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Pettem, Michael. "Matthew : Jewish Christian or gentile Christian?" Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74296.
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This dissertation addresses the problem of whether the Gospel of Matthew reflects a Jewish Christian or gentile Christian stance within the early church. A study of the principal theories of the evolution of the early church provides the background against which the terms "Jewish Christian" and "gentile Christian" may be understood. The dissertation examines the bases on which Matthew has been classified as either Jewish Christian or gentile Christian. This previous work on Matthew is found to be unsatisfactory because of the lack of adequate criteria for classifying Matthew. A study of Acts and the letters of Paul reveals that the practice or rejection of Jewish dietary purity was a cause of division in the early church, and thus constitutes a suitable criterion for distinguishing between Jewish and gentile Christianity. Examination of Mt 15:1-20 shows that Matthew does not accept Jewish dietary purity as a part of God's will. Matthew thus reflects a gentile Christian position.
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Wilson, Alistair I. "Matthew's portrait of Jesus the judge, with special reference to Matthew 21-25." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602032.
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This thesis sets out to examine a section of the canonical text of the gospel of Matthew (Matthew 21-25) with a view to its contribution to the search for knowledge of Jesus as an historical figure. Methodologically, then, this thesis respects the literary coherence of the final form of the gospel of Matthew, but raises the question of its significance for an understanding of the historical Jesus. In an attempt to offer a fresh analysis of the material, the thesis takes up the use of the models of 'prophet' and 'sage' in contemporary scholarship, and investigates the theme of judgement in selected portions of the canonical and non-canonical Jewish literature associated with the prophets and the sages at the time of Jesus. It emerges that Jesus' proclamation of judgement reflects previous canonical themes found in both prophetic and Wisdom literature. Such deep dependence upon Jewish prophetic and Wisdom literature does not inevitably result in either Schweitzer's prophet of the imminent end or the 'non-eschatological sage' of Borg and others. Matthew portrays Jesus as prophet by means of his accounts of Jesus' prophetic acts, his declaration of impending national catastrophe and his warning of eschatological judgement. Matthew portrays Jesus as sage by means of his emphasis on the provocative aphoristic and narrative meshalim which Jesus employs to expose the errors of the Jewish religious leaders and to declare judgement upon them. He also highlights Jesus' emphasis, typical of Wisdom literature, on the judgement of God upon injustice, while not hesitating to indicate the eschatological element in Jesus' Wisdom sayings. Of particular significance in the ongoing discussion over Jesus' eschatological expectations, which are clearly of great significance for his teaching and actions relating to judgement, is the nature of 'apocalyptic' language. This thesis therefore discusses the biblical language at the centre of this debate in the light of its location in Matthew's text and considering the most likely background to his thinking. We conclude that many scholars have driven too great a wedge between what is 'apocalyptic' and what is 'prophetic', and propose that 'apocalyptic' texts in Matthew are best interpreted with the canonical prophetic literature as the most significant backdrop. We submit that when this material is read in its canonical background, its significance becomes clear so that it is no longer necessary to regard it as predictive of the parousia but rather symbolic of a great vindication of Jesus. In particular, when these sayings are interpreted in their context in Matthew's gospel, according to the approach to 'apocalyptic' language argued for in the thesis, they may be understood as natural and appropriate sayings of Jesus. That is, by means of recognising their coherence with the narrative in which they are set when interpreted in a manner in keeping with their most likely literary background, these sayings may be said to have a substantial claim to being authentic portions of the teaching of the historical Jesus. The thesis concludes that Matthew presents Jesus as one who embodies the prophet and the teacher of Wisdom, and who goes beyond these figures in important ways as he takes to himself the role of judgement in a way that is highly distinctive among the religious figures of his day.
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Keshavjee, Nashira. "Matthew Arnold's five long poems : a dialectical reading." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56918.
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Matthew Arnold's five long poems were published between 1852 and 1867. In these poems (Empedocles on Etna, Tristram and Iseult, Sohrab and Rustum, Balder Dead and Merope) Arnold tries to analyze a number of themes, like nature, moral values, poetics, and the place of authority in society. His analysis is dialectical, and one notices great distress and an inability to resolve these issues. This thesis examines Arnold's confusion, as well as his eventual calm acceptance of life in all its contradictions. It concludes subsequently that Arnold has a genuine desire to find personal dialectical syntheses where possible.
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Okazaki, Matthew R. "Friction Bit Joining of Similar Alloy Sheets of High-Strength Aluminum Alloy 7085." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6866.
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Friction Bit Joining (FBJ) is a new technology used primarily in joining dissimilar metals. Its primary use has been focused in the automotive industry to provide an alternative joining process to welding. As automotive manufacturing has continually pushed toward using dissimilar materials, new joining processes have been needed to replace traditional welding practices that do not perform well when materials are not weld compatible. FBJ meets these needs perfectly as it provides strength as well as the ability to join materials of almost any kind.The purpose of this research was to explore different applications of the FBJ process. Traditionally FBJ has used a steel bit to drill through a thin piece of aluminum and weld to a piece of steel behind the aluminum. This research explored a different application of FBJ by using a steel bit to drill through multiple pieces of aluminum and weld to a small steel bit on the backside of the aluminum. The primary goal of this research was to answer two questions. (1) How does drilling impact peak weld strength and (2) Does an optimal shank diameter exist in terms of peak weld strength? As in other research, no universal parameters were found for optimization of lap shear, cross tension and t-peel tests. Drilling was found to be an important factor in peak weld strength. Number of flutes on the consumable steel bit was varied to see the impact of better and worse chip clearance ability. Increasing number of flutes was found to positively impact peak weld strength to a point. Optimal number of flutes was found to be different for each type of testing. It was found that there was an optimal bit head to bit shank diameter ratio that optimized peak weld strength. Again the optimal diameter was different for each test. Bits of different diameters were created and then tested to measure the impact of varying shank diameters on peak weld strength. It was found that there was a strength tradeoff between two localized joint areas in diameter testing. Decreasing the shank diameter increased the amount of overlap formed by the bit head over the top coupon. This shifted strength to the bit head region. While this strengthened the bit head region of the joint, strength was sacrificed in the bit-nut intersection. This tradeoff was consistently found in all test types.
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Huska, Matthew R. [Verfasser]. "Using Machine Learning to Predict and Better Understand DNA Methylation and Genomic Enhancers / Matthew R. Huska." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1153007991/34.
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Kennedy, R. Joel. "The recapitulation of Israel : use of Israel's history in Matthew 1:1-4:11." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU494155.
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The argument of this thesis is that Israel’s history is utilised within Matthew’s christology, serving a key role in the story of Jesus as narrated by Matthew. The term most apt in describing the utilisation of Israel’s history in Matthew is recapitulation. In the first chapter, it is argued that the genealogy (1:1-17) recapitulates Israel’s history in a narratological and teleological manner to focus upon Jesus Christ as the fulfilment of Israel’s history. In the second chapter, it is argued that in Matthew 2:1-23 Jesus passively recapitulates Israel’s history, reliving primarily the exodus experience of Israel. In the third chapter, it is argued that in Matthew 3:1-4:11, Jesus actively recapitulates Israel’s history as the representative embodiment of Israel. Every possible interpretive aspect is utilised to ascertain the use of Israel’s history in Matthew. This requires an eclectic combination of critical approaches, retaining the strengths and overcoming the weaknesses within each. Methodologically this includes, a textually focused approach, observing literary components, utilising historical and comparative parallels and environment, and a theological orientation that recognizes the Evangelist’s principal focus is Christological. Discovering and describing the recapitulation of Israel in Matthew 1:1-4:11 is the cohesive and distinctive viewpoint throughout this thesis. The christology of Matthew and the use of the Old Testament in Matthew are essential ingredients toward unfolding the use of recapitulation in Matthew.
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Hingle, Norwood Noel. "Jesus, a divine agent : three Christological comparisons between the Gospels of Matthew and John." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1995. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU538924.
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The distinction is often made or assumed in New Testament studies that while Jesus is God in John, he is human in the synoptics. To a large degree, the primary thrust of the present dissertation is to call such a view into question, particularly with regard to the Gospels of Matthew and John. The proposal in the present dissertation is that Matthew and John are christologically comparable in three ways. First, they both present Jesus as closely resembling God's great agents from the Jewish literature by the first century AD: Wisdom, Moses and exalted angel-like figures. These great agents were indeed exalted figures of ancient times. Nevertheless, they were not understood by Judaism in the main as divine agents, i.e., independent beings with a divine nature. Second, both gospels portray Jesus as having a divine nature. This is seen through Jesus being the person Wisdom; having the ultimate authority which surpasses the Law; and being identified as 'I Am' and [Special characters omitted]. Third, the first and second comparisons are inter-locked contextually or thematically, with the result that Jesus is portrayed as a divine agent. In conclusion, the presentation of Jesus in Matthew and John is substantially the same with regard to these three comparisons. Both gospels reveal Jesus to be a divine agent. What John reveals explicitly, Matthew does more implicitly.
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Holmes, Matthew R. "Integration of Micropore and Nanopore Features with Optofluidic Waveguides for Single Particle Sensing." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3037.
