Journal articles on the topic 'Matt Adams'

Abstract In a classical work (Ann. Math.128, (1988) 385–398), D. R. Adams proved a sharp Trudinger–Moser inequality for higher-order derivatives. We derive a sharp Adams-type inequality and Sobolev-type inequalities associated with a class of weighted Sobolev spaces that is related to a Hardy-type inequality.

Abstract Here we show that mast cells (MCs) express the metalloproteases of the A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) family, and that ADAMTS expression is influenced by MC activation. Co-culture of MCs with live Gram-positive bacteria caused a profound induction of ADAMTS-9 and -6, as well as down-regulated expression of ADAMTS-5. Similar patterns were also seen after MC activation with calcium ionophore and by immunoglobulin E receptor crosslinking. Moreover, ADAMTS-5, -6 and -9 were all induced by activation of terminally differentiated murine peritoneal MCs and in a human MC line. ADAMTS-9 up-regulation in response to immunoglobulin E receptor crosslinking was strongly dependent on Gö6976-sensitive protein kinase C and partly dependent on nuclear factor of activated T cells and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, respectively. The expression of ADAMTS-5, -6 and -9 was closely linked to MC maturation, as shown by their strong induction during the differentiation of bone marrow precursor cells into mature MCs. ADAMTS family members have been shown to possess aggrecanase activity. Accordingly, MCs were shown to express aggrecanase activity. Finally, ADAMTS-5 protein was detected in MCs by immunocytochemistry. Taken together, the present study reveals ADAMTS expression by MCs and that MC activation regulates the expression of these proteases, thus implicating the ADAMTS family of proteases in MC function.

The space telescopic mast has the characteristics of high rigidity, strong bearing capacity and simple deployment principle. Aiming at the shortcomings of large mass and limited screw length in the existing telescopic mast, a spiral climbing-driven telescopic mast was designed, and the structural design and kinematic analysis were studied. The verification results of the motion simulation through ADAMS software are consistent with theoretical calculations. The new telescopic mast has the characteristics of light weight, low manufacturing cost, and unrestricted length of single-section stretching.

ABSTRACTCaptain William Adams (1837–1890) was one of the exceptional whaling masters who sailed from Dundee in Scotland. This paper uses primary sources to confirm his reputation not only as a whaler but also as an adventurous explorer and wealthy businessman. He became outstandingly successful with Alexander Stephen & Sons, the Dundee shipping company that pioneered the use of auxiliary powered vessels for use in sealing in Labrador and fishing for whales in the Davis Strait and beyond. His first command was the Arctic in 1868, and his reputation was such that he was chosen by Albert Hastings Markham as his mentor in gaining experience for polar exploration. The unfortunate loss of the Arctic in Regent Sound in 1875 did no damage to this reputation and Adams was made Master of the newly built flagship of the company's fleet, the Arctic II. In 1883, by then a rich man, Adams became his own Master with the purchase of the Maud. In 1890, the vessel was returning to Dundee from Arctic waters when Captain Adams, who was accompanied by his son also William Adams (1869–1942) acting as Mate, was taken fatally ill, dying at Thurso in Caithness.

In order to improve the safety and the dynamic stability of the hoistable mast, the method of parametric optimization was introduced and the dynamic model was established by the multi-rigid-body dynamic analysis soft of Adams in the beginning of the product design. Then, the dynamic simulation and the structure optimization were carried out. It was shown that the maximum force on the primary oil cylinder was reduced by 10%, the maximum force on the secondary oil cylinder was reduced by 8%, the structure layout of the mast was more reasonable and the dynamic stability were improved. Also, it was proved that the optimized structure of the hoistable mast was reasonable and feasible by simulation results.

The diversity of the small family Dilaridae in the world includes less than 80 described species, 10 of which known for Brazil. Representatives of the family in Brazil are known for the states of Amazonas, Rondônia, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná and Santa Catarina. This note includes the first record of the family for the state of São Paulo, with the report of Nallachius limai Adams, 1970 in the Parque Estadual Horto Florestal, Campos do Jordão.

Against the application of spatial structure field, a configuration design about hexagonal radial deployable structures is presented, and illustrates its working principle. According to the characteristics of its motion, the moving space of the structure is analyzed; the mechanical property of the deployable mast is fully analyzed. The stretch and shrink of the deployable mast is simulated by ADAMS, and modal of hinge joint is analyzed by Partran . Results show that the new type of radial deployable structures is reasonable and reliable to promote.

Abstract In this paper, we give a boundedness criterion for the potential operator { {\mathcal I} }^{\alpha } in the local generalized Morrey space L{M}_{p,\varphi }^{\{{t}_{0}\}}(\text{Γ}) and the generalized Morrey space {M}_{p,\varphi }(\text{Γ}) defined on Carleson curves \text{Γ} , respectively. For the operator { {\mathcal I} }^{\alpha } , we establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the strong and weak Spanne-type boundedness on L{M}_{p,\varphi }^{\{{t}_{0}\}}(\text{Γ}) and the strong and weak Adams-type boundedness on {M}_{p,\varphi }(\text{Γ}) .

In the Volume 4, Number 1, 1986, issue of Gifted Education International, Dr. Ruth R. Adams, City College, New York, presented a case study of a gifted child with learning problems who was in the third grade. The enclosed report discusses problems he was having three years later. The initial referral was made because of difficulties in math, but deficits in language processing were found as well.


 
 
 Se ha calculado una pérdida de más de la mitad del área original y un empobrecimiento florístico de los bosques en el Centro de Chiapas para los últimos 35 años. A nivel nacional se ha desarrollado investigación en diversas ramas de la mayoría de las especies de coníferas, pero pocas integran conocimientos suficientes para servir de referencia en su manejo y conservación. La Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN) para México clasifica a Juniperus comitana y a J. deppeana var. gamboana como especies vulnerables; son endémicas y las más septentrionales en el Continente Americano. Son útiles para la restauración de bosques y de suelos degradados y, adicionalmente, aportan materia prima a los pobladores rurales que la aprovechan y comercializan como tablas, vigas, postes para cerco, leña, artesanías, y para la elaboración de muebles, puertas, ventanas y lambrín. Por ello y por la amenaza de extinción que enfrentan, se llevaron acabo estudios relativos a sus aspectos ecológicos, biológicos y reproductivos, lo que generó un respaldo que contiene la información mínima para planear el manejo y preservación de sus poblaciones naturales, así como la producción de plantas para los procesos de restauración forestal. Los resultados obtenidos sirvieron para determinar la distribución natural actual, los métodos más efectivos para: la recolección, estimación de la producción y manejo de semillas, además del análisis de la calidad de las semillas y la propagación de plantas en vivero.
 
 

Based on Dynamics of Flexible Multi-body theories, the flexible multi-body model of tower crane is established, by using the module of ADAMS/FLEX. The vibration characteristics of tower crane is analysed during the case of braking slewing motion by introducing the modal neutral file of tower crane flexible jib and mast. Advices are given in this paper for the dynamic analysis and the control design of tower crane.

The paper designed a straw crusher device based on genetic optimization design method. Firstly, straw crusher device math model was build. Secondly, taking the cutter shaft as optimized object, the cutter shaft in the working device axis diameter, internal diameter and ratio were set as variables, and taking the lightest quality of cutter shaft as the objective function, to build the mathematical model of straw crusher. Then combined with the GA optimum design method, straw crusher optimization design model and simulation model were optimized. Lastly, the structural parameters of straw crusher and satisfactory results were get. The article improves the efficiency of design and the quality of product; it also provides a new kind of design method for agricultural machinery.

Dilaridae is a small family of Neuroptera that includes fewer than 80 described species of which 10 are known from Brazil in the states of Amazonas, Rondônia, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Minas Gerais, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina. This note includes the first record of the family for the state of Pernambuco, with the report of Nallachius dicolor Adams, 1970 in the city of Jatobá (northeastern Brazil).

AbstractAfter recent work of Hill, Hopkins and Ravenel on the Kervaire invariant one problem [M. A. Hill, M. J. Hopkins and D. C. Ravenel, On the non-existence of elements of Kervaire invariant one, Ann. Math. (2), 184 (2016), 1–262], as well as Adams’ solution of the Hopf invariant one problem [J. F. Adams, On the non-existence of elements of Hopf invariant one, Ann. Math. (2), 72 (1960), 20–104], an immediate consequence of Curtis conjecture is that the set of spherical classes in H∗Q0S0 is finite. Similarly, Eccles conjecture, when specialized to X=Sn with n> 0, together with Adams’ Hopf invariant one theorem, implies that the set of spherical classes in H∗QSn is finite. We prove a filtered version of the above finiteness properties. We show that if X is an arbitrary CW-complex of finite type such that for some n, HiX≃0 for any i>n, then the image of the composition π∗ΩlΣl+2X→π∗QΣ2X→H∗QΣ2X is finite; the finiteness remains valid if we formally replace X with S−1. As an application, we provide a lower bound on the dimension of the sphere of origin on the potential classes of π∗QSn which are detected by homology. We derive a filtered finiteness property for the image of certain transfer maps ΣdimgBG+→QS0 in homology. As an application to bordism theory, we show that for any codimension k framed immersion f:M↬ℝn+k which extends to an embedding M→ℝd×ℝn+k, if n is very large with respect to d and k then the manifold M as well as its self-intersection manifolds are boundaries. Some results of this paper extend results of Hadi [Spherical classes in some finite loop spaces of spheres. Topol. Appl., 224 (2017), 1–18] and offer corrections to some minor computational mistakes, hence providing corrected upper bounds on the dimension of spherical classes H∗ΩlSn+l. All of our results are obtained at the prime p = 2.

