Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Maternité – Aspect psychologique – Sénégal'
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Sow, Khoudia. "De l'exception à la "normalisation" : Anthropologie de la santé reproductive confrontée au VIH au Sénégal." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3048.
Full textSince the last decade has seen a transition from treating childbearing in the context of HIV as an “exception” to a discourse of “normalization,” this dissertation aims to understand the conditions and effects of this change. This ethnographic survey was conducted over a period of ten years among people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy, women living with HIV who experienced childbearing and healthcare professionals working in PMTCT in two reproductive health facilities in Senegal. This study sheds lights on a “moral system” for HIV prevention, contradictory in some respects, that provides women few socially acceptable means to protect themselves from the risk of HIV. Childbearing may be perceived as a strategy to reaffirm female identity, test the capacity of a body made “normal” by ARVs to give birth without transmitting HIV, strengthening strained marital bonds, and reducing the risk of social stigmatization. Men living with HIV appear isolated, fragile, unsupported, and even “forgotten” relative to childbearing while they themselves are suffering or are affected by the situations of their wives or families. Health professionals now integrate HIV counseling and testing in their practices but continue to project attitudes of “exception” about treating PLHIV and pregnant HIV-Positive women. This study shows the various social uses of childbearing : a subject leading to emulation, resistance, suffering, and rivalry for women living with HIV and their spouses. Alongside the normalization “decreed” by public health officials, women living with HIV have reclaimed the possibility to procreate
Peloille, Geneviève. "Fantasmes de maternité chez l'homme : un itinéraire freudien." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070044.
Full textThe creation of a group of fathers in maternity wards has met the request of fathers to be who needed to get prepared to the birth of their child, and the institutional project to hear and support the parents operated with the Centre of Psychoanalytical and Medical Research of the UFR Paris 7. As the meetings went by, the almost continual emergence of phantasms of motherhood, often associated with physical symptoms, showed the necessity of this research work on the stakes of such a phantasm. Myths or rites of various origins and individual mythology match each other. Moreover, the echo between phantasms in some of Freud's dreams when he was confronted with fatherhood and those of fathers to be suggests that, far from indicating a pathological behaviour, they belong to the process of accession to fatherhood. The traces of the original intercourse and of the child sexual theories are rekindled when they expect a child, who represents a narcissistic promise pregnant with wishes of immortality, but also a rival. These modifications take place according to the history and identifications of each one. The phantasms of motherhood put one to the test of human knowledge on our origins, on the differences between the sexes and on the power women have to give birth. Thus, men also question their woman alter ego on what themselves are not and never will be. It turns out that the speaking space the father to be is offered helps the working out of his near paternity. This space entitles him to express his own part of femininity and his finiteness, both being a source of disturbing strangeness and, sometimes, of severe disorders. It allows afterwards to free words that could not have come out within the private space of the couple. It works in favour of the creation of a space through which the father can be with the mother without replacing her and welcome the child. As a father, biological of not, he is called to recognize the child to come as his. His very presence in the group already indicates his "being a father"
Grangereau, Isabelle. "Constructions psychiques de la maternité : dimensions cliniques, anthropologiques et sociales." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100023.
Full textThis thesis examines the psychological task confronting women when they become mothers. This dynamic process leads to a psychological construction of maternity specific to each subject. However, we show that collectiv models infiltrate the mothers’ subjective constructions. These models can fulfil different psychological functions depending on the women, arising from the subjectivisation process at work
MARQUEZ, PENA KENYA ROSSANA. "Ccontribution à l'étude psychanalytique de l'inceste et sa relation avec le désir d'enfant." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA131043.
Full textTheoretical and clinical thesis (from a psychoanalytic point of view) wich studies the desire route through incest to lead finally to the child desire (desir d'enfant in french). 1st part : methodological basis, clinical example; my experience, questions, its demands, my difficulties and thougts. General points on incest (above all father-daugther): parental and social psycho-dynamics;" typical" incest, problematics (counter-transference, the role of the law, dynamics and function of secret, etc. ), the incest (accomplished and psychic), analytical position (and role). 2nd part : i review the terms and classifications of the incest : the penal and civil codes (mexican and french), international diagnotic categories; i go deeper into the prohibition, the tabou and the interdict (psychic causes and fonctions), the infringement (disobey ou transgression in french) and the unspeakable nature of the incest. I suggest and explain in detail the existence of a psychic law including the incest prohibition (interdit in french). 3rd part : i treat the desire and the child desire; term and connotations in german, french, english and spanish (definitions, implications, freud's "kinderwunsch"), the desire and the child need (besoin d'enfant in french); the inceste interdit (interdiction in french) "in uterus", the relation between : desire - child, desire and incest, the incest desire, the incest fantasy, the penis desire, the baby as an incestuous acting; the incest and the child desir (coexistence and limits) according to maternity, sublimation, genesis of the child desire, filiation (biological and symbolic), the name (importance and function). I go deeper into the question : is the child desir a penis desire, incest transmutation, a sublimation or a phase in the woman development ? i have explored the child desire and its relation with incest, when it is influenced by modern technics of procreation, wich lead sometimes to the negation of some incests and wich reinforce various psychic fantasies, the survival of the incest interdict and the psychic price. 4th part : conclusion (in french and spanish), suggestions for latter studies, summaries, bibliographie and annexes (cases and the aztec ticitl" the identification mother", therapeutic option ?
Paume, Nadine. "Anesthésie péridurale et accouchement : une représentation sociale et idéologique de la maternité : étude des stratégies cognitives de "résistance" et de "contournement de cette résistance" à des technologies biomédicales nouvelles." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100132.
Full textBy practices they allow, the new biomedical technologies bring up to discussion the systems of representations and beliefs of the human being, they especially compel to ask the question of what is "natural" to the man. The central hypothesis of this research is that, coping with information relating to these technologies, the individual elaborates cognitive strategies in order to insert the use of these technics, yet preserving his fundamental representations intact. The technic of the peridural anaesthesia adapted at the delivery has been retained as topic. A set of four nearly-experimentations has allowed to differently modulate, with the help of experimental protocols, the representation of the divery, of the technic used for the delivery. . . By filling a questionnaire the subjects (young women without child) had to evaluate the risks for the woman and the child, as well as the moral legitimacy of the technic. This research has allowed to point out that, confronted with delivery peridural anaesthesia, the subject develops two distinct cognitive strategies subtented by two systems of representations. A strategy of "resistance to" the peridural anaesthesia. The underlaying representation is the natural delivery: the woman must no make use of any technical method. She therefore suffers to become a mother. A strategy of "bypassing of this resistance". The underlaying representation is the artificial delivery (or medicalsed): the peridural anaesthesia is possible but only under certain conditions (if it has been prescribed by a phycisian, if it suppresses the pain but not the other sensations of the delivery, if it concerns the third child of the woman rather than the first. . . )
VERDON, MORAIS PESSOA IONE CRISTINa. ""quand la peinture exorcise une maternite souhaitee"." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010552.