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This dissertation outlines the research and development of ground-breaking nanometer sized openings (nanopores) integrated with an on-chip optofluidic platform. This platform represents a significant advancement for single nanoparticle sensing. In this work specifically, the integrated optofluidic platform has been used to electrically and optically filter and detect single nanoparticles using ionic current blockade and fluorescence experiments. The correlation of electrical and optical signal has provided the highest sensitivity single nanoparticle measurements ever taken with integrated optofluidic platforms. The particular optofluidic platform used for this work is an antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW). ARROW hollow and solid core waveguides are interference based waveguides that are designed to guide light in low index media such as liquids and gases. Because of this unique guiding property, ARROW hollow cores can be used to sense and analyze low concentrations of single particles. Additionally, because ARROW platforms are based upon standard silicon processing techniques and materials, they are miniature sized (~1 cm2), inexpensive, highly parallelizable, provide a high degree of design flexibility, and can be integrated with many different optical and electrical components and sources. Finally, because of the miniature, integrated nature of the ARROW platform, it has the potential to be incorporated into hand held devices that could provide quick, inexpensive, user-friendly diagnostics. The ARROW platform has been through many revisions in the past several years in an attempt to improve performance and functionality. Specifically, advanced fabrication techniques that have been used to decrease the production time, increase the yield, and improve the optical quality of ARROW platforms are discussed in the first part of this work. These advancements were all developed in order to facilitate the production of high quality integrated nanopores and ARROW platforms. The second part of this work then focuses on the actual integration of micrometer sized openings (micropores) and nanopores in the hollow waveguide section of ARROW platforms for filtering, detecting, and analyzing single nanoparticles. The successes and attempts at achieving these results are the basis of this dissertation of work.
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Roy, Penny. "Does the type of care matter? : a study of the effect of early substitute care." Thesis, City University London, 2004. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8438/.
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'Looked after' children have high rates of emotional/behavioural disturbance, but it remains uncertain whether this derives from genetic risk, adverse experiences before reception into care, or from risks associated with substitute care experiences. Methods: The study was a 'natural experiment' comparing two different patterns of rearing after breakdown in early parenting, using teacher and parent questionnaires, interviews, systematic observations and standardised cognitive testing. 19 primary school children raised in institutional care from before the age of 1 year were compared with 19 children, matched for age and gender and comparable in biological background, who had experienced uninterrupted family foster care from that age. Both groups were compared with classroom controls. Results: The combined group of 'looked after' children differed from their classroom controls in showing a high level of inattention/overactivity. The teacher questionnaire and observational measures showed, however, that the increased rate was substantially higher in the institutional group than the family foster group. This difference was not explained by cognitive deficits. Also, the heightened level of inattention/overactivity was associated with a marked lack of selectivity in social relationships. This profile was found only in the institutional group, characterising about a third of them, all boys. At school, this elevated level of inattention was a specific response to cognitively demanding tasks, and partially accounted for the lower reading attainment of the institutional group compared with the family foster care group, whereas variation in IQ accounted for the lower reading scores of the family foster care group compared with their matched classroom controls. Out of school, the children in institutional care were rated by carers as having more emotional and unsociable difficulties; help with homework was associated with higher reading attainment in the family foster care group only. Conclusions: Against a background of genetic and early environmental risk, the type of care does matter. Institutional rearing was associated with a pattern of inattention/overactivity that for a significant minority included a marked lack of selectivity in social relationships. Further institutional upbringing was related to poorer reading attainment both directly and indirectly through this heightened inattention. Possible reasons, and implications for social policy and future research, are discussed.
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Girt, Erol. "Elemental site substitutions in R-Fe compounds." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/NQ44441.pdf.
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Fukuhara, Taeko Yonamine. "Estudo do Ferro, Ferri e Sperimagnetismo em Bicamadas e Filmes Amorfos de R-Co (R = Y, Gd, Tb)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43133/tde-02122013-154112/.
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Neste trabalho, apresentamos o estudo magnético e magneto-óptico de filmes de R-Co e bicamada Y-Co/R-Co, R=Gd, Tb. Nesses filmes, três tipos de magnetismo são observados: ferromagnetismo (Y-CO), ferrimagnetismo (GdCo), e sperimagnetismo (Tb-Co). As amostras foram depositadas por DC magnetron sputtering sobre substrato de vidro e protegidas da oxidação por camadas de 30nm de espessura de Sl IND.3 N IND.4. A caracterização magnética das amostras foi feita com a utilização dos magnetômetros SQUID, MAVe MEK-bt. Uma grande parede de domínios, localizada na interface da bicamada amorfa YCo IND.2/GdCo IND.2 é formada durante uma transição ferri-ferromagnética macroscópica. O modelo para analisar a parede de domínios é baseado nas energias Zeeman, anisotropia e troca. Como resultado, nós obtivemos três equações interdependentes, relacionando a espessura da parede de domínios , a posição relativa da parede e a constante de troca A, para os pares atômicos Co-Co. Nesta tese, apresentamos a dependência térmica de , e A. O modelo foi aperfeiçoado para levar em conta a forma não usual da parede de domínios presente na interface da bicamada. A parede de domínios ocupa ~64% do volume da bicamada e está localizada, em sua maior parte (~60%),na camada Y-Co. A constante de troca A apresentou um decréscimo monotônico, com os valores variando de ~3.1xl0 POT.-7 erg/cm a 25K para ~2.0xl0 POT.-7 erg/cm à temperatura ambiente. O Gd foi substituído por Tb e o estudo da parede de domínios na bicamada amorfa YCo2/TbCo2 , é apresentado. A principal diferença entre os filmes de Gd-Co e de Th-Co é o tipo de magnetismo que eles apresentam: o primeiro é ferrimagnético e o segundo é sperimagnético. Como consequência, o filme de Tb-Co apresenta um campo de anisotropia multo maior que o filme de Gd-Co, à temperatura ambiente. O efeito da alta anisotropia sobre a bicamada é uma parede de domínios quase que totalmente localizada na camada Y-Co. Este comportamento foi usado para determinar a dependência de com o campo magnético aplicado, e o valor da constante de troca A para as diferentes temperaturas. O valor de A variou de 1.8xl0 POT.-7 erg/cm a 150K para 1.4xl0 POT.-7 erg/cm a 300K e, para todas as temperaturas, decresceu de ~100nm, no campo de transição (Ht), para ~20nm para lkOe. Para aumentar o entendimento sobre as bicamadas à base de Gd e Tb, a dependência térmica da magnetização de saturação de filmes de R-Co (R=Gd, Tb) foi simulada com a teoria de campo médio. Nós fizemos também o estudo introdutório de filmes ternários. As caracterizações magnética e magneto-óptica dos filmes de R-FeCo (R=Gd, Tb) , e da bicamada de Gd-FeCo/Tb-FeCo revelaram anisotropia planar e perpendicular nos filmes à base de Gd e Tb, respetivamente.In this work we present the magnetic and magneto-optical study of thin films of R-Co and Y-Co/R-Co bilayer, R=Gd, Tb. Three different kínds of magnetism are found in these films: ferromagnetism (Y-Co), ferrimagnetism (Gd-Co) and sperímagnetísm (Tb-Co). The samples were deposíted by DC magnetron sputteríng on glass substrate, and were protected from oxídatíon by 30nm thick Sí3N4, layers. Magnetic characterization of the samples was done using SQUlD, VSM and transverse magneto-optícal Kerr effect (TMOKE) magnetometers. A large doma in wall (DW), localízed at the YCo2/ Gd Co2, amorphous bilayer interface, is formed duríng a macrosropic ferri-ferromagnetíc transitíon. A model to analyze the DW ís based on Zeeman, anísotropy and exchange energies. As a result, we obtained three interdependent equations, relatíng the DW thickness , the relative position of the wall , and the exchange constant A. In this PhD thesis we present the temperature dependence of , and A. The model was ímproved to account for the unusual DW present at the bílayer interface. About 60% of the DW was inside the Y-CO layer, and the DW was found to be quite large, occupying ~64% of the volume of the bilayer. The exchange constant A presents a monotonically decreasing value, ranging from ~3.1 xl0-7 erg/cm at 25K to ~2.0 Xl0-7 erg/cm at room temperature. Gd was replaced by Tb and a study of the DW in amorphous YCo2/TbCo2, bilayer is presented. The main difference between Gd-Co and Tb-Co films is the kind of magnetism they present, the first is ferrimagnetic and the second is sperimagnetíc. As a consequence, the Tb based film shows a much higher anisotropy field than the Gd-Co film, at room temperature. The high Tb-Co anisotropy effect on the bílayer is a DW almost totally localized in the Y-Co layer. This behavior was used to determine the dependence on the magnetic field and the exchange constant A for different temperatures. A ranged from 1.8xl0-7 erg/cm at 150K to 1.4xl0-7 erg/cm at 300K and, for all temperatures, decreases from ~l00nm, at the transition field (Ht), to ~20nm at lkOe. In order to increase the understanding of the Gd and Tb based bilayers, the temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization of R-Co (R=Gd,Tb) films was simulated by the mean field theory. The values of exchange integrais JR-Co between R and Co atoms are in agreement to the literature. We also studied some ternary tilms, but in less detail. The magnetic and magneto-optical characterization of R-FeCo (R=Gd, Tb) films and GdFeCo/Tb-FeCo bilayer revealed an in-plane and perpendicular anisotropy in Gd and in Tb based fiims, respectively.
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Dlamini, Simthembile. "Evolution of matter density perturbations in viable f (R) theories of gravity." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31500.
