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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Materials – Creep – Testing

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Academic literature on the topic 'Materials – Creep – Testing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Materials – Creep – Testing"

1

Hyde, C. J., Thomas H. Hyde, and Wei Sun. "Small Ring Testing of High Temperature Materials." Key Engineering Materials 734 (April 2017): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.734.168.

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In service components such as steam pipes, pipe branches, gas and steam turbine blades, etc. which operate in engineering applications such as power plant, aero-engines, chemical plant etc., can operate at temperatures which are high enough for creep to occur. Often, only nominal operating conditions (i.e. pressure, temperatures, system load, etc.) are known and hence precise life predictions for these components, which may be complex in terms of geometry or weld characteristics, are not possible. Within complex components it can also be the case that the proportion of the material creep life consumed may vary from position to position within the component. It is therefore important that non-destructive techniques are available for assisting in the making of decisions on whether to repair, continue operating or replace certain components. Small specimen creep testing is a technique which can allow such analyses to be performed. Small samples of material are removed from the component to make small creep test specimens. These specimens can then be tested to give information on the remaining creep life of the component. This paper presents the results of small ring specimens tested under creep conditions and shows the comparison to standard (full size) creep testing for materials used under high temperature in industry.

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2

Wolfenden, A., LC McDonald, and KT Hartwig. "Cryogenic Creep Testing." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 19, no. 2 (1991): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte12542j.

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3

Král, Petr, Jiří Dvořák, Marie Kvapilová, Jaroslav Lukeš, and Vaclav Sklenička. "Constant Load Testing of Materials Using Nanoindentation Technique." Key Engineering Materials 606 (March 2014): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.606.69.

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Experiments were conducted to evaluate creep behavior of conventional and ultrafine-grained metallic materials using nanoindentation technique. The polished surface of samples was loaded up to 5 mN. The load was held constant to examine the creep behavior. Nanoindentation tests were performed at room temperature. Strain rate was evaluated from load and displacement data. The stress exponents of strain rates n were determined from loading stress dependences of creep rate. The values of stress exponents of the indentation strain rate indicate that creep behavior of investigated materials is influenced in particular by slip of intragranular dislocations. By contrast, deformation mechanisms like grain boundary sliding and diffusion processes seem to be improbable.

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4

Kuwano, Reiko, and Richard J. Jardine. "On measuring creep behaviour in granular materials through triaxial testing." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 39, no. 5 (October 1, 2002): 1061–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t02-059.

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The first part of the paper describes the precision and long-term stability that are required in triaxial stress-strain measurements and in stress-path control systems to obtain reliable information on creep in granular media. It is shown that membrane penetration and sample end compliance must be accounted for and that lubricated ends and local strain measurements are essential. The temperature sensitivity of each transducer also needs to be assessed, even when working in a temperature-controlled laboratory. The second part of the paper presents illustrative data that were obtained in tests on sand and Ballotini® glass beads. Considerable creep deformations were observed under both isotropic and anisotropic effective stress conditions, even at relatively low pressures where particle breakage was unlikely to be significant. The experiments show how creep depends on the stress conditions imposed, how the strain increment directions change during creep, and how the creep rates stabilize with time.Key words: sand, creep, triaxial test, yielding, membrane penetration.

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5

Duan, Xiaochang, Hongwei Yuan, Wei Tang, Jingjing He, and Xuefei Guan. "A Phenomenological Primary–Secondary–Tertiary Creep Model for Polymer-Bonded Composite Materials." Polymers 13, no. 14 (July 18, 2021): 2353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13142353.

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This study develops a unified phenomenological creep model for polymer-bonded composite materials, allowing for predicting the creep behavior in the three creep stages, namely the primary, the secondary, and the tertiary stages under sustained compressive stresses. Creep testing is performed using material specimens under several conditions with a temperature range of 20 °C–50 °C and a compressive stress range of 15 MPa–25 MPa. The testing data reveal that the strain rate–time response exhibits the transient, steady, and unstable stages under each of the testing conditions. A rational function-based creep rate equation is proposed to describe the full creep behavior under each of the testing conditions. By further correlating the resulting model parameters with temperature and stress and developing a Larson–Miller parameter-based rupture time prediction model, a unified phenomenological model is established. An independent validation dataset and third-party testing data are used to verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model. The performance of the proposed model is compared with that of an existing reference model. The verification and comparison results show that the model can describe all the three stages of the creep process, and the proposed model outperforms the reference model by yielding 28.5% smaller root mean squared errors on average.

