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Journal articles on the topic 'Mathcad, interface'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Mezhennaya, Natalia M., and Oleg V. Pugachev. "ON PERCEPTION OF COMPUTER ALGEBRA SYSTEMS AND MICROSOFT EXCEL BY ENGINEERING STUDENTS." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 77, no. 3 (2019): 379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/19.77.379.

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This research presents the analysis of image of the popular program packages: CAS (Computer Algebra Systems) Matlab, Mathcad, Mathematica, and the spreadsheet ‘Microsoft Excel’ among students of engineering specializations studying in Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU). The research has explored perception of program packages by all students (N=164), and by male students (N=110) and female students (N=54) separately. Image of the program packages, convenience of their interfaces, usage scenarios, and applicability for solution of tasks of certain types have been explored via questioning the students. Moreover, the students assessed likelihood of using the programs in the future. It was established that all the program packages under consideration can be successfully used in the process of education, but some of them (Matlab and Mathematica) require additional lessons to learn their interface and peculiarities. Gender differences in perception of the program packages do not determine the education outcomes. The differences of perception of the programs are mainly caused by their popularity and the students’ skills of using certain programs. The following gender differences have been detected: in the female students’ sample, the programs Mathcad and Excel are leading, Matlab is performed a little worse; Matlab is associated with the statement “difficult / inconvenient interface”. In the male students’ sample, the three programs Matlab, Mathcad, and Microsoft Excel got nearly equal grades. Female students estimate future usage of Microsoft Excel higher than male students do. The CAS Mathematica takes the lowest places for both samples; as a possible cause of such result, it has been found that Mathematica is not widespread as compared to the other programs under consideration. Keywords: computer algebra system, education statistics, engineering education, mathematical education, Mathcad, Mathematica, Matlab, Microsoft Excel.
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2

Tonkoshkur, Alexander, and Andrey Lozovsky. "APPLICATION FOR CALCULATING THE PARAMETERS OF A GAS SENSOR FROM THE EXPERIMENTAL KINETIC DEPENDENCE OF RESPONSE." System technologies 2, no. 133 (2021): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.34185/1562-9945-2-133-2021-04.

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The elements of the structure and user interface of a specialized application for processing experimental data and calculating the parameters of gas sensors, based on the concept of using various software, packages and media are presented that are most effective at each stage. The application provides such service functions as data entry using Excel spreadsheet program; calculations in the mathematical package "Mathcad"; test item examples of using computational algorithms and providing the necessary textual information from internal sources and the Internet.
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3

Polak, Ladislav, Roman Sotner, Jiri Petrzela, and Jan Jerabek. "CMOS Current Feedback Operational Amplifier-Based Relaxation Generator for Capacity to Voltage Sensor Interface." Sensors 18, no. 12 (2018): 4488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18124488.

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This paper presents a simple relaxation generator, suitable for a sensor interface, operating as a transducer of capacitance to frequency/period. The proposed circuit employs a current feedback operational amplifier, fabricated in I3T25 0.35 μ m ON Semiconductor CMOS process, and four passive elements including a grounded capacitor (the sensed parameter). It offers a low-impedance voltage output of the generated square wave. Additional frequency to DC voltage converter offers output information in the form of voltage. The experimental capacitance variation from 6.8 nF to 100 nF yields voltage change in the range from 21 mV to 106 mV with error below 5% and sensitivity 0.912 mV/nF evaluated over the full range of change. These values are in good agreement with simulation results obtained from the Mathcad model of frequency to DC voltage transducer passive circuit.
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4

Roman, Claudia, Miguel Angel Delgado, Liliana Lazar, and Moises Garcia-Morales. "Computational design applied to equilibrium-staged and rate-based absorption processes." Revista de Chimie 71, no. 7 (2020): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.20.7.8228.

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Simulators are of great interest in Chemical Engineering because they facilitate process optimization and help evaluate different solutions through the so-called �what-if� approach. They include the most advanced thermodynamical models and complete libraries for the calculation of physicochemical properties and estimation of phase equilibria data which are successfully integrated in the process design. Moreover, simulators allow addressing both stationary and batch operations. For this reason, their use in the design of Industrial Chemistry processes has gained much acceptance in the last decades. Even so, simulations should be accompanied by another computational tool which allows the professionals to implement specific algorithms which relate inputs and outputs, so as to get the most out of the computing power. We herein exemplify how Aspen Plus and Mathcad Prime software packages were successfully integrated in a case study on the removal of carbon disulphide by contact with a paraffinic oil in an absorption tower. This absorption operation was studied in both trayed and packed columns. Regarding the first contact type, i.e. trays, Mathcad�s powerful programming tool and graphical interface enabled to corroborate and to better understand the effect of temperature on the number of theoretical stages previously observed with Aspen Plus.
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Rauf, Abdul, Qammar Rubbab, Nehad Ali Shah, and Kaleem Razzaq Malik. "Simultaneous Flow of n-Immiscible Fractional Maxwell Fluids with Generalized Thermal Flux and Robin Boundary Conditions." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2021 (April 13, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5572823.

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In a rectangular region, the multilayered laminar unsteady flow and temperature distribution of the immiscible Maxwell fractional fluids by two parallel moving walls are studied. The flow of the fluid occurs in the presence of Robin’s boundaries and linear fluid-fluid interface conditions due to the motion of the parallel walls on its planes and the time-dependent pressure gradient. The problem is defined as a mathematical model which focuses on the fluid memory, which is represented by a constituent equation with the Caputo time-fractional derivative. The integral transformations approach (the Laplace transform and the finite sine-Fourier transform) is used to determine analytical solutions for velocity, shear stress, and the temperature fields with fluid interface, initial, and boundary conditions. For semianalytical solutions, the algorithms of Talbot are used to calculate the Laplace inverse transformation. We used the Mathcad software for graphical illustration and numerical computation. It has been observed that the memory effect is significant on both fluid motion and temperature flow.
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Mitroshin, Vasiliy A., and Vladimir L. Mondrus. "The impact effect of underground trains in motion analyzed together with other factors contributing to the stress-strain state arising along the tunnel lining boundary." Vestnik MGSU, no. 1 (January 2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2021.1.41-48.

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Introduction. Urban expansion and compaction of urban environments trigger the need for delay-free transport communications between urban districts. An underground railway is a modern means of transport, whose construction and operation are feasible below the ground surface. However, it is a source of vibrations that negatively affect human comfort and high-tech production processes. Train speed, weight, wheel and rail defects, the geological structure of the site, subway route construction conditions, the remoteness of measuring equipment installation points are the main factors that influence the intensity of vibrations of the ground surface or building structures. The effect, produced by moving subway trains on the tunnel lining, as well as the wheel-rail junction interface are analyzed in this work.
 Materials and methods. The problem of stresses, triggered by underground trains along the boundary of the tunnel lining, can be reduced to the well-known problem of a beam on an elastic foundation. MathCAD software package was used to obtain the analytical solution and diagrams.
 Results. The co-authors identified the values of stresses arising along the boundary of the tunnel lining as a result of the interface between underground trains and rail junctions. Diagrams that illustrate deflections of a bending curve of an infinite beam, bending moments, and stresses arising along the boundary of the tunnel lining have been made. Values of regular stresses arising along the tunnel boundary are obtained by transforming external loads into Fourier series.
 Conclusions. The data obtained as a result of the analysis are further used to solve problems of identifying the wave field in a continuous elastic medium using methods of successive wave approximations and compensating loads.
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7

Dovgal, V. M., and Min Zo Hein. "COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOFTWARE SYSTEMS FOR ANALYSIS AND PROCESSING OF SPEECH SIGNALS USING WAVELETS." Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences 45, no. 3 (2019): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2018-45-3-103-113.

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Objectives. This article is devoted to the problem of processing and analysis of speech signals on the basis of the wavelet transform method, which has become one of the most relevant in recent years.Method. The growing relevance and undoubted practical value became the reason for the emergence of a large number of software systems that allow the processing of speech signals on the basis of this method. However, each of these systems has significant differences in the interface provided by the processing tools, functions, has a number of advantages and disadvantages. At the moment, a large number of manuals and recommendations for specific software packages have been written, but these materials are fragmented and unsystematic.Result. This article attempts to systematize the theoretical material and describe the similarities and differences, advantages and disadvantages of the three most popular software systems: 1) MATLAB 6.0/6.1/6.5 Wavelet Toolbox 2/2.1/2.2; 2) Mathcad; 3) Wavelet Explorer of Mathematica.Conclusion. This article will be useful for specialists dealing with the problem of speech signal processing using the wavelet transform method, as it contains material that has practical value, and will allow to facilitate the work of a specialist related to the selection of the optimal for the implementation of a specific task of the software complex.
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Zhou, Qi, J. R. Taylor, C. P. Caulfield, and P. F. Linden. "Diapycnal mixing in layered stratified plane Couette flow quantified in a tracer-based coordinate." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 823 (June 15, 2017): 198–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.261.

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The mixing properties of statically stable density interfaces subject to imposed vertical shear are studied using direct numerical simulations of stratified plane Couette flow. The simulations are designed to investigate possible self-maintaining mechanisms of sharp density interfaces motivated by Phillips’ argument (Deep-Sea Res., vol. 19, 1972, pp. 79–81) by which layers and interfaces can spontaneously form due to vertical variations of diapycnal flux. At the start of each simulation, a sharp density interface with the same initial thickness is introduced at the midplane between two flat, horizontal walls counter-moving at velocities$\pm U_{w}$. Particular attention is paid to the effects of varying Prandtl number$\mathit{Pr}\equiv \unicode[STIX]{x1D708}/\unicode[STIX]{x1D705}$, where$\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}$and$\unicode[STIX]{x1D705}$are the molecular kinematic viscosity and diffusivity respectively, over two orders of magnitude from 0.7, 7 and 70. Varying$\mathit{Pr}$enables the system to access a considerable range of characteristic turbulent Péclet numbers$\mathit{Pe}_{\ast }\equiv {\mathcal{U}}_{\ast }{\mathcal{L}}_{\ast }/\unicode[STIX]{x1D705}$, where${\mathcal{U}}_{\ast }$and${\mathcal{L}}_{\ast }$are characteristic velocity and length scales, respectively, of the motion which acts to ‘scour’ the density interface. The dynamics of the interface varies with the stability of the interface which is characterised by a bulk Richardson number$\mathit{Ri}\,\equiv \,b_{0}h/U_{w}^{2}$, where$b_{0}$is half the initial buoyancy difference across the interface and$h$is the half-height of the channel. Shear-induced turbulence occurs at small$\mathit{Ri}$, whereas internal waves propagating on the interface dominate at large$\mathit{Ri}$. For a highly stable (i.e. large$\mathit{Ri}$) interface at sufficiently large$\mathit{Pe}_{\ast }$, the complex interfacial dynamics allows the interface to remain sharp. This ‘self-sharpening’ is due to the combined effects of the ‘scouring’ induced by the turbulence external to the interface and comparatively weak molecular diffusion across the core region of the interface. The effective diapycnal diffusivity and irreversible buoyancy flux are quantified in the tracer-based reference coordinate proposed by Winters & D’Asaro (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 317, 1996, pp. 179–193) and Nakamura (J. Atmos. Sci., vol. 53, 1996, pp. 1524–1537), which enables a detailed investigation of the self-sharpening process by analysing the local budget of buoyancy gradient in the reference coordinate. We further discuss the dependence of the effective diffusivity and overall mixing efficiency on the characteristic parameters of the flow, such as the buoyancy Reynolds number and the local gradient Richardson number, and highlight the possible role of the molecular properties of fluids on diapycnal mixing.
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Silva Ferreira, Allan, Gabriel De Almeida Assumpção, Moisés Moreira de Paula, Marcelle Brandão de Carvalho, and Carlos Vitor de Alencar Carvalho. "AUTOARRIMOS: um aplicativo para dispositivos móveis para dimensionamento de muro de arrimo por gravidade." Revista Eletrônica TECCEN 13, no. 2 (2020): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21727/teccen.v13i2.2263.

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É muito usual a utilização de estruturas de contenção, como muros de gravidade ou flexão, para estabilização de encostas, quando não se é possível a execução de um talude que se mantenha estável por si só, devido às características do solo. Os muros de contenção são usados para conter porções de terra próximas às edificações ou abaixo delas, a fim de garantir sua segurança contra deslizamentos do terrapleno. Os muros de gravidade são os muros de contenção que se mantém estáveis devido ao peso próprio. Tais muros têm o processo de cálculo composto por alguns passos, visto que devem ser verificadas determinadas condições de segurança e fazê-lo de modo manual torna o serviço lento. O presente trabalho visa apresentar um aplicativo para dimensionar os muros de gravidade, constituídos de concreto ciclópico, com o intuito de tornar o trabalho de cálculo mais ágil, que além disso possa ser usado como ferramenta educacional. A princípio foram desenvolvidos roteiros de cálculos de seis perfis de muro, no software PTC Mathcad Express Prime 6.0. O aplicativo foi desenvolvido com a ferramenta MIT App Inventor 2, que utiliza uma programação em blocos, de interface amigável e intuitiva, o que beneficiou no desenvolvimento do aplicativo. De modo a exemplificar e testar a ferramenta, foram dimensionados no aplicativo dois perfis para verificar o mais adequado. Pode-se concluir, que ter os roteiros de cálculo proveu uma ótima base para o desenvolvimento do aplicativo, além disso o aplicativo funcionou como um bom facilitador para dimensionar muros de gravidade, pois só solicitou a escolha de perfil e a inserção de dados fundamentais, reduzindo o tempo de cálculo.
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10

Ungarish, Marius, Lailai Zhu, and Howard A. Stone. "Inertial gravity current produced by the drainage of a cylindrical reservoir from an outer or inner edge." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 874 (July 4, 2019): 185–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.452.

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We consider the time-dependent flow of a fluid of density $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{1}$ in a vertical cylindrical container embedded in a fluid of density $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{2}~({<}\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{1})$ whose side boundary is suddenly removed and the fluid drains freely from the edge. We show that in the inertial–buoyancy regime (large initial Reynolds number) the flow is modelled by the shallow-water equations and bears similarities to a gravity current released from a lock (the dam-break problem) driven by the reduced gravity $g^{\prime }=(1-\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{2}/\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{1})g$. This formulation is amenable to an efficient finite-difference solution. Moreover, we demonstrate that similarity solutions exist, and show that the flow created by the dam break approaches the predicted self-similar behaviour when the volume ratio ${\mathcal{V}}(t)/{\mathcal{V}}(0)\approx 1/2$ where $t$ is time elapsed from the dam break. We considered two cases of drainage: (i) outward from the outer boundary in a full-radius reservoir; and (ii) inward from the inner radius in an annular-shaped reservoir. For the first case the similarity solution is expressed analytically, while the second case is more complicated and requires a numerical solution. In both cases ${\mathcal{V}}(t)/{\mathcal{V}}(0)$ decays like $t^{-2}$, but the details are different. The similarity solutions admit an adjustable virtual-origin constant, which we determine by matching with the finite-difference solution. The analysis is valid for both Boussinesq and non-Boussinesq systems, and a wide range of geometric parameters (inner and outer radii, and height). The importance of the neglected viscous terms increases with time, and eventually the inertial–buoyancy model becomes invalid. An estimate for this occurrence is also provided. The predictions of the model are compared to results of direct numerical simulations; there is good agreement for the position of the interface and for the averaged radial velocity, and excellent agreement for ${\mathcal{V}}(t)/{\mathcal{V}}(0)$. A box model is used for estimating the effect of a partial (over a sector) dam break. This study is an extension of the work for a rectangular reservoir of Momen et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 827, 2017, pp. 640–663). We demonstrate that there are some similarities, but also significant differences, between the rectangular and the cylindrical reservoirs concerning the velocity, shape of the interface and rate of drainage, which are of interest in applications. The overall conclusion is that this simple model captures very well the flow field under consideration.
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Kohavi, Ron, Dan Sommerfield, and James Dougherty. "Data Mining Using $\mathcal{MLC}++$ a Machine Learning Library in C++." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 06, no. 04 (1997): 537–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021821309700027x.

