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Shepherd, Brent A. "Predicting Maximal Oxygen Consumption (VO2max) Levels in Adolescents." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2997.
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Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is considered by many to be the best overall measure of an individual's cardiovascular health. Collecting the measurement, however, requires subjecting an individual to prolonged periods of intense exercise until their maximal level, the point at which their body uses no additional oxygen from the air despite increased exercise intensity, is reached. Collecting VO2max data also requires expensive equipment and great subject discomfort to get accurate results. Because of this inherent difficulty, it is often avoided despite its usefulness. In this research, we propose a set of Bayesian hierarchical models to predict VO2max levels in adolescents, ages 12 through 17, using less extreme measurements. Two models are developed separately, one that uses submaximal exercise data and one that uses physical fitness questionnaire data. The best submaximal model was found to include age, gender, BMI, heart rate, rate of perceived exertion, treadmill miles per hour, and an interaction between age and heart rate. The second model, designed for those with physical limitations, uses age, gender, BMI, and two separate questionnaire results measuring physical activity levels and functional ability levels, as well as an interaction between the physical activity level score and gender. Both models use separate model variances for males and females.
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Sundquist, Pontus. "A Test-Retest Reliability Study of Cooper's Test In Adolescents Aged 16-19 Years." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-31033.
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Background: The maximum rate of oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) can be measured through numerous tests, either directly or indirectly, where direct methods are considered more accurate, whereas indirect methods are more of an estimation with various degrees of reliability. Cooper's Test is one example of an indirect method considered reliable in estimating V̇O2max, with reliability coefficients ranging between 0.897-0.960. Cooper's Test is thus a test that is often used when estimating V̇O2max. However, there is a lack of test-retest research done utilising Cooper's Test on a younger population, which is the reasoning behind this study focusing on adolescents. Aim: The aim of the study was to study the test-retest reliability of Cooper's Test, in adolescents aged 16-19 years. Methods: Twelve healthy adolescents, aged 16-19 years, attending a sports high school participated in a test-retest study (test 1 and test 2) of Cooper's Test. The tests were performed on the short sides of a synthetic grass field, with 66 metres between the two sides, were the participants were instructed to cover as much distance as possible, with high motivation and intensity, for the whole 12 minutes of the Cooper's Test. Each individual participant's data was measured, recorded and later analysed. The total distance covered was then translated into miles and compared to Cooper's original estimated maximal oxygen consumption table for an estimation of each participant's V̇O2max value in ml*kg-1*min-1 from test 1 and test 2. The data from the test-retest and its variance was then analysed by a two-way mixed model of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with an absolute agreement type. Results: The analysed data from test 1 and test 2 of Cooper's Test showed the results of an ICC (95% CI) of 0.06 (-0.353 to 0.544), indicating a substantial error variance between the two separate Cooper's Tests. Conclusion: The data and analysis from this study implied that Cooper's Test was not reliable in the study population, consisting of adolescents. Possible factors influencing the result however were lack of participant motivation and the level of intensity variance during the test-retest of Cooper's Test. Further researchers and amateur and professional users should keep these factors in mind when utilising Cooper's Test to predict V̇O2max. More research is needed within this study's age population to draw any definite conclusions on the reliability of Cooper's test on adolescents.
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Ansley, Les. "Aetiology of fatigue during maximal and supramaximal exercise." Diss., University of Cape Town, 2003. http://www.oregonpdf.org.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Cape Town, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 284-287). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.
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Can, Ozgider. "Four Weeks Of Respiratory Muscle Training Improves Intermittent Recovery Performance But Not Pulmonary Functions And Maximum Oxygen Consumption (vo2 Max) Capacity In Young Soccer Players." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612160/index.pdf.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 4 week respiratory muscle training (RMT) on intermittent recovery performance, pulmonary functions and maximum oxygen consumption capacity (Vo2max) of young soccer players. Eighteen young soccer player who were playing in the Turkey PAF League (league for candidate professional soccer players) from Hacettepe Sports Club with a mean age of 18.4 ±0.8 years (ranging from 17 to 19 years) and 8.5 ±
0.7 (ranging from 7 to 9 years) years experience in soccer participated. Players&rsquo
weekly metabolic equivalent score (MET) was 120. Their maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2max) on a treadmill, pulmonary function with a spirometer, and recovery performance with a yo-yo intermittent recovery test level 2 were measured and then they were randomly assigned into two groups as either RMT (n = 9) or control (n = 9). The RMT group continued both their regular training and RMT treatment with a commercially available powerlung sport respiratory muscle trainer (Powerlung Inc., TX, and USA) for 4 weeks. The control group only continued with their regular training. After completing 4 week RMT implementation (composed of 30 sets of inhalation, two times a day, 5 days of the week), the same tests were performed in order to see the v effects of 4 week RMT treatment on selected parameters mentioned above. Findings of this study indicated that 4 week of RMT treatment significantly improved (% 39) yo-yo intermittent recovery test level 2 performances of the RMT group from pre to post test measurements when compared to subjects in the control group. However, there were no significant improvements in both RMT and control group&rsquo
s Vo2max capacity, Vital capacity (VC), Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow (FEV1.0) and Peak expiratory flow performances (PEF). As a conclusion, 4 week of RMT implementation improves the intermittent recovery performance of young soccer players.
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Salameh, Ahlam. "Graded Exercise Stress Testing: Treadmill Protocols Comparison Of Peak Exercise Times In Cardiac Patients." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1249833172.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Sport Science and Wellness Education-Physical Education, 2009."August, 2009." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 10/7/2009) Advisor, Ronald Otterstetter; Committee members, James Rosneck, Laura Richardson; Department Chair, Victor Pinheiro; Dean of the College, Mark D. Shermis; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Beltrami, Fernando Gabe. "Beyond the VO2max plateau a new approach for measuring maximal oxygen uptake." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2744.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is typically defined by the presence of the "plateau phenomenon" during incremental exercise tests, in which O2 consumption levels-off in spite of increases in workload. This is thought to reflect a limitation in the capacity of the heart to pump O2 enriched blood to the exercising limbs. Some researchers however question not only the biological validity of the "plateau concept", based on mathematical and methodological issues, but whether O2 delivery to the exercising muscles indeed sets the upper limits for VO2max. This thesis aimed to address some of these controversies.
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Casanova, Francesco. "maximal oxygen consumption in systemic lupus erythematosus." Thesis, Bangor University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531058.
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Andersson, Nicklas. "SAMBAND MELLAN VO2MAX OCH/ELLER LAKTATTRÖSKEL OCH SKADOR INOM HERRHANDBOLL PÅ ELITNIVÅ." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28550.
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Background: The need to find the underlying causes to handball injuries and to develop injury prevention programs is great. In other sports a relationship between maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and injury have been seen. Purpose: To examine the relationship between VO2 max and/or lactate threshold and injuries in elite handball players. Methods: A prospective, non experimental correlational study was conducted. Thirty elite handball players and handball high school players were included. Injuries and test results for VO2-max, lactate threshold and potential confounders ( re-injury of the previous injury, re- injury of previous injury of the lower limb, age, BMI and legs and core strength for the high school players) were registered during the season 2014-2015. A bivariate analysis using Spearman's rank correlation calculation was conducted. Twenty-six respectively 11 of the players had data on VO2-max, respectively lactate threshold. Confounders that showed connection with injuries or injuries in the lower extremity were analyzed for the bivariate correlation with VO2-max and lactate threshold. Results: No significant correlation was found between VO2-max respectively lactate threshold and injury. Significant correlations were seen between previous injury respectively previous injury to the lower extremity and to get a re-injury. A significant correlation were seen between re-injury of a previous injury in the lower limb and VO2-max. Conclusions: Significant associations were seen between re- injury of earlier injury and between re-injury of the lower extremity and VO2-max and should therefore be considered in the clinical practice. Larger studies are needed to clarify the relationship between VO2-max and lactate threshold and injuries.Bakgrund: Behovet att hitta bakomliggande orsaker till handbollsskador för att kunna utforma skadepreventiva åtgärder är stort. I andra idrotter har ett samband mellan maximal syreupptagningsförmåga (VO2-max) och skador kunnat ses. Syfte: Att undersöka samband mellan VO2-max och/eller laktattröskelvärde och skador hos elithandbollspelare. Metod: En prospektiv icke experimentell sambandsstudie utfördes. Trettio elithandbollsspelare och handbollsgymnasiespelare inkluderades. Skador och testresultat för VO2-max och laktattröskel samt tänkbara konfounders (återskada av tidigare generell skada, återskada av tidigare skada i nedre extremitet, ålder, BMI och ben och bålstyrka för gymnasiespelarna) registrerades under matchsäsongen 2014-2015. En bivariat analys med Spearmans rangkorrelationsberäkning utfördes. Tjugosex respektive 11 av spelarna hade data på VO2-max respektive laktattröskelvärde. Konfounders som visade samband med generella skador eller skador i nedre extremiteten analyserades bivariat för samband med VO2-max och laktattröskelvärde. Resultat: Inga signifikanta samband fanns mellan VO2-max respektive laktattröskelvärde och skador. Signifikanta samband fanns för tidigare generella skador respektive tidigare skada i nedre extremiteten och att återfå densamma samt mellan återskada av tidigare skada i nedre extremiteten och VO2-max. Konklusion: Signifikanta samband fanns för återskada av tidigare skada samt mellan återskada i nedre extremiteten och VO2-max vilket bör beaktas i den kliniska vardagen. Större studier behövs för att klargöra det sambandet mellan VO2-max respektive laktattröskel och skador.
