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Journal articles on the topic 'Maternal Nicotine Treatment (MNT)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 15 September 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Yang, Kaiping, Laura Julan, Fran Rubio, Anju Sharma та Haiyan Guan. "Cadmium reduces 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 activity and expression in human placental trophoblast cells". American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 290, № 1 (2006): E135—E142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00356.2005.

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Cadmium, a common environmental pollutant and a major constituent of tobacco smoke, has been identified as a new class of endocrine disruptors with a wide range of detrimental effects on mammalian reproduction. During human pregnancy, maternal cadmium exposure, via the environment and/or cigarette smoking, leads to fetal growth restriction (FGR), but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Although a substantial amount of evidence suggests that cadmium may affect fetal growth indirectly via the placenta, the molecular targets remain to be identified. Given that reduced placental 11β-hydroxyster

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Kuriakose, Lency S., Bhavani L. Nair, and Prameeda P. Radha. "Prospective study of maternal outcomes in primigravida with gestational diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care centre Venjaramood, Thiruvananthapuram." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 11, no. 1 (2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20215075.

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Background: The prevalence of Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is on the rise. Understanding the various outcomes of it is essential to face this challenge. The aim of the study was to understand the maternal outcomes of GDM in primigravida and to compare the maternal outcomes in primigravida with GDM and without GDM.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Venjaramood, Thiruvananthapuram, on 180 primigravida mothers,90 with and 90 without gestational diabetes. GDM was diagnosed wit

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Ullah, Zia, Sabeena Umer, Bilal Habib, Farukh Bashir, Shazia Roman, and Sadia Nisar. "Trying Modified Approaches to the Management of Pregnancy Induced Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) a Prospective Study." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 12 (2022): 603–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs20221612603.

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Background: To investigate maternal and foetal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed according to the criteria of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG), but who were evaluated using a twenty-four hour seven-value sugar profile prior to the implementation of management. This study sought to examine maternal and fetal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. Place of Study: Sialkot Medical College Sialkot Duration of Study: JUNE 2021 TO JUNE2022 Methods: This prospective observational study was undertaken at the

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von Chamier, Maria, Leticia Reyes, Linda F. Hayward, and Mary B. Brown. "Nicotine Induces Maternal and Fetal Inflammatory Responses Which Predispose Intrauterine Infection Risk in a Rat Model." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 23, no. 10 (2021): 1763–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntab080.

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Abstract Introduction Both smoking and infection adversely impact pregnancy. Previously, our group identified in a rodent model that 6 mg/kg/d nicotine increased the risk of fetal infection at gestation day (GD) 18. Here, we investigate lower nicotine doses. Methods Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats received nicotine infusion at 0, 1, or 3 mg/kg/d (no, low-, and mid-dose nicotine, respectively) from GD 6, with intravenous inoculation with Mycoplasma pulmonis (MP) at 107 CFU (N = 20) or sterile broth (sham) (N = 11) on GD 14. Uterus and fetuses were retrieved on GD 18 for MP culture and histopatholo

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Vasile, Flavia Cristina, Agnesa Preda, Adela Gabriela Ștefan, et al. "An Update of Medical Nutrition Therapy in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus." Journal of Diabetes Research 2021 (November 18, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5266919.

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious and frequent pregnancy complication that can lead to short and long-term risks for both mother and fetus. Different health organizations proposed different algorithms for the screening, diagnosis, and management of GDM. Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT), together with physical exercise and frequent self-monitoring, represents the milestone for GDM treatment in order to reduce maternal and fetal complications. The pregnant woman should benefit from her family support and make changes in their lifestyles, changes that, in the end, will be beneficial

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Shirwani, Avan, Jeffrey A. Kuller, Sarah K. Dotters-Katz, and Kateena Addae-Konadu. "Nicotine Use During Pregnancy: Cessation and Treatment Strategies." Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 78, no. 10 (2023): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ogx.0000000000001191.

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ABSTRACT The use of tobacco and nicotine products during pregnancy is known to increase the risk of adverse effects on the fetus. Increased education and research have resulted in greater rates of smoking cessation during pregnancy, with a decline from 13.2% of pregnant individuals smoking in 2006 to 7.2% in 2016. However, smoking while pregnant still proves to be a prevalent issue that is associated with numerous adverse outcomes, including low birth weight, preterm birth, and developmental delays. Smoking cessation before or during pregnancy can help mitigate these effects, but the appropria

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Li, Yong, Andrew M. Song, Yingjie Fu та ін. "Perinatal nicotine exposure alters Akt/GSK-3β/mTOR/autophagy signaling, leading to development of hypoxic-ischemic-sensitive phenotype in rat neonatal brain". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 317, № 6 (2019): R803—R813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00218.2019.