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In the ΛCDM model, the late-time accelerated expansion of the Universe is explained via a dark energy fluid in the form of a cosmological constant. Such a cosmological constant dominates the energy budget of the Universe today, and yet, it is still a poorly understood species because it is not observed yet. A competitive theoretical approach to understand this is via the so-called f (R) extended theories of gravity, which explain the late acceleration epoch of the Universe resorting to a geometrical modification of the field equations. We illustrate how f (R) theories are constructed and how both the analysis of the cosmological expansion and the growth of matter density perturbations in these theories may differ from the standard Einsteinian results. We study the evolution of matter density perturbations in a viable f (R) model (Hu-Sawicki model) and explain why the Hu-Sawicki model is indeed a viable alternative to ΛCDM by discussing the Dynamical System approach as a method used to obtain the cosmological background solutions. A complete comparison of density perturbations in both the ΛCDM model and Hu-Sawicki model is presented.
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McCuistion, Paul Raymond. "Covenant, Christology, and kingdom as context in Matthew's use of Plēróō / Paul R. McCuistion." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9175.
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Matthew’s Jewish audience was looking for continuity in the newly revealed kingdom.Thus, Matthew needed to connect faith in Jesus to the covenant ideal that was the foundation of their heritage. However, the Matthean community was blended to include formative, common, and Hellenized Jews along with non-Jewish believers. Within this context, Matthew used the concept of plēróō to connect this varied audience to the Jewish heritage. An examination of Matthew’s use of plēróō determines that it reveals the Christological characteristics that endorse Jesus’ divine initiative of proclaiming the coming reign of heaven within the hermeneutics of covenant.
After the introduction to the aim, objectives, and methodology, chapter two evaluated the cultural influences on the form and structure of Matthew’s Gospel, demonstrating how this may have motivated his use of plēróō to support the Jewish heritage of covenant, Christology, and kingdom. This study contends that the concept and historical background of Greek drama is the most suitable structure for Matthew to relate the story of Jesus. The Matthean community would be familiar with this literary form and its capacity to depict the drama of Jesus’ life. Chapter three sets the story of Jesus in the dramatic context of his contemporary, Jewish culture. The drama builds on conflict, with many characters taking part in the story. The most prominent is the conflict between Jesus and the Pharisees that demonstrates Matthew’s intent that Jesus is the only logical choice to satisfy (fulfil) the requirements of righteousness, law, and prophecy.
Prior to the investigation of the plēróō statements, chapter four examines the foundation of the cultic background for the Matthean milieu through the study of the prophets to whom Matthew referred in his plēróō statements. The final chapter is an exegesis of the plēróō statements, dividing them into contextual and prophetic perspectives. The former are statements regarding righteousness and law (Matthew 3:15 and 5:17-20, respectively) in which Matthew speaks to Jesus’ ontological essence set in the events of his baptism and the Sermon on the Mount. The latter reveals the key prophetic fulfilment passages (2:17, 8:17, 12:17, 13:35, 21:14), supporting the Matthean them of Jesus, son of David, son of Abraham.
This study concludes that Matthew structured his Gospel like a Greek drama in order to attract both Jew and Gentile to Jesus, who is God’s anointed for both groups. Matthew uses the plēróō statements to confirm Jesus’ ontological nature, which was important to his Hellenized audience, and to confirm Jesus as the fulfilment of the Jewish (messianic) hope of Israel. This bonded both elements of the Matthean community to the nature and purpose of Jesus.Thesis (PhD (New Testament))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Mayot, Hervé. "Contribution à l'étude cristallographique et magnétique de composés intermétalliques R–Co–B et R–Fe–B (R ≡ élément de terres rares)." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00399675.
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Nous nous sommes attaché à étudier les liens entre propriétés cristallographiques et magnétiques de phases intermétalliques R M-B où R est un élément de terres rares, l'yttrium ou le thorium et M un métal de transition 3d. La présence de bore dans l'environnement atomique des sites de métaux de transition, notamment, agit fortement sur les propriétés magnétiques tant à l'échelle macroscopique que microscopique.Nous apportons une contribution à l'étude des propriétés magnétiques particulières du composé YCo4B, composé modèle et de référence de la famille Rn+mCo3n+5mB2n. L'anisotropie magnétocristalline originale de ce composé est caractérisée à la fois par une réorientation de spin et un processus d'aimantation du premier ordre. Elle s'avère également fort sensible à la pression comme l'ont montré nos mesures magnétiques. La substitution du fer au cobalt dans les composés RCo4B est possible et donne lieu à un schéma préférentiel comme l'illustre nos mesures de diffraction des neutrons. En combinant ces résultats à des mesures magnétiques diverses et de spectroscopie Mössbauer, les propriétés magnétiques de chaque site cristallographique de métaux de transition 3d ont pu être particularisées.
Nous avons étudié la solution solide Y1-xThxCo4B et montré l'existence d'une substitution préférentielle du thorium à l'yttrium sur un site cristallographique. Ces deux éléments R non magnétiques ont des effets différents sur les propriétés magnétique des composés. Par comparaison à des études magnétiques sous pression, il a été possible de montrer que ces différences sont principalement dues aux différences de configuration électronique entre le thorium et l'yttrium et peu aux évolutions structurales induites par la substitution.
De nouveaux composés de la famille structurale Rn+mCo3n+5mB2n ont été mis à jour récemment. Nous présentons des études des conditions de synthèses et des structures magnétiques de quelques phases R3Co13B2 et R5Co19B6. Le composé Pr5Co19B6 présente notamment des anomalies magnétiques interprétables comme une réorientation de spin à basse température.
Nous présentons des résultats d'absorption des rayons X réalisés sur plusieurs compositions de la solution solide CeCo12-xFexB6. Dans cette structure, le cérium présente un état de valence intermédiaire qui évolue notablement en fonction de la teneur en fer.
Enfin, nous avons précisé les conditions de synthèse de phases métastables Nd2Fe23B3 et Y3Fe62B14, très riches en fer. Ces structures originales présentent de nombreux types d'environnements atomiques du fer ce qui en fait des composés aux propriétés magnétiques intéressantes. Nous avons notamment montré les évolutions inhabituelles de ces propriétés magnétiques entre les états amorphe et cristallisé de ces alliages.
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Zschiesche, Detlef. "Excited hadronic matter in a chiral SU(3)L x SU(3)R model." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969361300.
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Boboltz, David Allen Jr. "The Structure and Polarization Properties of the SiO Masers in the Extended Atmosphere of R Aquarii." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30630.
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Silicon monoxide (SiO) maser emission has been observed towards many late-type stars. The conditions necessary for the formation of SiO masers dictate that they be produced in a region which is inside the silicate dust formation point close to the surface of the star. Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) has shown that these masers do indeed lie close to the stellar surface at a distance of a few stellar radii. This extended atmosphere is a complex region dominated by stellar pulsations and permeated by circumstellar shocks.
This dissertation presents the results of a multi-epoch VLBI study of the v=1, J=1-0, 43-GHz SiO maser emission towards the symbiotic binary R Aquarii. Four epochs of full-polarization observations were recorded using the Very Long Baseline Array a facility the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. The first high-resolution images of the extended atmosphere of a Mira variable in a symbiotic binary have been produced.
The SiO masers towards R Aquarii have been found to exhibit a ring-like morphology ~31 mas (~6.8 AU) in diameter. The emission changes significantly over a time period of ~1-2 months with almost no similarity in structure on timescales >6 months. An analysis of the four epochs of observations has provided the first direct evidence of SiO maser proper motions. These observations, taken as the Mira variable approached maximum light, show that over a 98-day period the masers have an average inward proper motion of ~1 mas. This contraction of the maser shell implies an infall velocity of ~4 km/s for the SiO masers during this phase of the stellar pulsation cycle.
In addition to the total intensity images, maps of the linear and circular polarization morphology were also produced. These images show that the SiO masers are significantly polarized, and that the polarization structure and intensity change on timescales as short as ~1-2 months. For three of the four epochs, a mean fractional circular polarization of 4% was determined implying a magnetic field strength Bsec(theta) = 13 G. For one of the four epochs, the mean fractional circular polarization was found to be ~14% indicating a magnetic field strength Bsec(theta) = 46 G. The fractional linear polarization is fairly constant for all four epochs with mean values ranging from 20.8-25.0%, and peak values as high as ~83% for isolated maser features. Maps of the linear polarization vectors show an orderly structure over large portions of the maser shell indicating a uniform magnetic field topology in these regions of the extended atmosphere of R Aquarii.Ph. D.
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Moshrefi, Behrouz [Verfasser], Christine R. [Gutachter] Rose, and Dieter [Gutachter] Willbold. "Na+ signaling in white matter glial cells / Behrouz Moshrefi ; Gutachter: Christine R. Rose, Dieter Willbold." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1182032184/34.
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Matthes, Birgit [Verfasser], K. [Akademischer Betreuer] Eder, R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Ringseis, and G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Stangl. "Die Wirkung von Hydrolysaten aus Nahrungsproteinen auf funktionelle Parameter von humanen Aortenendothelzellen / Birgit Matthes. Betreuer: K. Eder ; R. Ringseis ; G. Stangl." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1024937798/34.
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Pace, Victoria L. "Creative Performance on the Job: Does Openness to Experience Matter?" [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001171.
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Michaud, Denis 1970. "Neutrino propagation through matter." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55513.
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In this thesis, we examine the evolution of a quantum system through background matter in order to determine the conditions of validity required for a description in terms of an effective Hamiltonian. General scattering rate equations are obtained for coherent diffuse scattering. We find, as expected, that the diffuse scattering rate is small compared to the coherent scattering rate in a medium with low fluctuations allowing an effective Hamiltonian description. However, for a more turbulent background, it is still possible to have more significant contributions to the diffuse scattering which may affect the existing theory of neutrino flavor conversion (MSW effect).
