To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Mathematical difficulties.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mathematical difficulties'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Mathematical difficulties.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Bull, Rebecca. "Cognitive deficits underlying children's mathematical difficulties." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15456.
Full textAbstract:
Many children have difficulties learning mathematics, and the consequences of poor mathematical skills are very far reaching. Studies examining the reasons why children struggle to learn mathematics are scarce, particularly in comparison to studies examining reading difficulties. The studies reported in this thesis attempted to provide insights into the cognitive limitations that may lead some children to have difficulties learning mathematics, re-examining some of the cognitive deficits already thought to be associated with mathematical difficulties, as well as providing the starting point for new lines of enquiry. Five main studies are reported. Four of these studies examined a range of cognitive skills and identify a number of fundamental cognitive mechanisms as playing a role in children's mathematical skills, these being a slowness in the speed of processing information, poor control of executive functioning, evidenced through difficulty switching strategies and poor self-regulation of actions, and a delay in the automatization of basic arithmetic facts. The final study aimed to investigate the implications of these recognised cognitive difficulties in the teaching of mathematics, and explored the use of two different teaching strategies, rote learning of basic arithmetic facts and a discussion method to allow alternative methods of solution to be learned, both of which attempted to overcome some of these cognitive limitations. Rote learning was found to be an effective device to improve performance in different areas of mathematical skill. The implications of this research and the foundations for future research are also discussed.
2
Boustead, Therese Mary. "Undergraduate difficulties: algebraic skills and mathematical comprehension." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mathematics and Statistics, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5639.
Full textAbstract:
Many first year university students struggle with mathematics. Observations in senior mathematics classes in four New Zealand secondary schools highlighted potential undergraduate problems, especially with algebraic and mathematical reading skills. In this thesis, these two areas are investigated further.
In the first part of the thesis, an analysis is done of algebraic tests given to first year university mathematics students. From the results there emerged five main categories of common consistent algebraic difficulties. These categories not only emerged the following year with a similar group, but senior secondary school and second year undergraduate mathematics students also displayed them. Overall, the conclusion was that these categories of algebraic difficulties formed from the research did not appear to improve with higher mathematical learning.
A second area for the investigation of undergraduate difficulties was in the field of reading to learn mathematics. The results of a questionnaire survey confirmed that students were not only resistant to reading mathematical text, but they did not appear to have the skills to read expository text. Many students used a narrative, surface approach to mathematical reading that resulted in very little of a topic being understood. Further analysis using a variety of extracts, case studies, interviews and written answers led to the formation of a mathematical reading model based on generative comprehension research by Wittrock (1990) and interactive reading research by Dechant (1991). For mathematical text, critical linkages were often symbol-symbol linkages requiring a higher level of comprehension than narrative text. These critical linkages were predominantly located at an inner text layer. A major deterrent to reading mathematical text for students is the difficulty in locating these critical linkages in hard-copy text. Further investigations compared hard copy text with various types of software designed for self-study purposes. Some of the software was found to be better at directing students to these critical linkages while others were not so successful.
3
Durand, Marianne. "Nonverbal learning difficulties : mathematical and cognitive deficits." Thesis, University of York, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424523.
Full text
4
Cheng, Po-kwan Jamie, and 鄭寶君. "Exploring the identification of children with specific mathematical difficulties." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45589938.
Full text
5
Lebens, Morena. "The cognitive and affective dimensions of mathematical difficulties in schoolchildren." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2008. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-cognitive-and-affective-dimensions-of-mathematical-difficulties-in-schoolchildren(2f01fc99-d995-4e3c-8ae3-0797f8c3886c).html.
Full textAbstract:
Previous research (eg Barrouillet & Lepine, 2005; Cummings and Elkins, 1999) suggests that children with mathematical difficulties (MD) use inefficient problem solving strategies and lack computational fluency. This thesis extends existing research by investigating the cognitive and affective dimensions of mathematical difficulties in schoolchildren using a variety of methodological approaches. The principal aim is to identify the characteristics of children with MD and compare them with children of average ability, to identify the factors relevant to the learning of mathematics. In the existing literature (eg Baptist et. al., 2007), mathematical difficulties are primarily defined in terms of a cognitive deficit. However, learning may not only be a function of cognitive processes, and affective responses such as anxiety or attitude may play an important role in the learning of mathematics (Me Leod, 1994). To investigate the relative salience of these factors, an instrument to measure affective responses towards mathematics in schoolchildren was developed. This instrument was then utilised to investigate differences in maths anxiety, self efficacy, perceptions of the learning environment and attitudes towards the teacher between children with MD and children of average mathematical ability. In order to investigate the cognitive aspects of MD, dual task experiments were used to examine the role of subvocal rehearsal in arithmetic problem solving Mathematical problems were coupled with either a phonological or a neutral secondary task to find out how children with MD and average ability children use phonological working memory resources in arithmetic. The cognitive aspects of MD for the learning process were addressed by evaluating two different types of mathematics instruction. A protocol analysis illustrated how the format of instruction affected children's use of arithmetic problem solving strategies and how strategy usage was influenced by individual differences in information processing. Overall, the results suggest that the cognitive processing deficits of children with MD seem to result from inefficient problem-solving strategy usage which occupies cognitive resources, however, problem solving was improved via a direct instruction intervention which provided worked-out examples and model strategies. A follow-up analysis found that the interventions for children with MD would need to go beyond the learning of specific abilities in order to produce sustainable long-term effects on school achievement.
6
Thor, Emma. "Undervisa elever i matematiksvårigheter : Vad grundar sig forskningen på?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, matematik och samhälle (NMS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-40798.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med studien är att göra en kunskapsöversikt om vad forskningen inom matematiksvårigheter grundar sitt underlag på. Resultatet av studien visar att forskningen av elever i matematiksvårigheter inte ses ur en helhet, utan matematiksvårigheterna ses som antingen biologiska hos individen eller med ett omvärldsperspektiv. Detta göra att de olika studierna missar faktorer som kan påverka resultatet. Studien visar även att forskningen har en ensidig syn på elever i svårigheter och hur urvalet av informanterna väljs ut. Forskningen bedrivs inte heller ien naturlig social miljö vilket gör att undervisningen och lärarens roll inte är i fokus eller finns med alls i forskningen. Det kan påverka hur resultaten kan tillämpas på elever i en verklig skolmiljö.
7
Westenskow, Arla. "Equivalent Fraction Learning Trajectories for Students with Mathematical Learning Difficulties When Using Manipulatives." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1368.
Full textAbstract:
This study identified variations in the learning trajectories of Tier II students when learning equivalent fraction concepts using physical and virtual manipulatives. The study compared three interventions: physical manipulatives, virtual manipulatives, and a combination of physical and virtual manipulatives. The research used a sequential explanatory mixed-method approach to collect and analyze data and used two types of learning trajectories to compare and synthesize the results. For this study, 43 Tier II fifthgrade students participated in 10 sessions of equivalent fraction intervention. Pre- to postdata analysis indicated significant gains for all three interventions. Cohen d effect size scores were used to compare the effect of the three types of manipulatives—at the total, cluster, and questions levels of the assessments. Daily assessment data were used to develop trajectories comparing mastery and achievement changes over the duration of the intervention. Data were also synthesized into an iceberg learning trajectory containing five clusters and three subcluster concepts of equivalent fraction understanding and variations among interventions were identified. The syntheses favored the use of physical manipulatives for instruction in two clusters, the use of virtual manipulatives for one cluster, and the use of combined manipulatives for two clusters. The qualitative analysis identified variations in students’ resolution of misconceptions and variations in their use of strategies and representations. Variations favored virtual manipulatives for the development of symbolic only representations and physical manipulatives for the development of set model representations. Results also suggested that there is a link between the simultaneous linking of the virtual manipulatives and the development of multiplicative thinking as seen in the tendency of the students using virtual manipulative intervention to have higher gains on questions asking students to develop groups of three or more equivalent fractions. These results demonstrated that the instructional affordances of physical and virtual manipulatives are specific to different equivalent fraction subconcepts and that an understanding of the variations is needed to determine when and how each manipulative should be used in the sequence of instruction.
8
Sadaghiani, Homeyra R. "Conceptual and mathematical barriers to students learning quantum mechanics." Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1123878116.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvii, 321 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references. Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
9
Chan, Mee-yin Becky. "Exploring the cognitive profile of Hong Kong Chinese children with mathematics difficulties." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41547524.
Full text
10
Thompson, Helen, and Yvonne Petersson. "Räkna - Läsa - Minnas : Vilka samband finns det?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13839.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med studien är att undersöka samband som visas tydligt hos elever i både matematiksvårigheter samt fonologiska svårigheter. Studien har genomförts på elever i årskurs 7 som uppvisat matematiska såväl som fonologiska svårigheter. Resultatet baseras på en filmad observation där eleverna fått lösa ett urval uppgifter konstruerade utifrån svårigheter gällande grundläggande taluppfattning och aritmetik. Elever med fonologiska svårigheter såväl som bristande arbetsminne visar sig ha svårigheter när det gäller att automatisera tabellkunskap såväl som utföra beräkningar gällande de fyra räknesätten.The purpose of the study is to research what correlation is apparent in students with both mathematical and phonological difficulties. The study has been conducted with 7th grade students who have shown both mathematical and phonological difficulties. The result is based on a filmed observation where the students solved a selection of tasks constructed based on problems with basic number sense and arithmetic. Students with phonological difficulties as well as inadequate working memory are showing problems when it comes to automated knowledge of the multiplication table as well as performing calculations concerning arithmetic.
11
陳美賢 and Mee-yin Becky Chan. "Exploring the cognitive profile of Hong Kong Chinese children with mathematics difficulties." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41547524.
Full text
12
Iwuanyanwu, Paul Nnanyereugo. "Pre-service science teachers’ conceptual and procedural difficulties in solving mathematical problems in physical science." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4002.