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Maternal cigarette smoking is a major perinatal insult that contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular and neurodevelopmental diseases in offspring. Our previous studies revealed that perinatal nicotine exposure reprograms a sensitive phenotype in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely elusive. The present study tested the hypothesis that perinatal nicotine exposure impacts autophagy signaling in the developing brain, resulting in enhanced susceptibility to neonatal HIE. Nicotine was administered to pregnant rats via subcu

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Halima, Ben Ahmed, Khlifi Sarra, Rtibi Kais, Elfazaa Salwa, and Gharbi Najoua. "Indicators of oxidative stress in weanling and pubertal rats following exposure to nicotine via milk." Human & Experimental Toxicology 29, no. 6 (2009): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327109354440.

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Nicotine, a major toxic component of tobacco, has been identified as an important risk factor for infant and children diseases. It is concentrated in breast milk and is absorbed by the infant. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal nicotine exposure during lactation on breast-fed rats and at the pubertal age by measuring biomarkers of oxidative stress. Particularly, a new parameter, the thiol concentration was evaluated. Two groups of lactating Wistar rats were used. For the first group, female rats were given an intraperitoenal injection of nicotine or sal

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Slotkin, Theodore A., Samantha Skavicus, Ashley Ko, Edward D. Levin, and Frederic J. Seidler. "The Developmental Neurotoxicity of Tobacco Smoke Can Be Mimicked by a Combination of Nicotine and Benzo[a]Pyrene: Effects on Cholinergic and Serotonergic Systems." Toxicological Sciences 167, no. 1 (2018): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfy241.

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Abstract Tobacco smoke contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in addition to nicotine. We compared the developmental neurotoxicity of nicotine to that of the PAH archetype, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and also evaluated the effects of combined exposure to assess whether PAHs might exacerbate the adverse effects of nicotine. Pregnant rats were treated preconception through the first postnatal week, modeling nicotine concentrations in smokers and a low BaP dose devoid of systemic effects. We conducted evaluations of acetylcholine (ACh) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) systems in brai

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Brancato, Anna, and Carla Cannizzaro. "Mothering under the influence: how perinatal drugs of abuse alter the mother-infant interaction." Reviews in the Neurosciences 29, no. 3 (2018): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2017-0052.

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AbstractAlthough drug-abusing women try to moderate their drug and alcohol use during pregnancy, they often relapse at a time when childcare needs are high and maternal bonding is critical to an infant’s development. In the clinical setting, the search for the neural basis of drug-induced caregiving deficits is complex due to several intervening variables. Rather, the preclinical studies that control for drug dose and regimen, as well as for gestational and postpartum environment, allow a precise determination of the effects of drugs on maternal behaviour. Given the relevance of the issue, thi

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Liu, Jie, Reiko Sakurai, E. M. O'Roark, Nicholas J. Kenyon, John S. Torday та Virender K. Rehan. "PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone prevents perinatal nicotine exposure-induced asthma in rat offspring". American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 300, № 5 (2011): L710—L717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00337.2010.

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Perinatal exposure to maternal smoke is associated with adverse pulmonary effects, including reduced lung function and increased incidence of asthma. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are unknown, and there is no effective preventive and/or therapeutic intervention. Recently, we suggested that downregulation of homeostatic mesenchymal peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) signaling following in utero nicotine exposure might contribute to chronic lung diseases such as asthma. We used an in vivo rat model to determine the effect of perinatal nicotine exposure on 1)

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Anuradha, Mishra, Oram Mamata, Rath Bibekananada, and Sahu Prativa. "Evaluation of Pregnancy Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 6 (2022): 349–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13625588.

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<strong>Background: </strong>In this study we wanted to evaluate the risk factors associated with GDM and assess the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus. <strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Endocrinology and Department of Paediatrics, MKCG Medical College, Berhampur from October 2019 to September 2021 among pregnant women of gestational age between 24-40 weeks who attended antenatal care in OPD and labor room and met inclusion criteria

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Jain, Rajesh, Veeraswamy Seshiah, Guneeta Mehta Jain, Pikee Saxena, Shaily Agarwal, and Sadhana Tiwari. "Epidemiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Newer Evidence to curtail." Diabetes Asia Journal 1, no. 1 (2024): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.62996/daj.09072024.

