Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Matériau à changement de phase'
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Harle, Thibault. "Création et caractérisation d'un matériau de construction composite incorporant un nouveau matériau à changement de phase solide-solide." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CERG0874.
Full textIn a context of reduction of energy consumption in buildings, new buildings materials are developed. Thermal regulations require energy efficiency to buildings. They must be less impacting on the environment while ensuring occupant comfort.In this work is presented the development of a new composite building material incorporating a phase change material.PCM are able to exchange passively heat energy with their environment. It thus allow a passive control of the interior temperature of buildings.After a state of the art on PCM and plaster, a part is dedicated to synthesis and physicochemical characterisation of a new solid/solid PCM. In a third part the incorporation of the PCM previously synthesized in plaster is then developped. The composite material is mechanically and thermally characterized.In a last time environmental assessments of the PCM and the composite material are performed
Merlin, Kevin. "Caractérisation thermique d'un matériau à changement de phase dans une structure conductrice." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT4004/document.
Full textWaste heat recovery is a challenge for the improvement of energy efficiency. Latent heat storage is a solution that addresses this issue. We focus on industrial processes with high energy on power ratios. One of the identified processes is the sterilization of food products. However, phase change materials, which have low thermal conductivities, do not provide sufficient thermal powers for these applications. The improvement of the heat exchange surface or the increase in thermal conductivity of the material are then necessary. A first experimental thermal storage comparing various heat transfer intensification techniques was achieved. The concept based on paraffin and Expanded Natural Graphite (ENG) has proven to be the most efficient compared to solutions using fins or graphite powder. The thermal characterization of the selected composite material ENG/paraffin was performed by several methods. Effective thermal conductivities values of about 20 W.m-1.K-1 were obtained. In a second step, a 100kW/6kW.h demonstrator is designed and realized. This device tested on an existing sterilization process provides an energy saving of 15%, as expected. The identification of the planar thermal conductivity of the composite material and the influence of the thermal contact resistance are carried out using an experimental device, coupled to a numerical model. Finally, an aging device is used to study the thermal stability of this material
Chahine, Rebecca. "Ingénierie aux échelles nanométriques de matériaux chalcogénures à changement de phase pour les mémoires à changement de phase du futur." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALY058.
Full textIn terms of performance, cost and functional speed, phase-change memories are playing a key role in data storage technologies. Leveraging the properties of some chalcogenide materials, phase-change materials (PCMs) present unique features, mainly: fast and reversible switching between amorphous and crystalline states with significant optical and electrical contrasts between the both states. However, for an improved performance, the elevated power consumption due to the high programming current must be reduced, and the crystallization temperature also has to be increased. In this context, we have developed new multilayer systems of [GeTe/C]n and [Ge2Sb2Te5/C]n. The aim is to obtain, in a controlled and reproducible manner, a thin layer of nanostructured PCM with dimensions less than 10 nm. The multilayers were produced by the magnetron sputtering deposition technique in a 200 mm industrial equipment with a multi-cathode chamber. The multilayers are amorphous after deposition. Ion beam techniques permitted to check periodicity and composition of the multilayers. The sheet resistance and reflectivity as a function of temperature were measured in situ. The crystallization temperature of PCM in the multilayer structure increases and is dependent on the thickness of the PCM layer and that of the carbon films. The kinetics and magnitude of the amorphous-crystal transition of PCM in the multilayers are also significantly affected. The impact of the multilayer structure on the crystallization of GeTe versus Ge2Sb2Te5 is then compared and discussed with respect to their crystallization mechanism. We show that the initially amorphous multilayer structure is retained even after PCM crystallization during an annealing that is identical to the one used for the manufacture of memory devices (300 °C for 15 min). Thus, it is possible to obtain nanocrystalline grains of PCM in amorphous C on the order of 4 nm vertically and 20-30 nm in the layer plane. These results are compared with the microstructure of C-doped GeTe and Ge2Sb2Te5 films. Finally, by using X-ray diffraction measurements in the laboratory and by in situ experiments at the SOLEIL synchrotron, we were able to follow the evolution of the structure of these multilayers during annealing. For example, we reported that a local percolation effect of the GeTe grains between the layers of C occurs above a certain temperature
Le, Dû Mathieu. "Procédure de caractérisation thermophysique d’un matériau à changement de phase composite pour le stockage thermique." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2012. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1061/1/LE_D%C3%9B_Mathieu.pdf.
Full textAzzouz, Kamel. "Etude d'un système frigorifique domestique à haute inertie thermique avec matériau à changement de phase." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066007.
Full textLaouadi, Abdelaziz. "Transfert de chaleur dans un matériau à changement de phase : application au stockage cyclique d'énergie électrique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21855.pdf.
Full textJadal, Mariam. "Conception et caractérisation d'un échangeur-stockeur composé d'un matériau à changement de phase dopé en conductivité." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT4008.
Full textThe recovery of thermal waste is an important factor to improve the efficiency and economy of energy. Latent heat storage appears to be a promising solution of this problem and to synchronize the production and consumption of energy. We are interested in industrial applications with short thermal cycles. However, Phase Change Materials have low thermal conductivity. A concept based on paraffin and Expanded Natural Graphite (ENG) was manufactured and characterized. PCM has crystallization kinetics with two different transformations. The crystallization kinetics function of each transformation has been identified. The planar thermal conductivity, and the thermal contact resistance was identified in solid and liquid phases, using an experimental device coupled with a numerical model developing an inverse method. A phase change study of a plate and of an encapsulated aluminum cylinder was carried out using three energy conservation methods (enthalpy method, apparent specific heat, and crystallization kinetics), and experimentally validated. A 2D finite element simulation, associated with an analytical method was used for a tubular exchanger composed of a network of plate. Finally, an aging study of a single plate and encapsulated cylinders was carried out. The study confirms the thermal stability of the composite material
Manaa, Mongi. "Etude de la purification d'un matériau par fusion solidification''zone Melting''." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001349.
Full textChoquette, François. "Modélisation et analyse du comportement exergétique de la fusion d'une couche d'un matériau à changement de phase." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq21730.pdf.
Full textBeust, Clément. "Modélisation multi-échelles d’un système de stockage thermique de vapeur par Matériau à Changement de Phase (MCP)." Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU3029.