Full text"from an obsessional wish for motherhood to a realisation and a conclusion of this project by passing from an imaginary pugnancy to a real pugnancy". A woman wants to show than obsession and wish to be mother can lead her to realize a project of thesis. She begans to exorcise an imaginary pugnancy through paintings. She finishes the last linen which represent her phantasmed bringing forth. And then, she becomes with child. It is a surprising and rare event in her situation because she had exorcised several years of maternal obsession. Eight great and conscious moments of her real pugnancy wil be born during this period. They will be her allegory and her life drawned by eight paints. It looked for an answer to a personnal and worried problematic. Shall i be able to exorcise this obsessional wish of pugnancy through paintings?
Santiago-Fauvin, Marie. "Une passion du vouloir-mère ? : répétitions et dégagement des demandes dans les fécondations in vitro." Paris 13, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA131004.
Full text"in vitro fertilization", as an infantile sexual theory now medically understood and socially permitted, and specically repeated demands are the signs of a specific psychosexual constitution in its relations ship with procreation and at the same time enable such a constitution. The latter, wich appears when one analyzes the discourses, is characterized by a range of enunciations between both its extremities that "referee object" and that of the "meaningful representation" : all these are organized around key points : loss, the avoidance of feminity, the over-potency of medical phallic mother. The symbolical process which enables one to move from the child as a "referee object" to that the child as a "meaningful representation" seems to be liable to exist only if three conditions are at hand : a doubt about the medical phallic power, the cropping up of a death anxiety and the resolving speech act of the husband
Savet, Alain. "La maternité comme processus réparateur : contribution à l'étude de la maternité célibataire comme sexualité compensatrice." Toulouse 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU20076.
Full textThe analysis of the speech that is carried out concerns the transcribed talks of three women -unmarried mothers- two of whom being placed in an institution and the other outside, without any aid whatsoever. The analysis of the speech encompasses the process of personaliza- tion and socialization of these joung women, essentially in their relationships with their family and professional environment and in institutions. The handicap concerning these processes constituted by the intrapsychic interindividual and social crises lived through by these women is considered through the expression of their desire for compensation and for social changes. The identity problematics (feminity, motherhood), the evolution of the child's desire interpreted as childhood desire, finally the organiser that the male referent seems to constitute in the imaginary of these women, all the more present in the imagination as it is absent in the daily realities and all the more inconsistent in the life plans as it has not fulfilled its real fonction as a genitor. . . Constitue the organizing axes of the analysis and the theoretical elaboration. The latter arises from the fundamental concepts of psychoanalysis and genetic psychology. The historical, sociological and legal foundations of the condi- tions of the present giving of aid unmarried mothers constitute part of this work
Gallois, Thomas. "Influence des états émotionnels durant la grossesse sur les représentations maternelles et l'attachement prénatal." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05H085.
Full textMany recent studies highlight that prenatal stress, anxiety and depression can lead women to give birth earlier and to have newborns with lower birth weight. In turn, these conditions may have a negative impact on later childhood development. In a longitudinal study of 53 pregnant women, the current study examined mothers' emotions during pregnancy and its consequences. Furthermore, this work explored the effect of mothers' emotional state on maternal representations and mother's prenatal attachment. Results indicate, for the first time, that high levels of perceived stress, state-anxiety or depression are significantly linked with less positive representations by future mothers of their child and their position as a mother, as well as reduced prenatal attachment. Given the stability of this disturbance in postpartum, our results raise the issue of the impact of a mother's emotional state during pregnancy on the quality of early interaction quality, the latter possibly linked to problems in child development
Meschia, Karen. "Meres et enfants : une etude comparee des representations de la maternite en france et en angleterre." Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20092.
Full textAlthough giving birth is a biological act, the attitudes and behaviour surrounding the birth and upbringing of children are culturally, socially and historically situated. An analysis of the discourse of two groups of mothers, one frence, one english reveals the existence of two different constructions of the maternal role and the needs of young children
Avanzo, Sylvie. "Accompagnement à l'élaboration psychologique de la maternité. : problématiques et enjeux." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2165.
Full textThe psychological accompaniment of motherhood is one area of development that has contributed to improve the quality and safety of perinatal care. The early prenatal interview of the fourth month (the EPP of the 4th month) is offered to all pregnant women and expectant parents, in order to initiate a dialogue and surface vulnerabilities. In my private practice as a psychologist, I have observed that several young mothers asking for accompaniment after delivery, suffer from a psychological pain and express a need for support, which were already present during their pregnancy, but which were not attended to by the midwife or doctor.Is the psychological dimension in the EPP, or during prenatal visits to the doctor, only taken into account in the case of pregnant women, whose fragility is obvious? Are the states of psychological discomfort felt by pregnant women, which are not obvious, but deserve a psychologist support, easily identified by the midwife or doctor during the EPP or prenatal visits? The answers to these questions are based on three following studies assessing: (a) the perceived usefulness of the EPP by expectant mothers who availed of it; (b) the way midwives lead the EPP; (c) the nature and causes of painful emotional states felt during pregnancy by some expectant mothers, who would have needed a support that did not materialize.Several recommendations are made to improve the response to the need for psychological support in pregnant women, some more suited to the hospital environment and others geared toward midwives and doctors operating in private practices
Gauthier-Légaré, Audrey. "Stress et transitions à la maternité: liens avec les événements de vie et la sensibilité maternelle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69244.