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Brink-Elfegoun, Thibault. "Limitations of maximal oxygen uptake during whole-body exercise /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/20071116brin/.
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Merry, Kevin L. "The exercise intensity at maximal oxygen uptake (iVO2max) : methodological issues, training intensitites and applications to time spent exercising at VO2max." Thesis, St Mary's University, Twickenham, 2016. http://research.stmarys.ac.uk/1102/.
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Black, Nathan E. "Development of an Exercise Test to Predict VO2max in Children and Adolescents." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1672.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of nonexercise (N-EX) data, specifically, the Perceived Functional Ability (PFA) and Physical Activity Rating (PA-R) questionnaires, with the treadmill walk-jog-run protocol to estimate VO2max in 12 to 17 year old boys and girls. Ninety-one participants (49 males and 42 females) took part in this study. Data were collected via PFA and PA-R questionnaires, a walk-jog-run submaximal treadmill test, and a maximal graded exercise test (GXT). Data collected included gender, age, height, weight, PFA and PA-R scores, heart rate (HR), treadmill speed, maximal treadmill grade, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and VO2max. Regression analysis resulted in the development of two valid and reliable models to predict VO2max. Nonexercise and submaximal exercise test data were used to build the following model: VO2max (mL∙kg-¹∙min-¹) = 11.201 + (6.877 x Gender; 0 = female; 1 = male) + (3.573 x treadmill speed; mph) – (0.174 x kg) + (0.405 x PFA score) + (0.653 x PA-R score) + (1.019 x age). The model resulted in an R2 = 0.69 and a SEE = 5.16 mL∙kg-¹∙min-¹. Maximal exercise test data were used to build the following model: VO2max (mL∙kg-¹∙min-¹) = -3.264 + (3.359 x Gender; 0 = female; 1 = male) – (0.082 x kg) + (7.351 x treadmill speed; mph) + (1.750 x maximal treadmill grade). The model resulted in an R2 = 0.88 and a SEE = 3.16 mL∙ kg-¹∙min-¹. The cross-validation PRESS statistics for both models demonstrated minimal shrinkage in the accuracy of the regression model. The results of this study demonstrate, for the first time, that N-EX data can be used to accurately predict VO2max in youth. The submaximal and maximal exercise tests validated in this study can be used to assess cardiorespiratory fitness of youth having a wide range on interests and fitness levels. In addition, the use of PFA and PA-R questionnaires enforces initiatives to increase physical activity among youth. Both exercise tests use a self-selected treadmill speed that elicits a steady-state HR of 70% of the participants age-predicted maximal HR. The use of a self-selected walking, jogging, or running speed accommodates youth with different levels of physical fitness, motivation, and interests. The exercise test protocol presented in this study is practical for use in schools, athletic facilities, and community fitness centers. The equipment required to administer the exercise test presented in this study is limited to a treadmill and a HR monitor. Together with the use of PFA and PA-R questionnaires, the submaximal and maximal exercise tests are efficacious to coaches, fitness professionals, and physical educators in a variety of settings.
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Corbett, Eric J. "Effects of Oral L-arginine Supplementation on Platelet Count and Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Males." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1239596277.
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Feeback, Matthew R. "Effect of Oral L-arginine Supplementation on Lactic Acid and Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Males." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1240929188.
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NISHIBATA, KENJI, NOBUO TAUCHI, MITSUHIRO YOKOTA, YOSHIKO NAGANO, MASAHIKO GOTO, MASAMI NAGASHIMA, and REIZO BABA. "OXYGEN INTAKE EFFICIENCY SLOPE: A NEW INDEX OF CARDIORESPIRATORY FUNCTIONAL RESERVE DERIVED FROM THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND MINUTE VENTILATION DURING INCREMENTAL EXERCISE." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16102.
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Friedman, Rachel Ann. "Investigation of C-Reactive Protein and Leptin as Biomarkers of Obesity with Potential Clinical Utility." TopSCHOLAR®, 2011. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1091.
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Obesity and its subsequent disease states are major health problems in the United States. In many ways, obesity can be considered a “disease state” itself due to the changes it causes on the body. High-intensity exercise also places acute stress the body, putting humans in recovery from exercise in a state that may be analogous to a temporary disease state. The purpose of this study was to examine biomarkers associated with obesity (CRP and Leptin) before and after continuous and intermittent bouts of exercise in an obese but otherwise healthy sample vs. a healthy, non-obese sample. This investigation focused on examining the obese sample’s biomarkers at rest compared to those of the healthy group immediately and 1 hour-post exercise. Eighteen male subjects participated, with nine in each group. Each subject performed a VO2 max test and a series of three anaerobic Wingate tests at least one week apart in a cross-over study design. Blood was taken at baseline, immediately-post, and 1-hour post for each exercise mode. A significant difference was noted between groups for CRP at baseline on the VO2 testing day. A significant difference between groups existed in leptin levels at baseline on both testing days. The only significant change was the decrease in leptin from post to 1- hour post for during the VO2 in the obese group. However, both exercise protocols demonstrated various effects on the subjects and groups. Healthy participants were examined individually, and two of them showed possible signs of being at risk for obesity and its subsequent disease states based on post exercise “spikes” in CRP and leptin that caused the levels of the biomarkers to be closer to those in the obese group at rest. Another three subjects saw at least two spikes. Thus, a total of five subjects could potentially be “at-risk” based on the assumptions of the present study. These results suggest CRP and Leptin could potentially hold the ability to classify someone in a “preobesity state.” Further investigations are warranted based on these initial results and should focus on biomarkers more specific to obesity.
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Baker, James J. "The effect of a training related increase in maximal oxygen consumption on resting serum estradiol levels in normal males /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487268021748356.
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Prior, Steven John. "DNA sequence variation in the promoter region of the VEGF gene impacts on VEGF gene expression and maximal oxygen consumption /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2908.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Kinesiology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Salati, Michele <1974>. "Impact of the Video-Assisted Lobectomy Approach on Maximal Oxygen Consumption, Pulmonary Function and Quality of Life of Lung Cancer Patients." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7317/.
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Nowadays video-assisted lobectomy could be considered an appropriate treatment option for early stage lung cancer patients, as obtaining similar or even better early outcomes when compared to open standard lobectomy. This study was aimed at verifying the long-term impact (three months after surgery) of VATS-lobectomy technique on physical and mental status of patients undergoing lung resection for lung cancer and to compare the physical variation to the one registered after open approach.
We enrolled patients treated by VATS-lobectomy at our institution since June 2012 to June 2015, comparing the preoperative physical evaluation (in terms of FEV1, DLCO and VO2max) and perceived quality of life (measured using the EORTC questionnaire) to the postoperative values. Moreover we performed a propensity score matching analysis to verify if the physical variation registered after VATS-lobectomy differed from that after open resection.