Full textIn an industrial process where steam is employed as a heat carrier, the integration of a steam storage solution allows to make the production of steam independent of its usage. Steam storage technologies can be used to decrease the energy consumption of the process, or to valorize waste heat from steam flows. Steam storage is also crucial for thermal solar power plants with direct steam generation. This work presents a model of a shell-and-tube steam storage system using Phase Change Material (PCM). These systems store the thermal energy of steam through the latent heat of the solid-liquid phase change transition of a material called PCM. The heat transfers in a storage module are often influenced by the natural convection flow of the liquid PCM during fusion and solidification. Predicting the thermal performances of a module can only be done by simulating this flow with a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical model with a fine mesh, whose computational times are too high for engineering needs. The goal of this work is to develop a model for the design and the performance prediction of a storage module, which takes into account the fine physical phenomena while having reasonable computational times. A multi-scale modelling approach is adopted: both a fine CFD model of the PCM and a system model of a storage module with a coarser mesh are employed.The CFD model is based on the enthalpy-porosity approach, which allows 3D simulation of solid-liquid phase change, and takes into account the movements of the liquid PCM. The sensitivity of the model to several parameters which characterize the phase change is studied, on two case studies where the natural convection flows has different amplitudes. The crossed influences of the parameters are identified. The comparison to experimental results allows to emit good practices for the use of the model. The values of the latent heat and of the temperature interval where the phase change takes place appear to be fundamental for both cases; this shows that the precision of the PCM characterization is very important for the numerical simulation of solid-liquid phase change. The mushy zone constant, which governs the damping of the liquid flow in the vicinity of the fusion or solidification front, has a different effect on the results and a different optimal value depending on the case study. Therefore, it is recommended to fit the value of this constant on experimental data, whenever such data are available.The system model represents the 1D liquid water / steam two-phase flow in the tubes of a module, and the heat transfers and the phase change in the PCM outside the tubes. The PCM is represented by a purely conductive model with an equivalent conductivity. A prototype storage module with segmented fins, installed at CEA Grenoble, is simulated with the CFD model; sodium nitrate is used as PCM (phase change temperature: 305°C). A 1D law for the heat transfer between the tube and the PCM is obtained from the CFD results; this law takes into account the convective heat transfer, and the heat transfer enhancement by the fins and the conductive inserts that are disposed in the PCM. An equivalent conductivity of the PCM in the system model is computed from the law. The modelling methodology is validated on charge tests from the prototype module (PCM fusion and steam condensation). The system model correctly reproduces the transient heat transfer rate to the PCM that the CFD predicts and the one measured experimentally, while allowing 10 to 90 times shorter computational times
Dequiedt, Jean Lin. "Caractérisation de l'état thermomécanique d'un matériau métallique après une phase de choc." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPXX0027.
Full textBayle, Raphaël. "Simulation des mécanismes de changement de phase dans des mémoires PCM avec la méthode multi-champ de phase." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAX035.
Full textPhase change memories (PCM) exploit the variation of resistance of a small volume of phase change material: the binary information is coded through the amorphous or crystalline phase of the material. The phase change is induced by an electrical current, which heats the material by the Joule effect. Because of its fast and congruent crystallization, theGe2Sb2Te5 alloy is widely used for PCM. Nevertheless, to get a better reliability at high temperatures, which is required e.g. for automotive applications, STMicroelectronics uses a Ge-rich GeSbTe alloy. In this alloy, chemical segregation and appearance of a new crystalline phase occur during crystallization. The distribution of phases and alloy components are critical for the proper functioning of the memory cell; thus, predictive simulations would be extremely useful. Phase field models are used for tracking interfaces between areas occupied by different phases. In this work, a multi-phase field model allowing simulating the distribution of phases and species in Ge-rich GeSbTe has been developed. The parameters of the model have been determined using available data on this alloy. Two types of simulations have been carried out, firstly to describe crystallization during annealing of initially amorphous deposited thin layer; secondly to follow the evolution of phase distribution during memory operation using temperature fields that are typical for those operations. Comparisons between simulations and experiments show that they both exhibit the same features
Pigot, Corentin. "Caractérisation électrique et modélisation compacte de mémoires à changement de phase." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0185.
Full textPhase-change memory (PCM) is arguably the most mature emerging nonvolatile memory, foreseen for the replacement of the mainstream NOR-Flash memory for the future embedded applications. To allow the design of new PCM-based products, SPICE simulations, thus compact models, are needed. Those models need to be fast, robust and accurate; nowadays, no published model is able to fill all these requirements.The goal of this thesis is to propose a new compact model of PCM, enabling PCM-based circuit design. The model that we have developed is entirely continuous, and is validated on a wide range of voltage, current, time and temperature. Built on physical insights of the device, a thermal runaway in the Poole-Frenkel mechanism is used to model the threshold switching of the amorphous phase. Besides, the introduction of a new variable representing the melted fraction, depending only on the internal temperature, along with a crystallization speed depending on the amorphous fraction, allow the accurate modeling of all the temporal dynamics of the phase transitions. Moreover, an optimized model card extraction flow is proposed following the model validation, relying on a sensibility analysis of the model card parameters and a simple set of electrical characterizations. It enables the adjustment of the model to any process variation, and thus ensures its accuracy for the design modeling at every step of the technology development
Soupart-Caron, Adèle. "Stockage de chaleur dans les matériaux à changement de phase." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAI078/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the understanding of the heat transfer mechanisms and with the development of thermal energy storage system for the industrial waste heat recovery application. The use of Phase Change Materials (PCM) is attractive for its high storage density and its possibility to deliver heat at constant temperature. However, the PCM low thermal conductivity leads to develop heat transfer improvement methods, such as heat exchangers with increased heat transfer surface. The goal is to characterize the behavior of such heat exchangers An experimental study, where four several heat exchangers have been tested with different orientations (horizontal/vertical) and injection types (upward/downward), highlighted the impact of natural convection during the melting process and the volume contraction one during the solidification. These results have been validated through a 3D numerical model. A performance comparison method based on an energy calculation through an experimental mesh is proposed and enables to select a heat exchanger on criteria such as the storage density, the characteristic time and the cost. Three PCM, adapted to our application, have been tested at the intended temperature (100-200 °C) by integrating them into a storage system made of a stainless steel tube with aluminum circular fins. Their ability to resist to repeated cycles has been assessed and their behavior has been compared. The salts mixture, H105 (Tmelting = 122 °C), is not selected for the application because of it low storage density (≈ 56 kWh/m3) and its large melting area. The sebacic acid (Tmelting = 132 °C) has a repeatable behavior with cycles and a higher storage density (≈ 66 kWh/m3) and is appropriate as storage material. The sugar alcohol, erythritol (Tmelting = 118 °C), has good thermo-physical properties (128 kWh/m3) but the crystallization control is a key point to use it as a PCM
Rakotondrandisa, Aina. "Modélisation et simulation numérique de matériaux à changement de phase." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR051/document.
