Relevant bibliographies by topics / Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC)"

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Shang, Zhihui, Tao Zhang, Yueming Cai, Weiwei Yang, Hao Wu, Yu Zhang, and Liwei Tao. "Secure Transmission in Cognitive Wiretap Networks with Full-Duplex Receivers." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5 (March 7, 2020): 1840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10051840.

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This paper studies the secure transmission in the dual-hop cognitive wiretap networks, where the secondary transmitter (Alice) aims to transmit confidential information to the secondary receiver (Bob) in the face of a multi-antenna relay (Relay), while the malicious eavesdropper (Eve) is used to eavesdrop the confidential information from Alice and Relay. To improve security, we design two transmission schemes, namely maximal-ratio combining/maximal-ratio transmission-selection combining (MRC/MRT-SC) with half-duplex (HD) receiver and maximal-ratio combining-zero forcing beamforming/maximal-ratio transmission-selection combining-zero forcing beamforming (MRC-ZFB/MRT-SC-ZFB) with full-duplex (FD) receiver. To evaluate the secrecy performance obtained from the proposed schemes comprehensively, the new closed-form and simple asymptotic expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and secrecy throughput (ST) of our considered networks with MRC-ZFB/MRT-SC-ZFB and MRC/MRT-SC schemes are derived, respectively. Thus, we explore the effect of various schemes on system secrecy performance in terms of SOP and ST. Analytical results and numerical simulations demonstrate that MRC-ZFB/MRT-SC-ZFB achieves better performance in the two proposed schemes. In particular, we show that the FD receiver plays a crucial role in designing the cognitive wiretap networks for protecting the legitimate link against attack from the malicious eavesdropping.
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Stefanovic, Mihajlo, Stefan Panic, Jelena Anastasov, Aleksandra Cvetkovic, and Zoran Popovic. "Capacity evaluation for maximal ratio combining over κ-μ fading channels." Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 8, no. 2 (2011): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sjee1102221s.

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Analysis of channel capacity per unit bandwidth of L - branch maximal ratio combining (MRC) receiver operating over ?-? fading channels for two adaptive transmission schemes is presented in this paper. Using the proposed system model, the optimal power and rate adaptation and constant transmit power policies are analyzed. New expressions for capacity evaluation are derived in terms of finite sums. The effects of diversity order and fading parameters on the channel capacity for given techniques have been considered and numerically presented.
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Khumyat, Tanapong. "On the Performance of the Layered-Division-Multiplexing using Maximal-Ratio Combining." ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics, and Communications 16, no. 2 (August 20, 2012): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37936/ecti-eec.2018162.171334.

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This article proposes the diversity gain enhancement in layered division multiplexing (LDM) systems by applying maximal-ratio combining (MRC) technique. LDM systems is adopted as a baseline technology of the ATSC 3.0 systems which the two transmission layers are simultaneously transmitted over two different types of fading channels for fixed and mobile services. Hence, the performance analysis of each layer need to be evaluated on different type of fading channel. Starting with the moment generating function (MGF) of the MRC output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), we propose the new method to derive closed-form expressions for average symbol-error rate (SER) of the proposed systems over Rayleigh and Nakagami-m fading channels in the presence of error propagation (EP) that is generated from the first layer detection. Analytical results show that the specific value of injection level at the transmitter need to be precisely defined to obtain the best mutual benefit for both LDM layers, and the proposed technique has significant performance advantage over conventional LDM systems. Simulation results demonstrate the tightness of the author’s analysis.
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Widodo, Slamet, and Sri Anggraeni Kadiran. "RANCANG BANGUN DAN PENGUJIAN TEKNIK MRC PADA PENERIMA TV DVB T2." Just TI (Jurnal Sains Terapan Teknologi Informasi) 11, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46964/justti.v11i1.129.