Full textAbstract:
>Magister Scientiae - MScStudents frequently leave first-year physical science classes with a dual set of physical laws in mind- the equations to be applied to qualitative problems and the entrenched set of concepts, many erroneous, to be applied to qualitative, descriptive, or explanatory problems. It is in this sense that the emphasis of this study is on ‘change’ rather than acquisition. Thus, a blend of theoretical framework was considered according to the aim of the study. Of immediate relevance in this regard within the “constructivist paradigm” are: Posner, Strike, Hewson and Gertzog’s (1982) conceptual change theory and the revised Bloom’s Taxonomy. Moreover, the very shift or restructuring of existing knowledge, concepts or schemata is what distinguishes conceptual change from other types of learning, and provides students with a more fruitful conceptual framework to solve problems, explain phenomena, and function in the world (Biemans & Simons, 1999; Davis, 2011). A quasi-experimental design was adopted to explore pre-service teachers’ conceptual and procedural difficulties in solving mathematical problems in physical science. Sixteen second and third year pre-service teachers in one of the historically black universities in the Western Cape, South Africa, participated in the study. Two inseparable concepts of basic mechanics, work-energy concepts were taught and used for data collection. Data were collected using questionnaires, Physical Science Achievement Test (PSAT), Multiple Reflective Questions (MRQ) and an interview. An explicit problem solving strategy (IDEAL strategy versus maths-in-science instructional model) was taught in the intervention sessions for duration of three weeks to the experimental group (E-group). IDEAL strategy placed emphasis on drill and practice heuristics that helped the pre-service teachers’ (E-group) understanding of problem-solving. Reinforcing heuristics of this IDEAL strategy include breaking a complex problem into sub-problems. Defining and representing problem (e.g. devising a plan-using Free-Body-Diagram) was part of the exploring possible strategies of the IDEAL. More details on IDEAL strategy are discussed in Chapter 3. The same work-energy concepts were taught to the control group (C-group) using lecture-demonstration method. A technique (i.e. revised taxonomy table for knowledge and cognitive process dimension) was used to categorize and analyse the level of difficulties for each item tested (e.g. D1 = minor difficulty, D2 = major difficulty, and D3 = atypical difficulty
13
Rosander, Eklund Pia. "Vaddå matematiksvårigheter : En studie utifrån elevens perspektiv om svårigheter och kritiska moment vid lärandet i matematik." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-25984.
Full text
14
Björklund, Anna-Maria. "Lärares arbete i matematiken med elever i språksvårigheter : En kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för matematik och datavetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-45609.
Full textAbstract:
This work will focus on teachers' prevention for students with language difficulties so they don’t end up in mathematical difficulties. The purpose of this work is to see what methods, working methods, tools, skills and knowledge of teachers there is in a school in central Sweden. The study is based on qualitative interviews with five active teachers in grades 1-3 who teach in Swedish and mathematics, one of which is the first teacher of mathematics. A special educator who has much knowledge in language difficulties was also interviewed. What emerged in my research is that by working with many joint briefings, joint problem solving discussions to consolidate concepts and symbols it benefits all pupils not just those with late language development. The usefulness of the study was to provide knowledge on how teachers can help students with language difficulties at an early stage, so they do not get into difficulties in mathematics. The aim has been to find out what different methods, procedures and working materials there are to facilitate for the students in mathematics, despite their late language development.Detta arbete kommer att handla om lärarnas förebyggande arbete för elever med språksvårigheter så de inte ska hamna i matematiksvårigheter. Syftet med detta arbete är att se vilka metoder, arbetsätt, arbetsmaterial, kompetens och kunskaper det finns hos lärarna på en skola i mellersta Sverige. Studien bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med fem verksamma lärare i åk 1-3 som undervisar i svenska och matematik, varav en är förstelärare i matematik. En specialpedagog har också intervjuats som har mycket kunskap om språksvårigheter. Det som framkommit i min undersökning är att genom att arbeta med många gemensamma genomgångar, gemensam problemlösning, diskussioner för att befästa begrepp och symboler gynnar det alla elever inte bara de med språksvårigheter. Nyttan med studien har varit att bidra med kunskap om hur lärare kan hjälpa elever tidigt som har språksvårigheter, så de inte hamnar i matematiksvårigheter. Ambitionen har varit att komma fram till vilka olika metoder, arbetssätt och arbetsmaterial det finns för att underlätta hos eleverna i matematiken trots sina språksvårigheter.
15
Morgan, A. T. "A study of the difficulties experienced by engineering students in higher education with mathematics and related subjects and their relevance to the structure of mathematical ability." Thesis, Brunel University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383833.
Full text
16
Svensson, Hanna, and Veronique Malki. "Matematik på ett andraspråk : Andraspråkselevers svårigheter i matematik." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-26566.
Full textAbstract:
Matematik anses vara ett av de viktigaste ämnena i den svenska skolan. Forskningen visar dock fallande resultat i matematikämnet och detta gäller särskilt elever med svenska som andraspråk. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vad de sämre resultaten hos dessa elever beror på samt hur läraren bör arbeta för att främja andraspråkselevers matematikutveckling. Fokus ligger på elever i grundskolan som har ett annat modersmål än svenska. Detta är en komparativ litteraturstudie som har genomförts genom noggrann analys och jämförelse av ett antal vetenskapliga artiklar, avhandlingar och forskningsrapporter. Det studerade materialet är både internationell och nationell forskning som inte är äldre än från år 1990. Det finns ett antal aspekter som är kritiska för andraspråkselever och som lärare måste ta hänsyn till i sin matematikundervisning. Aspekter som kan försvåra matematikinlärningen för andraspråkselever är språkliga svårigheter, skillnader i det matematiska språkets uppbyggnad och hur man räknar, en främmande kontext i matematikuppgifterna samt lärarens och elevernas inställning.
17
Abu, Mohd Salleh. "An exploratory study of mathematical difficulties experienced by pre-university students at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and the relation to the structure of mathematical ability." Thesis, Brunel University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.256765.
Full text
18
Tang, Wai-yan Jacqueline, and 鄧偉茵. "Nonsymbolic numerical magnitude processing and arithmetic performance : an investigation on first-grade children with and without mathematics difficulties." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196514.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the nonsymbolic numerical magnitude processing in Chinese first graders with marked mathematics difficulties (MD) and typically achieving peers. The approximate number system (ANS) view has suggested that children with MD may have deficit in the internal representation of magnitudes. Chinese first-graders with MD were compared with age-matched typically achieving children on approximate numerical comparison, approximate addition and multiplication tasks. Children with MD were found to perform significantly worse than their age-matched controls in all tasks. Students before formal instruction in multiplication yielded an above-chance level of performance in approximate multiplication task, which suggested the existence of approximate multiplicative ability. After formal instruction in multiplication, the MD group performed significantly worse than controls in approximate multiplication task and arithmetic tests. Only normally achieving children showed significant improvement after formal instruction. This study provided further evidence for an intuitive numerical processing in arithmetic operation, and the result had significant implication to the diagnosis of MD and intervention on mathematics difficulties.published_or_final_version
Educational Psychology
Master
Master of Social Sciences
19
Persson, Johan, and Ulrika Bengtsson. "Matematiklärares erfarenhet av att undervisa elever i behov av särskilt stöd i grundskolans senare år." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Specialpedagogiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-131267.
Full textAbstract:
Based in a sociocultural perspective the study aims at illustrating how teachers in mathematics perceive their possibilities of supporting students in mathematical difficulties and how their schools support the teaching practices to those pupils. The methodological approach is phenomenographic and data was collected in half structured interviews with ten professionals teaching mathematics to Swedish 13-16-year-old students from 10 different schools. The results show that, due to the heterogeneity in students’ achievements, teachers perceive the time a limiting factor to individualising and meeting the needs of every student. The findings also indicate that the designs of the schools’ supportive structures are governed by traditions and an individualistic perspective. Thus, ability grouping and supportive measures outside the classroom of ordinary teaching are common. However, the picture is dual. The interviewed teachers express a wish for inclusive teaching and teacher collaboration, promoting a common responsibility for a complex teaching situation. Yet, organisational obstacles and the schools’ scarce resources inhibit inclusion. Further, findings suggest that both the extent and forms of support provided to the mathematics teachers differ, ranging from almost non-existent to well-developed forms of collaborations in mathematics teams, co-teaching and supervision of special educators or head teachers in mathematics. Further training was the support teachers consistently found most important and demanded the most.
20
Hult, Linnea. "Särskilt stöd i matematiken ur läraresperspektiv : Hur lärare ser på och upplever sitt arbete i elever av behov av särskilt stöd i matematiken." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-67633.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose is to examine how teachers and special educators are experiencing and look athis work with pupils with special needs in mathematics. In literature it up what differentscholars have written about different aspects and factors of special support and variousmathematical difficulties. I used a qualitative research method through interviewing teachersand special education teacher at my chosen school. The dossier has been gathered frominterviews with 6 primary school teachers who teaches math in grades 1, 2 or 3 and onespecial education teacher. The results show that teachers have a positive view of their workand the work is very varied. It was revealed that they are teachers themselves who do most ofthe work of special support in mathematics. By this it can be concluded that teachers ofmathematics becomes more and more trained to cope with this but even that is not enoughresources.Undersökningens syfte är att undersöka hur lärare och specialpedagoger upplever och ser påsitt arbete med elever i behov av särskilt stöd i matematiken. I litteraturgenomgången tas detupp vad olika forskare skrivit om olika aspekter och faktorer om särskilt stöd och olikamatematiksvårigheter. Jag använde mig av en kvalitativ forskningsmetod genom att intervjualärare och speciallärare på min utvalda skola. Underlaget har samlats in från intervjuer med 6grundskolelärare som undervisar i matematik i årskurs 1, 2 eller 3 och 1 speciallärare.Resultatet visar att lärarna har en positiv syn på sitt arbete och att de jobbar väldigt varierat.Det framkom att de är lärarna själva som gör de mesta av arbetet med särskilt stöd imatematiken. Av detta kan man dra slutsatsen att lärarna i matematiken blir mer och merutbildade att klara detta men även att de inte finns resurser nog.
21
Ward, William. "The recurring problem of subtraction : implications and alternative solutions for teachers helping UK primary school children overcome mathematical difficulties." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395571.
Full text
22
Frank, Emma. "Lärares uppfattningar av läs- och skrivsvårigheters påverkan på matematikinlärningen." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för konst, kommunikation och lärande, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79576.
Full textAbstract:
Denna undersökning fokuserar på två olika aspekter av matematikundervisning. Den ena handlar om hur medvetna lärare är om dyslexi-relaterade svårigheter i matematikämnet och den andra om hur lärare organiserar matematiklektionerna. För att besvara frågeställningarna har en kvantitativ enkätstudie skickats ut och besvarats av lärare som har eller har haft elever med läs och skrivsvårigheter. Resultatet av studien visar på att den behavioristiska lärandeteorin är en tydlig del av undervisningens uppbyggnad. Det finns flera andra lärandeteorier som kan utläsas av vilka aktiviteter som sker under lektionerna, dessa lärandeteorier sker dock mer sällan. Ytterligare tyder resultatet på att elever med läs- och skrivsvårigheter blir påverkade av detta även under matematiklektionerna.This study focuses on two different aspects of mathematics teaching. The first one is about how conscious teachers are about dyslexia-related difficulties in mathematics and the other one is about how teachers organize mathematics lessons. To answer the questions, a quantitative survey study was sent out and answered by teachers who have or have had students with reading and writing difficulties. The results of the study show that behavioral learning theory is a clear part of the structure of teaching. There are several other learning theories that can be observed from the activities that take place during the lessons, however, these activities happen less often than activities that are based on behaviorism. Further, the results indicate that students with reading and writing difficulties are affected by this even during mathematics lessons.
