Academic literature on the topic 'Mauritius, history'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mauritius, history"
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Parnell, John A. N., Q. Cronk, P. Wyse Jackson, and W. Strahm. "A study of the ecological history, vegetation and conservation management of Ile aux Aigrettes, Mauritius." Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, no. 4 (November 1989): 355–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400003825.
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ABSTRACTMuch of the unique native vegetation of Mauritius has been destroyed. Coastal ebony (Diospyros egrettarum I.B.K. Richardson) forest forms an extreme type of Mauritian lowland forest which no longer exists on mainland Mauritius and only survives on one offshore islet, Ile aux Aigrettes. Undisturbed D. egrettarum forest is resistant to invasion by exotic plants, which have now invaded most relict patches of native lowland vegetation in Mauritius. Human disturbance however, has allowed many exotics (particularly Flacourtia indica (Burm. fil.) Merrill) to invade and form new vegetation types. Much of the disturbance was caused by illegal woodcutting up to 1985, prompted by an acute fuelwood shortage in Mauritius. On the basis of 132 4 X 4 m quadrats, we recognize 10 types of natural, semi-natural and exotic vegeta-tion. The conservation of the remaining natural ebony woodland vegetation requires the total cessation of woodcutting and the eradication of Tabebuia pallida (Lindl.) Miers (potentially the most damaging exotic species).
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Bräutigam, Deborah. "Mauritius." Current History 98, no. 628 (May 1, 1999): 228–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.1999.98.628.228.
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Vasilyeva, L. A. "Indo-Maritius Muslims: genesis of their Religious Identity." Minbar. Islamic Studies 12, no. 1 (June 4, 2019): 78–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2019-12-1-78-94.
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The paper focuses on the Indo-Mauritian Muslim Community, which plays an important role in the social and political life of the island state. The paper deals with the revival of the Urdu language spoken by the Indo-Mauritian Muslims who had almost lost the “ancestral tongue” in the process of adaptation to the Mauritius` multi-ethnic and multi- religious society through the eighteenth – nineteenth century. The study reconstructs a brief history of the Urdu-speaking Indian Muslims` migration to Mauritius and their partial assimilation with the local society. The Muslim migrants accepted the local Creole language and some elements of their culture but remained loyal to their religion and traditional Muslim values. The author makes a special emphasis upon the means of revival and development of Urdu language and the formation of the Mauritian Urdu Literature. The Urdu language today is a tool of self-identification of Indo-Mauritian Muslims and primary marker of their religious identity as well.
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Gungadeen, Sanjiv, Megan Paull, and David Holloway. "Partisanship and organisational change in Mauritius." Journal of Organizational Change Management 31, no. 3 (May 14, 2018): 656–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-06-2016-0117.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report on a study of change management practices in private sector organisations in the small island economy of Mauritius. Design/methodology/approach Interviews were conducted with key decision makers and individuals who had experienced the organisational change process in three private organisations from different sectors in Mauritius: a bank, a hotel and a privatised state-owned enterprise. A grounded theory approach was employed to establish the key dimensions of organisational change in this setting. Findings Organisational change is a multi-dimensional, multi-directional and evolutionary process strongly influenced by the contextual and historical aspects of the country. The emerging key elements of change identified in the data confirmed a range of dimensions evident in the extant literature, but also identified a largely unacknowledged factor, considered to be central to the change process in Mauritian organisations. This emerging factor was identified as partisanship. Originality/value This study served to confirm six dimensions evident in the extant literature on organisational change: organisational structure, organisational culture, leadership processes, individuals, knowledge management and resistance to change. A seventh dimension, and heretofore largely unacknowledged factor, considered to be central to the change process in Mauritian organisations was also identified: partisanship. The study identified this emerging key dimension as having a pervasive influence. History, culture and context have served to embed this dimension in Mauritian organisations. Evidence is presented to illustrate how the process of organisational change is undertaken in Mauritius, and identify the role of partisanship. This has the potential to be applied to other small island economies with similar historical, cultural or contextual features.
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Pyndiah, Gitanjali. "Decolonizing Creole on the Mauritius islands: Creative practices in Mauritian Creole." Island Studies Journal 11, no. 2 (2016): 485–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.363.
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Many Caribbean and Indian Ocean islands have a common history of French and British colonization, where a Creole language developed from the contact of different colonial and African/ Indian languages. In the process, African languages died, making place for a language which retained close lexical links to the colonizer’s tongue. This paper presents the case of Mauritian Creole, a language that emerged out of a colonial context and which is now the mother tongue of 70% of Mauritians, across different ethnic and linguistic backgrounds. It pinpoints the residual colonial ideologies in the language and looks at some creative practices, focusing on its oral and scribal aspects, to formulate a ‘decolonial aesthetics’ (Mignolo, 2009). In stressing the séga angazé (protest songs) and poetry in Mauritian Creole in the history of resistance to colonization, it argues that the language is, potentially, a carrier of decolonial knowledges.
