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Academic literature on the topic 'Matériaux Supramoléculaires'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Matériaux Supramoléculaires"
Belaouaied, Karima. "Conception, synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux matériaux supramoléculaires." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4631.
Full textAl, Abbas Alexandre. "Des matériaux ioniques supramoléculaires : vers des applications en détection." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6028.
Full textThe convergence of supramolecular and ionic liquids fields could provide to a vast range of ionic liquid crystal materials. In the first part of this work, we have decorated the periphery of two imidazolium units linked by a flexible spacer. We have study the mesomorphic properties of those dimers by changing both the cation (terminal alkyl chain length, number of terminal alkyl chain and position of the imidazolium units) and its counter anion (cyanometallates and trisdipicolinate lanthanides). Thus, we obtain supramolecular mesomorphic materials with non-covalent cross-linking. In the second part of the work, we have developed solid scintillators based on oxazole unit combining properties of ionic liquids and oxazole (luminescence). This new solid scintillators exhibit interesting properties for discrimination between neutron and gamma rays. The detection of neutrons is possible by pulse shape discrimination method by comparing the shape of the pulse delivered by the scintillator. This method consists in identifying the nature of interacting particles in the material by comparing their fluorescence decays
Hologne, Maggy. "Structure et dynamique de matériaux supramoléculaires par Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13187.
Full textThis work is divided into two parts. The first part is dedicated to the dynamic study of a supramolecular system, p-tertbutylcalix[4]arene. Nitrobenzene-d5, by deuteron (2H) NMR. In this case, the guest (nitrobenzene) performs a 180ʿ jump (" p-flip "). This simple molecular motion is very sensitive to host-guest interactions and, thus, to the local intermolecular order. We used two techniques, the static-powder quadrupolar or Jeener echo pulse sequence, and magic-angle spinning (MAS) 2H NMR. While the presence of an inhomogeneous ditribution of correlation times cannot be excluded by extensive static-powder measurements, the MAS 2H NMR spectrum unambiguously shows that the p-flip motion of the nitrobenzene guest is characterized by a single correlation time. The second part of this work is devoted to the determination of internuclear distances. First, we studied theoretically two dipolar recoupling techniques, REDOR (Rotational-Echo DOuble Resonance) and CPMAS (Cross-polarization Magic-Angle Spinning). The magnitude of the dipolar coupling constant is directly deduced from the line-splitting between the divergences of the Pake-like patterns obtained by Fourier transformation of the oscillatory CPMAS transfer (g-encoding). Moreover, the results show that the dipolar couplings from the neighboring spins of a strongly coupled spin pair perturb less the CPMAS dynamics than the REDOR dephasing. This facilitates the measurement of the dominant dipolar coupling by CPMAS. After having been tested on a model compound, glycine enriched in 15N et 13C, REDOR experiments were applied to the supramolecular inclusion compound, p-tertbutylcalix[4]arene. Pyridine 25% enriched in 15N, to examine the 15N - 13C distances between the host and guest molecular components. REDOR curves calculated from the X-ray crystal structure fail to match those determined experimentally. Notably, the fact that the two closest approaches of the host tert-butyl C-H groups to the nitrogen atom of the pyridine guest are not observed by REDOR NMR questions previous interpretations of weak intermolecular interactions in this supramolecular system
Khodja, Walid. "Organisation de nano-matériaux inorganiques au sein de matrices supramoléculaires poreuses recyclables." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30016.
Full textThe interest for imbedding metallic nanoparticles in porous supramolecular networks has grown considerably in recent years. Indeed, these hybrid materials combine the properties related to porous supramolecular networks, such as a controlled porosity, large specific surface area, versatile chemical modulation; and those that are intrinsic to metal nanoparticles, such as catalytic or optical properties. As a result, these composite materials are explored in the fields of catalysis or detection. Porous supramolecular networks consist in three large families of distinct compounds, according to the interactions that they implement to maintain their structural integrity. We first distinguish the networks built by coordination bonds, called MOF (" Metal Organic Framework "). These porous networks have been widely studied for the incorporation of metal nanoparticles with various functionalities. The supramolecular networks obtained by covalent associations, named COF (" Covalent Organic Framework "), have been relatively little explored for the in situ growth of metallic nanoparticles. Finally, porous supramolecular architectures whose structural cohesion is ensured by weak interactions such as Hydrogen bonds, known by the acronym HOF (" Hydrogen-bonded Open Framework "), have, to the best of our knowledge, never been reported as a growth support for metallic nanoparticles. The aim of this thesis was to explore the possibility of using the porous supramolecular architectures based on hydrogen bonds as matrices for the controlled growth of noble metal nanoparticles. The first part of the thesis was devoted to the development of sub-micrometric crystals of a supramolecular porous architecture developed in