23
Brattlöf, Marie. "Matematisk begreppsbildning för elever med läs-och skrivsvårigheter." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Estetisk-filosofiska fakulteten, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7004.
Full text
24
Quigley, Simon Christopher. "Improving opportunities for mathematical learning amongst students identified as having behavioural, emotional and social difficulties within a special school environment." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/69052/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis reports on a small scale action research study conducted within the mathematics classroom of a special school in England, categorized as catering for students with Behavioural, Emotional and Social and Difficulties (BESD). In the UK, more students are identified as having BESD than any other category of Special Educational Need and yet students identified in this way experience some of the poorest educational outcomes. This study sought to explore how one class of six Year 10 students (aged 14 -15) viewed and experienced their learning of mathematics. It aimed to identify whether particular pedagogical approaches could provide improved opportunities for learning. Instead of focusing on strategies and sanctions to manage behaviour, this research concentrated on better understanding the specific learning needs of this small but diverse group of students. The study was informed by theories of learning that emphasise the importance of social and cognitive processes in the learning of mathematics. In order to encourage peer communication and social interaction, the teacher adopted the role of facilitator, increasing opportunities for students to engage in dialogue and learn from each other. The curriculum area of measurement estimation was chosen as the focus of the intervention. As this is an area of mathematics that does not necessarily lead to a single correct answer, it reduced the risk to students of getting it ‘wrong' which could further exacerbate issues of low self-esteem and confidence. Data were gathered at each phase of the action research cycle and included: audio recordings made during and after each of the seven learning activities that comprised the intervention; notes from the teacher-researcher's research journal and copies of students' work. As the study aimed to capture the students' perspective of their mathematical learning, they each took part in an individual, semi-structured interview during the reconnaissance phase and a focus group discussion following the intervention stage. Data collected from the reconnaissance stage were analysed using a process of thematic analysis and informed the development of the intervention. The study poses a number of challenges for those interested in improving the opportunities for mathematical learning amongst students identified as having BESD. Although all six students within this study initially expressed a preference for working alone, pedagogical approaches based on active and participatory learning were found to be motivating and engaging for the majority of learners. Although most students demonstrated an increased capacity to work together cooperatively, some struggled to learn collaboratively. The study highlighted that, in developing social constructivist approaches to learning mathematics, students' social competence and trust in each other, needs to be nurtured. Finally, the teacher's role in stimulating ‘talk' was identified as a key factor in increasing opportunities for students to learn mathematics.
25
Ewers, Cipranic Karin, and Lisette Guldstrand. "Specialundervisning för elever i behov av särskilt stöd gällande läsning i matematik : Speciallärares beskrivning av sitt arbete och sina kunskaper." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för pedagogik och lärande (PEL), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-78660.
Full textAbstract:
Flertalet elever i behov av stöd i läsning upplever svårigheter i matematik. Speciallärare vet att alla elever ska nå målen, men läroplanen och skollagen ger inga direktiv om hur detta ska genomföras. Syftet med studien är att undersöka speciallärares kunskaper och kompetens kring relationen mellan lässvårigheter och matematiksvårigheter hos elever. Syftet är även att få en inblick i hur speciallärare beskriver sitt arbete med elever som har denna kombination av svårigheter samt undersöka vad som ligger till grund för deras arbetssätt. Semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med fem speciallärare verksamma på grundskolenivå. Intervjuerna bearbetades med en analysmodell framtagen utifrån Grounded Theory. Studien har det sociokulturella perspektivet som utgångspunkt. I resultatet framgår att speciallärarna hade svårt att redogöra för hur relationen mellan läs- och matematiksvårigheter beskrivs i forskning eller hur den kan visa sig hos eleverna. Flera av lärarna ser ingen tydlig koppling hos sina elever. Resultatet visar också att speciallärarna arbetar med svenska och matematik som två skilda ämnen. Alla lärarna ansåg att specialundervisning ger bäst resultat utanför klassens ram. Samtliga uttryckte vikten av det sociokulturella lärandet med språket som grund. För att arbetet med elever i lässvårigheter och matematiksvårigheter ska vara effektivt och leda till bättre måluppfyllelse behöver lärare kompetensutveckling kring relationen mellan läs- och matematiksvårigheter.Most pupils with special needs in reading also experience difficulties in mathematics. Special education teachers know that all pupils should achieve the educational goals. However, the curriculum and the Swedish School Law do not describe how. The aim of this study is to investigate the knowledge and the competence of special education teachers about the relationship between reading difficulties and mathematical difficulties in pupils. Also, the aim is to get insight into the way special education teachers describe their work with pupils in this kind of difficulties, and look into the basis for their working methods. Semi-structured interviews have been done with five special education teachers active in elementary school. The interviews were processed with an analysis model constructed on Grounded Theory. This study is based on the socio-cultural perspective. The result of the study shows that special education teachers found it hard to describe how the relationship between reading and mathematical difficulties is presented in research, or in what way it can be seen in pupils. Several of the teachers do not find a distinct connection in pupils. Also noticeable is the fact that the special education teachers treat Swedish and Mathematics as two different subjects. All teachers thought that special education gives best results beyond the class. All of them expressed the importance of socio-cultural learning based on language. In order to get an effective work with pupils in reading and mathematical difficulties that leads to fulfilling educational goals the teachers need more knowledge of the relationship between reading and mathematical difficulties.
26
Lina, Carstensen, and Meyner Linda. "Vem är din undervisning anpassad för? : Gymnasielärares undervisningsstrategier för elever i matematiksvårigheter i det inkluderande klassrummet." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Matematik och tillämpad matematik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-146033.
Full textAbstract:
Det här konsumtionsarbetet sammanfattar olika matematiksvårigheter som kan finnas hos elever och metoder för hur svårigheterna kan upptäckas av lärare, samt undervisningsstrategier att använda sig av för lärare i mötet med dessa elever i gymnasieskolan. Strategierna kan användas i ett inkluderande klassrum och gynnar därmed inte bara elever i matematiksvårigheter utan även elever utanför. Syftet med arbetet är att erbjuda verksamma lärare en sammanställning av svårigheter, hur dessa kan identifieras samt kompenserande undervisningsstrategier från aktuell forskning som berör elever på gymnasienivå då författarna anser att detta är en kunskapslucka som bör fyllas. Resultatet visade på att matematiksvårigheter hos elever kan variera och att dessa kan upptäckas av läraren med hjälp av att läraren ger eleverna chansen att visa upp vad de har för kunskapsluckor i kombination med felanalys. Resultatet visade också att en omfattande mängd strategier finns att tillgå för att bemöta elever i matematiksvårigheters behov i det inkluderande klassrummet. I diskussionen diskuteras tänkbara anledningar till varför matematiksvårigheter än idag lever kvar i klassrummet trots det rika utbud av kompenserande strategier som finns. Slutsatsen är att det finns många olika typer av strategier tillgängliga för läraren att skapa förutsättningar för alla elever att nå matematisk framgång.This literature overview summarizes different types of mathematical difficulties that may exist among students as well as methods that teachers can use in order to discover these difficulties and instructional strategies to implement while teaching these students. The strategies can be used in an including classroom, meaning that they do not only profit students experiencing mathematical difficulties, but other students as well. The purpose of the overview is to offer teachers a summary of difficulties and how these can be identified as well as compensating instructional strategies from recent research considering students at upper secondary level, as the authors consider this to be a gap in knowledge that has to be attended to. The result showed that the mathematical difficulties among students can vary and that these can be discovered by the teacher by giving the students a chance to display misconceptions combined with the usage of error analysis. The result further showed that there is a great quantity of different instructional strategies that can be used to accommodate the needs of students in mathematical difficulties in the including classroom. In the discussion section, possible reasons for why mathematical difficulties still exist in the classroom even though compensating instructional strategies are available, is discussed. The conclusion is drawn, that there are a lot of strategies available for teachers which makes it possible for them to create conditions that let all students reach mathematical success.
27
Wahlborg, Emma. "Digitala verktyg och elever i matematiksvårigheter." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-64614.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur digitala verktyg används i den undervisning av elever i matematiksvårigheter som forskningen studerat, samt vilka effekter denna undervisning har på elevernas matematiska utveckling och lärande. Metoden för detta arbete är en systematisk litteraturstudie, där 30 forskningsstudier inom området kartläggs och analyseras. Forskningsfältet analyseras översiktligt, följt av en fördjupad analys. Resultatet av litteraturstudien tyder på en stor variation kring de digitala verktygens användningsområden. Av studien framgår att digitala verktyg används för att låta elever följa instruktioner och lösa matematiska uppgifter, att undervisa med virtuellt laborativt material, för anpassningar och som hjälpmedel, för att kommunicera och ge återkoppling, för en spelbaserad undervisning samt för mängdträning och repetition i matematik. Resultatet tyder överlag på positiva effekter av en undervisning med digitala verktyg på elever i matematiksvårigheter gällande lärande och utveckling i matematik. Resultatet tyder även på att den undervisning som framgår av forskningsstudierna till övervägande del går ut på att eleven interagerar med det digitala verktyget på egen hand. Detta resultat diskuteras utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv på kunskap och lärande. Implikationer för vidare forskning och konsekvenser för undervisning diskuteras.The purpose of this study is to investigate how digital tools are used in the teaching of students in mathematical diffuculties that research has studied, and the effects of this teaching on the students’ mathematical development and learning. The method for this study is a systematic review, where 30 research studies are charted and analyzed. The field of research is surveyed, followed by a profound analysis. The results of the study indicates that there is a great variety in the use of digital tools. The study shows that digital tools are used by letting students follow instructions and solve mathematical problems, for teaching with virtual manipulatives, as accommodations and support tools, for communication and feedback, for game-based learning and for increasing the amount of mathematical practice and repetition. The overall results indicate positive effects of teching with digital tools on mathematical learning and development of students in mathematical difficulties. The results also indicate that the teaching methods in the research studies are mainly based on letting the students interact with the digital tools on their own. This result is discussed based on a sociocultural perspective on knowledge and learning. Implications for further research and practice are discussed.