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Greig, Alastair, Mark Turner, and Paul D'Arcy. "The Fragility of Success: Repositioning Mauritian Development in the Twenty-First Century." Island Studies Journal 6, no. 1 (2011): 157–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.255.
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Mauritius is often considered a ‘success story’ to be read for salutary purposes by other small island developing states (SIDS). While it does share broadly similar attributes with many other SIDS, and acts in unison with other SIDS in international fora, local histories, cultures, geography and location invariably lead to significant differences in developmental trajectories. This paper presents an assessment of Mauritian history in order to explore the contemporary threats and opportunities that face the island in its contemporary quest to transform the island into Maurice Ȋle Durable. Rather than offering Mauritius as a guide to other SIDS, it presents a useful case study of the tension between establishing social equity and carving out a functional role within the global economy.
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Stein, Peter. "The English Language in Mauritius." English World-Wide 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 65–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.18.1.04ste.
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Mauritius was a British colony for almost 200 years, but except in the domains of administration and teaching, the English language was never really spoken on the island. This article traces its local history and its failure to establish itself as a replacement for French (and perhaps also the French-based creole) during the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. English is still the official language of Mauritius, but a large proportion of the population does not speak it at all or has at best a very limited knowledge of it. Nonetheless, no other language spoken on the island presents itself as a viable alternative. The historical overview and the discussion of the present situation are complemented by an analysis of the language tables taken from the population censuses of 1931 to 1990 and some data from an inquiry made by the author in the mid-seventies. To complete the study, the English influence on French and Creole is shown, and three specimens of Mauritian English as spoken by young people are given and commented on.
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Mujuzi, Jamil Ddamulira. "The Evolution of the Meaning(s) of Penal Servitude for Life (Life Imprisonment) in Mauritius: The Human Rights and Jurisprudential Challenges Confronted So Far and Those Ahead." Journal of African Law 53, no. 2 (September 18, 2009): 222–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855309990040.
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AbstractThis article analyses the history of the various meanings and interpretations of the sentence of penal servitude for life in Mauritius, the human rights implications, and the likely challenges that courts will confront in interpreting new legislation. The Privy Council held in 2008 that a mandatory sentence of penal servitude for life was arbitrary and disproportionate because it violated the right to a fair trial under the constitution. However, the article argues that the Privy Council should also have found that penal servitude for life, where the offender is to be detained for the rest of his life, violates the prisoner's right not to be subjected to inhuman punishment under the constitution, as well as violating Mauritius's international human rights obligations. It recommends that Mauritian courts consult South African jurisprudence when interpreting what amount to substantial and compelling circumstances under the 2007 Criminal Procedure (Amendment) Act.
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Bridge, John W. "Judicial Review in Mauritius and the Continuing Influence of English Law." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 46, no. 4 (October 1997): 787–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589300061212.
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The law and legal system of Mauritius are an unusual hybrid and a remarkable instance of comparative law in action. As a consequence of its history, as an overseas possession of France from 1715 to 1810 and as a British colony from 1814 until it achieved independence within the Commonwealth in 1968, its law and legal system reflect the legal traditions of both its former colonial rulers. In general terms, Mauritian private law is based on the French Code Civil while public law and commercial law are based on English law: an example of what has recently been labelled a “bi-systemic legal system”. The Constitution, a version of the Westminster export model, was originally monarchical. It was amended in 1991 and Mauritius became a republic within the Commonwealth in 1992.
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Ballhatchet, Kenneth. "The structure of British official attitudes: colonial Mauritius, 1883–1968." Historical Journal 38, no. 4 (December 1995): 989–1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00020537.
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ABSTRACTThis article seeks to demonstrate the structure of attitudes in British colonial officialdom through a case study of Mauritius from the governorship of Sir John Pope Hennessy to decolonization. It suggests that officials consistently saw Mauritians as a whole as ‘the Others’, while seeking both to divide and rule them – into an émigré French elite left over from the French colonial period at the time of British conquest (1810), a Creole community, and an Indian community – without assimilating them; and to suspect each in turn of disloyalty and treachery. By a grim irony, many of the governors and their officials were suspected by the colonial office of joining the Others. This is thus a story of an adaptable imperial paranoia.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mauritius, history"
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Wong, Kong Luong Sheila Piin Kiow. "The history and practice of English studies in Mauritian schools." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313540.