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a state metabolic disorder caused by carbohydrate intolerance during pregnancy for the first time. This disease is very important as it affects the mother and fetus. It is said that GDM disrupts the pregnancy process and causes many diseases, such as recurrent miscarriage, congenital anomalies, preeclampsia, stillbirth, macrosomia, preterm birth, and emergency delivery after pregnancy, pregnancy, and delivery. It also causes long-term complications by inducing type 2 diabetes mellitus in mothers and children. GDM is generally considered a lifestyle disord

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C., Muhas, and Naseef P. P. "A REVIEW ARTICLE-GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 9, no. 1 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2017v9i1.16615.

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care and ongoing patient self-management education and support to prevent acute complications and to reduce the long-term complications. Moderate to severe maternal hyperglycemia in pregnancy has unique diabetes-related risks to mother and her unborn baby. So Gestational Diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a carbohydrate intolerance that is not diabetes that has developed or been discovered for the first time during pregnancy. Approximately 7% of pregnancies are affected by GDM. Patient with GDM are at higher risk for excessive wei

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Jadhav, Deepali S., and Uma N. Wankhede. "Study of maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 7 (2017): 3014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20172926.

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Background: GDM is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Women with gestational diabetes are characterized by a relatively diminished insulin secretion and pregnancy induced insulin resistance primarily present in the skeletal muscle tissue. Normal pregnancy is a diabetogenic state characterized by exaggerated rate and amount of insulin release, associated with decreased sensitivity to insulin at cellular levels. The objective of the study was to study the maternal, the fetal and the neonatal outcomes of treated patients of G

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Crank, Madison N., Jesse N. Cottrell, Brenda L. Mitchell, and Monica A. Valentovic. "Characterization of Fetal Thyroid Levels at Delivery among Appalachian Infants." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9 (2020): 3056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9093056.

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Thyroid disorders are a frequently encountered issue during pregnancy and a cause of maternal and fetal morbidity. In regions like Appalachia that are particularly susceptible to health disparities, descriptive studies are needed to assist in identifying pathologic derangements. We sought to characterize fetal thyroid hormone levels at delivery and investigate whether or not maternal demographic characteristics affect the prevalence of neonatal thyroid disease. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 130 pregnant women recruited from the Tri-State region, incorporating areas of Kentucky, O

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Iyen, Barbara, Luis R. Vaz, Jaspal Taggar, Sue Cooper, Sarah Lewis, and Tim Coleman. "Is the apparently protective effect of maternal nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) used in pregnancy on infant development explained by smoking cessation?: secondary analyses of a randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 9, no. 7 (2019): e024923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024923.

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ObjectiveTo investigate relationships between maternal smoking status in pregnancy and infant development. The largest randomised controlled trial of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation in pregnancy, the smoking, nicotine and pregnancy (SNAP) trial, found that at 1 month after randomisation, smoking cessation rates were doubled in the NRT group compared with the placebo group. At delivery, there was no significant difference in cessation rates between groups. Surprisingly, infants born to women randomised to NRT were more likely to have unimpaired development at 2 years. W

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Havemann-Reinecke, U. "Effects of Smoking, Alcohol and Illicit Drug Misuse on Maternal and Child Outcomes and Acute Management of Treatment." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70315-3.

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Smoking, alcohol and illicit drug misuse during pregnancy lead to toxic harmful consequences for mother and especially for the fetus, neonate or child. In case of misuse of illicit substances pregnant women mostly suffer from polytoxicomania (3 substances and more) and the misuse of illicit substances is often accompanied by severe smoking and drinking of alcohol. Therefore it is often difficult to methodologically differentiate the single toxic effects. Basing on this knowledge in the presentation a view on the single toxic and /or chronic effects of addictive drugs will be given.1.To clarify

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Slotkin, Theodore A., and Frederic J. Seidler. "Mimicking maternal smoking and pharmacotherapy of preterm labor: Fetal nicotine exposure enhances the effect of late gestational dexamethasone treatment on noradrenergic circuits." Brain Research Bulletin 86, no. 5-6 (2011): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.08.009.

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Bertani, André Luís, Thais Garcia, Suzana Erico Tanni, and Irma Godoy. "Preventing smoking during pregnancy: the importance of maternal knowledge of the health hazards and of the treatment options available." Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 41, no. 2 (2015): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37132015000004482.