Full textIn this thesis we develop a numerical simulation tool for computing two and three-dimensional liquid-solid phase-change systems involving natural convection. It consists of solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with Boussinesq approximation for thermal effects combined with an enthalpy-porosity method for the phase-change modeling, using a finite elements method with mesh adaptivity. A single-domain approach is applied by solving the same set of equations over the whole domain. A Carman-Kozeny-type penalty term is added to the momentum equation to bring to zero the velocity in the solid phase through an artificial mushy region. Model equations are discretized using Galerkin triangular finite elements. Piecewise quadratic (P2) finite-elements are used for the velocity and piecewise linear (P1) for the pressure. The coupled system of equations is integrated in time using a second-order Gear scheme. Non-linearities are treated implicitly and the resulting discrete equations are solved using a Newton algorithm. The numerical method is implemented with the finite elements software FreeFem++ (www.freefem.org), available for all existing operating systems. The programs are written and distributed as an easy-to-use open-source toolbox, allowing the user to code new numerical algorithms for similar problems with phase-change. We present several validations, by simulating classical benchmark cases of increasing difficulty: natural convection of air, melting of a phase-change material, a melting-solidification cycle, a basal melting of a phase-change material, and finally, a water freezing case
Berthou, Yannick. "Étude de parois de bâtiments passifs associant un Matériau à Changement de Phase (MCP) et une super isolation transparents." Paris, ENMP, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENMP0109.
Full textTo reduce the environmental impact of buildings, it is a priority to develop new strategies concerning the insulation and the exploitation of the renewable energies. Xithin this context appeared the odea to design, to implement an to study a new generation of semi-transparent solar wall associating a super-insulating layer (silica aerogel) and a layer of a material ermitting the absorption, the storage and the restituion of heat (Phase Change Material). This wall was experimentally characterized in controlled atmosphere and in situ on a full-size building. Its qualities in terms of heat insulation and contribution to the energy balance and daylight were revealed. A limit of use pCM-aerogel wall was noticed in summer and on a part of the inter seasons. The PCM aerogel wallwas developed and validated. This model, coupled withTRNSYS, a software for the dynamic simulation of thermal systems, allowed to study the behavior of the wall for four cliamtesand two types of building (a residential building : an "Incas" house of the ines at Chambéry, and a building in free evolution : the experimental test cell of the CEP at Sophia Antipolis. These studies confirmed the interest of he MCP-aerogel wall for the improvement of the energy performances of the building
Trinquet, François. "Elaboration et caractérisation thermophysique d'un matériau à changement de phase pour la distribution de froid par fluide frigoporteur diphasique." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077071.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the thermophysical characteristics of a Phase Change Material (P. C. M. ), for the cold distribution, by a two phase secondary refrigerant. The advantage of working with this type of fluid is to use, as a means of exchanging energy, not only heat sensitive refrigerant fluid, but also the energy stored or disposed of during the transition phase of P. C. M. (solid-liquid in our case). The P. C. M. Proposed in this study is composed of a phase change element - a paraffin from the family of n-alkanes - with a melting point 01 about 7°C and a matrix based on a copolymer triblock. The compromise that best meets the needs from the energy point of view and the solidity, led us to achieve an P. C. M. With paraffin 75% and 25% of copolymer triblock. This P. C. M. Thus formed and immersed in its fluid-carrying, water, can get for mass concentrations on the order of 30% in P. C. M. , gains in terms of energy density greater than 50% compared to only fluid bearer. The study also examines the quality of exchanges of such a fluid, which we call stabilised paraffin slurry the exchange ratio by convection of the grout can be higher than fluid bearer only after the fluid bearer considered. Additional studies were conducted to determine the melting time of such P. C. M. In an agitated tank in order to be developed to scale cold distribution networks using our stabilised paraffin slurry
Seck, Cheikh. "Analyse et modélisation du comportement thermique d'un système de préchauffage d'air neuf pour l'habitat, intégrant un matériau à changement de phase." Thesis, Artois, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ARTO0204.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to study an integrated energy system in the building envelope for fresh air preheating. The originality of the work is that the wall is equipped with phase-change material (MCP) packed into briquettes. The main role ofthe wall is to preheat the fresh air (coming from outside) by destocking the solar energy captured in sunny periods.Our study consists of two phases, an experimental phase and a numerical one. The experimental phase involves a series of tests that allow studying the thermal behaviour of the system under thermal stress. These tests were done in laboratory through a prototype of the wall which is instrumented and installed between two airconditioned cells.The purpose of the numerical phase is to develop a one-dimensional model to simulate the thermal behaviour of the wall and especially that of MCP. This model has been validated by comparing numerical results with those obtained experimentally. To model the phase changing we used the thermophysical parameters of the same material obtained by experimental characterization conducted in our laboratory.We used a variable capacity method whose principle is to vary the heat capacity as a function of temperature in order to simulate the phase changing of the wall. The last part of the numerical work is the exploitation of the model, the aim is to determine the optimal configuration of the wall that provides maximum energy savings. Dynamic simulation of the system was performed using the TRNSYS. This one is equipped with weather files which allow carrying out heat balances and the estimation of the system efficiency for various climates
El, Omari Kamal. "Etude de la convection autour d'un nodule sphérique contenant un matériau à changement de phase au cours de sa cristallisation." Pau, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PAUU3036.
Full textMoumni, Ziad. "Sur la modélisation du changement de phase solide : application aux matériaux à mémoire de forme et à l'endommagement fragile partiel." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529370.
Full textHariri, Ahmad. "Etude de commutateurs hyperfréquences bistables à base des matériaux à changement de phase (PCM)." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0013/document.
Full textThe work presented in this manuscript focuses on the design, simulation and realization of new microwave switches structures based on the integration of thin layers of innovative functional materials such as phase change materials (PCM) and phase transition materials. (PTM). The operating principle of these components is based on the change of resistivity present by these materials. We exploited the reversible resistivity change of GeTe of phase change materials family between the two states: amorphous with high resistivity and crystalline with low resistivity to realize a new structure of SPST switch. Then, we have integrated this switch structure on a new structure of DPDT (Double Port Double Throw) switch matrix based on phase change materials for application in satellite payload. We have used the insulatingmetal transition presented by the vanadium dioxide (VO2) of phase transition materials family to realize a new two terminals simple switch structure on a very wide frequency band (100 MHz–220 GHz)
Hyot, Bérangère. "Etude physique et théorique des matériaux à changement de phase pour disques optiques." Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0087.
Full textGarrier, Sylvain. "Conception et simulation d'un réservoir d'hydrure de magnésium avec récupération de la chaleur de réaction à l'aide d'un matériau à changement de phase." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00940452.