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Sklenička, Vàclav, Květa Kuchařová, Marie Kvapilová, Luboš Kloc, Jiří Dvořák, and Petr Král. "High-Temperature Creep Tests of Two Creep-Resistant Materials at Constant Stress and Constant Load." Key Engineering Materials 827 (December 2019): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.827.246.

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Creep is defined as a time dependent component of plastic deformation. Creep tests can be performed either at constant load or at constant applied stress. Engineering creep tests carried out at constant load are aimed at determination of the creep strength or creep fracture strength, i.e. the data needed for design. The constant stress tests are important as a data source for fundamental investigations of creep deformation and fracture mechanisms and for finite element modelling of more complex stress situations. For some materials, the difference between the two type of testing can be very small, while for other materials is large, depending on the creep plasticity of the material under testing. The paper aims to compare the creep results of two different creep-resistant materials: the advanced 9%Cr martensitic steel (ASME Grade P91) and a Zr1%Nb alloy obtained by both testing methods and to clarify the decisive factors causing observed differences in their creep behaviour.

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7

Maxwell, A. S., M. A. Monclus, N. M. Jennett, and G. Dean. "Accelerated testing of creep in polymeric materials using nanoindentation." Polymer Testing 30, no. 4 (June 2011): 366–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2011.02.002.

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8

Dobeš, F., and K. Milička. "Application of creep small punch testing in assessment of creep lifetime." Materials Science and Engineering: A 510-511 (June 2009): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2008.04.087.

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9

Ballokova,, Beata, Pavol Hvizdos,, Michal Besterci,, Marcus Zumdick,, and Alexander Bohm,. "Creep Testing of MoSi2 - Bases Composites." High Temperature Materials and Processes 25, no. 3 (June 2006): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp.2006.25.3.139.

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10

Ganesh Kumar, J., K. Laha, and M. D. Mathew. "Small Punch Creep Testing Technique for Remnant Life Assessment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.739.

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Small punch creep (SPC) testing technique is a material non-intensive testing technique for evaluating creep behavior of materials using miniature specimens. It can be used for remnant life assessment (RLA) studies on components in service, by scooping out limited material for testing without impairing the strength of component. In order to ensure the reliability of use of SPC technique for RLA, it is necessary to establish sound database on SPC properties of the material before putting into service. In this investigation, SPC technique was used to evaluate creep properties of 316LN stainless steel using specimens of size 10 x 10 x 0.5 mm. SPC tests were conducted in load controlled mode at 923 K and at various loads. SPC curves clearly exhibited primary, secondary and tertiary creep stages. The minimum deflection rate increased and rupture life decreased with an increase in applied load. Like in conventional creep test results, the minimum deflection rate obeyed Norton’s power law and Monkman-Grant relationship. SPC test was correlated with corresponding conventional creep test. Good correlation was established between creep rupture life values evaluated from SPC tests and conventional creep tests.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Materials – Creep – Testing"

1

Elmansy, N. M. "Deformation of bituminous highway pavement materials." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373221.

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2

Grover, Parmeet Singh. "An accelerated test procedure for creep-fatigue crack growth testing." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20188.

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Syed, Asif S. A. "Time dependent micro deformation of materials." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362108.

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4

FARINA, LUIS C. "Caracterizacao viscoelastica por meio de ensaios de fluencia e ruptura por fluencia de compositos polimericos de matriz de resina epoxidica e fibra de carbono." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9391.

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Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

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5

Williams, Valorie Sharron 1960. "In situ microviscoelastic measurements by polarization interferometry." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276691.

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A new type of computer-controlled instrument has been developed to measure microviscoelastic properties of thin materials. It can independently control and measure indentation loads and depths in situ revealing information about material creep and relaxation. Sample and indenter positions are measured with a specially designed polarization interferometer. Indenter loadings can be varied between 0.5 and 10 grams and held constant to ±41 mg. The resulting indentation depths can be measured in situ to ±1.2 nm. The load required to maintain constant indentation depths from 0.1 to 5.0 microns can be measured in situ to ±3.3 mg and the depth held constant to ±15 nm.