Full textThe study of stress is now well established and has been linked to many different aspects of human development. A plethora of studies have shown the effects of stress on different dimensions of adjustment. Specifically, there is an increasing interest in the study of the stress of mothers, who carry the child during the prenatal period and who spend much time with the infant during the early months following birth. However, there are different conceptions of stress and different methods used to operationalize it, making it difficult to draw clear conclusions regarding links between maternal stress and infant and child outcome. Two ideas are specifically addressed in the present dissertation. First, the concept of stress is anchored in the notion that different events require adaptation on the part of individuals and, as such, that the experience of stress is somehow linked to the events with which an individual is confronted. However, the associations between the occurrence of events and the subjective assessments of stress that are grounded in cognitive appraisals of the adaptational requirements and the resources available to cope with such challenges, vary greatly across studies. This is true in the general study of stress, as in the study of parental stress specifically. Second, with respect to maternal stress, studies have mostly focused on very specific time periods to the exclusions of others, in spite of the basic observation that experiences of stress are both linked to, and vary from, experiences of stress at other times of parenthood. With the focus on specific time periods, it is difficult to draw conclusions regarding the evolution of the experience of stress across parenthood and its association to caregiving behavior and child outcome. The goals of this dissertation are two-fold: First, a meta-analysis is conducted to examine the association between objective, event-based measures of stress and subjective, cognitive appraisal-based assessments of stress, while considering different moderating variables. Results reveal a moderate association between the two broad categories of stress measures. However, moderator analyses show that very high associations are found between the experience of negative life events and emotional-state-based indices of self-reports of stress, whereas the association with trait-based reports of stress are virtually non-existent. This is an important finding in light of the frequency at which trait-based assessments are used. Second, the association between events and subjective indicators of stress are greater v in Western countries, in comparison to studies conducted in Asia, suggesting important cultural components to our understanding of this association. Second, a longitudinal study involving 4 different time points covering the last trimester of pregnancy and infant age 16 months was conducted to determine whether there were individual differences in trajectories of stress across the transition to parenthood. Four groups of mothers were identified. For statistical reasons, two of these trajectories, involving atypical patterns of stress across time and very high levels of stress at a given time point, were combined to create 3 different groups. Analyses revealed that this atypical group experienced greater levels of negative life events than the other two groups, and were observed to be significantly less sensitive during interactions with their infant in a home visit completed at infant age 8 months. This finding supports the coherence of the stress experience during the transition to motherhood and the notion that stress is related to the manner in which mothers interact with their infants during the postnatal period. These findings illustrate the importance of maternal stress as a marker of the child’s developmental ecology, during both the prenatal and postnatal periods, and underline that to appropriately understand maternal stress and its impact on child outcome, repeated measures involving the transition to motherhood are required.
Jari-Benbady, Atiqa. "La stérilité et les dysfonctions sexuelles chez le couple libanais." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/benbady_a.
Full textThe aim of this research is to study the relation that may exist between sterility and sexual dysfunctions in the Lebanese couple. Sixty couples with primary and secondary sterility from different socio-cultural environment were interviewed by the researcher herself at Hotel-Dieu hospital in Beirut. The aim of this study is to answer the various psychological questions. Results of this study reveal that the desire to have a child is not only submitted to unconscious phenomena but also to social conditions. Sexual disorders are not directly caused by infertility, patients who came for clinical consultation had already suffered of these disorders since their marriage, forty two cases over sixty had sexual dysfunctions; frigidity fourteen cases, frigidity and dyspareunia twenty-one cases, dyspareunia three cases, vaginismus four cases, impotence three cases, any case of premature ejaculation. The success of therapy ameliorates conjugal relation but does not ameliorate sexuality in couples because women who had children, and those who can procreate both remain inhibited sexually and they always said that they are frigid. Medically assisted procreation remains a therapeutic non demanded by patients
Diop-Barry, Ismahan Soukeyna. "Hystérectomie, mastectomie et statut de la femme au Sénégal." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUEL016.
Full textHysterectomy and mastectomy undermine the integrity of women's body and mind, on the maternal as well as on the feminine aspect. This research, undergone in the town of Dakar (Senegal), aims to understand their consequences on the Senegalese woman, emphasizing the particularities of this cultural environment and the social representations on women status. We gathered the impressions of Senegalese women, who have undergone these surgeries, through clinical interviews conducted immediately after the surgery, and within a year later. Our goal was to highlight the implications of hysterectomy and mastectomy and to identify the psychological processes at work in this situation. This research allowed us to demonstrate that mastectomy has a heavier impact on body image, and that sexual functioning is a major concern in most subjects, because of consequences regarding self-esteem and postoperative pain experienced as frightening for the subjects. It underlined that the operation is experienced as a castration in the reality of the subject, from a parental superego instance, due to a fault he has made. This research has also shown that hysterectomy and mastectomy imply a narcissistic injury among Senegalese women, because of the importance of the body that is specific to this culture, and the phallic properties of breast and uterus. This narcissistic injury has a impact on the relationship that women have with their environment and particularly with men. The feminine and the maternal are highlighted in Senegalese culture, but illness and operation, let appear a gap with the cultural rules that determine the order of their expression
Bayle, Benoît. "La nouvelle scène conceptionnelle : contribution à l’éthique de la procréation humaine." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MARN0388.
Full textMerle-Sperta, Françoise. "Désir d'enfant chez l'adolescente en situation d'interrupton volontaire de grossesse ou en situation de grossesse menée à terme." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10038.
Full textHanot, Catherine. "Maternité substitutive après la crise du milieu de la vie." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100002.
Full textAs a solution to the problem of finding parental substitutes, foster parents assume an important role. Confining the scope of this research to foster mothers who have either reached or passed the mid-life crisis, the writer intends to carry out a psychological study of these late vocations. The first argument put forward concerns the question of bereavement. The hypothesis considered is that the child placed in care (with foster parents) becomes a part of the recovery process for the bereaved foster mother, allowing her to overcome the "depressive period". The second argument concerns the problematic relationship of the foster mother with the children. The third argument considers the possibility that these women reproduce their own "family story" by adopting this profession. Throughout this research, the writer has sought to bring out the motives underlying the decision to look after these children who have been place in the care of the children's department of the social services by the courts
Boukhalfa, Naïma. "Les troubles dépressifs pendant la grossesse et leurs impacts possibles sur le développement de l'enfant : approches psychodynamique et neuroscientifique." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070047.
Full textThe relationship between child psychiatry, general psychiatry and the perinatal network of the Val d'Oise has allowed the realization of a study about the specificities of antenatal depression and its potentiel impact on the development of the child to corne, taking into account a poly factorial context. This study included 439 pregnant women, and secondarily their baby. It objectified actual clinical psychopathological, neuro scientific, therapeutical and classificatory characteristics of prenatal depression. It emphasized the relevance of antenatal detection and following in the evolutionary perspective. It led to the development of a self-administered questionnaire as a screening tool for depression during pregnancy. The exhaustiveness of the number of dyads / triads included, and the diachronic of the following from pregnancy to the end of the first year of the child, have identified certain factors which intersect at the time of a disturbance of the baby development. In this case, it concerns the impact of early emotional relationship on affective, cognitive and cerebral development. This study specificity is the both psychodynamic and neuroscientificic integrative approach
Chacon, Echeverria Laura. "Le désir d'enfant de la petite fille à la femme au-delà de l'Oedipe." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20028.