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Hills, Laura. "Literacy and the vernacular : a case study based on the post-colonial history of Mauritius, with particular reference to Mauritian Creole." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6454.
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This thesis examines the process of the literization of the vernacular, and seeks to establish the island of Mauritius as a case study of this process. The concept of literization equates standardization of the vernacular with its use as a written language. Four issues are established as central to this process: ideological, educational, sociocultural and technical. The thesis investigates the particular sociolinguistic situation of Mauritius, and examines each of these issues in relation to Mauritian Creole. It demonstrates the role that Mauritian Creole plays in Mauritian society, and how, since independence, issues relating to ideology, education, and the cultural and technical aspects of standardization, have been involved in the promotion of the language. The interaction between these issues is apparent throughout the thesis, and manifested in the work of Ledikasyon pu Travayer (LPT), the only organization in Mauritius to provide literacy tuition in Mauritian Creole. The thesis seeks to show that their unified approach to literacy, standardization, and the promotion of Mauritian Creole exemplifies the issues involved, and provides the best basis for the establishment of Mauritian Creole as a standard language. The analysis of the situation in Mauritius within the framework of wider issues of the literization of the vernacular permits a comparison to other former colonies facing problems of language choice, and places these issues within the wider sociolinguistic context of standardization.
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Grove, R. "Conservation and colonial expansion : a study of the evolution of environmental attitudes and conservation policies on St. Helena, Mauritius and in India, 1660-1860." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272256.
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The approach adopted in this thesis is essentially chronological. The first chapter aims to provide a fairly superficial survey of the development of European perceptions of the environment in the early phases of mercantilist expansion, before much in the way of colonial settlement was undertaken. It highlights the connections between expansion and changes in perception with regard to the symbolic importance of islands, botanic gardens and early state responses to timber shortage. It also draws attention to the importance of medical perceptions of the extra-European environment. In the second chapter a comparison is drawn between Dutch and English approaches to the tropical environment in the early years of expansion. Considerable space is devoted to the case of St Helena. This is because it was the first location in which European colonists first acquired a notion of the full environmental implications of their rule and for which detailed documentary evidence is available. The story of the developing ecological crisis on St Helena emphasises how inadequate European precedents were in the encounter between the early colonial state and the tropical environment. It demonstrates, too, the early divergence in perceptions between colonists and the metropolitan power. Early attempts at counteracting the process of ecological deterioration on St Helena underlined the contradictions between the European image of the tropical island and the reality of capital investment in plantation agriculture and 'improvement'. The experience of St Helena was also important in a longer-term way. Many scientists important in the later development of conservation ideas in other parts of the world were specifically influenced by their knowledge of the problematic history of land-use on St Helena and the attempts made there to impede ecological degradation. These included Alexander Beatson, J.R. Forster, Joseph Hooker, F.A. Dalzell and G.P. Marsh. In the third chapter much attention is devoted to the history of eighteenth century Mauritius, partly for comparative purposes and partly to emphasise the attitude of the French state to scientific information and its greater readiness to intervene in environmental matters. The development of an environmental consciousness on Mauritius was significant both as a phenomenon on its own and because of the example which it set. The role of the colonial government naturalist was pioneered there. Concepts of species extinction also emerged clearly, for the first time, on Mauritius and the island also saw the emergence of a legislative conservation policy rooted in a desiccation theory which linked deforestation and soil erosion to hydrological and climatic conditions. Notions of environmental moral economy and the significance of the tropical island are also explored in the chapter, in the context of the emergence of pre-Revolutionary radicalism, Physiocracy and early Romantic thinking. Chapter Four attempts to deal in some depth with the intellectual background to the early nineteenth century response of the British to ecological change in India. The importance of German science and a German 'romanticist' critique of ecological change is outlined and some emphasis is given to the emergence of a 'global' approach to the interactions between people (especially Europeans) and the environment. In particular the significance of the intellectual links between the Cook Voyages and the careers of J.R. Forster, Sir Joseph Banks and Alexander Von Humboldt is stressed. A beginning is also made in the task of surveying the way in which German professional naturalists and doctors deliberately sought out British colonial employ, a phenomenon that was to be important in the emergence of state conservation in India, the Cape, Australia and in other colonies. The chapter makes clear the continuing importance of small island environments during the nineteenth century in stimulating an awareness of environmental vulnerability, particularly for Alexander Beatson, William Burchell and J.B. Boussingault.