Full textGiraud, Vincent. "Etude des phénomènes électrothermiques liés à l'amorphisation et à la cristallisation d'un matériau à changement de phase pour application aux mémoires non volatiles." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10155.
Full textPC-RAM memories imply a phase-change chalcogenide material, Ge2Sb2Te5, that can reversibly switch between a resistive amorphous state (OFF) and a conductive crystalline state (ON). The objective of the thesis is to study the electrothermal phenomena that may be implicated during the amorphization and crystallization steps. We characterize the thermal and electrical differences between the two phases, by measuring their thermal conductivities (3 ω method), and by drawing the I(V) electrical characteristics. We study in details the mechanisms responsible for the OFF , > ON transition, for the one we point out the formation of an instable conductive amorphous filament. We show the results of the dynamical tests made on our micronic and submicronic cells. Finally, we analyse some models and numerical simulations, showing the experimental difficulty in avoiding the melting during the crystallization step
Aoukar, Manuela. "Dépôt de matériaux à changement de phase par PE-MOCVD à injection liquide pulsée pour des applications mémoires PCRAM." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT075/document.
Full textPhase change random access memories PCRAM are based on the fast and reversible switch between the high resistive amorphous state and the low resistive crystalline state of a phase change material (PCM). These memories are considered to be one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of non volatile memories thanks to their unique set of features such as fast programming speed, multi-level storage capability, good endurance and high scalability. However, high power consumption during the RESET operation (IRESET) is the main challenge that PCRAM has to face in order to explode the non volatile memory market. In this context, it has been demonstrated that by integrating the phase change material (PCM) in high aspect ratio lithographic structures, the heating efficiency is improved leading to a reduced reset current. In order to fill such confined structures with the phase change material, a highly conformal deposition process is required. Therefore, a pulsed liquid injection Plasma Enhanced-Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition process (PE-MOCVD) was developed in this work. First, amorphous and homogeneous GeTe films were deposited using the organometallic precursors TDMAGe and DIPTe as Ge and Te precursors. XPS measurements revealed a stoichiometric composition of GeTe but with high carbon contamination. Thus, one of the objectives of this work was to reduce the carbon contamination and to optimize the phase change properties of the deposited PCMs. The effect of deposition parameters such as plasma power, pressure and gas rate on the carbon contamination is then presented. By tuning and optimizing deposition parameters, GeTe films with carbon level as low at 2 at. % were obtained. Thereafter, homogeneous films of GeSbTe were deposited by injecting simultaneously the organometallic precursors TDMAGe, TDMASb and DiPTe in the plasma. A wide range of compositions was obtained by varying the injection and deposition operating parameters. Indeed, one of the main advantages of this process is the ability of varying films composition, which results in varying phase change characteristics of the deposited PCM. The impact of plasma parameters on the conformity of the process was also studied. It was shown that by adding a low frequency power component to the radio frequency power of the plasma, structures with high aspect ratio were successfully filled with the phase change material. Finally, electrical characterization of PCRAM test devices integrating phase change materials deposited by PE-MOCVD as active material have presented electrical properties similar to the ones obtained for materials deposited by conventional physical vapor deposition (PVD) process
Figus, Christophe. "Changement de phase en milieu poreux : application à l'étude d'un évaporateur capillaire." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT101H.
Full textIanniciello, Lucia. "Etude du comportement thermique d'une batterie électrochimique thermorégulée par matériaux à changement de phase pour le véhicule électrique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM020/document.
Full textLi-ion battery thermal management is essential for electric vehicles (EVs), to ensure an optimal autonomy and lifespan of those batteries. Usually, air or coolant circuits are employed as thermal management systems. However, those systems are expensive in terms of investment and operating costs and must be dimensioned on the maximal power to be extracted. The use of phase change materials (PCMs) as latent heat storage medium allowing the absorption of the heat to be dissipated as latent heat may represent an alternative cheaper and easier to operate. In fact, PCMs can passively store the excess heat produced by a device and be used as passive systems. However, PCMs have several drawbacks like the difficulty to discharge the stored thermal load which limits the system’s cyclability or their low thermal conductivity which limits their heat transfer capacity. To solve the problem of the PCM regeneration, an additional active system can be added, dimensioned on a moderate power; the whole becomes a semi-passive system. In this study, a thermal management system composed of a PCM and forced air convection is evaluated. This system permits to combine the respective advantages of the two techniques. A model of the system is developed for one battery cell. A comparison with forced air convection only points out the usefulness of the PCM. To overcome the PCM low thermal conductivity, a highly conductive material can be added to the PCM permitting to obtain a composite with a higher thermal conductivity. Composites based on the PCMs studied and carbon nanostructures are elaborated, and their thermal conductivity is measured. Then, an experimental system permitting to simulate the dissipation of a battery cell is build and used to evaluate the PCM alone, the PCM embedded in metal foam and the better obtained composite. Finally, to be closer to the real conditions, a model representing an entire battery stack is developed, simulations are produced and the obtained results are discussed
Dauvergne, Jean-Luc. "Réduction et inversion de modèles de conduction thermique avec changement de phase." Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13616.
Full textGhezzi, Giada Eléonora. "Etude de matériaux pour mémoires à changement de phase : effets de dopage, de réduction de taille et d'interface." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952979.
Full textMaréchal, William. "Utilisation de méthodes inverses pour la caractérisation de matériaux à changement de phase (MCP)." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3014/document.
Full textWith the development of intermittent sources of energy and the depletion of fossil fuels, the subject of energy storage is becoming an important topic. One of the studied options is tthe latent hermal storage using of phase change materials (PCM). One application for this type of energy storage is to improve the thermal insulation in buildings. To make the best use of these materials it is necessary to be able to predict their energy behavior. This requires a precise knowledge of their thermophysical properties, first of all of the specific enthalpy function of the material . Currently, it is often suggested to approximate the enthalpy by the direct integration of the thermograms obtained through calorimetry experiments (notion of "equivalent" calorific capacity). This approach is false because thermograms are only a time related representation of complex phenomena where thermal transfers arise in the cell of the calorimeter acting with the thermophysical properties. As a result, for example, the shape of thermograms depends on the heating rate and on the mass of the sample, which is not the case for the enthalpy of the PCM, which depends, at constant pressure, only on the temperature or on the concentration (for the solutions). We propose to compare the results given by a of a numerical direct model with experimental thermograms. The main objective in this thesis is then to use this direct model in an inverse method in order to identify the parameters of the equation of state, which enables us to calculate the specific enthalpy . First of all, the detail of an enthalpy model is presented, and then validated by comparison with experiments, allowing us to reconstruct the thermograms of pure substances or of salt solutions, of which the enthalpies are known. A study of the influence of the various parameters ( , , , .,..) on the shape of thermograms is also undertaken in order to deduce their sensibilities. A reduced model is then developed in order to reduce the calculating time of the direct model. This optimized model allows the use of inverse methods with acceptable durations. Several inverses algorithms are then presented: Levenberg-Marquardt, evolutionary and Simplex which has proved to be the fastest). We shall then apply this algorithm to identify, from calorimetric experiments, the enthalpy function of pure substances or of salt solutions. The results that we obtain show that it is possible to identify a function independent of the heating rate and of the mass, which validates the method. An analysis of the various sources of errors in the identification process and of their influences on the result allows us to estimate the quality of the enthalpy function that we identify
Trigui, Abdelwaheb. "Analyse du transfert de chaleur dans les matériaux composites à changement de phase (MCP)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1040.