We found a three months postoperative reduction of the physical indicators in comparison to the preoperative values (FEV1-variation: -8.3%, DLCO-variation: -12.4%, VO2max-variation: -6.6%). A similar negative trend was found for the psychological indicators, but the only parameter with a significative worsening was the perceived physical functioning (variation: -6.2%).
The propensity score procedure yielded 83 well-matched open and VATS-lobectomy patients. The reductions in FEV1, DLCO and VO2max were similar in both groups (open patients’ reduction: FEV1 -10%, DLCO -11.9%, VO2max -5.5%; VATS patients’ reduction: FEV1 -7.2%, DLCO -10.6%, VO2max -6.9%), with a Cohen effect size < 0.2 for all the comparisons.
In conclusion, VATS-lobectomy influences a reduction of the preoperative functional status three months after the operation, without affecting the postoperative perceived quality of life. Moreover VATS-lobectomy doesn’t offer any advantage in terms of FEV1, DLCO and exercise capacity recovery in comparison to the open approach.
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Saumure, Nancy E. "The effects of leg cycling training on lactate threshold and maximal oxygen consumption measured during leg cycling and arm cranking exercise." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7752.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if the training effects on lactate threshold (LT) and maximal oxygen consumption (VO$\sb2$max) are specific to musculature involved in training or if there is evidence of a general training effect, such that adaptations are also found during exercise with untrained muscle groups. Seven moderately active male students participated in an eight week progressive endurance training program that involved leg cycling at specific intensities above and below the pre-training LT to give a total of 30 minutes of training above LT three times per week. All subjects were tested before and after training for LT and VO$\sb2$max while performing leg cycling and arm cranking exercises. VO$\sb2$max showed a significant increase during both leg cycling and arm cranking exercise following training. Conversely, increases in both absolute and relative LT were confined to leg cycling exercise only. It is suggested that peripheral adaptive responses of oxidative capacity within the trained muscles are primarily responsible for the specificity of the LT response, while cardiovascular adaptations were beneficial to VO$\sb2$max of both of the muscle groups tested. Furthermore, the significant improvement in relative LT during leg cycling and of VO$\sb2$max to both arm and leg exercise suggests that adaptive responses of LT and VO$\sb2$max to training are not governed by the same physiological processes. Therefore, it was concluded that, for the conditions of this experiment, the concept of specificity of training applies to LT but not to VO$\sb2$max when comparing exercise modalities which involve separate musculature.
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Silva, Paulo Roberto dos Santos. "Limiar ventilatório dois (LV2) e o consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2max) como preditores de tolerância ao esforço em jogadores de futebol." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-08122009-175424/.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a relação entre o limiar ventilatório dois (LV2) e o consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2max) como preditores de tolerância ao esforço em jogadores de futebol. O LV2 e o VO2max foram medidos a um terço de encerramento da temporada. Uma amostra de sessenta atletas futebolistas do sexo masculino, distribuídos nas seguintes posições: (14 zagueiros [23%], 14 laterais [23%], 19 meio campistas [32%] e 13 atacantes [22%]) menos os goleiros. A média de idade era de 20,8 ± 2,8 anos; massa corpórea de 71,9 ± 7,6 kg e estatura de 178 ± 6,5 cm foram avaliadas num estudo transversal. Todos eram assintomáticos, não fumantes, não faziam uso de qualquer medicamento e eram livres de qualquer tipo de distúrbio neuromuscular, cardiovascular, respiratório e circulatório. A média de treinamento no período competitivo consistiu de 10 horas semanais. Todos os jogadores eram de clubes profissionais da primeira divisão do Estado de São Paulo e estavam registrados na Federação Paulista de Futebol.Todos foram submetidos à avaliação cardiorrespiratória e metabólica, utilizando-se analisador metabólico de gases (CPX/D, MedGraphics, EUA) acoplado a eletrocardiógrafo (Max Personal, Marquette, EUA), ambos os sistemas computadorizados. A determinação da capacidade física máxima foi verificada em esteira rolante (Inbramed, ATL10200, BRA) utilizando-se protocolo escalonado contínuo (1 km.h-1 a cada dois minutos) e inclinação fixa de 3%. Os seguintes resultados verificados e os parâmetros utilizados foram: VO2max = 58,8 ± 4,48 mL.kg-1.min-1; VO2LV2 = 49,6 ± 4,96 mL.kg-1.min-1; TTMAX = 1073 ± 124,5s; TTLV2 = 713 ± 106,0s. Análise de regressão linear demonstrou correlação positiva entre o TTMAX vs. VO2max (r = 0,473;p<0,001); VO2LV2 vs. VO2max (r = 0,691; p<0,001); TTLV2 vs. VO2max (r = 0,545; p <0,001); TTMAX vs. TTLV2 (r = 0,560; p < 0,001) e entre TTLV2 vs. VO2LV2 (r = 0,610; p< 0,001). Concluindo, a potência aeróbia máxima associada ao aumento do consumo de oxigênio no LV2, são preditores de uma maior capacitação aeróbia em jogadores de futebol. O melhor parâmetro preditor de tolerância ao exercício em todas as posições foi à relação VO2LV2 vs. VO2max.The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the ventilatory threshold two (VT2) and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) as predictors of exercise tolerance in soccer players. VT2 and VO2max were measured when one-third of the soccer season still remained. A sample of sixty male soccer players, distributed in the following position: (14 central-defenders [23%], 14 fullbacks [23%], 19 midfielders [32%] and 13 forwards [22%]) less the goalkeepers, were evaluated a cross-sectional study. The mean age was 20.8 ± 2.7 years, body mass: 71.9 ± 7.62 kg and height: 178.1 ± 6.5 cm. All were asymptomatic, non-smokers, they did not use any medication and were free from any kind of neuromuscular disorder, cardiovascular, respiratory and circulatory. In the competitive season, the average training week consisted of 10 hours practice and games. All the players were professional clubs of the first division of the State of Sao Paulo and were registered in the Paulista Football Federation. All of them underwent a cardiopulmonary and metabolic exercise test evaluation. To this end we used a gas explorer (CPX/D, breathbybreath Medgraphics, Saint Paul, MN, USA) coupled to an electrocardiograph (Max Personal, Exercise Testing System, Marquette, USA). Both systems were computerized. The maximum exercise test was performed on a motor-driven treadmill (Inbramed, ATL-10200, Porto Alegre, BRA), using the incremental continuous exercise protocol. The athletes started the race with 8 km.h-1 and increased speed of 1 km.h-1 every two minutes with fixed slope at 3%. In all tests there was verbal encouragement. The results verified and the parameters used were: VO2max = 58.8 ± 4.48 mL.kg-1.min-1; VO2VT2 = 49.6 ± 4.96 mL.kg-1.min-1; MAXTT = 1073 ± 124.5s; TTVT2 = 713 ± 106s. Linear regression analysis in male soccer players showed positive correlation between the VO2max vs. MAXTT to exercise (R = 0.473; p < 0.001); VO2VT2 vs. VO2max (R = 0.691; p < 0.001); TTVT2 vs. VO2max (R = 0.545; p < 0.001); MAXTT vs. TTVT2 (R=0.560; p < 0.01) and between TTVT2 vs. VO2VT2 (R=0.610; p < 0.001). The results allowed us to infer that the attainment of maximum aerobic power together with increased of VO2VT2 are predictors of a higher aerobic capacity in soccer players. The best predictive parameter of exercise tolerance in all positions was the relationship VO2VT2 vs. VO2max.
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Nienkerk, Andrée. "Förändring av olika fysiologiska parametrar vid styrketräning hos äldre." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3134.