Peristaltic flow of viscoelastic fluid through a uniform channel is considered under the assumptions of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The fractional Oldroyd-B constitutive viscoelastic law is employed. Based on models for peristaltic viscoelastic flows given in a series of papers by Tripathi et al. (e.g. Appl Math Comput. 215 (2010) 3645–3654; Math Biosci. 233 (2011) 90–97) we present a detailed analytical and numerical study of the evolution in time of the pressure gradient across one wavelength. An analytical expression for the pressure gradient is obtained in terms of Mittag-Leffler functions and its behavior is analyzed. For numerical computation the fractional Adams method is used. The influence of the different material parameters is discussed, as well as constraints on the parameters under which the model is physically meaningful.

AbstractThe article characterizes the impact test method using Drop-Tower Impact Test with the registration of the value of force and energy of breaking. Based on sources, the possibilities and scope of the current application of this method were determined and the current state of knowledge on the results of these tests was reviewed. In order to determine the possibility of using the method in impact tests of high strength steel joints, investigations of hybrid PTA - GMA welding conditions on impact strength of joints of MART S1300QL steel were carried out. In particular, the influence of t8/5 cooling time on the impact strength of welded joints by the Drop - Tower Impact Test method was determined. It has been shown that the use of dropping machine with computer-based registration of breaking force and energy values was possible in the case of impact strength testing of UHSS welded joints and enabled precise analysis of the energy distribution dynamics absorbed by the tested.

We analyze the structure of the virtual (orbifold) [Formula: see text]-theory ring of the complex orbifold [Formula: see text] and its virtual Adams (or power) operations, by using the non-Abelian localization theorem of Edidin–Graham [D. Edidin and W. Graham, Nonabelian localization in equivariant [Formula: see text]-theory and Riemann–Roch for quotients, Adv. Math. 198(2) (2005) 547–582]. In particular, we identify the group of virtual line elements and obtain a natural presentation for the virtual [Formula: see text]-theory ring in terms of these virtual line elements. This yields a surjective homomorphism from the virtual [Formula: see text]-theory ring of [Formula: see text] to the ordinary [Formula: see text]-theory ring of a crepant resolution of the cotangent bundle of [Formula: see text] which respects the Adams operations. Furthermore, there is a natural subring of the virtual K-theory ring of [Formula: see text] which is isomorphic to the ordinary K-theory ring of the resolution. This generalizes the results of Edidin–Jarvis–Kimura [D. Edidin, T. J. Jarvis and T. Kimura, Chern classes and compatible power operation in inertial [Formula: see text]-theory, Ann. K-Theory (2016)], who proved the latter for [Formula: see text].

Abstract The aim of this article is to validate the method of conducting a multipoint temperature measurement in the area of welded joints as a tool for quality assessment of the joints in question. In order to establish a relationship between temperature readout at a given point, the value of heat input and the distance of the point form the weld axis, preliminary tests have been conducted on a set of padding welds. Correlation of measurement data analysis showed the high 0.99 level. In the second stage of the study, temperatures of joints welded with two different methods have been measured: the HPAW (Hybrid Plasma – Arc Welding) and classic SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) method. The obtained temperature curves reflect the intensity of heat input in a given welding process. When compared to thermal effects on metallographic specimens, the shapes of the curves show a potential for quality assessment of joints in production conditions. Estimating thermal effects with classic analytical methods proves imprecise with respect to advanced high-power welding processes. Monitoring temperature will allow to assess the quality of joints in the course of welding, which may be a remarkable factor in terms of limiting the HAZ (heat affected zone) tempering of joints made from MART steels (advanced high strength martensitic steel) – a phenomenon that exceedingly decreases the strength of the joints. The method for quality assessment of welded joints presented in this paper allows to extend the analysis of welding thermal conditions.

Purpose – In this article, a detailed design of a novel power line inspection robot is studied. This robot can be used to move on ground wires for special purposes such as inspection and fault detection of electric power lines. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Designed active and passive mechanisms in the proposed robot enable it to move over various obstacles on ground wires, such as clamps, warning balls and mast tips. Indeed, this robot is the first designed robot with the capability of moving over all ground wire obstacles. The active mechanisms contain seven rubber-coated rollers (i.e. four vertical rollers and three horizontal rollers) as well as three mechanisms in order to make horizontal rollers move vertically. The passive mechanisms also include a set of spring-dampers installed in each joint of robot arms. Findings – The simulation results in the ADAMS software revealed a desirable stability of performance when moving on the ground wires with a maximum slope of 30-degree. Also, the robot showed a suitable performance when passing over the warning balls (with a maximum diameter of 700 mm), rectangular mast tips (170×170 mm) and mast tips with a 30-degree twist in the horizontal plane. Practical implications – The feasibility of these maneuvers is proved with a prototype implementation and successful test results. This robot is approximately 60 kg weight and can move in ground wires with maximum speed of 20 m/min. Originality/value – The proposed robot is able to move on ground cable and pass over different kinds of obstacles like warning balls and mast tips (straight and angular) with maximum speed of 20 m/min.

… the arrival of the ale made an agreeable diversion; for Adam had to give his opinion of the new tap, which could not be otherwise than complimentary to Mrs Poyser; and then followed a discussion on the secrets of good brewing, the folly of stinginess in ‘hopping,’ and the doubtful economy of a farmer's making his own malt. Mrs Poyser had so many opportunities of expressing herself with weight on these subjects, that by the time supper was ended, the ale mug refilled, and Mr Poyser's pipe alight, she was once more in high good-humour, and ready, at Adam's request, to fetch the broken spinning-wheel for his inspection.—George Eliot,Adam Bede

Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be two rings, [Formula: see text] an ideal of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be a ring homomorphism. The ring [Formula: see text] is called the amalgamation of [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] along [Formula: see text] with respect to [Formula: see text]. It was proposed by D’anna and Fontana [Amalgamated algebras along an ideal, Commutative Algebra and Applications (W. de Gruyter Publisher, Berlin, 2009), pp. 155–172], as an extension for the Nagata’s idealization, which was originally introduced in [Nagata, Local Rings (Interscience, New York, 1962)]. In this paper, we establish necessary and sufficient conditions under which [Formula: see text], and some related constructions, is either a Hilbert ring, a [Formula: see text]-domain or a [Formula: see text]-ring in the sense of Adams [Rings with a finitely generated total quotient ring, Canad. Math. Bull. 17(1) (1974)]. By the way, we investigate the transfer of the [Formula: see text]-property among pairs of domains sharing an ideal. Our results provide original illustrating examples.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar as comunidades infestantes de plantas aquáticas presentes nos reservatórios da Light-Sistema de Eletricidade S.A., localizada no município de Piraí-RJ. Os levantamentos foram realizados no período de julho a setembro de 1998. Os reservatórios analisados foram: Vigário, Pereira Passos e Lajes, sendo as quantidades de pontos amostrados de 19, 9 e 15, respectivamente. Em cada ponto amostrado fez-se a marcação das coordenadas geográficas e avaliou-se a porcentagem de ocupação do corpo d'água pelas espécies de plantas aquáticas presentes. Depois da identificação das plantas, pôde-se verificar quais eram as espécies mais freqüentes e a sua distribuição dentro do sistema de geração de energia. As espécies encontradas nos reservatórios foram: Brachiaria arrecta (Hack.) Stent.; Egeria densa Planch.; Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth.; Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms.; Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees.; Panicum rivulare Trin.; Pistia stratiotis L.; Polygonum spp.; Sagitaria montevidensis Cham. & Schlecht; Salvinia auriculata (Micheli) Adans; e Thypha dominguensis L.

Abstract. When simulating a wind turbine, the lowest eigenmodes of the rotor blades are usually used to describe their elastic deformation in the frame of a multi-body system. In this paper, a finite element beam model for the rotor blades is proposed which is based on the transfer matrix method. Both static and kinetic field matrices for the 3-D Timoshenko beam element are derived by the numerical integration of the differential equations of motion using a Runge–Kutta fourth-order procedure. In the general case, the beam reference axis is at an arbitrary location in the cross section. The inertia term in the motion differential equation is expressed using appropriate shape functions for the Timoshenko beam. The kinetic field matrix is built by numerical integration applied on the approximated inertia term. The beam element stiffness and mass matrices are calculated by simple matrix operations from both field matrices. The system stiffness and mass matrices of the rotor blade model are assembled in the usual finite element manner in a global coordinate system accounting for the structural twist angle and possible pre-bending. The program developed for the above-mentioned calculations and the final solution of the eigenvalue problem is accomplished using MuPAD, a symbolic math toolbox in MATLAB®. The natural frequencies calculated using generic rotor blade data are compared with the results proposed from the FAST and ADAMS software.