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6

Stang, Eric Thomas. "Constitutive Modeling of Creep in Leaded and Lead-Free Solder Alloys Using Constant Strain Rate Tensile Testing." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1548338008633472.

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7

Yeakle, Colin. "Experimental Testing and Numerical Modeling to Capture Deformation Phenomenon in Medical Grade Polymers." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1313771863.

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8

Gupta, Bhaawan. "Advanced electromagnetic non-destructive testing on creep degraded high chromium ferritic steels : Characterization, Modelling and physical interpretation." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI074.

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Sous des températures et des pressions élevées constantes, les matériaux métalliques de structure subissent une dégradation mécanique par fluage qui entraîne des changements microstructuraux. Ces derniers, s'ils ne sont pas surveillés à temps, peuvent entraîner des incidents sérieux, notamment dans le domaine de la production d’énergie électrique (centrales électriques). Pour déterminer les changements microstructuraux, le matériau doit avoir une forme et une taille spécifiques pour que l'analyse des images obtenues par microscopie électronique à balayage, diffraction par rétrodiffusion d'électrons, etc. soit effectuée. Cette préparation destructive demande à extraire le matériau à tester du système, et à le modifier pour la mesure. Afin de surmonter ce problème, dans ce travail de thèse sont proposées trois techniques micro magnétiques non destructives, pour étudier l'évolution des signatures magnétiques par rapport aux niveaux de rupture auquel les matériaux sont exposés. Il est légitime de supposer que tous les changements microstructuraux qui se produisent dans le matériau vont se refléter dans les signatures magnétiques mesurées. Le matériau étudié ici est de l'acier à haute teneur en chrome très sensible au fluage et principalement utilisé dans les centrales thermiques. Certains paramètres magnétiques, tels que la coercivité, la réversibilité magnétique, sont dérivés et montrent de fortes corrélations avec la microstructure. De même, des techniques basées sur les courbes d'hystérésis et le bruit magnétique de Barkhausen sont également appliquées. Pour quantifier davantage les résultats obtenus à partir des signatures magnétiques des matériaux, le modèle de Jiles-Atherton a été adapté à la simulation des signaux de contrôle non destructif. A l’inverse, la possibilité de déterminer les paramètres du modèle à partir des seules mesures de contrôle non destructif est démontrée. Cela apporte des éléments complémentaires à l’interprétation physique des changements microstructurels. La technique de modélisation peut aider en outre à résoudre le problème de l'absence de normes dans les essais non destructifs, quel que soit le dispositif expérimental utilisé. Les paramètres sont enfin comparés pour révéler la sensibilité de chacun d’entre eux aux changements microstructuraux, et ce en fonction de chaque technique de contrôle non destructif utilisée
Under constant high temperatures and pressure, the material undergoes mechanical creep degradation which leads to microstructural changes. These microstructural changes if not monitored on time, can lead to some serious fatal accidents such as in power plants. To investigate these microstructural changes, the material has to be shaped in a certain specific shape and size to have the imaging analysis using Scanning electron microscopy, Electron backscatter diffract ion etc. which are destructive in nature and involve high equipment cost. In order to overcome this issue, this thesis work, incorporates three different non-destructive techniques, to study the evolution of magnetic signatures with respect to the level of rupture they are exposed to. It is legitimate to assume that all the microstructural changes that occur in the material can be reflected in the corresponding magnetic signatures measured. The material that has been studied here is high chromium creep degraded steel which is used in the thermal power plant. The magnetic signatures are evaluated in terms of microstructural information to draw the conclusions. Some magnetic parameters from the curves, such as coercivity, magnetic reversibility are derived which show strong correlations with the microstructure. Similarly, techniques based on Hysteresis curves, and magnetic Barkhausen Noise are also implemented. To further quantify the results obtained from the magnetic signatures of the materials, a model has been developed to derive model parameters in order to physically interpret the microstructural changes. The modelling technique will help in overcoming the issue of lack of standards in NDT, irrespective of the experimental set-up involved. The parameters are compared to reveal sensitivity based on the technique. Finally, conclusion has been drawn to check which parameters are correlated to microstructure for a particular NDT technique used

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9

Yu, Cheng-Han. "Anisotropic mechanical behaviors and microstructural evolution of thin-walled additively manufactured metals." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Konstruktionsmaterial, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-169054.

