Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Matérialisme – Dans la littérature'
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Torero-Ibad, Alexandra. "Libertinage et science dans le premier dix-septième siècle : le matérialisme de Savinien Cyrano de Bergerac." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100111.
Full textThis research studies Savinien Cyrano de Bergerac’s work from a philosophical point of view. The coherence of cyranian thought makes itself up in demanding to think reality as entirely material. The originality of cyranian process consists in offering several answers liable to fulfil such a demand. If everything can be explained by matter and its movements, there are several ways to think the nature of matter, and the nature of its activity. Cyranian questioning takes fully into account its contemporary science. Besides, Cyrano appropriates the path from a close world to an infinite universe, and means to think the infinite multiplicity of the worlds. Lastly, men are conceived as through and through material. So this research plays a part to the revaluation of the relationship between libertinism and science, through the way Cyrano uses physics in order to conceive the world without needing God
Lahache, Florent. "Le poème instrument : poésie et matérialisme dans l'oeuvre de Bertolt Brecht." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100187.
Full textInitiated in 2005, this doctoral thesis in philosophy aims to study the poetry of the German writer Bertolt Brecht (1898-1956). By its title ("The poem instrument"), it means to explain a contradiction inherent in any political art, and especially emphasized in poetical writing: the one between the practice of lyrical arts, valuable per se, and the claim for a social purpose of writing, which submits it to an outside finality. By undertaking this instrumental necessity in his writing, the poet expose himself to the functionalisation of language, this very functionalisation that is supported by the market means which the poet however intends to deal with. How can poetry define itself as a tool, without abolishing the specifically artistic content of its production? How to maintain poetic consistency and political efficiency simultaneously ?This thesis examines the corpus of Brechtian poems written from the mid-1920s until the late 1940s. It aims at identifying the formal operations that the poet engages for each political moments he faces : the Weimar Republic (cynical poetry), the Third Reich (anti-fascist poetry), the second World War (the poetry of exile). We intend to show how a specific materialism is being developed, in a both inventive and dissent relation to the traditional Marxist dialectic
Augendre, Jean-Charles. "Le Beylisme : la philosophie de Stendhal et le matérialisme moderne." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010589.
Full textStrictly speaking, Stendhal's philosophy is beylism since his real name was Henri Beyle, but there is a discrepancy between Beyle and Stendhal : Stendhal isn't a "philosopher" but a writer. Consequently, if he reads philosophers (like Hobbes for example), his philosophy in a strict meaning, is present in his works, essentially his novels : nowhere else. His subject is in no way an ideologist's subject, neither in the sense of destutt de Tracy's" "ideology", nor in the weaker meaning derived from some of Marx's early works, written in collaboration with Engels such as la sainte famille or l'idéologie allemande for example. In that way, armance, his first novel, subtitled "or a few scenes of a salon in Paris in 1827", is a farewell to philosophy as it was 18th century or during the first thirty years of the 19th century, before it sank in France, under the leadership of Victor Cousin, in teaching institutions
Dillard, Eguchi Patricia. "Satire du matérialisme dans le roman féminin britannique de 1778 à 1824 : Fanny Burney, Jane Austen, Suzan Ferrier." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE1114.
Full textHeavy juridical, moral and customary constraints weighed on women at the end of the « long » 18th century in Great Britain. The impact of such constraints on feminine writing touched the various literary strategies as well as the plots in the novels. In order to get round the taboos set by patriarchy - taboos that only touched the world of women – a few women writers used an ingenious kind of satire that ridiculed the faults of a society that forbade them any right to criticise. Researching the context allows us to understand the motives and the techniques of their satirical strategies. This was the time of English and Scottish Enlightenment, the beginning of the Industrial Revolution and the making of the middle classes. The economy was flourishing and led to a first wave of “mass consumption”. As synecdoches for women for sale or who wanted to be sold, objects and money are the two sides to the critical analysis that underlies the structure of this thesis. Wolfgang Iser’s theory of aesthetic re-creation by the reader is used to underline the possible gap in reception between at least two communities of readers and then, through investigation in the context, to arouse new interest for the works by Burney, Austen and Ferrier, some of them really unknown to most. Baudrillard’s theory of consumption has been chosen because it facilitates the reader’s understanding of the characters’ behaviour with respect to objects when the characters in question are the target of satire
Dillard, Eguchi Patricia. "Satire du matérialisme dans le roman féminin britannique de 1778 à 1824 : Fanny Burney, Jane Austen, Suzan Ferrier." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00690631.
Full textAlexandre, Didier. "Le gland et le chêne : genèse et formulations de la poétique de Paul Claudel." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA080921.