The contractivity-preserving 2- and 3-step predictor-corrector series methods for ODEs (T. Nguyen-Ba, A. Alzahrani, T. Giordano and R. Vaillancourt, On contractivity-preserving 2- and 3-step predictor-corrector series for ODEs, J. Mod. Methods Numer. Math. 8:1-2 (2017), pp. 17--39. doi:10.20454/jmmnm.2017.1130) are expanded into new optimal, contractivity-preserving (CP), d-derivative, k-step, predictor-corrector, Hermite- Birkhoff--Obrechkoff series methods, denoted by HBO(d,k,p), k=4,5,6,7, with nonnegative coefficients for solving nonstiff first-order initial value problems \(y'=f(t,y)\), \(y(t_0)=y_0\). The main reason for considering this class of formulae is to obtain a set of methods which have larger regions of stability and generally higher upper bound \(p_u\) of order \(p\) of HBO(d,k,p) for a given d. Their stability regions have generally a good shape and grow generally with decreasing \(p-d\). A selected CP HBO method: 6-derivative 4-step HBO of order 14, denoted by HBO(6,4,14) which has maximum order 14 based on the CP conditions compares satisfactorily with Adams--Cowell of order 13 in PECE mode, denoted by AC(13), in solving standard N-body problems over an interval of 1000 periods on the basis of the relative error of energy as a function of the CPU time. HBO(6,4,14) also compares well with AC(13) in solving standard N-body problems on the basis of the growth of relative positional error, relative energy error and 10000 periods of integration. The coefficients of HBO(6,4,14) are listed in the appendix.

e12559 Background: Pregnancy associated breast cancer (PABC), defined as breast cancer diagnosed during or within one year after pregnancy, occurs approximately once in every 3,000 pregnancies and accounts for up to 6.9% of all breast cancers in women ≤ 45 years. Compared to age-matched non-PABC patients, PABC is generally characterized by a particularly aggressive histopathologic profile (more ER-, PR- and HER2 negative tumors and tumors of higher grade) with a higher mortality rate. Whether these cancers arise before or during pregnancy, and whether their genetic profile differs from non-PABC tumors, is currently unknown. This study assesses the genetic background of PABC by detection of specific DNA copy number alterations (CNA). Methods: We assembled 29 triple-negative PABC patients from the Dutch nationwide pathology database (PALGA). From their formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue blocks, DNA was extracted. Multiplex Ligation-Dependent probe Amplification (MLPA) analysis was performed for detection of CNAs in 20 oncogenes and 2 tumor suppressor genes using the P078-D2 kit (MRC Holland). Individual gene copy number loss (MLPA ratio < 0.7), gain (ratio 1.3-2.0) and amplification (ratio > 2.0) was determined and unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to identify differences in copy number (CN) patterns between PABC patients. Chi square statistics were used to interrogate associations with clinicopathologic characteristics. Log-Rank test was used to compare Kaplan Meier survival curves between CN subgroups. Results: Triple negative PABC tumors showed frequent copy number loss on chromosome 17q ( CPD, MED1, TOP2A, MAPT, PPM1D) and 8p ( ZNF703 and ADAM9), as well as frequent copy number gain/amplification of MYC (8q) and CCND1 (11q). Cluster analysis identified 2 clusters of PABC patients based on their tumor copy number patterns: a CN-neutral cluster and a CN-high cluster, the latter demonstrating significantly lower chromosome 17 copy numbers than the former (for PPM1D, ERBB2, CPD, MED1, TOP2A, CDC6 and MAPT). Patients with CN-neutral tumors more often showed lymph node metastases (p = 0.028), were of significantly higher stage (p = 0.031), and demonstrated a worse overall survival (p = 0.036) compared with PABC patients harboring CN-high tumors. Conclusions: We demonstrate different tumor CN patterns within a small group of triple negative PABC-patients, associated with distinct aggressiveness. This will form the basis for further in-depth genetic profiling within a larger Dutch PABC cohort, rendering insight in the disease progression and contributing to the development of more targeted and personalized treatments.

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) accounts for approximately 20% of mammographically detected breast cancers. Although DCIS is generally highly curable, some women with DCIS will develop life-threatening invasive breast cancer, but the determinants of progression to infiltrating ductal cancer (IDC) are largely unknown. In the current study, we used multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), a multiplex PCR-based test, to compare copy numbers of 21 breast cancer related genes between laser-microdissected DCIS and adjacent IDC lesions in 39 patients. Genes included in this study were ESR1, EGFR, FGFR1, ADAM9, IKBKB, PRDM14, MTDH, MYC, CCND1, EMSY, CDH1, TRAF4, CPD, MED1, HER2, CDC6, TOP2A, MAPT, BIRC5, CCNE1 and AURKA.There were no significant differences in copy number for the 21 genes between DCIS and adjacent IDC. Low/intermediate-grade DCIS showed on average 6 gains/amplifications versus 8 in high-grade DCIS (p=0.158). Furthermore, alterations of AURKA and CCNE1 were exclusively found in high-grade DCIS, and HER2, PRDM14 and EMSY amplification was more frequent in high-grade DCIS than in low/intermediate-grade DCIS. In contrast, the average number of alterations in low/intermediate and high-grade IDC was similar, and although EGFR alterations were exclusively found in high-grade IDC compared to low/intermediate-grade IDC, there were generally fewer differences between low/intermediate-grade and high-grade IDC than between low/intermediate-grade and high-grade DCIS.In conclusion, there were no significant differences in copy number for 21 breast cancer related genes between DCIS and adjacent IDC, indicating that DCIS is genetically as advanced as its invasive counterpart. However, high-grade DCIS showed more copy number changes than low/intermediate-grade DCIS with specifically involved genes, supporting a model in which different histological grades of DCIS are associated with distinct genomic changes that progress to IDC in different routes. These high-grade DCIS specific genes may be potential targets for treatment and/or predict progression.

Modeling uncertainties in the input parameters of computer simulations is an established way to account for inevitably limited knowledge. To overcome long run-times and high demand for computational resources, a surrogate model can replace the original simulation. We use spatially adaptive sparse grids for the creation of this surrogate model. Sparse grids are a discretization scheme designed to mitigate the curse of dimensionality, and spatial adaptivity further decreases the necessary number of expensive simulations. We combine this with B-spline basis functions which provide gradients and are exactly integrable. We demonstrate the capability of this uncertainty quantification approach for a simulation of the Hokkaido Nansei–Oki Tsunami with anuga. We develop a better understanding of the tsunami behavior by calculating key quantities such as mean, percentiles and maximum run-up. We compare our approach to the popular Dakota toolbox and reach slightly better results for all quantities of interest. References B. M. Adams, M. S. Ebeida, et al. Dakota. Sandia Technical Report, SAND2014-4633, Version 6.11 User’s Manual, July 2014. 2019. https://dakota.sandia.gov/content/manuals. J. H. S. de Baar and S. G. Roberts. Multifidelity sparse-grid-based uncertainty quantification for the Hokkaido Nansei–Oki tsunami. Pure Appl. Geophys. 174 (2017), pp. 3107–3121. doi: 10.1007/s00024-017-1606-y. H.-J. Bungartz and M. Griebel. Sparse grids. Acta Numer. 13 (2004), pp. 147–269. doi: 10.1017/S0962492904000182. M. Eldred and J. Burkardt. Comparison of non-intrusive polynomial chaos and stochastic collocation methods for uncertainty quantification. 47th AIAA. 2009. doi: 10.2514/6.2009-976. K. Höllig and J. Hörner. Approximation and modeling with B-splines. Philadelphia: SIAM, 2013. doi: 10.1137/1.9781611972955. M. Matsuyama and H. Tanaka. An experimental study of the highest run-up height in the 1993 Hokkaido Nansei–Oki earthquake tsunami. National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program Review and International Tsunami Symposium (ITS). 2001. O. Nielsen, S. Roberts, D. Gray, A. McPherson, and A. Hitchman. Hydrodymamic modelling of coastal inundation. MODSIM 2005. 2005, pp. 518–523. https://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim05/papers/nielsen.pdf. J. Nocedal and S. J. Wright. Numerical optimization. Springer, 2006. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-40065-5. D. Pflüger. Spatially Adaptive Sparse Grids for High-Dimensional Problems. Dr. rer. nat., Technische Universität München, Aug. 2010. https://www5.in.tum.de/pub/pflueger10spatially.pdf. M. F. Rehme, F. Franzelin, and D. Pflüger. B-splines on sparse grids for surrogates in uncertainty quantification. Reliab. Eng. Sys. Saf. 209 (2021), p. 107430. doi: 10.1016/j.ress.2021.107430. M. F. Rehme and D. Pflüger. Stochastic collocation with hierarchical extended B-splines on Sparse Grids. Approximation Theory XVI, AT 2019. Springer Proc. Math. Stats. Vol. 336. Springer, 2020. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-57464-2_12. S Roberts, O. Nielsen, D. Gray, J. Sexton, and G. Davies. ANUGA. Geoscience Australia. 2015. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.12401.99686. I. J. Schoenberg and A. Whitney. On Pólya frequence functions. III. The positivity of translation determinants with an application to the interpolation problem by spline curves. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 74.2 (1953), pp. 246–259. doi: 10.2307/1990881. W. Sickel and T. Ullrich. Spline interpolation on sparse grids. Appl. Anal. 90.3–4 (2011), pp. 337–383. doi: 10.1080/00036811.2010.495336. C. E. Synolakis, E. N. Bernard, V. V. Titov, U. Kânoğlu, and F. I. González. Standards, criteria, and procedures for NOAA evaluation of tsunami numerical models. NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. 2007. https://nctr.pmel.noaa.gov/benchmark/. J. Valentin and D. Pflüger. Hierarchical gradient-based optimization with B-splines on sparse grids. Sparse Grids and Applications—Stuttgart 2014. Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering. Vol. 109. Springer, 2016, pp. 315–336. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-28262-6_13. D. Xiu and G. E. Karniadakis. The Wiener–Askey polynomial chaos for stochastic differential equations. SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 24.2 (2002), pp. 619–644. doi: 10.1137/S1064827501387826.

