012 (2012): _S202022–1—_S202022–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2012._s202022-1.

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40

Zhang, Jun, and Shuli Sun. "Parameterized Modeling and Material Intensity Simulation of Excavator Stick." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 422 (November 8, 2018): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/422/1/012022.

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Nishida, Shin'ya, Masataka Sawayama, and Takeaki Shimokawa. "Material-dependent shape distortion by local intensity order reversal." Journal of Vision 15, no. 12 (2015): 940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.12.940.

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42

Simos, N., H. Kirk, H. Ludewig, et al. "Target Material Irradiation Studies for High-Intensity Accelerator Beams." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 149 (December 2005): 259–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2005.05.033.

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43

Ishikawa, Junzo. "High-intensity negative ion sources for material science applications." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 261, no. 1-2 (2007): 1032–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.141.

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Barla, P., R. Vergne, and R. Fleming. "Decomposing intensity gradients into information about shape and material." Journal of Vision 13, no. 9 (2013): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/13.9.443.

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Ju, S. H., C. Y. Chiu, and C. C. Lu. "Determination of stress intensity factors for multi-material junctions." International Journal of Fracture 171, no. 1 (2011): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10704-011-9623-9.

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Krause, Karina, and Annette Hafner. "Resource Efficiency in the Construction Sector: Material Intensities of Residential Buildings—A German Case Study." Energies 15, no. 16 (2022): 5825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15165825.

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This article describes an approach for comparing material intensity values for residential buildings with different construction types. Based on the working drawings of the different construction types (wood and mineral), material intensities are calculated at the building level. Material intensities describe the materials used in a building in mass (tonnes (t)) in relation to the square meters (m2) of gross floor area (GFA) or the cubic meters (m3) of gross volume (GV). The method for determining material intensities at the building level is demonstrated. The results show that material intens
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Nusyirwan, Nusyirwan, Yul Hijar, and Adam Malik. "Enhancing the Crack Resistance of Polyester Resin Composites with Rice Husk Fiber Reinforcement." Journal of Technomaterial Physics 7, no. 1 (2025): 001–9. https://doi.org/10.32734/jotp.v7i1.18895.

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Polymers have been widely developed as alternative materials to replace metal materials due to various advantages such as low density and an easy manufacturing process. Still, polymers have many disadvantages, including not having high mechanical strength, easy to crack when hit by impact. One of the materials studied is an unsaturated polyester polymer widely used for composite matrices in vehicle structural components, aircraft and ship bodies, and vehicle components. One of the studied fibers is rice husk particle fiber. The study of cracks is crucial because it causes the material to no lo
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Chen, Teng Hui. "Fracture Analysis for Attaching Fiber Reinforced Composite on V-Notch Wedge Structure." Materials Science Forum 909 (November 2017): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.909.133.

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Sharp V-notches with various angles often appear in engineering structures. When being loaded, the high stress at the apex could result in crack propagation on the structure and further fracture. For this reason, safety evaluation should be emphasized for products or engineering structures with such geometric characteristics. Sharp V-notches are regarded as wedge structures that the above situations seriously and often appear on brittle materials. Regarding the stress intensity factor K of the driving force for wedge structure failure, Chen, Dunn, and Seweryn, with numerical analysis for the f
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Clerici, D., F. Mocera, and F. Pistorio. "Analysis of fracture behaviour in active materials for lithium ion batteries." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1214, no. 1 (2022): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1214/1/012018.

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Abstract Several strong points make lithium ion battery one of the most widespread energy storage system. Nevertheless, one of the biggest drawbacks is the progressive damage which affects active materials, and influences cycle life as well. The hosting process of lithium ions causes the rise of mechanical stress in active material, which ultimately leads to the propagation of micro-flaws already present in fresh material. Finally, the damage of active material and solid-electrolyte interphase growth caused by cracks propagation result in capacity drop. The distribution of Mode I stress intens
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Ni, Xing Yuan, Ji Chao Wang, Guang Wu Liu, et al. "Preparation and Properties of Super Insulation Material SiO2 Aerogel." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 1531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.1531.

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Nano-porous monolithic SiO2 aerogel as insulation material was prepared from silicon alkoxide as the precursor materials, followed by ethanol supercritical drying in this paper. In order to improve the mechanical properties of silica aerogel monoliths, the ceramic fibers were mixed in the pure aerogel, or integrating inorganic fiber materials as skeleton materials with low thermal conductivity supporting. Instron 5566, 5500R Material Testing Machine was used to measure the mechanical intensity. SEM was used to characterize the morphology of the silica aerogel monoliths. The thermal properties
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