28
Boberg, Felix, and Blom Andreas Holmgren. "Lärares och rektorers syn på skolans arbete med elevers matematikängslan." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-49145.
Full textAbstract:
Många elever i dagens svenska skolor har matematiksvårigheter. Det leder till att de inte klarar kunskapskraven i ämnet. En av de största anledningarna till elevers matematiksvårigheter i ämnet matematik är att eleverna har matematikängslan. Syftet med denna studie är därför att få kunskaper om lärares och rektorers syn på hur skolan arbetar med elever som har matematikängslan. För att uppnå studiens syfte genomfördes semistrukturerade intervjuer med lärare och rektorer på två olika skolor. Resultatet av studien visar att lärare och rektorers syn på arbetet med elevers matematikängslan skiljer sig i vissa avseenden. Det kan leda till att synen på hur skolan ska arbeta för att motverka matematikängslan hos elever skiljer sig mellan lärare och rektorer. Resultatet i studien visar att lärarnas arbetssätt för att motverka matematikängslan hos elever är att de arbetar med positiv respons och hur de kommunicerar matematik. Rektorernas syn på hur lärarna ska nå elever med matematikängslan är att öka lärarnas kompetens med exempelvis kompetensutbildningar. Samtidigt är lärarnas uppfattning att de vill få mer stöd i form av ökade resurser, som exempelvis en extra vuxen i klassrummet. Studiens slutsats är att det finns indikationer på att lärare och rektorer inte är överens om hur ett arbete med elevers matematikängslan borde se ut och gå till.There are many pupils in Swedish schools who have mathematical difficulties, which means that they don’t meet the knowledge requirements. One of the biggest reasons for pupils' mathematical difficulties in mathematics is that the students have mathematic anxiety. The purpose with this study is therefore to gain knowledge about teachers’ and principals’ views on how the school work with pupils who have mathematics anxiety. To find out how schools work with this we have conducted semi-structured interviews with teachers and principals at two different schools. The result of this study shows that teachers and principals don’t agree in their views on how to work with pupils’ mathematics anxiety. Because of this there are different views on how to counteract pupils’ mathematics anxiety. The result of this study shows that the way teachers are teaching today to counteract the pupils’ mathematic anxiety is that they work with positive response and how they communicate mathematics with the pupils. The principals’ view of how teachers should approach pupils with mathematic anxiety is to increase teachers’ competence. At the same time, the teachers’ view is that they want to be given more support by increased resources, such as an extra adult in the classroom for example. The conclusion of this study is that we see indications that teachers and principals don’t agree about how they should approach pupils with mathematics anxiety and how to work with them.
29
Svensson, Bim. "Elever i matematiksvårigheter : En kvalitativ studie om hur fyra speciallärare beskriver sitt arbete med att ge stöd för elever i matematiksvårigheter." Thesis, Jönköping University, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53744.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med studien är att få en större förståelse för elever i matematiksvårigheter genom att beskriva fyra speciallärares erfarenheter av undervisning med elever i matematiksvårigheter. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ ansats där fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med verksamma speciallärare. I resultatet redogörs speciallärarnas uppfattning av matematiksvårigheter, hur undervisningen kan se ut och hur samarbetet fungerar mellan speciallärare och klasslärare. Slutsatser som kan dras är att matematiksvårigheter inte endast beror på en enda faktor utan att flera olika perspektiv måste tas i beaktande för att kunna möta elever i matematiksvårigheter. De faktorer som nämns i störst utsträckning är olämplig undervisning, koncentrationssvårigheter, minnessvårigheter, läs-och skrivsvårigheter och matematikängslan. Elever stöttas genom konkret material och genom anpassad undervisning. Elever gynnas av en tillgänglig lärmiljö och att det finns en medveten plan om hur den särskilda undervisningen ska ske. Det är även viktigt att hitta brister i elevernas matematikkunskaper redan i förskoleklass för att förebygga att matematiksvårigheter uppkommer. Resultatet visade även att speciallärare och klasslärare har ett nära samarbete och hjälps åt när det gäller att analysera och kartlägga eleverna.The aim of the study is to contribute to a greater understanding of pupils’ difficulties in learning mathematics by describing four special teacher’s experiences of teaching students with difficulties. The study is based on a qualitative approach where four semi-structured interviews are implemented with active special teachers. The result describes how the special teachers' perception of mathematical difficulties, how the teaching can be planned and what the collaboration looks like between the special teacher and the class teacher. Conclusions is that mathematical difficulties do not only depend on one single factor and it is necessary to take into consideration to look at several different perspectives in order to be able to meet pupils with difficulties in learning mathematics. The factors that are mentioned to the greatest extent are inappropriate teaching, concentration difficulties, problem with working memory, reading- and writing difficulties and mathematical anxiety. Pupils are supported through concrete materials and adapted teaching. Pupils benefit from an accessible learning environment and that there is a conscious plan for how the special teaching should take place. It is also important to find gaps in mathematics already from preschool to prevent mathematical difficulties. The result also showed that special teachers and class teachers work closely together and help each other when it comes to analyzing pupils.
30
Milewa, Donald T. "Addition and subtraction calculations : a study exploring the views and strategies of children with mathematical learning difficulties (Dyscalculia) in Key Stage 2." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.628848.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates the views, perceptions, and strategies of children with mathematical learning difficulties (MD). Its main focus is on how they construct their understanding of addition and subtraction calculations. The study offers an insight into the way children with mathematical difficulties attempt to solve addition and subtraction calculations up to 50 and the strategies they use. Three boys and three girls in Key Stage 2 from two primary schools took part in the study. The participants had been identified as experiencing learning difficulties in mathematics according to the Local Authority identification criteria. The study was conducted using semi structured and task based clinical interviews. The data was analysed using Nvivo 8 to identify common themes for discussion. Task based clinical interviews link with the explanatory nature of the research and its aim of investigating how children with MD construct arithmetic understanding. The study showed children . liked practical maths such as card games and making robots. They liked help from their teachers or peers. The results showed all children experienced difficulties with counting procedures, misconceptions, using informal strategies, understand commutative rule and they showed signs of stress and anxiety during maths tasks. The research contributes towards new knowledge in the area of mathematical learning difficulties with regard to how these children construct their arithmetic understanding and their views about learning maths. The data suggests that the current generic intervention for these children does not work and it recognises the importance of an early diagnostic and identification of arithmetic difficulties. The study highlights the need for training of staff in schools to support the early identification of mathematical learning difficulties. The data provides the researcher with greater understanding of the children's views, strategies and understanding of their arithmetic learning and the need for further research in the area of mathematical difficulties.
31
Palm, Ann-Charlotte. "Vad händer med grundskoleelvens matematikkunskaper i övergången mellan år 3 och år 4? : En undersökning baserad på grundskollärares erfarenheter kring ämnet matematik i övergången mellan år 3 och år 4." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-145337.
Full textAbstract:
Denna studie undersöker vad det är som gör att elever i grundskolan kan upplevas ha svårigheter med ämnet matematik i år 4, när de inte visade det i år 3. De lärare som tar emot eleven i en övergång ifrågasätter de lärare som undervisat eleven under tidigare år. För att få information om vad det är som händer med elevers matematikkunskaper i övergången, valde jag att genomföra intervjuer med lärare som är behöriga i matematik. Varje lärare måste ha arbetat både med elever i år 3 och elever i år 4, med avgränsningen att läraren inte följt med eleverna från år 3 till år 4, utan haft sin anställning i respektive stadie. Eftersom det inte finns en färdig teori kring vad som påverkar elevens matematikkunskaper, har jag valt att göra kvalitativa intervjuer med inspiration från Grundad teori. Det gör att intervjuerna har formats av varje lärare med utgångspunkt från en intervjuguide som inte varit styrande. I analysen av intervjuerna, framkommer det att det är i förändringen som sker runtomkring eleven i övergången som svårigheter med matematiken uppstår. Eleven får träffa nya lärare med annorlunda förhållningssätt och undervisningsmodeller mot det de är vana vid tidigare. Matematikundervisningen förändras från att ha innehållit praktiskt material och färggranna matematikböcker som eleven skriver i till att bli mer teoretisk. Vidare förändras kunskapskraven i läroplanen och det visar sig att lärare i de olika stadierna inte är insatta i varandras läroplaner. Det leder till att det blir ett glapp i undervisningen i matematik från år 3 till år 4. Ramtiden påverkar matematikundervisningen utifrån att matematikämnet innehåller många olika områden som läraren ska lär ut till eleverna. Lärare hanterar detta olika. Några matematiklärare fokuserar på att varje elev ska ha lite kunskap inom varje område. Andra matematiklärare koncentrerar sin undervisning på att varje elev ska befästa de delar som tas upp inom matematikämnet. Det leder till att eleven inte hinner bearbeta varje område som ingår i matematikämnet. Ofta splittras klasser i år 3 och det bildas nya klasser i år 4. Då blandas elever som undervisats på olika sätt samman. Den nya läraren ska försöka möta den blandade gruppens olika förmågor i ämnet matematik. Förändringen kan ge konsekvenser för eleven, så att eleven får svårt att ta emot undervisningen från den nya läraren.This study investigates why pupils in elementary school may show difficulties with the subject of mathematics in year 4 when they did not show it in year 3. The teachers who receive the student in a transition question the teachers who taught the student in previous years. To get information about what happens to students' mathematical skills in transition, I chose to conduct interviews with teachers who teathes mathematics. Each teacher must have worked with students in year 3 and students in year 4, with the delimitation that the teacher did not follow the students from year 3 to year 4, but had their employment in each stage. Since there is no complete theory of what affects the student's mathematical knowledge in the transition, I have chosen to make qualitative interviews with inspiration from Grounded Theory. This means that the interviews have been formed by each teacher based on an interview guide that has not been governing. In the analysis of the interviews, it appears that it is in the change that occurs around the pupil in the transition as difficulties with mathematics arise. Students can meet new teachers with different approaches and teaching models to what they are used to in the past. Mathematics teaching changes from having included practical material and colorful math books that the learner writes in to become more theoretical. Furthermore, the knowledge requirements in the curriculum change and it turns out that teachers in the different stages are not familiar with each other's curricula. This leads to a gap in mathematics education from year 3 to year 4. The time frame affects mathematics teaching, based on the fact that the mathematical subject contains many different areas that the teacher will teach to the students. Teachers handle this differently. Some math teachers focus on each student having some knowledge in each area. Other math teachers focus their teaching on the fact that each student is to consolidate the parts that are included within the mathematical subject. This means that the student can not process some of the areas included in the mathematical subject. Often classes are split between year 3 and 4 and new classes are formed. Then students are mixed up in different ways. The new teacher will try to meet the various skills of the mixed group in the subject of mathematics. The change may have consequences for the pupil, so that the student may find it difficult to receive the teaching from the new teacher.