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Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a concept and method of a manufacturing process that builds a three-dimensional object layer-by-layer. Opposite to the conventional subtractive manufacturing, it conquers various limitations on component design freedom and raises interest in various fields, including aerospace, automotive and medical applications. This thesis studies the mechanical behavior of thin-walled component manufactured by a common AM technique, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The studied material is Hastelloy X, which is a Ni-based superalloy, and it is in connection to a component repair application in gas turbines. The influence of microstructure on the deformation mechanisms at elevated temperatures is systematically investigated. This study aims for a fundamental and universal study that can apply to different material grades with FCC crystallographic structure. It is common to find elongated grain and subgrain structure caused by the directional laser energy input in the LPBF process, which is related to the different printing parameters and brands of equipment. This thesis will start with the study of scan rotation effect on stainless steel 316L in an EOS M290 equipment. The statistic texture analysis by using neutron diffraction reveals a clear transition when different level of scan rotation is applied. Scan rotation of 67° is a standard printing parameter with intention to lower anisotropy, yet, the elongated grain and cell structure is still found in the as-built microstructure. Therefore, the anisotropic mechanical behavior study is carried out on the sample printed with scan rotation of 67° in this thesis. Thin-walled effects in LPBF are investigated by studying a group of plate-like HX specimens, with different nominal thicknesses from 4mm down to 1mm, and a reference group of rod-like sample with a diameter of 18mm. A texture similar to Goss texture is found in rod-like sample, and it becomes <011>//BD fiber texture in the 4mm specimen, then it turns to be <001> fiber texture along the transverse direction (TD) in the 1mm specimen. Tensile tests with the strain rate of 10−3 s−1 have been applied to the plate-like specimens from room temperature up to 700 ℃. A degradation of strength is shown when the sample becomes thinner, which is assumed to be due to the overestimated load bearing cross-section since the as-built surface is rough. A cross-section calibration method is proposed by reducing the surface roughness, and a selection of proper roughness parameters is demonstrated with the consideration of the calculated Taylor’s factor and the residual stress. The large thermal gradient during the LPBF process induces high dislocation density and strengthens the material, hence, the LPBF HX exhibits better yield strength than conventionally manufactured, wrought HX, but the work hardening capacity and ductility are sacrificed at the same time. Two types of loading condition reveal the anisotropic mechanical behavior, where the vertical and horizontal tests refer to the loading direction being on the BD and TD respectively. The vertical tests exhibit lower strength but better ductility that is related to the larger lattice rotation observed from the samples with different deformation level. Meanwhile, the elongated grain structure and grain boundary embrittlement are responsible for the low horizontal ductility. A ductile to brittle transition is traced at 700 ℃, so a further study with two different slow strain rates, 10−5 s−1 and 10−6 s−1, are carried out at 700 ℃. Creep damage is shown in the slow strain rates testing. Deformation twinning is found only in the vertical tests where it forms mostly in the twin favorable <111> oriented grain along the LD. The large lattice rotation and the deformation twinning make the vertical ductility remain high level under the slow strain rates. The slow strain rate tensile testing lightens the understanding of creep behavior in LPBF Ni-based superalloys. In summary, this thesis uncovers the tensile behavior of LPBF HX with different variations, including geometry-dependence, temperature-dependence, crystallographic texture-dependence and strain rate-dependence. The generated knowledge will be beneficial to the future study of different mechanical behavior such as fatigue and creep, and it will also enable a more robust design for LPBF applications.
