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Academic literature on the topic 'Matériaux poreux – Stabilité'
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Journal articles on the topic "Matériaux poreux – Stabilité"
Bouhamou, N., N. Belas, H. Mesbah, R. Jauberthie, A. Ouali, and A. Mebrouki. "Influence des rapports eau/ciment et fines/ciment sur le comportement à l’état durci du béton autoplaçant à base de matériaux locaux algériens." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 7 (July 2009): 1195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-071.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Matériaux poreux – Stabilité"
Sahli, Ali. "Une analyse de la stabilité de l'ébullition en milieux poreux." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL584N.
Full textVandenbussche, Cédric. "Stabilité des strucutres en géotechnique : approche micro-macro et charges limites." Chambéry, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CHAMS042.
Full textThis thesis consists on a study of the influence of the porosity on the plastic behavior of porous soil materials and on the presence of angular points on the layout those criterions. The studied material, rigid perfectly plastic, present cylindrical or spherical cavities randomly. It will be called in the continuation "porous Coulomb", the matrix answering the criterion of Coulomb. We will adopt to study it the model suggested by Gurson, As had done it Gurson in its work of '77, we will use the two approach of limit analysis to deduce the criterion from it from plasticity of studied material. The equivalence between real and homogenized material is obtained by the method of the averages according to the technique of type Kerner, Hashin-Rosen or Hashin in elasticity. For each approaches, the resulting problem of optimization is nonlinear. Several methods are exposed. Traditional technique of linearization, Piece- Wiese Linearization, and that proposed recently by Ben-Tal and Nemirovski lead both to a problem of linear optimization. Recently still appeared codes of conical optimization of the second order such Mosek. A great part of this thesis thus consisted in putting the limiting analysis problems relating to material of Coulomb in the form of conical optimization, in plane strain, in generalized plane strain, and in symmetry of revolution. The applications consist in determining the criterion of plasticity of material of "porous Coulomb" in the case of cylindrical or spherical cavities. The results obtained are finally compared with various analytical criteria such as Drucker-Prager, Cam Clay and Jeong and Pan
Girard, Stéphanie. "Simulation numérique de matériaux microporeux : structure, stabilité, design et prédiction." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001VERS012V.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the possible contributions of some simulation techniques to the study of microporous materials. After a short introductory chapter, the second bibliographic chapter presents the evolution of the syntheses and structures of open-framework materials from the first zeolites to the very large pore compounds synthesized nowadays. It also briefly gives a few examples of their applications. The third bibliographic chapter presents some among the most important methods employed in simulation. The two main axes, which are described here, are the quantum mechanical methods on the one hand and the forcefield methods on the other hand. Some specific applications of these methods are also given. The fourth chapter presents the settings of a new method which aims at predicting the calcined form of a aluminophosphate, using energy minimizations and starting from the knowledge of its as-synthesized structure. After a bief description of the method itself, it is validated on three different compounds before being applied on other aluminophosphates. The fifth chapter presents the development of a forcefield devoted to the sutdy of fluorinated gallophosphates, by empirical fitting against the structure and properties of GaPO4-quartz and Ga-KTP. Besides, the transferability of the forcefield is tested through the optimization of gallosilicates and zeotype gallophosphates. The sixth chapter presents the study of the structures and energetics of a series of as-synthesized tridimensional gallophosphates upon calcination using the simulation approach and the forcefield presented in the last two chapters. Finally, in the last part, we use a numerical simulation method, the AASBU method, which was recently developed at the Institut Lavoisier, in order to predict new inorganic architectures. After a bief review of the so-far existing methods, the AASBU method is presented in details. Then we present our results concerning topological studies at first and subsequently the search of new zeolitic topologies
Haffner, Benjamin. "Stabilité des suspensions fortement aérées." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1095/document.