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Nojiri, Shin'ichi, and Sergei D. Odintsov. "Modified f (R) gravity consistent with realistic cosmology: From a matter dominated epoch to a dark energy universe." American Physical Society, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8840.
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Achcaoucaou, Iacllouchen Fariza. "Essays on location and development of subsidiary R&D strategic role: A matter of dual network embeddedness." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/127273.
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The integration of subsidiaries into international networks is altering the scholarly conception of the Multinational Corporation (MNC), forcing us to see subsidiaries as differentiated nodes of the internal corporate network embedded at the same time in the external host-local networks. This double-network paradigm highlights the potential of the subsidiary to tap into specific bodies of local knowledge and to make it available to the rest of the MNC, enabling the subsidiary to become an important source of technological competencies and to contribute to the MNC’s overall competitive advantage. This view has revived interest in the configuration of subsidiary R&D roles, especially in those with a particularly contributive disposition that is conducive to long-term success. Nevertheless, the literature examining subsidiary R&D roles has tended to focus mainly on just one side of the dual phenomenon, either its embeddedness in the internal or in the external network. To fill this void, this dissertation seeks to advance our understanding of the location and development of subsidiary R&D roles at the interface of internal and external knowledge networks.
This dissertation is made up of three essays that together form a unique line of argument, where each essay delves more deeply into the findings of the preceding essay. The first essay revisits the commonly cited location advantages for R&D and explores the extent to which they influence the R&D-contributing roles of subsidiaries. Adopting a case study methodology and examining eight subsidiaries with centres of research excellence in Spain, it is shown that supply-side factors impacting technology have a greater power of attraction than demand-side market factors on the R&D-contributing role. However, the Spanish environment appears to be characterised by a greater prevalence of demand-side factors than it is by supply-side factors, which accounts for Spain’s ranking as an ‘intermediate’ country when it comes to attracting foreign direct investment in R&D and innovation. Nevertheless, the high R&D-contributing subsidiaries studied demonstrate that the moderate innovative context of the host country does not hinder their technological potential, provided they maintain relatively stable relations with local agents in the environment. As a result, the degree of embeddedness of affiliates in the local networks emerges as a catalyst for foreign direct investment (FDI) in R&D. This finding prompted us to focus on the network effects of interacting with multiple agents on the evolution in R&D roles and guided the subsequent research.
The second essay focuses on changes in subsidiary capabilities and on the dynamic mechanisms by which their R&D role might evolve, especially, as a consequence of their interaction with a variety of knowledge networks. This issue is examined through four longitudinal case studies of subsidiaries operating in Spain. Using an inductive approach to theory building, we develop a general theoretical framework considering the subsidiary’s embeddedness in knowledge networks within the MNC (internal) and within the host country (external). We find that the evolution towards a competence-creating mandate is characterised by the simultaneous growth of embeddedness in both internal and external networks; otherwise, a subsidiary may actually gravitate away from upgrading its R&D role.
The results of the first and second essays revealed the confounding effects of country factors, corporate factors and dual-embeddedness on subsidiary R&D roles and redirected the focus of the third essay toward this issue. Adopting a partial least square approach to structural equation modelling, the third essay provides empirical evidence for the interaction of these elements based on a survey of 111 foreign-owned subsidiaries located in Spain. This chapter finds that favourable internal and external context conditions do not necessarily lead to the enhancement of a subsidiary’s R&D-contributing role unless dual embeddedness is well established, since internal embeddedness acts as a full mediator for corporate effects, external embeddedness acts as a partial mediator for country effects and, in turn, dual embeddedness (with external embeddedness preceding internal embeddedness) acts as a partial mediator of country effects.
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Bennett, Mikayla Anne, and Mikayla Anne Bennett. "Expanding the "particular social group" classification in asylum law: an analysis of matter of A-R-C-G-." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626761.
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This legal note will analyze the repercussions stemming from the Matter of A-R-C-G- in
asylum law. This case allowed women who had endured domestic violence to receive asylum in
the United States under the particular social group classification. Part I will discuss the facts and
analysis in the Matter of A-R-C-G- case as decided by the Board of Immigration Appeals. Part II
will analyze the particular social group classification and its evolution over time. This part will
also compare the elements of domestic violence in Matter of A-R-C-G- to the particular social
group requirement so as to explain how to apply for asylum under this label. Part III will
hypothesize how the precedent set by this case could be expanded to allow women persecuted by
gang violence to successfully apply for asylum in the United States.
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Allaire, André. "Copper matte vacuum purification." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70215.
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An investigation of copper matte vacuum purification was undertaken. A mathematical model using monatomic, diatomic sulphide and diatomic oxide vapours of the impurities was developed to explain the vacuum refining process. The model was used to predict the overall refining rates for variables such as temperature, matte grade, oxygen activity and chamber pressure of the melt.A series of experiments was undertaken to characterize the dust produced during vacuum refining of copper matte. An attempt to selectively condense the vapours produced during the vacuum refining experiments was carried out.
The "Lift-Spray" vacuum refining process was used to refine 15 to 40 kg batches of molten copper matte containing 35 to 78% copper. The removal rates of lead, bismuth, arsenic, antimony, selenium, nickel and silver were measured under different levels of matte grade, chamber pressure, lifting gas flow rate and dissolved oxygen content in the melt. The ranges of the variables under study were from 10 to 600 pascals chamber pressure, 0 to 40 normal milliliter per second of lifting gas flow rate and 10$ sp{-16}$ to 10$ sp{-7}$ atmosphere of oxygen activity.
In conclusion, LSV refining of copper matte was shown to be a promising process. Furthermore, scale-up to industrial size is now possible. The scale-up dimensions compare well to the dimensions of the RH degassing unit presently used in the steel industry. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Campbell, Jennifer S. W. "Diffusion imaging of white matter fibre tracts." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85135.
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This thesis presents the design and validation of a method for digitally reconstructing white matter fibre tracts in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The technique uses diffusion weighted MRI to estimate a likelihood distribution function for the fibre direction(s) in each imaging voxel, and subsequently infers connectivity from any point in the central nervous system to another. The fibre tracking algorithm addresses issues that can confound fibre tract reconstruction, such as imaging noise, subvoxel partial volume averaging of fibre directions, and problems with the estimate of the diffusion probability density function (pdf). It can take as input a diffusion pdf estimated using either the traditional diffusion tensor approach or more recent high angular resolution diffusion approaches. The fibre tracking technique is validated using in vivo human brain diffusion imaging data and using a phantom constructed from excised rat spinal cord, which provides a "gold standard" connectivity map. The results are promising, especially for regions of the brain where tracking using previously described algorithms has been difficult to perform, for example, the regions of complex fibre structure near the cortex. As the cortex is critical for functional activity in the brain, this may have widespread implications for our understanding of the human brain in healthy subjects and in disease.
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Turbide, Simon. "Electromagnetic radiation from matter under extreme conditions." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102221.
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The subject of this thesis is the production of electromagnetic radiations during relativistic heavy ions collisions. Since they constitute one of the major ways to probe the presence of a quark-gluon plasma (QGP), their evaluation through theoretical models is very important. The photon production at low-to intermediate transverse momentum (pT) is first studied. The photon production rate in a mesonic gas is evaluated within a massive Yang-Mills (MYM) approach. Earlier calculations are reexamined with additional constraints, including new production channels and with the inclusion of form-factors. Adding primordial N-N contribution and existing baryonic and QGP production rates, we can reproduce the photon spectra observed at the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). The intermediate to high-p T region is dominated by the physics of jets. A treatment, complete to leading-order in the strong coupling, is used to calculate energy loss in the strongly interacting medium. This approach is convolved with a physical description of the initial spatial distribution of jets and with an expansion of the emission zone. The role played by jet-plasma interactions is highlighted, showing that they dominate in the range 2 < p T < 4 GeV, at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). This mechanism has an important impact on both the total photon yield and the photon azimuthal asymmetry, turning the coefficient v 2 negative. Finally, the dilepton production at high p T is calculated with hard-thermal loops (HTL) effects, showing, that in perfect analogy with real photons, jet-plasma interactions also dominate the dilepton yield around pT = 4 GeV.
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Laycock, Thomas Daniel. "Dark matter excitations via massive vector bosons." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21959.
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A model of dark matter excitations is studied in an attempt to explain the anomalously large 511 keV photon line emission observed by the SPI spectrograph on INTEGRAL to be originating from the galactic bulge of the Milky Way. The proposed dark matter WIMP has a near degenerate mass partner a few MeV heavier. Scattering between dark matter particles leads to excitations, with the subsequent decays producing an electron-positron pair. In this way, the kinetic energy of the massive dark matter particles can be efficiently converted into electron-positron pairs moving slow enough to produce the narrow annihilation line observed. With a sufficiently large mass gap, kinematic considerations and the cuspy dark matter density profile constrain excitations to the galactic bulge where the escape velocity, and thus the fraction of dark matter particles above the kinematic cutoff, is large.Un model d'excitations matière sombre est etudié dans une tentative d'explication de la ligne d'emission anormalement large observé par le spectrographe SPI sur INTEGRAL originaire du bulbe galactique de la Voie Lactée. La matière sombre WIMP proposée possède un partenaire ayant une masse de quelques MeV supplémentaires. La diffusion entre les particules de matière sombre mène aux excitations et à la désintégration ultérieure en une paire électron-positron. De cette façon, l'énergie cinétique des particules de matière sombre peut être convertie en paires électron-positron se déplaçant suffisement lentement pour produire l'étroite ligne d'annihilation observée. Avec un espacement en masse suffisement grand, les considérations cinématique et un profil de densité de la matière sombre cuspy contraignent les excitations au bulbe galactique, où la vitesse d'échappement, et donc la fraction de particules matière sombre au-dessus du seuil cinétique, est grande.