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Data mining algorithms including maching learning, statistical analysis, and pattern recognition techniques can greatly improve our understanding of data warehouses that are now becoming more widespread. In this paper, we focus on classification algorithms and review the need for multiple classification algorithms. We describe a system called [Formula: see text], which was designed to help choose the appropriate classification algorithm for a given dataset by making it easy to compare the utility of different algorithms on a specific dataset of interest. [Formula: see text] not only provides a workbench for such comparisons, but also provides a library of C++ classes to aid in the development of new algorithms, especially hybrid algorithms and multi-strategy algorithms. Such algorithms are generally hard to code from scratch. We discuss design issues, interfaces to other programs, and visualization of the resulting classifiers.
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Ancona, Fabio, and Maria Teresa Chiri. "Attainable profiles for conservation laws with flux function spatially discontinuous at a single point." ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations 26 (2020): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2020044.

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Consider a scalar conservation law with discontinuous flux (1): \begin{equation*} \quad u_{t}+f(x,u)_{x}=0, \qquad f(x,u)= \begin{cases} f_l(u)\ &\text{if}\ x<0,\\ f_r(u)\ & \text{if} \ x>0, \end{cases} \quad \quad \quad(1) \end{equation*} where u = u(x, t) is the state variable and fl, fr are strictly convex maps. We study the Cauchy problem for (1) from the point of view of control theory regarding the initial datum as a control. Letting u(x,t)≐StABu-(x) denote the solution of the Cauchy problem for (1), with initial datum u(⋅,0)=u-, that satisfy at x = 0 the interface entropy condition associated to a connection (A, B) (see Adimurthi, S. Mishra and G.D. Veerappa Gowda, J. Hyperbolic Differ. Equ. 2 (2005) 783–837), we analyze the family of profiles that can be attained by (1) at a given time T > 0: \mathcal{A}^{AB}(T)=\left\{\mathcal{S}_T^{AB} \,\overline u : \ \overline u\in{\bf L}^\infty(\mathbb{R})\right\}.\ We provide a full characterization of AAB(T) as a class of functions in BVloc(ℝ\{0}) that satisfy suitable Oleǐnik-type inequalities, and that admit one-sided limits at x = 0 which satisfy specific conditions related to the interface entropy criterion. Relying on this characterisation, we establish the Lloc1-compactness of the set of attainable profiles when the initial data u- vary in a given class of uniformly bounded functions, taking values in closed convex sets. We also discuss some applicationsof these results to optimization problems arising in traffic flow.
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Salinas, Jorge S., Thomas Bonometti, Marius Ungarish, and Mariano I. Cantero. "Rotating planar gravity currents at moderate Rossby numbers: fully resolved simulations and shallow-water modelling." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 867 (March 20, 2019): 114–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.152.

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The flow of a gravity current of finite volume and density $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{1}$ released from rest from a rectangular lock (of height $h_{0}$) into an ambient fluid of density $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{0}$ (${<}\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{1}$) in a system rotating with $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$ about the vertical $z$ is investigated by means of fully resolved direct numerical simulations (DNS) and a theoretical model (based on shallow-water and Ekman layer spin-up theories, including mixing). The motion of the dense fluid includes several stages: propagation in the $x$-direction accompanied by Coriolis acceleration/deflection in the $-y$-direction, which produces a quasi-steady wedge-shaped structure with significant anticyclonic velocity $v$, followed by a spin-up reduction of $v$ accompanied by a slow $x$ drift, and oscillation. The theoretical model aims to provide useful insights and approximations concerning the formation time and shape of wedge, and the subsequent spin-up effect. The main parameter is the Coriolis number, ${\mathcal{C}}=\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}h_{0}/(g^{\prime }h_{0})^{1/2}$, where $g^{\prime }=(\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{1}/\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{0}-1)g$ is the reduced gravity. The DNS results are focused on a range of relatively small Coriolis numbers, $0.1\leqslant {\mathcal{C}}\leqslant 0.25$ (i.e. Rossby number $Ro=1/(2{\mathcal{C}})$ in the range $2\leqslant Ro\leqslant 5$), and a large range of Schmidt numbers $1\leqslant Sc<\infty$; the Reynolds number is large in all cases. The current spreads out in the $x$ direction until it is arrested by the Coriolis effect (in ${\sim}1/4$ revolution of the system). A complex motion develops about this state. First, we record oscillations on the inertial time scale $1/\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$ (which are a part of the geostrophic adjustment), accompanied by vortices at the interface. Second, we note the spread of the wedge on a significantly longer time scale; this is an indirect spin-up effect – mixing and entrainment reduce the lateral (angular) velocity, which in turn decreases the Coriolis support to the $\unicode[STIX]{x2202}h/\unicode[STIX]{x2202}x$ slope of the wedge shape. Contrary to non-rotating gravity currents, the front does not remain sharp as it is subject to (i) local stretching along the streamwise direction and (ii) convective mixing due to Kelvin–Helmholtz vortices generated by shear along the spanwise direction and stemming from Coriolis effects. The theoretical model predicts that the length of the wedge scales as ${\mathcal{C}}^{-2/3}$ (in contrast to the Rossby radius $\propto 1/{\mathcal{C}}$ which is relevant for large ${\mathcal{C}}$; and in contrast to ${\mathcal{C}}^{-1/2}$ for the axisymmetric lens).
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14

REDL, CHRISTOPH. "Inlining External Sources in Answer Set Programs." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 19, no. 3 (2019): 360–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147106841800056x.

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Abstracthex-programs are an extension of answer set programs (ASP) with external sources. To this end, external atoms provide a bidirectional interface between the program and an external source. The traditional evaluation algorithm for hex-programs is based on guessing truth values of external atoms and verifying them by explicit calls of the external source. The approach was optimized by techniques that reduce the number of necessary verification calls or speed them up, but the remaining external calls are still expensive. In this paper, we present an alternative evaluation approach based on inlining of external atoms, motivated by existing but less general approaches for specialized formalisms such as DL-programs. External atoms are then compiled away such that no verification calls are necessary. The approach is implemented in the dlvhex reasoner. Experiments show a significant performance gain. Besides performance improvements, we further exploit inlining for extending previous (semantic) characterizations of program equivalence from ASP to hex-programs, including those of strong equivalence, uniform equivalence, and $\langle\mathcal{H},\mathcal{B}\rangle$- equivalence. Finally, based on these equivalence criteria, we characterize also inconsistency of programs w.r.t. extensions. Since well-known ASP extensions (such as constraint ASP) are special cases of hex, the results are interesting beyond the particular formalism.
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Organizadora, Comissão. "Apresentação - VI Jornada de História da Ciência e Ensino: propostas, tendências e construção de interfaces." História da Ciência e Ensino: construindo interfaces 16 (September 15, 2017): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2178-2911.2017v16i1a2.

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A VI Jornada de História da Ciência e Ensino será realizada na Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora – UFJF, na cidade de Juiz de Fora – MG, com apoio do departamento de Química e colaboração do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em História da Ciência e do Centro Simão Mathias de Estudos em História da Ciência – CESIMA, da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo – PUC/SP, no período de 28 a 30 de setembro de 2017
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Castagna, Marco, Nicolas Mazellier, and Azeddine Kourta. "Wake of super-hydrophobic falling spheres: influence of the air layer deformation." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 850 (July 6, 2018): 646–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.480.

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We report an experimental investigation of the wake of free falling super-hydrophobic spheres. The mutual interaction between the air layer (plastron) encapsulating the super-hydrophobic spheres and the flow is emphasised by studying the hydrodynamic performance. It is found that the air plastron adapts its shape to the flow-induced stresses which compete with the surface tension. This competition is characterised by introducing the Weber number${\mathcal{W}}e$, whilst the plastron deformation is estimated via the aspect ratio$\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}$. While noticeable distortions are locally observed, the plastron becomes more and more spherical on average (i.e. $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}\rightarrow 1$) as far as${\mathcal{W}}e$increases. The study of the falling motion reveals that the plastron compliance has a sizeable influence on the wake development. Investigating the lift force experienced by the super-hydrophobic spheres, the onset of wake instabilities is found to be triggered earlier than for smooth spheres used as reference. Surprisingly, it is also observed that the early promotion of the wake instabilities is even more pronounced beyond a critical Weber number,${\mathcal{W}}e_{c}$, which corresponds to a critical aspect ratio$\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{c}$. Furthermore, the magnitude of the hydrodynamic loads is found to be dependent on the average deformation of the gas/liquid interface. Indeed, in comparison to the reference spheres, the high deformation achieved for$\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}>\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{c}$(oblate shape) leads to lift and drag increase, whereas the low deformation obtained for$\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}<\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{c}$(spherical shape) yields lift and drag mitigation. Accordingly, taking into account the plastron deformation provides an attractive way to explain the somehow discordant results reported in other studies at comparable Reynolds numbers. These results suggest that the amount of vorticity produced at the body surface and then released in the wake is strongly impacted by the plastron compliance. If confirmed by additional studies and extrapolated to other flow configurations, our findings would imply that plastron compliance and its feedback on the flow, which are currently neglected in most theoretical works and numerical simulations, must be accounted for to design super-hydrophobic surfaces and/or predict their performance.
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Захаров, А. В., та С. В. Пасечник. "Формирование режима ударного давления в форме бегущей волны в нематических твистовых ячейках". Физика твердого тела 62, № 2 (2020): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2020.02.48884.605.

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Abstract The paper presents a numerical study, within a nonlinear generalization of the classical Ericksen–Leslie theory, of a new nonlinear mechanism for the formation of the regime of shock pressure on the boun-ding walls of a microsized twisted nematic cell (TNC), realized in the form of the kinklike traveling wave $$\mathcal{P}$$ ( z – $${v}t$$ ) under the effect of the externally applied electric field and induced by a strong local distribance of the director field in the form of a Gaussian (normal) distribution. The mechanisms responsible for the formation of the traveling wave of shock pressure propagating in the TNC from one of its boundaries to another are studied, and it is shown how the magnitude of the electric field and the shape of the localized initial perturbation of the director field affect the similarity of the traveling wave to the kinklike wave. Studies of the dynamic relaxation of the director field in TNCs also showed that, at temperatures exceeding the temperature for the nematic–smectic A (NA) T _NA phase transition by several dozen mK, fluctuations in the order parameter of the emerging smectic phase suppress the effect of the electric field and favor the singular behavior of the azimuthal anchoring energy density as T → T _NA.
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Frycz, Marcin. "THE EFFECT OF THE CONCENTRATION OF MAGNETIC PARTICLES ON THE OPERATING PARAMETERS OF A SLIDE JOURNAL BEARING LUBRICATED WITH FERRO-OIL." Tribologia 284, no. 2 (2019): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4149.

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This paper presents an analysis of changes in basic operational parameters of a slide journal bearing in an aspect of a concentration of magnetic particles in ferro-oil as a lubricant. The first part of the article presents an analytical-numerical calculation model. This model is based on experimentally determined physical parameters describing the dependence of ferro-oil viscosity on changes at basic operating parameters. Moreover, dimensionless load carrying capacity, dimensionless friction force and dimensionless coefficient of friction numerical calculations have been obtained by solving the Reynolds type equations using the finite difference method in Mathcad 15 program and the author’s own calculation procedures. The obtained results have been presented in the form of graphs taking into account the influence of the following factors: external magnetic field, corrections related to the influence of pressure changes, corrections related to the influence of temperature changes and corrections related to non-Newtonian properties of the ferro-oil. The analysis of the obtained characteristics in the paper has been carried out, observations have been made as well as conclusions have been drawn regarding the optimal concentration of magnetic particles in the ferro-oil lubricating the slide journal bearing.
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Dou, G. B., Y. C. Chan, and Johan Liu. "Electrical Conductive Characteristics of Anisotropic Conductive Adhesive Particles." Journal of Electronic Packaging 125, no. 4 (2003): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1604808.

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In anisotropic conductive adhesive (ACA) interconnections, the particles are electrical conductors providing current paths in the fine pitch electronic packaging as well as physical parts connecting with the chip bumps and the substrate pads through the mechanical deformation interfaces. The primary object of this fundamental research is to reveal the electrical conductive characteristics of Ni/Au coated resin particles. Such an ACA particle resistance is resulted from two metal coated layers, which are two parallel resistors in the circuit determined by the particle transformation degree. In order to investigate the effect of the particle transformation degree upon the particle resistance, the particle transformation factor is defined. The mathematical electrical resistance function of an ACA particle, an integral function of the transformation factor and the particle geometries, resin diameter, nickel layer thickness, and gold layer thickness, is worked out from the physical model of an ACA particle. To carry out the solutions of the function, MathCAD software is applied. According to the numerical solutions, the deeper the particle transformation, the thicker the metal coated layer thicknesses and the longer the resin diameter are, the lower the particle resistance is. In conclusion, it is stated that the ACA particle resistance is determined by the particle transformation and the particle geometries, however, the transformation and the nickel layer thickness are more sensitive than the resin diameter and the gold layer thickness. Finally, the resistance function will explain the conductive mechanism of the deformed ACA particle.
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WIERZCHOLSKI, Krzysztof, and Andrzej MISZCZAK. "THE EFFECT OF RUNNING IN AN ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ON HUMAN JOINT AND SKIN LUBRICATION IN THE METABOLIC PROCESS." Tribologia 276, no. 6 (2017): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.8067.

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This paper presents an experimental and theoretical implementation of the influence of the run-walk treatment in the presence of an electro-magnetic field on energy burn increments in the human body, its metabolism, and finally on the decrements of the human body weight. The experimental research presented in this paper was performed using the following devices: a magnetic induction field produced by a new Polish MT-24 Apparatus, a new German Magcell Arthro magneto electronic device, and a Segmental Body Composition Analyzer Tanita MC 780MA. The author's experience was gained in German research institutes, and practical results were confirmed after measurements and information from students and patients. Up to now, theoretical solutions have not been considered. The theoretical and numerical model presented was implemented by using the Mathcad 15 Professional Program. The main conclusion obtained in this paper can be formulated in the following sentence: The run-walk training implemented by an electro-magnetic magnetic field using tight sportswear leads to the increments of the dynamic viscosity of synovial fluid, changes the internal energy contained in the human body, increases the muscle weight, and the percentage of water in the human body; therefore, it accelerates the slimming process connected with the body weight decrements.
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21

Vadivukkarasan, M., and Mahesh V. Panchagnula. "Combined Rayleigh–Taylor and Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities on an annular liquid sheet." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 812 (December 22, 2016): 152–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.784.

