Academic literature on the topic 'Maternal lived experiences'
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Journal articles on the topic "Maternal lived experiences"
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Raley, R. Kelly, Michelle L. Frisco, and Elizabeth Wildsmith. "Maternal Cohabitation and Educational Success." Sociology of Education 78, no. 2 (2005): 144–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003804070507800203.
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Despite the dramatic increase in children's experiences in cohabiting families, little is known about how living in such families affects children's academic success. Extrapolating from two theoretical frameworks that have been commonly used to explain the association between parental divorce and educational outcomes, the authors constructed competing hypotheses about the effect of maternal cohabitation on educational expectations, achievement, and attainment. The analysis of data from the National Survey of Families and Households shows that children who lived with cohabiting mothers fared exceptionally poorly and sometimes were significantly worse off than were children who lived with divorced or remarried mothers. The authors conclude that studies that have ignored cohabitation have probably overestimated the negative effects of divorce on educational outcomes. High levels of family instability that are associated with cohabitation may be one reason why children whose mothers cohabit do less well than do children with other types of family experiences.
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Evans, Adam B., Jacquelyn Allen-Collinson, and Rachel Williams. "Risky bodies, risky spaces, maternal ‘instincts’: Swimming and motherhood." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 52, no. 8 (2016): 972–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690216633444.
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Swimming and aquatic activity are fields in which gendered, embodied identities are brought to the fore, and the co-presence of other bodies can have a significant impact upon lived experiences. To date, however, there has been little research on sport and physical cultures that investigates how meanings associated with space impact upon women’s embodied experiences of participating in swimming, specifically in the presence of their young children. Using semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations, this qualitative study employed a Foucauldian-feminist framework to explore self-perceptions and embodied experiences of aquatic activity amongst 20 women, who were swimming with children aged under four. Results highlight that through ‘felt’ maternal responsibilities, the co-presence of babies’ and children’s bodies shifted women’s intentionality away from the self towards their child. Mothers’ embodied experiences were grounded in perceptions of space-specific ‘maternal instincts’ and focused upon disciplining their children’s bodies in the lived-space of the swimming pool. Key findings cohere around mothers’ felt concerns about hygiene, water temperature and safety, and elements of intercorporeality and ‘somatic empathy’.
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Johnson, Nicole, and Janice Pascal. "Relational Distressed and Maternal Absence: Young Women's Lived Experience of Familial Breast Cancer." Illness, Crisis & Loss 26, no. 3 (2016): 200–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1054137316659419.
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Young women growing up within the context of familial breast cancer are faced with significant psychosocial challenges. The most profound of these are the temporary absence, and permanent loss, of their mothers. Eighteen young women (aged 18–34) from rural Victoria (Australia), with family histories of breast cancer, were interviewed for this study. The data were analyzed using hermeneutic Heideggerian phenomenology to explore their lived experiences. Our findings reveal the long term and pervasive consequences of relational distress associated with the temporary and permanent loss of mothers. This distress is experienced through disruptions to developmental attachment and embodied and biographical identity. We highlight how familial breast cancer extends beyond genetic inheritance to encompass the relational distress of loss and grief. We conclude by highlighting the importance of considering the ways in which temporality, self-identity, and daughters' ways of seeing themselves are significantly altered by their mothers' cancer experience.
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Brakman, Sarah-Vaughan, and Sally J. Scholz. "Adoption, ART, and a Re-Conception of the Maternal Body: Toward Embodied Maternity." Hypatia 21, no. 1 (2006): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2006.tb00964.x.
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We criticize a view of maternity that equates the natural with the genetic and biological and show how such a practice overdetermines the maternal body and the maternal experience for women who are mothers through adoption and ART (Assisted Reproductive Technologies). As an alternative, we propose a new framework designed to rethink maternal bodies through the lens of feminist embodiment. Feminist embodied maternity, as we call it, stresses the particularity of experience through subjective embodiment. A feminist embodied maternity emphasizes the physical relations of the subjective lived-body rather than the genetic or biological connections. Instead of universalizing claims about the maternal body, embodied maternity looks to communicable experiences and empathetic understanding.
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Hull, Kimmelin, Kristen S. Montgomery, Pamela Vireday, and Kathleen Kendall-Tackett. "Maternal Obesity From All Sides." Journal of Perinatal Education 20, no. 4 (2011): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.20.4.226.
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This column features excerpts from a recent series of articles from the Lamaze International research blog, Science & Sensibility. The eight-part series examined the issue of maternal obesity from various perspectives, incorporating writings from Kimmelin Hull, a physician assistant, a Lamaze Certified Childbirth Educator, and the community manager of Science & Sensibility; Kristen Montgomery, a nursing professor at the University of North Carolina‐Charlotte; Pamela Vireday, a childbirth educator and blogger; and Kathleen Kendall-Tackett, a health psychologist, lactation consultant, and writer/speaker. The authors of the blog series, titled “Maternal Obesity from All Sides,” reviewed current research about risks associated with maternal obesity as well as the humanistic issues and lived experiences of pregnant women of size.
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Clifford, Gayle, Gill Craig, and Christine McCourt. "Mothering at a distance and disclosure of maternal HIV to children in Kingston, Jamaica." Population Horizons 15, no. 2 (2018): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pophzn-2018-0004.
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Abstract Existing guidelines (WHO, 2011) advise caretakers and professionals to disclose children’s and their caretakers’ HIV status to children, despite a lack of evidence concerning the potential implications in resource-constrained settings. Our research uses feminist Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to explore the experiences of HIV positive mothers in Kingston, Jamaica, focusing on their lived experiences of talking to their children about maternal HIV. This paper will focus on the concept of mothering at a distance and how this presents additional challenges for HIV positive mothers who are trying to establish emotional closeness in relation to talking to their children about their HIV. Using Hochschild’s concept of emotion work and examples from the interviews, we highlight the difficult contexts informing women’s decisions when negotiating discussions about their HIV. Women may choose full, partial or differential disclosure or children may be told their mother’s HIV status by others. Disclosure policy, we argue, reflects Anglo-Northern constructions of the family and parenting which may not adequately reflect the experiences of poor urban mothers in low and middle income countries. We argue that policy needs to recognise culturally-specific family formations, which, in Jamaica includes absent fathers, mothering at a distance and mothering non-biological children. This article reflects on the experiences of an under-researched group, poor urban Jamaican women practising mothering at a distance, using a novel methodological approach (IPA) to bring into relief unique insights into their lived experiences and will contribute to the global policy and research literature on HIV disclosure.
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Larner, Lisa, and Claire Hooks. "Against the grain: midwives' experiences of facilitating home birth outside of guidelines." British Journal of Midwifery 28, no. 6 (2020): 370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2020.28.6.370.
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Background Midwifery standards promote autonomous decision-making and informed choice, resulting in maternal home birth choices which may contravene guidelines. There is a paucity of evidence exploring midwives' experiences of managing these choices. Aims To explore the lived experiences of midwives facilitating home birth outside of guidelines. Methods A qualitative design using an interpretive hermeneutic cycle to analyse semi-structured interviews. Findings Participants reported confidence in supporting maternal choices, identifying barriers including other birth supporters. Perceived levels of risk, previous experience and safety concerns impacted on confidence. Peer, unit and professional midwifery advocate (PMA) support were identified as being beneficial to midwives. Recommendations Expansion of birth choices clinics; implementation of dedicated home birth teams; guideline review for midwife led birthing units; expansion of the PMA role; implementation of a structured debriefing service and further research looking at women's choices, and the impact of the loss of midwifery supervision.
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You, Sun Young, and Ah Rim Kim. "South Korean nurses’ lived experiences supporting maternal postpartum bonding in the neonatal intensive care unit." International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being 15, no. 1 (2020): 1831221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2020.1831221.
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Corrado, Ann Marie. "The detrimental effects of obstetric evacuation on Aboriginal women’s health." University of Western Ontario Medical Journal 86, no. 2 (2017): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/uwomj.v86i2.2000.