Full textClaudel composes between 1900 and 1904 his poetic art. By this work we purpose establishing the genesis, and the permanence of the poetics in the later works. The treatises on art of poetry answer a crisis, biographical, spiritual and philosophical (materialism, spiritualism, positivism): and literary (relations of science and poetry: crisis of verse). It results from a constant dialogue: Claudel collates the philosophical intertexts (materialism, spiritualism, Thomas d'Aquin, Aristotle) ant the literary ones (Poe, Baudelaire, Rimbaud, and Mallarme), and defines his own theory ok knowledge, his own linguistics and mystic. We analyse the principal notions of the poetics (vibration, movement, knowledge, form, fin, conscience, knowledge of soul after death). After this intellectual genesis, we study the genesis in the manuscripts and in the works of the former period: two compilations of poems (Connaissance de l'est, Vers d'exil) and the first plays (L’arbre) finally, the thesis analyses the new definitions of poetics in poetic works subsequent to poetic art, and the commentaries on the Bible. The poetics become a lyric poetry in Cinq grandes odes: we define a theory of lyric poetry, epic poetry, and drama. The poetics is also a hermeneutic method: Claudel uses notions of poetic art for defining and analysing scriptures, and defines this commentary as a lyrical poem
Bianco, Jean-François. "La poétique de l'expérience dans l'œuvre de Diderot ou les aventures de l'idéal." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040197.
Full textSuzuki, Tamako. "Écriture et philosophie dans l’histoire de Justine et de Juliette de Sade." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040115.
Full textThis study attempts to elucidate how works of Sade, whose theme is ‘‘misfortunes of virtue and prosperity of vice ’’, relate the change of thoughts from the theology to the materialism. The first part of this study presents the genesis of the story of Justine and Juliette, and follows the history of themes about morals. Then, our reading shows features of Sade’s writing, his choice of words and his rhetoric. They reveal the effect of erotic and violent words juxtaposed with the conventional language. We illustrate finally Sade’s materialist vision, and reveal relationship of his thoughts and his writing to the theme of the story. The author distorts a materialist philosophy by his own logic, and the story reflects his viewpoints
Jolivet, Vincent. "La Bête en l’Homme : l’animalité humaine dans l’oeuvre de Sade." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040227.
Full textAnimality is one of the most topical questions for the thinkers of the Enlightenment. The nature of the soul and the criterion of men’s specificity, the origin of knowledge and the functioning of the body, the classification of species and the animal’s rights are all at the heart of debates and reflections of the time. And so they are in the marquis de Sade’s works, whose ambition to destabilize the humanistic values finds with this question a very convenient philosophical instrument. With Sade, the animal appears in fact what he is as far as philosophy is concerned: a powerful weapon for skeptical thinkers, a metaphysical bomb able to blow away all ethics, an operative concept to work out the next enslavements to come. Inspired by the French materialist thinkers, Sade considers Man as an animal amongst others and views human beings as mere assembling of atoms and efficient machineries; but contrary to them, he tries to draw the conclusions of such a statement and tends to make him a brute. Playing the part of some sort of criminal Rousseau eager to push mankind into violence and depravation, he rationally advocates a frightening return to the most primitive bestiality and calls for a general step back to the times when Man was still a wolf for Man. A program that however he isn’t always able to stick to, animal turning out to be a very tricky philosophical ground even for him
Mahdoui, Faten. "L'expression du corps dans l'œuvre romanesque de Sade." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040122.
Full textThe human body serves the a primary material in the novels of Sade. Following the reflection paths explored by the writer, the body indistinctly takes many forms and expresses different meanings. This work will first focus on the body and its various representations in Christianity. These very same representations will be inverted by our author, to desalienate this being of flesh from all religious coercion . With regard to the stranglehold of the Church on the body, Sade opposes the new philosophical assumptions derived from the new scientific discoveries of his century. In this respect, our work will deal with the materialistic philosophy that impregnated his writings, and that places reason at the center of its concerns, leading an experimental reflection using the senses. We will see that through this philosophy deeply body-centred, Sade will shape a body to become more and more free. The new biological discoveries evoked in thiswork mainly concern human reproduction and "la théorie de génération"[the theory of generation]. This theory embodies several theses from the eighteenth century. Sade chooses the one that fits his thought and the body that he is shaping. The philosopher finally tackles societies’ morals and laws to divert and finally free the body from the clasps of society. Lastly, we analyze the literary processes and techniques utilized by our writer to set up this completely emancipated body. The human being and his body remain the first and last instance of Sade's work, borrowing reflection paths that ultimately lead to the birth of a body that is placed above any religious or social consideration which could enslave or degrade it
Choonwoo, Yee. "La Nature dans l’oeuvre de Francis Ponge." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030115/document.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to examine the aesthetics and the ethics of Francis Ponge’s poetry through the notion of Nature. The first part examines the concept of Nature in Ponge as the outside world and his materialism which, heavily influenced by ancient materialism, is characterized by the anti-metaphysical. This part also explore the close relationship between his idea and Spinoza’s immanent idea, summarized in the expression of "God, or Nature". The immanent aspects of things in his work can be fully understood with the help of the concept of "immanence" of Spinoza. The second part examines the relationship between Nature and literature and the development of Ponge’s new materialist lyricism. For him, literature becomes naturalized and nature becomes literarized. The approval of nature is reflected in his countersignature for things. His new materialist lyricism, contrasted with the traditional lyricism, is characterized by notions such as vibration, aspiration, "réson". The third part will focus on the new humanism and the ethics of Ponge. The relationship between Nature and man will be treated primarily on certain essential themes of ethics such as otherness, the new humanism and the salvation of man. His ethics is to live à happy life. Various topics, such as ancient wisdom, the harmony of the "non-self" and the "self", the ethics of joy, chance and freedom, will be discussed
Lenz-Michaud, Suzanne. "La voie de la vertu : théologie, morale et fiction dans l'oeuvre narrative de Jacob Michael Reinhold Lenz (1751-1792)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040274.