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Michaud, Denis 1970. "Neutrinos and fluctuating matter : going beyond MSW." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35501.
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Scott, Gary George. "Tunable soft matter through peptide self-assembly." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2017. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28634.
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Nanomaterials produced by molecular self-assembly has become one of the emerging technologies for the development of materials for the food, cosmetic and biotechnology industries. These materials exploit the unique properties of their molecular building blocks, which include natural molecules, such as peptides. Using the entire library of amino acids, consisting of 20 residues that are conserved across all life forms, a range of different materials can be created, such as hydrogels, emulsions, etc. However, such materials are normally found serendipitously or by complex molecular design and therefore the development of new systems has been challenging. In this thesis, a combination of computational and experimental techniques is used to predict, design, synthesize and apply a range of different tripeptides. Using design rules, a subset of tripeptides was chosen to examine their self-assembling ability. It was determined that peptides with cationic amino acids at the N-terminal position (KYF, KYW and KFF) promote the formation of nanofibers and hydrogelation whereas anionic amino acids form bilayer-like assemblies (DFF and FFD). Alteration of the peptides sequence disrupts the formation resulting in loss of ordered nanostructures. Exploiting this self-assembling process can result into different materials such as emulsions. Fibrous tripeptide assemblies have the ability to assemble at the water/oil interface stabilizing emulsions via interfacial nanofibrous networks, whereas anionic tripeptide assemblies form surfactant-like emulsifiers. These materials can be tuned to give different emulsion stabilities. The formation of tripeptides can be controlled using enzymatic methods where physiological conditions can be altered to selectively target different tripeptides. Conditions such as pH and temperature control peptide hydrolysis allowing for the retention of highly order peptide nanostructures. The promotion of highly order nanostructures is imperative and the presence of additive such as salts can influence the self-assembling structure formed. Different salts can interact with charged amino acids, which promote crosslinking between peptides creating new tripeptide nanomaterials.
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Persson, Ulrika, and Anna Svensson. "TO EXPENSE OR NOT TO EXPENSE - HOW DOES IT MATTER? : A Qualitative Study Concering R&D and Credit Granting." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-18599.
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This study concerns the implications of the discretion in the cut-off point in the accounting method for research and development. Our research problem targets the issues to reduce the existing research gap:
- - "Does the choice of accounting method for research and development matter when a creditor evaluates a company for a credit granting decision?"
- - "How does the accounting method for research and development matter in a credit granting decision?"
Our study aims to answer these questions by investigating and analyzing the credit granting assessment and by interviewing creditors at the major banks in Sweden. Fictitious case scenarios provide in-depth information about how the accounting methods matter for a credit granting decision.
We develop this study by gathering existing material regarding accounting standards, the accounting method and the credit granting assessment. Previous studies about credit granting and the accounting methods supplement the theoretical material.
The approach to this study is a hermeneutic approach that tries to grasp the entire picture of the respondents' opinion about the accounting methods. To gain detailed and extensive information from the respondents, we use a qualitative research with semi-structured interviews. The research sample consists of experienced creditors at the largest banks in Sweden. This is to ensure relevant and informative answers on our questions. We utilise the four case scenarios to encourage the respondents to elaborate upon the accounting methods for R&D. This provides detailed knowledge about how the accounting methods matter for a credit granting decision.
The respondent states that abnormal values in the R&D account are suspicious and that investigation and adjustments of these values occurs if necessary. From this summarised statement, we draw the conclusion that the accounting methods for R&D matter in a credit granting decision. However, we also establish that other factors are more influential on the decision. Furthermore, we find that the creditors examine the content of the R&D account because the methods and its content have different impact on the financial statements. The expense method indicates a negative impact on the credit granting decision if the company cannot carry the costs, while the recognition method gives an appearance of stronger financial statements. However, the recognition method also gives rise to suspicions if the company relies on previous achievements. We conclude that depending on the amount of R&D both methods can be perceived as an advantage and a disadvantage for a credit granting decision, however, our main finding suggests that a revaluation of the abnormal values in the R&D account occurs.
From the support of our findings, we believe that our research has accomplished the objective of the study and we therefore believe that we have contributed to the existing knowledge in the subject.
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Allaire, André. "Vacuum refining of copper matte." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65401.
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Cammack, W. K. Levi. "Dissolved organic matter fluorescence : relationships with heterotrophic metabolism." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29417.
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Characterizing dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition remains a major unresolved problem in aquatic ecology. "Tryptophan-like" dissolved organic matter fluorescence (FDOM) was found to be a much better predictor of heterotrophic bacterial metabolism in 28 Quebec lakes than dissolved organic carbon (DOC), describing 52, 44, 51 and 55% of the variability in bacterial production (BP), bacterioplankton respiration (BR), total bacterial carbon consumption (TBCC), and total plankton community respiration (CR), respectively. In addition, the study provides indirect support for the view that FDOM represents a product of bacterial activity, rather than a bioavailable substrate. This is the first field study to show that fluorescence spectroscopy can be used to characterize an aspect of DOM composition that is related to bacterial metabolism, and provides results that encourage further exploration of the potential uses of DOM fluorescence spectroscopy as a predictive tool.
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Murugesan, Yogesh Kumar. "Anisotropic soft matter models for plant cell walls." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117093.
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This thesis uses theory and simulation to elucidate the principles and mechanisms that govern the thermodynamics, material science, and rheology of biological anisotropic soft matter that are involved in growth/self-assembly/material processing in plant cell walls, a multi-functional biological fibrous composite. The plant cell wall can be considered as a reinforced biological membrane consisting of cellulose microfibrils (CMFs) of high tensile strength embedded in a polysaccharide matrix. These CMFs in the extracellular matrix are oriented instrategic directions and generate commonly observed textures such as line, ring, helix, crossed helix and helicoids. The orientation of CMFs governs the physical properties of wood, controls the shape of the cell and contributes to themorphology at the tissue and organ level. Two models are used in this thesis, depending on the concentration of CMFs.At concentration of CMFs below Onsager critical limit, we develop an integrated mechanical model that describes nematic liquid crystalline self-assembly of rigid fibers on an arbitrarily curved 2D fluid membrane to demonstrate the possibility of the CMF orientation imparted by the interaction between membrane curvature and embedded fiber order. This curvature driven planar self assembly model can predict and explain the observed line, ring and helical cell wall textures. These predictions are partially validated through available experimental observations. An integrated shape and nematic order equation developed in this thesis gives a complete model whose solution describes the coupled membraneshape and fiber order state. The validated model is then used to analyze the structure and mechanics of biological and biomimetic fiber-laden membranes of variable curvature. The statics of anisotropic fiber-laden membranes developed inthis model is integrated with the planar nematodynamics of fibers and the dynamics of isotropic membranes to formulate a viscoelastic model to study dynamic remodeling of plant cell wall during growth and morphogenesis. The novel coupling between in-plane fiber orientation and order and membrane curvature formulated this thesis has the potential to open up a novel venue to control two dimensional anisotropic soft matter with tailored functionalities. When the concentration of the CMFs exceeds Onsager's critical fiber concentration threshold, the interaction between these CMFs results in theiralignment in a specific direction as an attempt to minimize the excluded volume of the CMFs. A mathematical model based on the Landau–de Gennes theory of liquid crystals is used to simulate defect textures arising in the domain of chiralself-assembly due to the presence of secondary phases such as pit canal and cell lumens. In addition to providing information on material properties and length scales that cannot be experimentally measured in vivo, the simulated transient defect pattern confirms for first time the long postulated formation mechanism of helicoidal plywoods through liquid crystalline self-assembly. The model is further extended to investigate defect textures and liquid crystalline (LC) phases observed in polygonal arrangement of cylindrical particles embedded in a cholesteric liquid crystal matrix. These validated findings provide a comprehensive set of trends and mechanisms that contribute to the evolving understanding of biological plywoods and serve as a platform for future biomimetic applications.The integration of soft matter physics theories and models with actual biological data for plant cell walls provides a foundation for understanding growth, form, and function and a platform for biomimetic innovation.Cette thèse utilise la théorie et la simulation pour élucider les principes et mécanismes qui gouverne la hermodynamique, la science des matériaux, et la rhéologie de la matière biologique molle anisotropique qui est impliquée dans ledéveloppement/auto-assemblage/la transformation des parois cellulaires de plantes, un composite biologique fibreux multifonctionnel. Les parois cellulaires de plantes peuvent être considérées comme des membranes biologiques renforcées consistant en des microfibres de cellulose (CMFs) de hautes ténacités contenues dans une matrice de polysaccaride. Ces CMFs dans la matrice extracellulaire sont orientés dans une direction stratégique hélices et des hélicoïdes. L'orientation des CMFs gouverne les propriétés physiques du bois et contrôle la forme des cellules. Deux modèles sont employés dans cette thèse dépendamment de la concentration en CMFs. A la concentration de CMFs dessous la limite critique de Onsager, nous développons un modèle mécanique intégré qui décrit un auto-assemblage de fibres rigides de type cristal liquide nématique sur une membrane courbée bidimensionnelle arbitraire afin de démontrer la possibilité de l'orientation des CMFs indue par les interactions entre la courbature de la membrane et l'organisation fibrillaire intrinsèque. Cette auto-assemblage planaire indus par la courbature peut prédire et expliquer les lignes, annaux et textures hélicoïdales observées dans les parois cellulaires. Ces prédictions sont partiellement validées au travers d'observations expérimentales publiés. Une équation décrivant l'ordre nématique et la forme intégrée qui a été développé dans cette thèse fournis un modèle complet dont la solution décrit le couplage entre l'alignement des fibres et la forme de la membrane. Le model validé est par la suite utilisé à fin d'analyser la structure et la mécanique de membrane fibreuses biologiques et biomimétiques de courbatures variables. La statique des membranes fibreuses anisotropes développés dans ce modèle est intégrée avec la némato-dynamique planaire des fibres et la dynamique des membranes isotropes afin de formuler un modèle viscoélastique pour étudier le remodelage dynamique des CMF durant leur développement et morphogénèse. Le nouveau couplage entre l'orientation fibrillaire planaire et l'ordre ainsi que la courbature de la membrane formulé dans cette thèse à le potentiel d'ouvrir de nouvelles avenues pour contrôler l'ordre bidimensionnel de matière molle selon des propriétés bien définies. Quand la concentration en CMFs excède la limite critique en fibre de Onsager, l'interaction entre les CMFs résulte en un alignement dans une direction spécifique qui tente de minimiser le volume exclu de CMFs. Un modèle mathématique basé sur la théorie de Landau de Gennes des cristaux liquides est utilisé pour simuler les textures de défauts survenant dans un chirale d'auto assemblage du à la présence de phases secondaires tel que les lumens cellulaires. En plus de fournir de l'information sur les propriétés matériels et les ordres de grandeurs qui ne peuvent être mesuré expérimentalement in vivo, les motifs des défauts transitoires simulés confirment pour la première fois le mécanisme de formation des assemblages hélicoïdaux. Le modèle est de plus étendu pour investiguer les textures de défauts et les phases liquides cristallines (LC) observées dans les arrangements polygonaux de particules cylindriques inclus dans des matrices de cristaux liquide cholestériques. Ces découvertes validées fournissent un ensemble de mécanismes qui contribues à faire évoluer la compréhension des assemblages lamellaires biologiques et servent de plateforme pour de futur développement d'applications biomimétiques. L'intégration des théories et des modèles de la matière molle avec des données biologique concrète pour les parois cellulaires fournissent des fondement pour la compréhension du développement, de formation et fonctionnalité ainsi qu'une plateforme pour l'innovation biomimétique
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Whittamore, Zakary. "Isospin-violating dark matter and direct detection experiments." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123143.