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Sammanfattning Syfte och frågeställningar. Syftet med denna studie var att på äldre personer studera olika fysiologiska parametrar före och efter en period på åtta veckor med styrketräning som utförs tre gånger i veckan. Frågeställningarna var: Hur påverkas statisk och dynamisk maximal styrka i främre lårmuskulaturen av styrketräning? Är det någon skillnad i resultat mellan koncentrisk och excentrisk styrka i lårmuskulaturen före och efter styrketräningsperioden? Är det någon skillnad i förändring mellan benstyrka uppmätt med isokinetisk teknik jämfört med uthållighetsstyrka och ett kort funktionellt benstyrketest? Hur påverkas maximal syreupptagningsförmåga registrerad via submaximalt cykeltest respektive vid pyramidtestet av träningsperioden? Metod. I studien deltog 20 generellt ej påtagligt aktiva män och kvinnor i åldrarna 66-79 år. Av dessa var 11 individer slumpvis indelade i en styrketräningsgrupp och övriga nio utgjorde en inaktiv kontrollgrupp. Ett flertal olika fysiologiska tester, som bl.a. prövade testpersonernas styrka samt kondition, utfördes innan och efter träningsperioden. De deltagare som utgjorde träningsgruppen tränades i relativt tung styrketräning i åtta veckor. Resultat. Undersökningen resulterade i en signifikant ökad koncentrisk-, excentrisk- samt statisk momentan benstyrka för träningsgruppen efter de åtta veckorna med relativt tung styrketräning. Vidare kunde även utläsas för dem en signifikant förbättring av uthållighetsstyrka i benen (hastighet vid 50 uppresningar från stol, med 16,9 %) samt vid ett kort funktionellt test (5 uppresningar från stol, med 12,8 %). De träningsgenererade signifikanta ökningarna för träningsgruppen tyder inte på några stora procentuella skillnader mellan statisk (10,4 %) och dynamisk excentrisk (7,8 %) eller koncentrisk maximal styrka (9,5 %). Vid testerna cykelergometertest (kondition), effekt i 5-minuterspyramidtest (ett modifierat steptest) samt distans vid 6-minuters gångtest framkom inga signifikanta förbättringar för träningsgruppen. Ingen i kontrollgruppen visade en signifikant förbättring i någon av de nämnda testerna. Slutsats. Studien visar att interventioner, med åtta veckors intensiv styrketräning, tre gånger per vecka för äldre kvinnor och män, påtagligt kan förbättra resultaten vid styrkemätningar såväl momentant som uthållighetsmässigt och vid ett kort funktionellt test, medan tester av maximal syreupptagningsförmåga (VO2max) inte förbättras. Emellertid framkom i cykelergometertestet en tendens till förbättring för träningsgruppen.
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Adam, Jennifer, Matthias Oehmichen, Eva Oehmichen, Janine Rother, Ulrike Maria Müller, Thomas Hauser, and Henry Schulz. "Reliability of the calculated maximal lactate steady state in amateur cyclists." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-165455.
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Abstract provided by Publisher
Complex performance diagnostics in sports medicine should contain maximal aerobic and maximal anaerobic performance. The requirements on appropriate stress protocols are high. To validate a test protocol quality criteria like objectivity and reliability are necessary. Therefore, the present study was performed in intention to analyze the reliability of maximal lactate production rate (VLamax) by using a sprint test, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) by using a ramp test and, based on these data, resulting power in calculated maximum lactate-steady-state (PMLSS) especially for amateur cyclists. All subjects (n=23, age 26 ± 4 years) were leisure cyclists. At three different days they completed first a sprint test to approximate VLamax. After 60 min of recreation time a ramp test to assess VO2max was performed. The results of VLamax-test and VO2max-test and the body weight were used to calculate PMLSS for all subjects. The intra class correlation (ICC) for VLamax and VO2max was 0.904 and 0.987, respectively, coefficient of variation (CV) was 6.3 % and 2.1 %, respectively. Between the measurements the reliable change index of 0.11 mmol∙l-1∙s-1 for VLamax and 3.3 ml∙kg-1∙min-1 for VO2max achieved significance. The mean of the calculated PMLSS was 237 ± 72 W with an RCI of 9 W and reached with ICC = 0.985 a very high reliability. Both metabolic performance tests and the calculated PMLSS are reliable for leisure cyclists.
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Pasqua, Leonardo Alves. "Associação entre o polimorfismo de nucleotídeo único no gene ACTN3, variáveis fisiológicas e parâmetros neuromusculares relacionados à aptidão aeróbia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39134/tde-10062013-090612/.
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O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a existência de associação entre os diferentes genótipos do polimorfismo R577X do gene ACTN3 e variáveis fisiológicas e neuromusculares associadas à aptidão aeróbia e ao desempenho em provas de longa duração. Cento e cinquenta indivíduos fisicamente ativos foram submetidos aos seguintes testes: a) teste incremental máximo para determinação do consumo máximo de oxigênio, velocidade de pico, limiar ventilatório (LV) e ponto de compensação respiratória (PCR); b) dois testes de cargas constantes nas velocidades de 10 km.h-1 e 12 km.h-1 para determinação da economia de corrida; c) teste de uma repetição máxima no exercício leg press para determinação da força máxima de membros inferiores; d) teste de salto vertical para determinação da potência máxima de membros inferiores e; e) genotipagem para determinação do genótipo do gene ACTN3. Os principais resultados foram a maior representação do genótipo XX entre os indivíduos com maiores velocidades associadas ao LV e ao PCR. Além disso, entre os indivíduos mais econômicos, foi observada uma maior representação de pelo menos uma cópia do alelo X (genótipos RX e XX). Esses resultados sugerem que o genótipo XX do gene ACTN3 parece ser favorável às variáveis fisiológicas associadas à aptidão aeróbia, sobretudo aquelas determinadas em intensidades submáximasThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship among the genotypes of the ACTN3 gene and physiological and neuromuscular parameters related to aerobic fitness and endurance performance. One hundred and fifty male physically active subjects performed the following tests: a) a maximal incremental test to determine maximal oxygen consumption, peak velocity, ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point; b) two constant speed tests at 10 km.h-1 and 12 km.h-1 to determine running economy; c) one repetition maximum in the leg press to determine the maximal dynamic strength of the lower limbs; d) vertical jump test to determine the maximum power of the lower limbs and; e) genotyping for the ACTN3 gene polymorphism. Our main results were a higher frequency of the XX genotypes among the individuals with the highest speeds associated to ventilatory threshold and to the respiratory compensation point. It was observed a higher frequency of at least one copy of the X allele (RX and XX genotypes) among the more economical individuals. These results suggest that the XX genotype of the ACTN3 gene seems to be associated with physiological variables related with the aerobic fitness, mainly those determined in submaximal intensities
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Taylor, Conor W. "Manipulating exercise and recovery to enhance adaptations to sprint interval training." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25496.
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Highly-trained athletes are accustomed to varied and high-volume based exercise stimuli and eliciting adaptation in individuals already possessing the necessary physiology to compete at the highest level is difficult. Therefore, identifying novel, potent and time efficient methods of achieving cumulative training stress is a continual quest for coaches and exercise scientists. This thesis examined the acute and chronic effects of manipulating exercise and recovery during brief all-out sprint cycling on adaptive responses favouring enhanced endurance capacity. Chapter 3 highlighted that low-volume non-work matched all-out sprint cycling, whether it be interval- (4 x 30 s bouts) or continuous based (1 x 2 min bout) provides a similarly potent stimulus for the acute induction of cell signalling pathways and key growth factors associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis in trained individuals. In line with manipulating recovery and in attempting to identify a novel and potent exercise intervention capable of giving athletes more return on their training investment, Chapters 4-6 investigated the efficacy of combining sprint interval training with post-exercise blood flow restriction (BFR). Firstly, it was demonstrated that BFR potentiates HIF-1α mRNA expression in response to SIT, tentatively suggesting an enhanced stimulus for hypoxia- and/or metabolic-mediated cell signalling associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis over SIT alone. Secondly, four weeks of SIT combined with post-exercise BFR provides a greater training stimulus over SIT alone in trained individuals to enhance VO2max (4.7 v 1.1 % change) and MAP (3.8 v 0.2 % change), but not 15-km TT performance. Finally, in response to four weeks of SIT combined with post-exercise BFR, an international female track sprint cyclist increased her CP and W by 7 and 2 % and VO2max and absolute MAP by 3 and 4 %, respectively. Through a combination of an acute in vivo molecular experiment, a training study and an athlete case study, this thesis has introduced a potentially potent and novel training concept that appears capable of augmenting aerobic capacity.
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Cato, Hampus. "Correlation Between 3000-meter Running Performance, Yo-Yo IR1 & Submaximal Treadmill Jogging Test." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Bio- och miljösystemforskning (BLESS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-31875.