Full textThe ideal of autonomy stands at the heart of Lenz's theological and moral beliefs. These are the foundation of his poetics revolving around the will to act. This study brings to light the particular narrative strategies Lenz resorts to, and the poetological dimension of his narrative works which show his interest in the effect of literature and in the energy that a literary work can convey to a reader. Moreover, this study reveals that his narratives offer a critical view of Wieland's poetics as well as of Enlightenment philosophy. Lenz opposes the anthropological scepticism he perceives, not only in Wieland's works, but also in certain texts by Goethe, especially Werther. Lenz considers this scepticism as a perverse effect of the "enlightened" theories, in particular that of French materialism. Although these theories are optimistic towards the evolution of mankind, they are filled with a determinist vision of humanity. This anthropology, and the scepticism it leads to are diametrically opposed to the ideal of autonomy Lenz defends. The study of his prose fiction reveals his criticism of Werther, the extent of which has long been underestimated in academic debate. It allows for a correction to the vision conveyed by previous works of the relationship between the two authors. This study is the first work dealing with the whole of Lenz's narrative writings. It presents a close reading, not only of his five best known stories but also of works which are rarely mentioned in previous studies, together with a yet unpublished story written in Moscow which is presented here for the first time. Furthermore, this study supplements the reflection on the attribution to Lenz of two narratives of doubtful authenticity published anonymously in 1781. Although the manuscript copies have been lost their interpretation in the context of this study shows that, in all likelihood, they are attributable to him
Ayabé, Mami. "Francis Ponge : un atelier pratique du "moviment"." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100102/document.
Full textReplaced in its original context, L Ecrit Beaubourg, the word “movement” appears to be a symbol of Ponge’s poetical practice. ln one only word it associates two fundamental elements: a play with the divergence and association of various things, and the materialism of the expression mode. On the basis of the paradoxical praise, these characteristics allow the making of a textual synthesis of contradictory elements, in particular of time and space, of the abstract and the concrete. Added to this intellectual vitality, the texts evolve in their composition like an organic body, as fragmentary constituents of Ponge’s work. ln his writings on art, he carries out also the paradoxical praise in accordance with his approach of plastic arts which convert temporal subjective emotions into substantial communicable materials. lt is precisely in his ‘poemes de circonstance’ (occasional poems) that his most contradictory poetics appear: that of concrete concise abstraction and that of monumentality in movement. ln between the thickness of the words and the flat surface of the pages, Ponge makes use of them particularly in his poetic diaries: La Fabrique du pré and La Table. Suggesting the musical form “moment”, and the parallelepiped spatial form by the segment “ment”, “movement” embodies the three-dimensional poetry, which keeps, as the Pompidou Center, the collective memory of words, revitalizing it constantly through the encouragement to practical applications of language
Navarrete, Carolina. "La construction de la subjectivité dans les chroniques de Pedro Lemebel." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20038/document.
Full textThe objective of this study is to analyze the construction of various subjects in the chronicles of the Chilean writer Pedro Lemebel. The dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet and the implementation of neoliberalism have profoundly transformed Chilean society. The author retrieves these transformations from the subjects who participate in this reality, and who have no real place in the institutional, literary and artistic discourse. We meet cross-dressers, prostitutes, homosexuals, street children, vagabonds, mentally disturbed individuals, and women from the slums. We want to demonstrate how these invisible subjects represent the discursive strategies invoked to highlight the processes of subjection imposed by the economic, political and social system. Furthermore, how do these strategies emphasize corporeality as a means of resistance discourse or even possibly a political force? The research is based on three lines of thought. We discuss the questions of whether the author is the textual space most conducive to explore the individual subjects. We then address the mode of subjection and constitution by subjects (subjectivity) at the fringes of society. These groups have made desire and memory their fundamental principles. Finally, we study the various text strategies related to the concept of “nomadic theory” and “resistant body”. Thus, we analyze the notion of being nomadic as part of one’s identity, bodily metamorphosis, the dominance of the flesh and the transformation of the imaginary order issued from the corporeality. Theoretically, we take as reference the work of Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari and Rosi Braidotti
Entezareghaem, Seyed Shahab Al Din. "Ideology, Power and Dissidence in The 'Revenger's Tragedy' (1607) and Cyril Tourneur's 'The Atheist's Tragedy' (1611) : a cultural materialist approach." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAC031.