Utbildning
32
Fleron, Vilsmyr Viktoria, and Josefin Karlsson. "Utmaningarna med att bedriva inkluderande matematikundervisning för elever i odiagnostiserade matematiksvårigheter." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, matematik och samhälle (NMS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42983.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis focuses on the challenges in teaching students with undiagnosed mathematical difficulties in an inclusive environment. Previous research mainly focuses on medically diagnosed mathematical difficulties in special education. Therefore, this study will focus on undiagnosed mathematical difficulties that fall within the teacher’s responsibility in the main classroom, such as math anxiety, lack of motivation and low self-esteem. To include students with these difficulties in the teaching environment, the teacher needs to manage the entailed challenges. This study is based on a hypothesis and associated research questions to investigate what students see as difficulties within mathematics and, more indepth, what teachers see as challenges. The two surveys conducted are based on a quantitative survey and a semi-structured interview. Further, this thesis discusses the students’ difficulties within mathematics, the complexity of the inclusive process and the pedagogical competence. The results show that the time aspect and the need for an excellent pedagogical relationship with the students are two of the most common challenges for the teacher. Further, the conclusion confirms that to succeed with inclusive teaching, the teacher must practice relational pedagogy. Individualized education will also play an important role, which will be a significant challenge in larger groups of students. The study has been conducted under a short time limit, and therefore some convenience-selections have been necessary. Further research could advantageously contain the same hypothesis and be carried out in a larger population and for a more extended period.
33
Petersson, Susanne, and Agneta Brolin. "Inkluderad eller exkluderad? : Synen på matematikundervisning ur SUM- elevers perspektiv." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för matematikdidaktik (MD), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-30385.
Full textAbstract:
I denna studie undersöks vilka uppfattningar SUM-elever, elever med särskilda utbildningsbehov i matematik, har av matematikundervisning när de i klassrummet får specialpedagogiskt stöd i ämnet och hur de känner sig när de följer med specialläraren ut från klassrummet. Det övergripande syftet med studien är att belysa inkludering och exkludering ur ett elevperspektiv. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och har genomförts i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta SUM-elever från åk 4 och 5. Till grund för analysen används Asp-Onsjös (2006) tre olika aspekter på inkludering; rumslig, social och didaktisk. Resultatet visar att den inkludering som eleverna anser vara viktigast när de lär sig matematik är den didaktiska inkluderingen, inte den rumsliga eller sociala. Alla elever i studien kände sig socialt inkluderade och vad gäller den rumsliga inkluderingen spelade den inte någon större roll för dessa SUM-elever. Däremot visade elevuppfattningarna att de kände sig didaktiskt exkluderade i matematikklassrummet. Faktorer som påverkar detta är bland annat brist på konkret material, långa arbetspass samt möjlighet att kommunicera matematik för att förstå den.Abstract This study investigates the perceptions that SEM-students, special education need in mathematics, have when they receive special education in mathematics and how they feel when they leave the classroom to do mathematics with the special education teacher. The overall aim of this study is to highlight the inclusion and exclusion from a student perspective. The study has a qualitative approach and has been implemented in the form of semi-structured interviews with eight students in special education need in mathematics, SEM-students, from grades 4 and 5 in Sweden. The basis for our analysis is three different aspects of inclusion; spatial, social and didactic (Asp-Onsjö, 2006). The results show that the aspect of inclusion that students consider to be most important is didactic inclusion. All the students in the study felt socially included and the spatial inclusion did not play a major role for these SEM- students. The students did articulate that they felt didactical excluded in the classroom. Factors that affected this feeling of exclusion was lack of concrete materials, long working hours and the ability to communicate math to understand it.
34
Floberg, Agneta, and Helene Löfström. "Matematiska begrepp inom positionssystemet : - vilka är svårigheterna?" Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6695.
Full textAbstract:
Abstrakt
Studien behandlar begreppskunskap inom området positionssystemet hos elever i matematiksvårigheter. Undersökningen har gjorts i årskurs 4 och omfattar naturliga tal avseende tiobassystemet.
Studien består av en kvantitativ undersökning och en kvalitativ del med intervjuer.
Resultatet av studien har organiserats i tre områden som har betydelse för individens utveckling av matematiska begrepp. Talområdet 1-10, talsystemets uppbyggnad samt förståelsen av stora tal.
Av resultatet framgår att förståelse av ett begrepp kan vara mer ytlig än den ser ut att vara. Brister i grundläggande begreppsförståelse kan leda till att räknesvårigheter uppstår. Svårigheter är bland annat begreppen talsort och platsvärde, särskilt i stora tal.
Sökord: begrepp, matematiksvårigheter, positionssystemet, schema, specialundervisning, tiobassystemet.
Abstract
The study deals with the conceptual knowledge in the positional system for pupils with mathematical difficulties. The investigation was conducted in grade four and includes natural numbers for the ten-base system.
The study consists of a quantitative survey and a quality part with interviews.
The result of the study has been organized into three areas which have importance to the development of mathematical concepts for individuals. The number field 1-10, rules for the building of system of numbers and the understanding of large numbers.
The result shows that the understanding of a concept may be more superficial then it appears to be. Deficiency in basic conceptual understanding can lead to numeracy problems. The difficulties included the concepts place-value and magnitude of number, especially in large numbers.
Keywords: concept, mathematical difficulties, positional system, schema, special needs education, ten-base system.
35
Nordqvist, Louise. "En förenklad modell avintensivundervisning.- Modellens påverkan på en elev i matematiksvårigheter och modellens möjligheter och utmaningar för lärare." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-94474.
Full textAbstract:
It is the school's responsibility to give the students teaching that can encourage theirdevelopment and learning. One teaching method that has proven to be beneficial for studentsin math difficulties is intensive instruction. The purpose of this study was therefore to study,through a case study, how a simplified model of intensive instruction can impact a student inmath difficulties and his/her learning. The case study also highlights opportunities andchallenges with using the simplified model as a teacher. The results showed that the intensiveinstruction model had a positive effect on the student in several ways, but that the teacher shouldnot be too guiding if the teaching is going to be beneficial for the student. The results alsoshowed that the teacher needs to have good mathematical competence and that the teachingshould adapt the instruction to the student's conditions and needs. Another valuable result isthat the intervention gave positive learning effects in a relatively short time which might makeschools and teachers more willing to try using the simplified model of intensive instruction.Det är skolans ansvar att erbjuda en undervisning som främjar alla elevers utveckling och lärande. Ett arbetssätt som visat sig vara fördelaktigt för att främja lärandet hos elever i matematiksvårigheter är intensivundervisning. Den här studien har därför haft till syfte att, genom en fallstudie, undersöka hur en förenklad modell av intensivundervisning kan påverka lärandet hos en elev i matematiksvårigheter. Fallstudien undersökte även de möjligheter och utmaningar som finns med att som lärare genomföra en förenklad modell av intensivundervisning. Resultatet visade att intensivundervisningen påverkat eleven positivt i flera avseenden men att läraren inte får vara för lotsande om undervisningen ska bli fördelaktig för eleven. Resultatet visade även att läraren behöver ha en god matematisk kompetens och att undervisningen bör anpassas till elevens förutsättningar och behov. Ytterligare ett värdefullt resultat utifrån fallstudien är att interventionen gav resultat på kort tid och det kan bidra till att allt fler skolor och lärare vågar pröva denna undervisningsform.
36
Weinmark, Louise. ""Läsuppgifter i matematiken, det mest faktaintensiva språk du kan tänka dig" : En intervjustudie om undervisning av grundskoleelever med matematiksvårigheter." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-5288.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to investigate which factors teachers and special needs education teachers view as being the main causes of mathematical learning difficulties and from these choose how to educate pupils with these difficulties. The aim was also to investigate how this education is organised at two different schools. An interview based investigation addressed these objectives by using three comprehensive questions: Which factors do the teachers and special needs teachers view as being the main reasons for mathematical learning difficulties? How do teachers and special needs teachers educate pupils with mathematical learning difficulties? How is the education organised for pupils with mathematical learning difficulties at two different schools? This study is based on four interviews of three teachers and one special needs teacher. The people interviewed work at two different primary schools in the same local authority. The results of the interviews show that it is the pupils’ experiences of the maths that affects how well they comprehend the subject. Furthermore factors such as reading and writing difficulties can cause problems with regards to understanding tasks in maths. Educationalists in this study regard a varied education with an element of group work, communication and experimental material as being beneficial for pupils with mathematical learning difficulties. How the education of pupils is organised depends on the extent of the learning difficulties of each pupil. The needs of pupils with mild learning difficulties can be met by the form teacher whereas pupils with more severe difficulties require assistance from special teachers.
37
Wiklund, Adam. "Fördelaktiga undervisningsmetoder för elever i matematiksvårigheter vid lärande av tal i bråkformm." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-89941.
Full textAbstract:
Tal i bråkform är en viktig del av den svenska läroplanen, ett räknesätt som många elever har svårt att förstå. Lärare behöver vara insatta i olika undervisningsmetoder för tal i bråk-form, för att skapa bra undervisningstillfällen för elever. Detta behövs speciellt för elever i matematiksvårigheter. Undervisning ska anpassas utifrån elevers behov, vilket sker bäst när lärare känner till undervisningsmetoder som är fördelaktiga för elevers inlärning. Denna litte-raturstudie presenterar därför 15 undervisningsmetoder som forskning konstaterar som fördel-aktiga för undervisning om tal i bråkform för elever i matematiksvårigheter. Undervisnings-metoderna skiljer sig åt och är fördelaktiga på olika sätt. Undervisningsmetoderna passar också olika bra beroende på elevers tidigare kunskaper. Samtliga undervisningsmetoder för-klaras för att ge en tydlig bild av hur de kan bidra till fördelaktiga inlärningstillfällen för ele-ver i matematiksvårigheter.Fractions is an important part of the Swedish curriculum, which many students have diffi-culties understanding. Teachers need to be familiar with different teaching methods for frac-tions to create good teaching opportunities for students. Especially for students with mathe-matic difficulties. Teaching should be adapted based on students’ needs, which happens best when teachers know which teaching methods that are beneficial for students’ learning. This literature study therefore presents 15 teaching methods that research finds to be advantageous for teaching fractions to students in mathematical difficulties. The teaching methods differ and are advantageous in different ways. The teaching methods also suit the students differ-ently depending on the students’ previous knowledge. All 15 teaching methods are explained to give a clear picture of how they can contribute to advantageous learning opportunities for students with mathematical difficulties.
