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Academic literature on the topic 'Matériaux à coefficient de dilatation thermique négatif'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Matériaux à coefficient de dilatation thermique négatif"
Alabarse, Frederico. "Amorphisation sous pression dans des aluminophosphates à coefficient de dilatation thermique négatif." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20237/document.
Full textThe aim of this study is to investigate pressure-induced amorphisation (PIA) in negative thermal expansion (NTE) aluminophosphates. The aluminophosphates AlPO4-17 and AlPO4-54 are of particular importance, the first exhibits the highest known degree of negative thermal expansion for an oxide and the second exhibits the largest pores known for zeolites with a diameter of 12 Å. These materials exhibit unusual behavior upon compression due to the softening of a large number of low frequency modes leading to pressure-induced amorphisation. The pressure-induced amorphisation in the exceptional NTE material AlPO4-17 was studied by in situ X-ray powder diffraction. AlPO4-17 shows anomalous behavior under pressure with elastic instability and negative value of B0'. Anomalous compressibility behavior may be observed in other materials that exhibit strong NTE, indicating a link between these two physical properties due by low-energy lattice vibrations. The pressure-induced phase transition of the AlPO4-54 to AlPO4-8 and the consequent amorphisation of the final structure, was studied by X-ray diffraction in situ at high pressures. The freezing of nanoconfined water in the AlPO4-54•xH2O was studied by Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction and Raman spectroscopy experiments and were compared to Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics simulations. Results shows that, at the pore surface, the adsorbed layer of water molecules had a crystal-like orientational order, in contrast, a cylindrical core of glassy water in the pore center is present due to the frustration arising from the curvature. The effect of H2O on the (PIA) of AlPO4-54•xH2O was studied by in situ X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy under high pressures. Ex situ analysis were used to investigate the local structure of pressure-amorphized microporous AlPO4-54•xH2O by nuclear resonance magnetic and by X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the synchrotron Soleil (beamline LUCIA) which shows that, upon increasing the pressure, two water molecules enters in the coordination sphere of IVAl, changing the coordination from 4- to 6-fold, which destabilizes the structure
Pelletant, Aurelien. "Elaboration de matériaux composites céramiques à faible coefficient de dilatation thermique pour des applications spatiales." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAL0018.
Full textHigh resolution satellite imagery from space optical systems is mainly limited by the mirror size and the mass of structures supporting the mirror. Nowadays, the development of light athermal systems is the major challenge to improve these optical systems. So, light materials having good mechanical properties (E/ρ3 > 10, σf > 100 MPa) and thermal stability (< 2.0e-6/K) are required. Within this context, our project consists in processing new ceramic composites by combining positive thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) materials having good mechanical properties (alumina or ceria doped zirconia) and negative TEC materials (zirconium tungstate or β-eucryptite) The processing of zirconium tungstate-based materials showed several decomposition and chemical reactions with some oxide matrix leading to its giving up. In the case of β-eucryptite, vermicular phenomenon occurs during sintering leading to the formation of intragranular porosity. Sintering parameters optimization can limit this porosity. The study of the thermal behavior of pure β-eucryptite materials shows that the very negative TEC results from microcracking, generated by the TEC anisotropy of its crystal lattice. This microcracking depends on the grain size and the aggregate size in the case of powder materials. Despite the fact that the TEC of its lattice (called intrinsic TE C equals to -0.4e-6/K) is very low, its bulk (or extrinsic) TEC can reach values until -10.9e-6/K according to the processing conditions. In this work, two strategies for developing composites were studied. The first one consists in decreasing the matrix TEC using an uncracked β-eucryptite powder (-0.4e-6/K) while the second one consists in elaborating near zero TEC materials from a microcracked β-eucryptite powder (-3.0e-6/K). When ceria-doped zirconia is used, ceria content must be adjusted in order to limit zirconia phase transformation. This transformation is driven by tensile stresses induced by the β-eucryptite and modifies the composite thermal behavior linearity. In both studied cases, dense composites show a modification of the β-eucryptite intrinsic TEC from -0.4e-6/K to more than +3.2e-6/K as a consequence of compressive stresses applied by the oxide matrix. An uncompleted densification of composites is required to relax these stresses. Taking into account these observations, several very low TEC composites were elaborated. However, the uncompleted densification of composites and the β-eucryptite microcracking greatly decrease the mechanical properties of these materials
Chamroune, Nabil. "Matériaux composites Aluminium/Carbone : architecture spécifique et propriétés thermiques adaptatives." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0140/document.