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In Western society, many colonial practices, such as the removal of Aboriginal women from their communities prior to birth, still detrimentally affects Aboriginal peoples’ lives. Health Canada’s evacuation policy for pregnant Aboriginal women living in rural and remote areas involves nurses, who are employed by the federal government, coordinating the transfer of all pregnant women to urban cities at 36-38 weeks gestational age to await the birth of their baby.1 The policy states that it is founded on concerns for the wellbeing of Aboriginal women, in an attempt to “curb First Nations’ child and maternal mortality rates”.1 However, there is a need to problematize the practice of obstetric evacuation given its colonial roots and its impact on Aboriginal women. The objective of this review paper is to explore and bring awareness to some of the consequences of Canada’s evacuation policy for pregnant Aboriginal women who live in rural and remote regions. Morespecifically, this paper, drawing on ethnographic research previously conducted with Canadian Aboriginal women on their lived experiences of prenatal care and birth, will examine the lack of social support, loss of control, and lack of culturally competent care that Aboriginal women face. The findings demonstrate an urgent need for policy makers to also consider the lived experience of Aboriginal women when making decisions that impact their health.
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BARTLETT, VIRGINIA L., and MARK J. BLITON. "Retrieving the Moral in the Ethics of Maternal-Fetal Surgery." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 29, no. 3 (2020): 480–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180120000225.
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Open-uterine surgery to repair spina bifida, or ‘fetal surgery of open neural tube defects,’ has generated questions throughout its history—and continues to do so in a variety of contexts. As clinical ethics consultants who worked (Mark J. Bliton) and trained (Virginia L. Bartlett) at Vanderbilt University—where the first successful cases of open-uterine repair of spina bifida were carried out—we lived with these questions for nearly two decades. We worked with clinicians as they were developing and offering the procedure, with researchers in refining and studying the procedure, and with pregnant women and their partners as they considered whether to undergo the procedure. From this experience in the early studies at Vanderbilt, we learned that pregnant women and their partners approach the clinical uncertainty of such a risky procedure with a curious and unique combination of practicality, self-reflection, fear, and overwhelming hope. These early experiences were a major contributing factor to the inclusion of an ethics-focused interview in the informed consent process for the Management of Myelomeningocele Study (MOMS) trial study design.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Maternal lived experiences"
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Spencer, Melinda. "Lived experiences of becoming and being a young maternal grandmother : an interpretative phenomenological analysis." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2016. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/9722/.
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In the last 40 years there has been a surge of academic research into grandparenthood as a result of increased longevity and changing family structures. However, limited research has been identified that explores the experiences of young grandparenthood in England, despite academic researchers’ assertions of deviant young grandparenthood made in the 1980s. Maternal grandmothers have been reported to be the most involved grandparent in the lives of their grandchildren. Further, there is likelihood that the transition to young maternal grandmotherhood is a consequence of young motherhood (of mother and/or daughter). Young motherhood literatures report that mothers of young mothers (maternal grandmothers) can be a primary source of support for their daughters, yet this body of research rarely focuses on the maternal grandmother. With the current cultural norm of grandparenting childcare in the UK and the UK Government’s objectives of increasing women in work, improving maternal health, child health and economic self-sufficiency for young mothers, it is important to understand how young maternal grandmothers are, or are not, contributing to Government targets whilst balancing their own working and family lives. This study makes initial steps in addressing these neglected areas of research by exploring the lived experiences of 10 young maternal grandmothers (aged 35 to 42 years at first transition) living in England. Data was collected using face-to-face semi-structured interviews, prompt objects and photo elicitation in order to answer the research question, ‘what are the lived experiences of young maternal grandmotherhood?’ Guided by British sociologists’ conceptualisations of family life and relationships and the use of Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), data were analysed at an idiographic level before moving on to explore convergences and divergences across person cases, resulting in the emergence of shared patterns of meaning and experience. Analysis of the transitional stage to grandmotherhood identified two essential experiences: Experiencing acceptance (or lack of acceptance) of her daughter’s pregnancy and experiencing acceptance (or lack of acceptance) of her grandmotherhood. Analysis of being a young maternal grandmother identified three essential experiences: Experiencing grandmothering through time, distance, places, spaces and inanimate objects; experiencing grandmotherhood in the social world (the influence of others and on others); owning and romancing the grandchild, experiences of connectedness and disconnectedness. The study concludes with a discussion of the current findings in relation to existing literatures and new understandings. Consideration is applied to the research design and the perceived strengths and limitations. The wider implications of this research are presented with specific focus on the potential to develop a conceptual framework for use in intervention measures for mothers (young maternal grandmothers) and/or daughters (young mothers) and recommendations for possible future directions in this research area.
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Merrill, Susan Cook. "Lived experiences of older mothers of adults with intellectual disabilities." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2010. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/13.
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November 2010.
"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Occupational Therapy Department, College of Allied Health and Nursing, Nova Southeastern University."
This study explored the lived experiences of older mothers who continue to be the primary care providers for their adult children who have intellectual disabilities. This research study used the Person-Occupation-Environment model (Law et al., 1996) from occupational therapy and occupational science as the orienting framework. The broad question this study sought to answer was: What are the lived experiences of perpetual mothers who live with their adult child with intellectual disabilities? Other related questions were: How have mothers created and adapted daily routines and occupations for themselves and their children? What meaning and purpose evolves for perpetual mothers from their lifelong caregiver role? How do they describe this sense of meaning and purpose? The grounding of this study within occupational therapy and occupational science combined with the research questions led to implementation of a phenomenological research approach for this research. Specifically, the structure inherent in Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, Larkin, & Flowers, 2009) was adopted as the guide to methodology. Participants were identified using purposive and snowball sampling and were interviewed using Seidman's (2006) three-interview structure. The five women who participated in this study ranged from 68 to 83 years old. The themes that emerged represent structures that articulate the core of their lived experiences as primary caregiving mothers of adults who have intellectual disabilities. The essential structures or themes of these women's lived experiences are mothers' actions to structure daily life for their sons, mothers' routines--engaged lives, mothers' expertise, and mothers' reflections on mothering a son with intellectual disabilities. The results of this study contribute a focus on maternal experiences to the body of literature about, and practice with, adults who have intellectual disabilities and their families. In addition, this study contributes to the body of literature about mothering occupations found in occupational therapy and occupational science. This dissertation discussed implications for occupational therapy practice and research.
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Dunn, Emily Anne. "More than Feeding: Lived Experiences of Low-Income Women Receiving Lactation Support." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4472.
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Increasing breastfeeding duration, especially among low-income women, has become a national public health priority. These mothers and their babies have less equitable access to support, resources, and the health benefits of breastfeeding. This thesis examines breastfeeding from a biocultural perspective with a focus on political economy, embodiment, and human rights. This research explores the lived experiences of new mothers who receive services from a community non-profit lactation support program which is aimed at providing in-home postpartum breastfeeding support to low-income/at-risk mothers. Evaluation of program services and analysis of women's narratives will provide insight into improvement of lactation services for all women.
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Brankin, Leslie. "A Phenomenological Analysis| Exploring the Lived Experiences of the Adult Daughter's Perception of Maternal Mental Illness and the Trans-Generational Impact on Parenting." Thesis, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3645886.
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<p> This dissertation is a phenomenological analysis of the lived experiences of adult daughters who perceive their mothers to have struggled with a mental illness throughout their childhood, adolescence, or even into adulthood. An extensive review of the literature showed a noticeable dearth in the existing literature regarding the lived experiences of adult daughters who experienced maternal mental illness first-hand. Qualitative face-to-face interviews were conducted with eight female participants in an effort to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of their retrospective account of living with a mother who is mentally ill. Of particular interest was creating a space for the women to re-tell their stories and to identify ways in which their own relationship with their mothers has had a trans-generational effect on the relationship and parenting styles with their own children. Several thematic patterns were obtained from the interviews including parentification (mothering the mother), minimization of the mother's mental illness, and feelings of anger, sadness, embarrassment that came up as the daughters dealt with the impact of maternal psychopathology. The stories told by these women will hopefully contribute to the existing literature on attachment, maternal mental illness, and the subsequent impact on parenting practices.</p>
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Jarvie, Rachel Juliet. "Discourses pertaining to, and lived experiences of, 'Maternal Obesity' (Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30) and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus/Type Two Diabetes Mellitus in the pregnancy and post-birth period." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3006.