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Hints of direct detection of dark matter have been presented by the DAMA, CoGeNT, and CRESST collaborations, despite a number of null results that seem to contradict such claims. Although standard spin-independent dark matter is not capable of reconciling the results, dark matter models containing isospin-violating couplings have shown promise in solving the issues surrounding direct detection of dark matter. Inelastic or momentum-dependent scattering dark matter has also been shown to help alleviate these tensions. In light of the 2012 XENON100 observations, updated analysis of surface event contamination at CoGeNT, revision of the energy resolution employed by XENON10, and new results from the CDMS-II silicon detectors, we study the extent to which spin-independent, spin-dependent, and combined models of isospin-violating dark matter are capable of explaining current direct detection data. Moreover, we explore the effect of an energy-dependent sodium quenching factor $Q_{\rm Na}$ for fitting the DAMA observations, and give an isospin-violating prediction for XENON1T. In addition to the usual analysis involving phase space plots, we investigate a halo-independent model of dark matter in the space of minimum velocities required for a dark matter particle to scatter off a given nucleus. For the first time, such an analysis is performed for models of dark matter which embrace both inelastic and isospin-violating couplings, as well as for dark matter with momentum- and spin dependent interactions. With respect to the models considered herein, our results do not support a dark matter interpretation of direct detection data in either the standard or halo-independent formalisms.Conseils de détection directe de la matière noire ont été présentés par les DAMA, CoGeNT, et CRESST collaborations, malgré un certain nombre de résultats nuls qui semblent contredire ces allégations. Bien que la norme matière noire indépendante du spin n'est pas capable de concilier la résultats, la matière noire modèles contenant couplages de isospin-violation ont montré des résultats prometteurs dans résolution des problèmes de détection directe de la matière noire. Diffusion inélastique ou dynamique dépendant de la matière noire a également été démontré que aider à atténuer ces tensions. À la lumière des observations XENON100 2012, analyse actualisée de la contamination de l' événement de surface à CoGeNT, la révision de la résolution de l'énergie utilisée par XENON10, et de nouveaux résultats provenant des détecteurs de silicium CDMS-II, nous étudier la mesure dans laquelle indépendante du spin, dépendant du spin, et des modèles combinés de la matière noire isospin-violation sont capables d'expliquer les données de détection directs actuels. De plus, nous explorons l'effet d'une trempe de sodium dépendant de l'énergie facteur $Q_{\rm Na}$ pour le montage des observations DAMA, et de donner une prévision de isospin-violation de XENON1T. En plus de l'analyse habituelle impliquant des parcelles de l'espace de phase, nous étudions un modèle de halo-indépendant de la matière noire dans l'espace des vitesses minimales requises pour une particule de matière noire se disperser hors d'un noyau donné. Pour la première fois, une telle analyse est effectuée pour les modèles de matière noire qui embrassent les deux couplages élastiques et isospin-violation, ainsi que de la matière noire avec des interactions dépendant du dynamique et spin. En ce qui concerne les modèles considérés ici, nos résultats ne soutiennent pas une question d'interprétation sombre de données de détection directe soit dans la norme ou formalismes halo-indépendant.
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Lowery, David K. "God as father, with special reference to Matthew's Gospel." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1987. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU003541.
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This is an inductive study of the ideas associated with God as father, particularly in the context of Matthew's gospel. The ideas associated with God as father in the Old Testament, early Judaism and rabbinic literature are linked to covenant relationships which affirm God's trustworthiness and faithfulness and require his people's obedience. Matthew's understanding of God as father shows kinship with these ideas. One group of texts refers to the character or nature of God as father. Matthew gives particular attention to the will of God and its fulfillment. In a second group of texts Matthew affirms God's care for the world in general and for disciples in particular and assures disciples that the events of their lives are under the Father's control. A third group of texts refers to the fact that the disciple's life from beginning to end is marked by God's grace and includes the certainty of reward for the righteous. This interplay of the Father's grace and the disciple's response of righteousness is given explicit form in a fourth group of texts which addresses particular expectations or stipulations. The citations in this last section are particular illustrations of Matthew's general tendency to intertwine references to God as father with practical concerns. His references to God as father thus form part of the wider ethical interests which characterize the First Gospel.
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Park, Jongik. "Photoemission Study of the Rare Earth Intermetallic Compounds RNi2Ge2 (R=Eu, Gd)." Washington, D.C. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Science ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2004. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/835299-eRe3PQ/webviewable/.
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Bahmany, Leyla. "Sustainable development of international arbitration: rethinking subject-matter arbitrability." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117139.
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The discussion pertaining to the inarbitrability of public policy disputes has a long-standing position in arbitration law. To protect public interests, domestic legal systems imposed a general ban on the arbitration of public policy disputes. In 1985, however, the United States Supreme Court in Mitsubishi Motors Corp. v. Soler Chrysler-Plymouth, Inc. removed antitrust disputes from the category of inarbitrable matters and marked a new phase in the history of inarbitrability. The general nature of Mitsubishi's reasoning affected other Western jurisdictions to remove the inarbitrability of public policy disputes in order to develop international arbitration. Mitsubishi's rationale and holding, therefore, can be considered to be pillars of the new approach to inarbitrability. This thesis critically analyzes Mitsubishi's reasoning and the record of the past three decades in light of case law and the views of prominent scholars. It draws a picture of the current situation of arbitrability in the United States, Canada, France and Belgium. The discussion explains that the removal of inarbitrability has resulted in an ineffective protection for public interests, which has caused dissatisfaction in certain sectors of society and may amount to formation of a radical view hostile to arbitration. The situation raises concerns as to whether the current development of arbitration will endure. This thesis borrows the term "sustainable development" from environmental law and economy, and applies it to international arbitration law. By redefining "sustainable development" according to the needs of international arbitration, this thesis provides a solution for developing arbitration without jeopardizing public policy interests. The solution balances private and public interests to achieve sustainable development in international arbitration.La discussion relative à l'inarbitrabilité des différends portant sur l'ordre public occupe une position de longue date en droit de l'arbitrage. Afin de protéger les intérêts du public, les systèmes juridiques nationaux interdisaient généralement l'arbitrage de différends portant sur des questions d'ordre public. En 1985, cependant, la Cour suprême américaine dans l'affaire Mitsubishi Motors Corp. v. Soler Chrysler-Plymouth, Inc. retira les différends pourtant sur le droit de la concurrence de la catégorie des questions inarbitrables, et marqua une nouvelle phase dans l'histoire de inarbitrabilité. Le caractère général des arguments soulevés dans l'affaire Mitsubishi a influencé d'autres pays occidentaux et ils retirèrent les différends portant sur l'ordre public des matières inarbitrables afin de développer l'arbitrage international. Par conséquent, les arguments formulés et la décision prise dans l'affaire Mitsubishi peuvent être considérés comme les piliers de la nouvelle approche de inarbitrabilité. Ce mémoire analyse l'argumentaire de l'affaire Mitsubishi et le bilan des trois dernières décennies, à la lumière de la jurisprudence et des points de vue d'éminents chercheurs. Il dresse un tableau de la situation actuelle de l'arbitrabilité aux Etats-Unis, au Canada, en France et en Belgique. L'exposé explique que la suppression de l'inarbitrabilité a donné lieu à une protection inefficace de l'ordre public, ce qui a provoqué l'insatisfaction dans certains secteurs de la société et pourrait résulter dans la formation d'un point de vue radical, hostile à l'arbitrage. La situation soulève des préoccupations quant à savoir si l'évolution actuelle de l'arbitrage durera longtemps. Ce mémoire emprunte le terme "développement durable" au droit de l'environnement et de l'économie, et il l'applique au droit de l'arbitrage international. En redéfinissant le terme "développement durable" en fonction des besoins de l'arbitrage international, ce mémoire propose une solution pour développer l'arbitrage sans mettre en péril les intérêts d'ordre public. Cette solution équilibre les intérêts privés et publics pour parvenir à un développement durable dans l'arbitrage international.