Full textMany carbon/metal composites are currently used in several applications. One of them concerns their use as heat sinks in microelectronics. Concerning this application, two conditions are required: a high thermal conductivity (TC) in order to evacuate the heat generated by the electronic chip and a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) similar to the used material type of the electronic device (2-8×10-6 /K).Therefore, graphite flakes (GF; TC: 1000 W/m.K and CTE: -1×10-6 /K in the graphite plane) reinforced aluminum matrix (Al; TC: 217 W/m.K and CTE: 25×10-6 /K) composites were fabricated. These composite materials were fabricated by Powder Metallurgy (PM) and Flake Powder Metallurgy (FPM). This process, which consist to use a flattened metallic powder, helped to improve the in-plane orientation (perpendicular to the pressure direction) of GF under uniaxial pressure. Moreover, this process provided a better Al-C interface thanks to a planar contact between the matrix and the reinforcements. This resulted in an improvement of the CT from 400 W/m.K to 450 W/m.K for a reinforcement content of 50 vol.%. Nevertheless, regarding thermal dilation, CTEs of 21.8×10-6 /K and 21.7×10-6 /K were obtained by MP and FPM respectively, which is incompatible with the intended application.To overcome this problem, composite materials with multiple reinforcement were developed by solid-liquid phase sintering. Then, carbon fibers (CF) have been added to aluminum and graphite flakes. The addition of CF to GF reinforcement reduced significantly the CTE of the Al/(GF+CF) composites with a small proportion of CF, while preserving a high TC. In addition, the Al/(GF+FC) composite materials have significantly lower CTEs than the Al/CF composites with a equivalent vol.% of CF. Therefore, Al/(GF+CF) composite materials were developed by solid-liquid phase sintering to obtain a TC of 400 W/m.K (comparable to the TC of copper) and a CTE of 8×10-6 /K (comparable to the CTE of alumina). In addition, the lightweight of aluminum gives composite materials Al/C a low density (d = 2.4 g/cm3). Therefore, the composite materials developed in this study are promising as a lightweight heat sink in microelectronic industries
Cardinali, Vanessa. "Matériaux lasers dopés à l'ion ytterbium : Performances lasers en pompage par diodes lasers et étude des propriétés thermo-optiques à des températures cryogéniques." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00613185.
Full textShen, Zhengyan. "Elaboration, caractérisation et nouvelle architecture de matériaux composites Al/plaquettes de carbone pour des applications thermiques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0268.
Full textIn the microelectronic industry, the ever increase in power density due to miniaturization of electronic components requires heat sink materials with a high thermal conductivity (TC), a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and specific mechanical properties (MP). Pure metals, such as Al and Cu, have been previously used. However, they have limited TCs (e.g. 240 W/m.K for Al) and their CTEs are too high (e.g. 23 × 10-6/K for Al), being incompatible with those of electronic components (e.g. 4 × 10-6/K for Si), leading to failures in service due to thermal fatigue. Regarding this, metal matrix composites have been proven to be promising material where carbon materials, such as graphite, diamond, and carbon fibres, have been introduced as reinforcements because of their excellent thermal properties (i.e. very high TC and low CTE). In this Ph.D. project, Al matrix composites reinforced with low-cost and easily machinable graphite flakes (hereafter called Al/Gf composite) were developed with the aim to maximize TCs, tailor CTEs close to 6×10-6/K, as well as improve MPs.The intrinsic TCs of Gf are highly anisotropic, i.e. in-plane TC of 1000 W/m.K and out-of-plane TC of 5-10 W/m.K, respectively. It is thus clear that the strong orientation of Gf in the Al matrix ensures the high TCs, along the direction of graphite plane, in the as-produced composite. In this study, a new approach to combining flake powder metallurgy with a step-by-step powder filling process was successfully applied to achieve this conventional 1D arrangement. As such, the highest TC values theoretically predicted can be achieved experimentally. Further, the 2D and 3D arrangements of Gf were made using specifically designed punches in order to tailor the anisotropic CTEs of Gf (i.e. in-plane CTE of -1 × 10−6/K and out-of-plane CTE of 28 × 10−6/K), being unavailable in the 1D arrangement. The 2D arrangement allows to achieve the reduced CTEs being compatible with those of the substrate materials while maintaining a high TCs, demonstrating the strong potential for applications. Finally, the efforts were devoted to strengthen the Al matrix by integrating dispersed (ex-situ) SiC and (in-situ) TiB2 nanoparticles to improve the overall MPs of the Al/Gf composites
Mauvernay, Bruno. "Nanocomposites d'oxydes de fer en couches minces : tudes de leur élaboration et de leurs propriétés en vue de leur utilisation comme matériaux sensibles pour la détection thermique." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/740/.
Full textThe aim of this research work was to optimize electrical properties of iron oxide thin films prepared by RF-sputtering of a magnetite target for uncooled thermal detector. Influence of depositions parameters like argon pressure or sputtering target on both chemical and physical properties have been studied. For particular conditions, wustite phase (Fe1-xO) embedded into magnetite (Fe3O4) matrix have been revealed by magnetic coupling effects. Electrical properties of thin films composed by Fe3O4/Fe1-xO being potentially interesting for uncooled thermal detector, the next step of this work has been about preparation of nanocomposites thin films. These thin films obtained by two sputtering operating mode (bias sputtering and sputtering of a composite ceramic target) have been studied. This research work had showed that nanocomposites Fe1-xO/Fe3O4 thin films are good materials, with higher temperature coefficient than pure spinel phase thin films, to be used for thermometer layer of thermal detector
Pradere, Christophe. "Caractérisation thermique et thermomécanique de fibres de carbone et céramique à très haute température." Phd thesis, Bordeaux, ENSAM, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001547.
Full textSauveplane, Jean-Baptiste. "Caractérisation thermomécanique de films métalliques déposés en couche mince pour la simulation de la fiabilité de composants microélectroniques de puissance." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00158019.
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