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Background: Physiologic functional capacity through maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) can be measured in many different ways depending on sport and qualities needed to be assessed.In handball a demanding 3000 meter (m) running test is used to evaluate V̇O2max. If this test is sport specific or if it could be replaced by a less strenuous test is unknown. Aim: The aim ofthis study was to compare performance on 3000-meter running with predicted V̇O2max from a submaximal treadmill jogging test (SMTJ) and performance of the Yo-Yo intermittentrecovery test 1 (IR1). Methods: Male handball players (n = 12) performed the 3000 m running test, the Submaximal Treadmill Jogging test and the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery test level 1. Measurements in seconds (s), ml ∙ kg-1 ∙ min-1 and meters where collected and correlated using Pearson r, interclass correlation. Results: A strong significant linear correlation (p < 0.01) was found between performance in 3000 m running (s) and Yo-Yo IR1 performance (m), r = - 0.724 (r2 = 0.524). A weak, not significant linear correlation (p > 0.05)was found between performance in 3000 m running (s) and predicted V̇O2max from submaximal treadmill test (ml ∙ kg-1 ∙ min-1), r = - 0.309 (r2 = 0.095). Conclusion: According to this study the 3000 m running test could be replaced by the Yo-Yo IR1 test or vice versa in adolescent male handball players. The submaximal treadmill test used in this study had several potential errors in estimating V̇O2max, this is probably the reason why only a weak correlation was found between the SMTJ and the 3000 m running test.
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El, Khoury Georges. "Influences des niveaux d’activité physique et de performance physique sur la densité minérale osseuse, la géométrie osseuse de la hanche et le score de l'os trabéculaire chez de jeunes hommes en surpoids et obèses." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20021/document.
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Le but cette thèse était d’explorer l’influence du niveau d’activité physique et du niveau de performance physique sur la densité minérale osseuse, la géométrie osseuse de la hanche et le score de l’os trabéculaire chez de jeunes hommes en surpoids et obèses. Trois principales études ont été menées. Une première étude a montré que la pratique d’activités physiques a un effet positif sur le CMO, la DMO et la section transversale du col fémoral chez les hommes en surcharge pondérale. Une deuxième étude a suggéré que le niveau d’activité physique influence positivement les paramètres osseux chez les hommes en surpoids et obèses et que l’optimisation de la masse maigre, de la VO2 max (L/min) et de la force maximale des membres inférieurs peut aider à prévenir l’ostéoporose chez les hommes en surpoids et obèses. Enfin, une dernière étude, a été la première à démontrer une relation positive entre la VO2 max (ml/mn/kg) et les indices de résistance osseuse du col fémoral (le CSI, le BSI et l’ISI) chez les jeunes hommes en surpoids et obèses et a donc suggéré que l’augmentation de la VO2 max chez les hommes en surpoids et obèses pourrait aider à réduire les fractures stéoporotiques. Ces différents résultats suggèrent une adaptation ostéogénique significative des jeunes hommes en surpoids et obèses en réponse à l’entrainement physiqueThe aim of this thesis was to explore the influence of physical activity level and physical performance on bone mineral density, hip geometry and trabecular bone score in young overweight and obese men. Three main studies have been conducted. The first study has shown that physical activity practice has a positive effect on BMC, BMD and femoral neck crosssectional area in overweight men. The second study has shown that physical activity level positively affects bone variables in overweight/obese men and that increasing lean mass, VO2 max (L/min) and muscular strength of the lower limbs can help to prevent osteoporosis in overweight and obese men. Finally, the last study, was the first to show positive associations between maximal oxygen consumption (milliliter per minute per kilogram) and composite indices of FN strength (CSI, BSI and ISI) in young overweight and obese men and therefore suggested that enhancing VO2 max in overweight and obese men may help to reduce osteoporotic fractures. These different results suggest a significant osteogenic adaptation in young overweight and obese men in response to physical training
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Assadi, Hervé. "Réponses physiologiques au cours d'exercices intermittents en course à pied." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00817851.
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Les objectifs de ce travail étaient d'analyser les réponses physiologiques au cours d'exercices intermittents en course à pied et de déterminer i) un test d'évaluation de la vitesse maximale aérobie (VMA) adapté aux exercices intermittents ; ii) les exercices intermittents permettant une sollicitation maximale de la consommation d'oxygène (VO2max) ; iii) les facteurs physiologiques et neuromusculaires limitant la durée des exercices intermittents.La première étude a permis de montrer que la réalisation d'un exercice intermittent alternant des périodes d'effort de 30 s avec des périodes de récupération de 30 s (30s-30s), à la VMA atteinte à la fin du test intermittent incrémental 45-15FIT, permettait à la fois de réaliser un grand nombre de répétitions et de solliciter un fort pourcentage de la VO2max pendant la durée de l'exercice. Lors de la seconde étude nous avons montré que les exercices intermittents de type 5s-15s, 30s-30s et 60s-60s, courus à la VMA permettaient de solliciter un fort pourcentage de la VO2max. L'exercice intermittent de type 30s-30s est celui qui permet néanmoins de réaliser le plus grand nombre de répétitions. Une part plus importante de la glycolyse dans la production d'énergie réduit le nombre de répétitions lors de l'exercice de type 60s-60s par rapport à l'exercice de type 30s-30s ; une fatigue musculaire causée par un plus grand nombre d'accélérations et de décélérations réduit quant à elle le nombre de répétitions lors de l'exercice de type 15s-15s, par rapport à l'exercice de type 30s-30s. Les résultats de la troisième étude ont confirmé que les exercices intermittents de type 5s-15s, courus à la VMA, induisaient une fatigue musculaire plus importante, due essentiellement aux nombreuses accélérations et décélérations. Il a également été montré qu'à la suite d'un exercice pré-fatigant des muscles extenseurs du genou (contractions musculaires évoquées par électromyostimulation vs contractions volontaires isométriques), le nombre de répétitions lors de l'exercice intermittent 30s-30s était réduit, mais que le pourcentage de temps passé à plus de 90% de la VO2max n'était pas diminué par rapport à la réalisation sans pré-fatigue.L'ensemble de nos travaux permettent de définir un ensemble d'exercices intermittents qui, lorsqu'ils sont courus à la VMA évaluée lors du test 45-15FIT, permettent d'atteindre un niveau élevé de sollicitation du système aérobie, dont l'exercice de type 30s-30s pourrait constituer un exercice "standard"
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Stuart, Charles A., Melanie P. McCurry, Anna Marino, Mark A. South, Mary E. A. Howell, Andrew S. Layne, Michael W. Ramsey, and Michael H. Stone. "Slow-Twitch Fiber Proportion in Skeletal Muscle Correlates With Insulin Responsiveness." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4123.
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Context: The metabolic syndrome, characterized by central obesity with dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia, identifies people at high risk for type 2 diabetes.
Objective: Our objective was to determine how the insulin resistance of the metabolic syndrome is related to muscle fiber composition.
Design:Thirty-nine sedentary men and women (including 22 with the metabolic syndrome) had insulin responsiveness quantified using euglycemic clamps and underwent biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle. Expression of insulin receptors, insulin receptor substrate-1, glucose transporter 4, and ATP synthase were quantified with immunoblots and immunohistochemistry.
Participants and Setting: Participants were nondiabetic,metabolic syndrome volunteers and sedentary control subjects studied at an outpatient clinic.
Main Outcome Measures: Insulin responsiveness during an insulin clamp and the fiber composition of a muscle biopsy specimen were evaluated.
Results: There were fewer type I fibers and more mixed (type IIa) fibers in metabolic syndrome subjects.Insulin responsiveness and maximal oxygen uptake correlated with the proportion of type I fibers.Insulin receptor,insulin receptor substrate-1, and glucose transporter 4 expression were not different in whole muscle but all were significantly less in the type I fibers of metabolic syndrome subjects when adjusted for fiber proportion and fiber size.Fat oxidation and muscle mitochondrial expression were not different in the metabolic syndrome subjects.