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Chacowry, Anoradha. "Community recovery and resilience building in the aftermath of flood hazards in the small island developing state of Mauritius." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2014. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/2491/.
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At the global level, a noticeable rise has been observed in the adverse impact of an increasing number of hazards, in particular floods, on society. This condition has brought into greater focus the issues of vulnerability, environmental justice and resilience in the recovery of community groups. In Mauritius, economic development, growth in population and intensive land use have resulted in greater human use-environment interaction with accompanying increase in flood conditions and the vulnerability of inhabitants exposed to flood risk. Traditional top-down hazard risk reduction strategies have not been very effective in reducing vulnerability or in promoting resilience of affected communities as they are often left to fend for themselves immediately after the emergency and relief stage of the recovery process. Using three case studies, this thesis explored the perception of the affected communities in building resilience to recover in the aftermath of flood hazards. Mixed methods of collecting and analysing data using both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used. They provided a comprehensive way of gathering information from households, agency stakeholders and secondary sources. The data were analysed and the results assessed through the lens of the overarching concept of community resilience that encompasses six types of resilience. This new approach provided a holistic perspective in exploring factors that influence the building of community resilience and the realisation of long-term recovery and rehabilitation. Findings from this study showed evidence of social inequity and environmental injustice mostly among the low income groups in all the three case studies. Evaluation of results revealed a number of factors that were gradually increasing their level of vulnerability and adversely impacting on their resilience. In order to achieve recovery and community resilience, the various types of resilience needed to be reinforced. It was found that social networking and a combination of local knowledge with that of experts, through community participation in decision making, were crucial in reinforcing community resilience. Based on the research findings, an integrated framework for disaster risk reduction management (IFDRRM) was developed. The framework could be applicable in defining policy options and implementation strategies in Mauritius and possibly in other Small Islands Developing States (SIDS) with similar challenges.
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Moorghen, Rooba Yanembal. "Institutionalization of impact evaluation : opportunities and challenges in the Mauritian Civil Service." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7560/.
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This study explores the opportunities and challenges surrounding the institutionalization of Impact Evaluation as a policy instrument in Mauritius’ Civil Service. Although there has been continuous expansion of evaluation practice around the world since the 1920s, in many countries, particularly in the developing world, not much progress have been made by developing countries to adopt evaluation into their approach to governance and policy-making. Thus, this study examines the role that evaluation and impact evaluation might play in the wider context and processes of government using the Civil Service of Mauritius as a case study. The research examines the perceived importance of evaluation to the policy-making process within the Mauritian Civil Service, the role ‘impact evaluation’ plays in practice within the Mauritian Civil Service, and the challenges that present themselves while seeking to institutionalize impact evaluation within this context. Data were collected using a triangulated approach: interviews provided the main sources of evidence and were conducted with Ministers, former Ministers, Permanent Secretaries, Senior Chief Executives, Heads of Departments from the public, private sector, academic and Research Institutions Trade Unions and Consumer Associations, Development partners based in Mauritius. This data was supplemented with informal discussions and a document analysis. The findings were analysed using a conceptual framework blending policy Evaluation performance cycle, the Advocacy Coalition Framework and the demand and supply framework as a theoretical lens. The key findings are that policy evaluation including impact evaluation, is indeed potentially valuable and important at any stage of a policy’s life cycle. However, political economy of a country, insufficient technical capacity, the limitations of public officials, and funding are potential constraints. The thesis has implications for developing countries, in particular small island developing states. The findings raise several issues to assist policy makers and practitioners and could contribute to future developments of the Advocacy Coalition Framework.
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Buzenot, Laurence. "Industrialisation, zone franche et développement socio-spatial dans les espaces insulaires. Les cas des îles de la Caraïbe et de l'île Maurice." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00858568.