38
Duffield, Ruth J. "Essential Ingredients that form the basis for Mathematical Learning: What has 20 years of teaching mathematics to teenagers taught me?" Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-79675.
Full textAbstract:
Educators strive to improve student learning outcomes and there are numerous theories suggesting how this is best achieved. However, application of these theories to the coal face of a classroom is often fraught with obstacles resulting in poor outcomes. Constraints imposed by educational policy, school systems, structures and the individual students themselves, realistically require adaptation of
theoretical techniques if genuine learning is to be imparted to students. This paper discusses some of the issues surrounding the practical implementation of new methodologies into the classroom and
identifies important factors that affect teenagers in their learning of mathematics. Working within the constraints, constantly confronted with obstacles, can be frustrating and demoralising. This paper reflects on twenty years of classroom teaching of mathematics to students with relatively poor socio-economic backgrounds and the lessons learnt from them that may assist teachers to remain enthusiastic and creative with the energy to truly improve mathematics education. Key issues explored in the paper include: ‘Realities of a teacher’s working day’, ‘The learning of mathematics within a government secondary system’, and ‘What can be done to ensure mathematical learning takes place?’
39
Rückert, Sarah Louise Sonntag. "Memória de trabalho em crianças e adolescentes com tdah e dificuldade ou transtorno na matemática." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49338.
Full textAbstract:
Nessa dissertação foi adotado o modelo de explicação do Transtorno de Déficit de AtençãoHiperatividade (TDAH) que prioriza o déficit da memória de trabalho como o seu núcleo. Os teóricos deste modelo apresentam evidências de que a desatenção e a hiperatividade de crianças e adolescentes com TDAH estejam relacionadas a (e até produzidas por) um déficit na memória de trabalho. As crianças e os adolescentes com TDAH também apresentam baixo desempenho matemático, associado ao desempenho na memória de trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo é entender o papel desempenhado pela memória de trabalho (executivo central, alça fonológica e esboço visuoespacial) em crianças e adolescentes com TDAH em relação à dificuldade e ao transtorno de matemática. O banco de dados utilizado faz parte da pesquisa intitulada “Scholar high risk cohort study for the development of psychopathology and resilience – Prevention Study” do Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia – Psiquiatria do Desenvolvimento para Infância e Adolescência (INPD). Foram avaliados três componentes da memória de trabalho, através de quatro tarefas: span de dígitos na ordem direta – alça fonológica; span de dígitos na ordem inversa – executivo central mediado pela alça fonológica; Corsi Blocks na ordem direta – esboço visuoespacial; Corsi Blocks na ordem inversa – executivo central mediado pelo esboço visuoespacial. Os sujeitos com TDAH (n=205) foram avaliados para DM ou TM através do Teste de Desempenho Escolar de Stein (1994). Devido à pouca quantidade de sujeitos identificados com TM (n=7), foi necessário agrupá-los aos sujeitos com DM (n=23; n total=30). Foi realizada Análise de Regressão Logística Binária para verificar se os componentes da memória de trabalho poderiam explicar o diagnóstico de DM ou TM. Como a alça fonológica não teve poder explicativo nesta análise, compreende-se que o poder explicativo da tarefa span de dígitos na ordem inversa tenha sido significativo por exigir capacidade do executivo central, e não por causa da mediação da alça fonológica. O esboço visuoespacial não teve poder explicativo em relação ao diagnóstico de DM e TM no modelo multivariável. Os resultados desse estudo vão ao encontro de pesquisas que apontam o baixo desempenho em tarefas que avaliam o componente executivo central da memória de trabalho de crianças e adolescentes com TDAH. Este estudo também se alinha com as pesquisas que apontam a necessidade do executivo central para a execução de tarefas aritméticas; lembrando que cálculos aritméticos são a base do teste utilizado para diagnosticar a DM e o TM. Acredita-se que a perspectiva apresentada é promissora para a compreensão das relações entre o TDAH e a DM e o TM. A memória de trabalho pode estar desempenhando um papel mais importante do que os próprios sintomas de desatenção e hiperatividade/impulsividade na dinâmica do TDAH. Com isso não se pretende negar a influência que a desatenção e a hiperatividade exercem sobre a aprendizagem, mas sim vinculá-las e explicá-las pelos déficits na memória de trabalho apresentados por crianças e adolescentes com TDAH.This dissertation adopts an Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) model of explanation in which the working memory deficit is the disorder’s core. Proponents of this model provide evidence that inattention and hyperactivity in ADHD children and adolescents are related to (and even produced by) a working memory deficit. ADHD children and adolescents also have low mathematical performance which is associated to the working memory performance. This study’s goal is to understand the role played by working memory (central executive, phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad) in ADHD children and adolescents regarding mathematical learning difficulty (MLD) and mathematical disability (MD). The used database is part of a research entitled "Scholar high risk cohort study for the development of psychopathology and resilience – Prevention Study" from the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia – Psiquiatria do Desenvolvimento para Infância e Adolescência (INPD). Three components of working memory were evaluated through four tasks: forward digit span - phonological loop; backward digit span - central executive mediated by the phonological loop; forward Corsi Blocks - visuospatial sketchpad; backward Corsi Blocks - central executive mediated by the visuospatial sketchpad. The subjects with ADHD were assessed (n=205) for MLD and MD through the School Achievement Test (Stein, 1994). Due to the limited number of MD subjects identified (n=7), it was necessary to regroup them with the MLD subjects (n=23; total number=30). Binary Logistic Regression Analysis was performed to verify if the working memory components could explain the MLD or MD diagnosis. As phonological loop had no explanatory power in this analysis, it was understood that the backward digit span task explanatory power was significant because required the central executive ability, but not because it was mediated by the phonological loop. diagnosis in the multivariate model. The results of this study are compatible with studies that show poor performance on working memory central executive tasks in ADHD children and adolescents. This study also aligns with recent researches which point to the need of central executive to perform arithmetic tasks, noting that arithmetic computations are the test basis used to diagnose MLD and MD. The presented argument is promising for understanding the relationship between ADHD and MLD / MD. Working memory may play a more important role in the dynamics of ADHD than the actual symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. This study does not deny the inattention and hyperactivity influence on learning, but seeks to bind them with and explain them through the working memory deficits presented by ADHD children and adolescents.
40
Andersson, Oskar. "Åtgärdsprogram i matematik : Vägen mot kunskapskraven?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-45433.
Full textAbstract:
Läsåret 2013/2014 saknar nästan var tionde elev i årskurs 6 godkänt betyg i matematik. Matematik är ett av tre ämnen som en elev behöver godkänt i för att senare under sin skolgång kunna få gymnasiebehörighet. Skolan har ett lagstadgat uppdrag att ge alla elever förutsättningar att nå godtagbara kunskapskrav och om så inte sker ska ett särskilt stöd sättas in och dokumenteras i åtgärdsprogram. Åtgärdsprogram får kontinuerligt utstå en hel del kritik för att de alltför ofta brister i kvalitet. Genom en kvalitativ textanalys granskas 15 åtgärdsprogram med syfte att utveckla kunskapen kring hur arbetet med särskilt stöd i matematik skrivs fram och bearbetas. Studien visar att det finns en koppling mellan åtgärdsprogram och kunskapskrav i 22 av 29 behovsbeskrivningar i 11 av 15 åtgärdsprogram. Det saknas i fyra av 15 åtgärdsprogram helt en beskrivning av elevens behov av särskilt stöd utifrån kursplanen i matematiks centrala innehållsområden och angivna förmågor. Av 38 åtgärder i åtgärdsprogrammen är sex av tydlig karaktär och resterande 32 av diffus karaktär. En klar majoritet av åtgärderna uppfyller inte kriterier om utvärderingsbarhet och konkretion som anges i Skolverkets allmänna råd. Studien visar att 26 av 38 åtgärder har en anknytning till aktuell forskning kring vad som är att betrakta som gynnsamma åtgärder för elever i matematiksvårigheter. Enbart i två av 15 åtgärdsprogram syns ett tydligt samband mellan elevens framskrivna behov och de inskrivna åtgärderna.Academic year 2013/2014 almost every tenth student in grades 6 lacks passing grade in mathematics. Mathematics is one of the three subjects that a student needs to pass in order to later in their schooling get high school eligibility. The school has a statutory mandate to provide all students with opportunities to achieve acceptable knowledge requirements and if this is not done, a special support should be deployed and documented in an education plan. Education plans must constantly endure a lot of criticism because they do often lack in quality. Through a qualitative text analysis 15 education plans will be reviewed for the purpose of developing knowledge about how the work with special support in math are projected and processed. The study shows that there is a link between education plan and knowledge requirement in 22 of the 29 necessary descriptions in 11 of the 15 education plans. In four of the 15 education plans a description of the student's special needs based on the Mathematical Syllabuses core content and given abilities is missing entirely. Of the 38 measures in the education plans there are six with distinct character and the remaining 32 are of a diffuse character. A clear majority of the measures do not fulfill the criteria of evaluability and concreteness specified in Skolverkets general advice. The study shows that 26 of the 38 measures are related to current research on what is considered to be favorable measures for students in mathematics difficulties. Only two of the 15 education plans shows a clear connection between the students written needs and measures.
41
Västskär, Mirjam. "Språkstörning och matematiksvårigheter : några gymnasieelevers upplevelser och erfarenheter." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för lärarutbildning, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-19399.