Abstract Introduction: Novel array-based technique-single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray can detect cytogenetic lesions mostly involving structural alterations with losses or gains of chromosomic material. These abnormalities are predictive of response and can help define therapeutic strategies. SNP microarray can also detect copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN-LOH), which has a described role in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) by inducing oncogene duplication, tumor suppressor inhibition and epigenetic reprogramming. Aim: To improve conventional cytogenetic analysis and identify new genes relevant to leukemogenesis by SNP array-based genotyping. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 279 AML patients (pts) at diagnosis by SNP Array 6.0 or Cytoscan HD Array (Affymetrix). Thirty-four samples were also analyzed by Whole Exome Sequencing WES (HiSeq 2000,Illumina). SNP Array data were analyzed by Nexus Copy Number™ v7.5 (BioDiscovery) and R Development Core Team, while WES data were analyzed by GATK and MuTect. Results: Copy Number Alterations (CNAs) were scattered across all chromosomes (chrs). All pts showed CNA events: 44.4% of CN gain, 21% of CN loss and 34.6% of CN-LOH. Single copy gains mainly affected chrs X, 1, 2, 4, 9 and 8. Duplications occurred at chrs 2, 3, 5 and 14. Heterozygous loss events were detected in chrs 3, 5 and 14, while regions of deletion were located in chrs 6, 7 and 22. The CN-LOH event was the most common event and involved chrs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8. We studied the deletome profile in our cohort (Fig. 1) pf pts in order to define the minimal common deletion region. SNP array analysis showed that several genes were preferentially deleted, including ADAM5 (12,9%), PHF6 (12,2%), AGPS (10%), SOX6 (7,9%), WT1 (6,5%), CRLF2 (5,4%) and LRRK1 (4,3%); while the genes preferentially amplified were GPC3 (70,25%), FLT3 (44,8%), FGF13 (36,2%), KIT (31,54%), AFF2 (31,5%), ETS1 (26,52%), MITF (22,2%), CASK (16,5%), CDY1 (14,33%), MECP2 (14,33%), FOXP2 (14%) and SMAD4 (12,9%). Single-copy losses and deletions were enriched (p<0,001) for genes mapping into the following pathways: cancer-related (87 genes), metabolism (154 genes), ErbB signaling (34 genes), MAPK signaling (55 genes), ubiquitin mediated proteolysis (33 genes). Thirty-eight loss and 3 deletion events were shared by at least 14 pts (5%). Ten genes were deleted in at least 10 patients (3,6%). Concerning single copy gain and amplified genes, the functional pathways significantly represented in our cohort were: cancer-related (103 genes), regulation of actin cytoskeleton (60 genes), MAPK signaling (64 genes), metabolic (171 genes) and cell adhesion molecules pathways (CAMs, 5 genes). Regarding gain events, 24 genes were shared by at least 42 pts (15%), 184 genes were shared by at least 14 pts (5%) and 58 genes by at least 28 pts (10%); whereas 15 genes have duplication events (in homozygosis) shared by at least 14 pts (5%). Significant CN-LOH events included genes mapping to metabolic pathways (249 genes), pathways in cancer (103 genes), regulation of actin cytoskeleton (67 genes), calcium signaling pathways (57 genes), WNT signaling pathways (51 genes) and protein digestion and absorption (34 genes). CN-LOH events in 119 genes were shared by at least 14 patients (5%). Finally, we could distinguish 3 clusters of pts, each one characterized by a peculiar pattern of amplified or deleted genes. In order to define relevant pathogenic mechanisms in our cohort, we combined the deletome profile with WES data obtained from 34 pts. Interestingly, we found deletion of genes which are also targeted by mutations (BRCA2, LRRK1). Moreover, some deleted genes, as CASK, CDK6 and MAPT, were involved in pathways affected by genomic mutations (CASK deletion and MPP6 mutation, CDK6 deletion and PPM1B mutation, MAPT deletion and SPAG5 mutation). Conclusion: By SNP array we have identified CNAs involving novel potential leukemia-related genes. Our results suggest that the comparison between SNP and WES data could provide important findings on the prognosis of AML pts. Minimal deleted regions deserve further investigation in order to identify new candidate oncogenes which could be relevant AML biomarkers. Acknowledgment: ELN, AIL, AIRC, PRIN, progetto Regione-Università 2010-12(L. Bolondi), FP7 NGS-PTL project. MCF and VG equally contributed to this work. Figure 1. Figure 1. Disclosures Soverini: Novartis, Briston-Myers Squibb, ARIAD: Consultancy. Cavo:JANSSEN, CELGENE, AMGEN: Consultancy. Kralovics:AOP Orphan: Research Funding; Qiagen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Martinelli:BMS: Speakers Bureau; MSD: Consultancy; Roche: Consultancy; ARIAD: Consultancy; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Pfizer: Consultancy.

CME/CNE Information Activity Available Online: To access the article, post-test, and evaluation online, go to http://www.cmscscholar.org. Target Audience: The target audience for this activity is physicians, physician assistants, nursing professionals, and other health care providers involved in the management of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Learning Objectives: 1) Differentiate between measurement tools for clinical walking capacity and for real-world performance. 2) Describe discrepancies between performance on a walking capacity test and real-world performance, and how these discrepancies vary between patients with high versus low walking capacity. Accreditation Statement: In support of improving patient care, this activity has been planned and implemented by the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers (CMSC) and Delaware Media Group. The CMSC is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team. Physician Credit: The CMSC designates this journal-based activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. Nurse Credit: The CMSC designates this enduring material for 1.0 contact hour (none in the area of pharmacology). Disclosures: Francois Bethoux, MD, Editor in Chief of the International Journal of MS Care (IJMSC), has served as Physician Planner for this activity. He has disclosed relationships with Springer Publishing (royalty), Qr8 (receipt of intellectual property rights/patent holder), Biogen (receipt of intellectual property rights/patent holder, speakers’ bureau), GW Pharma (consulting fee), BioRhythms (consulting fee, contracted research), and Adamas Pharmaceuticals (contracted research). Laurie Scudder, DNP, NP, has served as Reviewer for this activity. She has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. Kedar K.V. Mate, PhD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. Nancy E. Mayo, PhD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. One peer reviewer for IJMSC has disclosed a relationship with Biogen (advisory board consultant, fee paid to institution); the other peer reviewer has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. The staff at IJMSC, CMSC, and Delaware Media Group who are in a position to influence content have disclosed no relevant financial relationships. Note: Financial relationships may have changed in the interval between listing these disclosures and publication of the article. Method of Participation: Release Date: June 1, 2020 Valid for Credit Through: June 1, 2021 In order to receive CME/CNE credit, participants must: 1) Review the continuing education information, including learning objectives and author disclosures.2) Study the educational content.3) Complete the post-test and evaluation, which are available at http://www.cmscscholar.org Statements of Credit are awarded upon successful completion of the post-test with a passing score of >70% and the evaluation. There is no fee to participate in this activity. Disclosure of Unlabeled Use: This educational activity may contain discussion of published and/or investigational uses of agents that are not approved by the FDA. CMSC and Delaware Media Group do not recommend the use of any agent outside of the labeled indications. The opinions expressed in the educational activity are those of the faculty and do not necessarily represent the views of CMSC or Delaware Media Group. Disclaimer: Participants have an implied responsibility to use the newly acquired information to enhance patient outcomes and their own professional development. The information presented in this activity is not meant to serve as a guideline for patient management. Any medications, diagnostic procedures, or treatments discussed in this publication should not be used by clinicians or other health care professionals without first evaluating their patients’ conditions, considering possible contraindications or risks, reviewing any applicable manufacturer’s product information, and comparing any therapeutic approach with the recommendations of other authorities.