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Les îles indépendantes de la Caraïbe et l'île Maurice dans le sud-ouest de l'océan Indien se sont lancées dans le développement pour réduire les risques liés à l'économie de plantation. Notre interrogation porte sur l'industrialisation. Quelles grandes politiques ont été mises en œuvre pour l'industrialisation ? Quels types d'industries trouvons-nous ? Dans quelles conditions peuvent-elles s'implanter ? Quels sont les impacts sur le développement socio-spatial ? La réflexion porte sur l'industrialisation : d'abord de substitution aux importations puis extravertie. Dans le cadre de cette dernière politique se sont développées les zones franches industrielles d'exportation. Ce qui explique l'analyse sur le concept de zone franche et les conditions de leur émergence dans un environnement économique protégé (1ère partie). L'étude comparée de l'île Maurice et de la République dominicaine met en exergue les dynamiques spatiales des zones franches, dynamiques largement dépendantes des possibilités d'implantation des unités d'assemblage. L'arrivée des industries délocalisées a un impact sur les organisations sociales, économiques et spatiales. De nouvelles classes sociales ont vu le jour. La zone franche mauricienne est devenue un district industriel tandis que les zones franches dominicaines - des enclaves économiques - ont des dynamismes fondamentalement différents. La multiplication des unités d'assemblage sur le territoire mauricien et des enclaves en République dominicaine aboutit à des modèles de l'expansion spatiale de l'espace industriel dont le moteur est la synergie générée par le système des acteurs (2ème partie). Le démantèlement des accords commerciaux sur le textile et l'habillement - principaux secteurs opérant dans ces zones - amène de nouvelles réponses locales comme la prise en compte du rôle des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises dans le développement territorial. L'impact des zones franches dans les sociétés conduit à l'étude de la culture ouvrière. Qu'en est-il de la culture ouvrière ? Enfin, rendre moins vulnérable un système économique spécialisé passe par la promotion des trois piliers du développement durable et la diversification des activités (3ème partie).
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Venkaya-Reichert, Sandra Danielle Brinda. "La franc-maçonnerie à l'Ile Maurice de 1778 à 1915 : entre influences françaises et britanniques, la construction d'une identité mauricienne." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30012/document.
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Cette thèse étudiera la franc-maçonnerie de traditions européennes qui se transforma au cœur des périodes colonisatrices française et britannique de 1778 à 1915. Les loges du Grand Orient de France qui s’implantèrent, sous la colonisation française de l’Isle de France, à la fin du XVIIIe siècle furent des pionnières de la maçonnerie dans un pays qui vécut, simultanément, une nouvelle période de colonisation britannique, à partir de 1810, et des changements drastiques aux niveaux démographique, socio-économique, ethnique et politique. Le fait maçonnique ne put que changer intrinsèquement dans le contexte insulaire multiculturel alors que la colonie, n’ayant pas de peuples autochtones, devint le terreau d’une multitude de traditions européennes, africaines et asiatiques. La maçonnerie locale acquit, grâce aux échanges entre les loges françaises et les nouvelles obédiences qui s’implantèrent (la Grande Loge Unie d’Angleterre, la Grande Loge d’Ecosse, la Grande Loge d’Irlande et le Suprême Conseil de France), une identité insulaire et mauricienne. Cette thèse montrera comment l’institution maçonnique mit en exergue la possibilité de construire une cohésion et un espace de partage à certains moments-clés de l’histoire du pays. Cependant, les loges françaises et britanniques eurent à faire face aux grands défis socio-politiques, économiques et religieux du XIXe siècle et du début du XXe siècle. En effet, les maçons furent aussi en proie aux divisions et conflits liés au multiculturalisme et à la pluriethnicité de la société coloniale. Cette thèse démontrera, en l’occurrence, comment la franc-maçonnerie de plusieurs obédiences développa des fonctionnements et des traditions influencés par le contexte et put maintenir un œcuménisme malgré les difficultés. Pourtant, la fin du XXe siècle entraîna les loges dans des divergences religieuses, idéologiques et institutionnelles et certains éléments, qui firent du laboratoire maçonnique mauricien un exemple des valeurs universelles et de la fraternité internationale, devinrent les sources mêmes de divisionsThis thesis will study freemasonry coming from European cultures which was transformed in the midst of French and British colonising periods from 1778 to 1915. The Grand Orient de France lodges, which settled under the French colonising regime of Isle de France at the end of the 18th century, introduced freemasonry in a country which underwent, simultaneously, a new British colonising era, as from 1810, and deep changes on the demographic, socio-economic, ethnic and political levels. Freemasonry could not but profoundly change in this insular multicultural context as the colony, which did not have any indigenous population, became the melting pot of various European, African and Asian traditions. Local freemasonry acquired, owing to the relations of the French lodges with the different lodges which were created (of the United Grand Lodge of England, the Grand Lodge of Scotland, the Grand Lodge of Ireland and the Suprême Conseil de France), an insular and Mauritian identity. This thesis will show how the Craft enabled cohesion and provided a place for sharing at some milestones in the history of the country. However, the French and British lodges had to face the grand socio-political, economic and religious challenges of the 19th century. In fact, the freemasons had also to experience the divisions and conflicts induced by the multicultural and multi-ethnic colonial society. Therefore, this thesis will to show how freemasonry from different grand lodges developed practices and traditions influenced by the context and were able to uphold ecumenism in spite of the obstacles. However, the lodges got caught into religious, ideological and institutional conflicts at the end of the 19th century and some components, which made of the Mauritian masonic laboratory an example of universal values and international fraternalism, eroded
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Françozo, Mariana de Campos. "De Olinda a Olanda : Johan Maurits van Nassau e a circulação de objetos e saberes no Atlantico holandes (seculo XVII)." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280434.