Full textThe foreclosure of the Name of the Father introduces the psychotic structure, remaining expelled out of the existence, the subject and the signifier desire. Expulsion reappears in the real : the passage to maternity can be configured as a fertile moment for its return. Our cases of clinical psychosis show how maternity can be an invitation to reach The woman : the relationship between the signifiers mother and woman do not show a hiatus ; it reveals an abyss whose encounter reveals the real of the jouissance, the death drive is opened in its essential manifestation of the negativity of the human bond. Procreation confronts with the impossibility of symbolization of the Other, introduces the dissolution of the social tie, in its lethal effects. The absence of the paternal exception forecloses the meeting with the feminine in the passage to maternity. The desire for a child (to make possible to the becoming subject its own structuring as subject of desire) remains fractured
Benhamou, Corinne. "Le désir d'enfant chez les femmes en cours de protocole de F. I. V. E. T. E. [(fécondation in vitro et transfert d'embryons)]." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070005.
Full textSince be unexpected furge in PMA, a large number of women have engaged in fivete protocol. After meeting with difficulties in different areas : somatical and psychologicol, they have become candidates for the fiv and frequently for several trials. The following question is unavoidable : why does this prospect of maternity put a woman in ill at ease ? It would seem that there is an interaction with their become in a woman. The oedipal history when they were little girls sheds light on our understanding of their desir to have children, because it is specific. We witness a real processus socialisation for this desir to have children. The phallic presomption would seem to be an essential aspect of their problems. This presomption come to the fore in a creativity with has different outlets (the writing, stained- glass. . . . ). For many of these women. So the link between the desir of creation and the pma become a question
Campos, Denise Teles Freire. "Le versant fétichiste de la demande d'enfant." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10021.
Full textBydlowski, Sarah. "Le blues post-natal et ses effets sur le bébé : dynamique de l'émotion maternelle et régulations du nouveau-né dans les huit premières semaines de vie." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070027.
Full textAfter reviewing the current body of work on emergence of psychic life and early mother-infant interaction, we discuss internal maternal experience during the prenatal period. We then present experimental psychology's perspective on postpartum blues and consider psychodynamic clinical observations of the post-birth period. During the perinatal phase, emotional activity is preferentially expressed by the body, thus motivating subjects to reconnect with their own sensory experience and feelings. The approach we develop has enabled us to study the affective dynamics of this relationship. After presenting our research protocol, we discuss the key results which have elucidated several new phenomena. From a clinical and prognostic point of view, postpartum blues—when transient and moderate—are shown to be a meaningful manifestation of mother-infant connection immediately upon birth, due to the affective intensity of this phase and the initial maternal encounter with newborn immaturity. We outline the clinical and nosographical scope, along with the psychopathological and metapsychological components. Our results show favorable consequences on the infant's neuropsychomotor and tonic-postural regulation just after birth, as well as the mother-infant adjustment several weeks later. The presence of postpartum blues indicates that the emotional reactions necessary to cope with the "birth event" have been established. The absence of postpartum blues, or postpartum blues which generate solely negative emotions, reflects heightened vulnerability for the protective shield as well as maternal capacities
Garnault, Diane. "Le ventre des femmes entre guerre et soin : les enjeux fantasmatiques de la gynécologie envisagés à partir de la transplantation d'utérus." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC018.
Full textUterus transplantation (UT) is a new trial of treatment proposed to infertile women. The author highlights - thanks to a multidisciplinary approach (history, anthropology, sociology, bio-political, feminist and gender studies) and clinical material - how this technique aliows to reconsider the meaning of both other gynecological cures and wartime sexual violences. It appears the womb condenses preconscious and conscious representations about femininity and motherhood which makes it symbolize the uncanniness of the female procreative body. The metapsychological concepts of "epistemophilical drive" and "destruction drive" help to establish a parallel between wartime sexual violences and subjective effects of gynecological biomedicine. Indeed, the uterus transplantation proposai combines many medical techniques - medically assisted procreation, pregnancy and labor monitoring, hysterectomy- that some women happen to experience as violent; a subjective violence nevertheless often denied by surgeons, gynecologists and obstetricians. The UT eventually appears as a presenting symptom of a fantasm of matricide underlying the gynecological medicine. Our hypothesis is this wish to destroy or bypass the mother figure is linked to a quid pro quo. Pregnancy representations lead to women becoming imaginarily the embodiment of the Other, meaning the limit to almighty fantaisies, when in fact the first partition is due to the loss of an inner part of oneself, creating an otherness intimately internal
Estrela, Maroja Flaviana. "Les représentations maternelles du foetus et du rôle maternel pendant le grossesse pathologique : le cas de la drépanocytose." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070050.
Full textPregnancy is seen as the prelude to the mother-child bond. Over these nine months, a woman creates representations about her future baby and her role as a mother for a satisfactory development of their future interaction. The subject of this thesis is focused on maternal representations of pregnant women with sickle cell disease. The aim of this study is: to analyze the representations of these pregnant women of motherhood; to evaluate the impact of anxiety and depression on maternal representations and antenatal attachment; to analyze the effects of chronic disease and the risk of transmission to the dynamic of the couple. For this, two areas of research were developed. The first area of research involved five pregnant women with sickle cell disease and five heterozygous pregnant women. It was developed with the help of quantitative tools (such as EPDS, PAI, STAI, DAS-16) and qualitative interviews (semi-direct interviews and IRMAG). The second area of research involved eight heterozygous pregnant women with sick children. It was developed through semi-direct interviews. The data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively (thematic content analysis of interviews). The results indicate that women with sickle cell disease have poor representations of their maternal role and poorly defined representations of their unborn babies. In terms of heterozygous females, the results suggest that pregnancy is strongly affected by genetic counselling and that the representations of the foetus are strongly influenced firstly by the experience of caring for a sick child and secondly by the socio-cultural representations of the disease. Finally, the results emphasize the need for psychosocial intervention during and after their pregnancy
Pereira, Nobrega Neide. "Un enfant a l'adolescence : une question feminine ? une approche a l'etude de l'adolescente bresilienne de milieu defavorise." Toulouse 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU20056.
Full textThis study was carried out in rio de janeiro (brazil, from 1987 to 1989. Thrirty nine economically disadvantaged teenagers between twelve and eighteen years old were interviewed at a public hospital during their pregnancy with the objectif of knowing wether the period of adolescence gives any particular structure to the motherhood. The teenagers' speech was used to identify the meaning of motherhood for these girls. The main conclusion for this sample was that adolescence has little relevance for the meaning of motherhood in this group
García, Bernal Maria Eugenia. "Maternité à l'adolescence : attachement mère-enfant et transmission intergénérationnelle (Valparaiso, Chili)." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA083701.