Full textAbstract:
Problemområdet i denna uppsats rör matematiksvårigheter hos elever med språkstörning på gymnasiet. Bakgrunden är bland annat den rapport från SPSM (2018) som visar att rutiner kring elever med språkstörning på gymnasiet är bristfälliga samt en stor mängd forskning som konstaterar att det finns ett samband mellan språkstörning och matematik. Uppsatsens syfte är att synliggöra denna grupp genom att undersöka hur några elever med språkstörning på gymnasiet upplever och har upplevt sina matematiksvårigheter. Eftersom undersökningen utgår ifrån elevperspektivet valdes semistrukturerade intervjuer som metod. De fem deltagarna har alla diagnosen språkstörning, går på gymnasiet och har inte klarat gymnasiets första matematikkurs på utsatt tid. Elevernas berättelser och upplevelser diskuteras utifrån attributionsteorins modell om hur vi attribuerar våra motgångar och framgångar. Det framkommer att alla eleverna har fått kämpa med matematiken genom hela sin skolgång. Eleverna förklarar sina svårigheter till övervägande del med stabila, det vill säga oföränderliga, faktorer, både sådana som ligger utanför dem själva (externa) och sådana som ligger inom dem själva (interna). Varken eleverna själva eller lärare de mött, har kopplat ihop matematiksvårigheterna med diagnosen språkstörning. Utifrån resultaten diskuteras bland annat vikten av kunskap om sambandet mellan språkstörning och matematiksvårigheter hos matematiklärare samt samarbetet mellan denne och specialläraren med inriktning språk-, skriv- och läsutveckling. Vidare diskuteras organisatoriska förändringar som skulle kunna underlätta för den här elevgruppen och att man bör ha i beaktande hur upprepade misslyckanden resulterar i minskad motivation. Detta är särskilt relevant för elever, som förklarar sina motgångar med stabila, oföränderliga faktorer, då det minskar möjligheten att ta vara på den kapacitet de har.The research problem in this thesis concerns mathematical difficulties in pupils with specific language impairment (SLI) in upper secondary school. A large amount of research shows that there is a connection between specific language impairment and mathematical difficulties and a report from SPSM (2018) states that routines concerning pupils with SLI in upper secondary school are deficient. The purpose of the thesis is to make this group more visible by examining how some pupils with SLI in upper secondary school experience, and have experienced, their mathematical difficulties. Since the study is based on the student perspective, semi-structured interviews were chosen as a method. The five participants have all been diagnosed with SLI and attend upper secondary school. The students' stories and experiences are discussed based on the model of attribution theory, which describe how we attribute our adversities and successes. It appears that all the students have been struggling with mathematics throughout their schooling. Students explain their difficulties predominantly with stable, i.e. unchanging, factors, external as well as internal. Neither the students themselves nor the teachers they encountered have linked the mathematical difficulties with the diagnosis SLI. Based on the results, the importance of more knowledge among mathematics teachers about the relationship between SLI and mathematical difficulties is discussed, as well as the importance of collaboration between mathematics teachers and special education teachers. Furthermore, organizational changes that could facilitate this student group are discussed and moreover that one should consider how repeated failures result in reduced motivation. This is particularly relevant for students, who explain their setbacks with stable, unchanging factors, as it reduces the ability to take advantage of their capacity.
42
Norris, Kelly. "Raising Teacher Sensitivity to Key Numeracy Competencies in the Early Years." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1473.
Full textAbstract:
Mathematical competence is a key capability for success in adult life, and yet many students do not achieve functional levels of numeracy during their school lives. Furthermore, many teachers report that they lack the confidence in teaching mathematics that they have for teaching literacy. Research indicates that it is possible to predict which students are likely to have difficulties in mathematics as early as the Pre-Primary year, and interventions can be provided which are effective in minimising such difficulties. The assumption framing this project is that raising teachers’ understanding of and thus sensitivity to markers of the skills most predictive of mathematical success in the early years will result in teachers planning more targeted and responsive learning programs and positively influence classroom practice.
A professional learning intervention focussed on raising professional knowledge about the sequence of number development and the predictors of mathematical difficulties was provided to teachers of five to eight-year-old students. Tools were provided which focussed on linear tracks (board games) as an external model of number magnitude. The study utilised a pre-test post-test design and surveys, teacher interviews, reflective discussions and student estimation tests to examine effects on four outcomes: teacher self-efficacy beliefs, confidence for teaching number and aspects of Pedagogical Content Knowledge; and, student estimation skills.
The data revealed that the intervention was successful in improving teacher self-efficacy beliefs and confidence, particularly with regard to planning and providing intervention for students with mathematical difficulties. Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge was improved, particularly with regard to understanding the sequence of number skills development and building mental representations of number, but the extent to which this was reflected in changes to classroom practice differed markedly between teachers. The teachers who made the greatest changes taught in the Pre-Primary year and were those who reported the most substantial changes in Pedagogical Content Knowledge. The study indicates that board game use could be beneficial in raising the accuracy of student number line estimation when combined with such changes in teacher PCK and associated practice.
Although the research supporting the use of board games to develop mental number line representations is compelling, teachers who did not experience a shift in thinking tended to use these as additional tools to complement existing programs, with little noticeable effect. The implications of these findings are discussed with regard to planning professional learning interventions for teachers which are narrow in focus, supported by a small number of specific classroom tools which can be used within existing whole-class or rotational structures, and targeted towards inducing particular changes in thinking.
43
Emanuelsson, Tobias, and Petra D'Arcy. "Framgångssagor : berättelser om att lyckas i matematik." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för lärarutbildning, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-19699.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar kunskapsutvecklingen och motivationen i matematik hos gymnasieelever i matematiksvårigheter. Forskning som presenteras i denna studie visar att inom motivation finns det flera olika påverkansfaktorer som tillsammans har stor påverkan för en individs lärande. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten som detta arbete utgår ifrån är motivation som delas in i inre och yttre påverkansfaktorer. De inre faktorer som vi utgår från är matematikängslan, självförtroende och de mål med skolgången som eleven sätter upp för sig själv. De yttre faktorer som vi utgår från är skolans lärmiljöer, undervisning och även ett avstamp i relationellt perspektiv, där lärare-elevrelationer är centrala då undervisning och inlärning inte kan ske utan dessa. Som metod användes semistrukturerade intervjuer där totalt åtta gymnasieelever intervjuades individuellt vid ett tillfälle. Samtliga av dessa elever upplevs av sina lärare att de har gjort ovanligt stora framsteg under den tid de har gått på gymnasieskolan, där de gått från att ha stora matematiksvårigheter till att nu klara av och följa med i matematikundervisningen. Då resultaten analyserades framkom tydligt att eleverna nu befann sig i en bättre lärmiljö som i större utsträckning är mer tillgänglig för eleverna, för att de ska kunna ta till sig kunskaperna inom matematik. Undervisningen är nu mer strukturerad, tydlig och även mer vägledande. Flera av respondenterna har nu även en form av målsträvan i matematiken som varierade och gällde högre betyg, högre kunskaper och/eller behörighet att söka högre studier. Samtidigt upplevde respondenterna att de hade bättre relationer med sina lärare och att lärarna uppfattades i högre grad som stödjande, genuint intresserade av att lära ut och att respondenterna skulle lyckas. Läraren hade stor roll för att respondenternas självförtroende i matematik skulle kunna repareras.The aim of this study is to analyze which factors affects the development of knowledge, and the motivation of mathematic students with difficulties in mathematics in upper secondary school. Studies presented in this work shows that within motivation there are several factors which influence and together they have a huge impact upon students learning. The theoretical perspective which this study use is that motivation can be separated into intrinsic and extrinsic factors which influences individuals. The intrinsic factors we studied are mathematical anxiety, self-confidence and the inner goals which originates from within the student. The extrinsic factors we studied are learning environment, teaching and the relational perspective, where teacher-student relationships are fundamental for all education and learning cannot take place without it. As a method, we used semi structured interviews where a total of eight students in upper secondary school were interviewed individually at one occasion. All of the students are perceived by their teachers to have done remarkable progress in mathematics during the time they have studied in upper secondary school, as they have gone from having mathematical difficulties to be able to participate and to be active in the mathematics education. When the results were analyzed, we understood that students today are in a preferable learning environment which to a greater extent is more accessible for students, therefore their ability to learn mathematics has improved. The teaching now is better structured, distinct and also more formative. Several respondents now also have an achievement goal varying between higher grades, better knowledge and/or to be qualified for higher studies. At the same time the respondents experience better teacher-student relations and perceive their teachers as being more supportive, genuinely more interested to teach and committed to the success of the students. The teachers have had a huge impact to restore the respondent’s self-confidence in mathematics.
44
Thander, Lina. "Matematiksvårigheter och läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Hänger det ihop?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskapernas och matematikens didaktik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175980.
Full textAbstract:
This study is a quantitative study that has examined 29 students in grade 8 who have not received a pass grade in mathematics. The focus of this study is in two areas: first, which mathematical abilities do the students have the greatest difficulties in, and second, on the relationship between mathematics difficulties and reading and writing difficulties. Mathematical abilities have been studied using knowledge matrices from the national tests in mathematics. Reading and writing difficulties has been investigated using test results from diagnostic material in the area. The results show that conceptual and problem-solving skills are the most difficult abilities in which previous research also indicates. Procedural ability is the ability where most students show competency, which also is consistent with previous research. The study indicates that there are links between mathematics difficulties and reading and writing difficulties, although it is not possible to show strong correlations in this small study.
45
Ismail, Qaimah. "An investigation of children's mathematics difficulties." Thesis, University of York, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428403.
Full text
46
Thunholm, Camilla. "Att arbeta med elever i matematiksvårigheter : Fyra speciallärares berättelser." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Estetisk-filosofiska fakulteten, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7843.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med denna studie är att få ta del av speciallärares erfarenheter kring sitt arbete med elever i matematiksvårigheter. Jag valt att göra en livsberättelsestudie, där fyra speciallärares berättelser kring sitt arbete med elever i matematiksvårigheter är i fokus. Genom deras egna berättelser om sitt liv som speciallärare vill jag komma åt hur de jobbar med sina elever och varför de väljer att jobba på just de sätten de gör. Jag vill få fram speciallärarens tankar kring varför dessa elever hamnar i matematiksvårigheter och vad det kan bero på.Resultatet visar att de speciallärare som deltagit i studien är ganska samstämmiga i hur de idag jobbar med sina elever och varför de gör som de gör. Resultatet visar att det är en komplex fråga hur man får dessa elever inkluderade i den ordinarie undervisningen. Speciallärarna i studien ser att elever i svårigheter ofta kan vara rumsligt inkluderade, då de är i klassrummet med sina klasskamrater, men att de inte har något utbyte av det som sker, då de inte hänger med i undervisningen. Speciallärarna ser då att det är större möjligheter att klara dessa elever om de plockas ut i mindre grupper eller enskilt. Det är många faktorer som spelar in för att en elev ska lyckas med matematik och en viktig del i speciallärarnas arbete handlar om att skapa en lugn och trygg miljö för dessa elever. Det visar sig att endast en mindre del av deras berättelser handlade om att arbeta med matematiksvårigheter, då fokus i deras arbete oftast ligger på andra områden. Det centrala i allas berättelser handlar om hur viktigt det är för dem att skapa en bra miljö för sina elever, där eleverna får chans att bygga upp sin självkänsla och att få dem att våga tro på sig själva.The purpose of this study is to gain access to Special Education Needs (SEN) Teachers experiences in their work with students with mathematical difficulties. I have decided to do a life story study, with four SEN Teachers' stories about their work with students of mathematical difficulties in focus. By their own stories about their life as a SEN Teachers, I would like to find out how they work with their students and why they choose to work the way they do. I want to get the SEN Teacher`s thoughts about why these students end up in difficulties with mathematics and what the reason might be.The results show that the SEN Teachers who participated in the study are fairly consistent in how they currently work with their students, and why they work the way they do. The results also show that it is a very complex issue to get these students included in the regular curriculum. The SEN Teachers see that students with difficulties can often be spatially included when they are placed in the classroom with their classmates, but cannot keep up with what is happening in the classroom, and they won’t gain the right knowledge. SEN Teachers will see that there are better chances of success with these students if they are placed in small groups or individually. There are many factors that come into play for a student to succeed in mathematics, and an important part of the SEN Teachers' work is about creating a peaceful and safe environment for these students. I found that only a small part of their stories was about the actual work with mathematics difficulties, the main part of their work were often needed in other areas. The core message of all the stories is the importance to create a good environment for their students, where the students have a chance to build their self esteem and to believe in themselves.