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Teknik maximal ratio combining (MRC) merupakan salah satu teknik combining diversity yang digunakan untuk mengatasi terjadinya fading pada sistem transmisi radio. Fading pada transmisi TV digital DVB T2 menyebabkan gambar berhenti dan suara terganggu. Dari penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa secara simulasi, teknik MRC mempunyai kualitas paling baik dibanding teknik combining lainnya. Pada penelitian ini, telah dibuat rangkaian MRC dengan dua input. Sinyal yang datang dikuatkan kemudian masuk ke rangkaian penggeser fasa. Untuk menghindari pembuatan IC, proses combining dilakukan pada tingkat RF (radio frequency). MRC menggabungkan dua antena penerima TV yang berjarak ¼ λ. Hasil pengukuran di laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa sistem penerima yang dibuat berhasil menggabungkan dua input sinyal pada tingkat RF, dengan penguatan yang lebih besar. Pengujian penerimaan siaran TV digital DVB T2 di daerah semarang pada kondisi diam menunjukkan bahwa sistem dapat menerima seluruh stasiun pemancar TV digital DVB T2 di semarang dengan kualitas yang baik. Pada jarak 9 Km dari stasiun pemancar, daya yang diterima sebelum menggunakan MRC – 77,3 dBm, setelah menggunakan MRC - 71,2 dBm.
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Qin, Dong, Yuhao Wang, and Tianqing Zhou. "Performance Analysis of AF Relays with Maximal Ratio Combining in Nakagami-m Fading Environments." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (February 24, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1613690.

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This paper investigates the maximal ratio combining (MRC) performance of an amplify and forward (AF) relay system in Nakagami-m fading environments. The study considers a general scenario with distinct m fading parameters for the following three links, source to relay link, and source to destination link and relay to destination link. We derive new closed form expressions for the statistics of important performance metrics, including the moment generating function, outage probability, higher order moments of equivalent signal to noise ratio (SNR), ergodic capacity, and average symbol error probability (SEP) of common modulation types. In particular, we focus on analytical SEP expressions in the context of an additive white generalized Gaussian noise (AWGGN). As an active area of research, generalized noise receives much attention for its flexible model. However, analytical performance of modulation scheme in generalized noise type has not been found in open literature for AF relaying with MRC despite its practical usefulness. Without the help of analytical solutions, the SEP in generalized noise can only be obtained by a large number of repeated simulation experiments. Therefore, we present the general SEP expression by using special Fox’s H function. Simulation results verify the accuracy of our theoretical analysis and show that the diversity order of MRC criterion linearly depends upon Nakagami parameters of three links.
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Agarwal, Rupali, Neelam Srivastava, and Himanshu Katiyar. "Theoretical Investigation of Different Diversity Combining Techniques in Cognitive Radio." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology 3 (September 28, 2018): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2018.124618.

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In this paper, the performance of an energy detector in cognitive radio, using different diversity combining techniques, is evaluated. Among many diversity combining techniques, maximal ratio combining (MRC) gives the best results but at the cost of the highest complexity. To design a simpler receiver, it is suggested to use less complex combining techniques, i.e. switched diversity, which provides one of the least complex solutions to combat fading. The paper analyzes two switched diversity schemes, switch examine combining (SEC), and switch examine combining with post examining selection (SECp). A closed form expression determining the probability of detection using MRC, SEC and SECp is derived for various numbers of branches. Detection performance with different diversity combining techniques is compared and the complexity trade-off is observed.
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Tin, Phu Tran, Tan N. Nguyen, Dinh-Hieu Tran, Miroslav Voznak, Van-Duc Phan, and Symeon Chatzinotas. "Performance Enhancement for Full-Duplex Relaying with Time-Switching-Based SWIPT in Wireless Sensors Networks." Sensors 21, no. 11 (June 2, 2021): 3847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113847.