Full textWe study the drainage of granular suspensions foams. Our control parameters are the gas fraction, the bubble size, the particles size and the interstitial particle fraction. First, we measure the proportion of liquid and particles retained in the foam network as function of the above mentioned parameters. These measurements are performed when the drainage is over, they are essential for the description of drainage velocity. We show that certain combinations of our study parameters lead to the jamming of the three-phase system : gas, liquid, solid. Secondly, we highlight different regimes of drainage velocity, we show that is controlled by two parameters : (i) lambda, the ratio of the particle size and constriction size, (ii) the fraction of particles in the interstitial network : phi. The key to understand these regimes is the trapping of particles in the foam : (i) the jamming, which may occur for surprisingly low fractions due to the geometry of the pore network, (ii) the particles captured by the foam network when they become larger than the constrictions network. Finally, larger particles excluded from the network increase the drainage velocity, as a consequence the minimum for the velocity corresponds to the individual capture. The granular fraction of the suspension in the foam network is the other key parameter. Especially, the drainage can be stopped for sufficiently high fractions for certain values of lambda. This work offers promising outlook for the stability of three-phase materials
Naderi, Pooya. "Études numérique et analytique des instabilités dues à la convection mixte d'un fluide viscoélastique saturant une couche poreuse chauffée par le bas." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AMIE0063.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to study theoretically and numerically the instabilities likely to develop in a horizontally open porous mass, subjected simultaneously to a vertical temperature gradient and to a horizontal filtration flow. As it is an open environment, the linear stability theory must distinguish between the regime of parameters where the instability is of either convective or absolute nature. When the instability is convective, it can develop and amplify spatially, but ends up leaving the porous mass and the state of conduction is found. On the other hand, when the system is in a regime of absolute instability, the wave packet, generated following a spatially localized pulse, propagates both in the direction of flow and in the opposite direction. It follows a global instability whose characteristics should be defined according to the parameters of the problem. The latter are, in addition to the Rayleigh number, the Péclet number (Pe) which measures the intensity of the imposed flow, the relaxation time ( ) which measures the degree of elasticity of the fluid and the ratio Γ between the viscosity of the solvent and the total viscosity of the solution which integrates the presence of polymers. Two linear stability approaches, one temporal and the other spatio-temporal, made it possible to show rigorously that among the unstable modes, the most amplified mode corresponds to progressive waves propagating in the direction of flow. For this mode, we have determined and discussed the influence of the parameters Pe, ( ) and Γ on the birth of the two types of instabilities. The dependence of the oscillation frequency of this mode as well as its wave number with respect to the parameters of the problem has been determined in the region where the absolute instability is fully developed for both dilute and concentrated solutions in polymers. Then two-dimensional direct numerical simulations of this problem based on the finite difference method were conducted. The numerical results show that, although the system is unstable, the solution observed in the convectively unstable regime is that of conduction. On the other hand, when the system becomes absolutely unstable, a global mode is established, formed by convective structures fully developed and oscillating with a well-defined frequency, in the part of the porous mass close to the exit. These convective structures are connected by a front to the conduction state in the portion of the porous mass near the inlet. The comparison between the theory of absolute instability and the numerical results shows a very good capacity of this theory to predict the oscillation frequency of this global mode and the Rayleigh number necessary for its appearance. Scale laws are found for the intensity of these convective motions and the position of the observed front line between conduction and convection. Heat transfers were determined and discussed according to the parameters of the problem
Chahtour, Cyrine. "Convection magnétohydrodynamique dans un fluide non-newtonien saturant un milieu poreux." Thesis, Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0029/document.
Full textThe work of the thesis is devoted to an analytical and numerical study of thermal instability in a horizontal porous cavity saturated by a non-Newtonian fluid. An external magnetic field, uniform and constant is applied parallel to the gravity. In this study, we considered two types of boundary conditions at the active walls of the cavity, the thermal boundary conditions of Neumann type and Dirichlet type. In addition, a rheological model of the power law type was used to model the non-Newtonian behavior of the fluid. We solved the complete nonlinear equations using two numerical codes, one based on the finite difference method and the other on the finite volume method. In addition, an analytical solution, based on the parallel flow approximation, has been developed in the case of thin cavities (A >> 1) subjected to a constant heat flow. We used linear stability analysis to predict the onset of convective motion. The results obtained showed that the presence of the magnetic field modifies the results of previous work concerning Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids of the power law type. Moreover, we also show that in the limit of very strong magnetic field, the dissipation of energy by Joule effect dominates the dissipation of energy by shear stress and gives to the liquid an inviscid character
Cohen, Charles-Édouard. "Modélisation et simulation de la stimulation acide des puits carbonatés." Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000601/.