the team and known under the pseudonym SPA-2 (" Supramoléculaire Porous Architecture "). Two reasons motivated our choice for this matrix: its porosity (estimated at 53%), as well as its channels decorated by pyridyl functions. The second part of this research led to the conception of the Au@SPA-2 hybrid material. The synthesis of this material proceeds by functionalizing the nanocrystals of SPA-2 with thiocyanates, followed by impregnation, then by a photo-reduction of the photosensitive gold molecular precursor (Me2SAuCl). The post-functionalization of the SPA-2 allows an effective impregnation in gold (5 to 10% of the total mass). The ultraviolet radiation exposure of the [Au-SCN]@SPA-2 material makes it possible to reduce the gold complex and then to generate nanoparticles. For our hybrid system, it is possible to control the size of gold nanoparticles (from 1 to 25 nm) by the duration of irradiation. This is the first synthesis of metallic nanoparticles in a porous supramolecular matrix based on the Hydrogen interactions ever reported. The third part of our research work focused on the synthesis of the Ag@SPA-2 hybrid material, with the same strategy that has been implemented for gold, namely the trapping of a photosensitive silver precursor (AgNO3), by an anion, here a chloride, located in the channels of SPA-2 network. Silver nanoparticles were obtained by photo-reduction, under UV light, of the material AgCl@SPA-2. The characterizations of this hybrid material revealed silver nanoparticles distributed uniformly within SPA-2 crystals. The matrix SPA-2 is recyclable. By simply dissolving the hybrid materials (Au@SPA-2 or Ag@SPA-2) in a slightly acidic aqueous solution, it was possible to isolate the metal nanoparticles from the molecular components of the SPA-2 porous network. From this solution, the initial SPA-2 matrix was regenerated by crystallization
Genest, Aymeric. "Application de la réaction aza-Michael à l'élaboration de matériaux silicones supramoléculaires." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0129.
Full textThis PhD thesis was focused on the incorporation of functional groups onto the siloxane polymer backbone such that supramolecular assemblies are formed, in order to prepare new supramolecular silicone materials. First, an in-depth review of the aza-Michael reaction applied to silicon-containing compounds was realized, highlighting the whole potential of this addition reaction. The aza-Michael reaction applied to organic amines was thoroughly analyzed in order to emphasize some open issues such as selectivity or retro-aza-Michael reaction. In order to understand and master the aza-Michael reaction, a model reaction involving a bis-(3-aminopropyl)-terminated PDMS and butylacrylate was then fully investigated. Operating parameters such as protic polar solvents, catalysts or temperature allow promoting the reaction rate. Kinetic data showed that the selectivity towards the main formation of mono- or di-adduct can be controlled by carefully selecting the solvent nature and content. The syntheses of 100% mono- and 100% di-adduct compounds was succesfully achieved. The aza-Michael reaction was then applied to a less reactive Michael acceptor, i.e. acrylic acid. This unsaturated organic acid reacts instantaneously with amines by acid-base reaction leading to the formation of ionic pairs. This acid-base equilibrium is then shifted in the forward direction allowing the synthesis of zwitterionic groups by aza-Michael. The aza-Michael reaction of this peculiar Michael acceptor was thoroughly investigated both with simple organic amines and aminosilicone oligomers and polymers in order to elucidate the structures and to evaluate the rheological properties. Finally, supramolecular silicone materials bearing zwitterionic-like groups were prepared leading to supramolecular materials with properties ranging from visco-elastic liquids to thermoplastic silicone elastomers
Moussawi, Mhamad aly. "Assemblages à base de polyoxométallates : des interactions fondamentales aux matériaux hybrides supramoléculaires." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV078/document.
Full textIn this work, we report in the first part the substitution of molybdenum by tungsten within Keplerate-type anions [{Mo6}12Mo30O312E60(AcO)30]42- (E = O or S). Introducing tungsten to the synthesis medium resulted in the isolation of a series of compounds, [{WxMo6- x}12Mo30O312E60(AcO)30]42, with variable metal content within their pentagonal units {M6}. An outstanding observation revealed the selective occupation of the central position in the pentagonal unit by the W atoms. This revelation was stretched to reach other historical structures as Mo-blue wheel [Mo154O462H14(H2O)70]14- and Krebs [Mo36O112(H2O)16]8- anions that also showed the same preferential occupation of W atoms for the heptacoordinated site. In the second part, we focus on the fabrication of a three-component hybrid material based on polyoxometalates (POMs), metallic clusters and -cyclodextrin ( -CD). Investigation of such material has been conducted using bottom-up approach by investigating the specific interactions between CD and both types ofinorganic units. Finally, the three componentsassociate together to give a well orderedpolymer-like hybrid chain that is derived ashydrogel and single crystals. In the last part, we extend the CD-POMinvestigation to reach giant POM structures asthe Mo-blue ring. A non-conventional complexation results from this interaction explained by the encapsulation of the organic macrocycle within the inorganic torus. Increasing the complexity of the system by introducing a third species provoked the formation of a hierarchical hybrid assembly
Maes, Florine. "Étude de l'auto-réparation d'élastomères supramoléculaires." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00660450.