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This thesis reports on a qualitative exploration of the experiences of 30 women designated as ‘high risk’ due to the co-existence of ‘maternal obesity’ (BMI ≥ 30) and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)/Type Two Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in pregnancy. This is examined in the context of medico-scientific/public health/ popular media discourses pertaining to ‘maternal obesity’/GDM/T2DM in pregnancy. ‘Maternal obesity’/GDM/T2DM in pregnancy are increasingly prevalent and clinically associated in manifold ways. Increasing prevalence is linked to the ‘global epidemic’ of ‘obesity’/diabetes: now commonly referred to as ‘diabesity’. Current biomedical knowledge asserts ‘maternal obesity’ and diabetes (‘maternal diabesity’) synergise in causing adverse pregnancy outcomes, have long term health implications for the offspring and contribute to an ‘intergenerational cycle’ of ‘obesity’/diabetes. This is the first qualitative study to consider pregnancy/post-birth experiences of women with co-existing ‘maternal obesity’ and GDM/T2DM in pregnancy from a sociological perspective. Participants undertook a series of auto/biographical narrative interviews. Longitudinal engagement provided nuanced psycho-social insight into women’s perceptions/experiences and the socio-cultural context of their lives. Analysis of pertinent ‘pregnancy’ Internet fora postings augmented interview data and was utilised for comparative/corroborative purposes. Participants were predominantly of low socio-economic status, congruent with epidemiological data. The concept of pregnancy ‘planning’ was not resonant and few women accessed/felt predisposed to access preconception care. Women did not identify as ‘obese’, and knowledge/perception of risks associated with the medical ‘conditions’ was low. Women perceived themselves to be stigmatised due to their weight in society and specifically within healthcare. Many participants were experiencing acute/chronic stress which appeared to have mediated risk perceptions/compromised diabetic regimen adherence. Expense of ‘healthy’ eating/diabetic diet was considered prohibitive. Women’s material circumstances/socio-cultural milieux may militate against ability to minimise risk and effect lifestyle change. Policy and practice, for the most part, fails to take this into account.
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Plummer, Sharbreon S. "Haptic Memory: Resituating Black Women’s Lived Experiences in Fiber Art Narratives." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586990257051988.
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Dieujuste, Colette. "Li Fem Anpil: The Lived Experience of Haitian Immigrant Women with Postpartum Depression." eScholarship@UMMS, 2018. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsn_diss/53.
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Purpose: The purpose of this interpretive phenomenological study is to explore the lived experience of Haitian immigrant women living in Massachusetts with PPD.
Specific Aims: Aim 1: To explore the lived experience of PPD among Haitian immigrant women. Aim 2: To explore how the experience of being Haitian influences Haitian immigrant women in their response to PPD.
Framework: Leininger's Theory of Cultural Care (1988) guided the phenomenological approach and data collection. The Transcultural Care Decision & Action model contains three predictive modes for guiding nursing care judgments, decisions, or actions to provide care.
Design: Interpretive phenomenology guided this qualitative study. Individual face-to-face interviews were conducted. The data from each interview were transcribed into a written document and analyzed using the Crist and Tanner five-step process.
Results: This study yielded two themes; each theme has three dimensions. The first theme is “Feeling Disconnected” with three dimensions: (a) lack of support; (b) partner conflict; and, (c) nostalgia of Haiti. The second theme is “Feeling Reconnected” with three dimensions: (a) realization of needed help; (b) spirituality; and, (c) resilience.
Conclusion: This study provides insight into the lived experience of Haitian women with PPD. Awareness of Haitian women’s actual experiences with PPD will help health care providers to identify and provide culturally appropriate care to this population.
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Chai, Jim. "Patients' lived-experience of using insulin treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus management." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28039/.
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The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased dramatically over the past 10 years in Malaysia due to the modernisation of the country. The most recent national health survey revealed that more than 15.2% of Malaysian adults are suffering from the diseases. Insulin treatment has been demonstrated to play a clinically significant role to improve glycaemic control among selected Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, studies from several local hospitals showed that more than half of T2DM patients are reluctant to initiate insulin treatment. There is an increasing trend for the Malaysian healthcare sector to invest in understanding patients’ health experiences. This qualitative study focused on T2DM patients’ insights about their lived-experience of using insulin treatment as part of their diabetes management. This study aimed to understand the facilitators, which encourage patients to accept insulin treatment and also the psychological, social and behavioural barriers to effective diabetes management. Drawing on interview data with 37 participants, the three main barriers to initiate insulin treatment were worries about inability to handle using insulin, a sense of personal failure and negative perceptions of injections due to past experiences. The facilitators that encourage patients to accept insulin treatment were prior exposure to insulin injections, better side effect profile and wanting a better quality of life. However, there were many obstacles faced by T2DM patients when coping with insulin treatment such as the restriction of lifestyle and concerns about social acceptance. In general, knowledge of T2DM and insulin treatment are still lacking among the Malaysians interviewed in this study. There are still many distorted beliefs and misconceptions about insulin among T2DM patients. At the same time, patients’ concerns and beliefs regarding insulin use are greatly influenced by their experience and support from others. Many participants felt embarrassed and self-conscious when self-injecting insulin in public places. They felt that the Malaysian public often associate the use of injections to drug abuse. Social stigma is one key point, which leads to poor adherence to insulin treatment. Thus it is crucial to increase public awareness about insulin treatment in order to help these patients to be more comfortable about injecting, and also to encourage other people to be more open minded towards insulin treatment. Apart from raising public awareness, there is a need to empower T2DM patients with adequate knowledge through early, simplified, tailored education focusing on the disease nature and the role of insulin. Making them more aware of their health condition and the uses of modern insulin devices at an early stage will better prepare them mentally for insulin therapy.
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Du, Toit Elmi. "Single motherhood, parenting and mental health : the lived experience of a single mother from a Coloured community in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27562.
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Single motherhood is a growing phenomenon in South Africa, as it is in the world at large. The concept and structure of a family have changed over the last few decades and no single definition will suffice to describe or define it anymore. Various factors impact on the psychological wellbeing of the single mother. The psychological wellbeing or mental health of the single mother can influence her parenting abilities. The aim of this study is to explore the lived experience of a single mother with three dependent children, to gain a deeper understanding of her experiences as a single mother and the meaning she attaches to it. The point of view of this research is from a constructivist-interpretivist paradigm and from an ecological systems theory approach. This qualitative research study uses a single case study method with unstructured interviews to explore the participant’s experiences. Interpretative phenomenological analysis is used to analyse data, to identify main and sub-themes from the collected data, and to compare these themes with identified themes on single motherhood from existing research. The participant’s lived experience reveals that financial hardship is not the main contributing factor to stress experienced by this single mother. The accumulative effect of diverse stressors and the lack of social support due to prejudice and stigma seem to have a greater effect. This study generates questions around the stigma of single motherhood in South Africa. The reading of this text could raise the reader’s awareness of the challenges faced by single mothers and of prejudice against them. Single mothers are not less capable as individuals of handling the challenges of motherhood and parenting, but they are often exposed to more demands and stressors, compared to partnered mothers. Changing our perspectives on single motherhood can reduce prejudice, offer more social support and improve access to other needed resources.<br>Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.<br>Psychology<br>unrestricted
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Stephens, Yvonne R. "Embodied Literacies: The Rhetorical/Material Construction of the Senior Body." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1384893521.
Full textBooks on the topic "Maternal lived experiences"
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Cohen, Elizabeth Storr, and Margaret Louise Reeves, eds. The Youth of Early Modern Women. Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462984325.
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Through fifteen essays that work from a rich array of primary sources, this collection makes the novel claim that early modern European women, like men, had a youth. European culture recognised that, between childhood and full adulthood, early modern women experienced distinctive physiological, social, and psychological transformations. Drawing on two mutually shaped layers of inquiry — cultural constructions of youth and lived experiences — these essays exploit a wide variety of sources, including literary and autobiographical works, conduct literature, judicial and asylum records, drawings, and material culture. The geographical and temporal ranges traverse England, Ireland, Italy, France, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Spain, and Mexico from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. This volume brings fresh attention to representations of female youth, their own life writings, young women’s training for adulthood, courtship, and the emergent sexual lives of young unmarried women.