Full textPas de résumé en anglais
Belot, Malik. "Stockage de la chaleur dans un lit de particules à changement de phase." Thesis, Perpignan, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PERP0065.
Full textThis work intends to characterize heat transfer in fluid-particle flows, specifically when phase change occurs inside the particles. The proposed model takes into account the external heat resistance (heat transfer at the particle-fluid interface) and the internal heat resistance (conduction inside and at the wall of the particle, natural convection in the liquid phase of the particle, phase change). External transfer with the surrounding fluid is described by correlations linking an external Nusselt number to Reynolds and Prandtl numbers related to the surrounding fluid. Internal conduction is calculated thanks to analytical solutions. The influence of natural convection was studied on an isolated sphere for different combinations of Rayleigh and Prandtl numbers. A correlation between an internal Nusselt number, and particle Rayleigh and Prandtl numbers was established using these simulations. This correlation allows calculating the transient evolution of the average temperature of the particle when natural convection occurs. Phase change is taken into account by a Phase Field model averaged over the particle and validated by comparison with experimental and numerical studies from the literature. Finally, the whole model and the effects of the different phenomena it describes are tested on a fixed bed of particles at mesoscopic scale using a Discrete Element Method–Computional Fluids Dynamics (DEM-CFD) model. Internal conduction and natural convection gives similar quantities of total energy stored for the same Biot number, however heat transfer distribution is modified. Phase change greatly reduces the volume of storage. Increasing the Biot number leads to a greater amount of energy stored. Finally, heat transfer greatly depends on porosity distribution
Leon, Valdes Jehison Rafael. "Antennes agiles reconfigurables optiquement dans le domaine millimétrique avec l’intégration de matériaux à changement de phase." Thesis, Limoges, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIMO0066.
Full textThis thesis address the design and realization of optically reconfigurable antenna systems in the millimeter wave domain integrating phase change materials (PCM). The principle of agility is based on the changes in resistivity of PCM, which have the property of changing from an insulating (amorphous) to a conductive (crystalline) state in a reversible, repetitive and non-volatile (bistable) manner by the application of a thermal, electrical or optical external stimuli. We have designed and studied several frequency and polarization reconfigurable antennas operating around 30 GHz integrating GeTe as an agile element. Thus, we propose alternative solutions to conventional switching technologies for reconfigurability functions
Sari-Bey, Sana. "Mise au point de nouveaux matériaux à changement de phase pour optimiser les transferts énergétiques." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1158.
Full textResearch in the field of innovative materials with improved energy efficiency have a major environmental issue. One way to save energy is storage. The use of phase change materials (PCM) is a solution for absorbing, storing and releasing large amounts of energy. This study focuses on the experimental study of the thermophysical properties and phase changes of polymer matrix composite materials containing microencapsulated PCM and the optimization of their thermophysical properties. Composite containing different mass fractions of paraffin microcapsules were first characterized. To improve heat transfer, paraffin microcapsules metallized with silver were then used. A new set of samples was elaborated. In the composite the selected polymer matrix is polycaprolactone (PCL), this polymer has a particularly low melting point (53°C), which allows to mix the microcapsules without damaging them. The polymer/microcapsules mixtures were prepared using a blender, they were then pressed to obtain plates of composites. The homogeneity of the samples was verified by scanning electron microscopy observations and density measurements. The phase change material used is a mixture of paraffins having a phase change temperature of 26°C, in microencapsulated highly crosslinked PMMA, and marketed by BASF under the trade name of Micronal®DS 5001 X. PCL has a melting temperature lower than the softening temperature of PMMA. One objective of this study was to obtain a material that remains solid even when the paraffin melts. Microencapsulation has avoided that the paraffin in the sample diffuses out during successive cycles, it also avoids convection when paraffin is liquid. On the other hand, another goal was to see if metallization of the particles allowed to improve the thermal properties by significantly increasing the thermal conductivity and diffusivity. DSC was used to determine the temperatures and enthalpies of the phase changes and the materials Cp between -20 and 40 ° C. An experimental technique, developed in the laboratory (DICO), can simultaneously measure the thermal conductivity (λ) and thermal diffusivity (a) at room temperature. A recent development of this system now allows to make measurements in ramp between -15°C and 180°C. The measures of the change in thermal conductivity and diffusivity as a function of temperature have been carried out by heating and cooling. Phase changes observed in DSC are found on the evolution of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity plotted as a function temperature. It also shows the impact on these properties of solid or liquid state of the paraffin contained in the microcapsules. Finally the evolution of the volumetric heat capacity was calculated from the results obtained with DICO (Cp=λ/a) and compared with the evolution of the specific heat capacity measured by DSC. Globally, heat transfer was improved for composites containing silver but their storage capacity is lower than for the composites containing only Micronal®
Arnault, Axel. "Simulation et optimisation de l'intégration de matériaux à changement de phase dans une zone thermique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28549/28549.pdf.
Full textMennai, Amine. "Conception et réalisation de commutateurs RF à base de matériaux à transition de phase (PTM) et à changement de phase (PCM)." Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0035/document.
Full textThis research work focuses on the design and realization of RF switches based on the integration of new materials such as vanadium dioxide (VO2), Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) and GeTe chalcogenides alloys. The operating principle of these devices is based on the resistivity change presented by these materials. VO2 exhibits a Metal-Insulator transition (MIT) around 68°C for which the material changes from an insulating state (high resistivity) to a metallic one (low resistivity). The MIT transition can be triggered in different ways (thermally, electrically and optically) with low switching time. GST and GeTe alloys have the particularity to be reversibly switched between a high resistive-amorphous state to low resistive-crystalline state, under a specific heat treatment. Thanks to the non-volatile resistivity change presented by these materials, GST/GeTe-based switches are able to operate in bistable mode. The fabricated devices exhibit good electrical performances (insertion loss and isolation) over a broadband. The aim of our work is to propose an alternative solution to conventional technologies (semiconductors and RF-MEMS), to design RF switches that can be used afterward in the design of reconfigurable devices (filters, antennas)
Navarro, Gabriele. "Analyse de la fiabilité de mémoires à changement de phase embarquées basées sur des matériaux innovants." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061792.