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Full-duplex (FD) with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) in wireless ad hoc networks has received increased attention as a technology for improving spectrum and energy efficiency. This paper studies the outage performance for a SWIPT-based decode-and-forward (DF) FD relaying network consisting of a single-antenna source S, a two-antenna relay R, and a multi-antenna destination D. Specifically, we propose four protocols, namely static time-switching factor with selection combining (STSF-SC), static time-switching factor with maximal ratio combining (STSF-MRC), optimal dynamic time-switching factor with selection combining (ODTSF-SC), and optimal dynamic time-switching factor with maximal ratio combining (ODTSF-MRC) to fully investigate the outage performance of the proposed system. In particular, the optimal time-switching factor from the ODTSF-SC and ODTSF-MRC methods is designed to maximize the total received data at the destination. In this context, we derive exact closed-formed expressions for all schemes in terms of the outage probability (OP). Finally, the Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to corroborate the theoretical analysis’s correctness and the proposed schemes’ effectiveness.
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He, Xue Wen, and Yan Meng Wang. "Research and Simulation of Ultra Wideband Based on Rake Receiver." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 2673–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.2673.

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The Ultra Wideband signal with multiple multipath component and use the Rake receiver can combine energy of multipath components. Using Rake reception, the performance of three kinds of receiving methods is compared with binary Ultra Wideband signal using the Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC), and got the simulation results.
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Shankar, P. M. "Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) in Shadowed Fading Channels in Presence of Shadowed Fading Cochannel Interference (CCI)." Wireless Personal Communications 68, no. 1 (October 29, 2011): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-011-0436-y.

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Nguyen, Tan N., Minh Tran, Van-Duc Phan, and Tran Thanh Trang. "Outage probability analysis of dual energy harvesting relay network over rayleigh fading channel using SC and MRC technique." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 803. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i2.pp803-811.

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<p><span>In this paper, the system model of dual-energy harvesting relay network over Rayleigh fading channel and the comparison between Selecting Combining (SC) and Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) technique cases are proposed and investigated. The closed-form expression of the outage probability for the SC case and the integral-form expression of the outage probability for MRC case is derived. Moreover, the influence of the main parameters on the system performance is demonstrated entirely by the Monte Carlo simulation. From the results, we can see that all simulation and analytical results match well with each other.</span></p>
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC)"

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ISLAM, MD JAHERUL. "Performance Analysis of Diversity Techniques for Wireless Communication System." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1962.

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Different diversity techniques such as Maximal-Ratio Combining (MRC), Equal-Gain Combining (EGC) and Selection Combining (SC) are described and analyzed. Two branches (N=2) diversity systems that are used for pre-detection combining have been investigated and computed. The statistics of carrier to noise ratio (CNR) and carrier to interference ratio (CIR) without diversity assuming Rayleigh fading model have been examined and then measured for diversity systems. The probability of error (p_e) vs CNR and (p_e) versus CIR have also been obtained. The fading dynamic range of the instantaneous CNR and CIR is reduced remarkably when diversity systems are used [1]. For a certain average probability of error, a higher valued average CNR and CIR is in need for non-diversity systems [1]. But a smaller valued of CNR and CIR are compared to diversity systems. The overall conclusion is that maximal-ratio combining (MRC) achieves the best performance improvement compared to other combining methods. Diversity techniques are very useful to improve the performance of high speed wireless channel to transmit data and information. The problems which considered in this thesis are not new but I have tried to organize, prove and analyze in new ways.
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Coskun, Adem. "Downlink Transmission Techniques For Multi User Multi Input Multi Output Wireless Communications." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608750/index.pdf.

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Multi-user MIMO (MIMO-MU) communication techniques make use of available channel state information at the transmitter to mitigate the inter-user interference. The goal of these techniques is to provide the least interference at the mobile stations by applying a precoding operation. In this thesis a comparison of available techniques in the literature such as Channel Decomposition, SINR Balancing, Joint-MMSE optimization is presented. Novel techniques for the MIMO multi-user downlink communication systems, where a single stream is transmitted to each user are proposed. The proposed methods, different from the other methods in the literature, use a simple receiver to combat the interference. It has been shown that MRC based receivers are as good as more complicated joint MMSE receivers.
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Uggalla, L. C. "A resilient Ka-band satellite video broadcast system incorporating time diversity and maximal ratio combining." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.702332.