Additiv tillverkning, eller 3D-utskrifter, är tillverkningsmetoder där man skapar ett tredimensionellt objekt genom att tillföra material lager for lager. Till skillnad från konventionella avverkande tillverkningsmetoder elimineras många geometriska begränsningar vilket ger större designfrihet och metoderna har därför väckt stort intresse inom en rad olika områden, inklusive flyg-, fordons- och medicinska tillämpningar. I denna avhandling studeras mekaniska egenskaper hos tunnväggiga komponenter tillverkade med en vanligt förekommande laserbaserad pulverbädds-teknik, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Det studerade materialet är Hastelloy X, en Ni-baserad superlegering som är vanligt förekommande for både nytillverkning och reparation av komponenter för gasturbiner. Inverkan av mikrostruktur på deformationsmekanismerna vid förhöjda temperaturer undersöks systematiskt. Detta arbete syftar till att ge grundläggande och generisk kunskap som kan tillämpas på olika materialtyper med en kubiskt tätpackad (FCC) kristallstruktur. Det är vanligt att man hittar en utdragen kornstruktur orsakad av den riktade tillförseln av laserenergi i LPBF-processen, vilket kan relateras till olika processparametrar och kan variera mellan utrustningar frän olika leverantörer. Denna avhandling inleds med studien av effekten av scanningsstrategi vid tillverkning av rostfritt stål 316L i en EOS M290-utrustning. En statistisk texturanalys med hjälp av neutrondiffraktion påvisar en tydlig övergång mellan olika mikrostrukturer när olika scanningsstrategier tillämpas. En scanningsrotation på 67 mellan varje lager är en typisk standardinställning med avsikt att sanka anisotropin i materialet, dock finns den utdragna kornstrukturen oftast kvar. I denna avhandling studeras därför de anisotropa egenskaperna hos material tillverkade med 67 scanningsrotation. Effekten av tunnväggiga strukturer i LPBF undersöks genom att studera en uppsättning platta HX-prover, med olika nominella tjocklekar från 4 mm ner till 1 mm, samt en referensgrupp med cylindriska prov med en diameter på 18 mm. Kristallografisk textur som liknar den av Goss-typ återfinns i de cylindriska proverna vilket gradvis övergår från en fibertextur med <011> i byggriktningen for 4mm-proven till en fibertextur med <001> i tvärriktningen for 1mm-proven. Dragprovning med en töjningshastighet på 10−3 s−1 har utförts på de platta provstavarna från rumstemperatur upp till 700 ℃. En sänkning av styrkan uppvisas när proven blir tunnare, vilket kan antas bero på att det lastbarande tvärsnittet överskattas på grund av den grova ytan. En metod för tvärsnittskalibrering föreslås genom att kompensera for ytråheten, och valet av lämplig ytfinhetsparameter motiveras med hänsyn till den beräknade Taylor-faktorn och förekomsten av restspänningar. Den stora termiska gradienten som uppstår for LPBF-processen inducerar en hög dislokationstäthet vilket höjer materialets styrka och följaktligen uppvisar LPBF HX högre sträckgräns an konventionellt tillverkad, smidda HX, men förmågan till deformationshårdnande samt duktiliteten i materialet sänks samtidigt. Tester utförda i två olika belastningsriktningar, vertikalt respektive horisontellt mot byggriktningen, demonstrerar det anisotropiska mekaniska beteendet. De vertikala testerna uppvisar lägre hållfasthet men bättre duktilitet vilket kan relateras till en större benägenhet for kristallstukturen att rotera när deformationsgraden ökar. Samtidigt är den utdragna kronstukturen ansvarig for den lägre duktiliteten for de horisontella proverna. En övergång från ett duktilt till ett mer sprött beteende noterades vid 700 ℃, och därför initierades ytterligare en studie där tester med två lägre töjningshastigheter, 10−5 s−1 och 10−6 s−1, utfördes vid 700 ℃. Det kan noteras att krypskador återfinns i tester med en långsam deformationshastighet och deformationstvillingar uppstår endast i de vertikala provstavarna där det främst bildas tvillingar i korn orienterade med <111> riktningen längs belastningsriktningen. Den stora förmågan till rotation i kristallstrukturen och deformationstvillingarna bidrar till att den vertikala duktiliteten förblir hög även i testerna med en låg deformationshastighet. Testerna med en långsam draghastighet bidrar därför till en bättre förståelse av krypbeteendet i LPBF Nibaserade superlegeringar. Sammanfattningsvis så bidrar denna avhandling till bättre förståelse av de mekaniska egenskaperna hos LPBF HX i olika utföranden och förhållanden, inklusive geometriberoende, temperaturberoende, deformationshastighetsberoende samt inverkan av kristallografisk textur. Den genererade kunskapen kommer att vara till stor nytta vid fortsatta studier av olika mekaniska egenskaper som utmattning och kryp, samt bidrar till att möjliggöra en mer robust design for LPBF-tillämpningar.