Full textThis thesis aims to explore the contentious relationship of The Revenger's Tragedy and The Atheist's Tragedy with the dominant ideology which informed them. The theoretical positioning to which I adhere for my analysis of the tragedies is Cultural Materialism. A Cultural Materialist analysis endeavors to show how ideology and thus the existing socio-economic and religious order attempt to maintain their predominance despite being seriously called into question. Adhering to the concepts of dissidence, ‘self-fashioning’ and subversion, I explore the political, moral, philosophical, and generic dissidence underlying The Revenger's Tragedy and The Atheist's Tragedy. These two tragedies could be considered, along with other Elizabethan and Jacobean plays, as the most radical critiques of the dominant socio-political structure of England in the early modern era
Aribit, Frédéric. "André Breton, Georges Bataille : à l'impossible tenus... : essai d'une confrontation interprétative des romans familiaux jusqu'à la seconde guerre mondiale." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU1005.
Full textThe aim that has been given to this work is to start one more time the comparison between André Breton and Georges Bataille, starting from the premise of an original way of communication whose direct dialogue is but one of the forms, and trying to clarify its issues in the successively concerned fields of knowledge. Its –diachronic- reasoning starts from the family novels and ends at the beginning of World War II, after a community fervour on each side collapsed, opening a completely different period of the same exchange. It thus goes through a wide period of the history of that comparison, which, among others, deals with the conditions in which they met, how they met with psychoanalysis, the way their philosophical positioning or their ideological inscription on the fringe of the revolutionary left developed. This general approach helps think again about, among others, two especially crucial moments of the discussion, i. E. The violent climax of their 1929-1930 disagreement, and their 1935 attempt to get closer again, on the basis of a political reactivation of the myth. More generally, it invites to ask the question of the relationship to language and poetry, and questions about the incentive to write, suggesting at the same time a crossed foray into the major narrative works of the time. Such a work, as it seems, goes beyond the “literary thing” in the strict sense of the term, or rather takes its place at the meeting point of a set of topics related to the social sciences (philosophy, politics, psychoanalysis, art…), precisely where the global thought about man that each of them will have decided to lead is fixed
Bujor, Flavia. "Une poétique de l’étrangeté : plasticité des corps et matérialité du pouvoir (Suzette Mayr, Marie NDiaye, Yoko Tawada)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20051.
Full textThe poetics of strangeness is one of the expressions of a “return to the body” in contemporary fiction, a return through which fiction questions its own ability to depict society accurately. In the works of Suzette Mayr, Marie NDiaye and Yoko Tawada, the body appears as a strange object, the natural evidence of which can no longer be taken for granted. Its main characteristics are its plasticity, or even its tendency towards metamorphosis, and the fact that it bears the signs of domination. The poetics of strangeness can be viewed as the literary translation of the “queer materialist” turn operated in feminist studies to show how the production of subjectivity affects the dynamics of power while at the same time exposing the economically-determined, structural forms of domination. In the texts under study, the body is de-naturalized and simultaneously used as the sign of an intersectional history that shapes the narrative process. It is not so much the expression of a true identity as the fictional construction of a “situated standpoint”. That is why its strangeness cannot be separated from its narrative value : the description of a fictitious body allows to capture a certain perception of the world, to redefine narrative models, to create a “strange” use of language. These aesthetic mutations reflect, in terms proper to our corpus, a possible epistemological rupture, that leads to the reevaluation of the very “nature” of the body. Through a dialogue between theory and fiction based on their reciprocal strangeness, this thesis seeks to offer new perspectives on contemporary representations of the body and shed light on the literary reconfiguration of the social world it entails
Go, Henri. "L'obscur : sur le problème de la sagesse." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE2008.
Full textPhilosophy, which springs from astonishment, is a "passage into the obscure" in so far as it is a pro-vocation towards an adidactic situation. Thus, the wisdom sought by philosophy sould not be construed as a systematization of a global world-outlook, it should wilfully abandon any weltanschauung whatsoever. This delving deep into our ideas corresponds to a "pratical materialism' (Marx-Engels), in so far as we shall have to think out the concrete conditions of human existence as being activity, in order to institute the meaning of the good life. This meaning requires a total acknowledgement of the obscurity pertaining to antepredicative incarnate living. The intuition of obscurity as part and parcel of "existential fact" reaches its highest expression in art, a relationship of estrangement from reality, but an experience of reality as an actual meeting with the unknow. This experience leads to the discovery of the inner-man's depth, a passage deep beyond subjectivity, a camera obscura of a purely intellectual or idelogical ego. Wisdom henceforth consists in this delving deep into the politico-ethical question of the mitsein
Kawamura, Fumie. "Diderot et la chimie : répercussions de la notion de fermentation dans la pensée et dans l'écriture de Diderot." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10127.
Full textSolignac, Jean-Pierre. "Dynamique d'un modèle critique dans ses rapports au modèle dominant : enjeux et exigences des ruptures épistémologiques dans la recherche : au sein de la démarche de l'Aide à la Décision Politique (ADP), le modèle critique du Sujet Local entre Théorie et Pratique." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20096.