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Steadily-increasing user demand for a wide range of high-quality video services delivered via satellite has driven broadcasters to move into the Ka-band and higher frequency spectrum in order to accommodate the necessary data rates. However, a major issue at these frequencies is the effect of severe rain-induced fading on link reliability, which requires that the system must be designed to implement mitigation techniques in order to achieve an acceptable quality-of-service. These techniques generally involve the use of adaptive modulation and data rates, together with various forms of diversity, switching or combining. In this thesis, we analyse and quantify the benefits of adding Time Diversity (TD) and Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) to the widely-used DVB-S2 standard. Our results, which are based on i) 3 years of satellite beacon propagation measurements from 2 UK sites; ii) high-fidelity computer simulations; and iii) our new TD / MRC technology, indicate that substantial improvements in data throughput and significant reductions in outage time are readily achievable. Accurate knowledge of the statistical distribution of rain attenuation is necessary for the proper design of a Fade Mitigation Technique (FMT) to operate with the required level of service availability. Therefore, since July 2010, the University of South Wales and the Science and Technology Facilities Council have undertaken a programme of simultaneous satellite beacon measurements at the University campus in Pontypridd, Wales, and at the STFC Chilbolton Observatory, in Southern England, respectively. Transmissions from the Eutelsat Hotbird l3A (previously Hotbird 6) satellite at 19.7 GHz were recorded, together with meteorological measurements, at both sites. These data enabled reliable estimation of the instantaneous propagation conditions and carrier-to-noise ratio on the Ku-band beacon downlinks. Using standard ITU-R recommendations, the resulting data-set of measured 19.7 GHz attenuations was also frequency- scaled to yield a predicted data-set of 29.5 GHz attenuations. Thereby, the performance of an operationally-representative, hypothetical DVB-S2 communications link, with uplink at 30 GHz (from Chilbolton to the satellite), and downlink at 20 GHz (from the satellite to Pontypridd), was analysed based on l-year's data. The DVB-S2 transmission and reception signal processing architecture has been faithfully implemented in the MATLAB simulation environment with reference to the appropriate technical standards documents. Extensive testing has been conducted to verify that the bit error rate performance of the MATLAB simulation closely matches that defined in the DVB-S2 standard for all combinations of modulation schemes and coding rates. Inputs to the simulator comprise a test data stream (which can be a real HDTV signal), together with the uplink and downlink attenuation time- series data for the fading event being studied. Outputs consist of the bit error rate statistics and modulation scheme / coding rate configuration as a function of time, the total data throughput over the event duration, and the demodulated baseband signal. A novel feature of this work is the extension of the existing DVB-S2 standard to include TD and MRC. During periods of fading, TD is enabled, such that the transmitted data is duplicated into 2 parallel streams with a suitably-chosen time offset between them. In the receiver, MRC is employed in order to obtain a greater SNR improvement than could be achieved by the more traditional switched-combining method. We have designated this extended version of the DVB-S2 standard, incorporating the twin techniques of TO and MRC, as DVB-S2-TD. It provides the potential to continue delivering services at SNRs significantly below the currently acceptable threshold for DVB-S2, such as would be experienced under the propagation impairments associated with severe weather conditions. In this thesis, we describe the experimental systems used to collect the satellite beacon and meteorological measurements. The implementation of the MATLAB simulator for DVB-S2 is then discussed, together with the enhancements for TD and MRC. Finally, we compare the performance of DVB-S2 and DVB-S2-TD, so as to demonstrate the operational benefits of our new techniques.
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Ben, Salem Aymen. "The Application of Multiuser Detection to Spectrally Efficient MIMO or Virtual MIMO SC-FDMA Uplinks in LTE Systems." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30351.