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OBJECTIVE: To examine the pattern of tobacco use and knowledge about tobacco-related diseases, as well as to identify popular types of electronic media, in pregnant women, in order to improve strategies for the prevention or cessation of smoking among such women. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 61 pregnant women, seen at primary care clinics and at a university hospital, in the city of Botucatu, Brazil. For all subjects, we applied the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. For subjects with a history of smoking, we also applied the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, and we ev

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Awada, Christina, Antonio F. Saporito, Judith T. Zelikoff, and Catherine B. Klein. "E-Cigarette Exposure Alters Neuroinflammation Gene and Protein Expression in a Murine Model: Insights from Perinatally Exposed Offspring and Post-Birth Mothers." Genes 15, no. 3 (2024): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes15030322.

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The use of E-cigarettes, often considered a safer alternative to traditional smoking, has been associated with high rates of cellular toxicity, genetic alterations, and inflammation. Neuroinflammatory impacts of cigarette smoking during pregnancy have been associated with increased risks of adverse childhood health outcomes; however, it is still relatively unknown if the same propensity is conferred on offspring by maternal vaping during gestation. Results from our previous mouse inhalation studies suggest such a connection. In this earlier study, pregnant C57BL/6 mice were exposed daily to in

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Jackson, Melissa A., Amanda L. Brown, Amanda L. Baker, Gillian S. Gould, and Adrian J. Dunlop. "The Incentives to Quit tobacco in Pregnancy (IQuiP) protocol: piloting a financial incentive-based smoking treatment for women attending substance use in pregnancy antenatal services." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (2019): e032330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032330.

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IntroductionWhile tobacco smoking prevalence is falling in many western societies, it remains elevated among high-priority cohorts. Rates up to 95% have been reported in women whose pregnancy is complicated by other substance use. In this group, the potential for poor pregnancy outcomes and adverse physical and neurobiological fetal development are elevated by tobacco smoking. Unfortunately, few targeted and effective tobacco dependence treatments exist to assist cessation in this population. The study will trial an evidence-based, multicomponent tobacco smoking treatment tailored to pregnant

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Lutman-White, Eleanor, Riya Patel, Deborah Lycett, et al. "Implementing E-Cigarettes as an Alternate Smoking Cessation Tool during Pregnancy: A Process Evaluation at Two UK Sites." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 3 (2024): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21030291.

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Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse maternal and foetal health outcomes, with effective smoking cessation support important. E-cigarette use in the general population has increased rapidly in recent years, with their use viewed as an alternate, additional offer to nicotine-replacement therapy and behavioural support. However, their use in pregnancy has limited investigation. This study aimed to understand how two e-cigarette pilots for pregnant women were delivered and implemented. Referrals to the general stop smoking in pregnancy service, as well as pilot enrolment, engage

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Li, Jinxuan, Jianying Xu, Lan Yang, et al. "Mediating Effect of Tobacco Dependence on the Association Between Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Case-Control Study." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 10 (February 22, 2024): e53170. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/53170.

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Background Maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) is a known risk factor for offspring developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Objective This study aimed to explore whether the increased COPD risk associated with MSDP could be attributed to tobacco dependence (TD). Methods This case-control study used data from the nationwide cross-sectional China Pulmonary Health study, with controls matched for age, sex, and smoking status. TD was defined as smoking within 30 minutes of waking, and the severity of TD was assessed using the Fage

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Gómez-Ruiz, Larissa-María, Emilia Marchei, Maria Concetta Rotolo, et al. "Prevalence of Licit and Illicit Drugs Use during Pregnancy in Mexican Women." Pharmaceuticals 15, no. 3 (2022): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15030382.

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For the first time, the present study employed hair testing to investigate the prevalence of classical drugs of abuse and new psychoactive substances use during gestation in a cohort of 300 Mexican pregnant women. An interview was conducted to collect data on sociodemographic aspects of the patients, and a 9 cm-long hair strand was taken from the back of the head of each mother one month after delivery. A validated ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry method was used for the screening of classic drugs, new psychoactive substances, and medications in ma

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Mukhopadhyay, Partha, Tara Sankar Bag, Amit Kyal, Dipta Prasun Saha, and Noori Khalid. "Oral Hypoglycemic Glibenclamide: Can it be a Substitute to Insulin in the Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus? A Comparative Study." Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 4, no. 1 (2012): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1167.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Gestational diabetes is a common medical disorder in pregnancy. So long, it has been usually treated by insulin. Now it has been found that oral glibenclamide can be used instead of insulin with similar glycemic control and without any adverse maternal and fetal effect. Methods A comparative study between oral glibenclamide and insulin for the management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was conducted. It was a prospective randomized study and patients attending the antenatal clinic were screened with 75 gm oral glucose between 20 to 28 weeks and GDM was diagnosed ba

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Cooper, Sue, Sarah Lewis, James G. Thornton, et al. "The SNAP trial: a randomised placebo-controlled trial of nicotine replacement therapy in pregnancy – clinical effectiveness and safety until 2 years after delivery, with economic evaluation." Health Technology Assessment 18, no. 54 (2014): 1–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta18540.