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This paper describes the three-dimensional destabilization characteristics of an annular liquid sheet when subjected to the combined action of Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) and Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instability mechanisms. The stability characteristics are studied using temporal linear stability analysis and by assuming that the fluids are incompressible, immiscible and inviscid. Surface tension is also taken into account at both the interfaces. Linearized equations governing the growth of instability amplitude have been derived. These equations involve time-varying coefficients and have been analysed using two approaches – direct numerical time integration and frozen-flow approximation. From the direct numerical time integration, we show that the time-varying coefficients evolve on a slow time scale in comparison with the amplitude growth. Therefore, we justify the use of the frozen-flow approximation and derive a closed-form dispersion relation from the appropriate governing equations and boundary conditions. The effect of flow conditions and fluid properties is investigated by introducing dimensionless numbers such as Bond number ($Bo$), inner and outer Weber numbers ($We_{i}$, $We_{o}$) and inner and outer density ratios ($Q_{i}$, $Q_{o}$). We show that four instability modes are possible – Taylor, sinuous, flute and helical. It is observed that the choice of instability mode is influenced by a combination of both $Bo$ as well as $We_{i}$ and $We_{o}$. However, the instability length scale calculated from the most unstable wavenumbers is primarily a function of $Bo$. We show a regime map in the $Bo,We_{i},We_{o}$ parameter space to identify regions where the system is susceptible to three-dimensional helical modes. Finally, we show an optimal partitioning of a given total energy ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}$) into acceleration-induced and shear-induced instability mechanisms in order to achieve a minimum instability length scale (${\mathcal{L}}_{m}^{\ast }$). We show that it is beneficial to introduce at least 90 % of the total energy into acceleration induced RT instability mechanism. In addition, we show that when the RT mechanism is invoked to destabilize an annular liquid sheet, ${\mathcal{L}}_{m}^{\ast }\sim \unicode[STIX]{x1D701}^{-3/5}$.
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Manga, Ibrahim, S. D. Samaila, and H. Bello. "Mamdani-Fuzzy Framework for Academic Staff Selection and Placement in Nigerian Universities." International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science 8, no. 09 (2019): 24838–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v8i09.4362.

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Selection and placement of appropriate personnel for the right job leads to great success in any organization. However, this is one of the most important activities carried out by Human Resource (HR). Minimizing imprecision and subjective value judgment in personnel selection processes were taken into consideration in this research by developing personnel selection and placement framework using the Mamdani- fuzzy model. This research work is aimed at developing Mamdani- fuzzy framework for academic staff selection and placement. A model with three levels has been developed to manage the database, and the necessary conditions required from applicants for selection and placement, and the consideration of individual temperament was paramount. Tools: Java script and HTML (for the front end) PHP and MySQL (for the database storage as back end). Experimental results using fuzzy classification membership function defined by the truth value of a fuzzy propositional function would also be used as part of the analysis and design. When the need arise, MathLab would be employed for some analysis and simulations. A graphical user interface (GUI) would be developed for all the relevant forms in order to effectively interact with the users of the system
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MISZCZAK, Andrzej, and Krzysztof WIERZCHOLSKI. "ANALYSIS OF THE VALUES OF HYDRODYNAMIC PRESSURE AND LOAD CARRYING CAPACITIES FOR VARIOUS METHODS OF SOLVING A REYNOLDS TYPE EQUATION." Tribologia 280, no. 4 (2018): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7532.

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Calculations of the hydrodynamic pressure distribution in the slide bearing gap occur most often on the basis of ready-made computer programs based on CFD methods or one’s own calculation procedures based on various numerical methods. The use of one’s own calculation procedures and, for example, the finite difference method, allows one to include in the calculations of various additional non-classical effects on the lubricant (e.g., the influence of the magnetic field on ferrofluid, the influence of pressure or temperature on viscosity changes, non-Newtonian properties of lubricant or various non-classical models of dynamic viscosity changes). The aim of the authors’ research is to check how large the differences in results may be obtained using the two most frequently used methods of solving a Reynolds type equation. In this work, the authors use the small parameter method and the method of subsequent approximations to determine the distribution of hydrodynamic pressure. For numerical calculations, the finite difference method and our own calculation procedures and Mathcad 15 software were used. With both methods, identical conditions and parameters were assumed and the influence of pressure and temperature on viscosity change was taken into account. In the hydrodynamic pressure calculations, a laminar flow of the lubricating liquid and a non-isothermal lubrication model of the slide bearing were adopted. The classic Newtonian model was used as a constitutive equation. A cylindrical-type slide bearing of finite length with a smooth pan with a full wrap angle was accepted for consideration. In the thin layer of the oil film, the density and thermal conduction coefficient of the oil were assumed to remain unchanged.
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Dauck, Tim-Frederik, Finn Box, Laura Gell, Jerome A. Neufeld, and John R. Lister. "Shock formation in two-layer equal-density viscous gravity currents." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 863 (January 25, 2019): 730–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.1015.

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The flow of a viscous gravity current over a lubricating layer of fluid is modelled using lubrication theory. We study the case of an axisymmetric current with constant influx which allows for a similarity solution, which depends on three parameters: a non-dimensional influx rate ${\mathcal{Q}}$; a viscosity ratio $m$ between the lower and upper layer fluid; and a relative density difference $\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}$. The limit of equal densities $\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}=0$ is singular, as the interfacial evolution equation changes nature from parabolic to hyperbolic. Theoretical analysis of this limit reveals that a discontinuity, or shock, in the interfacial height forms above a critical viscosity ratio $m_{crit}=3/2$, i.e. for a sufficiently less viscous upper-layer fluid. The physical mechanism for shock formation is described, which is based on advective steepening of the interface between the two fluids and relies on the lack of a contribution to the pressure gradient from the interfacial slope for equal-density fluids. In the limit of small but non-zero density differences, local travelling-wave solutions are found which regularise the singular structure of a potential shock and lead to a constraint on the possible shock heights in the form of an Oleinik entropy condition. Calculation of a simplified time-dependent system reveals the appropriate boundary conditions for the late-time similarity solution, which includes a shock at the nose of the current for $m>3/2$. The numerically calculated similarity solutions compare well to experimental measurements with respect to the predictions of self-similarity, the radial extent and the self-similar top-surface shapes of the current.
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Banik, Sanjukta, and Malay Mukhopadhyay. "Rock carving on Ayodhya Hill: an avenue for geoheritage, geoconservation and environmental sensitization." ENSEMBLE 2, no. 2 (2021): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37948/ensemble-2020-0202-a014.

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The present paper aims to throw light on the environmental sensitivity illustrated through art on a hill signifying interface of nature and culture .Ayodhya Hill in Purulia district, displays an aspect of aesthetic attachment of humans with nature in the form of in-situ rock cut sculpture ‘Pakhi Pahar’which has transformed the bare hill into a piece of art. For the past three decades the hill has been sculpted by a group of local artists, creating around 65 birds.Even the boulders lying on the foot of the hill are sculpted, to save these fragile components of nature from stone quarrying and crushing machines which are demolishing and fragmenting the rocks and hills of the chotanagpur terrain to gather stone chips for commercial use. It may also be argued by a few ,that the natural environment of Matha range of Ayodhya Hill is infringed upon for the sake of art. The present researcher seeks to explain through empirical observation, narrative analysis and perception study of local people whether Pakhi Pahar is an “Aesthetic Regard” or “Aesthetic Affront” for nature . This paper also tries to bring in to focus the future potential of this cultural landscape in developing as a tourism site and giving employment to the local youth.
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26

Varma, Vishnu, and Bernhard Müller. "3D simulations of oxygen shell burning with and without magnetic fields." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504, no. 1 (2021): 636–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab883.

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ABSTRACT We present a first 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of convective oxygen and neon shell burning in a non-rotating $18\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ star shortly before core collapse to study the generation of magnetic fields in supernova progenitors. We also run a purely hydrodynamic control simulation to gauge the impact of the magnetic fields on the convective flow and on convective boundary mixing. After about 17 convective turnover times, the magnetic field is approaching saturation levels in the oxygen shell with an average field strength of $\mathord {\sim }10^{10}\, \mathrm{G}$, and does not reach kinetic equipartition. The field remains dominated by small-to-medium scales, and the dipole field strength at the base of the oxygen shell is only $10^{9}\, \mathrm{G}$. The angle-averaged diagonal components of the Maxwell stress tensor mirror those of the Reynolds stress tensor, but are about one order of magnitude smaller. The shear flow at the oxygen–neon shell interface creates relatively strong fields parallel to the convective boundary, which noticeably inhibit the turbulent entrainment of neon into the oxygen shell. The reduced ingestion of neon lowers the nuclear energy generation rate in the oxygen shell and thereby slightly slows down the convective flow. Aside from this indirect effect, we find that magnetic fields do not appreciably alter the flow inside the oxygen shell. We discuss the implications of our results for the subsequent core-collapse supernova and stress the need for longer simulations, resolution studies, and an investigation of non-ideal effects for a better understanding of magnetic fields in supernova progenitors.
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27

Ganiev, Rishat. "Energy interaction of two-link converters of a multi-motor drive with mains supply." E3S Web of Conferences 288 (2021): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128801007.

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It is known that the total power electrical loads consume from the mains is the sum of their two components – active and reactive. Most electric drives of modern industrial enterprises consume up to 40% of reactive energy in relation to the total energy. This results in an increased full power consumption thereby increasing the load on the supply mains. Modern electric drives are built as follows: supply mains – rectifier-direct current link-inverter – asynchronous motor. The total power consumption is at the "mains-rectifier" interface, where the required active power factor of the converter can be formed. The higher the active power factor, the lower the reactive component in the total consumed energy. Thus, the paper proposes a solution to the problem of building highly efficient converting devices for powering electric motors with the required power factor. In particular, the paper discusses possible increase in the power factor of the electric drive mains input with two-link frequency converters based on active (controlled) rectifiers with current and voltage inverters. The author proposes new ways to control active rectifiers based on the use of AC rectifying devices with fully controlled GTO, GCT thyristors, as well as pulse-width control IGBT transistors. The paper offers options for the construction of these rectifiers and the results of modeling the proposed control methods, confirming a decrease in the passive components of the mains current, and, as a consequence, an increase in the mains input power factor. The simulation results were obtained in MathLab 10, and are the basis for confirming the method of increasing the active power factor at the mains input of a controlled two-link frequency converter.
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28

AHMADIAN, F., and R. ZARE. "Electronic structure and band alignments of ${\mbox{ZnTe} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {\mbox{ZnTe} {\mbox{CrTe(0 0 1)}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\mbox{CrTe}}}(0 0 1)$ , ${\mbox{CdSe} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {\mbox{CdSe} {\mbox{CrTe(0 0 1)}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\mbox{CrTe}}}(0 0 1)$ and ${\mbox{CdTe} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {\mbox{CdTe} {\mbox{CrTe(0 0 1)}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\mbox{CrTe}}}(0 0 1)$ interfaces." Pramana 77, no. 2 (2011): 383–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12043-011-0133-0.

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29

Morusupalli, Rao R., William D. Nix, Jamshed R. Patel, and Arief S. Budiman. "Comparison of Line Stress Predictions with Measured Electromigration Failure Times." MRS Proceedings 863 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-863-b7.7/o11.7.

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AbstractReliability of today's interconnect lines in microelectronic devices is critical to product lifetime. The metal interconnects are carriers of large current densities and mechanical stresses, which can cause void formation or metal extrusion into the passivation leading to failure. The modeling and simulation of stress evolution caused by electromigration in interconnect lines and vias can provide a means for predicting the time to failure of the device. A tool was developed using MathCAD for simulation of electromigration-induced stress in VLSI interconnect structures using a model of electromigration induced stress. This model solves the equations governing atomic diffusion and stress evolution in one dimension. A numerical solution scheme has been implemented to calculate the atomic fluxes and the evolution of mechanical stress in interconnects. The effects of line geometries and overhangs, material properties and electromigration stress conditions have been included in the simulation. The tool has been used to simulate electromigration-induced stress in pure Cu interconnects and a comparison of line stress predictions with measured electromigration failure times is studied. Two basic limiting cases were studied to place some bounds on the results. For a lower bound estimate of the stress it was assumed that the interface can be treated like a grain boundary in Cu. For an upper bound estimate it was assumed that the interface can be treated like a free surface of Cu. Existing data from experimental samples with known structure geometries and electromigration failure times were used to compare the electromigration failure times with predicted stress build-up in the interconnect lines.
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30

Arav, Igal, K. C. Matthew Cheung, Jerome P. Gauntlett, Matthew M. Roberts, and Christopher Rosen. "Superconformal RG interfaces in holography." Journal of High Energy Physics 2020, no. 11 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep11(2020)168.

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Abstract We construct gravitational solutions that holographically describe two different d = 4 SCFTs joined together at a co-dimension one, planar RG interface and preserving d = 3 superconformal symmetry. The RG interface joins $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 SYM theory on one side with the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 Leigh-Strassler SCFT on the other. We construct a family of such solutions, which in general are associated with spatially dependent mass deformations on the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 SYM side, but there is a particular solution for which these deformations vanish. We also construct a Janus solution with the Leigh-Strassler SCFT on either side of the interface. Gravitational solutions associated with superconformal interfaces involving ABJM theory and two d = 3 $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 SCFTs with G2 symmetry are also discussed and shown to have similar properties, but they also exhibit some new features.
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31

Hsin, Po-Shen, Ho Tat Lam, and Nathan Seiberg. "Comments on one-form global symmetries and their gauging in 3d and 4d." SciPost Physics 6, no. 3 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.21468/scipostphys.6.3.039.

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We study 3d and 4d systems with a one-form global symmetry, explore their consequences, and analyze their gauging. For simplicity, we focus on \mathbb{Z}_NℤN one-form symmetries. A 3d topological quantum field theory (TQFT) \mathcal{T}𝒯 with such a symmetry has NN special lines that generate it. The braiding of these lines and their spins are characterized by a single integer pp modulo 2N2N. Surprisingly, if \gcd(N,p)=1gcd(N,p)=1 the TQFT factorizes \mathcal{T}=\mathcal{T}'\otimes \mathcal{A}^{N,p}𝒯=𝒯′⊗𝒜N,p. Here \mathcal{T}'𝒯′ is a decoupled TQFT, whose lines are neutral under the global symmetry and \mathcal{A}^{N,p}𝒜N,p is a minimal TQFT with the \mathbb{Z}_NℤN one-form symmetry of label pp. The parameter pp labels the obstruction to gauging the \mathbb{Z}_NℤN one-form symmetry; i.e. it characterizes the ’t Hooft anomaly of the global symmetry. When p=0p=0 mod 2N2N, the symmetry can be gauged. Otherwise, it cannot be gauged unless we couple the system to a 4d bulk with gauge fields extended to the bulk. This understanding allows us to consider SU(N)SU(N) and PSU(N)PSU(N) 4d gauge theories. Their dynamics is gapped and it is associated with confinement and oblique confinement – probe quarks are confined. In the PSU(N)PSU(N) theory the low-energy theory can include a discrete gauge theory. We will study the behavior of the theory with a space-dependent \thetaθ-parameter, which leads to interfaces. Typically, the theory on the interface is not confining. Furthermore, the liberated probe quarks are anyons on the interface. The PSU(N)PSU(N) theory is obtained by gauging the \mathbb{Z}_NℤN one-form symmetry of the SU(N)SU(N) theory. Our understanding of the symmetries in 3d TQFTs allows us to describe the interface in the PSU(N)PSU(N) theory.
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Arav, Igal, K. C. Matthew Cheung, Jerome P. Gauntlett, Matthew M. Roberts, and Christopher Rosen. "Spatially modulated and supersymmetric mass deformations of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM." Journal of High Energy Physics 2020, no. 11 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep11(2020)156.