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10

SABBAGH, ABDULGHANY OMAR. "DESIGN AND VISCOELASTOPLASTIC CHARACTERIZATION OF A LIME-DUNE SAND-ASPHALT MIX (REPLACING AGGREGATE, MATERIAL LAWS, CREEP COMPLIANCE, RUTTING)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183924.

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Viscoelastic and viscoelastoplastic characterization of pavement materials by means of simple testing and simple equipment is of great concern to pavement technologists. Another area of great concern is the replacement of premium aggregates by local materials after improving the engineering properties of the local materials. Such replacement is for the avoidance of the high costs of hauling the well-graded aggregates whose resources are also being depleted. These two research areas were combined in this study. A uniformly graded dune sand which is abundant in desert-like areas was upgraded with hydrated lime and stabilized with asphalt to improve its engineering properties. By variation of some of the mix design variables, a mix that complied with Marshall and Hveem stability criteria was produced. The effect of lime on the engineering properties of the mix was studied, and substantial improvements due to the addition of lime were observed. A mix that contained 10% Type S lime was found to have engineering properties that were comparable with those of conventional asphaltic concrete. Also, the effect of lime on the thermorheological, thermal, and elastic properties of bituminous mixes in general was studied. In addition to complying with the above-mentioned stability criteria, the lime-sand-asphalt mix was characterized by creep compliance, over wide ranges of time and temperature, so that the mix is available for thickness design by both the empirical and the theoretical methods of pavement design. New, simple equipment by which repeated as well as constant load creep tests can be easily performed was introduced and used to develop a viscoelastic-plastic constitutive law of the designed lime-sand-asphalt mix. Both the equipment and the testing are simple and gave repeatable measurements. Models for the elastic, plastic, viscoelastic and viscoplastic responses of the designed mix were derived from measurements taken by this equipment and by using computerized regression analysis techniques. Generalized models for the viscoelastic strain during the N-th loading and the N-th recovery period were developed. A FORTRAN computer program was written for computing the four strain components mentioned above separately, and for computing the total strain component for large numbers of load repetitions.

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Books on the topic "Materials – Creep – Testing"

1

Fotopolzuchestʹ. Moskva: "Nauka," Glav. red. fiziko-matematicheskoĭ lit-ry, 1991.

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2

Laufenberg, Theodore. Creep testing of structural composite panels: A literature review and proposed standards. [Madison, Wis.?: Forest Products Laboratory, 1987.

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Swindeman, R. W. Verification of allowable stresses in ASME section III subsection NH for grade 91 steel. New York, NY: ASME Standards Technology, LLC, 2009.

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4

J, Gooch D., How I. M, and UK High Temperature Mechanical Testing Committee., eds. Techniques for multiaxial creep testing. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1986.

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Abe, F. Creep Resistant Steels. CRC, 2008.

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A, Neĭmark L., Argonne National Laboratory, and U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research., eds. Results of mechanical tests and supplementary microstructural examinations of the TMI-2 lower head samples. Washington, D.C: Division of Systems Research, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1994.

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Elmansy, Nabih Mohamed. Deformation of bituminous highway pavement materials: Effect of mix composition and binder modification by theaddition of ethylene viny acetate on the deformation of bituminous highway pavement mixes... by abotatory dynamic creep testing. Bradford, 1986.

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J, Rossiter Walter, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), eds. Performance of tape-bonded seams of EPDM membranes: Effect of material and application factors on peel creep-rupture response. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1997.

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1944-, Green David W., and Forest Products Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Mechanical grading of 6-inch-diameter lodgepole pine logs for the Traveler's Rest and Rattlesnake Creek bridges. Madison, WI: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Materials – Creep – Testing"

1

John, Vernon. "Creep and Creep Testing." In Testing of Materials, 78–89. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21969-8_7.

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Hyde, T. H., W. Sun, and C. J. Hyde. "An Overview of Small Specimen Creep Testing." In Advanced Structured Materials, 201–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35167-9_19.

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Gould, David, and Malcolm S. Loveday. "A Reference Material for Creep Testing." In Harmonisation of Testing Practice for High Temperature Materials, 85–109. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2888-9_6.

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Szabó, Péter János. "Discontinuous Creep Behaviour of 15Mo3 Type Steel." In Materials Science, Testing and Informatics II, 261–66. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-957-1.261.

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Saxena, A., T. Hollstein, G. A. Webster, and T. Yokobori. "Intercomparison of Creep Crack Growth Data." In Harmonisation of Testing Practice for High Temperature Materials, 211–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2888-9_10.