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BackgroundSmoking during pregnancy causes many adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is effective for cessation outside pregnancy but efficacy and safety in pregnancy are unknown. We hypothesised that NRT would increase smoking cessation in pregnancy without adversely affecting infants.ObjectivesTo compare (1) at delivery, the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness for achieving biochemically validated smoking cessation of NRT patches with placebo patches in pregnancy and (2) in infants at 2 years of age, the effects of maternal NRT patch use with plac

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Bailey, L'tanya J., Malcolm C. Johnston, and Josephus Billet. "Effects of Carbon Monoxide and Hypoxia on Cleft Lip in A/J Mice." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 32, no. 1 (1995): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1995_032_0014_eocmah_2.3.co_2.

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Epidemiologic evidence indicates an increase in cleft lip with or without cleft palate [CL(P)] in infants of mothers who smoke cigarettes. It appears that the principle mechanism is through carbon monoxide (CO) decreasing the oxygen (O2) available to the embryo. Previous studies have shown that maternal respiratory hypoxia can increase the incidence of CL(P) in mice. The present investigation was designed to analyze the effects of altered levels of CO and O2 in respiratory gases on the incidence of CL(P) in genetically susceptible A/J mice. Results from blood gas analysis, after a 24-hour expo

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Schiffer, Hans, Josephine Atienza, Holly Reichard, et al. "S180. THE SELECTIVE GPR139 AGONIST TAK-041 REVERSES ANHEDONIA AND SOCIAL INTERACTION DEFICITS IN RODENT MODELS RELATED TO NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (2020): S106—S107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.246.

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Abstract Background Negative symptoms in schizophrenia (SCZ) are poorly treated and interfere with the function of patients. Studies focusing on structural and functional imaging and non-invasive electrophysiology implicate perturbations of the frontocortico-temporal circuits and disruption of cortico-striatal loops to negative symptoms in SCZ. GPR139 is an orphan GPCR that is specifically expressed in the CNS and enriched in the habenula, a brain structure involved in reward and motivation. Structural and functional alterations of the habenula have been found in SCZ patients, who show deficit

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Allers, E., E. Allers, O. A. Betancourt, et al. "SASOP Biological Psychiatry Congress 2013 Abstracts." South African Journal of Psychiatry 19, no. 3 (2013): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v19i3.473.

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<p><strong>List of abstracts and authors:</strong></p><p><strong>1. Bipolar disorder not otherwise specified -overdiagnosed or underdiagnosed?</strong></p><p>E Allers</p><p><strong>2. The prognosis of major depression untreated and treated: Does the data reflect the true picture of the prognosis of this very common disorder?</strong></p><p>E Allers</p><p><strong>3. Can we prolong our patients' life expectancy? Providing a better quality of life for patients with severe mental illness<

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C.H., Venkata Suneel Kumar, and Sivasankar R. "Study of prenatal exposure to 4-tetra octyl phenol on lipid peroxidation and activity levels of anti-oxidant enzymes in the testis of mature rats." Biolife 4, no. 4 (2022): 715–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350845.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> 4-tert-Octylphenol (OP) is major degradations products of alkylphenol ethoxylates. These chemicals are found in the waste water and sludge of sewage treatment works and river sediments. Alkylphenols are also found in drinking water.  Thus, alkylphenols are widely dispersed in the environment. Several alkylphenols, including 4-tert-octylphenol have included altered sex hormone levels and hypothalamic-pituitary outcomes, impaired spermatogenesis 4-tert-octylphenol is not considered directly genotoxic. The present study aims at evaluating the effects of prenatal exp

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Chen, Ze-wen, Yi-fan Li, Hai-long Qiu, et al. "Maternal Electronic Cigarette Exposure Induces Dysregulation of Autophagy via Oxidative Stress/DNA Methylation in Pulmonary Hypertension Offspring." Current Medical Science, June 24, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-025-00074-8.

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Abstract Objective Electronic cigarettes (ECs) differ from traditional tobacco smoke but may contribute to cardiopulmonary remodeling. Pulmonary hypertension (PH), characterized by pulmonary artery and right ventricle remodeling, poses a significant risk of mortality in infants, children, and adolescents. However, the impact of maternal EC exposure on PH development in offspring remains unclear. To address this, we established a PH rat model with maternal EC exposure. Methods Maternal EC exposure was initiated on gestation day 12 via electronic nicotine delivery systems. Offspring were adminis

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Kouhkan, Azam, Hamid Reza Baradaran, Roya Hosseini, et al. "Assisted conception as a potential prognostic factor predicting insulin therapy in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus." Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 17, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12958-019-0525-4.