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Hohti Erichsen, Paula. Artisans, Objects and Everyday Life in Renaissance Italy. Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463722629.
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Did ordinary Italians have a ‘Renaissance’? This book presents the first in-depth exploration of how artisans and small local traders experienced the material and cultural Renaissance. Drawing on a rich blend of sixteenth-century visual and archival evidence, it examines how individuals and families at artisanal levels (such as shoemakers, barbers, bakers and innkeepers) lived and worked, managed their household economies and consumption, socialised in their homes, and engaged with the arts and the markets for luxury goods. It demonstrates that although the economic and social status of local craftsmen and traders was relatively low, their material possessions show how these men and women who rarely make it into the history books were fully engaged with contemporary culture, cultural customs and the urban way of life.
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Blakemore, Richard, and James Davey, eds. The Maritime World of Early Modern Britain. Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463721301.
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Britain's emergence as one of Europe's major maritime powers has all too frequently been subsumed by nationalistic narratives that focus on operations and technology. This volume, by contrast, offers a daring new take on Britain's maritime past. It brings together scholars from a range of disciplines to explore the manifold ways in which the sea shaped British history, demonstrating the number of approaches that now have a stake in defining the discipline of maritime history. The chapters analyse the economic, social, and cultural contexts in which English maritime endeavour existed, as well as discussing representations of the sea. The contributors show how people from across the British Isles increasingly engaged with the maritime world, whether through their own lived experiences or through material culture. The volume also includes essays that investigate encounters between English voyagers and indigenous peoples in Africa, and the intellectual foundations of imperial ambition.
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Chung, Simone Shu-Yeng, and Mike Douglass, eds. The Hard State, Soft City of Singapore. Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463729505.
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With Singapore serving as the subject of exploration, The Hard State, Soft City of Singapore explores the purview of imaginative representations of the city. Alongside the physical structures and associated practices that make up our lived environment, and conceptualized space engineered into material form by bureaucrats, experts and commercial interests, a perceptual layer of space is conjured out of people’s everyday life experiences. While such imaginative projections may not be as tangible as its functional designations, they are nonetheless equally vital and palpable. The richness of its inhabitants’ memories, aspirations and meaningful interpretations challenges the reduction of Singapore as a Generic City. Taking the imaginative field as the point of departure, the forms and modes of intellectual and creative articulations of Singapore’s urban condition probe the resilience of cities and the people who reside in them, through the images they convey or evoke as a means for collective expressions of human agency in placemaking.
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Moseley, V. J. "Jon", Andreas Lampropoulos, Eftychia Apostolidi, and Christos Giarlelis. Characteristic Seismic Failures of Buildings. Edited by Stephanos E. Dritsos. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed016.
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<p>Earthquakes can cause considerable fatalities, injuries and financial loss. The forces of nature cannot be blamed, as the problem lies with the structures in seismic regions that may not have been designed or constructed to a sufficient degree to resist earthquake actions or they may have design flaws. This Structural Engineering Document (SED) concerns reinforced concrete and masonry buildings together with geotechnical aspects and presents in a concise and practical way the state of the art of current understanding of building failures due to earthquakes. It classifies the different types of seismic failure, explains the reasons for each failure, describes good practices to avoid such failures and also describes seismic retrofitting/upgrading procedures for pre-earthquake strengthening and post-earthquake repair and/or strengthening techniques for deficient buildings. Carefully selected photographs and diagrams illustrate the different failure types. This document could be considered as quite unique, as this is the first time such material concerning characteristic seismic failures of buildings has been presented together in one single document. It is intended to be a valuable educational reference textbook aimed at all levels of experience of engineers. It provides background information, ideas, guidance and reassurance to engineers in earthquake regions faced with the task of building a safer future for the public and to protect lives. <p> <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/Oddi3VTtxCM" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
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Gate, Heavens. How and When "Heaven's Gate" (The Door to the Physical Kingdom Level Above Human) May Be Entered: An Anthology of Our Materials. Wildflower Press, 1997.
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Booth, Natalie. Maternal Imprisonment and Family Life. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447352297.001.0001.
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Exploring the untold experiences of family members and friends caring for the children of female prisoners in England and Wales, this book sheds light on the collateral damage that incarceration causes those who take over caregiving responsibilities for the children of female prisoners. Providing new qualitative research on the lived experiences of caregiving relatives, alongside theoretically informed and policy-relevant insights, the book shows the difficult and damaging consequences of the ‘family sentence’ they serve. Exploring the stigma, scarce statutory support and policy neglect they face, it offers much-needed evidence to encourage the development of a more inclusive, understanding and family-oriented justice system.
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Wismont, Judith Merenda. THE LIVED EXPERIENCE OF MATERNAL-FETAL ATTACHMENT OF PREGNANT INCARCERATED WOMEN (PRISON, AUTONOMY). 1996.
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Hill, Ronald Paul. Surviving in a Material World: The Lived Experience of People in Poverty. University of Notre Dame Press, 2002.
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Surviving in a Material World: The Lived Experience of People in Poverty. University of Notre Dame Press, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Maternal lived experiences"
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Sihto, Tiina, and Armi Mustosmäki. "The Most Invisible Maternal Experience? Analysing How Maternal Regret Is Discussed in Finland." In Women’s Lived Experiences of the Gender Gap. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1174-2_10.
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AbstractIn Finland, becoming a mother is often constructed as an individual choice that ultimately leads to personal fulfilment and happiness, despite the occasional ‘negative’ feelings associated with motherhood such as exhaustion, frustration and tiredness. In this cultural atmosphere, maternal regret continues to be a subject that is hidden, forbidden and rarely scrutinised. It is perhaps surprising that in one of the world’s most gender egalitarian countries, which is also perceived to be one of the best countries in which to be a mother, women still testify that motherhood is limited to survival. We argue that, somewhat paradoxically, discussing the negative emotions of motherhood might be particularly difficult in a relatively gender egalitarian society, where family policies are (by international comparison) fairly comprehensive and where becoming a mother is strongly constructed as a ‘free choice’. These discourses often hide the fact that parenthood in Finland is still extremely gendered. Finland’s masculine work culture with long working hours, the tendency for mothers and fathers not to take equal parental leave periods, and the cuts to welfare state services for families all contribute to the gendered division of parenthood. What are rarely discussed in connection with the struggles of mothering are political demands to improve gender equality. This chapter analyses discussion of maternal regret on an anonymous Finnish online discussion board. In comments from regretful mothers, motherhood is constructed as all-consuming, draining work. Hiding regret, especially from children, is seen as essential, as these mothers fear that their lack of ‘correct’ feelings will have adverse effects on their children. In comments responding to these regretful mothers, disbelief is a recurring theme with commenters suggesting that regretful mothers have misrecognised self-inflicted exhaustion or postnatal depression as regret. Such individualising responses depoliticise regret, contributing to the maintenance of taboos around motherhood.
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Giovanini, Valerie Oved. "The Subversive Act of Navel Gazing: How Maternal Experiences Are Lost from the History of Philosophy to the Gender Gap and a Subsequent Lesson from Maternal Subjectivities." In Women’s Lived Experiences of the Gender Gap. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1174-2_13.
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Heffernan, Valerie, and Katherine Stone. "International Responses to Regretting Motherhood." In Women’s Lived Experiences of the Gender Gap. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1174-2_11.
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AbstractRecent debates about maternal regret, prompted by the publication of Israeli sociologist Orna Donath’s (2015) research with mothers who admit to regretting their motherhood, have manifested differently in different cultural contexts. This chapter situates Tiina Sihto and Armi Mustosmäki’s analysis of a discussion of regret among contributors to an online forum for mothers in Finland (see Chap. 10.1007/978-981-16-1174-2_10) within the international context by comparing the Finnish discussion to similar media debates in Spain and the Anglophone countries. Our analysis reveals that while the idea that a woman might regret her motherhood is more readily accepted in countries where institutional support for mothers is lacking, there is a general acceptance that the inordinate pressures placed on mothers in neoliberal societies to negotiate the competing demands of family and paid employment make it inevitable that some women will experience regret. Moreover, we find evidence that the open conversation about regret triggered by Donath’s research is perceived as a further step towards destabilizing traditional attitudes towards gender roles.