BackgroundDuvelisib, an FDA-approved oral phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-δ,γ inhibitor, targets tumor cells of B/T cell malignancies, but may modulate non-malignant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of many cancers. PI3K–δ and PI3K–γ downmodulate immunosuppressive Tregs and myeloid cells in solid tumors.1, 2, 3 We used single-cell RNA analysis of PIK3CD and PIK3CG to explore resistance mechanisms to checkpoint inhibitors (CPI).MethodsSingle-cell melanoma (SKCM) RNAseq datasets: GSE120575;4 CD45+ cells from 48 CPI responders and non-responder tumors, and GSE115978;5 33 treatment-naïve and CPI-progressing (resistant) tumors. Cancer cells and CD45+ TME subpopulations, specified by gene expression signatures and tSNE plots, had PI3K gene expressions profiled. Differential gene expression (DE) was gated in MAST/Seurat. Fishers test Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated for ‘high’ expression.ResultsPIK3CD expression is higher in SKCM than most cancers (10.8 median RSEM log 2).7 By single-cell analysis, PIK3CD (> 0.3 log2 TPM) occurs in 68.2% of cancer cells, with PIK3CB, PIK3CA, and PIK3CG expressed in 32.3%, 12.0%, and 7.2% respectively. PIK3CD-high cancer cells (>4 log2 TPM) have a 711-gene DE gene signature mostly related to immune processes. A higher proportion of cancer cells in CPI resistant tumors express PIK3CD, than untreated tumors (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.65–2.48, p=3.04 × 10–12), as do PIK3CD+PIK3CG-expressing cancer cells (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.47–3.13, p=4.2 × 10-5). Additionally, in PI3K–δ or PI3K–γ high melanoma cell lines duvelisib inhibited proliferation, p-AKT and c-myc.7 PIK3CD and PIK3CG are prominently expressed in many SKCM CD45+ TME cells (84.5% and 31.7% CD45+ respectively). PIK3CD (>0.3 log2 TPM) occurs in a high fraction of T (85.7%), CD8+ T (86.3%), CD4+ T (86.9%), B (78.5%), macrophages (88%), and NK (85%). PIK3CG is highest in B, dendritic, cycling lymphocytes and plasma cells. Strikingly, a significantly higher proportion of PIK3CD+ cells occur in resistant tumors compared to untreated for all CD45+ cells, (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.40–1.94, p=4.79 × 10-10), CD8+ T (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.61–2.86, p=6.5 × 10-8), and an exhausted C8+ T subpopulation (OR 3.17, 95% CI 1.89–5.37, p=2.95 × 10-6). PIK3CD+PIK3CG-expressing CD45+ cells are significantly increased in CPI-resistant tumors (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.07–1.39, p=0.002).ConclusionsThese findings support a mechanism where CPI therapies may contribute to modulation of PI3Kδ expression in cancer cells and the immune TME. The PI3K-δ,γ inhibitor duvelisib is being investigated in combination with CPI and evaluated in the context of CPI resistance in clinical trials: pembrolizumab (HNSC, NCT04193293), and nivolumab (Richter’s Syndrome, NCT03892044).ReferencesAli K, Soond DR, Pineiro R, Hagemann T, Pearce W, Lim EL, Bouabe H, Scudamore CL, Hancox T, Maecker H, Friedman L, Turner M, Okkenhaug K, Vanhaesebroeck B. Inactivation of PI(3)K p110δ breaks regulatory T-cell-mediated immune tolerance to cancer Nature 2014; 510(7505):407–411.Kaneda MM, Messer KS, Ralainirina N, Li H, Leem CJ, Gorjestani S, Woo G, Nguyen AV, Figueiredo CC, Foubert P, Schmid MC, Pink M, Winkler DG, Rausch M, Palombella VJ, Kutok J, McGovern K, Frazer KA, Wu X, Karin M, Sasik R, Cohen EE, Varner JA. PI3Kγ is a molecular switch that controls immune suppression. Nature 2016; 539(7629):437–442.De Henau O, Rausch M, Winkler D, Campesato LF, Liu C, Cymerman DH, Budhu S, Ghosh A, Pink M, Tchaicha J, Douglas M, Tibbitts T, Sharma S, Proctor J, Kosmider N, White K, Stern H, Soglia J, Adams J, Palombella VJ, McGovern K, Kutok JL, Wolchok JD, Merghoub T. Overcoming resistance to checkpoint blockade therapy by targeting PI3Kγ in myeloid cells. Nature 2016; 539(7629):443–447.Sade-Feldman M, Yizhak K, Bjorgaard SL, Ray JP, de Boer CG, Jenkins RW, Lieb DJ, Chen JH, Frederick DT, Barzily-Rokni M, Freeman SS, Reuben A, Hoover PJ, Villani AC, Ivanova E, Portell A, Lizotte PH, Aref AR, Eliane JP, Hammond MR, Vitzthum H, Blackmon SM, Li B, Gopalakrishnan V, Reddy SM, Cooper ZA, Paweletz CP, Barbie DA, Stemmer-Rachamimov A, Flaherty KT, Wargo JA, Boland GM, Sullivan RJ, Getz G, Hacohen N. Defining T Cell States Associated with Response to Checkpoint Immunotherapy in Melanoma. Cell 2018; 175: 998–1013.Jerby-Arnon L, Shah P, Cuoco MS, Rodman C, Su MJ, Melms JC, Leeson R, Kanodia A, Mei S, Lin JR, Wang S, Rabasha B, Liu D, Zhang G, Margolais C, Ashenberg O, Ott PA, Buchbinder EI, Haq R, Hodi FS, Boland GM, Sullivan RJ, Frederick DT, Miao B, Moll T, Flaherty KT, Herlyn M, Jenkins RW, Thummalapalli R, Kowalczyk MS, Cañadas I, Schilling B, Cartwright ANR, Luoma AM, Malu S2, Hwu P, Bernatchez C, Forget MA, Barbie DA, Shalek AK, Tirosh I, Sorger PK, Wucherpfennig K, Van Allen EM, Schadendorf D, Johnson BE, Rotem A, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Garraway LA, Yoon CH, Izar B, Regev A. A Cancer Cell Program Promotes T Cell Exclusion and Resistance to Checkpoint Blockade. Cell 2018; 175: 984–997.Firebrowse Gene Expression Viewerhttp://firebrowse.org/viewGene.html.Coma S, Weaver DT, Pachter JA. [Poster #663] The dual PI3K-δ/PI3K-γ inhibitor duvelisib inhibits signaling and proliferation of solid tumor cells expressing PI3K-δ and/or PI3K-γ. AACR. 2020.

AbstractIn this paper, we apply the Fractional Adams-Bashforth-Moulton Method for obtaining the numerical solutions of some linear and nonlinear fractional ordinary differential equations. Then, we construct a table including numerical results for both fractional differential equations. Then, we draw two dimensional surfaces of numerical solutions and analytical solutions by considering the suitable values of parameters. Finally, we use the L

O estudo contribui para uma melhor compreensão da história cultural da masculinidade e da sexualidade. Para tanto toma como base a peça de teatro The boys in the band, de Mart Crowley, suas respectivas encenações americanas (1968-2018) e sua versão cinematográfica (2020) para imprimir discussões sobre as subjetividades homossexuais pré-Stonewall, pré-fechação, pré-lacração. Os autores, seguindo as impressões de Tony Adams (2011), levam em conta o papel central que a saída do armário – o segredo homossexual masculino – desempenha na cultura ocidental, mas se afastando da lógica dualista, que obriga o sujeito a sair ou a permanecer no armário, permitindo-lhe vislumbrar a política identitária como sempre aberta, contínua, e nunca totalmente estável.

AbstractIn connection with our works in Molnár (On isometries of space forms. Colloquia Math Soc János Bolyai 56 (1989). Differential geometry and its applications, Eger (Hungary), North-Holland Co., Amsterdam, 1992), Molnár (Acta Math Hung 59(1–2):175–216, 1992), Molnár (Beiträge zur Algebra und Geometrie 38/2:261–288, 1997) and Molnár et al. (in: Prékopa, Molnár (eds) Non-Euclidean geometries, János Bolyai memorial volume mathematics and its applications, Springer, Berlin, 2006), Molnár et al. (Symmetry Cult Sci 22(3–4):435–459, 2011) our computer program (Prok in Period Polytech Ser Mech Eng 36(3–4):299–316, 1992) found 5079 equivariance classes for combinatorial face pairings of the double-simplex. From this list we have chosen those 7 classes which can form charts for hyperbolic manifolds by double-simplices with ideal vertices. In such a way we have obtained the orientable manifold of Thurston (The geometry and topology of 3-manifolds (Lecture notes), Princeton University, Princeton, 1978), that of Fomenko–Matveev–Weeks (Fomenko and Matveev in Uspehi Mat Nauk 43:5–22, 1988; Weeks in Hyperbolic structures on three-manifolds. Ph.D. dissertation, Princeton, 1985) and a nonorientable manifold $$M_{c^2}$$ M c 2 with double simplex $${\widetilde{{\mathcal {D}}}}_1$$ D ~ 1 , seemingly known by Adams (J Lond Math Soc (2) 38:555–565, 1988), Adams and Sherman (Discret Comput Geom 6:135–153, 1991), Francis (Three-manifolds obtainable from two and three tetrahedra. Master Thesis, William College, 1987) as a 2-cusped one. This last one is represented for us in 5 non-equivariant double-simplex pairings. In this paper we are going to determine the possible Dehn type surgeries of $$M_{c^2}={\widetilde{{\mathcal {D}}}}_1$$ M c 2 = D ~ 1 , leading to compact hyperbolic cone manifolds and multiple tilings, especially orbifolds (simple tilings) with new fundamental domain to $${\widetilde{{\mathcal {D}}}}_1$$ D ~ 1 . Except the starting regular ideal double simplex, we do not get further surgery manifold. We compute volumes for starting examples and limit cases by Lobachevsky method. Our procedure will be illustrated by surgeries of the simpler analogue, the Gieseking manifold (1912) on the base of our previous work (Molnár et al. in Publ Math Debr, 2020), leading to new compact cone manifolds and orbifolds as well. Our new graphic analysis and tables inform you about more details. This paper is partly a survey discussing as new results on Gieseking manifold and on $$M_{c^2}$$ M c 2 as well, their cone manifolds and orbifolds which were partly published in Molnár et al. (Novi Sad J Math 29(3):187–197, 1999) and Molnár et al. (in: Karáné, Sachs, Schipp (eds) Proceedings of “Internationale Tagung über geometrie, algebra und analysis”, Strommer Gyula Nemzeti Emlékkonferencia, Balatonfüred-Budapest, Hungary, 1999), updated now to Memory of Professor Gyula Strommer. Our intention is to illustrate interactions of Algebra, Analysis and Geometry via algorithmic and computational methods in a classical field of Geometry and of Mathematics, in general.

We consider the mass-critical non-linear Schrödinger equation on non-compact metric graphs. A quite complete description of the structure of the ground states, which correspond to global minimizers of the energy functional under a mass constraint, is provided by Adami, Serra and Tilli in [R. Adami, E. Serra and P. Tilli. Negative energy ground states for the L2-critical NLSE on metric graphs. Comm. Math. Phys. 352 (2017), 387–406.] , where it is proved that existence and properties of ground states depend in a crucial way on both the value of the mass, and the topological properties of the underlying graph. In this paper we address cases when ground states do not exist and show that, under suitable assumptions, constrained local minimizers of the energy do exist. This result paves the way to the existence of stable solutions in the time-dependent equation in cases where the ground state energy level is not achieved.