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Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) is a multiple access transmission scheme that has been adopted in the 4th generation 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) of cellular systems. In fact, its relatively low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) makes it ideal for the uplink transmission where the transmit power efficiency is of paramount importance. Multiple access among users is made possible by assigning different users to different sets of non-overlapping subcarriers. With the current LTE specifications, if an SC-FDMA system is operating at its full capacity and a new user requests channel access, the system redistributes the subcarriers in such a way that it can accommodate all of the users. Having less subcarriers for transmission, every user has to increase its modulation order (for example from QPSK to 16QAM) in order to keep the same transmission rate. However, increasing the modulation order is not always possible in practice and may introduce considerable complexity to the system. The technique presented in this thesis report describes a new way of adding more users to an SC-FDMA system by assigning the same sets of subcarriers to different users. The main advantage of this technique is that it allows the system to accommodate more users than conventional SC-FDMA and this corresponds to increasing the spectral efficiency without requiring a higher modulation order or using more bandwidth. During this work, special attentions wee paid to the cases where two and three source signals are being transmitted on the same set of subcarriers, which leads respectively to doubling and tripling the spectral efficiency. Simulation results show that by using the proposed technique, it is possible to add more users to any SC-FDMA system without increasing the bandwidth or the modulation order while keeping the same performance in terms of bit error rate (BER) as the conventional SC-FDMA. This is realized by slightly increasing the energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio (Eb/N0) at the transmitters.
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Chi, Zhanjiang. "Performance Analysis of Maximal-Ratio Combining and Space-Time Block Codes with Transmit Antenna Selection over Nakagami-m Fading Channels." School of Electrical and Information Engineering, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2012.

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Master of Engineering (Research)
The latest wireless communication techniques such as highspeed wireless internet application demand higher data rates and better quality of service (QoS). However, transmission reliability is still degraded by harsh propagation channels. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems can increase the system capacity and improve transmission reliability. By transmitting multiple copies of data, a MIMO system can effectively combat the effects of fading. Due to the high hardware cost of a MIMO system, antenna selection techniques have been applied in MIMO system design to reduce the system complexity and cost. The Nakagami-m distribution has been considered for MIMO channel modeling since a wide range of fading channels, from severe to moderate, can be modeled by using Nakagami-m distribution. The Rayleigh distribution is a special case of the Nakagami-m distribution. In this thesis, we analyze the error performance of two MIMO schemes: maximal-ratio combining with transmit antenna selection (the TAS/MRC scheme) and space-time block codes with transmit antenna selection (the TAS/STBC scheme) over Nakagami-m fading channels. In the TAS/MRC scheme, one of multiple transmit antennas, which maximizes the total received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), is selected for uncoded data transmission. First we use a moment generating function based (MGF-based) approach to derive the bit error rate (BER) expressions for binary phase shift keying (BPSK), the symbol error rate (SER) expressions for M-ray phase shift keying (MPSK) and M-ray quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) of the TAS/MRC scheme over Nakagami-m fading channels with arbitrary and integer fading parameters m. The asymptotic performance is also investigated. It is revealed that the asymptotic diversity order is equal to the product of the Nakagami fading parameter m, the number of transmit antenna Lt and the number of receive antenna Lr as if all transmit antenna were used. Then a Gaussian Q-functions approach is used to investigate the error performance of the TAS/STBC scheme over Nakagami-m fading channels. In the TAS/STBC scheme, two transmit antennas, which maximize the output SNR, are selected for transmission. The exact and asymptotic BER expressions for BPSK are obtained for the TAS/STBC schemes with three and four transmit antennas. It is shown that the TAS/STBC scheme can provide a full diversity order of mLtLr.
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Williams, Ian E. "Channel Equalization and Spatial Diversity for Aeronautical Telemetry Applications." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605946.