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Lindgren, Paula. "The preservation of organic matter in impact craters." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU238018.
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The aim of this study is to attain a better understanding of the fate of carbon and the degree of preservation of organic matter in impacts craters. This topic is relevant to prebiotic chemistry, planetary exploration and panspermia. Three natural impact craters were investigated: The Eocene Haughton impact structure on Devon Island in the Canadian High Arctic, where the target is composed of a thick sedimentary sequence with pre-impact hydrocarbons, the Ordovician Lockne impact structure in central Sweden, where organic- and uranium-rich Alum Shale is present in the target, and the Pre-Caledonian Gardnos impact structure in south-central Norway, also with carbon-rich shales in the target. An analogue example of rapid heating of organic matter by igneous intrusion in carbon-rich rock, and an experimental hypervelocity impact in a carbon-rich rock were also studied. In the Haughton impact crater, fossil biological markers are preserved within lithic clasts in the impact melt breccia. Fossil biological markers are also preserved in the experimental impact crater, and in the material excavated during the experimental impact. Instantaneous melting and quenching in the Gardnos suevite (impact melt rock) has caused the incorporation of disordered carbon in the suevite melt. In the Haughton impact melt breccias, around 20% total organic carbon is preserved after impact, and in the Gardnos impact crater, at least 38% of the original carbon is preserved in a disordered form. In the Lockne impact crater, carbon is particularly preserved by polymerisation around radioactive minerals. This study shows that organic matter does not necessarily oxidise or change in to highly crystalline forms during an impact event, but that substantial amounts can be preserved in a disordered form.
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McDaniel, Karl Jeffrey. "Prospection, retrospection, and emotive effect: suspense, surprise, and curiosity in Matthew's Gospel." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96728.
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This examination explores ways in which the narrative of the Gospel of Matthew elicits and develops the emotions of suspense, surprise, and curiosity within its readers. The dream narrative (common in Greek literature) found at the beginning of the Gospel sets up expectation for Jewish salvation (Matt 1:21; 2:6) though this fails to be realized in the narrative given the salvation requirements set forth in Jesus' discourses and parables. This narrative of failure brings about increasing suspense related to the characters in the plot (leaders of the people, crowds, disciples, and Peter). The narrative ends with the commission to the Gentiles (Matt 28:19-20), as a surprise for the reader given the initial expectation of Jewish salvation. This surprise, however, invokes curiosity, calling readers back to the narrative's beginning. Upon rereading with a retrospective view, the reader discovers that the Gentile mission was foreshadowed throughout the narrative via ironic quotations and echoes of Isaiah (Matt 1:23-24; 4:14-16; 8:17; 12:18-21; 20:28; 21:33-45; 26:28) that now take on universal interpretation.Cette thèse explore des façons dans lesquelles le récit de l'Évangile de Matthieu provoque et développe pour ses lecteurs les émotions de suspense, surprise, et curiosité. Le récit de rêve (une notion littéraire commune dans la littérature grecque) au début de l'Évangile construit pour le lecteur une attente au salut juif (Matt 1:21 ; 2:6). Par contre, si on tient compte des conditions de salut décrits dans les discours et les paraboles de Jésus, cette attente ne se concrétise jamais dans le récit. Ce récit d'échec augmente le suspense lié aux caractères du complot (les dirigeants spirituels des citoyens, les foules, les disciples, et Pierre). Le récit se termine avec la mission aux gentils (Matt 28:19-20) et considérant l'attente initiale au salut juif, ce passage surprend les lecteurs. Par la suite cette surprise invoque une curiosité qui invite les lecteurs à retourner au commencement du récit. En le lisant de nouveau avec une rétrospective, le lecteur découvre qu'à travers le récit, les citations et les échos ironiques d'Esaïe (Matt 1:23-24; 4:14-16; 8:17 ; 12:18-21; 20:28 ; 21:33-45; 26:28) laissent présager la mission aux gentils. Une interprétation universelle de ces passages devient maintenant nécessaire.
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Majumder, Abhijit. "Matter under extreme conditions : theoretical studies in two energy regimes." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38502.
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We apply the methods of statistical mechanics and field theory at finite temperature to understand phenomena in intermediate and high energy heavy-ion collisions.In the intermediate energy scenario we concentrate on the pervasive phenomena of multifragmentation. We introduce various extensions of the recently proposed Recursive Statistical Multifragmentation Model (RSM model). In particular, we devise a novel Monte-Carlo technique to improve the treatment of the excluded volume in the model. We consider extensions to account for Coulomb effects and inclusion of isospin degrees of freedom. We then devise a consistent decay formalism to account for the change in isotope ratios due to decay of particle unstable clusters produced in such systems. We demonstrate how, with the above mentioned extensions, populations of various intermediate mass fragments observed in experiments may be explained. We then focus on the possible observation of critical phenomena in experiments, and provide a criticism of the parametrization techniques currently used by practitioners in the field. We demonstrate how such techniques may lead to misleading interpretations and identifications of critical phenomena.
In high energy heavy-ion collisions, we focus on the ongoing search for the Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP). The QGP is formed for a very short time and hence its presence is inferred through indirect signatures. In this thesis, we concentrate on the electromagnetic signatures of such a plasma. We demonstrate how the explicit breaking of charge conjugation invariance by the QGP may lead to the appearance of processes hitherto considered absent due to symmetry considerations. These processes allow for gluons to fuse to form lepton pairs and turn out to be comparable, in certain regions of parameter space, to the tree level rate for lepton pair formation from quark anti-quark annihilation. We then investigate the issue of collinear and infrared divergences in two-loop dilepton production rates. This is done by calculating the imaginary part of the retarded two-loop self-energy of a static vector boson in a plasma of quarks and gluons. We recombine the various cuts of the self-energy to generate physical processes. We demonstrate how cuts containing loops may be reinterpreted in terms of interference between O(alpha) tree diagrams and the Born term along with spectators from the medium. We apply our results to the rate of dilepton production in the limit of dilepton invariant mass M >> T. We find that all infrared and collinear singularities cancel in the final result obtained in this limit.
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Wang, Yongjiang. "Aspects of pion propagation in hot and dense nuclear matter." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60494.
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Some important aspects of pion propagation in hot and dense nuclear matter are investigated by considering the dominant p-wave pion nucleon interaction including the $ Delta$-isobar channel. We find that for zero temperature nuclear mater, the static approximation in the computation of the pion branch dispersion relation is not adequate in general. In the finite temperature nuclear matter up to T = 50MeV, the pion propagation does not change much comparing to that in the zero temperature medium, but the pion absorption through the first order pion-nucleon interaction, on the other hand, increases significantly as the temperature goes up. We also give a formula to determine the critical nuclear matter density $ rho sb{c}$ and when $ rho > rho sb{c}$ is satisfied, a minimum exists in the corresponding pion branch.
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Whitlock, Nicholas Keith. "Matter wave detection and phase fluctuations in Bose-Einstein condensates." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2004. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21563.
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Accepted analogies between matter waves and electromagnetic waves are extended in order to show that matter waves should have mechanical properties. A semiclassical description of the continuity equations describing these mechanical properties is presented and a general expression for their flux density is obtained. A semiclassical detection theory for matter waves is developed, drawing upon the theory of photoelectron detection and the conservation equations from fluid mechanics. It is the intrinsically dispersive nature of matter waves which is important in deriving such a theory. It is shown that the detection rate can be related to the flux of particles through the detector surface. A fully quantum matter wave detection theory is also presented, beginning from a microscopic description of detection. Both the short-time approximation to the detection rate and its long-time correction are developed. Again it is shown that the detection rate can be related to the flux through the detector surface. The relative phase fluctuations of two one-dimensional condensates coupled along their whole length with a local single-atom interaction is examined. The thermal equilibrium is defined by the competition between independent longitudinal thermally excited phase fluctuations and the coupling between the condensates which locally favours identical phase. The relative phase fluctuations and their correlation length are computed as a function of the temperature and the strength of the coupling. Finally, the future potential of the work contained herein is examined.
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Kim, Paul Duk-Joong. "The idea of perfection in Matthew's Gospel against its Jewish background." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2003. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602060.