Full textCôté, Luc. "Les idéologies dans l'Idéologie : une structure complexe dans la philosophie de Louis Althusser." Mémoire, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1995. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/48/1/IdeologiesInIdeologie.pdf.
Full textMurcia, Thierry. "Jésus dans la littérature talmudique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3076.
Full textThis study presents a survey and a systematic analysis of the passages of Talmudic literature (Mishna – Tosefta – Palestinian Talmud – Babylonian Talmud – Midrashim), relative to Jesus or are supposed to be. The documents are examined, criticized and confronted to other sources of Jewish or Christian origin (Hellenistic Jewish literature, Jewish Apocrypha, rabbinic sources, Targumim, Toledot Yeshu – New Testament, Apostolic Fathers, Church Fathers). The investigation tries to answer to several questions: - What did the rabbis exactly know about Jesus? - Has their information any historical value? - Has their perception undergone some evolution? - Did the rabbis of the Talmud have access to the Gospels as a written source? The conclusion of this thesis is that all these documents are rooted in their Sitz im leben. They obviously attest – contra Peter Schäfer (Jesus in the Talmud, 2007) – that the rabbis had no direct acquaintance with the Gospels as written documents. This study also shows, concerning the Babylonian Talmud, that all the passages relative to Jesus belong to the last editorial layer of this corpus (VIIe-VIIIe century)
Eluther, Ena. "L'africanité dans la littérature caribéenne." Thesis, Le Mans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEMA3001.
Full textCan the africanity of caribbean cultures come down to distant survivals, or constitute the foundation of these cultures ? Literature, as a mirror of peoples, as a painting of cultures, as art, allows to perceive the cultural and literary continuity between the african continent and its caribbean diaspora. The comparison of english-speaking and french-speaking novels from the Caribbean and from West Africa and Central Africa shows common cultural features and literary topoi from one area to the other : colonial trauma, protection and adaptation of ancestral legacy, common spiritual values, linguistic problematics, paintings of resistance struggles in which the writer himself is in the frontline. This comparative study, which sometimes draws from caribbean and african oral literature, as from caribbean spanish-speaking literature, suggests that one should view the afro-caribbean cultural expressions as an extension of african cultural expressions, offering in this way a large panorama of the cultural and literary black world. From 1921 to the early years 2000, this analysis takes into account the changes of african and caribbean literatures and the societies they represent. Have the changes definitively broken the african civilizational unity, the cultural links between Africa and the Americas ? On the contrary, the reading of the novels of the corpus shows an homogeneous and coherent picture of cultural and literary expressions of Africa and its caribbean diaspora, so doing putting Africa back into the center of caribbean culture
Noiseux, Andrée. "La classe moyenne dans l'idéologie du développement." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20508.
Full textCally, Jean William. "LA BÊTE DANS LA LITTÉRATURE FANTASTIQUE." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457638.
Full textDiop, Alioune. "L'imaginaire animalier dans la littérature arabe." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040180.
Full textDubreuil, Philippe. "Les injures dans la littérature latine." Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1069.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the research of the contribution of the antique latin abusive literary practise to the social complexity and to the imaginative world. The thesis develops, in three distinct parts, a statistical, linguistic, literary and sociological study of the abusive terms in all the literary genres (125 texts and 50 authors) from IIIrd century BC to the fell of Rome in 475. It includes : - Abuses and Latin language (Volume I). Through a corpus of 1370 words and 2344 quotations, the author studies the different types of abusive words, their origins, constructions, senses and how they are employed in the latin sentences. - Abuses and latin literature (Volumes II and III). The author lists the uses (frequency and density) of abusive terms in theatre, in speeches, in poetry and in prose (philosophical or political studies, novels, correspondence. . . ). He studies the role and the functions of abuses in the texts and the connection they have with poetry, rhetoric and eloquence. - Abuses and antique roman Society (Volume IV) where is analyzed the social field of abuses according to the social groups, the Men/Women relations and the different forms of the practice of abusing naming. A special chapter is devoted to the antique roman imaginative world of abuses. The conclusion is about the civilizing role of abuses as welle in the antique Rome as in our collective unconscious. The corpus of words and quotations is detailed in a lexicon Latin-French and an index French-Latin (tome V). The lexicon is also available in. Pdf format as a CD-Rom
Benachir, Hynde. "Le "haiku" dans la littérature hispanique." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30036/document.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is set at a crossroads between linguistics and literature since it is about the haiku in Hispanic literature, which we aim to characterize as a poetic form in the Spanish-speaking literary context and as a "prototype" of the brief from the perspective of its discursive and enunciative terms. Traditionally associated with Japanese culture, in which it takes root, the haiku is one of the shortest poetic forms in the world. With its seventeen syllables in all, it compels to the greatest thoroughness in the choice of words, a concise expression and a "condensation" of the meaning that make it a succint poem, often to be pondered after reading. Neither verse nor rhyme are part of the metrical constraints of the Japanese haiku. Its aesthetics, influenced by Zen Buddhism, aims to be contemplative, supported by the subjectivity of the poetic voice, which appears as a "witness of the world", only transposing facts that are sometimes "unimportant", often trivial, yet nonetheless a part of any person's daily life. In Western poetry, the haiku has no equivalent, owing as much to its brevity as to its "puristic" aesthetics. However, it should be noted that it is strongly represented in contemporary Hispanic literature. Neither the Orientalism from the beginning of the XXth century nor the poetic re-assessments started by the Modernists and carried on by the Avant-Garde movements are enough to explain this enthusiasm of the Spanish-speaking poets for this Japanese poem. Indeed, Hispanic literature took hold of this literary phenomenon as soon as the first translations of Japanese anthologies were published, in the 1910s. There is, however, no linguistic connection between the haiku and Spanish-speaking poets. Nevertheless, the first collections of haikus also date back to the 1910s, which indicates that there was no latency between the appearance of the haiku and its adaptation into Spanish. Starting from these observations, we attempted, through a multi-focal approach notably based on literal analysis, to retrace this poetic form's literary and linguistic path, from the Japanese rice paper rolls to the so-called "Hispanic" haiku
Vincent, Manon. "Les animaux dans la littérature hellénistique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040225.