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Kivimäki, Ville, Sami Suodenjoki, and Tanja Vahtikari. "Lived Nation: Histories of Experience and Emotion in Understanding Nationalism." In Palgrave Studies in the History of Experience. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69882-9_1.
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AbstractThe chapter introduces the concept of “lived nation” as a new perspective on studying nations and nationalism. By employing theories and methodologies from the histories of experience and emotions, the authors suggest a framework for analyzing how nations form and renew contexts for experiencing and feeling, and how the nations themselves are constructed in this process. Experiences and emotions are seen as mediators between different personal, social, cultural, and political spheres. Linked to discussions on everyday nationalism, personal nationalism, and national indifference, the chapter points toward future steps to be taken in nationalism studies, steps which will pay growing attention to historically varying bodily, material, and spatial contexts of experiencing.
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Vora, Shailini. "The Realities of Period Poverty: How Homelessness Shapes Women’s Lived Experiences of Menstruation." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_4.
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Abstract In this chapter, Vora focuses on the lived experiences of menstruation and homelessness. She offers an insight into the ways in which women experiencing homelessness understand and negotiate their leaky, menstrual bodies within contexts of limited financial and material resources. This study explores the scale of the personal, offering a phenomenological insight into the homeless experience of menstruators. Through personal interviews, Vora reveals that menstruation is regarded as a negative, emotional, and expensive experience. The participants are conscious of their doubly stigmatized status as homeless and menstruating, and they mobilize strategic rationalities to manage and conceal their menstrual status. Finally, Vora critically analyzes charitable initiatives that strive to alleviate the challenges faced when menstruating while homeless.
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Malinen, Antti, and Tanja Vahtikari. "Feeling the Nation through Exploring the City: Urban Pedagogy and Children’s Lived Experiences in Postwar Helsinki." In Palgrave Studies in the History of Experience. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69882-9_13.
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AbstractIn the post-1945 world, Finnish schools were appointed the new task of fostering democratic values and educating peace-loving citizens. By exploring postwar art and environmental education in Helsinki, understood as means to expand children’s emotional competences, Malinen and Vahtikari provide a unique analysis of the ways educators, children and urban space co-produced the nation in everyday (school) practices. Malinen and Vahtikari show the importance of fully acknowledging the spatial, material and sensory aspects of emotions when discussing children’s emotional formation and historical manifestations of everyday nationalism. To illustrate the adult-children co-creation of different ideas, practices and emotions with respect to the national community, the chapter uses two sets of contemporary sources: educators’ writings and children’s drawings.
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Luckman, Susan, and Jane Andrew. "Selling Craft and Design: The Cultural and Economic Intricacies of the Contemporary Artisanal Marketplace." In Creative Working Lives. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44979-7_6.
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AbstractThis chapter explores the contemporary marketplace for Australian craft and designer maker products as experienced by the makers and mediators in our study. What became clear was the ongoing importance of place—including localness and proximity—to the Australian market. Here emerges a paradox in the current relationship between craft and digital technology. Whereas the whole moment of growth in handmaking is in so many ways a direct result of the internet, with its greater access to materials, skills knowledge and (potentially) markets, it is the value of a face-to-face, hand-to-hand economy, we argue, that is clearly also re-asserting itself here.
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Rehsmann, Julia. "Lists in Flux, Lives on Hold? Technologies of Waiting in Liver Transplant Medicine." In Immobility and Medicine. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4976-2_2.
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Abstract This chapter examines waiting in liver transplant medicine, a field characterized by immediacy, urgency and delay. By taking a close look at waiting lists, allocating algorithms and mobile phones, it engages with the technological and material features that generate, shape and mediate waiting and hope when livers fail. Based on ethnographic research in Germany, I analyse the powerful workings of ephemeral waiting lists and discuss how these lists in flux put the lives of those looking for an organ on hold. By doing so, I contribute to understandings of how immobilities are produced and their affective dimensions. I approach waiting lists for liver transplants as part of transplant medicine’s invisible digital infrastructure and contend that the mobile phone becomes a critical feature therein, significantly affecting those waiting for a transplant. Firstly, I discuss the wait list as bureaucratic technology, marker of eligibility and symbol for patients’ chances to receive live-saving treatment. I then show, secondly, how complex algorithms create these ephemeral lists. Thirdly, I turn in more detail to the experiences of a patient listed for a transplant. I demonstrate how, in this time of waiting-in-uncertainty, the mobile phone becomes an extension and tangible manifestation of this ephemeral list as well as a reminder of one’s dependency on medical care. I show how the mobile phone transforms from a mere communication tool to an ambivalent marker of people’s simultaneous mobility and immobility during their wait.
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Menzies, Isa. "Constructed Inmates: Gender Constructions, Material Culture, and the Lived Experiences of Women in Fremantle Prison." In The Palgrave Handbook of Prison Tourism. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56135-0_18.
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Pallasmaa, Juhani. "Corpo, mente e immaginazione: l’essenza mentale dell’architettura." In La mente in architettura. Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-286-7.05.
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In our culture, dominated by shallow rationality and reliance on the empirical, measur-able and demonstrable, the embodied, experiential and mental dimensions of design are supressed. Yet, there is an interest in the possibilities of neuroscience to reveal the roles of space, form, materiality, memory and imagery in our sensory experiences and mind. Neuroscience supports the mental objectives in design, which are in danger of being eliminated in the crudely rationalized, quantified and functionalized processes of de-sign. The task of architecture extends beyond its utilitarian purposes to the existential and mental sphere. Articulating lived existential space, architecture constitutes our sys-tem of externalized order, hierarchy, memory and meaning. Neuroscience will reveal how the external and internal, material and mental, utilitarian and poetic dimensions constitute an integrated existential experience. The interest in the mental dimensions of architecture will confirm the significance of intuition, empathy and imagination.
Conference papers on the topic "Maternal lived experiences"
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Eberhardt, Alan W., Richard J. Lesley, Tina G. Oliver, and Rosalia N. Scripa. "Appropriate Technology in an Introductory Engineering Design Experience." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53011.
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EGR 200, Introduction to Engineering Design, provides transfer students at the University of Alabama at Birmingham an introductory engineering experience, including a 5-week design project. This year, the authors led a project that involved the design of crutches for use in a developing nation that featured the use of “appropriate technology” regarding materials and construction techniques. The target country was Zambia, Africa, which is one of the poorest countries in the world. In Zambia, the majority of the population lives on less than $2 USD per day [1]. Lack of medical facilities and doctors leads to many serious health issues. Infection often leads to amputation, creating a need for low cost crutches.
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Vitória Duarte Nogueira, Bárbara, and Fabiann Matthaus Dantas Barbosa. "Comunidades Amazônicas Revivendo Experiências na Terceira Idade em Realidade Virtual no Interior do Amazonas." In Computer on the Beach. Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14210/cotb.v11n1.p560-563.
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Today, technology is present in the life of much of society, offering different forms of interaction, showing new ways of understanding, perception and learning. However, in the daily life of the elderly there are still barriers that hinder digital inclusion, this becomes clearer in places where technology is not evident, such as in the interior of the Amazon. The use of virtual reality (VR) has grown in society in different segments, so that its application has brought new immersive experiences in various areas. With the objective of expanding digital inclusion with older people living in Labrea - AM, this project aimed to provide the elderly population in rural and riverside communities with opportunities to reconstruct memories lived in the past through old images experiencing new experiences in a three-dimensional manner. through virtual reality. For this, cardboard scrap collections were made for the creation of VR glasses, as well as the making of devices using recycled materials. With this, the project was able to serve as a benefit in the reconstruction of experiences located in time, space and the whole of social relations, besides being a guide of information and exchange of experiences transmitted to the younger ones.
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Sham, T. L., Robert I. Jetter, and Daniel R. Eno. "Creep Effects on Design Below the Temperature Limits of ASME Section III Subsection NB." In Fourth International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/htr2008-58281.