Conclusion:Lower proportion of type I fibers in metabolic syndrome muscle correlated with the severity of insulin resistance. Even though whole muscle content was normal, key elements of insulin action were consistently less in type I muscle fibers, suggesting their distribution was important in mediating insulin effects
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Urso, Rodrigo Poles. "Correlações da aptidão aeróbia e de fatores neuromusculares no desempenho em sprints repetidos em tenistas de diferentes níveis competitivos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39134/tde-17042015-142918/.
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O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a relação da aptidão aeróbia e de fatores neuromusculares com o desempenho em SR em tenistas com diferentes níveis de jogo. Um grupo de dez tenistas profissionais (GP) e um grupo de dez tenistas amadores (GA) foram submetidos a quatro sessões experimentais, a saber: 1) medidas antropométricas, familiarização com o teste de drop jump (DJ) e com o teste de contração voluntária isométrica máxima (CVIM) para membros inferiores, e um teste progressivo até a exaustão; 2) um teste de DJ e um teste de carga constante para avaliar a cinética on e off do consumo de oxigênio (VO2); 3) um teste de CVIM para membros inferiores, outro teste de carga constante para avaliar a cinética on e off do VO2 e familiarização com o teste de SR; 4) um teste composto por dez SR. O GP apresentou valores significativamente menores para o tempo do melhor sprint (SRmelhor) e para a média dos tempos de todos os sprints (SRmédio) em relação ao GA (p < 0,05). O percentual de aumento do tempo ao longo dos sprints (SR%aumento) do GP não foi significativamente menor em comparação ao GA (p = 0,102), porém a chance dessa variável ser menor para o GP foi considerada \"provável\". Para o GP, a única correlação significativa observada foi entre o SRmédio e o tempo de contato obtido no teste de DJ (r = 0,641, p < 0,05). Em relação ao GA, foram observadas correlações significativas da velocidade pico obtida no teste progressivo até a exaustão com o SRmelhor (r = -0,680, p < 0,05) e SRmédio (r = -0,744, p < 0,05), assim como da amplitude da fase lenta da cinética off do VO2 com o SRmelhor (r = -0,756, p < 0,05) e SRmédio (r = -0,794, p < 0,05). Portanto, esses dados sugerem que tenistas profissionais possuem um melhor desempenho em SR em comparação aos tenistas amadores. Entretanto, não está clara a importância de fatores da aptidão aeróbia e neuromusculares no desempenho dessa atividadeThe objective of this study was to verify the relationship of aerobic fitness and neuromuscular factors with RS performance in tennis players with different playing level. A group of ten professional (PG) and ten amateur (AG) tennis players were submitted to four experimental sessions, to know: 1) anthropometric measurements, familiarization with the drop jump (DJ) test and the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) test for the lower limbs, and a progressive test until exhaustion; 2) a DJ test and a constant load test for on and off oxygen consumption (VO2) kinetics measurement; 3) a MVIC test for the lower limbs, another constant load test for on and off VO2 kinetics measurement, and familiarization with the RS test; 4) a test of ten RS. The PG presented significant lower values for the best sprint time (RSbest) and mean time of all sprints (RSmean) in relation to the AG (p < 0.05). The percentage increase in time over all sprints (RSincrease) of the PG was not significantly lower in comparison to the AG (p = 0.102), however the chance of this variable to be lower for the PG was considered \"probable\". For the PG the only significant correlation observed was between RSmean and the contact time obtained in the DJ test (r = 0.641, p < 0.05). In relation to the AG, significant correlations were observed for the peak speed obtained on the progressive test until exhaustion with the RSbest (r = -0.680, p < 0.05) and RSmean (r = -0.744, p < 0.05), likewise for the amplitude of the slow phase in oxygen uptake off-kinetics with the RSbest (r = -0.756, p < 0.05) and RSmean (r = -0.794, p < 0.05). Thus, these data suggest that professional tennis players have a better performance in RS compared to amateur tennis players. However, it is not clear the importance of aerobic fitness and neuromuscular factors in the performance of this activity
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Barbosa, Fernando Policarpo. "Modelos matem?ticos para estimativa do consumo m?ximo de oxig?nio pela ventilometria de esfor?o em indiv?duos saud?veis." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13107.
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Previous issue date: 2007-12-03The relation between metabolic demand and maximal oxygen consumption during exercise have been investigated in different areas of knowledge. In the health field, the determination of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is considered a method to classify the level of physical fitness or the risk of cardiocirculatory diseases. The accuracy to obtain data provides a better evaluation of functional responses and allows a reduction in the error margin at the moment of risk classification, as well as, at the moment of determination of aerobic exercise work load. In Brasil, the use of respirometry associated to ergometric test became an opition in the cardiorespiratory evaluation. This equipment allows predictions concerning the oxyredutase process, making it possible to identify physiological responses to physical effort as the respiratory threshold. This thesis focused in the development of mathematical models developed by multiple regression validated by the stepwise method, aiming to predict the VO2max based on respiratory responses to physical effort. The sample was composed of a ramdom sample of 181 healthy individuals, men and women, that were randomized to two groups: regression group and cross validation group (GV). The voluntiars were submitted to a incremental treadmill test; objetiving to determinate of the second respiratory threshold (LVII) and the Peak VO2max. Using the m?todo forward addition method 11 models of VO2max prediction in trendmill were developded. No significative differences were found between the VO2max meansured and the predicted by models when they were compared using ANOVA One-Way and the Post Hoc test of Turkey. We concluded that the developed mathematical models allow a prediction of the VO2max of healthy young individuals based on the LVII
A rela??o entre a demanda metab?lica e o consumo de oxig?nio durante a pr?tica de exerc?cios f?sicos ? alvo de investiga??o em distintas ?reas do conhecimento. No campo da sa?de, a determina??o do consumo m?ximo de oxig?nio (VO2m?x) ? considerada um m?todo para classificar o n?vel de aptid?o f?sica ou risco de doen?as cardiocirculat?rias. A obten??o de dados de forma acurada possibilita uma melhor avalia??o das respostas funcionais, o que permite reduzir a margem de erros tanto no momento da classifica??o dos riscos, como tamb?m no momento da determina??o das cargas de treinamento aer?bico. No Brasil a utiliza??o da ventilometria conjugado ao teste de ergom?trico passou a ser uma op??o na avalia??o cardiorrespirat?ria. O emprego deste equipamento possibilita inferir sobre o processo de oxidorredutase, permitindo identificar respostas fisiol?gicas ao esfor?o como o limiar ventilat?rio. A presente tese centrou-se no desenvolvimento de modelos matem?ticos desenvolvidos por meio de regress?o m?ltipla com valida??o pelo m?todo stepwise com o objetivo de predi??o do VO2m?x tomando como base, as respostas ventilat?rias ao esfor?o. Para tanto, o estudo contou com uma amostra aleat?ria de 181 indiv?duos saud?veis, de ambos os sexos, que foram randomizados em dois grupos: grupo de regress?o e o grupo de valida??o cruzada (GV). Os volunt?rios foram submetidos a teste cardiopulmonar em esteira rolante em protocolo incremental; onde se visou a determina??o do limiar ventilat?rio II (LVII) e o VO2m?x de pico. Atrav?s da aplica??o do m?todo adi??o forward foram desenvolvidos 11 modelos de predi??o do VO2m?x em esteira rolante. N?o foram encontradas diferen?as significativa entre o VO2m?x mensurado com os preditos pelos modelos quando comparados pelo teste t pareado. Os resultados possibilitam-nos concluir que os modelos matem?ticos desenvolvidos permitem estimar o VO2m?x de indiv?duos jovens e h?gidos, tendo como ponto de refer?ncia o LVII
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Formánková, Dita. "Porovnání obecných a specifických funkčních zátěžových testů u skialpinistů." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-312685.