Full textThe mother-child relationship and the special bond between mother and baby are a topic that has for long interested theorists and has made way for interesting works and posture throughout the years. This research reviews the main contributions made on the mother-baby bond topic in Europe and America. The cases of 25 adolescent mothers in Quilpue (Chile) are investigated. Five of these women are from the Mapuche Native community. Those women are monitored during their pregnancy and for the first months after the birth of their child, in order to determine the kind of bond created between them and the intergenerational transmission influencing this bond. For the first time in Chile, the CAMIR (adult-adult) and the RAF (adult-baby) tests are applied so as to contribute with new information on the subject
Fresnoza-Flot, Asunción. "Migration, genre et famille transnationale : l'exemple des mères migrantes philippines en France." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070030.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the causes of Filipino mothers' immigration to France, as well as on the consequences of their departure on family dynamics, on interpersonal relations, and on the power structure within the family. Fieldwork was conducted in France and in the Philippines, centered on interviews with migrant mothers and with members of their families staying in the country. Analysis shows that the logic of Filipino mothers' emigration is in line with the objective of accomplishing a "good mothering". Migrating transforms these women into main, or even sole breadwinners of their family. They find themselves in a situation of continuous justification of their absence at home and resort to various strategies of transnational mothering. Their migration reinforces their motherhood: the money earned in France by those in regular situation allows them to fulfil their family obligations while returning regularly to the Philippines to visit their family; whereas in the case of women in irregular situation, it is the emphasis on their long uninterrupted physical absence from home, perceived as an immense sacrifice by their children and by the society at large, that allows them to appear as "good mothers". The mother's departure gives rise to progressive disruption and to material, spatial and mental reorganization of the family. It reconfigures the power relations and the gendered role in the family, progressively restructuring its overall functioning. Despite the distance felt by each family member, they ail exert efforts to preserve unity of the family and its social image. Thus, the family lingers in each person's mind, memory, souvenirs of the past and imagination - all things essential for the functioning of a transnational family in between nuclear and extended
Miller, Sonja. "La maternité à l’épreuve du sida : au risque de n’être : étude clinique et psychanalyse." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10104.
Full textDrossart, Francis. "L'Elaboration de la position dépressive chez la mère en période de post-partum (la préoccupation maternelle secondaire)." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070067.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to study the process of psychic elaboration that occurs in the mother during the postpartum period. We differ from Winnicott's notion of primary maternal preoccupation in that we particularly insist on the discontinuity and hiatus which characterize this process. We believe that the origin of this hiatus may be rooted in the mother's fantasizing about the dead child ; a dead child she assimilates to the intra-uterine child, that is, the good internal object during pregnancy (this notion differs from that of an "imaginary child"). Therefore, the real child - as external object - actually becomes a surrogate intra-uterine child of the mother
Rolland, Anne-Catherine. "Naissance prématurée : la mère et son enfant, les enjeux d'une rencontre singulière." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070052.
Full textThis thesis discusses the pathogenesis of psychological difficulties faced by children who are born premature, also including the mother and others who are closely affected, during the early postnatal period, in a multifaceted manner. All those affected in the event of a premature birth are studied based on psychiatric and child psychiatric interviews, and the links between presumed maternal trauma wand interactions between the mother and child are placed at the beginning of an analysis o a prospective study, in addition to the acknowledgment of different theoretical points of view. The issues at play in the ex-uterine encounter of the mother and infant, secondary of the discontinuity between the ante and the postnatal periods induced by the premature birth, appear essential. From the different hypotheses emergent of the discussion, one can also envisage potential possibilities for care and support of a child born prematurely along with his/her family
Lee, Su Ryun. "Etude sur le réel de la maternité : à travers la mauvaise mère et sa cruauté." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070084.
Full textOur study aims to identify the reality and essence of motherhood and the causes of its disaster which is supposed to be a source of happiness. Through the history of motherhood, we reinvestigate the idealization and myth of motherhood, and we assert that maternal love is not as old as we believe in general. In this study of the formation of femininity, desire and its mechanisms, we point out that women's acceptance of motherhood has been made on the basis of unconscious assumptions on the desire and jouissance of women. Woman builds a relationship with his child with her way of jouissance with him or her. Drawing on psychoanalytic theory since Freud, we examine the meaning of child for mother and the ways and structures ir which their relationship forms. We conclude that the child is a paradoxical object who plays various roles in relation to the mother. In motherhood, not only love but also what may be called hatred operate in several ways. Observing clinical cases in the society of South Korea, we illuminate some structural psychopathological phenomena that occur at the intersection of maternai love and narcissistic fantasy, along with special features of the hyper-competitive society. Some cases deviating from the normal part of motherhood reveal how maternal love without self-restraint leads to destroying the relationship between mother and child and their being
Ah-Hone, Christian. "Problèmes psycho-sociaux et gynéco-obstétricaux de la femme paraplégique." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN3064.
Full textGoeb, Jean-Louis. "Évaluation psychologique de 173 couples sérodifférents vis à vis du virus H. I. V. Au cours de leur démarche d'aide médicale à la procréation et évaluation des 102 bébés à un an de vie." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070039.
Full textTo study the psychological status and parental project of serodifferent couples who request ART. Methodology. Standardized clinical interview (SCID), self-report questionnaires (TPQ and DAS). A second assessment during the sixth month of pregnancy included the EPDS. The last assessment for the couple was carried out with the same tools within the first two-years of post-partum. The development of the children was assessed clinically and with the Bayley Developmental Scale, the revised Brunet-Lezine Test, the Alarm Distress Baby Scale, and the revised Denver questionnaire. Results. 173 couples included, 165 benefited from ART. 52% have given birth to a child within the protocol period. No seroconversion noted. The couples did not show more psychiatric disorders than the general population. 102 babies have born, 45 assessed. Ail babies, but two twins, had a normal psychomotor development. Conclusions. This study shows the importance for ART in HIV-serodiscordant couples in their child bearing project. Furthermore, this is the first study to show the normal development of the children at one year of age
Segura, Agnès. "Après une fausse couche précoce, les enjeux psychiques du devenir mère : une étude clinique et longitudinale du premier mois de la grossesse au quatrième mois du bébé." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCC001.