47
Olofsson, Linda, and Mirzeta Talic. "Trollspö och mirakelkur eller arbete som förändringsagent : Yrkesrollen som speciallärare i praktik och teori." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för lärarutbildning, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-19467.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med studien är att belysa och analysera hur speciallärare med inriktning matematikutveckling och dess rektorer ser på speciallärarens roll och dess arbetsuppgifter i förhållande till examensordningen. Metodvalet vid genomförandet av studien var en kvalitativ metod i form av 10 intervjuer där 5 speciallärare med inriktning mot matematikutveckling och dess 5 rektorer medverkade. Urvalet av intervjupersonerna utgick från fem kriterier som användes för att skapa ett målinriktat urval. Resultatet analyserades sedan utifrån Abbotts professionsteori (1988) samt utifrån ett relationellt och kategoriskt perspektiv. Resultaten visar hur speciallärarnas främsta arbetsuppgifter är att bedriva undervisning samt anpassa lärmiljön. Ett område som de inte lyckats göra anspråk på i större utsträckning är utvecklingsarbetet. Det råder oklarheter hos lärare, ledning samt andra yrkesroller på skolorna kring speciallärarens uppdrag, därför kan uppdraget se olika ut och framgår därmed vara lokalt förhandlingsbart. Det som kan påvisas är att examensordningen inte är det som ligger till grund i utformningen av speciallärarens uppdrag och arbetsuppgifter. Studien visar att det är rektorns visioner för organisationen, kompetenser samt förmåga att styra som har den avgörande rollen för vilka förutsättningar och hinder för att genomföra uppdraget. Att specialläraren är en del i EHT framgår vara en viktig förutsättning, även att få tid till att genomföra kompetensutveckling samt samarbete med andra aktörer både i och utanför skolan. En ytterligare förutsättning framgår vara att specialläraren tillåts arbeta med det som de är anställda till att göra såsom undervisa, utreda och föra utvecklingsarbete och inte delges andra arbetsuppgifter på grund av organisationens plötsliga behov.The purpose of the study is to elucidate and analyze how teachers with special education specialization in mathematics development and its principals look at the role of the special education teacher and its tasks in relation to the degree system. The method selection in the implementation of the study was a qualitative method in the form of 10 interviews in which 5 special education teachers with a focus on mathematics development and its 5 principals participated. The selection of the interviewees was based on five criteria that were used to create a targeted selection. The result was then analyzed based on Abbott's professional theory (1988) and from a relational and categorical perspective. The results show how the special education teachers main tasks are to conduct teaching and adapt the learning environment. One area that they have not succeeded in claiming to a greater extent is the development work. There are uncertainties among teachers, management and other professional roles at the schools concerning the special education teachers assignment, therefore the assignment may look different and thus appear to be locally negotiable. What can be demonstrated is that the degree order is not what forms the basis of the design of the special education teachers assignments and tasks. The study shows that it is the principal's visions for the organization, competencies and the ability to control which has the decisive role for what conditions and obstacles to the implementation of the assignment. The fact that the special education teacher is a part of student health framers appears to be an important prerequisite, also to have time to implement competence development and collaboration with other actors both inside and outside the school. An additional prerequisite is that the specialist teacher is allowed to work with what they are employed to do such as teaching, investigate and development work and not be served other tasks because of the organisation's sudden needs.
48
Speer, William R. "Creating Desirable Difficulties to Enhance Mathematics Learning." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-83097.
Full text
49
Hammaräng, Anna Karin, and Inger Nyström. "Extra anpassningar i matematik : Hur tolkas och fungerar det?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för matematik (MA), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-68842.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med den här studien är att bidra med en bild av hur enskilda lärare och lärararbetslag förstår extra anpassningar i matematik. Lärararbetslags förståelse av matematiksvårigheter är avgörande för vilka elever som får extra anpassningar och hur dessa utformas. I studien undersöks och skapas en bild av den förståelse som vuxit fram under de tre år som gått sedan lagändringen/genomförandet 2014. Studien har en hermeneutisk ansats och bygger på en enkät, studier av elevers skriftliga individuella utvecklingsplaner och två fokusgruppsdiskussioner med lärararbetslag för elever i årskurs 3. Empirin är tolkad utifrån det matematikdidaktiska och specialpedagogiska fältet med extra anpassningar som forskningsområde. Resultatet analyseras utifrån Goffmans teori om det främre rummet och med inspiration av analysmetoden Grounded Theory. I resultatet framgår att lärarna inte uppfattar någon tydlig gräns mellan ledning och stimulans, och extra anpassningar. Lärarna uttrycker att de möter eleven där den är, anpassar och individualiserar och att det sker inom ramen för ordinarie undervisning. Lärarna ser inte extra anpassningar som något nytt efter lagändringen, utan något som har funnits med i undervisningen långt tidigare. Samtidigt beskriver lärarna att undervisning och material anpassas mer idag. I matematik är de extra anpassningarna tydligt målrelaterade, framförallt färdighetsbaserade, samtidigt som arbetssätten och arbetsformerna för anpassningarna inte tydliggörs. I elevernas individuella skriftliga utvecklingsplaner är det ibland svårt att utläsa, om insatserna är en framåtsyftande planering eller en extra anpassning. Extra anpassningar dokumenteras och hanteras på olika sätt i de olika lärararbetslagen. Lärararbetslagen upplever dokumentationen som problematisk och tidskrävande. I studien synliggörs styrkan av arbetslagsarbete. Lärarna i arbetslagen visar på en ambition att vilja förstå och följa skolans styrdokument.The purpose of the study is to investigate and create a vision of how individual teachers and teams of teachers understand the concept of special adjustments in Mathematics. Teachers' understanding of mathematical difficulties is important for which pupils get special adjustments and how they are designed. The study examines and creates a view of understanding that has been developed since the amendment of the Swedish School Law in 2014. The approach of the study is hermeneutic and is based on a survey, studies of individual development plans and two focus group discussions with teams of teachers for students in the 3rd grade. The empiricism is interpreted from the mathematic didactics and the special pedagogical area, with special adjustments as the research area. The result is analyzed based on Goffman's theory front stage and inspired by the Grounded Theory analysis method. The result shows that the teachers do not perceive a clear line between management and stimulus, and special adjustments. The teachers express they support the student in its starting-point. The teachers’ education is adjusted and individualized through the frame of ordinary education. The teachers do not see special adjustments as something new after the amendment of the law, rather as something that has been present in the education for a long time. At the same time the teachers need to modify their teaching and material more today. The special adjustments in Mathematics are explicitly target related, especially mathematic skills. Working methods for the adjustments are not clarified. In the individual development plans it is sometimes hard to determine if the input is a forward looking plan or a special adjustment. Special adjustments are documented and handled in different ways. The teachers’ experience the documentation as problematic and time consuming. In the study it is possible to determine the power of working in teams. The teachers show an ambition of understanding and following the regulatory documents of the school.
50
Carstensen, Lina, and Linda Meyner. ""Räkna i boken" : En kvalitativ läromedelsanalys som undersöker möjligheten för lärare att uppnå differentieringsuppdraget med hjälp av läroboken." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Matematiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157703.
Full textAbstract:
Det här produktionsarbetet undersöker hur enligt tidigare forskning erkända differentierade strategier återfinns i läroböcker som används i kursen Matematik 2b, en kurs där en stor andel elever får underkänt betyg. Många lärare utgår från lärobokens uppbyggnad när de utformar sin matematikundervisning vilket lägger stor vikt vid hur läroboken är utformad. Syftet med arbetet är därför att undersöka om läroböcker som används i kursen Matematik 2b är utformade på ett sätt som hjälper läraren att lyckas med sitt differentierande uppdrag i det inkluderande klassrummet. Resultatet införskaffades genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys och visade att strategierna struktur, mängdträning, explicita instruktioner, metastrategier, vardagsmatematik och visuella representationer återfinns på flera olika sätt, både i lärobokens förklarande text och övningsuppgifter. Slutsatsen är att läroböckerna har potential att ge läraren förutsättningar för att lyckas med differentieringsuppdraget. Dock krävs det att läraren är förtrogen både med läroboken och elevernas olika behov för att kunna använda läroboken på ett sätt, som möter dessa behov.This production paper examines how differentiating instructional strategies that are acknowledged by earlier research are found in textbooks that are used in one of the upper secondary courses in math, a course that a great proportion of students fail. Many teachers base their instruction in mathematics on the textbook, which imposes great significance on how the textbook is designed. The purpose of the paper is therefore to examine if textbooks that are used in the course are designed in a way that helps the teacher to achieve with their differentiating task in the inclusive classroom. The result was obtained through a qualitative content analysis and showed that the strategies structure, extended repetition, explicit instruction, meta strategies, everyday math and visual representations were found in a variety of ways, both in the explanatory text and the exercises of the textbooks. The conclusion is that the textbooks have potential to provide the teacher with prerequisites to succeed with their differentiating task. However, this requires that the teacher is conversant with the textbook in order to be able to use it in a conscious way which addresses different student needs.