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Orientador: John Manuel MonteiroTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T14:35:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Francozo_MarianadeCampos_D.pdf: 5174065 bytes, checksum: eb8f4dcfb94f8dc979d760f8f875af65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Esta tese trata da circulação de pessoas, objetos e saberes entre a América Portuguesa e os Países Baixos durante o século XVII. O problema que se procura entender é o processo de formação de um conjunto de conhecimento sobre o Novo Mundo na Holanda seiscentista. Iniciado já no século XVI, quando mercadores flamengos e holandeses faziam comércio nas costas da América Portuguesa, este processo ganhou enorme impulso a partir do estabelecimento da colônia holandesa no nordeste do Brasil em 1630. Para entender como os encontros coloniais e as trocas de objetos naquele período geraram um conjunto de saberes coloniais, tomamos como objeto de estudo a coleção de curiosidades do conde Johan Maurits van Nassau-Siegen (1604-1679), que foi governador do Brasil holandês entre 1637 e 1644. Neste período, Nassau montou uma coleção particular que incluía espécies naturais, artefatos e representações visuais da natureza, paisagem e dos habitantes da colônia. Buscou-se, desta forma, identificar quais objetos faziam parte da coleção, descobrir como Nassau os adquiriu e, mais importante, entender qual sentido e quais usos ele dava a ela. As fontes utilizadas foram os próprios objetos que fizeram parte da coleção nassoviana e que hoje ainda existem e estão dispersos por museus e bibliotecas européias, bem como livros publicados na Holanda sobre o Novo Mundo; diários e relatos de pessoas que estiveram no Brasil a serviço de Nassau ou da Companhia das Índias Ocidentais; correspondência e relatos de membros da corte holandesa. As conclusões desta tese dizem respeito à maneira como o conde de Nassau construiu sua carreira política na Europa depois e a partir de sua experiência no Brasil, assim como à natureza dinâmica da construção dos saberes coloniais, compostos por camadas de experiências dos mais diversos sujeitos.
Abstract: The theme of this dissertation is the circulation of people, objects and knowledge between Portuguese America and The Netherlands in the seventeenth century. Its aim is to understand how knowledge about the New World was assembled in seventeenth century Holland. This process of assembling colonial knowledge had already begun in the sixteenth century, when Flemish and Dutch merchants traded sugar and other goods in South American coasts. It gained momentum, however, after the establishment of a Dutch colony in the northeastern coast of Brazil in 1630. In order to understand how the colonial encounters and the exchange of objects helped to create and shape Dutch knowledge about the New World, this dissertation presents an analysis of the collection of curiosities owned by count Johan Maurits van Nassau-Siegen (1604-1679), who was governor-general to the Dutch colony in Brazil between 1637 and 1644. In that period, Nassau assembled a private collection that included natural species, artifacts, and visual representations of the colony's natural world, landscape, and inhabitants. Therefore, in this dissertation we attempted to identify, as far as possible, which objects composed the collection, how Nassau acquired them and, more importantly, the meanings and usages ascribed to the count's collection. This research relied on the remaining objects that comprised Nassau's collection, which are today scattered in European museums and libraries. Likewise, books about the New World published in Holland; journals and reports written by people who were in Brazil in the service of Nassau or of the Dutch West India Company; and correspondence and narratives by members of the Dutch court were used as sources. The conclusions presented in this dissertation refer to the way through which Nassau conducted his political carrier in Europe after and because of his experience in Brazil, as well as to the dynamic nature of the construction of colonial knowledge, composed of layers of experiences.
Doutorado
Antropologia
Doutor em Ciências Sociais
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Pirbhai, Jetha Neelam Fatmah. "Imitation et invention dans les nouvelles et contes mauriciens : du XIXe siècle jusqu'à l'indépendance." Thesis, La Réunion, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LARE0018.