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ITC/USA 2010 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Sixth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 25-28, 2010 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California
This work explores aeronautical telemetry communication performance with the SOQPSK- TG ARTM waveforms when frequency-selective multipath corrupts received information symbols. A multi-antenna equalization scheme is presented where each antenna's unique multipath channel is equalized using a pilot-aided optimal linear minimum mean-square error filter. Following independent channel equalization, a maximal ratio combining technique is used to generate a single receiver output for detection. This multi-antenna equalization process is shown to improve detection performance over maximal ratio combining alone.
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Joshi, Gaurav Gaurang. "Four Branch Diversity Combining and Adaptive Beamforming Measurements Using Mobile Arrays at 2.05 GHz." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43757.

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Mobile arrays employing diversity combining and adaptive beamforming techniques overcome multipath fading, improve coverage, and increase capacity in wireless communications systems. In this thesis, diversity combining and adaptive beamforming performance of different four element arrays for mobile (vehicular speed) and portable (pedestrian speed) terminals is investigated. The performance of four element arrays with different configurations and with different element patterns is compared using the square array of four half-wave dipole elements as the baseline. Results from diversity and beamforming measurements, performed in urban and suburban environments for both line-of-sight (LOS) and obstructed multipath channels are used to analyze and compare the performances of different four element arrays. At cumulative probabilities of 10%, 1% and 0.1%, diversity gain and improvement in signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) are calculated from the diversity combining measurements and interference rejection measurements respectively. Experimental results illustrating the dependence of diversity gain on power imbalance, envelope correlation and diversity-combining scheme are presented. Measurements were performed at 2.05 GHz using the handheld antenna array testbed (HAAT). Low profile linear arrays are shown to provide diversity gain values of 5 to 8 dB and 11 to 16 dB, respectively for switched and maximal ratio combining at the 99% reliability level in non-line-of-sight urban channel. Interference cancellation of 24 to 28 dB was recorded in urban and suburban line-of-sight (LOS) channels for the sectorized square array. Results of vehicular measurements with the arrays mounted on a ground plane supported above the vehicle roof are also reported.
Master of Science
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Wong, Yi Jim. "Link analyses and LPD/AJ strategies for IEEE 802.16a." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/55209.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
In military operations, covertness of operation is of paramount importance. The transmission power of the data link must be kept to the minimum to maintain a low probability of detection (LPD) from the adversary. However, a reduction in the transmitted power implies a reduction in the operating range, though the detection range by the enemy is also reduced. Therefore, to reduce the enemy’s detection range while maintaining operating distance, this thesis explores strategies to discriminate gain against an adversary’s sensor. The strategies involve using processing gain, directional antennas, polarization and the natural environment as a transmission shield. The processing gain strategy analyzed in this thesis uses a diversity technique called Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) applied to an IEEE 802.16a link. Sinclair D. Smith carried out a study on the possible processing gain derivable from this technique and this thesis will bring his results to practical applications via link analyses. In the event that the link is detected and the enemy decides to carry out jamming, the thesis explores a possible anti-jamming (AJ) strategy by using MRC and a directional antenna. Daniel P. Zastrow carried out a study on the AJ capability of MRC and this thesis brings his results to practical applications via link analyses.
Major, Republic of Singapore Airforce
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Olandim, Richard John Lintulahti. "Diversidade espacial na recepção em sistemas ISDB-Tb." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2015. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1464.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:37:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RICHARD JOHN LINTULAHTI OLANDIM.pdf: 2276167 bytes, checksum: 0d3c0536034c612074740ab02558a1be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-25
In Brazil, the broadcasting system for television content in high definition is the ISDB-Tb. Although robust, the content transmission in this system, like in any radio frequency propagation, can suffer from external attenuating factors, such as distortion by multipath propagation. One of the techniques used in radio communications for minimizing the effects of this type of distortion is the spatial diversity reception, which uses multiple antennas connected to a single receiver. The signals, received by different antennas, are combined, in a technique known as MRC or Maximal Ratio Combiner, so that the output signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the individual signal-to-noise ratios, allowing the successfully decoding of the received content, even though the individual signal in each antenna does not have sufficient quality to be decoded independently. This study aims to establish a method of spatial diversity in receiving television signals in ISDB-Tb, pondering between the advantages and disadvantages of their use in edge regions of coverage, where the reception of the Brazilian digital TV system is not yet total.
No Brasil, o sistema de radiodifusão para conteúdos televisivos em alta definição é o ISDB-Tb. Apesar de robusto, a transmissão de conteúdos neste sistema, como qualquer propagação em radiofrequência, pode sofrer com fatores externos atenuantes, como por exemplo a distorção por propagação em multi-percurso. Uma das técnicas utilizadas em radiocomunicação para que se minimizem os efeitos deste tipo de distorção é a diversidade espacial na recepção, que utiliza múltiplas antenas conectadas a um mesmo receptor. Os sinais, recebidos pelas diferentes antenas, são trabalhados em uma técnica conhecida como MRC ou Combinação de Máxima Razão, de modo que a relação sinal-ruído de saída seja maior do que as relações sinal-ruído individuais, permitindo a decodificação do conteúdo com sucesso, mesmo que os sinais individuais em cada antena não tenham qualidade suficiente para serem decodificados independentemente. Este estudo tem como objetivo propor um método de diversidade espacial na recepção de sinais televisivos no padrão brasileiro ISDB-Tb, ponderando entre as vantagens e desvantagens de sua utilização em regiões de borda de cobertura, onde a recepção do sistema brasileiro de TV digital ainda não é total.
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Chi, Xuan. "The Impact of Channel Estimation Error on Space-Time Block and Trellis Codes in Flat and Frequency Selective Channels." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33963.