Full textOne in four pregnancies is interrupted as a result of early miscarriage. This "loss" is difficult to characterise because of the precocity of pregnan-cy and the ambiguous and fuzzy status of the em-bryo. During a pregnancy following a miscarriage, its experience tends to be reactualised, which would hinder the psychic processes of becoming a mother.Hypotheses: 1. Refreshing the "female anxieties" 2. Risk of topical collapse and denial of ambivalence 3. Reactivation of what was cleaved 4. Withdrawal of the father 5. Disturbance of the quality of the parent-baby relationshipMethodology: prospective, longitudinal and qualita-tive research with psychoanalysis as reference. The population is made up of eight participants with their spouses. Five semi-structured clinical inter-views: in the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy, then at one and four months after the birth of the baby. Two self-questionnaires: the EPDS, to measure the risk of depression and prena-tal attachment (PAI); Inkblot (Rorschach) andTAT test (2nd trimester) and the drawing of the family tree (3rd quarter);Evaluation with the baby's Brazelton (NBAS) scale at month 1 and filmed interaction time (IPC) at month 4Results and analysis: 3 cases studies are built. The results show globally a validation of the hypotheses: during the pregnancy following an early miscarriage the anxieties of the female are reactualised and exac-erbated because of the loss experienced in the body as real.The miscarriage becomes an "attractor" of experienced suffering in representation, "waking up" isolated zones and un-symbolized experiences. Experiences of ambi-guity emerge both at the individual level and from the parental couple leading to generational confusion. The updated female anxieties associated with the psychic rearrangements induced by the state of pregnancy al-lowed that the subject take the status of equivalents affects. During the next pregnancy, one of the fate of this wrenching is, by a possible figuration of these test-ed, to become a loss.Interest: Pay attention to an event that seems "ordi-nary", but which resonates with archaic tests
Ertugral, Yris. "Le désir de maternité et la mort, en France, depuis la légalisation de la contraception et de l’avortement." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0448.
Full textIn France, since the legalization of contraception and abortion, the desire for motherhood has been asserted. Once natural, a child’s birth has become a scheduled choice, medically assisted, often taken for granted. Today, sterile women want to become mothers and sometimes can, thanks to the new reproductive techniques. The medical, technological progress arises incredible hopes. Even death appears like an improper phenomenom. Considering that death is present in oneself at any moment of one’s life, this study aims at appreciating what the personal relation with death induces to the desire for motherhood. To observe the link between this desire and death, to follow the behaviours evolution for the last 40 years, the research is supported by forty witnesses (men, women). Specialists explain their practices. Paris everyday life is taken as a setting. What parts do the social frame, the “family novel”, the hazards play in the desire to be (or not to be) a mother? What is becoming a mother, refusing that part, being sterile? What is facing the laws about abortion, eggs donor, surrogacy, or sterilization? The answers necessarily change in a country where each bioethics law revision causes an endless stir
Villecourt-Couchat, Isabelle. "Le sentiment subjectif de solitude à l'épreuve de la maternité." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0020.
Full textIn childcare places, the clinical psychologist can hear the disarry of the woman who has become mother. In a society that celebrate individualism, how will this psychoanalytic listening help the mother in her loneliness? Many separations will come in her mother’s life hence intense psychic work to access maternity and engage the subjective process of motherhood.At this stage, the psychic crushed by states of anxiety and emptiness, can immobilize the ego in a narcissistic and deadly retreat enclosing the mother in a deadly loneliness, hence the choice of my title “The feeling of loneliness in the test of maternity”.At this crucial stage in their own development and that of their child, to feel so lonely for these mothers can cause harm.Most of the time, we aknowledge on it can be seen that the subjective processes of motherhood are found to be fruitful and beneficial for the mother ego and that identity turn non suitable.However, we observe that the subjective feeling of loneliness can be destructive. The stage where the transition from being a woman to becoming a mother can being in pain.The interiority of the woman evolves ans transforms into becoming a mother. This interiority can be undermined by the presence of the real and fantasy child. These last resonate with his own infantile story.This interiority it reveals itself in the form of a subjective feeling of loneliness that is difficult to live, which drive to narcissistic and objectal pathology, creating of crisis situation unexpected.This work has the main purpose of showing the dead ends of these processes, as well as the difficult access to an area of loneliness source of subjectivation and creativity
Ayissi, Lydie. "La maternalité à l'épreuve de l'irritabilité néonatale du bébé : une étude longitudinale : de la naissance à six mois." Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0015.
Full textLeleux, Fabienne. "Anna Freud ou la réécriture de « la naissance de la psychanalyse » : objet du fantasme, fonction du moi." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC041.
Full textTaking as her departure point a stylistic trait visible in several of Anna Freud's writings--and indicated most notably, in two key texts, by suspension marks, considered symptomatic by Lacan--the author re-examines the Anna-Freudian opus and probes the problem of the (girl) child who is not desired by the primary Other, but who is finally accepted by the father. The pathological consequences of this initial non-desire--its effects on the paternal function, on the turn taken by the Oedipal fantasy, as well as on the role of the real father as the agent of castration, including the impossibility of fully grieving for him--are emphasised by examining intersecting texts, the notebooks preparatory to the texts and also Anna Freud's correspondence, whenever her letters refer to this problematic issue. The different solutions and projects--for example the Sigmund Freud Archives, which Anna viewed as likely to bring closure to this interminable mourning--will demonstrate the ineradicable predominance of the initial model of the inaccessible Other and the need for murder by delegation. This prism will also provide material for a re-reading of the Anna-Freudian doctrine of the strong ego and of synthesis-- the basis of future ego-psychology, understood as a repetition of the substitution of the narcissistic modification of its authoress as well as of her technique of direct observation. In conclusion, the Anna-Freudian doctrine will be reintegrated into the discourse of the social Other proper to the city of Vienna, nicknamed the Red City, which authorised it to develop the techniques and practices of analysis. Traduction Camille NAISH
Loyal, Déborah. "Déterminants Psychosociaux et Culturels du Burnout Maternel et des Symptômes Dépressifs Périnataux." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0821/document.
Full textWhereas a happy motherhood is a collective aspiration, it is known that many women are reporting psychological distress during the perinatal period. Yet, women’s psychological health can not be considered regardless of their roles in society and norms associated. This research work aims to test a psychosocial and cultural model to understand adjustment disorder regarding motherhood (postpartum depressive symptoms and burnout). In a first study, various steps with different populations (N = 250, 22, 474, 249 and 231) have led to the validation in French of a scale assessing beliefs associated with the maternal role. Then, a longitudinal follow up was settled with women who were seen during late pregnancy and at 2 and 4 months postpartum (N = 129). This work has served to demonstrate the convergent, predictive and construct validity of maternal burnout. Furthermore, the impact of motherhood psychosocial and normative characteristics in the development of depressive and burnout symptoms have been explored. Finally, cluster analyses were conducted to identify more or less adaptive patterns regarding articulation of investment in motherhood and working life. This research work has opened research avenues regarding maternal burnout in the postpartum period and considerations of socio-normative aspects of the mothering role regarding prevention and care of those troubles
Perrusi, Mônica Moura de Paula. "Institution mère-enfant, prévention et lien social : recherches et perspectives sur l'intervention précoce." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA070075.