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Abstract We study mass deformations of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4, d = 4 SYM theory that are spatially modulated in one spatial dimension and preserve some residual supersymmetry. We focus on generalisations of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1∗ theories and show that it is also possible, for suitably chosen supersymmetric masses, to preserve d = 3 conformal symmetry associated with a co-dimension one interface. Holographic solutions can be constructed using D = 5 theories of gravity that arise from consistent truncations of SO(6) gauged supergravity and hence type IIB supergravity. For the mass deformations that preserve d = 3 superconformal symmetry we construct a rich set of Janus solutions of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 SYM theory which have the same coupling constant on either side of the interface. Limiting classes of these solutions give rise to RG interface solutions with $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 SYM on one side of the interface and the Leigh-Strassler (LS) SCFT on the other, and also to a Janus solution for the LS theory. Another limiting solution is a new supersymmetric AdS4× S1× S5 solution of type IIB supergravity.
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33

Dey, Parijat, and Alexander Söderberg. "On analytic bootstrap for interface and boundary CFT." Journal of High Energy Physics 2021, no. 7 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep07(2021)013.

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Abstract We use analytic bootstrap techniques for a CFT with an interface or a boundary. Exploiting the analytic structure of the bulk and boundary conformal blocks we extract the CFT data. We further constrain the CFT data by applying the equation of motion to the boundary operator expansion. The method presented in this paper is general, and it is illustrated in the context of perturbative Wilson-Fisher theories. In particular, we find constraints on the OPE coefficients for the interface CFT in 4 − ϵ dimensions (upto order $$ \mathcal{O} $$ O (ϵ2)) with ϕ4-interactions in the bulk. We also compute the corresponding coefficients for the non-unitary ϕ3-theory in 6 − ϵ dimensions in the presence of a conformal boundary equipped with either Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions upto order $$ \mathcal{O} $$ O (ϵ), or an interface upto order $$ \mathcal{O}\left(\sqrt{\epsilon}\right) $$ O ϵ .
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Chen, Kevin, and Michael Gutperle. "Janus solutions in three-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 8 gauged supergravity." Journal of High Energy Physics 2021, no. 5 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep05(2021)008.

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Abstract Janus solutions are constructed in d = 3, $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 8 gauged supergravity. We find explicit half-BPS solutions where two scalars in the SO(1, 8)/SO(8) coset have a nontrivial profile. These solutions correspond on the CFT side to an interface with a position-dependent expectation value for a relevant operator and a source which jumps across the interface for a marginal operator.
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Arav, Igal, K. C. Matthew Cheung, Jerome P. Gauntlett, Matthew M. Roberts, and Christopher Rosen. "A new family of AdS4 S-folds in type IIB string theory." Journal of High Energy Physics 2021, no. 5 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep05(2021)222.

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Abstract We construct infinite new classes of AdS4× S1× S5 solutions of type IIB string theory which have non-trivial SL(2, ℤ) monodromy along the S1 direction. The solutions are supersymmetric and holographically dual, generically, to $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 SCFTs in d = 3. The solutions are first constructed as AdS4× ℝ solutions in D = 5 SO(6) gauged supergravity and then uplifted to D = 10. Unlike the known AdS4× ℝ S-fold solutions, there is no continuous symmetry associated with the ℝ direction. The solutions all arise as limiting cases of Janus solutions of d = 4, $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 SYM theory which are supported both by a different value of the coupling constant on either side of the interface, as well as by fermion and boson mass deformations. As special cases, the construction recovers three known S-fold constructions, preserving $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1, 2 and 4 supersymmetry, as well as a recently constructed $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 AdS4× S1× S5 solution (not S-folded). We also present some novel “one-sided Janus” solutions that are non-singular.
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Bobev, Nikolay, Friðrik Freyr Gautason, Krzysztof Pilch, Minwoo Suh, and Jesse van Muiden. "Holographic interfaces in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM: Janus and J-folds." Journal of High Energy Physics 2020, no. 5 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep05(2020)134.

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37

Le Floch, B. "S-duality wall of SQCD from Toda braiding." Journal of High Energy Physics 2020, no. 10 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep10(2020)152.

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Abstract Exact field theory dualities can be implemented by duality domain walls such that passing any operator through the interface maps it to the dual operator. This paper describes the S-duality wall of four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 SU(N) SQCD with 2N hypermultiplets in terms of fields on the defect, namely three-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 SQCD with gauge group U(N − 1) and 2N flavours, with a monopole superpotential. The theory is self-dual under a duality found by Benini, Benvenuti and Pasquetti, in the same way that T[SU(N)] (the S-duality wall of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 super Yang-Mills) is self-mirror. The domain-wall theory can also be realized as a limit of a USp(2N − 2) gauge theory; it reduces to known results for N = 2. The theory is found through the AGT correspondence by determining the braiding kernel of two semi-degenerate vertex operators in Toda CFT.
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Dohnal, Tomáš, and Giulio Romani. "Eigenvalue bifurcation in doubly nonlinear problems with an application to surface plasmon polaritons." Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications NoDEA 28, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00030-020-00668-2.

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AbstractWe consider a class of generally non-self-adjoint eigenvalue problems which are nonlinear in the solution as well as in the eigenvalue parameter (“doubly” nonlinear). We prove a bifurcation result from simple isolated eigenvalues of the linear problem using a Lyapunov–Schmidt reduction and provide an expansion of both the nonlinear eigenvalue and the solution. We further prove that if the linear eigenvalue is real and the nonlinear problem $${\mathcal {PT}}$$ PT -symmetric, then the bifurcating nonlinear eigenvalue remains real. These general results are then applied in the context of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), i.e. localized solutions for the nonlinear Maxwell’s equations in the presence of one or more interfaces between dielectric and metal layers. We obtain the existence of transverse electric SPPs in certain $${\mathcal {PT}}$$ PT -symmetric configurations.
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Jo, Gwanghyun, and Do Young Kwak. "A Semi-Uniform Multigrid Algorithm for Solving Elliptic Interface Problems." Computational Methods in Applied Mathematics, September 11, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cmam-2020-0039.

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AbstractWe introduce a new geometric multigrid algorithm to solve elliptic interface problems. First we discretize the problems by the usual {P_{1}}-conforming finite element methods on a semi-uniform grid which is obtained by refining a uniform grid. To solve the algebraic system, we adopt subspace correction methods for which we use uniform grids as the auxiliary spaces. To enhance the efficiency of the algorithms, we define a new transfer operator between a uniform grid and a semi-uniform grid so that the transferred functions satisfy the flux continuity along the interface. In the auxiliary space, the system is solved by the usual multigrid algorithm with a similarly modified prolongation operator. We show {\mathcal{W}}-cycle convergence for the proposed multigrid algorithm. We demonstrate the performance of our multigrid algorithm for problems having various ratios of parameters. We observe that the computational complexity of our algorithms are robust for all problems we tested.
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Goto, Kanato, Lento Nagano, Tatsuma Nishioka, and Takuya Okuda. "Janus interface entropy and Calabi’s diastasis in four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 superconformal field theories." Journal of High Energy Physics 2020, no. 8 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep08(2020)048.

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Anderson, Louise, and Matthew M. Roberts. "Supersymmetric space-time symmetry breaking sources." Journal of High Energy Physics 2021, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep01(2021)050.

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Abstract We construct new families of deformed supersymmetric field theories which break space-time symmetries but preserve half of the original supersymmetry. We do this by writing deformations as couplings to background multiplets. In many cases it is important to use the off-shell representation as auxiliary fields of the non-dynamical fields must be turned on to preserve supersymmetry. We also consider backgrounds which preserve some superconformal symmetry, finding scale-invariant field profiles, as well as $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 theories on S3. We discuss how this is related to previous work on interface SCFTs and other holographic calculations.
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Petrolo, D., M. Ungarish, L. Chiapponi, V. Ciriello, and S. Longo. "Experimental verification of theoretical approaches for radial gravity currents draining from an edge." Acta Mechanica, September 24, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-021-03066-6.

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AbstractWe present an experimental study of inertial gravity currents (GCs) propagating in a cylindrical wedge under different drainage directions (inward/outward), lock-release (full/partial gate width) and geometry (annulus/full cylinder). We investigate the following combinations representative of operational conditions for dam-break flows: (i) inward drainage, annular reservoir, full gate; (ii) outward drainage, full reservoir, full gate; and (iii) outward drainage, full reservoir, partial gate. A single-layer shallow-water (SW) model is used for modelling the first two cases, while a box model interprets the third case; the results of these approximations are referred to as “theoretical”. We performed a first series of experiments with water as ambient fluid and brine as intruding fluid, measuring the time evolution of the volume in the reservoir and the velocity profiles in several sections; in a second series, air was the ambient and water was the intruding fluid. Careful measurements, accompanied by comparisons with the theoretical predictions, were performed for the behaviour of the interface, radial velocity and, most important, the volume decay $${\mathcal {V}}(t)/{\mathcal {V}}(0)$$ V ( t ) / V ( 0 ) . In general, there is good agreement: the theoretical volume decay is more rapid than the measured one, but the discrepancies are a few percent and the agreement improves as the Reynolds number increases. Velocity measurements show a trend correctly reproduced by the SW model, although often a delay is observed and an over- or under-estimation of the peak values. Some experiments were conducted to verify the role of inconsistencies between experimental set-up and model assumptions, considering, for example, the presence or absence of a top lid, wedge angle much less than $$2\pi $$ 2 π , suppression of the viscous corner at the centre, reduction of disturbances in the dynamics of the ambient fluid: all these effects resulted in negligible impacts on the overall error. These experiments provide corroboration to the simple models used for capturing radial drainage flows, and also elucidate some effects (like oscillations of the radial flux) that are beyond the resolution of the models. This holds also for partial width lock-release, where axial symmetry is lost.
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Krajenbrink, Alexandre, and Pierre Le Doussal. "Replica Bethe Ansatz solution to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation on the half-line." SciPost Physics 8, no. 3 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.21468/scipostphys.8.3.035.

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We consider the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation for the stochastic growth of an interface of height h(x,t)h(x,t) on the positive half line with boundary condition \partial_x h(x,t)|_{x=0}=A∂xh(x,t)|x=0=A. It is equivalent to a continuum directed polymer (DP) in a random potential in half-space with a wall at x=0x=0 either repulsive A>0A>0, or attractive A<0A<0. We provide an exact solution, using replica Bethe ansatz methods, to two problems which were recently proved to be equivalent [Parekh, arXiv:1901.09449]: the droplet initial condition for arbitrary A \geqslant -1/2A≥−1/2, and the Brownian initial condition with a drift for A=+\inftyA=+∞ (infinite hard wall). We study the height at x=0x=0 and obtain (i) at all time the Laplace transform of the distribution of its exponential (ii) at infinite time, its exact probability distribution function (PDF). These are expressed in two equivalent forms, either as a Fredholm Pfaffian with a matrix valued kernel, or as a Fredholm determinant with a scalar kernel. For droplet initial conditions and A> - \frac{1}{2}A>−12 the large time PDF is the GSE Tracy-Widom distribution. For A= \frac{1}{2}A=12, the critical point at which the DP binds to the wall, we obtain the GOE Tracy-Widom distribution. In the critical region, A+\frac{1}{2} = \epsilon t^{-1/3} \to 0A+12=ϵt−1/3→0 with fixed \epsilon = \mathcal{O}(1)ϵ=𝒪(1), we obtain a transition kernel continuously depending on \epsilonϵ. Our work extends the results obtained previously for A=+\inftyA=+∞, A=0A=0 and A=- \frac{1}{2}A=−12.
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Harley, Ross. "Light-Air-Portals: Visual Notes on Differential Mobility." M/C Journal 12, no. 1 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.132.