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Abstract Background Advanced maternal age, family history of diabetes, pre-gestational obesity, increased level of HbA1c, history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and poor pregnancy consequences are considered risk factors for antenatal insulin requirement in women with GDM. However, the role of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in increasing the risk of insulin therapy in pregnancies complicated with GDM remained elusive. The current study aimed to determine the role of ART in predicting insulin therapy in GDM women and investigate the clinical and biochemical factors predicting t

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Xie, Yana, Yang Fang, Yitian Liu, et al. "Electroacupuncture may protect pulmonary dysplasia in offspring with perinatal nicotine exposure by altering maternal gut microbiota and metabolites." Frontiers in Microbiology 15 (January 9, 2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1465673.

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BackgroundPerinatal nicotine exposure (PNE) induces pulmonary dysplasia in offspring and it increases the risk of respiratory diseases both in offspring and across generations. The maternal gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can regulate fetal lung development and are susceptible to nicotine exposure. Therefore, modulation of PNE-induced changes in maternal gut microbiota and SCFAs may prevent the occurrence of pulmonary dysplasia in offspring.ObjectiveOur previous studies demonstrated that electroacupuncture (EA) ameliorated PNE-induced impairment in

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Raez-Villanueva, Sergio, Amrita Debnath, Daniel B. Hardy, and Alison C. Holloway. "Prenatal nicotine exposure leads to decreased histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methylation and increased p66shc expression in the neonatal pancreas." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, May 28, 2021, 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174421000283.

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Abstract Prenatal exposure to nicotine, tobacco’s major addictive constituent, has been shown to reduce birth weight and increases apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the postnatal pancreas. Given that upregulated levels of the pro-oxidative adapter protein p66shc is observed in growth-restricted offspring and is linked to beta-cell apoptosis, the goal of this study was to investigate whether alterations in p66shc expression underlie the pancreatic deficits in nicotine-exposed offspring. Maternal administration of nicotine in rats increased p66shc expression in the ne

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Torabi, Reza, Serena Jenkins, Allonna Harker, Ian Q. Whishaw, Robbin Gibb, and Artur Luczak. "A Neural Network Reveals Motoric Effects of Maternal Preconception Exposure to Nicotine on Rat Pup Behavior: A New Approach for Movement Disorders Diagnosis." Frontiers in Neuroscience 15 (July 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.686767.

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Neurodevelopmental disorders can stem from pharmacological, genetic, or environmental causes and early diagnosis is often a key to successful treatment. To improve early detection of neurological motor impairments, we developed a deep neural network for data-driven analyses. The network was applied to study the effect of maternal nicotine exposure prior to conception on 10-day-old rat pup motor behavior in an open field task. Female Long-Evans rats were administered nicotine (15 mg/L) in sweetened drinking water (1% sucralose) for seven consecutive weeks immediately prior to mating. The neural

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Spin, Joshua M., Wen-Jun Shen, Sohil Chavan, et al. "Abstract 3005: Transgenerational Impact Of E-cigarette Nicotine Vaping On Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 44, Suppl_1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvb.44.suppl_1.3005.

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Background: Smoking and family history are major risk factors for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Smoking is a powerful modulator of DNA methylation, and nicotine can cause heritable epigenetic alterations in animals and humans. We found that nicotine infusion and e-cigarette (e-cig) vaping augment murine AAA, and that parental nicotine infusion augments model AAA in offspring, altering tissue DNA methylation patterns. Hypothesis: We investigated the effects of maternal e-cig vaping in mice on their offspring’s experimental AAA risk, and transgenerational DNA methylation. Methods: Two treatme

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Davis, Daniel Dewitt, Raquel Chamorro-Garcia, and Carlos Diaz-Castillo. "SAT640 Maternal Preconception Exposure Leads To The Propagation Of Disease." Journal of the Endocrine Society 7, Supplement_1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvad114.1079.

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Abstract Disclosure: D.D. Davis: None. R. Chamorro-Garcia: None. C. Diaz-Castillo: None. Tobacco products harbor a heterogeneous cluster of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that can lead to many adverse health effects, including obesity and other metabolic diseases. During critical developmental windows, exposure to EDCs found in tobacco products, including inorganic arsenic (iAs) and nicotine, can increase susceptibility to these diseases. An understudied window of significant influence on the susceptibility to developing adverse health effects in future generations is during maternal pr

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Dwyer, Jennifer B., Anjelica Cardenas, Ryan M. Franke, et al. "Prenatal nicotine sex-dependently alters adolescent dopamine system development." Translational Psychiatry 9, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-019-0640-1.