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Title: Comparison of universal and specific functional stress tests of ski-mountaineerers. Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to compare maximal functional parameters of ski-mountaineerers measured during three functional laboratory stress tests. The functional stress tests were set on a treadmill, bicycle ergometer, and on a ski-mountaineer trainer. Consecutively, there is evaluated the meaning of testing of the functional parameters on the ski-mountaineer trainer. Methods: Interindividual and intraindividual descriptive study of 10 ski-mountaineerers of middle and high level performance. Results: The respondents reached the average value of VO2max 63,3 ml.kg-1 .min-1 on the ski-mountaineer trainer, 67,5 ml.kg-1 .min-1 on a treadmill and 66,5 ml.kg-1 .min-1 on a bicycle ergometer. The average measured HR on the ski-mountaineer trainer was 179 heartbeats/min, on the treadmill 185 heartbeats/min and on the bycicle ergometer 183 heartbeats/min. The average value of R reached the value of 1,09 on the ski-mountaineer trainer, 1,18 on the treadmill and 1, 19 on the bycicle ergometer. The highest measured value of VO2max reached on the treadmill was 79,3 ml.kg-1 .min-1 , the bycicle ergometer enabled to reach maximum 76,5 ml.kg-1 .min-1 and the highest value reached on the ski-mountaineer trainer was...
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Manda, Filip. "Funkční profil výkonnostních hráčů billiardu." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-341417.
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Title: Functional Profile of Performance Billiard Players Objectives: The main aim of thesis was to find out maximal functional characteristics and body composition of performance billiard players by using laboratory testing. Next step was to define load intensity during simulated match. Methods: There were used biomedical measurements as a body measuring, bioelectrical impedance, laboratory spiroergometric measuring by maximal stress testing. Field spiroergometric measuring was provide during simulated match in pool hall. To find the role of physical fitness in performance billiard were used half structured interview with open questions and online survey. Results: The findings show that tested billiard players achieve levels of physical fitness from average to very good values. But some of them are classified as overweight and obese. Long-time playing billiard does not have any important influence on asymetric composition of muscle mass of upper limbs. During playing billiard an oxygen consumption didn't get over 30% of VO2max and values of heart rate were between 39 to 59% HRmax. During playing billiard an energy expenditure grows from 222 to 330% of BM. Billiard energetic demands of tested players are moving between 14,6 kJ to 29,3 kJ. Another result of thesis is a statement about the role of...
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Lee, Jung Min. "Validation of the Cosmed Fitmate for predicting maximal oxygen consumption." 2008. http://etd.utk.edu/2008/December2008MastersTheses/LeeJungMin.pdf.
Full text
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Kuo, Yao-Chung, and 郭耀中. "The Affecting Factors of Maximal Oxygen Consumption for The Male in Military." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90373964207582476932.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國防大學管理學院
運籌管理學系
99
Maximal oxygen consumption ( ) is considered as a best measure of cardiorespiratory fitness. However, the examination procedure is quite complicated and costly. Consequently, predictive model of non-exercise test (N-EX) becomes more attractive. Recent study discuss about N-EX which starts from the effect of physiological characteristics, body composition, and physical activity to . Forty students from the School of Management in the National Defense University (NDU) are recorded for their age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (FAT%), exercising capability and . Data is analyzed with multiple regression and correlation. Multiple linear regression generated the following N-EX prediction equation: (R^2=0.5495, R^2adj=0.5119, SEE=4.5535) (R^2=0.4533, R^2adj=0.4237, SEE=4.9479) The result indicate that FAT% was the most significant variable for followed by PFA and , which could explain 36.59%、9.39% and 8.97% variance of . Therefore, soldiers should focus on FAT% to increase . Furthermore, we found that age is not significant for , which may because of the participants from NDU have good exercising habits. also resulted as an important predictor variable of , we should have more research about it in the future. Keywords: maximal oxygen consumption, physical activity, respiratory exchange ratio, indicator of exercise scale.
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Waibler, Max. "The effects of carbonated beverages on arterial oxygen saturation, serum hemoglobin concentration and maximal oxygen consumption." Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/37398.
Full textAbstract:
Elite milers, Sir Roger Bannister and Joseph Falcon, have stated that the
consumption of carbonated beverages hinders the performance of aerobic
events. Oxygen transport is purportedly impaired by the consumption of
carbonated beverages. The research on carbonated beverages has been
limited to the effects on the digestive system, gastric emptying, and thermal
heat stress in animals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects
of consuming 28 ounces of carbonated beverages per day, for three weeks, on
arterial oxygen saturation (Sa0₂), serum hemoglobin concentrations (Hb), and
maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max) in experienced cyclists.
Nine competitive cyclists and triathletes (aged 19-24 years, M = 21.67
years), with average weights and percent body fat of 76.51 kg and 11.4 percent
respectively, were randomly assigned to a three week period of consuming 28
ounces of carbonated water or a three week period of no carbonated
beverages. At the end of each three week period, a 5 c.c. blood sample was
taken for Hb determination and the subjects performed a test of maximal
oxygen consumption on a cycle ergometer while Sa0₂ was being monitored.
The groups then crossed-over with respect to their treatment, and after another
three week period, the same variables were measured.
The Student's t statistic was used to compare Sa0₂, Hb, and VO₂max. The
results showed no significant differences between the carbonated period (C)
and the noncarbonated period (NC) in Sa0₂ (94.00 vs 93.22 %, p= 0.21), Hb
(13.71 vs 14.12 g/dl, p= 0.11), and VO₂max (4.63 vs 4.65 Imin, p= 0.92). From
this study, it appears that the consumption of carbonated beverages does not
affect the variables associated with the oxygen carrying capacity of blood
(Sa0₂ and Hb) or the test of aerobic performance (V0₂max)Graduation date: 1992
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Lo, Yu-Yau, and 羅裕耀. "The Collection and Comparison of the Maximal Oxygen Consumption of Taiwan Military Personnel." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92510850070860250573.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國防大學
運籌管理學系
102
"Physical fitness is combat power." That is the consensus of national armed forces nowadays. A good soldier requires heart and lung function. The single evaluation indicator of cardiopulmonary function is maximal oxygen consumption. The United States, Canada and china use maximal oxygen consumption to evaluate army physical fitness. However, R.O.C. army lacks similar data to evaluate the army physical fitness. The research is aimed to collect the data of R.O.C military maximal oxygen consumption and then compare the maximal oxygen consumption of foreign troops. Collecting the maximal oxygen consumption data of 151 military personnel (men:120,female:31) is by using Bruce protocol. The result shows the maximal oxygen consumption of Taiwanese male military personnel is 49.7 ml/kg/min. It is equal to the maximal oxygen consumption standard of U.S. army (50 ml/kg/min) and Spain infantry troop, In addition to being inferior to China navy troop positioned in Islands and reef islands, U.S. army ROTC troop, U.K. army paratroop, recruit, Navy and Norwegian army recruit.it is superior to other foreign force troops. The result shows the maximal oxygen consumption of Taiwanese female military personnel is 42.7 ml/kg/min. It is equal to the maximal oxygen consumption of Australian army and U. K. Navy. In addition to being inferior to Spain infantry troop and U.S. army. it is superior to other foreign force troops. The factors correlated with the maximal oxygen consumption of Taiwanese male military personnel are BMI, mass of skeletal muscle (r=.533) and body fat (r=-.579), waist-hip rate (r=-.463) and physical activity level (r=.427). The factors correlated with the maximal oxygen consumption of Taiwanese female military personnel are mass of body fat (r=-.51) and physical activity level(r=.566).
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CHI, CHIA-HENG, and 紀佳亨. "Building a Prediction Model of Maximal Oxygen Consumption for Taiwan Military Personnel by Non-Exercise Test." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75953653566923072612.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國防大學
運籌管理學系
104
In recent years, the military keep improving the physical training requirements. Having good physical fitness is a basic essential request for soldiers. But in the meantime of the physical training, we had always ignored how to estimate the physical conditions and the fitness. This is why sports injuries and training security risks had happened, so the military must take it as an important issue. Maximal oxygen uptake is the key indicator for assessing cardiovascular function. The measuring process, however, takes a large amount of time, cost and manpower. The Non-motion Mode develpoed in recent years uses personal physiological data to estimate the personal Maximal oxygen uptake . Based on above-mention, the research used body compositions and the degree of exercise of military servicemen as variable, studying the effects on Maximal oxygen uptake and establishing forecasting mode, and also researched the applicability of current related forecasting mode to military servicemen. The experiment recruited 46 military students and staff memebers from National Defense University (Male:36, Female:10). The ages of participants range from 18 to 34. The experiment measured Maximal oxygen uptake with Bruce Protocol of continuous graded exercise, the research found that Maximal oxygen uptake of military students and staff memebers was 47.51(ml/kg/min), which is significantly different from related forecasting mode. The average of absolute error was up to 26.2(ml/kg/min), which is not applicable to assess military students and staff memebers, Another multiple regression analysis of relevant variables and performed multiple regression analysis. The regression model is as follows Maximal oxygen uptake =55.99 - 0.54（FAT%）+ 6.4（Gender）+ 0.3（PFA）- 0.17（Age）-0.33（PA-R） Gender = F=0, M=1 (R2=0.644, R2adj=0.60, SEE=3.27) The reasearch applied the established forecasting mode to verify its stability and accuracy, using a proportionate stratified random sampling, and the average of error was 1.27, which is lower than forecasting mode SEE=3.27 established in the research. In addition, the average value of R^2 reached up to 75%, which is higher than the square multiple correlation of forecasting mode R^2=.64. The forecasting mode can reach, to an extent, stability and accuracy, and can also predict Maximal oxygen uptake of military servicemen as a basis for assessment and training standatd of cardiovascular function.