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0. IntroductionIf we follow the line of much literature surrounding airports and urban mobility, the emphasis often falls on the fact that these spaces are designed to handle the mega-scale and super-human pace of mass transit. Airports have rightly been associated with velocity, as zones of rapid movement managed by enormous processing systems that guide bodies and things in transit (Pascoe; Pearman; Koolhaas; Gordon; Fuller & Harley). Yet this emphasis tends to ignore the spectrum of tempos and flows that are at play in airport terminals — from stillness to the much exalted hyper-rapidity of mobilized publics in the go-go world of commercial aviation.In this photo essay I'd like to pull a different thread and ask whether it's possible to think of aeromobility in terms of “uneven, differential mobility” (Bissell 280). What would it mean to consider waiting and stillness as forms of bodily engagement operating over a number of different scales and temporalities of movement and anticipation, without privileging speed over stillness? Instead of thinking mobility and stillness as diametrically opposed, can we instead conceive of them as occupying a number of different spatio-temporal registers in a dynamic range of mobility? The following is a provisional "visual ethnography" constructed from photographs of air terminal light boxes I have taken over the last five years (in Amsterdam, London, Chicago, Frankfurt, and Miami). Arranged into a "taxonomy of differentiality", each of these images comes from a slightly different angle, mode or directionality. Each view of these still images displayed in billboard-scale light-emitting devices suggests that there are multiple dimensions of visuality and bodily experience at play in these image-objects. The airport is characterized by an abundance of what appears to be empty space. This may be due to the sheer scale of mass transport, but it also arises from a system of active and non-active zones located throughout contemporary terminals. This photo series emphasises the "emptiness" of these overlooked left-over spaces that result from demands of circulation and construction.1. We Move the WorldTo many travellers, airport gate lounges and their surrounding facilities are loaded with a variety of contradictory associations and affects. Their open warehouse banality and hard industrial sterility tune our bodies to the vast technical and commercial systems that are imbricated through almost every aspect of contemporary everyday life.Here at the departure gate the traveller's body comes to a moment's rest. They are granted a short respite from the anxious routines of check in, body scans, security, information processing, passport scanning, itineraries, boarding procedures and wayfaring the terminal. The landside processing system deposits them at this penultimate point before final propulsion into the invisible airways that pipe them into their destination. We hear the broadcasting of boarding times, check-in times, name's of people that break them away from stillness, forcing people to move, to re-arrange themselves, or to hurry up. Along the way the passenger encounters a variety of techno-spatial experiences that sit at odds with the overriding discourse of velocity, speed and efficiency that lie at the centre of our social understanding of air travel. The airline's phantasmagorical projections of itself as guarantor and enabler of mass mobilities coincides uncomfortably with the passenger's own wish-fulfilment of escape and freedom.In this we can agree with the designer Bruce Mau when he suggests that these projection systems, comprised of "openings of every sort — in schedules, in urban space, on clothes, in events, on objects, in sightlines — are all inscribed with the logic of the market” (Mau 7). The advertising slogans and images everywhere communicate the dual concept that the aviation industry can deliver the world to us on time while simultaneously porting us to any part of the world still willing to accept Diners, VISA or American Express. At each point along the way these openings exhort us to stop, to wait in line, to sit still or to be patient. The weird geographies depicted by the light boxes appear like interpenetrating holes in space and time. These travel portals are strangely still, and only activated by the impending promise of movement.Be still and relax. Your destination is on its way. 2. Attentive AttentionAlongside the panoramic widescreen windows that frame the choreography of the tarmac and flight paths outside, appear luminous advertising light boxes. Snapped tightly to grid and locked into strategic sightlines and thoroughfares, these wall pieces are filled with a rotating menu of contemporary airport haiku and ersatz Swiss graphic design.Mechanically conditioned air pumped out of massive tubes creates the atmosphere for a very particular amalgam of daylight, tungsten, and fluorescent light waves. Low-oxygen-emitting indoor plants are no match for the diesel-powered plant rooms that maintain the constant flow of air to every nook and cranny of this massive processing machine. As Rem Koolhaas puts it, "air conditioning has launched the endless building. If architecture separates buildings, air conditioning unites them" (Koolhaas). In Koolhaas's lingo, these are complex "junkspaces" unifying, colliding and coalescing a number of different circulatory systems, temporalities and mobilities.Gillian Fuller reminds us there is a lot of stopping and going and stopping in the global circulatory system typified by air-terminal-space.From the packing of clothes in fixed containers to strapping your belt – tight and low – stillness and all its requisite activities, technologies and behaviours are fundamental to the ‘flow’ architectures that organize the motion of the globalizing multitudes of today (Fuller, "Store" 63). It is precisely this functional stillness organised around the protocols of store and forward that typifies digital systems, the packet switching of network cultures and the junkspace of airports alike.In these zones of transparency where everything is on view, the illuminated windows so proudly brought to us by J C Decaux flash forward to some idealized moment in the future. In this anticipatory moment, the passenger's every fantasy of in-flight service is attended to. The ultimate in attentiveness (think dimmed lights, soft pillows and comfy blankets), this still image is captured from an improbable future suspended behind the plywood and steel seating available in the moment —more reminiscent of park benches in public parks than the silver-service imagined for the discerning traveller.3. We Know ChicagoSelf-motion is itself a demonstration against the earth-binding weight of gravity. If we climb or fly, our defiance is greater (Appleyard 180).The commercial universe of phones, cameras, computer network software, financial instruments, and an array of fancy new gadgets floating in the middle of semi-forgotten transit spaces constitutes a singular interconnected commercial organism. The immense singularity of these claims to knowledge and power loom solemnly before us asserting their rights in the Esperanto of "exclusive rollover minutes", "nationwide long distance", "no roaming charges" and insider local knowledge. The connective tissue that joins one part of the terminal to a commercial centre in downtown Chicago is peeled away, revealing techno-veins and tendrils reaching to the sky. It's a graphic view that offers none of the spectacular openness and flights of fancy associated with the transit lounges located on the departure piers and satellites. Along these circulatory ribbons we experience the still photography and the designer's arrangement of type to attract the eye and lure the body. The blobby diagonals of the telco's logo blend seamlessly with the skyscraper's ribbons of steel, structural exoskeleton and wireless telecommunication cloud.In this plastinated anatomy, the various layers of commercially available techno-space stretch out before the traveller. Here we have no access to the two-way vistas made possible by the gigantic transparent tube structures of the contemporary air terminal. Waiting within the less travelled zones of the circulatory system we find ourselves suspended within the animating system itself. In these arteries and capillaries the flow is spread out and comes close to a halt in the figure of the graphic logo. We know Chicago is connected to us.In the digital logic of packet switching and network effects, there is no reason to privilege the go over the stop, the moving over the waiting. These light box portals do not mirror our bodies, almost at a complete standstill now. Instead they echo the commercial product world that they seek to transfuse us into. What emerges is a new kind of relational aesthetics that speaks to the complex corporeal, temporal, and architectural dimensions of stillness and movement in transit zones: like "a game, whose forms, patterns and functions develop and evolve according to periods and social contexts” (Bourriaud 11). 4. Machine in the CaféIs there a possible line of investigation suggested by the fact that sound waves become visible on the fuselage of jet planes just before they break the sound barrier? Does this suggest that the various human senses are translatable one into the other at various intensities (McLuhan 180)?Here, the technological imaginary contrasts itself with the techno alfresco dining area enclosed safely behind plate glass. Inside the cafes and bars, the best businesses in the world roll out their biggest guns to demonstrate the power, speed and scale of their network coverage (Remmele). The glass windows and light boxes "have the power to arrest a crowd around a commodity, corralling them in chic bars overlooking the runway as they wait for their call, but also guiding them where to go next" (Fuller, "Welcome" 164). The big bulbous plane sits plump in its hangar — no sound barriers broken here. It reassures us that our vehicle is somewhere there in the network, resting at its STOP before its GO. Peeking through the glass wall and sharing a meal with us, this interpenetrative transparency simultaneously joins and separates two planar dimensions — machinic perfection on one hand, organic growth and death on the other (Rowe and Slutsky; Fuller, "Welcome").Bruce Mau is typical in suggesting that the commanding problem of the twentieth century was speed, represented by the infamous image of a US Navy Hornet fighter breaking the sound barrier in a puff of smoke and cloud. It has worked its way into every aspect of the design experience, manufacturing, computation and transport.But speed masks more than it reveals. The most pressing problem facing designers and citizens alike is growth — from the unsustainable logic of infinite growth in GDP to the relentless application of Moore's Law to the digital networks and devices that define contemporary society in the first world. The shift of emphasis from speed to growth as a time-based event with breaking points and moments of rupture has generated new possibilities. "Growth is nonlinear and unpredictable ... Few of us are ready to admit that growth is constantly shadowed by its constitutive opposite, that is equal partners with death” (Mau 497).If speed in part represents a flight from death (Virilio), growth invokes its biological necessity. In his classic study of the persistence of the pastoral imagination in technological America, The Machine in the Garden, Leo Marx charted the urge to idealize rural environments at the advent of an urban industrialised America. The very idea of "the flight from the city" can be understood as a response to the onslaught of technological society and it's deathly shadow. Against the murderous capacity of technological society stood the pastoral ideal, "incorporated in a powerful metaphor of contradiction — a way of ordering meaning and value that clarifies our situation today" (Marx 4). 5. Windows at 35,000 FeetIf waiting and stillness are active forms of bodily engagement, we need to consider the different layers of motion and anticipation embedded in the apprehension of these luminous black-box windows. In The Virtual Window, Anne Friedberg notes that the Old Norse derivation of the word window “emphasizes the etymological root of the eye, open to the wind. The window aperture provides ventilation for the eye” (103).The virtual windows we are considering here evoke notions of view and shelter, open air and sealed protection, both separation from and connection to the outside. These windows to nowhere allow two distinct visual/spatial dimensions to interface, immediately making the visual field more complex and fragmented. Always simultaneously operating on at least two distinct fields, windows-within-windows provide a specialized mode of spatial and temporal navigation. As Gyorgy Kepes suggested in the 1940s, the transparency of windows "implies more than an optical characteristic; it implies a broader spatial order. Transparency means a simultaneous perception of different spatial locations" (Kepes 77).The first windows in the world were openings in walls, without glass and designed to allow air and light to fill the architectural structure. Shutters were fitted to control air flow, moderate light and to enclose the space completely. It was not until the emergence of glass technologies (especially in Holland, home of plate glass for the display of commercial products) that shielding and protection also allowed for unhindered views (by way of transparent glass). This gives rise to the thesis that windows are part of a longstanding architectural/technological system that moderates the dual functions of transparency and separation. With windows, multi-dimensional planes and temporalities can exist in the same time and space — hence a singular point of experience is layered with many other dimensions. Transparency and luminosity "ceases to be that which is perfectly clear and becomes instead that which is clearly ambiguous" (Rowe and Slutsky 45). The light box air-portals necessitate a constant fluctuation and remediation that is at once multi-planar, transparent and "hard to read". They are informatic.From holes in the wall to power lunch at 35,000 feet, windows shape the manner in which light, information, sights, smells, temperature and so on are modulated in society. "By allowing the outside in and the inside out, [they] enable cosmos and construction to innocently, transparently, converge" (Fuller, "Welcome" 163). Laptop, phone, PDA and light box point to the differential mobilities within a matrix that traverses multiple modes of transparency and separation, rest and flight, stillness and speed.6. Can You Feel It?Increasingly the whole world has come to smell alike: gasoline, detergents, plumbing, and junk foods coalesce into the catholic smog of our age (Illich 47).In these forlorn corners of mobile consumption, the dynamic of circulation simultaneously slows and opens out. The surfaces of inscription implore us to see them at precisely the moment we feel unseen, unguided and off-camera. Can you see it, can you feel it, can you imagine the unimaginable, all available to us on demand? Expectation and anticipation give us something to look forward to, but we're not sure we want what's on offer.Air travel radicalizes the separation of the air traveller from ground at one instance and from the atmosphere at another. Air, light, temperature and smell are all screened out or technologically created by the terminal plant and infrastructure. The closer the traveller moves towards stillness, the greater the engagement with senses that may have been ignored by the primacy of the visual in so much of this circulatory space. Smell, hunger, tiredness, cold and hardness cannot be screened out.In this sense, the airplanes we board are terminal extensions, flying air-conditioned towers or groundscrapers jet-propelled into highways of the air. Floating above the horizon, immersed in a set of logistically ordained trajectories and pressurized bubbles, we look out the window and don't see much at all. Whatever we do see, it's probably on the screen in front of us which disconnects us from one space-time-velocity at the same time that it plugs us into another set of relations. As Koolhaas says, junkspace is "held together not by structure, but by skin, like a bubble" (Koolhaas). In these distended bubbles, the traveler momentarily occupies an uncommon transit space where stillness is privileged and velocity is minimized. The traveler's body itself is "engaged in and enacting a whole kaleidoscope of different everyday practices and forms" during the course of this less-harried navigation (Bissell 282).7. Elevator MusicsThe imaginary wheel of the kaleidoscope spins to reveal a waiting body-double occupying the projected territory of what appears to be a fashionable Miami. She's just beyond our reach, but beside her lies a portal to another dimension of the terminal's vascular system.Elevators and the networks of shafts and vents that house them, are to our buildings like veins and arteries to the body — conduits that permeate and structure the spaces of our lives while still remaining