De acordo com as análises filogenéticas do Grupo Filogenético de Angiospermas (APG IV 2016), Sapotaceae está no clado Asterídea, dentro da ordem Ericales, apresentando uma maior similaridade filogenética com Ebenaceae e Pentaphylacaceae. A família compreende 58 gêneros com aproximadamente 1.250 espécies predominantemente pantropical, com alta diversidade em regiões tropicais e subtropicais da América do Sul e Ásia, encontradas especialmente em florestas úmidas (Swenson & Anderberg 2005), sendo facilmente reconhecida pela combinação do látex, com o arranjo e venação das folhas (Gentry 1993). Sapotaceae ocupa lugar de destaque na flora brasileira, com 202 espécies distribuídas em 12 gêneros, sendo que 101 espécies são endêmicas do país (Carneiro et al. 2015). Manilkara Adans. é considerado o quarto maior gênero de Sapotaceae, com 78 espécies pantropicais, sendo 30 nas Américas Central e do Sul, 35 na África e 13 no Sudeste da Ásia (Armstrong et al. 2010). No Neotrópico, ocorre na costa litorânea e na região amazônica do Brasil, além do Paraguai, Uruguai e Chile, sendo caracterizado pelo cálice em duas séries, presença de estaminódios e a forma do hilo (Pennington 1990). Segundo Andrade (1957), no Brasil o gênero apresenta maior representatividade em áreas de Restinga e Mata Atlântica. Almeida Jr. (2010) realizou estudos que esclareceram a distribuição geográfica do gênero e o estado de conservação das espécies para o Nordeste do Brasil, registrando 12 espécies que se diferenciam, principalmente, pela quantidade de flores, tamanho de pecíolo e pedicelo, filotaxia, variação da folha e do indumento. No Brasil, 16 espécies foram registradas, destas, 11 ocorrem em Mata Atlântica, e 8 na Amazônia (Flora do Brasil 2020). No Nordeste do Brasil, o gênero está distribuído ao longo do litoral da Floresta Atlântica (stricto sensu) e na Caatinga (Farias et al. 2004). Atualmente, o Nordeste é a região brasileira com maior número de espécies do gênero, com 13 espécies registradas (Flora do Brasil 2020). O nordeste do Brasil tem uma área de aproximadamente 1.542.248 km² (IBGE 1998), o bioma do semiárido ocupa cerca de 750.000 km2 deste território (Ab´Saber 1984). O semiárido ocupa 10% do território brasileiro e abriga uma população de cerca de 21 milhões de pessoas o que corresponde a 11% da população brasileira, e vem se tornado cada dia mais urbano (Ab´Saber 2003), e com isso, sua riqueza natural vem sofrendo com os fenômenos de antropização. O que demonstra uma importância em estudar as espécies que ocorrem nesta região, afim de avaliar o seu potencial de distribuição e status de conservação.

The objective of this paper was to assess the performance of the Adama-II Wind Farm in comparison to the feasibility study. Using 1-year mast data, the site potential was reassessed by WAsP software and the performance of wind turbine generators was assessed by 2 years of SCADA data. The obtained mean annual wind speed and power density were 7.75 m/s, and 462 W/m2 while in the feasibility study, 9.55 m/s, and 634.6 W/m2, which resulted in 18.8%, and 27.1% deviations respectively. The prevailing and secondary wind directions obtained were ENE and NE with 35.7% and 19.1% while, in the feasibility study, ENE with 36.5% and E with 17.3%. From the SCADA data, the Capacity factor, Annual Energy Production (AEP), and Availability of wind turbines were determined as 30.5%, 398 GWh, and 95.1%. The reasons for the deviation were difference in long-term correction data and weather conditions during study period.

Me? "I" am everywhere. The 'self' permeates contemporary culture. Through capitalist individualism and conservative politics, 'self' must be considered first above the needs of the group - "looking after no. 1". In therapeutic, religious and consumerist discourses of self-improvement, self-help or self-actualisation, 'self' is obscured; an entity which needs to be sought and found, changed or accommodated, an entity which one needs to become "in touch with". Within these permutations "self" carries the assumption of its own existence, as either a stable, unchanging entity or as a contextually sensitive and dynamic identity. We invited submissions on the broad subject of "self" and were overwhelmed by the range and ambition of responses tendered. As a result, the "Self" issue of M/C contains a Feature Article and three sub-sections: 1. Performances and the Public Self, 2. The Self and the Physical, and 3. Representing Selves, Consuming Selves. We are very pleased to have Michael Clyne as the feature writer for this issue. "Saving Us From Them -- The Discourse of Exclusion on Asylum Seekers" is a timely and relevant critique of the rhetoric currently being adopted by Australian political leaders and the media around asylum seekers. Clyne discusses the negative construction of asylum seekers through this public discourse, particularly focussing on various events such as the "children overboard" affair. The use of such terms as "queue jumpers" and "border protection" are examined to reveal an exclusionary and damaging discourse which both reflects and is enacted in public attitudes and ultimately political policy. The first of our sections, "Performance and the Public Self" investigates manifestations of self across film, television, theatre and writing. Sandy Carmago, in "'Mind the Gap': The Multi-Protagonist Film Genre, Soap Opera, and the Emotive Blockbuster" explores the self in American cinema, and more particularly, in "multi-protagonist" or "emotive blockbuster" films, using the example of Magnolia. Carmago argues that although these films represent very different selves to those in mainstream (single-protagonist) action blockbusters, principally via their use of multiple protagonists, ultimately "[t]he emotive blockbuster supports rather than critiques the view of the self as isolated, solipsistic, and focused on personal rather than social distress." "Performing the Self", by Deidre Heddon, surveys performances of self, focusing on performance artists. Counter to critical claims that such autobiographical performances are solipsistic, Heddon seeks to unveil why such criticisms are so commonly levelled at performances of self, using autobiographical criticism and questions of performativity to offer alternative readings. Heddon reveals the politics and complexities of self-performativity through an exploration of personas, multiple selves and self-parody. In "Modernity and the Self: Explorations of the (Non-) Self-determining Subject in South Korean TV Dramas", Angel Lin explores the cultural constructions of self/self-determining subject in popular South Korean television programmes. Lin argues that the programmes create spaces for the contestation of contemporary notions of self, particularly the conflicts between traditional culture and the influences of Western notions of self. "What is Real? Where Fact Ends and Fiction Begins in the Writing of Paul Theroux" is Andie Miller's examination of Paul Theroux's construction of truth and self within his travel writings, particularly Fresh-Air Fiend and My Secret History. Miller describes Theroux's ability to perplex his readers by mixing fact within fiction and fantasy with non-fiction, which then influences the manner in which he is described within reviews and comments on his own public self. The first section concludes with Mark Peterson's "Choosing the Wasteland: The Social Construction of Self as Viewer in the U.S.". In this piece, Peterson attempts to resolve the contradiction between the high level of television consumption in the U.S. and the criticism of television content in individual and public discourse. Peterson suggests that the term "veging out" and its associated discourse provides a window into this paradox by allowing American consumers to construct themselves as "sensible, choice-making persons" whilst also watching large amounts of television. The second section of articles, "The Self and the Physical" revisits the mind/body dichotomy which has perplexed philosophers for thousands of years. This section begins with Paula Gardner's "The Perpetually Sick Self: The Cultural Promotion and Self-Management of Mood Illness". In this article she investigates the cultural promotion of a 'script' that assumes sick moods are possible, encouraging the self-assessment of risk and self-management of dysfunctional mood. Gardner suggests that this form of self assessment has helped to create a new, adjustable subject. Continuing the theme of self health management, Nadine Henley, in her article "The Healthy vs the Empty Self: Protective vs Paradoxical Behaviour", looks at behaviours, such as smoking, and the effectiveness of health promotions based on models which falsely assume that people are motivated to protect themselves from harm. Henley uses Cushman's concept of the hungry, empty self to explain why some people are more susceptible to cravings than others. Kerry Kid brings us back to the self's sickness in "Called to Self-care, or to Efface Self? Self-interest and Self-splitting in the Diagnostic Experience of Depression". She examines one of the primary disorders of self, clinical depression. She suggests that depression is being seen more as a "a trivial, socially manageable adjunct to the human condition of being", resulting in this condition and its drug-focussed becoming normalised. Kid is interested in the dilemma of the mind/body divide and how that affects the self/diagnosis and treatment of depressive disorders. In Derek Wallace's " 'Self' and the Problem of Consciousness" the issue of the link between the physical and cerebral is again examined. Wallace succinctly links the writings of philosophers and neuroscientists on 'self', explicating the emerging view that self is "a biologically generated but illusory construction, an effect of the operation of what are called 'neural correlates of consciousness' ". Wallace supplements this view with a term he coins 'verbal correlates of consciousness' which takes into account much of the recent post-structuralist work on self. The third section of articles, "Representing Selves, Consuming Selves" traverses issues such as self-reflexivity, the socially constructed self, self-identification, consumption and photographic selves. Matt Adams, in "Ambiguity: The Reflexive Self & Alternatives" examines the attention given to reflexivity in recent theoretical accounts of contemporary selfhood, as an "increasingly central organising phenomenon in being a self." Focusing on Anthony Giddens in particular, Adams critically explores this interest in self-reflexivity. He argues that although such accounts reveal important aspects of modern self-identity, they neglect "many areas of experience relevant to the contemporary self - tradition, culture and concepts of fate, the unconscious and emotions". Adams suggests that selves are far more complex and "ambiguous" than Giddens and others suggest. Moving from contemporary selves to Victorian selves -- in "Portrait of the Self: Victorian Technologies of Identity Invention" Gabrielle Dean uses the 19th century daguerreotype to provide a captivating context for examining notions of self. Dean investigates how the photograph affects notions of self – particularly notions of authorship, objectivity, truthfulness and the public self. As Dean suggests, "[w]hat photography mummifies, distorts and murders, among other things, is the sense that the reality of the self resides in the body, the corporeal and temporal boundaries of personhood." The conception of death is irrevocably connected to questions of self. Back in the 21st century, Lelia Green begins her article "Who is Being Helped When We Help Our Self?" by revisiting the continuing dilemma of whether self-deception is possible. Green then examines the plethora of self help literature now available at most bookshops, which she links to the need to cater for "our sense of accelerating change". The final two articles in this section explore questions of self, identity and autonomy. Simone Pettigrew, in "Consumption and the Self-Concept", considers the notion of self via the self that is reflected in "consumption decisions". Pettigrew reviews the research on consumer behaviour that suggests consumer autonomy in consumption decisions. She argues that this research is "simplistic and fails to appreciate the extent to which culture influences individuals' perceptions of the desirability of different 'ways to be'; certain objects are required to communicate particular selves. In "Conflicting Concepts of Self and The Michigan Womyn's Music Festival" Ianto Ware uses the Michigan Womym's Music Festival as a context to explore the difficult socio-biological constructions of gendered selves. Ware explores the gender/identity politics inherent within notions of "collective selves" and assumptions of shared identity. In problematising the continuous creation of new social identities, Ware argues that new approaches are needed for addressing and communicating identities as fluid entities. What this collection of articles succeeds in doing is to demonstrate that the self is multitudinous and changing, along with the various stakeholders invested in these selves. Just as philosophers, social scientists, behavioural and medical scientists have been investigating the existence and significance of individual consciousness, self-perception, self-promotion and other notions of "the self" for centuries, the research included in this feature demonstrates the continuing need to do so. Citation reference for this article Substitute your date of access for Dn Month Year etc... MLA Style Douglas, Kate and Meakins, Felicity. "Editorial" M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 5.5 (2002). [your date of access] < http://www.media-culture.org.au/mc/0210/Editorial.html &gt. Chicago Style Douglas, Kate and Meakins, Felicity, "Editorial" M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 5, no. 5 (2002), < http://www.media-culture.org.au/mc/0210/Editorial.html &gt ([your date of access]). APA Style Douglas, Kate and Meakins, Felicity. (2002) Editorial. M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 5(5). < http://www.media-culture.org.au/mc/0210/Editorial.html &gt ([your date of access]).