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Some recent studies of material response have identified an issue that crosses over and blurs the boundary between ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section III Subsection NB and Subsection NH. For very long design lives, the effects of creep show up at lower and lower temperature as the design life increases. Although true for the temperature at which the allowable stress is governed by creep properties, the effect is more apparent, e.g. creep effects show up sooner, at local structural discontinuities and peak thermal stress locations. This is because creep is a function of time, temperature and stress and the higher the localized stress, the lower in temperature creep begins to cause damage. If the threshold is below the Subsection NB to NH temperature boundary, 700°F for ferritic steels and 800°F for austenitic materials, then this potential failure mode will not be considered. Unfortunately, there is no experience base with very long lives at temperatures close to but under the Subsection NB to NH boundary to draw upon. This issue is of particular interest in the application of Subsection NB rules of construction to some High Temperature Gas Reactor (HTGR) concepts. The purpose of this paper is, thus, twofold; one part is about statistical treatment and extrapolation of sparse data for a specific material of interest, A533B; the other part is about how these results could impact current design procedures in Subsection NB.
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Grzyb, David W. "The Alberta Experience With Composite Pipes in Production Environments." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31092.
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The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) is the quasi-judicial agency that is responsible for regulating the development of Alberta’s energy resources. Its mandate is to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta’s energy resources takes place in a manner that is safe, fair, responsible, and in the public interest. The ERCB’s responsibilities include the regulation of over 400,000 km of high-pressure oil and gas pipelines, the majority of which is production field pipeline. ERCB regulations require pipeline licensees to report all pipeline failures, regardless of consequence, and thus a comprehensive data set exists pertaining to the failure frequency and failure causes of its regulated pipelines. Analysis has shown that corrosion is consistently the predominant cause of failure in steel production pipeline systems. Corrosion-resistant materials, such as fibre-composite pipe, thermoplastic pipe, and plastic-lined pipe have long been explored as alternatives to steel pipe, and have in fact been used in various forms for many years. The ERCB has encouraged the use of such materials where appropriate and has co-operated with licensees to allow the use of various types of new pipeline systems on an experimental basis, subject to technical assessment, service limitations, and periodic performance evaluations. This paper will review the types of composite pipe materials that have been used in Alberta, and present statistical data on the length of composite pipe in place, growth trends, failure causes and failure frequency. As the purpose of using alternative materials is to improve upon the performance history of steel, a comparison will be done to determine if that goal is being achieved.
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Bieler, James A., and Brad G. Davis. "Initial Testing and Constitutive Modeling of Cellular Rubber Subjected to Large Strains and High Strain Rates." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23866.
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Abstract In order to allow for the numerical modeling of impacts for the design of live fire facilities commonly used by military and law enforcement personnel against next generation and environmentally friendly ammunition currently in development, constitutive models for novel target materials must be developed. Many existing facilities are constructed from AR500 steel, coupled with a layer of cellular rubber to reduce impact velocities and contain projectile fragments. High strain rate models, such as the commonly used Johnson-Cook constitutive model, are widely available to characterize AR500 steel, but calibrated models do not currently exist to characterize the cellular rubber. This project seeks to address this shortfall and provide a suitable material model for designers of these facilities in order to ensure the safety of users and the public. Appropriate constitutive models that account for the large strain, high strain rates, and temperature effects experienced during ballistic events and the porosity of the material were researched and a plan developed for future materials testing. Three suitable models were selected for further analysis — A Non-Linear Elastic Model described by Johnson in his work with polyurethane coupled with a Mie-Gruneisen equation of state to account for the porosity of the material, an Osborn-Hull model developed for use with crushable solids, and the Holmquist-Johnson-Cook Model commonly used for cementitious materials.
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Harrison, Benjamin, Lin Yuan, and Stelios Kyriakides. "Measurement of Lined Pipe Liner Imperfections and the Effect on Wrinkling and Collapse Under Bending." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54539.
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Carbon steel pipe is often lined with a thin layer of non-corrosive material to protect it against corrosion from sour hydrocarbons. The product is commonly assembled by mechanical expansion of a liner shell bringing it into contact with the inner surface of a seamless steel pipe. During installation and operation lined pipelines can experience bending or compression deformations large enough to cause the liner to buckle and collapse inside an intact outer pipe. It has been demonstrated that such buckling instabilities are very sensitive to small initial geometric imperfections in the liner [1–3]. Liner imperfections in 8- and 12-inch lined pipes have been measured using custom scanning devices and have been characterized by trigonometric Fourier series. Imperfection amplitudes large enough to significantly influence the collapse of the liner have been detected. The main source of the imperfections is the internal surface relief in the seamless outer pipe left behind by piercing, rolling and external finishing of the pipe. Dominant circumferential and axial imperfection waves are used in finite element models to demonstrate the detrimental effect of such imperfections on liner collapse under bending.
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Hu, Yifeng, Lingen Sun, and Gang Chen. "Research on Creep Analysis of Alloy 617 in AUSC Turbine Components." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84227.
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With the increasing demand of environmental protection, the development of highest efficiency fossil power plants to reduce the CO2 emissions has become a top priority. So the live steam parameters of AUSC unit will be increased to 700°C and 350bar. To achieve the desired operating hours at this temperature the application of nickel base materials is necessary for the main components such as rotors, inner casings and valves. Alloy 617 is selected for forged component. The creep behavior of Alloy 617 is quite different from Cr steel’s, the design experience of USC units can’t be completely adopted in the AUSC unit. The work presented in this paper, aims to predict the creep strain of Alloy 617 in AUSC turbine components. Several material models for creep in Alloy are compared. Base on the notched specimens’ experimental results, the models of the tertiary creep stage and the multiaxial behavior of turbine component are discussed.
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Hudak, Stephen J., Guadalupe B. Robledo, and Jeffrey Hawk. "Corrosion-Fatigue Performance of High-Strength Riser Steels in Seawater and Sour Brine Environments." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-50171.
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Although new high-strength steels have recently been developed to meet the demands of increased reservoir pressures, and sour production fluids, the corrosion-fatigue performance of these new higher-strength materials is largely unknown. The goal of this study was to fill this knowledge gap by generating corrosion-fatigue data in two aggressive environments: 1) a sour production brine, and 2) seawater with cathodic protection. The focus of the current paper is on stress-life (S-N) corrosion-fatigue results in these environments, as well as a baseline air environment. Experiments were performed on five different steels with yield strengths ranging from 848 MPa to 1080 MPa. Prior frequency-scan results based on corrosion-fatigue crack growth rate data demonstrated that not all of these material-environment combinations exhibit a saturation frequency where the detrimental environmental effect approached a constant value as the cyclic loading frequency is decreased. Consequently, S-N tests were performed at different frequencies (0.01 Hz, 0.17 Hz, and 1 Hz), depending on the fatigue life regime, in attempting to match the loading frequencies experienced in service. Corrosion-fatigue occurred at stresses well below the fatigue endurance limit in laboratory air, and cyclic lives in the seawater with cathodic protection environment were found to be 2X to 10X less than those in the baseline air environment, while cyclic lives in the sour brine environment were found to be 30X to 100X less than those in the baseline air environment. In both environments, degradation was greatest at lower stresses in the high cycle fatigue regime. The effect of material strength level had little or no measurable effect on the S-N corrosion-fatigue performance, and the effect of cyclic frequency on the corrosion-fatigue performance was mixed. The S-N response to these two variables differed significantly from recently measured fatigue crack growth kinetics in these same materials that were performed in a companion study. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.
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Rondinella, V. V., T. Wiss, J. P. Hiernaut, and D. Staicu. "Dose Rate Effects on the Accumulation of Radiation Damage." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7322.
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During storage, spent fuel and other waste forms accumulate alpha-decay damage (and He). The dose rates and the temperatures experienced during storage are lower than during in-pile operation: however, the duration of the storage is much longer (of the order of up to a few hundred years if extended interim storage concepts are considered); if final disposal in the repository is considered, the time interval in which radiation damage accumulates is open-ended. In order to simulate within timeframes suitable for laboratory experiments long-term accumulation of alpha-decay damage, the so-called alpha-doped materials can be used, i.e. materials loaded with short-lived alpha-emitters (like e.g. Pu-238, U-233, etc.). The question is often posed if the accelerated accumulation of decay damage and He obtained using alpha-doped materials does cause some artefact related to the rate of accumulation rather than by the integrated dose. This work presents evidence that, at least within the range of alpha-activities considered, there is no dose rate effect. By comparing property evolution as a function of accumulated dpa for alpha-doped materials with activities of ∼1010 and ∼108 Bq/g, respectively, the same trends and levels of alteration are observed. In particular, macroscopic properties like hardness (measured by Vickers indentation) or swelling (evolution of lattice parameter derived from XRD), and microstructural formation and accumulation of defects in the lattice of the alpha-doped material are investigated, showing a remarkable similarity of behaviour vs. dpa independently not only from the dose rate, but also from the composition (namely, Pu and U are considered).