separate from the fixity of the happenings around them (Garfinkel 175). The terminal space contains a number of apparent cul-de-sacs and escape routes. Though there's no background music piped in here, another soundtrack can be heard. The Muzak corporation may douse the interior of the elevator with its own proprietary aural cologne, but at this juncture the soundscape is more "open". This functional shifting of sound from figure to ground encourages peripheral hearing, providing "an illusion of distended time", sonically separated from the continuous hum of "generators, ventilation systems and low-frequency electrical lighting" (Lanza 43).There is another dimension to this acoustic realm: “The mobile ecouteur contracts the flows of information that are supposed to keep bodies usefully and efficiently moving around ... and that turn them into functions of information flows — the speedy courier, the networking executive on a mobile phone, the scanning eyes of the consumer” (Munster 18).An elevator is a grave says an old inspector's maxim, and according to others, a mechanism to cross from one world to another. Even the quintessential near death experience with its movement down a long illuminated tunnel, Garfinkel reminds us, “is not unlike the sensation of movement we experience, or imagine, in a long swift elevator ride” (Garfinkel 191).8. States of SuspensionThe suspended figure on the screen occupies an impossible pose in an impossible space: half falling, half resting, an anti-angel for today's weary air traveller. But it's the same impossible space revealed by the airport and bundled up in the experience of flight. After all, the dimension this figures exists in — witness the amount of activity in his suspension — is almost like a black hole with the surrounding universe collapsing into it. The figure is crammed into the light box uncomfortably like passengers in the plane, and yet occupies a position that does not exist in the Cartesian universe.We return to the glossy language of advertising, its promise of the external world of places and products delivered to us by the image and the network of travel. (Remmele) Here we can go beyond Virilio's vanishing point, that radical reversibility where inside and outside coincide. Since everybody has already reached their destination, for Virilio it has become completely pointless to leave: "the inertia that undermines your corporeity also undermines the GLOBAL and the LOCAL; but also, just as much, the MOBILE and the IMMOBILE” (Virilio 123; emphasis in original).In this clinical corner of stainless steel, glass bricks and exit signs hangs an animated suspension that articulates the convergence of a multitude of differentials in one image. Fallen into the weirdest geometry in the world, it's as if the passenger exists in a non-place free of all traces. Flows and conglomerates follow one another, accumulating in the edges, awaiting their moment to be sent off on another trajectory, occupying so many spatio-temporal registers in a dynamic range of mobility.ReferencesAppleyard, Donald. "Motion, Sequence and the City." The Nature and Art of Motion. Ed. Gyorgy Kepes. New York: George Braziller, 1965. Adey, Peter. "If Mobility Is Everything Then It Is Nothing: Towards a Relational Politics of (Im)mobilities." Mobilities 1.1 (2006): 75–95. Bissell, David. “Animating Suspension: Waiting for Mobilities.” Mobilities 2.2 (2007): 277-298.Bourriaud, Nicolas. Relational Aesthetics. Trans. Simon Pleasance and Fronza Woods. Paris: Les Presses du Reel, 2002. Classen, Constance. “The Deodorized City: Battling Urban Stench in the Nineteenth Century.” Sense of the City: An Alternate Approach to Urbanism. Ed. Mirko Zardini. Baden: Lars Muller Publishers, 2005. 292-322. Friedberg, Anne. The Virtual Window: From Alberti to Microsoft. Cambridge: MIT P, 2006. Fuller, Gillian, and Ross Harley. Aviopolis: A Book about Airports. London: Black Dog Publishing, 2005. Fuller, Gillian. "Welcome to Windows: Motion Aesthetics at the Airport." Ed. Mark Salter. Politics at the Airport. Minnesota: U of Minnesota P, 2008. –––. "Store Forward: Architectures of a Future Tense". Ed. John Urry, Saolo Cwerner, Sven Kesselring. Air Time Spaces: Theory and Method in Aeromobilities Research. London: Routledge, 2008. 63-75.Garfinkel, Susan. “Elevator Stories: Vertical Imagination and the Spaces of Possibility.” Up Down Across: Elevators, Escalators, and Moving Sidewalks. Ed. Alisa Goetz. London: Merrell, 2003. 173-196. Gordon, Alastair. Naked Airport: A Cultural History of the World's Most Revolutionary Structure. New York: Metropolitan, 2004.Illich, Ivan. H2O and the Waters of Forgetfulness: Reflections on the Historicity of Stuff. Dallas: Dallas Institute of Humanities and Culture, 1985. Kepes, Gyorgy. Language of Vision. New York: Dover Publications, 1995 (1944). Koolhass, Rem. "Junkspace." Content. 6 Mar. 2009 ‹http://www.btgjapan.org/catalysts/rem.html›.Lanza, Joseph. "The Sound of Cottage Cheese (Why Background Music Is the Real World Beat!)." Performing Arts Journal 13.3 (Sep. 1991): 42-53. McLuhan, Marshall. “Is It Natural That One Medium Should Appropriate and Exploit Another.” McLuhan: Hot and Cool. Ed. Gerald Emanuel Stearn. Middlesex: Penguin, 1967. 172-182. Marx, Leo. The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Ideal in America. London: Oxford U P, 1964. Mau, Bruce. Life Style. Ed. Kyo Maclear with Bart Testa. London: Phaidon, 2000. Munster, Anna. Materializing New Media: Embodiment in Information Aesthetics. New England: Dartmouth, 2006. Pascoe, David. Airspaces. London: Reaktion, 2001. Pearman, Hugh. Airports: A Century of Architecture. New York: Abrams, 2004. Remmele, Mathias. “An Invitation to Fly: Poster Art in the Service of Civilian Air Travel.” Airworld: Design and Architecture for Air Travel. Ed. Alexander von Vegesack and Jochen Eisenbrand. Weil am Rhein: Vitra Design Museum, 2004. 230-262. Rowe, Colin, and Robert Slutsky. Transparency: Literal and Phenomenal. Perspecta 8 (1963): 45-54. Virilio, Paul. City of Panic. Trans. Julie Rose. Oxford: Berg, 2005.
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Chavdarov, Anatoliy V. "Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 Journal > Special Issue > Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 > Page 5 “Quantative Methods in Modern Science” organized by Academic Paper Ltd, Russia MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE GENUS GAGEA SALISB., GROWING IN THE EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION Authors: Zhamal T. Igissinova,Almash A. Kitapbayeva,Anargul S. Sharipkhanova,Alexander L. Vorobyev,Svetlana F. Kolosova,Zhanat K. Idrisheva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00041 Abstract: Due to ecological preferences among species of the genus GageaSalisb, many plants are qualified as rare and/or endangered. Therefore, the problem of rational use of natural resources, in particular protection of early spring plant species is very important. However, literary sources analysis only reveals data on the biology of species of this genus. The present research,conducted in the spring of 2017-2019, focuses on anatomical and morphological features of two Altai species: Gagealutea and Gagea minima; these features were studied, clarified and confirmed by drawings and photographs. The anatomical structure of the stem and leaf blade was studied in detail. The obtained research results will prove useful for studies of medicinal raw materials and honey plants. The aforementioned species are similar in morphological features, yet G. minima issmaller in size, and its shoots appear earlier than those of other species Keywords: Flora,gageas,Altai species,vegetative organs., Refference: I. Atlas of areas and resources of medicinal plants of Kazakhstan.Almaty, 2008. II. Baitenov M.S. Flora of Kazakhstan.Almaty: Ġylym, 2001. III. DanilevichV. G. ThegenusGageaSalisb. of WesternTienShan. PhD Thesis, St. Petersburg,1996. IV. EgeubaevaR.A., GemedzhievaN.G. The current state of stocks of medicinal plants in some mountain ecosystems of Kazakhstan.Proceedings of the international scientific conference ‘”Results and prospects for the development of botanical science in Kazakhstan’, 2002. V. Kotukhov Yu.A. New species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) from Southern Altai. Bot. Journal.1989;74(11). VI. KotukhovYu.A. ListofvascularplantsofKazakhstanAltai. Botan. Researches ofSiberiaandKazakhstan.2005;11. VII. KotukhovYu. The current state of populations of rare and endangered plants in Eastern Kazakhstan. Almaty: AST, 2009. VIII. Kotukhov Yu.A., DanilovaA.N., AnufrievaO.A. Synopsisoftheonions (AlliumL.) oftheKazakhstanAltai, Sauro-ManrakandtheZaisandepression. BotanicalstudiesofSiberiaandKazakhstan. 2011;17: 3-33. IX. Kotukhov, Yu.A., Baytulin, I.O. Rareandendangered, endemicandrelictelementsofthefloraofKazakhstanAltai. MaterialsoftheIntern. scientific-practical. conf. ‘Sustainablemanagementofprotectedareas’.Almaty: Ridder, 2010. X. Krasnoborov I.M. et al. The determinant of plants of the Republic of Altai. Novosibirsk: SB RAS, 2012. XI. Levichev I.G. On the species status of Gagea Rubicunda. Botanical Journal.1997;6:71-76. XII. Levichev I.G. A new species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae). Botanical Journal. 2000;7: 186-189. XIII. Levichev I.G., Jangb Chang-gee, Seung Hwan Ohc, Lazkovd G.A.A new species of genus GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) from Kyrgyz Republic (Western Tian Shan, Chatkal Range, Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve). Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity.2019; 12: 341-343. XIV. Peterson A., Levichev I.G., Peterson J. Systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae) and infrageneric classification of Gagea based on molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.2008; 46. XV. Peruzzi L., Peterson A., Tison J.-M., Peterson J. Phylogenetic relationships of GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) in Italy, inferred from molecular and morphological data matrices. Plant Systematics and Evolution; 2008: 276. XVI. Rib R.D. Honey plants of Kazakhstan. Advertising Digest, 2013. XVII. Scherbakova L.I., Shirshikova N.A. Flora of medicinal plants in the vicinity of Ust-Kamenogorsk. Collection of materials of the scientific-practical conference ‘Unity of Education, Science and Innovation’. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2011. XVIII. syganovA.P. PrimrosesofEastKazakhstan. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2001. XIX. Tsyganov A.P. Flora and vegetation of the South Altai Tarbagatay. Berlin: LAP LAMBERT,2014. XX. Utyasheva, T.R., Berezovikov, N.N., Zinchenko, Yu.K. ProceedingsoftheMarkakolskStateNatureReserve. Ust-Kamenogorsk, 2009. XXI. Xinqi C, Turland NJ. Gagea. Flora of China.2000;24: 117-121. XXII. Zarrei M., Zarre S., Wilkin P., Rix E.M. Systematic revision of the genus GageaSalisb. (Liliaceae) in Iran.BotJourn Linn Soc.2007;154. XXIII. Zarrei M., Wilkin P., Ingroille M.J., Chase M.W. A revised infrageneric classification for GageaSalisb. (Tulipeae; Liliaceae): insights from DNA sequence and morphological data.Phytotaxa.2011:5. View | Download INFLUENCE OF SUCCESSION CROPPING ON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF NO-TILL CROP ROTATIONS Authors: Victor K. Dridiger,Roman S. Stukalov,Rasul G. Gadzhiumarov,Anastasiya A. Voropaeva,Viktoriay A. Kolomytseva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00042 Abstract: This study was aimed at examining the influence of succession cropping on the economic efficiency of no-till field crop rotations on the black earth in the zone of unstable moistening of the Stavropol krai. A long-term stationary experiment was conducted to examine for the purpose nine field crop rotation patterns different in the number of fields (four to six), set of crops, and their succession in crop rotation. The respective shares of legumes, oilseeds, and cereals in the cropping pattern were 17 to 33, 17 to 40, and 50 to 67 %. It has been established that in case of no-till field crop cultivation the economic efficiency of plant production depends on the set of crops and their succession in rotation. The most economically efficient type of crop rotation is the soya-winter wheat-peas-winter wheat-sunflower-corn six-field rotation with two fields of legumes: in this rotation 1 ha of crop rotation area yields 3 850 grain units per ha at a grain unit prime cost of 5.46 roubles; the plant production output return and profitability were 20,888 roubles per ha and 113 %, respectively. The high production profitabilities provided by the soya-winter wheat-sunflower four-field and the soya-winter-wheat-sunflower-corn-winter wheat five-field crop rotation are 108.7 and 106.2 %, respectively. The inclusion of winter wheat in crop rotation for two years in a row reduces the second winter wheat crop yield by 80 to 100 %, which means a certain reduction in the grain unit harvesting rate to 3.48-3.57 thousands per ha of rotation area and cuts the production profitability down to 84.4-92.3 %. This is why, no-till cropping should not include winter wheat for a second time Keywords: No-till technology,crop rotation,predecessor,yield,return,profitability, Refference: I Badakhova G. Kh. and Knutas A. V., Stavropol Krai: Modern Climate Conditions [Stavropol’skiykray: sovremennyyeklimaticheskiyeusloviya]. Stavropol: SUE Krai Communication Networks, 2007. II Cherkasov G. N. and Akimenko A. S. Scientific Basis of Modernization of Crop Rotations and Formation of Their Systems according to the Specializations of Farms in the Central Chernozem Region [Osnovy moderniz atsiisevooborotoviformirovaniyaikh sistem v sootvetstvii so spetsi-alizatsiyeykhozyaystvTsentral’nogoChernozem’ya]. Zemledelie. 2017; 4: 3-5. III Decree 330 of July 6, 2017 the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia “On Approving Coefficients of Converting to Agricultural Crops to Grain Units [Ob utverzhdeniikoeffitsiyentovperevoda v zernovyyee dinitsysel’s kokhozyaystvennykhkul’tur]. IV Dridiger V. K., About Methods of Research of No-Till Technology [O metodikeissledovaniytekhnologii No-till]//Achievements of Science and Technology of AIC (Dostizheniyanaukiitekhniki APK). 2016; 30 (4): 30-32. V Dridiger V. K. and Gadzhiumarov R. G. Growth, Development, and Productivity of Soya Beans Cultivated On No-Till Technology in the Zone of Unstable Moistening of Stavropol Region [Rost, razvitiyeiproduktivnost’ soiprivozdelyvaniipotekhnologii No-till v zone ne-ustoychivog ouvlazhneniyaStavropol’skogokraya]//Oil Crops RTBVNIIMK (Maslichnyyekul’turyNTBVNIIMK). 2018; 3 (175): 52–57. VI Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Eroshenko F. V., Stukalov R. S., Gadzhiumarov, R. G., Effekt of No-till Technology on erosion resistance, the population of earthworms and humus content in soil (Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till naprotivoerozionnuyuustoychivost’, populyatsiyudozhdevykhcherveyisoderzhaniyegumusa v pochve)//Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2018; 9 (2): 766-770. VII Karabutov A. P., Solovichenko V. D., Nikitin V. V. et al., Reproduction of Soil Fertility, Productivity and Energy Efficiency of Crop Rotations [Vosproizvodstvoplodorodiyapochv, produktivnost’ ienergeticheskayaeffektivnost’ sevooborotov]. Zemledelie. 2019; 2: 3-7. VIII Kulintsev V. V., Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Kovtun V. I., Zhukova M. P., Effekt of No-till Technology on The Available Moisture Content and Soil Density in The Crop Rotation [Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till nasoderzhaniyedostupnoyvlagiiplotnost’ pochvy v sevoob-orote]// Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2017; 8 (6): 795-99. IX Kulintsev V. V., Godunova E. I., Zhelnakova L. I. et al., Next-Gen Agriculture System for Stavropol Krai: Monograph [SistemazemledeliyanovogopokoleniyaStavropol’skogokraya: Monogtafiya]. Stavropol: AGRUS Publishers, Stavropol State Agrarian University, 2013. X Lessiter Frank, 29 reasons why many growers are harvesting higher no-till yields in their fields than some university scientists find in research plots//No-till Farmer. 2015; 44 (2): 8. XI Rodionova O. A. Reproduction and Exchange-Distributive Relations in Farming Entities [Vosproizvodstvoiobmenno-raspredelitel’nyyeotnosheniya v sel’skokhozyaystvennykhorganizatsiyakh]//Economy, Labour, and Control in Agriculture (Ekonomika, trud, upravleniye v sel’skomkhozyaystve). 