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AbstractDespite persistent public health initiatives, many women continue to smoke during pregnancy. Since maternal smoking has been linked to persisting sex-dependent neurobehavioral deficits in offspring, some consider nicotine to be a safer alternative to tobacco during pregnancy, and the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems is on the rise. We presently show, however, that sustained exposure to low doses of nicotine during fetal development, approximating plasma levels seen clinically with the nicotine patch, produces substantial changes in developing corticostriatal dopamine systems

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Bohn, Natalie, Victoria Humphrey, and Natalia Omelchenko-Comer. "Effects of Nicotine on Chicken Embryonic Development." Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science 89, no. 2 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.55632/pwvas.v89i2.149.

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A large proportion of the United States population has been exposed to maternal smoking in utero. Mounting data suggests that nicotine can have a negative impact on neural system development. The goal of this study was to evaluate effects of nicotine exposure on chicken neural system. The early chick embryo is an established model of the first month of embryonic development in mammals. Nicotine (nicotine hydrogen bitartrate) or vehicle (sodium bitartrate monohydrate) solutions were injected in eggs prior to incubation (300ng/ml). Three cohorts of 24 eggs distributed between treatment groups we

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BANE, SHALMALI S., EMILY F. LIU, MARA GREENBERG, ROMAIN NEUGEBAUER, and MONIQUE M. HEDDERSON. "62-OR: How Does Progression to Pharmacologic Treatment of GDM Vary by Race/Ethnicity?" Diabetes 74, Supplement_1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.2337/db25-62-or.

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Introduction and Objective: Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is the first line of treatment for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); failing this, pharmacologic treatment is recommended. Racial/ethnic disparities in diagnosis of GDM and progression to T2D exist, but little is known about disparities in progression to medication. We conducted a time-to-event analysis of progression to any GDM medication by race/ethnicity. Methods: We identified GDM singleton pregnancies (2008-2023) among patients ≥18 years, with no prior diabetes and medical coverage from 1 year before pregnancy in an integrated

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Dunne, F., C. Newman, D. Devane, et al. "A randomised placebo-controlled trial of the effectiveness of early metformin in addition to usual care in the reduction of gestational diabetes mellitus effects (EMERGE): study protocol." Trials 23, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13063-022-06694-y.

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Abstract Background Pregnancies affected by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and foetal outcomes. Current treatments for GDM involve initial medical nutritional therapy (MNT) and exercise and pharmacotherapy in those with persistent hyperglycaemia. Insulin is considered first-line pharmacotherapy but is associated with hypoglycaemia, excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and an increased caesarean delivery rate. Metformin is safe in selected groups of women with GDM but is not first-line therapy in many guidelines due to a lack of

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Han, Xinjia, Wei Li, Ping Li та ін. "Stimulation of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by Nicotine Suppresses Decidual M1 Macrophage Polarization Against Inflammation in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Preeclampsia-Like Mouse Model". Frontiers in Immunology 12 (28 квітня 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.642071.

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Changes in decidual macrophage polarization affect local inflammatory microenvironment and lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the regulatory mechanism of macrophage polarization in preeclampsia (PE) remains unclear. In this study, we found that α7nAChR expression was significantly down-regulated in decidual macrophages in PE patients compared to normal pregnant women, accompanied by a reduced proportion of M2 phenotype and an increased proportion of M1 phenotype; these results suggested that the reduced α7nAChR activity might contribute to changes in the polarization of decidual macr

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"Factors associated with moderate to high nicotine dependence in a sample of pregnant women from Romania." Romanian Journal of Applied Psychology 21, no. 2 (2019): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24913/rjap.21.2.03.

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The objective of this paper was to identify the factors associated with moderate to high nicotine dependence in a sample of pregnant smokers from Romania. Data was collected through an ongoing cross-sectional pilot study from 130 pregnant smokers. The questionnaire included five main sections: socio-demographic information, medical and reproductive history, alcohol and smoking behaviors, emotional health and information regarding the relationship with the partner. Older age, first pregnancy, a negative screening for anxiety and depression, and negative partner interactions related to smoking w

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Zafar, Hijab, Maria Binte Sarfraz, Muhammad Mazhar, Saman Fatima, Muhammad Zain ul Hasan, and Arsalan Rasheed. "Progesterone Aids in Alleviation of Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms: A Systematic Review." World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine 20, no. 12 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2022.95251476.