In April 2008, Michaele Chappell completed her term as a member of the MTMS Editorial Panel. A special thanks goes to Trena Wilkerson, who so ably served as Chair for volume 13; both she and Michaele Chappell took on the responsibility for the April 2008 focus issue. The departments in MTMS have been especially well received by readers, for which much of the credit goes to specific department editors. The role of editor often involves more than editing the work that comes in from outside sources; in many instances, it involves recruiting writers or even writing the material. Credit goes to Andy Reeves and Mary Lou Beasley, coeditors of the popular “Cartoon Corner”; Denisse Thompson and Gwen Johnson, coeditors of “Mathematical Explorations,” a new department this volume year; and Hamp Sherard, editor of “Quick Takes.” David Rock and Mary Porter provided the monthly “Palette of Problems,” and Thomasenia Lott Adams and Joanne Snow researched topics for “Math Roots.” “The Thinking of Students” and “Solve It!” departments were handled by Edward Mooney; Lynda Wiest and Elizabeth Jakubowski worked with “Take Time for Action”; and Sherri Martinie completed another year with “Families Ask,” serving as coeditor with Grace Dávila Coates. All their contributions to the journal are deeply appreciated.

The study was conducted in Adami Tulu Jidokombolcha (ATJK), Bora, Dodola, Shala and Negele-Arsi districts with objective to assess main cattle feed resources, water sources and housing systems. A pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to conduct survey. About 240 respondents were identified using random sampling techniques. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software (Ver. 24). Study result indicates that household in average had three hectares of land and allocated about two hectares of land for crop cultivation. Most respondents reported that cattle herding is not common during dry season while it is common during wet season. Survey result indicate that natural pasture, weed and maize tiller and stored crop residues are main feed resources in wet season while crop after math, crop residue and fodder trees are main resources during dry season. Brackish, local mineral and common salt are mineral sources for cattle in study areas. Lake, river and boreholes are important water sources in dry season where as ponds and rivers are main water sources during wet season for their cattle. The observed cattle watering frequency is mainly once a day. Housing system practiced in the study areas is mainly Kraal. The information generated from this study on land size per household, cattle herding system, feed resources, mineral sources, water sources, water utilization and housing type can be used as a baseline for any livestock development programs in those and similar areas.

Atherosclerotic plaque destabilization is a dominating cause of acute cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. This study aims to identify genetic biomarkers related to atherosclerotic plaque destabilization using bioinformatics. Three transcriptome datasets of human carotid atherosclerotic plaque samples were downloaded from ArrayExpress and Gene Expression Omnibus databases, including E-MATB-2055, E-TABM-190, and GSE120521. With Robust Rank Aggregation analysis, we documented 46 differentially expressed genes between stable and unstable/ruptured plaques. Functional enrichment analysis using DAVID tool demonstrated that these genes were mainly related to biological functions such as extracellular matrix disassembly, collagen catabolic process, response to mechanical stimulus, and PPAR signaling pathway. A protein–protein interaction network for the differentially expressed genes was constructed, and eight pivotal genes ( ITGAM, MMP9, PLAUR, CCR1, CD163, CD36, ADAM8, and IL1RN) were obtained from the network with a connective degree > 5. The expression patterns of these hub differentially expressed genes could be verified in atherosclerotic plaque samples with intraplaque hemorrhage. Using gene set variation analysis, the eight genes were integrated to generate an atherosclerotic plaque destabilization score, which showed a high performance in not only discriminating individuals with myocardial infarction from those with stable coronary illness, but also in predicting future acute cardiovascular events in atherosclerotic patients. In conclusion, the findings of this study will enhance our knowledge on the pathological mechanisms involved in atherosclerotic plaque destabilization, and provide potential gene biomarkers for risk stratification of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