Full textMatrix acidizing of a well in a carbonated reservoir improves its productivity, especially when the well is damaged. This stimulation technique relies on an unstable process which creates, under specific conditions, empty channels called "wormholes". The objective of the operator is to use this instability to reconnect the well to the reservoir while minimizing the duration of the treatment and the volume of acid injected. The aim of the present thesis is to improve the understanding of the mechanisms of instability and to optimize the acid treatment. In the first part, we present a series of linear stability analysis of the dissolution front in a porous media. Results explain the role of dimensionless numbers in transitions between the different dissolution regimes and serve to predict these transitions. We also use simulations of core acidizing to study the wormhole density, the mechanism of wormhole competition and the effect of confinement induced by the core boundaries on dissolution patterns in 2D and 3D, in linear and radial geometries. Then, in the second part, we propose a large scale model to simulate full acid treatments, based on a dual porosity approach. An exemple of simulation of a full acid treatment illustrated the model. Finally, we link this acidizing simulator to a reservoir simulator and an inversion software in order to optimise the treatment parameters, as a function of the oil production
Michaux, Florentin. "Contribution des tensioactifs fluorés à la synthèse de matériaux mésoporeux : Application à la conception d'un bioréacteur." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10088/document.
Full textThis work deals with the study of the properties of several non-ionic fluorinated and hydrogenated surfactant based systems which are related to the synthesis of mesoporous silicate materials. One of the aims is to predict the structural and textural properties of the final material for a given application. Thus, we have proved that the cloud point curve, which is characteristic of non-ionic surfactant based systems, must be present at high temperature to obtain well-ordered materials. However, this condition is not the only one but also the ratio between the molar volumes of the hydrophilic part (VA) and the hydrophobic part (VB) of the surfactant should be taken into account. Thus, the study of several mixed systems has allowed to precise the values of VA/VB which correspond to hexagonal materials. A structural study of the fluorinated micelles have been also performed by scattering methods (neutrons and X-ray). We have shown that the presence of spherical micelles promotes the formation of ordered hexagonal materials. Moreover, the in situ observation of the hybrid mesophase formation has shed light on the cooperative templating mechanism which leads to mesostructured silica materials. The effect of the synthesis parameters onto the properties of the materials has also been studied, particularly using the factorial design method. The high hydrothermal stability of the materials prepared from fluorinated surfactant based systems has been demonstrated. Finally, the mesoporous materials prepared from fluorinated micelles have been used as a support for the immobilization of an enzyme. Furthermore, we have shown that a lipase, physically adsorbed onto these materials, can be used to catalyse an esterification reaction. This result offers an outlook for applying these mesoporous materials to bio-diesel synthesis
Zhang, Kun. "Mesostructured porous materials : Pore and surface engineering towards bio-inspired synthesis of heterogeneous copper catalysts." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSL0470.
Full textAdvanced control of the surface structure and chemistry in confined space has been developed here in mesostructured porous silicas of MCM-41 type to design novel metal supported catalysts combining confinement, hydrophobicity and site specificity using the inspiring model of metalloproteins. First, it is demonstrated that the surface of such a type of materials usually seen as smooth has indeed an alveolar structure generated by the imprint of the ammonium surfactant head groups used here as directing agent. Increasing hydrothermal temperatures is shown first to enlarge the pore size by mere surface smoothing followed by a decrease explained by wall thickening. In addition, conditions were found to generate hybrid materials with hierarchical micro- and mesoporority. Finally, both rough and smooth surfaces were found amenable for multifonctionnalization using molecular stencil patterning technique and compared for isolation of bidentate aminoethyleaminopropyl tethers by trimethylsilyl grafted hydrophobic groups. Then copper (II) can easily be retained by complexation to these bidentate tethers inside the nanochannels of the material
Corfdir, Alain. "Analyse de la stabilité d'ouvrages en gabions cellulaires par la théorie du calcul à la rupture." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523026.
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