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This work seeks to define the meaning of being "perfect" in Matthew's Gospel in relation to the Jewish holiness tradition. The first part is composed of three sub-chapters. (1) The first chapter discusses the idea of perfection in the Pentateuch, in which Matthew's perfection is mainly rooted. This chapter intends to study the way in which the idea of perfection is displayed in relation to the concept of holiness in the Pentateuch. The idea of perfection, which was derived from the qualification (oon) of the sacrificial animals that were offered to God, was applied to the priests because they were associated with the sacrificial animals in their functions. The idea is extended to the nation of Israel in Deuteronomy on the grounds that the nation of Israel is a holy and priestly nation. (2) The second chapter deals with the idea in the prophetic writings, which is closely associated with three elements: the idea of shalom, the suffering motif, and the New Covenant as a means of the restoration of Israel (a priestly nation). The idea of perfection in the prophetic writings stresses an ethical dimension within a covenantal relationship with Yahweh. (3) The wisdom writings place much emphasis upon wisdom as a means of achieving holiness and perfection. Wisdom literature introduces the divine wisdom as perfect wisdom which the people of God seek after. As a result, the Torah as a source of the divine wisdom is closely linked to the idea of perfection in the wisdom writings. Part two demonstrates how the idea of perfection played an important role in the life of the Jews in the Second Temple period. (1) The idea of perfection is crucial for the understanding of life at Qumran. The idea of perfection in the Qumran community is to be defined in the context of the Jewish expectation that a priestly kingdom would be restored as the fulfilment of the New Covenant. The Qumran covenanters regarded themselves as members of a priestly community which was expected to atone for the sins of the Land. Against this background, the covenanters applied priestly holiness, i.e., perfection, to their life and religious practices. (2) The Pharisaic idea of perfection is closely related to their ideal to establish a priestly nation in the Promised Land. On the basis of this, they applied priestly holiness to the people of Israel in general. Because of the centrality of the Torah and the wisdom influence in the life of the Jews in the post-exilic period, the Pharisaic perfection highly emphasises the importance of the dual Torah (both written Torah and the tradition of elders) as a means of achieving perfection. Part three discusses how Matthew's Gospel makes use of the idea of perfection effectively in his Gospel. Matthew intends to show how the promise of the New Covenant was fulfilled in the work of Jesus. Matthew describes the new people of God as a new Israel: the Church as the new Temple, Jesus as the High Priestly Messiah, and his disciples as priests ministering for the new Temple. Jesus' disciples were likened to the priests who served the Temple in the presence of the Lord. On this ground, Matthew demands that Jesus' disciples should be "perfect". Therefore, for Matthew, the Church, i.e., the new Temple, is the community of perfection. Matthew inherits the Jewish idea of perfection (the centrality of the love command in particular) and applied it to the life of the new people of God.
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Pelletier, Johanne. "A matter of time : digital patina and timeboundedness in new media." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98571.
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The term patina refers to a particular quality of decay in material objects, where the decay is both a physical and symbolic property of the object. As a physical property patina is an expression of the passage of time, a visual marker of the object's timeboundedness reflected in signs of ageing and/or use. This thesis considers the implications of a digital patina, including its relevance for an analysis of the relationship between things and time or timeboundedness.
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Sirois, Yves. "Probes of quark matter formation in high energy 16O-nucleus collisions." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75666.
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I present the measurements, analysis and results obtained with the NA34 experiment at the CERN European laboratory, on the global characteristics of particle production in ultra-relativistic oxygen-nucleus collisions, at incident energies of 60 and 200 GeV/nucleon. The observed properties of the particle flow are analysed in the framework of phenomenological models inspired by quantum chromodynamics. From this analysis, novel information emerges concerning the mechanisms and space-time evolution of the soft-hadronic processes in short-lived extended volumes of matter at extreme densities and temperature. We consequently study the parameters and critical conditions under which nuclear collisions could allow the observation of a phase transition from hadronic matter towards a new state of deconfined quark-gluon plasma matter.
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Meng, Xiadong. "Surface magneto-optic Kerr effect of NiCoCu multilayers." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22775.
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A phenomenological theory of magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) is presented to illustrate the connection between the magnetization and the polarization of light reflection in an isotropic medium. An apparatus measuring the MOKE of magnetic medium was designed and constructed. The surface magneto-optic Kerr effect (SMOKE) of a magnetic multilayer is a measurement of the average magnetization of several layers within the penetration depth of the light.SMOKE measurements on a series of sputtered $ rm Ni sb{80}Co sb{20}15 A$/CU$(t sb{Cu}),$ where $t sb{Cu}$ is the thickness of Cu spacer layer, multilayers confirms that the coupling strength in these multilayers oscillates from antiferromagnetic (AF) coupling to ferromagnetic coupling as a function of Cu spacer layer thickness. Low-angle x-ray diffraction and SMOKE measurements on a series of AF-coupled $ rm (Ni sb{80}Co sb{20}15 A$/Cu20A) $ times$ N multilayers with bilayer numbers N ranging from 8 to 100 shows that cumulative interface roughness increases with increasing N, as do the saturation field and coercivity. This is possibly due to the out-of-plane anisotropy associated with cumulative interface roughness in multilayers.
An AF-coupled $ rm (Ni sb{70}Co sb{30}15 A$/Cu20A) $ times$ 10 was continually annealed up to 400$ sp circ$C in several steps, and the magnetic behaviour of the sample was evaluated as a function of annealing temperatures. $ rm (Ni sb{70}Co sb{30}15 A$/CU20A/Ni$ rm sb{70}Co sb{30} A$/CU20A) $ times$ 5 multilayer was used for investigating the AF coupling between magnetic layers of unequal thicknesses. Finally, an AF-coupled $ rm (Ni sb{70}Co sb{30}15 A$/Cu20A/Ni$ rm sb{70}Co sb{30}15 A$/Cu35A) $ times$ 5 multilayer was sputtered and used to study the magnetization of an AF-coupled multilayer with two different coupling strengthes.
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Wang, Yan-Bin. "Structural and thermal study of nitrate glasses." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26178.
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The Ca$ sb{x}$K$ sb{1-x}$(NO$ sb3) sb{1+x}$ glass system has been studied by means of X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The structure of the glass system was studied in XRD experiments and from the Radial Distribution Function (RDF). A structural model for this glass system was suggested with the agreement between the RDF calculation and structure model geometric calculation. DSC studies ranged from glass transition and crystallization to melting. The activation energy for crystallization was obtained.The difficulty of handling the glass in open air was overcome by using vacuum tube to melt the sample and glove box with Ar gas to handle the glass. It is found that the handling of the samples, i.e. avoiding exposure to moisture is critical to maintaining sample quality.
For the structural studies, glasses of $ rm Ca sb{0.4}Na sb{0.6}(NO sb3) sb{1.4}, Ca sb{0.4}Rb sb{0.6}(NO sb3) sb{1.4}$ and $ rm Mg sb{0.4}K sb{0.6}(NO sb3) sb{1.4}$ were also prepared for comparison with the $ rm Ca sb{x}K sb{1-x}(NO sb3) sb{1+x}$ glasses. The same structural model applied to all of them with similar agreement.
For the DSC studies, only the $ rm Ca sb{x}K sb{1-x}(NO sb3) sb{1+x}$ glasses were used. The relation between increase of glass transition temperature $T sb{g}$ and that of divalent cation concentration is linear. It was observed that unlike the metallic glass system, the crystallization activation energies do not change with the glass composition. We also observed the irreversible relaxation effect in this glass system and the effect of supercooling in the DSC to form the glass.
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Jürgenson, Loki Michael. "Simulation studies of cubic crystal interfaces : instabilities and transitions." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39776.
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We study the behavior of a simple cubic crystal interface through the analysis and simulation of the Ising model in three dimensions; we use an algorithm which permits local temperature variations by emulating thermal diffusion. We derive a description of the interface based on the thermal fluctuation population at equilibrium and then use it to identify the equilibrium and dynamic roughening transitions observed under a variety of circumstances including a planar interface at equilibrium, a metastable bulk inclusion, an evaporating inclusion and a planar interface in the presence of a driving force. We also study strongly driven interfaces which exhibit an instability and pattern formation behaviour known as the Mullins-Sekerka instability. We use a special two-dimensional version of the simulation model to examine the linear growth of unstable modes of a driven interface; we compare our simulation data to theoretical predictions for the cases of an unstable flat interface and circular disk interface. Returning to the fully three-dimensional code, we present simulation data of late-time dendrites growth, including an analysis of the information available in the thermal fields. We also show that, at low temperatures, the tips of dendrites are facetted and demonstrate a response to the driving force which is consistent with the dynamic roughening transition.
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Morin, Bertrand. "Kinetics of quenches." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41218.
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Order-disorder transitions have been studied for many years. The great number of experiments done on binary alloys makes condensed matter physics very appealing since it allows theory and experiment to progress side by side.Using field theoretic methods, we study many aspects of physical systems such as binary alloys, which are taken out of thermodynamic equilibrium. In the introduction, an expose of basic notions is given. In the second chapter, we review an analytical method describing phase separation processes resulting from a critical quench. Physically, the latter phenomena could represent an initially disordered binary alloy, in which, following a drop in temperature, the atoms spontaneously order into a crystalline lattice. We will then study the effect a conserved field has on the kinetics of phase separation. This conserved field represents the local concentration of atoms of the alloy. In Chapter 4, we describe a theory formulated to explain some non-trivial relaxation of the structure factor seen experimentally for an initially ordered system suddenly cooled. Finally, we propose a theoretical model describing polymorphous crystallization. The model is studied via computer simulations. The results so obtained are compared to the experiment.
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Makuc, Boris. "Photoluminescence of ZnSe grown by MOVPE." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61819.
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