Full textKodjo, Jérôme. "Modélisation multi échelle du comportement thermomécanique des bétons incluant des matériaux à changement de phase micro encapsulés." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2010/document.
Full textA promising way to enhance thermal inertia of buildings is the use of phase change materials (PCMs). Thanks to their high latent heat, PCMs can be used to store a significant amount of thermal energy in order to reduce energy consumption related to air conditioning. However, their use leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the obtained composites. During the last decades, the incorporation of PCMs in concrete has been of great interest leading to many experimental works. However, theoretical and numerical models to predict the behavior of such complex materials are not developed so far, due to the complexity of the phase change behavior, the scale separation and issues associated to the damage which is mainly induced by microcracking at the scale of microstructural heterogeneities. The objective of this thesis is precisely to develop numerical modeling tools to predict the effective thermomechanical behavior of the material with aim of structural calculations. For this purpose, numerical tools based on microstructures at the scale of microencapsulated PCM are developed to simulate heat transfer, mechanical response, cracks propagation as well as leakage of liquid PCM through cracks. After studying the effects of phase changes in the PCM on the effective mechanical response of the composites, a multi-scale approach (FE² method) is proposed to carry out structural calculations taking into account phenomena at micro scale. Thermo-physical experimental characterizations are carried out to show the usefulness of PCMs in building materials and to make comparisons with the developed homogenization tools. Finally, we propose a study to understand and evaluate the effects of PCMs in the degradation of the mechanical properties of these new materials
Lassabatère, Thierry. "Couplages hydro-mécaniques en milieu poreux non saturé, avec changement de phase : Application au retrait de dessication." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523300.
Full textCamassel, Bruno. "Contribution à l'étude du changement de phase liquide-vapeur en milieu poreux." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30157.
Full textRouault, Fabien. "Système intégré de rafraîchissement d’air pour le bâtiment à base de matériaux à changement de phase." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENAM0009/document.
Full textAir-cooling systems using latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) are potential alternatives to air-conditioners for summer climate control in buildings. However, the performances of such systems are tightly linked to weather conditions and the configuration of the building to be cooled. The aim of this doctoral work is to develop a design support tool allowing optimally dimensioning an air-cooling system using phase change material at the preliminary design stage. A dynamic thermal model, simulating the behaviour an LHTES device exchanging with air, is developed and coupled with a building performance program. The LHTES and the co-simulation models are validated by comparison with experiments carried out on two prototypes of LHTES device and the experimental platform of zero energy building NAPEVOMO. Finally, a first design support tool using genetic algorithm is developed to define the optimal configuration of an air-cooling system for the summer comfort in « NAPEVOMO » house
Rigal, Sacha. "Stockage par matériaux à changement de phase de l’énergie thermique rejetée par l’industrie à basse température." Thesis, Pau, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU3003/document.
Full textA large amount of energy is rejected by the industry at low temperature level, below a temperature of 200 °C. In order to improve the overall energy efficiency of industrial processes, it is possible to re-use this waste heat. However, this energy recovery is often made difficult because of the time difference between the process step at which the energy is lost and the process step at which this energy could be reused. Combining high energy storage capabilities and a possible energy recovery at constant temperature, thermal storage solution by phase change materials (PCM) is particularly attractive. However, this storage systems implementation faces scientific and technologic obstacles concerning both the storage material and system but also its command system and its integration into industrial processes.This thesis aims to develop a thermal energy storage system using a solid-liquid PCM technology in two temperature ranges: 70-85 °C and 120-155 °C. The first one corresponds to temperatures of heating networks or domestic heating systems, while the second one could directly preheat existing industrial processes. The thesis aims to demonstrate the technical feasibility of the storage system. The purpose is divided into different tasks such as PCMs selection and characterization, PCM implementation in a storage system but also numerical simulation of the storage solution.PCM documented in the literature at those temperature ranges were characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) in order to determine thermo physical properties on laboratory grade samples. Stearic acid for the 70-85 °C temperature range and sebacic acid for the 120-155 °C temperature range were selected. Deeper differential scanning calorimetry analyses were carried out on those industrial grade materials including material ageing process analyses and their compliance with their respective encapsulation within an experimental test bench.Thermal storage experimental prototype was designed in order to meet the demands simulating the rejects and needs of industrial processes. The test bench is mainly composed of two storage systems : a cylindrical tank, a multitubular exchanger and a thermoregulator used to simulate industrial process functioning. The PCM, while in the multitubular exchanger, fills up the whole volume of the shell whereas the heat transfer fluid flows in tubes. The tank, for its part, contains polyolefin spherical capsules in which the PCM is contained. The tank is crossed by the heat transfer fluid conducting heat exchanges. Those spherical capsules called nodules cannot be exposed to temperatures exceeding 100 °C and are exclusively reserved for the low temperatures range. Thus, stearic acid was confined in nodules so as to fill the storage tank. The sebacic acid was incorporated in the multitubular exchanger shell. Experimental campaigns carried out have demonstrated the feasibility of those storage types
Pech, Thibault. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation d'emballages de produits de santé utilisant des matériaux à changement de phase." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI039/document.
Full textThermal packaging made from insulating materials and associated with phase change materials are a solution to the problem of preservation of temperature sensitive products throughout the distribution chain. However, optimizing configurations is challenging, given the number of parameters involved, and experimentally remains costly in time and resources. This is why a simplified numerical model was developed as part of this thesis. The thesis includes an experimental part on determining the permeability of packaging as well as observation of the temperature distribution within a packaging model, and a digital component. The experimental component made it possible to determine permeability coefficients of two types of packaging for different configurations, showing significant differences in the packaging considered. Air leaks are primarily due to the opening of the door, hence the importance of the type of seal used and the closure system. The body of the box, due to its manufacturing method, presents leaks, making impossible the possibility of a completely impermeable case. The observation of the temperatures within a package highlights some stratification of internal temperatures, which can be reduced by the presence of a sufficiently large volume of air to allow convection movements. A test with sunlight simulation allowed to observe the impact of the solar flux on the thermal behavior of the fund, while highlighting the effectiveness of phase change materials to absorb temperature changes. The developed model is based on a nodal method, associating with each node a wall thickness, which are solved for the associated heat balance equations. Treatment of the phase change is by a method called "equivalent heat capacity". The program was constructed to be able to simulate a large number of configuration by varying the arrangement of the elements and their nature. Simulating a number of these configurations enabled to determine the sensitivity of the system to various parameters. Thus it has been shown that the nature of the load (characterized by the values of conductivity, density and thermal capacity) is a parameter influencing the system, and therefore knowledge of the transported products is essential to the definition of an optimal configuration . Similarly, the nature of phase change materials, and in particular the melting temperature, has a significant importance on the system behavior. In contrast, the PCM introduction temperature has little influence as long as the material is fed in the proper phase corresponding to its application. The permeability of the packaging shows little impact on long-term results, but occasional startle temperature effects due to the rapid changes in external pressure can be observed locally
Mathis, Damien. "Développement de nouveaux matériaux de haute inertie thermique à base de bois et matériaux à changement de phase biosourcés." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33718.