Full textClinical work in mental care institutions with young children and their parents covers a wide range of aspects from prevention to social network and therapeutic care. New forms of social interactions generate new ways of mental functioning and these have an impact on the way a person makes his/her request. This evolution can equally be observed in the clinical work with babies and their parents. Changes in the family structure also contribute to the institution performing other roles and meeting other society needs. We will challenge the place of psychoanalysis with young children when confronted to the growing demands of adaptation to society, or of curing, and to the evolution of the notion of preventive action, often linked to prediction. The measures taken by the current health policy, which seem to fall within the lines of "hygienic security measures", show the growing interest for the assessment of our practices in order to measure the effectiveness of the therapeutic work. Sterling from clinical cases, we will question the role of the institution in situations of maternal mental disturbance and of post-partum depressions, among others. The role of the therapeutic work could act as a mental aid for the child in case of severe mental disturbance of the mother. Moreover, we will see that the breadth of the clinical work with mothers suffering from post-natal depression, its diversity, guards us against any thought of forming a specific entity and its own specific therapeutic action. This leads us to speak not of depression but of depressions of the mother
Ndembi, Ndembi Aimée Patricia. "Contraception et désir d'enfant : approches psychologiques et culturelles de la sexualité des femmes gabonaises." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0031.
Full textCardi, Coline. "La déviance des femmes : délinquantes et mauvaises mères : entre prison, justice et travail social." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070058.
Full textUsing sex and gender categories to analyse social control, this study sheds light on women's deviance. In France, very few sociological studies have tackled deviance from the perspective of gender. The fïeld work concerns numerous institutions of social control: women's prisons, juvenile justice (educational and penal enforcement), classical and new structures of social work with families (a maternal center and an association for family therapy). Interviews with professionals and deviant women (semi-directive and biographical interviews), observations of practices and qualitative and quantitative analyses of personal files have contributed to drawing a cartography of women's social control. Such a transversal approach shows that social control is strongly gendered, especially in relation to parapenal institutions which differentiate male and female deviance. Two women's characters corne out: the offender and the bad mother. The offender deviates from the law as well as from the gender roles. The bad mother is specifically gendered. Parapenal institutions that supposedly bring protection and surveillance to lower class women are indeed assigning them a family role. In order to understand women's deviance, social control needs a larger approach which includes penal and parapenal structures as well as informal controls
Panaccione, Elodie. "De la maternité chez des femmes migrantes en errance." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05H113.
Full textThis study aims to identify psychological and cultural issues in the perinatal period in the event of disruptions generated by homelessness among migrant women in sub-Saharan Africa. Our first assumption is that, during the prenatal period, the homelessness reactivates the highly experienced disruptions and losses associated with the migration experience and would result in an interruption of the thought process. The consequence would then be that these women won’t feel available and disposed to experience the specific changes of pregnancy. Our second assumption is that during the postnatal period, there would be a revival of psychic processes thanks to the birth of their child, which will enable these women to anchor themselves physically and mentally in the host country. This birth would allow them to make a sense out of their own history but also to create a link between their country of origin and the host country, as well as between the past and the present. On the methodological level, we used the complementarism of ethnopsychiatry and built two interview grids. The Transcultural Care for Maternal representations during pregnancy (ETRG) that we used with ten homeless African women being at more than seven months of pregnancy and Interview of Transcultural Representations Nursery after Death (ETRN) that we used for seven women with children between two and four months’ old. The analysis of the interviews has highlighted that the psychological work related to maternity is complicated by the constraints generated by the material and emotional environment in which migrant women live. This research highlights the need to develop solutions to shelter these women and their children as well as to develop perennial preventive actions towards them. Beyond, this study defines the specific terms and conditions to support this public, as well as new research perspective both transversal and longitudinal. It is about designing a support for those families that will not only be financial or material, but which will integrate the social, psychological and cultural dimensions
Reveyrand-Coulon, Odile. "Strategies individuelles ou contraintes collectives. Approche psychologique et anthropologique de la migration des bassari (senegal oriental) a dakar." Toulouse 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU20009.
Full textThis study deals with the bassari who migrate from a traditional and village oriented society (organized according the following structures: animis, self subsistence economy, clans, masks, age-grades, acephalous system of authority) to dakar (synonymn of urbanization, ethnic pluralism, islamization, westernization). This analysis is based on participating observation, interviews, rorschach projective tests, and investigates the psychological modes of adaptation of the bassari's person in the context of migration. This research reveals the form of acculturation and the means which are a priori at the disposal of the person in this situation, or are generated by it. This work rises the problem of the future of personal and cultural identity of the migrant. It analyses the specific way in which operates the psychology of individuals who move from a collective oriented culture to a more individualistic one. The dissertation looks at the ethnic representations and the system of interrelationships which are at stake in the group of migrants (family maintained, failure of association). On the whole it appears that anybody among the bassari don't migrate, and migration is an attempt to solve personal conflicts
Gonzalez, Castro Paola Josephina. "Sinthomes et ravages de maternité : Une approche des troubles psychiques de la puerpéralité." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080058.
Full textThis investigation aims to provide a Lacanian approach to postpartum mental disorders. As such, our work responds to the dominant ideals of our epoch – that of erasing the unique subjectivity of each speaking being. The establishment of our clinical approach is based around a central wager, that of being able to welcome the subjectivity of everyone, all the while renouncing universal theories, which would be equally valid for all. Beyond the dialectic of cause-effect and conceptualizations of well defined and differentiated postpartum disorders, we seek to elucidate the diverse effects of the event of maternity; to elucidate the diverse ways in which each subject might come together again in the aftermath provoked by this event, from the most innocent symptoms to the most ravaging psychotic breaks. Such an orientation permits us to conceive of these diverse responses the event of maternity in a manner that takes into account the uniqueness of the subject in question
Prud'homme, Virginie. "Infanticide : une actualisation conjugale de problématiques singulières : problématique de mort d’enfants : analyse du parcours de vie des femmes." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN20003/document.