Full textLe, ho Khanh hy. "Synthèse par « Click Chemistry » de matériaux hybrides et éudes de leurs assemblages supramoléculaires." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112285/document.
Full textAn Approach "bottum-up" via molecular self-assembly is considered as a promising way to control the manufacture of new materials and their integration into hybrid devices with novel properties. In this work, we have synthesized several hybrids based on organic molecules (fullerene, porphyrin, phthalocyanine), oligonucleotides or carbon nanotubes.At first, we were interested in the synthesis of a new family of products consisting of a unit C60 linked to two chromophores positioned face to face and allowing the formation of host-guest complexes. We have shown that these compounds are combined to give supramolecular structures in solution and on the surface. Electronic interactions and complexation between fullerene and the two chromophores (porphyrins and phthalocyanines) were studied by NMR and optical spectroscopy as well as cyclic voltammetry.Among the tools of the "bottom-up", DNA showed its tremendous potential for the production of bio-directed assembly. Indeed, the synthesis of hybrid materials based DNA allows precise control (theoretically on the scale of a base, ~ 3.4 Å) of the positioning of the functional groups in a material. In order to form networks and bi-dimensional DNA-based for positioning nano-objects, we have synthesized hybrid oligonucleotide-based and porphyrin molecule (2D) or adamantane molecule (3D). Supramolecular structures have been made and this work is ongoing to achieve functional networks.Finally, in a last part, we are interested in the functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with chromophores like porphyrins and phthalocyanines. While porphyrins exhibit almost exclusively an intense absorption in the blue (around 420-440 nm), phtalocyanines absorb mainly in the red spectral region. Taken together these two chromophores have interesting light harvesting, photophysical and redox properties; the two components will participate independently to increase the overall absorption in the visible range of the solar spectrum. This work opens the route to study the optoelectronic properties of hybrid nanotube and in particular their use for the conversion of light energy into electrical energy (photovoltaic application)
Baillet, Julie. "Gels supramoléculaires stimulables à base de Glyconucléobolaamphiphiles." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0399.
Full textStimuli responsive gels, also known as smart materials, have emerged as powerful platforms thanks to their unique property to sense their surroundings and to change their macroscopic behavior in time and space for a wide range of applications from biomedicine to environmental chemistry. In this context, this dissertation is devoted to the design and the study of physico-chemical properties of novel responsive systems by chemical modifications of low molecular weight gelators(GlycoNucleoBolaAmphiphiles or GNBAs) sensitive to specific triggers: light, enzymes and pH. First, light sensitive GNBAs featuring a photoresponsive stilbene unit have been synthetized using a stereoselective metathesis reaction. The trans isomers exhibited strong and thixotropic gels inwater/ethanol mixtures. Photo-isomerization under UV-light led to the formation of the bended cis derivatives resulting in the 3D network destruction. The reversibility of this phenomenon was however partly limited owing to the cis isomer thermodynamic stability and the formation of by-product. Next, hydrophilic GNBAs displaying lactose moieties sensitive to ß-galactosidase have been synthetized. According to their structure, different gelation kinetics observed after cleavage highlighted that gelation ability was impacted in complex media. Similarly, ester-linked fatty acids GNBAs sensitive to esterase have been designed to expand the scope of the enzyme responsive set of gelators. Finally, pH-sensitive GNBAs containing an orthoester moiety were synthesized. Subjected to different pH values found in vivo they showed around 50 % of cleavage and the slow formation of high viscous material. Previously described ester based GNBAs have also been investigated in acidic or basic pH
Fauvre, Lucile. "Élaboration d'élastomères silicones supramoléculaires auto-cicatrisants." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI119.
Full textThis PhD thesis focused on the investigation of supramolecular materials in order to generate new self-healing supramolecular silicone elastomers. Firstly, a literature review on silicone materials was realized and we identified the different ways developed in the silicone domain that imply supramolecular chemistry and in particular hydrogen-bonds. The influence of associating groups on rheological and mechanical properties of these materials was discussed, and the restrictions of such systems were highlighted. The chemistry developed by Dr. Leibler and co-workers, later adapted to silicones by Pr Zhang and his team, was deeply investigated during our comprehension study. Relationships between structure and properties were nonetheless not fully elucidated in these studies. Model reactions involving telechelic amino-PDMS and urea were then carried out. The thorough characterization of the final structure of the reaction products highlighted few correlations between structural parameters (choice of the type of associating group, molecular weight of copolymer, functionality) and properties (rheological and mechanical) that had not been demonstrated yet for these systems. We showed that, among others, the strength of the associating groups as well as the entanglements play a fundamental role. A different chemistry, inspired by Yilgör and co-workers’ studies on segmented copolymers, was later considered by carrying out an aza-Michael reaction. This synthesis differs from the previous one by its better control of the final macromolecular structure. A supramolecular silicone elastomer with self-healing abilities was obtained by combining a large functionality together with a high final molecular weight. Mechanical properties of this material were further enhanced through the addition of more or less reinforcing fillers. The influence of such reinforcement on self-healing capacity of this system was discussed