Full textOur study focuses on animals in Hellenistic literature. We deliberately chose to work on a large text corpus in order to highlight the multiple representations of the animal appearing in the texts of the period. The first part of this study is devoted to animal imagery through which the authors describe the characters and human qualities, exposing, to a lesser extent, the analogue relationship between animals. The second part aims to show existing relationships, symbolic or real, between man and animal. The staging of the animals in the story reflects thepractices and ways of thinking of the Hellenistic society towards the animal. The last part of this study presents the attempts to objectify the behaviours and qualities of the animal. In that sense, it shows the rise of philosophical schools and sciences of the period by the philosophical and didactic approach to animal nature. In texts, Hellenistic thought reveals the continual tension between belief and knowledge, between cultural representations and "scientific data" of the animal. If the authors conceive man as belonging to the animal biological continuum, they stand out by the assertion of their superiority in an intellective perspective
Salaün, Franck. "L'ordre des moeurs : essai sur la place du matérialisme dans la société française du XVIIIe siècle (1734-1784)." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010662.
Full textThis study emphasizes the importance of materialism during the Enlightenment, between Voltaire's Lettres philosophiques and the death of Diderot. The history of the word and the idea, as well as the archeology of the phenomenon, reveal the essential role played by materialistic trends in the change of practices and standards ideas in eighteen-century France
Assoun, Paul-Laurent. "Idéologie politique et lutte de classes dans le discours historiographique du "fatalisme historique" en France sous la Restauration." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987IEPPA014.
Full textThe present volume starts from a statement by Karl Marx, the founder of historic materialism according to which the notion of "class struggle" would have been "discovered" by "the bourgeois historians" of the restoration and analyses the historical, philosophical and political discourse which would have made such an "invention" possible i. E. The school of historic fatalism, represented by Thiers and Mignet and its concomitants, the historical thought of Guizot and Thierry, and whose output lasted from 1820 to 1831 at which date the school received its baptism through Chateaubriand. It appeared that an intense ideological debate has accompanied this historiographical school, born in the political struggle of restoration liberalism and which caused the invention of the history of the revolution. Thus one is led to show the conception of historic antagonism -"historic machiavellianism"- which brings on a singularly radical reading of politics. This investigation brings forth the analysis of the conception of the historical subject and action and its political meaning. This genealogy allows to put the marxist conception its specificity
Quilhot-Gesseaume, Brigitte. "Les représentations de la littérature étrangère dans l'enseignement de littérature des lycées." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10072.
Full textLevassort, Laurent. "La femme dans la littérature fantastique contemporaine." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100166.
Full textLouviot, Myriam. "Poétique de l'hybridité dans les littératures postcoloniales." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/LOUVIOT_Myriam_2010.pdf.
Full textSince the 80s, the postcolonial literatures have been raising increasing interest. Through a corpus of francophone and anglophone novels (from Chamoiseau, Condé, Kourouma, Waberi, Naipaul, Okri, Roy and Rushdie), this study intend to give a clear definition of the notion of hybridity, which is often associated to these literatures. Then, it analyses the way this hybridity is expressed in the novels and tries to show in which way it inscribes itself in an identity strategy. Postcolonial novels, with their diverse and sometimes contradictory heritage, are born on shaky ground, especially as their intended audience is often complex and as they often depend on recognition from Europe. They are peripheral literatures, whose place and legitimacy are not guaranteed. As such, they need to specify their context of enunciation all the more carefully and to develop a very specific scenography. It appears that these literatures rely on an ethos of loss, which is certainly felt as a suffering, but also as liberating. The hybrid also questions the notion of belonging. Embodiment of many identity aporias, it forces to think anew the traditional references. Finally, hybrid discourse, pervaded by perpetual negociation, sets itself up to be a new discourse, the reflection of the today’s changing world. Rather than to represent the identity crisis exclusively as the unhappy condition of the postcolonial individual, the postcolonial literatures turn it into a privileged position from which to elaborate new ways to be in the world
Moussa, Souleiman Obsieh. "L'oralité dans la littérature de la Corne de l'Afrique : traditions orales, formes et mythologies de la littérature pastorale, marques de l'oralité dans la littérature." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00796155.