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Wanhill, R. J. H., D. V. V. Satyanarayana, and N. Eswara Prasad. "Structural Alloy Testing: Part 2—Creep Deformation and Other High-Temperature Properties." In Aerospace Materials and Material Technologies, 185–207. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2143-5_10.

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Bozorg-Haddad, Amir, and Magued Iskander. "Compressive Creep of Reinforced Polymeric Piling." In Testing and Specification of Recycled Materials for Sustainable Geotechnical Construction, 545–61. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp49488t.

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Bozorg-Haddad, Amir, and Magued Iskander. "Compressive Creep of Reinforced Polymeric Piling." In Testing and Specification of Recycled Materials for Sustainable Geotechnical Construction, 545–61. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp154020120027.

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Sun, Wei Ming, Bing Bing Chen, Wei Ya Jin, and Zeng Liang Gao. "Stress Relaxation Testing For Analysis of 12Cr1MoVG Steel for Creep Strength Evaluation." In Key Engineering Materials, 408–11. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-456-1.408.

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Webster, G. A. "Determination of Multiaxial Stress Creep Deformation and Rupture Criteria." In Harmonisation of Testing Practice for High Temperature Materials, 289–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2888-9_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Materials – Creep – Testing"

1

Tahir, Fraaz, and Yongming Liu. "Development of creep-dominant creep-fatigue testing for Alloy 617." In 57th AIAA/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2016-0668.

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Molenaar, J. M. M. "Complex modulus and creep susceptibility of asphalt mixture." In Sixth International RILEM Symposium on Performance Testing and Evaluation of Bituminous Materials. RILEM Publications SARL, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/2912143772.064.

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Jones, Thomas, William Doggett, Clarence Stanfield, and Omar Valverde. "Accelerated Creep Testing of High Strength Aramid Webbing." In 53rd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference
20th AIAA/ASME/AHS Adaptive Structures Conference
14th AIAA. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2012-1771.

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Liu, Yu, and Zhanping You. "Determining Burger's Model Parameters of Asphalt Materials Using Creep-Recovery Testing Data." In Symposium on Pavement Mechanics and Materials at the Inaugural International Conference of the Engineering Mechanics Institute. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41008(334)3.

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Li, R., T. H. Hyde, W. Sun, and B. Dogan. "Modelling and Data Interpretation of Small Punch Creep Testing." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57204.

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The small punch testing (SPT) technique has been proposed for use in determining the creep properties of materials for which only a very small volume of material is available. A draft code of practice on SPT has been produced. However it is not, as yet, generally accepted that the data obtained from small punch tests can be directly related to those which would be obtained from conventional uniaxial creep tests. For this reason, the development of techniques suitable for the interpretation of SPT data has become very important. In this paper, a set of uniaxial creep test data has been characterised in such a way as to gain an improved understanding of the correlation between the data from small punch tests and corresponding uniaxial creep tests. Finite element (FE) analyses of small punch creep tests, using a damage mechanics based creep model, have been performed. The effect of large deformation on the determination of material properties for a creep damage model, has been investigated to take into account the large deformation nature of small punch tests. An equivalent stress, σeq, proposed by the draft code, was used to relate the SPT results to the corresponding uniaxial creep test results. A preliminary assessment of the use of small punch test results, in determining creep properties, has been presented, which includes comparisons of the failure life and equivalent minimum strain rate results obtained from SPTs with the corresponding uniaxial creep test data. Future work related to the interpretation of SPT is briefly addressed.

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Trtnik, Gregor, and Marijana Serdar. "COST Action TU1404—Recent Advances of WG1: Testing of Cement-Based Materials." In 10th International Conference on Mechanics and Physics of Creep, Shrinkage, and Durability of Concrete and Concrete Structures. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479346.116.

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Bruchhausen, Matthias, Tim Austin, Stefan Holmström, Eberhard Altstadt, Petr Dymacek, Spencer Jeffs, Robert Lancaster, Roberto Lacalle, Karel Matocha, and Jana Petzová. "European Standard on Small Punch Testing of Metallic Materials." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65396.