2010; 1 (2): 24-27. XII Sandu I. S., Svobodin V. A., Nechaev V. I., Kosolapova M. V., and Fedorenko V. F., Agricultural Production Efficiency: Recommended Practices [Effektivnost’ sel’skokhozyaystvennogoproizvodstva (metodicheskiyerekomendatsii)]. Moscow: Rosinforagrotech, 2013. XIII Sotchenko V. S. Modern Corn Cultivation Technologies [Sovremennayatekhnologiyavozdelyvaniya]. Moscow: Rosagrokhim, 2009. View | Download DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF AUTONOMOUS PORTABLE SEISMOMETER DESIGNED FOR USE AT ULTRALOW TEMPERATURES IN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT Authors: Mikhail A. Abaturov,Yuriy V. Sirotinskiy, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00043 Abstract: This paper is concerned with solving one of the issues of the general problem of designing geophysical equipment for the natural climatic environment of the Arctic. The relevance of the topic has to do with an increased global interest in this region. The paper is aimed at considering the basic principles of developing and the procedure of testing seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. In this paper the indicated issue is considered through the example of a seismic module designed for petroleum and gas exploration by passive seismoacoustic methods. The seismic module is a direct-burial portable unit of around 5 kg in weight, designed to continuously measure and record microseismic triaxial orthogonal (ZNE) noise in a range from 0.1 to 45 Hz during several days in autonomous mode. The functional chart of designing the seismic module was considered, and concrete conclusions were made for choosing the necessary components to meet the ultralow-temperature operational requirements. The conclusions made served for developing appropriate seismic module. In this case, the components and tools used included a SAFT MP 176065 xc low-temperature lithium cell, industrial-spec electronic component parts, a Zhaofeng Geophysical ZF-4.5 Chinese primary electrodynamic seismic sensor, housing seal parts made of frost-resistant silicone materials, and finely dispersed silica gel used as water-retaining sorbent to avoid condensation in the housing. The paper also describes a procedure of low-temperature collation tests at the lab using a New Brunswick Scientific freezing plant. The test results proved the operability of the developed equipment at ultralow temperatures down to -55°C. In addition, tests were conducted at low microseismic noises in the actual Arctic environment. The possibility to detect signals in a range from 1 to 10 Hz at the level close to the NLNM limit (the Peterson model) has been confirmed, which allows monitoring and exploring petroleum and gas deposits by passive methods. As revealed by this study, the suggested approaches are efficient in developing high-precision mobile seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. The solution of the considered instrumentation and methodical issues is of great practical significance as a constituent of the generic problem of Arctic exploration. Keywords: Seismic instrumentation,microseismic monitoring,Peterson model,geological exploration,temperature ratings,cooling test, Refference: I. AD797: Ultralow Distortion, Ultralow Noise Op Amp, Analog Devices, Inc., Data Sheet (Rev. K). Analog Devices, Inc. URL: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD797.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). II. Agafonov, V. M., Egorov, I. V., and Shabalina, A. S. Operating Principles and Technical Characteristics of a Small-Sized Molecular–Electronic Seismic Sensor with Negative Feedback [Printsipyraboty I tekhnicheskiyekharakteristikimalogabaritnogomolekulyarno-elektronnogoseysmodatchika s otritsatel’noyobratnoysvyaz’yu]. SeysmicheskiyePribory (Seismic Instruments). 2014; 50 (1): 1–8. DOI: 10.3103/S0747923914010022. III. Antonovskaya, G., Konechnaya, Ya.,Kremenetskaya, E., Asming, V., Kvaema, T., Schweitzer, J., Ringdal, F. Enhanced Earthquake Monitoring in the European Arctic. Polar Science. 2015; 1 (9): 158-167. 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Chao Xu, Junbo Wang, Deyong Chen, Jian Chen, Bowen Liu, Wenjie Qi, XichenZheng, Hua Wei, Guoqing Zhang. The Electrochemical Seismometer Based on a Novel Designed.Sensing Electrode for Undersea Exploration. 20th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems &Eurosensors XXXIII (TRANSDUCERS &EUROSENSORS XXXIII). IEEE, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TRANSDUCERS.2019.8808450. VIII. Chebotareva, I. Ya. New algorithms of emission tomography for passive seismic monitoring of a producing hydrocarbon deposit: Part I. Algorithms of processing and numerical simulation [Novyye algoritmyemissionnoyto mografiidlyapassivnogoseysmicheskogomonitoringarazrabatyvayemykhmestorozhdeniyuglevodorodov. Chast’ I: Algoritmyobrabotki I chislennoyemodelirovaniye]. FizikaZemli. 2010; 46(3):187-98. DOI: 10.1134/S106935131003002X IX. Danilov, A. V. and Konechnaya, Ya. V. Analytical comparison of seismic instruments for stationary surveys in the Arctic [Sravnitel’nyyanalizseysmicheskoyapparaturydlyastatsionarnykhnablyudeniy v Arktike]. DSYS. URL: https://dsys.ru/upload/id254_docPDF_FranzJosefLand.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). X. Dew point temperature calculator. Maple Tech. International LLC. URL: https://www.calculator.net/dew-point-calculator.html?airtemperature=20&airtemperatureunit=celsius&humidity=0.34&dewpoint=&dewpointunit=celsius&x=51&y=14(Date of access September 2, 2019). XI. Frolov, A. S. Matching of wave fields recorded by different geophysical receivers [Soglasovaniyevolnovykhpoley, poluchennykh s primeneniyemrazlichnoyregistriruyushcheyapparatury]. Abstracts IX International scientific and technical conference competition of young specialists “Geophysics-2013”. Saint-Petersburg: Gubkin University, 2013. URL: https://www.gubkin.ru/faculty/geology_and_geophysics/chairs_and_departments/exploration_geophysics_and_computers_systems/files/2013_SPb_Frolov.pdf. (Date of access September 2, 2019). XII. Gibbons, S. J., Asming, V., Fedorov, A., Fyen, J., Kero, J., Kozlovskaya, E., Kværna, T., Liszka, L., Näsholm, S.P., Raita, T., Roth, M., Tiira, T., Vinogradov, Yu. The European Arctic: A laboratory for seismoacoustic studies. Seism. Res. Letters. 2015; 86 (3): 917–928. XIII. GOST 8.395-80. State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Reference conditions of measurements while calibrating. General requirements [Gosudarstvennayasistemaobespecheniyaedinstvaizmereniy. Normal’nyyeusloviyaizmereniypripoverke. Obshchiyetrebovaniya]. Moscow: Standartinform, 2008. URL: http://gostrf.com/normadata/1/4294821/4294821960.pdf (Date of access September 2, 2019). XIV. Guralp 6TD. Operators’ Guide. Document Number: MAN-T60-0002, Issue J: April, 2017. Guralp Systems Limited. 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F., Chirkin, I. A., Rizanov, E. G., LeRoy, S. D., Koligaev, S. O. Long-term monitoring of microseismic emissions: Earth tides, fracture distribution, and fluid content. SEG, APPG Interpretation. 2016: 4 (2): T191–T204. XIX. Laverov, N. P., Bogoyavlenskiy, V. I., Bogoyavlenskiy, I. V. Fundamental Aspects of Rational Management of the Petroleum and Gas Resources of the Arctic and the Russian Continental Shelf: Strategy, Prospects, and Problems [Fundamental’nyyeaspektyratsional’nogoosvoyeniyaresursovneftiigazaArktiki I shel’faRossii: strategiya, perspektivyi problem].Arktika: ekologiya I ekonomika [Arctic: Ecology and Economy]. 2016; 2 (22): 4-13. XX. Lee, P. Low Noise Amplifier Selection Guide for Optimal Noise Performance, Analog Devices, Inc., AN-940 Application Note. Analog Devices, Inc. URL: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/application-notes/AN-940.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). XXI. Markatis, N., Polychronopoulou, K., Tselentis, Ak. Passive seismic tomography: A passive concept actively evolving. First Break. 2012; 30 (7): 83-90. XXII. Matveev, I. V. and Matveeva, N. V. Portable seismic recorder “SEISAR-5” with very low energy consumption for autonomous work in harsh climatic conditions [Portativnyyseysmicheskiyregistrator «Seysar-5» s ochen’ nizkimenergopotrebleniyemdlyaavtonomnoyraboty v slozhnykhklimatic heskikhusloviyakh]. Nauka I tekhnologicheskierazrabotki (Science and Technological Developments). 2017; 96 (3): 33-40. [Special Issue “Applied Geophysics: New Developments and Results. Part 1. Seismology and Seismic Exploration]. DOI: 10.21455/std2017.3-3. XXIII. Mishra, R. The Temperature Ratings of Electronic Parts.Electronics Cooling magazine. URL: http://www.electronics-cooling.com/2004/02/the-temperature-ratings-of-electronic-parts(Date of access September 2, 2019). XXIV. Moore, Sue E.; Stabeno, Phyllis J.; Van Pelt, Thomas I. The Synthesis of Arctic Research (SOAR) project. 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View | Download COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FOOT PATHOLOGY WHO UNDERWENT WEIL OPEN OSTEOTOMY BY CLASSICAL METHOD AND WITHOUT STEOSYNTHESIS Authors: Yuriy V. Lartsev,Dmitrii A. Rasputin,Sergey D. Zuev-Ratnikov,Pavel V.Ryzhov,Dmitry S. Kudashev,Anton A. Bogdanov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00044 Abstract: The article considers the problem of surgical correction of the second metatarsal bone length. The article analyzes the results of treatment of patients with excess length of the second metatarsal bones that underwent osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis. The results of treatment of patients who underwent metatarsal shortening due to classical Weil-osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis were analyzed. The first group consisted of 34 patients. They underwent classical Weil osteotomy. The second group included 44 patients in whomosteotomy of the second metatarsal bone were not by the screw. When studying the results of the treatment in the immediate postoperative period, weeks 6, 12, slightly better results were observed in patients of the first group, while one year after surgical treatment the results in both groups were comparable. One year after surgical treatment, there were 2.9% (1 patient) of unsatisfactory results in the first group and 4.5% (2 patients) in the second group. Considering the comparability of the results of treatment in remote postoperative period, the choice of concrete method remains with the operating surgeon. Keywords: Flat feet,hallux valgus,corrective osteotomy,metatarsal bones, Refference: I. A novel modification of the Stainsby procedure: surgical technique and clinical outcome [Text] / E. Concannon, R. MacNiocaill, R. Flavin [et al.] // Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Dec., Vol. 20(4). – P. 262–267. II. Accurate determination of relative metatarsal protrusion with a small intermetatarsal angle: a novel simplified method [Text] / L. Osher, M.M. Blazer, S. Buck [et al.] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Sep.-Oct., Vol. 53(5). – P. 548–556. III. Argerakis, N.G. The radiographic effects of the scarf bunionectomy on rearfoot alignment [Text] / N.G. Argerakis, L.Jr. Weil, L.S. Sr. Weil // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Apr., Vol. 8(2). – P. 89–94. IV. Bauer, T. Percutaneous forefoot surgery [Text] / T. Bauer // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2014. – Feb., Vol. 100(1 Suppl.). – P. S191–S204. V. Biomechanical Evaluation of Custom Foot Orthoses for Hallux Valgus Deformity [Text] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2015. – Sep.-Oct., Vol.54(5). – P. 852–855. VI. Chopra, S. Characterization of gait in female patients with moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity [Text] / S. Chopra, K. Moerenhout, X. Crevoisier // Clin. Biomech. (Bristol, Avon). – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 30(6). – P. 629–635. VII. Computer assisted planning and custom-made surgical guide for malunited pronation deformity after first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report [Text] / M. Hirao, S. Ikemoto, H. Tsuboi [et al.] // Comput. Aided Surg. – 2014. – Vol. 19(1-3). – P. 13–19. VIII. Correlation between static radiographic measurements and intersegmental angular measurements during gait using a multisegment foot model [Text] / D.Y. Lee, S.G. Seo, E.J. Kim [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Jan., Vol.36(1). – P. 1–10. IX. Correlative study between length of first metatarsal and transfer metatarsalgia after osteotomy of first metatarsal [Text]: [Article in Chinese] / F.Q. Zhang, B.Y. Pei, S.T. Wei [et al.] // Zhonghua Yi XueZaZhi. – 2013. – Nov. 19, Vol. 93(43). – P. 3441–3444. X. Dave, M.H. Forefoot Deformity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparison of Shod and Unshod Populations [Text] / M.H. Dave, L.W. Mason, K. Hariharan // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 8(5). – P. 378–383. XI. Does arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint correct the intermetatarsal M1M2 angle? Analysis of a continuous series of 208 arthrodeses fixed with plates [Text] / F. Dalat, F. Cottalorda, M.H. Fessy [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6). – P. 709–714. XII. Dynamic plantar pressure distribution after percutaneous hallux valgus correction using the Reverdin-Isham osteotomy [Text]: [Article in Spanish] / G. Rodríguez-Reyes, E. López-Gavito, A.I. Pérez-Sanpablo [et al.] // Rev. Invest. Clin. – 2014. – Jul., Vol. 66, Suppl. 1. – P. S79-S84. XIII. Efficacy of Bilateral Simultaneous Hallux Valgus Correction Compared to Unilateral [Text] / A.V. Boychenko, L.N. Solomin, S.G. Parfeyev [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Nov., Vol. 36(11). – P. 1339–1343. XIV. Endolog technique for correction of hallux valgus: a prospective study of 30 patients with 4-year follow-up [Text] / C. Biz, M. Corradin, I. Petretta [et al.] // J. OrthopSurg Res. – 2015. – Jul. 2, № 10. – P. 102. XV. First metatarsal proximal opening wedge osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus deformity: comparison of straight versus oblique osteotomy [Text] / S.H. Han, E.H. Park, J. Jo [et al.] // Yonsei Med. J. – 2015. – May, Vol. 56(3). – P. 744–752. XVI. Long-term outcome of joint-preserving surgery by combination metatarsal osteotomies for shortening for forefoot deformity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [Text] / H. Niki, T. Hirano, Y. Akiyama [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – Sep., Vol. 25(5). – P. 683–638. XVII. Maceira, E. Transfer metatarsalgia post hallux valgus surgery [Text] / E. Maceira, M. Monteagudo // Foot Ankle Clin. – 2014. – Jun., Vol. 19(2). – P.285–307. XVIII. Nielson, D.L. Absorbable fixation in forefoot surgery: a viable alternative to metallic hardware [Text] / D.L. Nielson, N.J. Young, C.M. Zelen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2013. – Jul., Vol. 30(3). – P. 283–293 XIX. Patient’s satisfaction after outpatient forefoot surgery: Study of 619 cases [Text] / A. Mouton, V. Le Strat, D. Medevielle [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6 Suppl.). – P. S217–S220. XX. Preference of surgical procedure for the forefoot deformity in the rheumatoid arthritis patients–A prospective, randomized, internal controlled study [Text] / M. Tada, T. Koike, T. Okano [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – May., Vol. 25(3). – P.362–366. XXI. Redfern, D. Percutaneous Surgery of the Forefoot [Text] / D. Redfern, J. Vernois, B.P. Legré // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 32(3). – P. 291–332. XXII. Singh, D. Bullous pemphigoid after bilateral forefoot surgery [Text] / D. Singh, A. Swann // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Feb., Vol. 8(1). – P. 68–72. XXIII. Treatment of moderate hallux valgus by percutaneous, extra-articular reverse-L Chevron (PERC) osteotomy [Text] / J. Lucas y Hernandez, P. Golanó, S. Roshan-Zamir [et al.] // Bone Joint J. – 2016. – Mar., Vol. 98-B(3). – P. 365–373. XXIV. Weil, L.Jr. Scarf osteotomy for correction of hallux abducto valgus deformity [Text] / L.Jr. Weil, M. Bowen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2014. – Apr., Vol.31(2). – P. 233–246. View | Download QUANTITATIVE ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE STOMACH AND SMALL INTESTINE IN HEALTHYDOGS Authors: Roman A. Tcygansky,Irina I. Nekrasova,Angelina N. Shulunova,Alexander I.Sidelnikov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00045 Abstract: Purpose.To determine the quantitative echogenicity indicators (and their ratio) of the layers of stomach and small intestine wall in healthy dogs. Methods. A prospective 3-year study of 86 healthy dogs (aged 1-7 yrs) of different breeds and of both sexes. Echo homogeneity and echogenicity of the stomach and intestines wall were determined by the method of Silina, T.L., et al. (2010) in absolute values ​​of average brightness levels of ultrasound image pixels using the 8-bit scale with 256 shades of gray. Results. Quantitative echogenicity indicators of the stomach and the small intestine wall in dogs were determined. Based on the numerical values ​​characterizing echogenicity distribution in each layer of a separate structure of the digestive system, the coefficient of gastric echogenicity is determined as 1:2.4:1.1 (mucosa/submucosa/muscle layers, respectively), the coefficient of duodenum and jejunum echogenicity is determined as 1:3.5:2 and that of ileum is 1:1.8:1. Clinical significance. The echogenicity coefficient of the wall of the digestive system allows an objective assessment of the stomach and intestines wall and can serve as the basis for a quantitative assessment of echogenicity changes for various pathologies of the digestive system Keywords: Ultrasound (US),echogenicity,echogenicity coefficient,digestive system,dogs,stomach,intestines, Refference: I. Agut, A. Ultrasound examination of the small intestine in small animals // Veterinary focus. 