Full textObsieh, Moussa Souleiman. "L'oralité dans la littérature de la Corne de l'Afrique : traditions orales, formes et mythologies de la littérature pastorale, marques de l'oralité dans la littérature." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOL016/document.
Full textThe Horn of Africa has a traditional oral literature which is rich and varied as the rest of the continent, starting from pastoral mythology to poetry, legend and storytelling. But with the social upheaval which occurred with the arrival of European settlers and the introduction of writing, the chain of transmission of the oral tradition is threatened. Many Europeans have sought to describe the habits and customs of these people. Whereas on the other hand, the writers from the Horn of Africa are often inspired by giving it (orality) and a new way of doing it. The following research work strives to reflect traditional forms of orality and their impact on modern literature
Côté, Benoît. "Nature et fondements de la doctrine de la nécessité dans la pensée philosophique de Joseph Priestley (1733-1804)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11916.
Full textLévesque, Geneviève. "Une écriture à l'oeuvre dans Malicroix d'Henri Bosco." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27043/27043.pdf.
Full textThis thesis schematizes, in Malicroix by Henri Bosco, the process that presides to the writing of the novel itself. Using a poietic approach, we consider the text as a writer’s poetic that takes a fictional form. A phenomenological perspective allows us to study the novel from the point of view of perception, and mythocritique enables us to reflect on the perception of the world – especially the world of the text – through the angle of the sacred and its symbols. Reconstructing the horizontal and vertical structures of the novel, we reflect on diverse aspects of the text and of the scriptural process. The reading horizon constitutes the first chapter of our thesis and offers a triple view on the novel: the story and the characters, the spatiotemporal context and the mythical point of view. In the second chapter are elaborated two central notions, the figures and the chronotopes. Two groups of figures emerge, one associated with the writer as creator of the text and the other, with the process of expression. The figures play distinct roles in the conception and expression and are represented in Malicroix by way of the characters. The chronotopes study divides the novel in eleven times-spaces that constitute the basis of the figures’ progression through the text. The third chapter details how the figures cross the chronotopes’ series, drawing the scriptural route inscribed in eleven successive situations in the text. The last chapter contains two parts. The first examines the writer’s poetic that Bosco published under the title « L’exaltation et l’amplitude ». The second, which constitutes the final objective of our study, integrates the elements of this writer’s poetic in the eleven successive situations, producing a description of the stages of the scriptural process followed by Bosco while writing Malicroix.
Closson, Marianne. "L'imaginaire démoniaque dans la littérature française (1550-1650) : genèse de la littérature fantastique." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100157.
Full textLéontaridou, Théodora. "Le mythe troyen dans la littérature française." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030013.
Full textFrom the 16th Century until the 20th, le troyan myth emerges in a variety of forms in French literature with famous or less known works but of equal significance as they convey the climate and the spirit of an era. The reason why all of these writers go into mythology could be partly explained by the imitation of ancients applied to the French letters of the 16th and 17th centuries. How this material is transformed, what the writers are expressing through the legends and the myths, which is the relationship of the transformed materiel with the initial, are some of the questions that this research is requested to explore. During the period of the Absolutism in which the freedom of expression is limited, the myth is proved to be a secure means which offers the security of the distance, the suitable frame and the flexibility of the mythological material which are processed by the creators. It becomes the vehicle of doubt and criticism of various grades against authority. The end of this political period removes from the myth this function. But it doesn’t stop its use in literature and the theater. This is because the myth is capable of putting again questions for the vital causes which deal with the human race, such as the woman, the war, the xenophobia
Ameziane, Amar. "Tradition et renouvellement dans la littérature kabyle." Paris, INALCO, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INAL0028.
Full textJames-Raoul, Danièle. "La parole empêchée dans la littérature arthurienne." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040148.
Full textThe arthurian romances are elaborated out of a kind of game on communication being broken or failing which the here will be commissioned to restore, clarify or impose. The ancient fund of celtic mythology together which tradition and variety of psychological and social codes combine to weig in turn upon the heroes' longues, thus makinf the hindered speech - in manifgold facets - onr of the central motifs of arthurian literature. It is all the more evident as the impeded world always sets its seal to the human destiny from sheere silence to a sibylin ot veiled discourse or else a temporarily impossibl utlerance: it is afantastic stepping-stone to the attainment of knowledge, to the happy development of personality, and to the revival of genuine and promising speech a recall of the divine model. Repress the flow of speech and it tells better: actually this is what all those romances paradoxically teach and this lesson is to foundin their advancingnarrative as well as in their rhetoric. Indeed, the writers themselves constantly seem to restain their discourse, to stopi to hold it in; but is pnlu have it guessed, or even supplied by the reader following an infernal process of addition. The paradox which appears between the huge amount of writing in the arthurian literature and the way words are refrained stands merely as a semblance: when performed in the fiction of romances the speech keeps being hindered and therefore the stream of the words used in the arthurien book runs endlessly
Couchaux, Brigitte. "Le mythe de Lilith dans la littérature." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040133.