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Life extension of aging nuclear power plant components requires knowledge of the properties of the service-exposed materials. For instance, in long term service the tensile and creep properties might decline and the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) might shift towards higher temperatures. Monitoring of structural components in nuclear power plants receives much attention — in particular in the context of lifetime extension of current plants, where the amount of material available for destructive testing is limited. Much effort has therefore been invested in the development of miniature testing techniques that allow characterizing structural materials with small amounts of material. The small punch (SP) test is one of the most widely used of these techniques. It has been developed for nuclear applications but its use is spreading to other industries. Although the SP technique has been used for more than 30 years, there is currently no standard covering its most widely used applications. Within the auspices of ECISS TC 101 “Test methods for steel (other than chemical analysis)” WG 1 is currently developing an EN standard on the “Small Punch Test Method for Metallic Materials”. The standard will address small punch testing for the determination of tensile/fracture properties as well as small punch creep testing. This paper gives an overview of the state-of-the art of the SP tests and describes the scope of the standard under development.

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Buttlar, W. G. "Evaluating creep compliance of asphaltic paving mixtures using a hollow-cylinder tensile tester." In Sixth International RILEM Symposium on Performance Testing and Evaluation of Bituminous Materials. RILEM Publications SARL, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/2912143772.066.

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Dogan, B., U. Ceyhan, K. Nikbin, and D. Dean. "Standardisation of High Temperature Crack Growth Testing of Weldments." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93856.

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A European collaborative effort has been made to produce a Code of Practice (CoP), with participation from the European Structural Integrity Society (ESIS) TC11-Working Group on High Temperature Testing of Weldments (WG on HTTW) and EC project CRETE. The prepared CoP is based on the authors’ and project partners’ long years of experience in the subject field of high temperature testing, deformation studies and crack growth on various materials studied in internal, European and international projects. The code is being processed for ISO standardization by the International Institute of Welding (IIW), Select Committee Standardization (SC STAND). Guidelines are established for material and specimen selection. The document aims at giving advice on testing, measurements and analysis of creep crack initiation and growth data for a range of creep brittle to creep ductile materials. It may be used for material selection criteria and inspection requirements for damage tolerant applications. In quantitative terms, it can be used to assess the individual and combined effects of metallurgical, fabrication, operating temperature, and loading conditions on welded components for high temperature service. The present paper reports on the standardisation of high temperature crack initiation and crack growth testing in weldments. The material behaviour in service, including significance of creep and loading, substantiates the testing and data analyses procedure for design as well as fitness-for-purpose assessment.

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Laney, Scot J. "Evaluation of the Creep Strength of 9Cr-1Mo-V and 1Cr-1Mo-1/4V Castings and Weldments Using Accelerated Creep Testing." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-14615.

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Abstract Knowledge of creep properties is vital in determining the allowable stresses for rotating equipment design at high temperatures. Unfortunately, the traditional method to generate creep data requires several long term tests; in some cases, upwards of 100,000 hours are needed. These tests are often time and cost prohibitive to perform. Some data is available from sources such as the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, but these are limited to commonly available materials in set processing conditions. They speak very little to the properties for new materials, alternate processing of existing materials, and properties for weldments and heat affected zones (HAZ) that occur in the fabrication of large equipment. Due to this, several methods have been developed for accelerated creep testing. One such method is the Stress Relaxation Test (SRT) developed by Woodford. This high precision stress relaxation test can generate five decades of creep data in a single, one-day test. This paper discusses the use of the SRT method to evaluate two different materials and their weldments used in the manufacturing of steam turbine casings. The first material is cast 9Cr-1Mo-V (SA-217, Grade C12A). In this first case, material from two different foundries was tested at temperatures between 550°C and 700°C. Specimens consisting entirely of matching weld metal and those that that include the HAZ centered between weld metal and the base casting were also tested as a means to verify fabrication and casting upgrade procedures. In this case, the data generated for all three sample types very closely match those given in literature. In a nearly identical test program, testing was performed on cast 1Cr-1Mo-¼V steel (ASTM A356, Grade 9). In this second case, the base casting closely matched literature data, while the weldments did not. In one instance, through a significant reduction in properties of the weld metal specimen, the SRT method was able to detect that an under matching filler metal was used. In another instance, the HAZ specimen, from a weldment using matching filler metal, failed during the test. It was found that the welding procedure resulted in overheating the sample. These two case studies illustrate the ability of the SRT method to accurately predict creep properties and its sensitivity to detect variations in properties, which can make it useful for rapid verification of welding procedures for high temperature applications.

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