Full textLes Matériaux à Changement de Phase (MCP), par stockage de chaleur latente, peuvent améliorer l’efficacité énergétique des bâtiments. En saison froide, ils peuvent emmagasiner de la chaleur durant le jour pour qu’elle soit relâchée durant la nuit, réduisant le besoin en chauffage. En saison chaude, ils peuvent permettre, moyennant une ventilation nocturne adaptée, de réduire la surchauffe des bâtiments. Afin d’optimiser le bénéfice énergétique, l’intégration de MCP doit être minutieusement réfléchie. Ce travail de thèse présente trois grands axes dédiés à l’étude de matériaux hybrides bois/MCP. Le premier axe traite de la mise en forme et de la caractérisation de panneaux décoratifs intérieurs de haute inertie thermique. Le second axe a pour objectif d’évaluer la performance de ces panneaux à l’aide de deux maisonnettes expérimentales instrumentées et placées sur le campus de l’Université LAVAL. Le troisième axe étudie l’imprégnation de la couche de surface d’une Lame de Plancher d’Ingénierie (LPI) avec des microcapsules de MCP. Dans le premier axe, des panneaux intérieurs décoratifs ont été mis en oeuvre. Ils sont constitués de MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard), HDF (High Density Fiberboard) et de différents MCP biosourcés. Les MCP ont été macroencapsulés dans des sachets de polyéthylène avant d’être placés dans les panneaux. Leur stockage de chaleur latente a été mesuré avec un débitmètre thermique selon la méthode Dynamic Heat Flux Meter Apparatus (DHFMA). Les panneaux stockent une chaleur latente maximale de 57.1 J/g, ce qui est comparable à des solutions existantes de panneaux embarquant des MCP. Leur comportement thermique a été comparé au comportement des MCP purs testés par DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) et des différences significatives ont été observées. Le comportement hygromécanique des panneaux a été évalué et s’est révélé être une question d’importance en vue d’une d’industrialisation. Dans le deuxième axe, deux maisonnettes expérimentales en ossature légère de bois ont été conçues puis placées sur le campus de l’Université LAVAL. Une maisonnette a été équipée de panneaux en bois standards tandis que l’autre contenait les panneaux bois/MCP. Grâce à l’instrumentation embarquée, la performance insitu des panneaux formulés dans le premier axe a pu être étudiée. Les résultats montrent, en saison de chauffe, une réduction de la consommation en chauffage pour la maisonnette équipée de MCP. Cette réduction atteint un maximum de 41 % pour le mois de mai. Pour le confort d’été, les panneaux permettent généralement d’améliorer le confort thermique, en réduisant la surchauffe. Leur efficacité a cependant été révélée limitée par la solidification limitée du MCP pendant la nuit. Malgré une ventilation importante, lors des nuits les plus chaudes, le matériau n’était pas en mesure de se solidifier. Dans le troisième axe, des couches de surface de Lames de Planchers d’Ingénierie (LPI) ont été imprégnés avec des microcapsules de MCP biosourcés. De l’eau distillée a été utilisée comme solvant. Deux essences de bois ont été choisies : le chêne rouge et l’érable à sucre. Le gain de masse thermique s’est révélé significatif pour le chêne rouge mais négligeable pour l’érable à sucre. Pour le chêne rouge, un bénéfice de masse thermique de 77% a été mesuré. Les microcapsules ont été observées dans le bois par microscopie réflective. Elles se sont révélées être principalement présentes, formant des amas, dans les larges vaisseaux du bois initial pour le chêne rouge. Des microcapsules étaient également présentes dans les vaisseaux de l’érable à sucre, en plus petite quantité. Des tests d’adhésion ont été menés sur des lames de planchers vernis et ces tests n’ont révélé aucune influence significative de l’imprégnation sur la tenue d’un vernis.
Phase Change Materials (PCMs) are able to store a high amount of latent heat, which can improve buildings energy efficiency. During the heating season, solar energy can be stored during the day to be released at night, reducing the heating needs. During summer, daily maximum peak temperature can be reduced. In order to maximize the energy benefits, PCMs have to be implemented carefully. This thesis presents three major axes of research about wood/PCMs hybrid materials. The first axis is about manufacturing and characterizing woodbased decorative panels of high thermal mass. The second axis aims to evaluate the performance of such panels with two instrumented wood-frame test huts placed on LAVAL University Campus. The third axis is about impregnating the lamella of Engineering Wood Flooring (EWF) with PCM microcapsules. For the first axis, interior wood-based decorative panels containing PCMs were manufactured. Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF), was used as the main component and High Density Fiberboard (HDF) was used for the inner side of the panel. Several bio-based PCMs were chosen to load the panels. A macroencapsulation of the PCMs was achieved using polyethylene bags. The latent heat storage of the panels was assessed with a thermal flow meter using a Dynamic Heat Flux Meter Apparatus (DHFMA) method. A maximum latent heat storage of 57.1 J/g has been measured, which is comparable to existing panels containing PCMs. Thermal behavior of pure PCMs has been assessed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and then compared to the panels behavior. Significant differences have been revealed. Hygromechanical behavior of the panels has been evaluated, compared to a reference, and has been revealed of importance in case of industrialization. For the second axis, two experimental timber-frame test-huts have been implemented and were placed on the LAVAL University campus. One hut was equipped with standard wood panels whereas the other one was equipped with wood-based panels containing PCMs such as manufactured in the first axis. The in-situ performance of the panels was assessed over several seasons. In winter, the panels induced a reduction of the heating consumption. This reduction reached a maximum of 41% in May. During summer, the panels are generally able to reduce the daily peak temperature. However, their performance was found limited by the solidification of the PCM, which was hard to achieve during hottest nights. For the third axis, lamellas of Engineered Wood Flooring (EWF) have been impregnated with bio-based PCM microcapsules, using water as a solvent. Two wood species were chosen: red oak and sugar. A significant thermal mass enhancement of 77% was measured for the red oak. Impregnation of sugar maple was found harder to achieve and thus its thermal mass enhancement was lower. Reflective microscopy allowed to observe the microcapsules filling red oak initial wood big vessels, forming aggregates. Some microcapsules were also observed in the sugar maple vessels but in lower quantity. Red oak was varnished with a 100 % UV solid wood coating and submitted to pull-off adhesion tests. These tests did not reveal any significant effect of an impregnation on the varnish adherence.