Full textRenaud, Jean. "Les archipels écossais dans la littérature norroise." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040012.
Full textStepping stones of the viking expansion towards west, the scottish isles (shetland, orknney, hebrides) occupy a good place in old norse literature (sagas, scaldic poems). Among the numerous sources, there are especially orkneyinga saga (for orkney) and hakonar saga (for the hebrides). Besides, some poems were composed in the isles. The history of the scottish isles is presented as seen through the norse texts, often compared to scottish and irish sources, and like wise the different elements of civilisation (society, institutions). The scottish isles were at a cross-roads of the scandinavian world, but they also were a meeting-point of two cultures : nordic and celtic
Labrunye, Hélène. "La lecture fictive dans la littérature fantastique." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUEL312.
Full textBarrovecchio, Anne-Sophie. "Histoire de Bélisaire dans la littérature française." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040049.
Full textThe Byzantine general Belisarius is simultaneously a great conqueror and a blind beggar, a historical personage and a figure of legend. He appears repeatedly in literature and the arts across Europe from the sixth century to the present. His importance has been noted before, but up till now he has never been the object of a broad and far-reaching synthesis. The present study, which is based on a vast bibliographical investigation of major and minor sources, retraces more than fifteen hundred years of history of the theme, emphasising in particular its legacy in French literature. It is important to show just how universal this forgotten figure once was, and this study maps out definitively the history of a hero who became a myth during his very long peregrinations. Its point of departure, still famous today, is the treatment of Belisarius during the Enlightenment
Gourmaud-Gonzáles, Aline. "Migrations et métissages dans la littérature caribéenne." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2013/document.
Full textThis research work deals with Caribbean literature and more precisely with the issue of narration. A literary corpus will be used to study migrations and amalgamations within societies living in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. Caribbean writers have always been very concerned with History, and their attempts to describe their own society have been a constant phenomenon since the early 20th century. Thanks to this thesis, we will try to see whether all the contributions brought along via migratory movements toward, inward and outward Caribbean have been acknowledged by the culture of the host countries. The study is divided in three parts: the first will present the concepts and the historical background alluded to in the novels and short stories, the second will consist in a textual analysis, the third will focus on some authors' points of view. Marta Rojas, Luis López Nieves and Marcio Veloz Maggiolo have been asked five questions about Caribbean literature, their own oeuvre and their sources of inspiration. Thanks to their answers, we will try to figure whether nowadays Caribbean literature should be considered as one or many
Danou, Gérard. "Le corps souffrant : littérature et médecine." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070132.
Full textScientific medicine sees only mechanical bodies, it doesn't see the inner desires. Bodies live everyday trhough a number of obscure phenomenon : emotions, tiredness, pain. Literature, as born from the desires of the writing subject, on the entwined borders of world and language, gives us a subtle approach on life's experiments, through the analogical link reading is. Let us read jean reverzy's fatigue, marguerite duras' douleur, j. M. G. Le clezio's feverish emotions, or thomas mann. Literature's alchemy tells us about the pains of mind; what does it say about physical illnesses (cancer, aids)? with herve guibert and other writers, technical medicine comes into literature. Along with aids, irrationality, causality, fear of strangers are back, as in the time of plague and lepers. But what of the physician's pain, his disgust over the scarred body ? what can be his reaction to disgust ? to the other person's death, a forecast of his own ? the works of several doctor-writers explore the mysteries of patient-doctor relationship and restore that part of the physician's self which had been held back, day after day, by his medical practice. Doctor-writers stand on a tight line between caring for the others and caring for one self; bertween curing the ill and secretly fighting for his own salvation
Maravelia, Amanda-Alice. "Les astres dans les textes religieux en Egypte antique et dans les "hymnes orphiques" helléniques." Limoges, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LIMO2005.
Full textMiskovsky, Isabelle. "La relation au lecteur dans le roman contemporain pour la jeunesse." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100102.
Full textThe novel for young people has evolved since the 80ies toward a rich and complex relationship between the authors and their readers, perceptible in literary works. The ambivalent functions which have defined for long the specific novel style for young people, i. E. To untertain and to educate, are questioned nowadays. The writers are anxious to get away from a too simplistic reading agreement and to commit themselves to a wider social and artistic search concerning a larger audience. Starting from the two main objectives which however persist unsaid ( and which corresponde to the srong expectations of those who publish and prescribe). The thesis studies how the authors modify the rules of this style for young through subtle compromises and determined transgressions in order to make their own voice heard. .