IntroductionFilmed during a 1955 family trip from Perth to the Gulf of Carpentaria, Keith Adams’s Northern Safari showed to packed houses across Australia, and in some overseas locations, across three decades. Essentially a home movie, initially accompanied by live commentary and subsequently by a homemade sound track, it tapped into audiences’ sense of Australia’s north as a place of adventure. In the film Adams interacts with the animals of northern Australia (often by killing them), and while by 1971 the violence apparent in the film was attracting criticism in letters to newspapers, the film remained popular through to the mid-1980s, and was later shown on television in Australia and the United States (Cowan 2; Adams, Crocodile Safari Man 261). A DVD is at present available for purchase from the website of the same name (Northern Safari). Adams and his supporters credited the film’s success to the rugged and adventurous landscape of northern Australia (Northeast vii), characterised by dangerous animals, including venomous spiders, sharks and crocodiles (see Adams, “Aussie”; “Crocodile”). The notion of Australia’s north as a place of rugged adventure was not born with Adams’s film, and that film was certainly not the last production to exploit the region and its wildlife as a source of excitement. Rather, Northern Safari belongs to a long list of adventure narratives whose hunting exploits have helped define the north of Australian as a distinct region and contrast it with the temperate south where most Australians make their lives.This article explores the connection between adventure in Australia’s north and the large animals of the region. Adams’s film capitalised on popular interest in natural history, but his film is only one link in a chain of representations of the Australian north as a place of dangerous and charismatic megafauna. While over time interest shifted from being largely concentrated on the presence of buffalo in the Northern Territory to a fascination with the saltwater crocodiles found more widely in northern Australia that interest in dangerous prey animals is significant to Australia’s northern imaginary.The Northern Safari before AdamsNorthern Australia gained a reputation for rugged, masculine adventure long before the arrival there of Adams and his cameras. That reputation was closely associated with the animals of the north, and it is generally the dangerous species that have inspired popular accounts of the region. Linda Thompson has recognised that before the release of the film Crocodile Dundee in 1986 crocodiles “received significant and sensational (although sporadic) media attention across Australia—attention that created associations of danger, mystery, and abnormality” (118). While Thompson went on to argue that in the wake of Crocodile Dundee the saltwater crocodile became a widely recognised symbol of Australia (for both Australians and non-Australians) it is perhaps more pertinent to consider the place of animals in creating a notion of the Australian north.Adams’s extended and international success (he showed his film profitably in the United States, Canada, England, Germany, South Africa, Rhodesia, and New Zealand as well as throughout Australia) suggests that the landscape and wildlife of northern Australia holds a fascination for a wide audience (Adams, Crocodile Safari Man 169-261). Certainly northern Australia, and its wild beasts, had established a reputation for adventure earlier, particularly in the periods following the world wars. Perhaps crocodiles were not the most significant of the north’s charismatic megafauna in the first half of the twentieth century, but their presence was a source of excitement well before the 1980s, and they were not the only animals in the north to attract attention: the Northern Territory’s buffalo had long acted as a drawcard for adventure seekers.Carl Warburton’s popular book Buffaloes was typical in linking Australians’ experiences of war with the Australian north and the pursuit of adventure, generally in the form of dangerous big game. War and hunting have long been linked as both are expressions of masculine valour in physically dangerous circumstances (Brennan “Imperial” 44-46). That link is made very clear in Warbuton’s account when he begins it on the beach at Gallipoli as he and his comrades discuss their plans for the future. After Warburton announces his determination not to return from war to work in a bank, he and a friend determine that they will go to either Brazil or the Northern Territory to seek adventure (2). Back in Sydney, a coin flip determines their “compass was set for the unknown north” (5).As the title of his book suggests, the game pursued by Warburton and his mate were buffaloes, as buffalo hides were fetching high prices when he set out for the north. In his writing Warburton was keen to establish his reputation as an adventurer and his descriptions of the dangers of buffalo hunting used the animals to establish the adventurous credentials of northern Australia. Warburton noted of the buffalo that: “Alone of all wild animals he will attack unprovoked, and in single combat is more than a match for a tiger. It is the pleasant pastime of some Indian princes to stage such combats for the entertainment of their guests” (62-63). Thereby, he linked Arnhem Land to India, a place that had long held a reputation as a site of adventurous hunting for the rulers of the British Empire (Brennan “Africa” 399). Later Warburton reinforced those credentials by noting: “there is no more dangerous animal in the world than a wounded buffalo bull” (126). While buffalo might have provided the headline act, crocodiles also featured in the interwar northern imaginary. Warburton recorded: “I had always determined to have a crack at the crocodiles for the sport of it.” He duly set about sating this desire (222-3).Buffalo had been hunted commercially in the Northern Territory since 1886 and Warburton was not the first to publicise the adventurous hunting available in northern Australia (Clinch 21-23). He had been drawn north after reading “of the exploits of two crack buffalo shooters, Fred Smith and Paddy Cahill” (Warburton 6). Such accounts of buffalo, and also of crocodiles, were common newspaper fodder in the first half of the twentieth century. Even earlier, explorers’ accounts had drawn attention to the animal excitement of northern Australia. For example, John Lort Stokes had noted ‘alligators’ as one of the many interesting animals inhabiting the region (418). Thus, from the nineteenth century Australia’s north had popularly linked together remoteness, adventure, and large animals; it was unsurprising that Warburton in turn acted as inspiration to later adventure-hunters in northern Australia. In 1954 he was mentioned in a newspaper story about two English migrants who had come to Australia to shoot crocodiles on Cape York with “their ambitions fed by the books of men such as Ion Idriess, Carl Warburton, Frank Clune and others” (Gay 15).The Development of Northern ‘Adventure’ TourismNot all who sought adventure in northern Australia were as independent as Adams. Cynthia Nolan’s account of travel through outback Australia in the late 1940s noted the increasing tourist infrastructure available, particularly in her account of Alice Springs (27-28, 45). She also recorded the significance of big game in the lure of the north. At the start of her journey she met a man seeking his fortune crocodile shooting (16), later encountered buffalo shooters (82), and recorded the locals’ hilarity while recounting a visit by a city-based big game hunter who arrived with an elephant gun. According to her informants: “No, he didn’t shoot any buffaloes, but he had his picture taken posing behind every animal that dropped. He’d arrange himself in a crouch, gun at the ready, and take self-exposure shots of himself and trophy” (85-86). Earlier, organised tours of the Northern Territory included buffalo shooter camps in their itineraries (when access was available), making clear the continuing significance of dangerous game to the northern imaginary (Cole, Hell 207). Even as Adams was pursuing his independent path north, tourist infrastructure was bringing the northern Australian safari experience within reach for those with little experience but sufficient funds to secure the provision of equipment, vehicles and expert advice. The Australian Crocodile Shooters’ Club, founded in 1950, predated Northern Safari, but it tapped into the same interest in the potential of northern Australia to offer adventure. It clearly associated that adventure with big game hunting and the club’s success depended on its marketing of the adventurous north to Australia’s urban population (Brennan “Africa” 403-06). Similarly, the safari camps which developed in the Northern Territory, starting with Nourlangie in 1959, promoted the adventure available in Australia’s north to those who sought to visit without necessarily roughing it. The degree of luxury that was on offer initially is questionable, but the notion of Australia’s north as a big game hunting destination supported the development of an Australian safari industry (Berzins 177-80, Brennan “Africa” 407-09). Safari entrepreneur Allan Stewart has eagerly testified to the broad appeal of the safari experience in 1960s Australia, claiming his clientele included accountants, barristers, barmaids, brokers, bankers, salesmen, journalists, actors, students, nursing sisters, doctors, clergymen, soldiers, pilots, yachtsmen, racing drivers, company directors, housewives, precocious children, air hostesses, policemen and jockeys (18).Later Additions to the Imaginary of the Northern SafariAdams’s film was made in 1955, and its subject of adventurous travel and hunting in northern Australia was taken up by a number of books during the 1960s as publishers kept the link between large game and the adventurous north alive. New Zealand author Barry Crump contributed a fictionalised account of his time hunting crocodiles in northern Australia in Gulf, first published in 1964. Crump displayed his trademark humour throughout his book, and made a running joke of the ‘best professional crocodile-shooters’ that he encountered in pubs throughout northern Australia (28-29). Certainly, the possibility of adventure and the chance to make a living as a professional hunter lured men to the north. Among those who came was Australian journalist Keith Willey who in 1966 published an account of his time crocodile hunting. Willey promoted the north as a site of adventure and rugged masculinity. On the very first page of his book he established his credentials by advising that “Hunting crocodiles is a hard trade; hard, dirty and dangerous; but mostly hard” (1). Although Willey’s book reveals that he did not make his fortune crocodile hunting he evidently revelled in its adventurous mystique and his book was sufficiently successful to be republished by Rigby in 1977. The association between the Australian north, the hunting of large animals, and adventure continued to thrive.These 1960s crocodile publications represent a period when crocodile hunting replaced buffalo hunting as a commercial enterprise in northern Australia. In the immediate post-war period crocodile skins increased in value as traditional sources became unreliable, and interest in professional hunting increased. As had been the case with Warburton, the north promised adventure to men unwilling to return to domesticity after their experiences of war (Brennan, “Crocodile” 1). This part of the northern imaginary was directly discussed by another crocodile hunting author. Gunther Bahnemann spent some time crocodile hunting in Australia before moving his operation north to poach crocodiles in Dutch New Guinea. Bahnemann had participated in the Second World War and in his book he was clear about his unwillingness to settle for a humdrum life, instead choosing crocodile hunting for his profession. As he described it: “We risked our lives to make quick money, but not easy money; yet I believe that the allure of adventure was the main motive of our expedition. It seems so now, when I think back to it” (8).In the tradition of Adams, Malcolm Douglas released his documentary film Across the Top in 1968, which was subsequently serialised for television. From around this time, television was becoming an increasingly popular medium and means of reinforcing the connection between the Australian outback and adventure. The animals of northern Australia played a role in setting the region apart from the rest of the continent. The 1970s and 1980s saw a boom in programs that presented the outback, including the north, as a source of interest and national pride. In this period Harry Butler presented In the Wild, while the Leyland brothers (Mike and Mal) created their iconic and highly popular Ask the Leyland Brothers (and similar productions) which ran to over 150 episodes between 1976 and 1980. In the cinema, Alby Mangels’s series of World Safari movies included Australia in his wide-ranging adventures. While these documentaries of outback Australia traded on the same sense of adventure and fascination with Australia’s wildlife that had promoted Northern Safari, the element of big game hunting was muted.That link was reforged in the 1980s and 1990s. Crocodile Dundee was an extremely successful movie and it again placed interactions with charismatic megafauna at the heart of the northern Australian experience (Thompson 124). The success of the film reinvigorated depictions of northern Australia as a place to encounter dangerous beasts. Capitalising on the film’s success Crump’s book was republished as Crocodile Country in 1990, and Tom Cole’s memoirs of his time in northern Australia, including his work buffalo shooting and crocodile hunting, were first published in 1986, 1988, and 1992 (and reprinted multiple times). However, Steve Irwin is probably the best known of northern Australia’s ‘crocodile hunters’, despite his Australia Zoo lying outside the crocodile’s natural range, and despite being a conservationist opposed to killing crocodiles. Irwin’s chosen moniker is ironic, given his often-stated love for the species and his commitment to preserving crocodile lives through relocating (when necessary, to captivity) rather than killing problem animals. He first appeared on Australian television in 1996, and continued to appear regularly until his death in 2006.Tourism Australia used both Hogan and Irwin for promotional purposes. While Thompson argues that at this time the significance of the crocodile was broadened to encompass Australia more generally, the examples of crocodile marketing that she lists relate to the Northern Territory, with a brief mention of Far North Queensland and the crocodile remained a signifier of northern adventure (Thompson 125-27). The depiction of Irwin as a ‘crocodile hunter’ despite his commitment to saving crocodile lives marked a larger shift that had already begun within the safari. While the title ‘safari’ retained its popularity in the late twentieth century it had come to be applied generally to organised adventurous travel with a view to seeing and capturing images of animals, rather than exclusively identifying hunting expeditions.ConclusionThe extraordinary success of Adams’s film was based on a widespread understanding of northern Australia as a type of adventure playground, populated by fascinating dangerous beasts. That imaginary was exploited but not created by Adams. It had been in existence since the nineteenth century, was particularly evident during the buffalo and crocodile hunting bubbles after the world wars, and boomed again with the popularity of the fictional Mick Dundee and the real Steve Irwin, for both of whom interacting with the charismatic megafauna of the north was central to their characters. The excitement surrounding large game still influences visions of northern Australia. At present there is no particularly striking northern bushman media personage, but the large animals of the north still regularly provoke discussion. The north’s safari camps continue to do business, trading on the availability of large game (particularly buffalo, banteng, pigs, and samba) and northern Australia’s crocodiles have established themselves as a significant source of interest among international big game hunters. Australia’s politicians regularly debate the possibility of legalising a limited crocodile safari in Australia, based on the culling of problem animals, and that debate highlights a continuing sense of Australia’s north as a place apart from the more settled, civilised south of the continent.ReferencesAdams, Keith. ’Aussie Bites.’ Australian Screen 2017. <https://aso.gov.au/titles/documentaries/northern-safari/clip2/>.———. ‘Crocodile Hunting.’ Australian Screen 2017. <https://aso.gov.au/titles/documentaries/northern-safari/clip3/>.———. Crocodile Safari Man: My Tasmanian Childhood in the Great Depression & 50 Years of Desert Safari to the Gulf of Carpentaria 1949-1999. Rockhampton: Central Queensland University Press, 2000.Bahnemann, Gunther. New Guinea Crocodile Poacher. 2nd ed. London: The Adventurers Club, 1965.Berzins, Baiba. Australia’s Northern Secret: Tourism in the Northern Territory, 1920s to 1980s. Sydney: Baiba Berzins, 2007.Brennan, Claire. 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