Full textInfanticide is generally associated with the women's position into the exclusive mother and child relationship. A transfer is carried out with this research work from this women’s problematic to a couple’s one between the generation’s transmission, the conjugality of kind and the parenthood concepts. The shape of the research's object is taken through space and time frameworks. In this research work, the concept of infanticide (neonaticide) is questioning about the factthat a woman is not allowing her newborn “child” to live. The thoughts on the emergence of the child into the history let uscatch why this crime is unacceptable within a society which establishes duties for the child welfare. That way, conventional ideas can be dismantled and identified as actives scientifics’ interpretations for a better understanding of the phenomena.This research work is supported by the existing psychopathologics surveys. A dynamic model of understanding the“infanticidary” acting out is then suggested. This is the linkage between underlying processes identified by a clinical survey in this field allows us to think about infanticide as a conjugal complex actualisation of singular’s problems which prevents tobecome “parents”
Pouliot, Joannie, and Joannie Pouliot. "Autodétermination, ajustement et symptômes dépressifs maternels suivant la naissance d'un premier enfant." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28062.
Full textPour les femmes, le choix de devenir parent a beaucoup évolué dans les dernières décennies, puisqu'elles ont désormais une plus grande liberté de choix. Toutefois, la transition à la maternité peut amener les femmes à vivre beaucoup de pression liée aux recommandations des experts de la santé, aux médias, aux attentes de l'entourage ou encore à leurs propres perceptions quant à l'atteinte du standard de « bonne mère ». Cette étude a pour objectif d'examiner la transition à la maternité afin de mieux comprendre les différents facteurs pouvant être liés au développement de symptômes dépressifs postnataux et à l'ajustement au nouveau rôle de mère. Au total, 252 femmes ont rempli des questionnaires en période prénatale et postnatale. Les résultats confirment que les événements de vie stressants durant la grossesse, l'estime de soi, la perception du tempérament de l'enfant et la qualité de la relation conjugale suite à la naissance de l'enfant sont liés significativement au développement de symptômes dépressifs postnataux et à l'ajustement maternel. Un nouveau facteur de risque au développement de symptômes anxieux postnataux et des difficultés d'ajustement maternel a également été identifié : la motivation envers les tâches parentales. Les mères qui font les tâches par sentiment d'obligation pour correspondre aux standards de « bonne mère » ou pour répondre aux attentes de leur entourage auront davantage de symptômes anxieux et un moins bon ajustement maternel. En ce qui concerne la motivation à avoir un enfant, celle-ci n'aurait pas de contribution significative pour expliquer l'ajustement au rôle de mère. Finalement, les résultats de cette étude relèvent un biais de désirabilité sociale chez certaines femmes puisqu'elles peuvent avoir tendance à minimiser l'ampleur de leurs problèmes et de leurs insatisfactions. Cette tendance à l'autoduperie pourrait avoir un impact sur leur bien-être psychologique en entravant d'éventuelles demandes d'aide.
Maggioni, Cristina. "La représentation sociale du corps chez les femmes stériles médiatisée par la médecine." Paris, EPHE, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986EPHEA004.
Full textEscalier, Braga Glaucia. "Les relations précoces entre le mère et son bébé : les troubles alimentaires chez le bébé, spécifiquement le reflux gastro-oesophagien." Paris 13, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA131018.
Full textDriven by the fascinating complexity of numerous issues concerning early relations between mothers and their babies, we set out to study what happens in that specific relationship for the baby to present an eating disorder, more specifically gastro esophageal reflu” disea By listening to some mothers and observing them with their babies who suifer from reflux, we realized that most of them experienced unintentional pregnancy; underwent distressing gestation; restarted their relationships with their own mothers; had problems exercising their functions as mothers and also separating from their babies — when absence s needed, they favor their own mothers to take care of the baby. From those clinic observations, we have developed a psychoanalytical study on speech pathologies from a Medical approach; the beginnings of child sexuality in order to verify the girls trajectory from a pre-oedipal phase, then through the oedipal phase, towards femininity, where one of the possible directions results in motherhood. At that point, we attempt to locate the place of the baby for the mother-woman. During that trajectory, we approach the three references introduced by Lacan “R. S. L. — Name-of-the Father”; how the formation of the “I” takes place, primary and secondary narcissisms; the importance of drives in early relations between mothers and their babies, specially oral drives regarding the core theme; the sadomasochist dynamics within the mother baby relationship in their “whirlpool” of emotions given to the mother’s ambivalence and the resulting feeling of guilt, diificulty with separation, and, finaily, how reflux can be construed under that specific relationship. If it is a symptom, to whom it belongs
Hannachi, Nawel. "Trouble du Stress Post-Traumatique suite à l’accouchement : impact sur le bonding mère-enfant. Etude multiculturelle franco-tunisienne." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0327.
Full textChildbirth can be experienced as a traumatic experience by the mother. This event may be associated with the expression of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in the postnatal period, but does it have any impact on the development of maternal bonding? What are the factors associated with postnatal PTSD and with the impairment of maternal bonding? Are there differences in risk factors for PTSD and in altered maternal bonding between two populations from two different cultures? To answer these questions, 646 French and Tunisian women were approached during the third trimester of pregnancy. Of these women, 284 were contacted two months after delivery and 190 were recalled at six months postpartum. Within this study, it was possible to adapt and validate a coping strategy scale on the Tunisian population and to build and validate a PTSD specific scale related to childbirth, according to the new diagnostic criteria of DSM 5, on French and Tunisian women. The results of this work showed that at two months after childbirth, 5.2% of French women and 16.5% of Tunisian women had PTSD. At six months postpartum, the prevalence of PTSD was 3.1% for French women and 16.3% for Tunisian women. Hierarchical regression models specific to each population showed that for French women, it was the primiparity and mode of delivery, self-blame used during the prenatal period, prenatal physical pain, as well as the negative perception of support from the health care team during delivery that constituted risk factors for the development of postnatal PTSD. For Tunisian women, it was the primiparity and mode of delivery, the negative perception of support from the health care team during delivery, the use of dramatization and self-blame after delivery that were risk factors for the development of PTSD in the postpartum period. With regard to the effect of PTSD on maternal bonding, the results showed that this disorder had a negative impact on the development of bonding in the postnatal period and more specifically on the alteration of the mother-child bond and child related anxiety for French women. The results also showed that coping strategies such as self-blame, behavioural disengagement and less planning had a mediating role between postpartum PTSD and maternal bonding. For Tunisian women, PTSD had a negative impact on bonding and especially on child related anxiety. Coping strategies that mediated the relationship between post-natal PTSD and maternal bonding in this population were dramatization, self-blame and rumination. This research also provided etiological models on the impact of post-natal PTSD on bonding and the different associated variables for the French and Tunisian populations. In conclusion, the tools developed and validated on both populations in this work as well as the results presented establish important foundations for future interventions to enable better prevention and diagnosis of post-natal PTSD as well as to prevent its deleterious impact on the mother-child bonding