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Background: A systematic review of studies on progesterone’s usage in the cure of nicotine craving was undertaken. Progesterone is a steroid hormone that influences the reproductive system as well as -Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors, glycine, kainite, and nicotinic receptors. It is thought that progesterone might help with nicotine withdrawal symptoms in addicted people. Method: Two authors completed the literature search independently using the Boolean search approach and searching key terms (i.e. progesterone AND treat*, drug addiction AND withdrawal, smok*, nicotine), screened th

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Mulorz, Joscha U., Pireyatharsheny Mulorz, YaeHyun Rhee, Markus Wagenhaeuser, Philip S. Tsao, and Joshua M. Spin. "Abstract 128: Nicotine Transgenerationally Alters Gene Methylation And Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Risk." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 41, Suppl_1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvb.41.suppl_1.128.

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Significance: Both smoking and family history are major risk factors for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Smoking is a powerful modulator of DNA methylation, and nicotine alone can cause heritable epigenetic alterations in animal models and humans. Nicotine also increases aortic stiffness, predisposing towards AAA. We investigated the effects of parental nicotine exposure in mice on their offspring’s risk for experimental AAA and on transgenerational DNA methylation. Methods: Male and female Apo E-/- mice (F0) were exposed to subcutaneous nicotine (25 mg/kg/day) or saline infusion for 28 days.

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Su, Yu‐Qing, Yan Lin, Shu‐Jing Huang, et al. "Pyroptosis is involved in maternal nicotine exposure‐induced metabolic associated fatty liver disease progression in offspring mice." Molecular Reproduction and Development, November 28, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.23719.

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AbstractWe have investigated whether inflammasomes and pyroptosis are activated in maternal nicotine exposure (MNE) offspring mice and whether they are involved in MNE‐promoted metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in adult offspring. We injected pregnant mice subcutaneously with saline vehicle or nicotine twice a day on gestational days 11–21. Offspring mice from both groups were fed with a normal diet (ND) or a high‐fat diet (HFD) for 6 months at postnatal day 21 to develop the MAFLD model. Serum biochemical indices were analyzed, and liver histology was performed. The expression

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Young, Dylan, Bita Houshmand, Chunyi Christie Tan, et al. "Predicting adverse outcomes in pregnant patients positive for SARS-CoV-2: a machine learning approach- a retrospective cohort study." BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 23, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-023-05679-2.

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Abstract Background Pregnant people are particularly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection and to ensuing severe illness. Predicting adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes could aid clinicians in deciding on hospital admission and early initiation of treatment in affected individuals, streamlining the triaging processes. Methods An international repository of 1501 SARS-CoV-2-positive cases in pregnancy was created, consisting of demographic variables, patient comorbidities, laboratory markers, respiratory parameters, and COVID-19-related symptoms. Data were filtered, preprocessed, and feature se

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Huhulea, Ellen N., Lillian Huang, Esewi Aifuwa, William H. Frishman, and Wilbert S. Aronow. "Cardiac Manifestations in Children of Diabetic Mothers and Fathers." Cardiology in Review, March 3, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1097/crd.0000000000000887.

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Diabetic individuals of reproductive age face higher risks of poor pregnancy outcomes and abnormal fetal development. Approximately 4.5% of women of reproductive age have diabetes, with non-Hispanic Black women having the highest prevalence of 15%. Research on the impact of paternal diabetes on offspring cardiac anomalies is limited, but it may interact with metabolic syndrome to increase long-term health risks. Infants of diabetic parents are more likely to develop cyanotic and acyanotic heart defects, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and subsequently other cardiovascular issues. Fetal hyperinsul

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Hurley, Audra, Lainey Shouldis, Canyon Alkire, et al. "Offspring survival is influenced by xanthine oxidase inhibition in combination with maternal vaping during pregnancy in mice." Physiology 40, S1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.2025.40.s1.1409.

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Maternal exposure to electronic cigarettes (Ecigs) is found to reduce litter size at birth andweaning in rodents. We have previously observed that febuxostat (a xanthine oxidase inhibitor) mediates recovery of vascular dysfunction in offspring with a history of in utero exposure to Ecigs from maternal vaping while pregnant. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that treatment of febuxostat concomitant with maternal vaping during pregnancy would prevent or mitigate adverse reproductive and/or offspring outcomes. We exposed time-mated pregnant C57Bl/6J mice to Ecig aerosol and febuxostat [Febx

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