2009.Vol. 19. No. 1. P. 20-29. II. Bull. 4.RF patent 2398513, IPC51A61B8 / 00 A61B8 / 14 (2006.01) A method for determining the homoechogeneity and the degree of echogenicity of an ultrasound image / T. Silina, S. S. Golubkov. – No. 2008149311/14; declared 12/16/2008; publ. 09/10/2010 III. Choi, M., Seo, M., Jung, J., Lee, K., Yoon, J., Chang, D., Park, RD. Evaluation of canine gastric motility with ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2002. Vol. 64. – № 1. – P. 17-21. IV. Delaney, F., O’Brien, R.T., Waller, K.Ultrasound evaluation of small bowel thickness compared to weight in normal dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2003 Vol. 44, № 5. Р 577-580. V. Diana, A., Specchi, S., Toaldo, M.B., Chiocchetti, R., Laghi, A., Cipone, M. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the small bowel in healthy cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2011. – Vol. 52, № 5. – Р. 555-559. VI. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Errors in abdominal ultrasonography in dogs and cats // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2012. Vol. 53. – № 9. – P. 514-519. VII. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Importance of fasting in preparing dogs for abdominal ultrasound examination of specific organs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2014. Vol. 55. – № 12. – P. 630-634. VIII. Gaschen, L., Granger, L.A., Oubre, O., Shannon, D., Kearney, M., Gaschen, F. The effects of food intake and its fat composition on intestinal echogenicity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 546-550 IX. Gaschen, L., Kircher, P., Stussi, A., Allenspach, K., Gaschen, F., Doherr, M., Grone, A. Comparison of ultrasonographic findings with clinical activity index (CIBDAI) and diagnosis in dogs with chronic enteropathies // Veterinary radiology and ultrasound. – 2008. – Vol. 49. – № 1. – Р. 56-64. X. Gil, E.M.U. Garcia, D.A.A. Froes, T.R. In utero development of the fetal intestine: Sonographic evaluation and correlation with gestational age and fetal maturity in dogs // Theriogenology. 2015. Vol. 84, №5. Р. 681-686. XI. Gladwin, N.E. Penninck, D.G., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the thickness of the wall layers in the intestinal tract of dogs // American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2014. Vol. 75, №4. Р. 349-353. XII. Gory, G., Rault, D.N., Gatel, L, Dally, C., Belli, P., Couturier, L., Cauvin, E. Ultrasonographic characteristics of the abdominal esophagus and cardia in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2014. Vol. 55, № 5. P. 552-560. XIII. Günther, C.S. Lautenschläger, I.E., Scholz, V.B. Assessment of the inter- and intraobserver variability for sonographical measurement of intestinal wall thickness in dogs without gastrointestinal diseases | [Inter-und Intraobserver-Variabilitätbei der sonographischenBestimmung der Darmwanddicke von HundenohnegastrointestinaleErkrankungen] // Tierarztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere – Heimtiere. 2014. Vol. 42 №2. Р. 71-78. XIV. Hanazono, K., Fukumoto, S., Hirayama, K., Takashima, K., Yamane, Y., Natsuhori, M., Kadosawa, T., Uchide, T. Predicting Metastatic Potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in dog by ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2012. Vol. 74. – № 11. – P. 1477-1482. XV. Heng, H.G., Lim, Ch.K., Miller, M.A., Broman, M.M.Prevalence and significance of an ultrasonographic colonic muscularishyperechoic band paralleling the serosal layer in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2015. Vol. 56 № 6. P. 666-669. XVI. Ivančić, M., Mai, W. Qualitative and quantitative comparison of renal vs. hepatic ultrasonographic intensity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2008. Vol. 49. № 4. Р. 368-373. XVII. Lamb, C.R., Mantis, P. Ultrasonographic features of intestinal intussusception in 10 dogs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2008. Vol. 39. – № 9. – P. 437-441. XVIII. Le Roux, A. B., Granger, L.A., Wakamatsu, N, Kearney, M.T., Gaschen, L.Ex vivo correlation of ultrasonographic small intestinal wall layering with histology in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound.2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 534-545. XIX. Nielsen, T. High-frequency ultrasound of Peyer’s patches in the small intestine of young cats / T. Nielsen [et al.] // Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. – 2015. – Vol. 18, № 4. – Р. 303-309. XX. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In Nyland T.G., Mattoon J.S. (eds): Small Animal Diagnostic Ultrasound. Philadelphia: WB Saunders. 2002, 2nd ed. Р. 207-230. XXI. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In: PenninckD.G.,d´Anjou M.A. Atlas of Small Animal Ultrasonography. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa. 2008. Р. 281-318. XXII. Penninck, D.G., Nyland, T.G., Kerr, L.Y., Fisher, P.E. Ultrasonographic evaluation of gastrointestinal diseases in small animals // Veterinary Radiology. 1990. Vol. 31. №3. P. 134-141. XXIII. Penninck, D.G.,Webster, C.R.L.,Keating, J.H. The sonographic appearance of intestinal mucosal fibrosis in cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2010. – Vol. 51, № 4. – Р. 458-461. XXIV. Pollard, R.E.,Johnson, E.G., Pesavento, P.A., Baker, T.W., Cannon, A.B., Kass, P.H., Marks, S.L. Effects of corn oil administered orally on conspicuity of ultrasonographic small intestinal lesions in dogs with lymphangiectasia // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2013. Vol. 54. № 4. P. 390-397. XXV. Rault, D.N., Besso, J.G., Boulouha, L., Begon, D., Ruel, Y. Significance of a common extended mucosal interface observed in transverse small intestine sonograms // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2004. Vol. 45. №2. Р. 177-179. XXVI. Sutherland-Smith, J., Penninck, D.G., Keating, J.H., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic intestinal hyperechoic mucosal striations in dogs are associated with lacteal dilation // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2007. Vol. 48. – № 1. – P. 51-57. View | Download EVALUATION OF ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL IN MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS Authors: Larisa A. Merdenova,Elena A. Takoeva,Marina I. Nartikoeva,Victoria A. Belyayeva,Fatima S. Datieva,Larisa R. Datieva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00046 Abstract: The aim of this work was to assess the functional reserves of the body to quantify individual health; adaptation, psychophysiological characteristics of the health quality of medical students in different seasons of the year. When studying the temporal organization of physiological functions, the rhythm parameters of physiological functions were determined, followed by processing the results using the Cosinor Analysis program, which reveals rhythms with an unknown period for unequal observations, evaluates 5 parameters of sinusoidal rhythms (mesor, amplitude, acrophase, period, reliability). The essence of desynchronization is the mismatch of circadian rhythms among themselves or destruction of the rhythms architectonics (instability of acrophases or their disappearance). Desynchronization with respect to the rhythmic structure of the body is of a disregulatory nature, most pronounced in pathological desynchronization. High neurotism, increased anxiety reinforces the tendency to internal desynchronization, which increases with stress. During examination stress, students experience a decrease in the stability of the temporary organization of the biosystem and the tension of adaptive mechanisms develops, which affects attention, mental performance and the quality of adaptation to the educational process. Time is shortened and the amplitude of the “initial minute” decreases, personal and situational anxiety develops, and the level of psychophysiological adaptation decreases. The results of the work are priority because they can be used in assessing quality and level of health. Keywords: Desynchronosis,biorhythms,psycho-emotional stress,mesor,acrophase,amplitude,individual minute, Refference: I. Arendt, J., Middleton, B. Human seasonal and circadian studies in Antarctica (Halley, 75_S) – General and Comparative Endocrinology. 2017: 250-259. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.010). II. BalandinYu.P. A brief methodological guide on the use of the agro-industrial complex “Health Sources” / Yu.P. Balandin, V.S. Generalov, V.F. Shishlov. Ryazan, 2007. III. Buslovskaya L.K. Adaptation reactions in students at exam stress/ L.K. Buslovskaya, Yu.P. Ryzhkova. Scientific bulletin of Belgorod State University. Series: Natural Sciences. 2011;17(21):46-52. IV. Chutko L. S. Sindromjemocionalnogovygoranija – Klinicheskie I psihologicheskieaspekty./ L.S Chutko. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2013. V. Eroshina K., Paul Wilkinson, Martin Mackey. The role of environmental and social factors in the occurrence of diseases of the respiratory tract in children of primary school age in Moscow. Medicine. 2013:57-71. VI. Fagrell B. “Microcirculation of the Skin”. The physiology and pharmacology of the microcirculation. 2013:423. VII. Gurova O.A. Change in blood microcirculation in students throughout the day. New research. 2013; 2 (35):66-71. VIII. Khetagurova L.G. – Stress/Ed. L.G. Khetagurov. Vladikavkaz: Project-Press Publishing House, 2010. IX. Khetagurova L.G., Urumova L.T. et al. Stress (chronomedical aspects). International Journal of Experimental Education 2010; 12: 30-31. X. Khetagurova L.G., Salbiev K.D., Belyaev S.D., Datieva F.S., Kataeva M.R., Tagaeva I.R. Chronopathology (experimental and clinical aspects/ Ed. L.G. Khetagurov, K.D. Salbiev, S.D.Belyaev, F.S. Datiev, M.R. Kataev, I.R. Tagaev. Moscow: Science, 2004. XI. KlassinaS.Ya. Self-regulatory reactions in the microvasculature of the nail bed of fingers in person with psycho-emotional stress. Bulletin of new medical technologies, 2013; 2 (XX):408-412. XII. Kovtun O.P., Anufrieva E.V., Polushina L.G. Gender-age characteristics of the component composition of the body in overweight and obese schoolchildren. Medical Science and Education of the Urals. 2019; 3:139-145. XIII. Kuchieva M.B., Chaplygina E.V., Vartanova O.T., Aksenova O.A., Evtushenko A.V., Nor-Arevyan K.A., Elizarova E.S., Efremova E.N. A comparative analysis of the constitutional features of various generations of healthy young men and women in the Rostov Region. Modern problems of science and education. 2017; 5:50-59. XIV. Mathias Adamsson1, ThorbjörnLaike, Takeshi Morita – Annual variation in daily light expo-sure and circadian change of melatonin and cortisol consent rations at a northern latitude with large seasonal differences in photoperiod length – Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 2017; 36: 6 – 15. XV. Merdenova L.A., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A. Features of the study of biological rhythms in children. The results of fundamental and applied research in the field of natural and technical sciences. Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Belgorod, 2017, pp. 119-123. XVI. Ogarysheva N.V. The dynamics of mental performance as a criterion for adapting to the teaching load. Bulletin of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2014;16:5 (1): S.636-638. XVII. Pekmezovi T. Gene-environment interaction: A genetic-epidemiological approach. Journal of Medical Biochemistry. 2010;29:131-134. XVIII. Rapoport S.I., Chibisov S.M. Chronobiology and chronomedicine: history and prospects/Ed. S.M. Chibisov, S.I. Rapoport ,, M.L. Blagonravova. Chronobiology and Chronomedicine: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN) Press. Moscow, 2018. XIX. Roustit M., Cracowski J.L. “Non-invasive assessment of skin microvascular function in humans: an insight into methods” – Microcirculation 2012; 19 (1): 47-64. XX. Rud V.O., FisunYu.O. – References of the circadian desinchronosis in students. Ukrainian Bulletin of Psychoneurology. 2010; 18(2) (63): 74-77. XXI. Takoeva Z. A., Medoeva N. O., Berezova D. T., Merdenova L. A. et al. Long-term analysis of the results of chronomonitoring of the health of the population of North Ossetia; Vladikavkaz Medical and Biological Bulletin. 2011; 12(12,19): 32-38. XXII. Urumova L.T., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A., Datieva L.R. – The study of some health indicators of medical students in different periods of the year. Health and education in the XXI century. 2016; 18(4): 94-97. XXIII. Westman J. – Complex diseases. In: Medical genetics for the modern clinician. USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006. XXIV. Yadrischenskaya T.V. Circadian biorhythms of students and their importance in educational activities. Problems of higher education. Pacific State University Press. 2016; 2:176-178. View | Download TRIADIC COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS Authors: Stanislav A.Kudzh,Victor Ya. Tsvetkov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00047 Abstract: The present study of comparison methods based on the triadic model introduces the following concepts: the relation of comparability and the relation of comparison, and object comparison and attributive comparison. The difference between active and passive qualitative comparison is shown, two triadic models of passive and active comparison and models for comparing two and three objects are described. Triadic comparison models are proposed as an alternative to dyadic comparison models. Comparison allows finding the common and the different; this approach is proposed for the analysis of the nomothetic and ideographic method of obtaining knowledge. The nomothetic method identifies and evaluates the general, while the ideographic method searches for unique in parameters and in combinations of parameters. Triadic comparison is used in systems and methods of argumentation, as well as in the analysis of consistency/inconsistency. Keywords: Comparative analysis,dyad,triad,triadic model,comparability relation,object comparison,attributive comparison,nomothetic method,ideographic method, Refference: I. AltafS., Aslam.M.Paired comparison analysis of the van Baarenmodel using Bayesian approach with noninformativeprior.Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research 8(2) (2012) 259{270. II. AmooreJ. E., VenstromD Correlations between stereochemical assessments and organoleptic analysis of odorous compounds. Olfaction and Taste (2016) 3{17. III. BarnesJ., KlingerR. Embedding projection for targeted cross-lingual sentiment: model comparisons and a real-world study. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 691{742. doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.11561 IV. Castro-SchiloL., FerrerE.Comparison of nomothetic versus idiographic-oriented methods for making predictions about distal outcomes from time series data. Multivariate Behavioral Research 48(2) (2013) 175{207. V. De BonaG.et al. Classifying inconsistency measures using graphs. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 937{987. VI. FideliR. La comparazione. Milano: Angeli, 1998. VII. GordonT. F., PrakkenH., WaltonD. The Carneades model of argument and burden of proof. Artificial Intelligence 10(15) (2007) 875{896. VIII. GrenzS.J. The social god and the relational self: A Triad theology of the imago Dei. Westminster: John Knox Press, 2001. IX. HermansH.J. M.On the integration of nomothetic and idiographic research methods in the study of personal meaning.Journal of Personality 56(4) (1988) 785{812. X. JamiesonK. G., NowakR. Active ranking using pairwise comparisons.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (2011) 2240{2248. XI. JongsmaC.Poythress’s triad logic: a review essay. Pro Rege 42(4) (2014) 6{15. XII. KärkkäinenV.M. Trinity and Religious Pluralism: The Doctrine of the Trinity in Christian Theology of Religions. London: Routledge, 2017. XIII. KudzhS. A., TsvetkovV.Ya. Triadic systems. Russian Technology Magazine 7(6) (2019) 74{882. XIV. NelsonK.E.Some observations from the perspective of the rare event cognitive comparison theory of language acquisition.Children’s Language 6 (1987) 289{331. XV. NiskanenA., WallnerJ., JärvisaloM.Synthesizing argumentation frameworks from examples. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 503{554. XVI. PührerJ.Realizability of three-valued semantics for abstract dialectical frameworks.Artificial Intelligence 278 (2020) 103{198. XVII. SwansonG.Frameworks for comparative research: structural anthropology and the theory of action. In: Vallier, Ivan (Ed.). Comparative methods in sociology: essays on trends and applications.Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971 141{202. XVIII. TsvetkovV.Ya.Worldview model as the result of education.World Applied Sciences Journal 31(2) (2014) 211{215. XIX. TsvetkovV. Ya. Logical analysis and variable scales. Slavic Forum 4(22) (2018) 103{109. XX. Wang S. et al. Transit traffic analysis zone delineating method based on Thiessen polygon. Sustainability 6(4) (2014) 1821{1832. View | Download DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGY OF CREATING WEAR-RESISTANT CERAMIC COATING FOR ICE CYLINDER". JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES spl10, № 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00048.

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