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Ramsay, Cassandra. "Efficacy of the homeopathic simplex Arsenicum album 200CH in improving oxygen consumption during sub-maximal cycling." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8345.
Full textAbstract:
M.Tech. (Homoeopathy)The ability to consume oxygen during exercise relies on the functionality of the cardiorespiratory system to deliver oxygen to the working muscles and therefore generate ATP or energy (Astrand et al., 2003). Performance enhancement drugs are becoming increasingly popular as athletes are under extreme pressure to enhance their performance (Shermer, 2008). The purpose of this study was to look for a safe alternative to increase oxygen consumption during exercise. The aim included determining whether the homeopathic remedy Arsenicum album 200CH had an effect on oxygen consumption during submaximal cycling. The study consisted of 32 healthy participants who were randomly divided into a control (placebo) or experimental (treatment) group. Two baseline tests were performed where no medication (remedy or placebo) was given two days apart and the average of the two were taken as the baseline average. After a further two days, the first medication test was conducted after participants were given the treatment 5 minutes prior to testing to ascertain the immediate effect of the medication. The last test was performed after one week of administering where the medication was given twice daily to distinguish what the prolonged effect of the medication was on oxygen consumption. The test consisted of a warm-up at 25-Watts for women and 50-Watts for men, the test included cycling at 3 minute increments where the wattage was increased every 3 minutes by 25-Watts until the participants reached their age-predicted maximum. When this maximum was reached, the wattage was decreased to the warm-up wattage and a cool-down commenced. Heart rate was recorded every minute and documented. The participant was also asked to rate their perceived rate of exertion at the end of every 3minute stage, as a subjective measurement. Although the time periods of administration yielded different results, both were statistically insignificant. The immediate administration showed a negative trend whereas the prolonged administration showed a positive trend in the treatment group after one week. Despite not showing statistical significance, it warrants additional research over a longer period of time.
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Mpholwane, Matome Lieghtone. "The determinants of running performance in middle distance female athletes." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/5426.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT
Male subjects are invariably used to study the physiological determinants of middle
distance running performance. Studies that do include females have examined only the
aerobic contribution to middle distance running performance. The aim of the present
study was to investigate aerobic, anaerobic and muscle function factors that could be used
to predict middle distance running performance in female runners. This study was
performed at an altitude of 1800m.
Eleven middle distance female runners aged 18-20 were selected for the study.
Aerobic capacity was assessed by measuring the maximal oxygen consumption
(VO2max), running velocity at maximal oxygen consumption (vVO2max), running
economy (RE) and onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA).
The blood lactate curve of each subject was constructed by relating the oxygen
consumption, to the plasma lactate concentrations.
Anaerobic capacity was determined by measuring the maximum accumulated oxygen
deficit (MAOD) on a treadmill. Muscle function was assessed by having the subjects
cycle as fast as possible against changing brake weights ranging from heavy to light using
a Monark cycle ergometer. The brake force (kg) was related to velocity (rpm).
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hu, wei-chun, and 胡薇均. "The Validity of 1600 Meter Run-and-Walk and 1600 Meter Fast Walk to Predict the Maximal Oxygen Consumption and Their,s Correlation to Body Fat." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14456457740304617350.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立體育學院
運動傷害防護研究所
93
The Ministry of Education administers fitness passport in order to improve the elementary and junior high students, fitness and exercise habits. One of the representative items to test heart function to boys and girls is 1600 meters and 800 meters run-and-walk. Kline (1987) think 1600 meters is one of the tests that can predict the maximal oxygen consumption. However, the researches in these topics about junior school are seldom. This research proceeds 1600 meters run-walk test and 1600 meters fast walk test in junior high school boy students to compare the correlation of the tests and the maximal oxygen consumption. The result is 1600 meters fast walk has remarkable correlation with the maximal oxygen consumption, but 1600 meters run-and-walk and body fat are not correlative in it. The participants, the maximal oxygen consumption are lower than the other scholars, results, it shows junior high school students, the maximal oxygen consumption are lower now. Thirteen of the twenty-nine participants, body fat is higher than the normal range, it also shows the junior high school boy students are more fat now.
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Kotas, Jan. "Analýza indikátorů vytrvalostních schopností u vybraných testů ve vztahu ke kontinuálnímu a intermitentnímu zatížení." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-348585.
Full textAbstract:
Title Analysis of the endurance indicators in selected tests in relation to continuous and intermittent loading Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of the prediction formulas for indirect estimation VO2max from performances in the field tests. The criterion for comparing estimated values were results from laboratory spiroergometry test. Methods Ten physically active males (24,5 ± 2,5 years, 179,5 ± 6,2 cm, 75,8 ± 4,9 kg, BMI 23,5 ± 1,3 kg/m2 ) performed four different test sessions. Laboratory treadmill test was used for the direct measurement of the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and three field tests for indirect estimation of the VO2max (Cooper test, Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 and 2). All the performances from field tests were calculated using prediction formulas. Results Directly measured values of VO2max during laboratory testing were in average 58,24 ± 2,77 ml.kg-1 .min-1 . Indirectly estimated values of VO2max from performances in the Cooper test were in average 61,15 ± 3,73 ml.kg-1 .min-1 , in Yo-Yo IRT1 52,46 ± 2,51 ml.kg-1 .min-1 and in Yo-Yo IRT2 53,19 ± 1,56 ml.kg-1 .min-1 . There was found large positive correlation between laboratory testing and Cooper test (r = 0,76). This correlation was the only one statistically significant. The...
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Bakken, Timo Andre. "Effects of block periodization training versus traditional periodization training in trained cross country skiers." Thesis, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3153.
Full textAbstract:
Aim The overall aim of this study was to develop a broader understanding on how to optimize the organization of aerobic endurance training programs, and especially how to better organize high-intensity training (HIT) and low intensity training (LIT) to give an optimum endurance performance progress. Method This study compared the effects of two different training organization methods in trained cross-country (XC) skiers and biathletes. During a 5 week intervention period, one group of athletes (n = 10, 7 men and 3 women, age 23 ± 9 years) performed block periodization (BP) training with 5-1-3-1-1 HIT sessions in the respective weeks. The other group of athletes(n = 9, 7 men and 2 women, age 22 ± 5) followed a more traditional periodization (TRAD) method performing 2-2-3-2-2 HIT sessions. LIT was interspersed between the HIT sessions so that both groups performed similar total volumes of HIT and LIT during the intervention period. Results The BP group increased relative and absolute VO2max (2.6 ± 3.6% and 2.0 ± 2.5%, P < 0.05) and time to exhaustion (6.1 ± 6.4%, P < 0.01). No changes were seen in the TRAD group on relative or absolute VO2max (0.8 ± 3.5% and -0.1 ± 3.0%) or time to exhaustion (-2.0 ± 7.7%). Mean effects size (ES) of the relative and absolute improvement in VO2max and time to exhaustion revealed small to moderate effects of performing BP training vs. TRAD training (ES range from 0.51 to 1.14). Conclusions This study indicates that organizing endurance training in XC skiers with block periodization training give better adaptations compared to performing traditional periodization training during a 5 week training period when performing similar volumes of high-intensity and low intensity training.