Ben, Abdallah Ronia. "Intégration des matériaux à changement de phase dans les meubles frigorifiques de vente pour améliorer leur effcicacité énergétique et leur flexiblité." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS021.
Full textIt is admitted that the integration of phase change material (PCM) in refrigeration systems has the potential to increase their flexibility, to stabilize product temperatures and in some cases to reduce their energy consumption. This study is about the impact of PCM used in a display cabinet. Two experimental set-ups are presented: the first one is an open display cabinet and the second one a closed display cabinet. A numerical model has been also developed and used to check the feasibility of PCM integration and evaluate its impact on the display cabinet. In addition, a parametric study have been carried out to highlight the importance of a display cabinet optimization after the insertion of PCM. Besides, PCM application in supermarket scenarios are discussed. The main results show the feasibility of PCM insertion, a significant increase of its thermal inertia, and the possibility to keep the compressor off during a few hours without temperature abuse for the products
Lissner, Michael. "Utilisation des matériaux à changement de phase pour une gestion thermique optimale des modules de refroidissement moteur." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066063.
Full textIntegration of heat accumulator within engine cooling systems allows to optimize powertrain thermal management and to reduce vehicles consumption and pollutant emissions. Interest of such accumulators lies in their capacity to store and release energy within phase change materials (PCM) with powers in accordance with the automotive needs. Scientific problem concerns heat transfer enhancement, for a limited volume, in a phase change material. The use of compact heat exchangers filled with PCM and the optimization of fin design allow to maximize heat transfer thanks to extended heat transfer area with PCM. On the other hand, energy storage capacity is optimized by increasing PCM volume ratio. The problem is approached by two ways: theoretically, by the development of a numerical model of optimization, and experimentally, by the development of a test bench and several prototypes. The numerical model of heat accumulator, validated with test results, was used to run a parametric study to optimize the conception of the heat accumulator, in particular the fin design. Finally, integration of this new component within the cooling system in order to improve the warm-up of the powertrain has shown significant gains on the functioning time of engine during cold start, leading to reduced pollutant emissions
Lassabatère, Thierry. "Couplages hydromécaniques en milieu poreux non saturé avec changement de phase. Application au retrait de dessiccation." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523300.
Full textAdjali, Mohamed Hicham. "Etude d'une méthode de détermination de la conductivité thermique de matériaux au cours d'un changement de phase." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0017.
Full textThe capabilities of the thermal probe for determining the thermal conductivity have been studied in phase change materials. A numerical modeling in ID cylindrical coordinates has been performed in order to predict thermal behaviour of the probe-material system. Lt takes into account the important variation of specific heat. An enthalpy formulation suppres the need of calculating the solid-liquid interface position. Faisability and limits of the method have been obtained from simulations. Lt needs evaluation of sensitivity coefficients for all parameters. Calculated and noised thermograms have allowed to develop a modified Gauss minimisation method wich removes instability and divergence caused by linear dependence of sensivity coefficients. An experimental set up has been carried out and water-agar gel conductivity has been determined
Verdier-Gorcias, David. "Stockage thermique de protection à chaleur latente intégré à un récepteur solaire à air pressurisé." Thesis, Perpignan, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PERP0003/document.
Full textThe thesis deals with the problem of thermal inertia and life time of the solar receiver of a Concentrated Solar Power tower plant. A specific attention is paid to the situation of HSGT (Hybridized Solar Gas Turbine) systems using pressurized air as HTF (Heat Transfer Fluid). The intermittence of solar radiation, mainly resulting from cloudy events, causes important temperature fluctuations that contribute to the premature aging. Therefore, a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) is developed for the protection of the receiver. The design focuses on the high temperature section of the receiver. As a consequence of the elevation of temperature in this stage, the expected temperature of the receiver ranges between 600°C and 800°C. Once the receiver is no longer irradiated, the temperature of the outlet air of the receiver, which is 750°C at designed point, decreases below 400°C in less than 15 minutes. The objective is to integrate the TES into the solar receiver to maintain this air temperature higher than 600°C after 15 minutes of discharge. A low capacity TES is targeted. Besides, the storage should enhance the lifetime of the receiver during the operation, by avoiding temperature drops. A test bench is designed based on a technology using both Phase Change Material (PCM) and metallic fins in order to enhance charge and discharge power of the storage unit. The selected metal is copper, because of its great thermal conductivity. The thermal storage medium must operate in the range 600°C – 800°C. The lithium carbonate has been selected mainly because of its phase change temperature, 723°C. A numerical model is developed in order to help the design of the test bench and compare experimental results. The conclusions lead to one-scale design of the thermal storage integrated to the solar receiver
Ekomy, Ango Blaise. "Contribution au stockage d'énergie thermique en bâtiment : déveveloppement d'un système actif à matériaux à changement de phase." Paris, ENSAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENAM0032.
Full textThe aim of our thesis work is to design size and manufacture an active system to phase change materials (PCM) for cooling and warming the house Napévomo located in Aquitaine, the latter participating in the Solar Decathlon competition (SDE2010). The approach proposed is intended to provide the reader with enough knowledge in thermal storage based on PCM to tockle the design of a cooling and heating system in passive building. The approach started by a state of the art of thermal storage systems based on PCM and determines the design requirements. These data leads us to developed a numerical model based on a static approach NUT-ε through the PCM characterization determine the main dimensioning elements of the system. The design is validated according to the energy loss of the system and it performance coefficient. The system has been manufactured in full size. It consists in four heat exchanger containing the PCM. Each heat exchanger is composed by exchanger a cluster of PCM. They are arranged in staggered rows on columns of tubes. A set of experimental devices has been made to observe the improvement of the heat exchange conductivity between the environment and the heat exchanger containing the PCM. The tests performed on one of the exchangers show encouraging results. Indeed, it enables to cool down in 7-8 hours and to regenerate the PCM during of 6 hours. At the Solar Decathlon (SDE2010), the developed system has proved to be efficient in cooling down the ambient air during the 6 days of the demonstration