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Cette thèse porte sur la littérature mauricienne (contes et nouvelles) d'expression française dès son début jusqu’à l'indépendance. L'île Maurice a connu une double colonisation importante : la colonisation française de 1715 à 1810 et la colonisation britannique de 1810 à 1968. Ces bouleversements politiques, en particulier, la reprise de l'île par les Anglais, ont donné un essor à la littérature mauricienne. Cependant, de nos jours, cette littérature est souvent oubliée ou perçue comme une suite d'imitation. En effet, à l'époque, les écrivains puisaient souvent leurs idées des oeuvres et des mouvements littéraires européens. Toutefois, vers les années 1940, une innovation est notée dans l'écriture et la thématique des oeuvres mauriciennes. Notre étude examine ainsi l'évolution dans les nouvelles et contes mauriciens, car l'invention y estThis thesis analyses short stories of Mauritius in the French language during the colonial period. In fact, Mauritius has been colonised by the French from 1715 till 1810, and by the British from 1810 till 1968, in which year it gained its independence. These political upheavals had an impact on the literary works of that time, works which are nowadays forgotten and have often been accused of being a literature of imitation. However, in the 1940s, innovative ideas started to crop up and changes in the writings and themes are observed. This study therefore illustrates the evolution and invention in Mauritian writings especially in its short stories
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Hélias, Frédérique. "La poésie réunionnaise et mauricienne d'expression créole : histoire et formes." Thesis, La Réunion, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LARE0008.
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Cette thèse porte sur l'histoire et les formes de la poésie en langue créole à La Réunion et à Maurice. Elle propose de faire le point sur l'émergence, l'élaboration, la circulation et la réception d'un genre littéraire polymorphe qui occupe une place essentielle dans les productions artistiques des territoires créoles. L'objectif est de caractériser les rapports qu'entretiennent des poèmes considérés comme novateurs avec les sociétés, fondamentalement travaillées par des processus de créolisations (linguistique, littéraire, culturelle), qui les produisent. Afin d'observer le passage à l'écriture littéraire en langue créole, des origines à aujourd'hui, les formes poétiques – qu'elles soient thématiques, énonciatives, formelles, discursives ou encore intertextuelles – sont systématiquement replacées dans leurs mouvements historiques et dans leurs contextes d'énonciation. Face à des productions qui manipulent des références et des filiations en prise directe sur leurs espaces insulaires et sur leurs pratiques anthropologiques, les notions, ailleurs courantes, de poème, de poète, d'écriture et de lecteur demandent, parce qu'elles sont chargées, dans les faits, d'autres dynamiques, à être redéfiniesThis thesis examines the history and types of creole poetry in La Reunion and Mauritius. It proposes to summarise the emergence, elaboration, circulation and reception of a type of a polymorphous literary type which plays a vital role in the artistic creativity of the creole islands. The objective is to establish a link between those poems, regarded as innovative, and the nations (La Reunion and Mauritius) in which they are written. These nations are fundamentally shaped by this process of ‘Creolization’. In order to observe the transition to literary writing in creole, from its origins to today, the poetic forms whether thematic, enunciatively, formal, discursive or intertextual, are systematically placed in their historical and enunciative context. With works that manipulate references and links to their own island and their anthropological practice, the concepts, otherwise common, of poem, poet, writing and reader need other dynamics to be redefined
Books on the topic "Mauritius, history"
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1935-, Paliwal B. B., and Rāmaśaraṇa Prahlāda 1937-, eds. History of Mauritius. New Delhi: Star Publications, 2012.
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Teelock, Vijaya. T'Eylandt Mauritius: A history of the Dutch in Mauritius. [Mauritius: s.n.], 1998.
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editor, Rāmaśaraṇa Prahlāda 1937, ed. Hindu Mauritius. New Delhi: Star Publications Pvt. Ltd., 2012.
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Addison, John. A new history of Mauritius. Stanley, Rose-Hill, Mauritius: Editions de l'océan Indien, 1993.
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Beejadhur, Aunauth. Indians in Mauritius. Quatre Bornes, Mauritius: Pandit Ramlakhan Gossagne Publications, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Mauritius, history"
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Barker, Anthony J. "Introduction: History and Historiography." In Slavery and Antislavery in Mauritius, 1810–33, 1–15. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24999-2_1.
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Toth, Ferenc L. "From No-Man’s-Land to a Congested Paradise: An Environmental History of Mauritius." In Population — Development — Environment, 99–120. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03061-5_5.
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Gest, Justin. "Where We Belong." In Majority Minority, 173–97. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197641798.003.0007.
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This chapter examines the case of Mauritius. After arriving as slaves imported by Dutch colonists in 1641, African-origin Creoles accounted for three-quarters of Mauritius’s population until the 1820s. Over nearly two centuries of slavery, fugitives persistently established maroon settlements in Mauritius’s forbidding woodlands. When the British finally emancipated slaves in 1834, Mauritius recruited indentured laborers from India, who swiftly outnumbered people of African origin and came to define the island. Outnumbered before they could claim independence or nationhood, Creoles now embrace the legacy of maroons’ defiance as their claim to sovereignty over an island they never did rule. This chapter examines the segregated history of social relations in Mauritius, exploring how Creole identity is understood in two maroon villages, Le Morne and Chamarel—rare symbols of Creole self-determination in an Indian-dominated country.