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Macdonald, Kenneth A., and Mohamad Cheaitani. "Engineering Critical Assessment in the Complex Girth Welds of Clad and Lined Linepipe Materials." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31627.
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The nature of aggressive hydrocarbon reservoir fluids places demands upon material selection for linepipe that can only be met by the use of corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs): either in solid form; or as an internal liner or clad layer combined with a carbon steel substrate. Design and construction guidance for such flowline systems is presently not comprehensive in offshore pipeline standards, even for cases where the CRA layer could be ignored in terms of structural design. Offshore pipelines designed and fabricated in accordance with DNV OS-F101 benefit from the standard allowing flaw acceptance levels for girth welds to be determined based on an engineering critical assessment (ECA). The linepipe materials presently available fall into two main categories: clad, where the CRA layer is metallurgically bonded to the carbon steel substrate; and lined, where the CRA liner is mechanically bonded in place within the carrier pipe. These products present a mixture of common and unique challenges when designing and welding flowlines. In particular, the welds in these materials are typically more complex than in rigid C-Mn flowlines and this fact is reflected in the difficulty in conducting ECAs using the available conventional guidance. Due to production limitations on linepipe dimensions, it may also be necessary to explicitly take account of the strength of the clad layer in the overall design, including assessing integrity and fracture control across the full (composite) wall thickness. This paper discusses conducting ECAs in such complex weldments whilst addressing the implications of these challenges. Reference is made to experience gained from two projects; where, in the most recent of these (the Deep Panuke project), new guidance on conducting such ECAs has been implemented for the first time. The Deep Panuke flowlines comprise: four 8in production flow-lines in clad pipe with a 12.5mm WT grade 415 (X60) carbon steel substrate and an internal 2.5mm Incoloy Alloy 825 clad layer; and a single 3in acid gas flowline in solid Inconel Alloy 625. Both lines will be welded by manual GTAW using 686 filler material. The nominal level of installation plastic strain for the project ranges up to 1.7% in the case of the 8in line so the additional complexities of cyclic plastic deformation during installation must also be addressed by the ECA using constraint-matched SENT fracture mechanics specimens and a tearing instability fracture assessment. The challenge of achieving adequate strength in the weld is ever-present but the intrinsic yield strength limitations of CRA materials makes the probability of an undermatching condition high enough (despite a strong focus during weld procedure development) that the ECA philosophy has to be able to accommodate a potential weld undermatching condition. Broadly speaking, the strategy adopted is to use finite element analysis (FEA) to model the crack driving force (in terms of J or CTOD) of a flaw in an undermatched weld used in order to support and, where necessary, calibrate BS7910 type fracture mechanics assessments. The assessment will thus be fine-tuned to account for the actual level of undermatch present. The methodology is a new one and is a first for the Deep Panuke project. A case study from an earlier project on lined pipe is also presented for comparison.
Reports on the topic "Maternal lived experiences"
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Golovko, Khrystyna. TRAVEL REPORT BY ALEKSANDER JANTA-POŁCZYNSKI «INTO THE USSR» (1932): FROG PERSPECTIVE. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11091.
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The article analyzes a series of materials by Aleksander Janta-Polczynski «Into the USSR» from Soviet Russia during the in 1932, published on «Wiadomości Literackiе». The purpose of this article is explain the uniqueness of the reporter’s style and personality. We want to emphasize the role of Janta-Polczynski as the pioneer of reportage journalism. He was the first who worked professionally in this position in the full sense of this word. Analyzed the cycle of Alexander Janta-Polczynski from Russia, we can emphasize the scale of the reporter’s trip: in 1932 the journalist made the largest journalistic trip to the USSR. Janta visited the Eastern republics, which differed from the popular Moscow and Leningrad. Also, he saw the largest construction in the USSR at this time – which it bragged about russian newspapers – Magnitogorsk and Dneprostroy. For a better understanding are given the visual examples from reportorial texts. It should be noted that for Janta the main task of the reporter is to show what is seen and recorded: only facts and personal experience in communication. This cycle can safely be called a journey and social expedition. The main task for Janta the scene where the reportage takes place is to find proper characters and convince them of the importance of their story. These are the materials of a reporter – an eyewitness, not a researcher, a report from the scene, which pushes the reader to an independent conclusion. We explore that all the Janta-Polczynski texts are inextricably linked by looking into the «middle» of the process: the diversity of what is seen allows the journalist to look for differences and similarities, compare, look at the fundamental components, track changes and distinguish them. Special attention was paid to a low-angle shot in his materials. He describes how Soviet society lives, how factories work, how the system of educating a Soviet person, goes to the movies and exhibitions, communicates with ordinary citizens. Undoubtedly, all this is successfully complemented by the factual detail and uniqueness of the author’s style.
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Mayas, Magda. Creating with timbre. Norges Musikkhøgskole, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.686088.
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Unfolding processes of timbre and memory in improvisational piano performance This exposition is an introduction to my research and practice as a pianist, in which I unfold processes of timbre and memory in improvised music from a performer’s perspective. Timbre is often understood as a purely sonic perceptual phenomenon. However, this is not in accordance with a site-specific improvisational practice with changing spatial circumstances impacting the listening experience, nor does it take into account the agency of the instrument and objects used or the performer’s movements and gestures. In my practice, I have found a concept as part of the creating process in improvised music which has compelling potential: Timbre orchestration. My research takes the many and complex aspects of a performance environment into account and offers an extended understanding of timbre, which embraces spatial, material and bodily aspects of sound in improvised music performance. The investigative projects described in this exposition offer a methodology to explore timbral improvisational processes integrated into my practice, which is further extended through collaborations with sound engineers, an instrument builder and a choreographer: -experiments in amplification and recording, resulting in Memory piece, a series of works for amplified piano and multichannel playback - Piano mapping, a performance approach, with a custom-built device for live spatialization as means to expand and deepen spatio-timbral relationships; - Accretion, a project with choreographer Toby Kassell for three grand pianos and a pianist, where gestural approaches are used to activate and compose timbre in space. Together, the projects explore memory as a structural, reflective and performative tool and the creation of performing and listening modes as integrated parts of timbre orchestration. Orchestration and choreography of timbre turn into an open and hybrid compositional approach, which can be applied to various contexts, engaging with dynamic relationships and re-configuring them.
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Dalglish, Chris, and Sarah Tarlow, eds. Modern Scotland: Archaeology, the Modern past and the Modern present. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.163.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings: HUMANITY The Panel recommends recognition that research in this field should be geared towards the development of critical understandings of self and society in the modern world. Archaeological research into the modern past should be ambitious in seeking to contribute to understanding of the major social, economic and environmental developments through which the modern world came into being. Modern-world archaeology can add significantly to knowledge of Scotland’s historical relationships with the rest of the British Isles, Europe and the wider world. Archaeology offers a new perspective on what it has meant to be a modern person and a member of modern society, inhabiting a modern world. MATERIALITY The Panel recommends approaches to research which focus on the materiality of the recent past (i.e. the character of relationships between people and their material world). Archaeology’s contribution to understandings of the modern world lies in its ability to situate, humanise and contextualise broader historical developments. Archaeological research can provide new insights into the modern past by investigating historical trends not as abstract phenomena but as changes to real lives, affecting different localities in different ways. Archaeology can take a long-term perspective on major modern developments, researching their ‘prehistory’ (which often extends back into the Middle Ages) and their material legacy in the present. Archaeology can humanise and contextualise long-term processes and global connections by working outwards from individual life stories, developing biographies of individual artefacts and buildings and evidencing the reciprocity of people, things, places and landscapes. The modern person and modern social relationships were formed in and through material environments and, to understand modern humanity, it is crucial that we understand humanity’s material relationships in the modern world. PERSPECTIVE The Panel recommends the development, realisation and promotion of work which takes a critical perspective on the present from a deeper understanding of the recent past. Research into the modern past provides a critical perspective on the present, uncovering the origins of our current ways of life and of relating to each other and to the world around us. It is important that this relevance is acknowledged, understood, developed and mobilised to connect past, present and future. The material approach of archaeology can enhance understanding, challenge assumptions and develop new and alternative histories. Modern Scotland: Archaeology, the Modern past and the Modern present vi Archaeology can evidence varied experience of social, environmental and economic change in the past. It can consider questions of local distinctiveness and global homogeneity in complex and nuanced ways. It can reveal the hidden histories of those whose ways of life diverged from the historical mainstream. Archaeology can challenge simplistic, essentialist understandings of the recent Scottish past, providing insights into the historical character and interaction of Scottish, British and other identities and ideologies. COLLABORATION The Panel recommends the development of integrated and collaborative research practices. Perhaps above all other periods of the past, the modern past is a field of enquiry where there is great potential benefit in collaboration between different specialist sectors within archaeology, between different disciplines, between Scottish-based researchers and researchers elsewhere in the world and between professionals and the public. The Panel advocates the development of new ways of working involving integrated and collaborative investigation of the modern past. Extending beyond previous modes of inter-disciplinary practice, these new approaches should involve active engagement between different interests developing collaborative responses to common questions and problems. REFLECTION The Panel recommends that a reflexive approach is taken to the archaeology of the modern past, requiring research into the nature of academic, professional and public engagements with the modern past and the development of new reflexive modes of practice. Archaeology investigates the past but it does so from its position in the present. Research should develop a greater understanding of modern-period archaeology as a scholarly pursuit and social practice in the present. Research should provide insights into the ways in which the modern past is presented and represented in particular contexts. Work is required to better evidence popular understandings of and engagements with the modern past and to understand the politics of the recent past, particularly its material aspect. Research should seek to advance knowledge and understanding of the moral and ethical viewpoints held by professionals and members of the public in relation to the archaeology of the recent past. There is a need to critically review public engagement practices in modern-world archaeology and develop new modes of public-professional collaboration and to generate practices through which archaeology can make positive interventions in the world. And there is a need to embed processes of ethical reflection and beneficial action into archaeological practice relating to the modern past.
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McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.
Full textAbstract:
Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to advise the Minister for Families and Social Services on the implementation of ER. To inform its advice to the Minister, the NCG partnered with the Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra to conduct research to understand the issues and challenges faced by ER Providers and Service Users in local contexts across Australia. The research involved a desktop review of the existing literature on ER service provision, a large survey which all Commonwealth ER Providers were invited to participate in (and 122 responses were received), interviews with a purposive sample of 18 ER Providers, and the development of a program logic and theory of change for the Commonwealth ER program to assess progress. The surveys and interviews focussed on ER Provider perceptions of the strengths, weaknesses, future challenges, and areas of improvement for current ER provision. The trend of increasing case complexity, the effectiveness of ER service delivery models in achieving outcomes for Service Users, and the significance of volunteering in the sector were investigated. Separately, an evaluation of the performance of the NCG was conducted and a summary of the evaluation is provided as an appendix to this report. Several themes emerged from the review of the existing literature such as service delivery shortcomings in dealing with case complexity, the effectiveness of case management, and repeat requests for service. Interviews with ER workers and Service Users found that an uplift in workforce capability was required to deal with increasing case complexity, leading to recommendations for more training and service standards. Several service evaluations found that ER delivered with case management led to high Service User satisfaction, played an integral role in transforming the lives of people with complex needs, and lowered repeat requests for service. A large longitudinal quantitative study revealed that more time spent with participants substantially decreased the number of repeat requests for service; and, given that repeat requests for service can be an indicator of entrenched poverty, not accessing further services is likely to suggest improvement. The interviews identified the main strengths of ER to be the rapid response and flexible use of funds to stabilise crisis situations and connect people to other supports through strong local networks. Service Users trusted the system because of these strengths, and ER was often an access point to holistic support. There were three main weaknesses identified. First, funding contracts were too short and did not cover the full costs of the program—in particular, case management for complex cases. Second, many Service Users were dependent on ER which was inconsistent with the definition and intent of the program. Third, there was inconsistency in the level of service received by Service Users in different geographic locations. These weaknesses can be improved upon with a joined-up approach featuring co-design and collaborative governance, leading to the successful commissioning of social services. The survey confirmed that volunteers were significant for ER, making up 92% of all workers and 51% of all hours worked in respondent ER programs. Of the 122 respondents, volunteers amounted to 554 full-time equivalents, a contribution valued at $39.4 million. In total there were 8,316 volunteers working in the 122 respondent ER programs. The sector can support and upskill these volunteers (and employees in addition) by developing scalable training solutions such as online training modules, updating ER service standards, and engaging in collaborative learning arrangements where large and small ER Providers share resources. More engagement with peak bodies such as Volunteering Australia might also assist the sector to improve the focus on volunteer engagement. Integrated services achieve better outcomes for complex ER cases—97% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. The research identified the dimensions of service integration most relevant to ER Providers to be case management, referrals, the breadth of services offered internally, co-location with interrelated service providers, an established network of support, workforce capability, and Service User engagement. Providers can individually focus on increasing the level of service integration for their ER program to improve their ability to deal with complex cases, which are clearly on the rise. At the system level, a more joined-up approach can also improve service integration across Australia. The key dimensions of this finding are discussed next in more detail. Case management is key for achieving Service User outcomes for complex cases—89% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. Interviewees most frequently said they would provide more case management if they could change their service model. Case management allows for more time spent with the Service User, follow up with referral partners, and a higher level of expertise in service delivery to support complex cases. Of course, it is a costly model and not currently funded for all Service Users through ER. Where case management is not available as part of ER, it might be available through a related service that is part of a network of support. Where possible, ER Providers should facilitate access to case management for Service Users who would benefit. At a system level, ER models with a greater component of case management could be implemented as test cases. Referral systems are also key for achieving Service User outcomes, which is reflected in the ER Program Logic presented on page 31. The survey and interview data show that referrals within an integrated service (internal) or in a service hub (co-located) are most effective. Where this is not possible, warm referrals within a trusted network of support are more effective than cold referrals leading to higher take-up and beneficial Service User outcomes. However, cold referrals are most common, pointing to a weakness in ER referral systems. This is because ER Providers do not operate or co-locate with interrelated services in many cases, nor do they have the case management capacity to provide warm referrals in many other cases. For mental illness support, which interviewees identified as one of the most difficult issues to deal with, ER Providers offer an integrated service only 23% of the time, warm referrals 34% of the time, and cold referrals 43% of the time. A focus on referral systems at the individual ER Provider level, and system level through a joined-up approach, might lead to better outcomes for Service Users. The program logic and theory of change for ER have been documented with input from the research findings and included in Section 4.3 on page 31. These show that ER helps people facing a financial crisis to meet their immediate needs, avoid further harm, and access a path to recovery. The research demonstrates that ER is fundamental to supporting vulnerable people in Australia and should therefore continue to be funded by government.
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Lessons on literacy training for adolescent girls: Considerations for SWEDD safe spaces. Population Council, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2021.1001.
Full textAbstract:
Literacy training for girls and young women can bridge the gap between girls’ low rates of schooling in the Sahel region and their desire for lifelong knowledge and skills. Literacy programs may also help promote community behavioral and attitudinal change by making the benefits of girls’ education visible. Sahel Women’s Empowerment and Demographic Dividend (SWEDD) has increased literacy training for adolescent girls (AGs) to add to the assets they need to improve health outcomes. As a response to the need to strengthen literacy training components in Safe Spaces, practical lessons from evidence-based programming were compiled. These lessons center the learning experience on AGs and emphasize the need for materials that actively engage participants and thus increase the likelihood of their retaining information. As noted in this brief, within Safe Spaces, literacy training curriculum content should be informed by AG subject matter suggestions to increase relevance to the girls’ lives, regardless of the setting (community spaces or schools). Additionally, instructors need dedicated training using simple instructions and evidence-based curricula. Community involvement may help ensure longterm community support for girls’ education.