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Szkonter-Bochniak, Anna. "La post-mémoire et le problème de l’identité nationale et individuelle présentés dans la littérature mauricienne contemporaine d’expression française." In L’art de vivre, de survivre, de revivre. Approches littéraires. Le 50e anniversaire des études romanes à l’Université de Łódź. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/8220-877-1.20.
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In the article the author analyses the influence of post-memory in the formation of national and individual identity among the inhabitants of the young Republic of Mauritius presented in contemporary Mauritian literature in French. Important and at the same time tragic historical events of Mauritius are: slavery, the arrival and labour of indentured workers from India and the tragedy of the Chagos Islanders. The author analyses some texts by Ananda Devi and Shenaz Patel in which both writers describe the impact of ancestral history on the lives of characters representing the next generation from different ethnic groups living on the island. In her analysis, the author refers to the works of Marianne Hirsch, Paul Ricoeur and Alex Mucchielli.
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"2. The Library of Robert Farquhar on Mauritius." In David Griffiths and the Missionary "History of Madagascar", 935–37. BRILL, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004195189_045.
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Gopaul, Asrani, Corine Saupin, and Fabiola Ramsamy. "HISTORY OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND SOCIAL WORK IN MAURITIUS." In Social Welfare and Social Work in Southern Africa, 123–48. African Sun Media, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1smjn9r.16.
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Gopaul, Asrani, Corine Saupin, and Fabiola Ramsamy. "History of Social Welfare and Social Work in Mauritius." In Social Welfare and Social Work in Southern Africa, 123–47. African Sun Media, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18820/9781928480778/06.
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Boswell, Rosabelle. "Unstable Foundations?" In Heritage at the Interface. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056579.003.0011.
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This chapter considers the legacy of grand narrative thinking in Mauritius, insofar as heritage management is concerned. Mauritius, an island of the southwest Indian Ocean, has a long history of colonization and marginalization. Thus the experience of heritage and heritage management there is valuable to global discussions on heritage “at the interface,” because the place provides examples of the intersection between a globalized and grand narrative of heritage management and a rapidly evolving, multicultural, and unstable space in which identity is continuously being constructed.
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"THE TORTURE OF SLAVES IN THE WEST INDIES, MAURITIUS AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA." In The History Of Torture, 161–75. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203039878-17.
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Mikel-Arieli, Roni. "Jewish Deportees in Mauritius (1940–1945): A History from the Margins." In Colonial Paradigms of Violence, 279–88. Wallstein Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783835348776-279.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Mauritius, history"
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Yinko, J. L. "Historical development of the telephone in Mauritius." In IET History of Technology Network 36th Annual Weekend Meeting. IET, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2009.1245.
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Ramsamy-Iranah, Sabrina, Santaram Venkannah, Deepa Gokulsing, Vishwanath Pooneeth, and Yovesh Bhiwoo. "Understanding the Mauritian Kitchen History Through Primary and Secondary Sources." In – The European Conference on Arts & Humanities 2020. The International Academic Forum(IAFOR), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22492/issn.2188-1111.2020.9.
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Serafini, Lucia. "Castelli e borghi fortificati nell’Appennino centrale d’Italia. Storia e conservazione." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11364.
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Castles and fortified villages in the central Apennines of Italy. History and conservationThe areas of the central Apennines of Italy constitute a particularly interesting research laboratory with its perched towns and its castles. Here there is a close link between the quantity of fortifications and the prevailing mountainous terrain. This has fixed in the history of the places a condition of correspondence that acts as a counterpoint to all its culture, from the economy to the costumes to the forms of the settlement. The inhabited centers also managed to guard the territory, like the numerous castles built during the Middle Ages close to rocky and harsh slopes. This because they are located in places that due to the altitude were naturally fortified, but which at supplement were enhanced with closed and compact building fabrics. The fortified villages have often elicited, with their walled houses and the steep and narrow streets, the representations of travelers-artists from the nineteenth century like the Dutchman Maurits Cornelis Escher. The purpose of this contribution is to draw attention to the reality of an architectural heritage that goes beyond the isolated episode of the feudal castle to create a network with natural and anthropic contexts of wider horizon. These are today subject to severe loss of identity due to the marginal position they often find themselves in and also to the action of the many earthquakes that have raged over time.