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Recently multiple antenna systems have received significant attention from researchers as a means to improve the energy and spectral efficiency of wireless systems. Among many classes of schemes, Space-Time Block codes (STBC) and Space-Time Trellis codes (STTC) have been the subject of many investigations.

Both techniques provide a means for combatting the effects of multipath fading without adding much complexity to the receiver. This is especially useful in the downlink of wireless systems. In this thesis we investigate the impact of channel estimation error on the performance of both STBC and STTC.

Channel estimation is especially important to consider in multiple antenna systems since (A) for coherent systems there are more channels to estimate due to multiple antennas and (B) the decoupling of data streams relies on correct channel estimation. The latter effect is due to the intentional cross-talk introduced into STBC.
Master of Science

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Book chapters on the topic "Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC)"

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Weik, Martin H. "maximal-ratio-square diversity combining method." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 986. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_11188.

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Lam Thanh, Tu, Tiep M. Hoang, Vo Nguyen Quoc Bao, and Hien M. Nguyen. "Impact of Direct Communications on the Performance of Cooperative Spectrum-Sharing with Two-Way Relays and Maximal Ratio Combining." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 276–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05873-9_23.

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Siriteanu, Constantin, and Steven D. Blostein. "Eigencombining." In Handbook on Advancements in Smart Antenna Technologies for Wireless Networks, 1–32. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-988-5.ch001.

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This chapter unifies the principles and analyses of conventional signal processing algorithms for receive-side smart antennas, and compares their performance and numerical complexity. The chapter starts with a brief look at the traditional single-antenna optimum symbol-detector, continues with analyses of conventional smart antenna algorithms, i.e., statistical beamforming (BF) and maximal-ratio combining (MRC), and culminates with an assessment of their recently proposed superset known as eigencombining or eigenbeamforming. BF or MRC performance fluctuates with changing propagation conditions, although their numerical complexity remains constant. Maximal-ratio eigencombining (MREC) has been devised to achieve best (i.e., near-MRC) performance for complexity that matches the actual channel conditions. The authors derive MREC outage probability and average error probability expressions applicable for any correlation. Particular cases apply to BF and MRC. These tools and numerical complexity assessments help demonstrate the advantages of MREC versus BF or MRC in realistic scenarios.
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Sharma, Akanksha, Lavish Kansal, Gurjot Singh Gaba, and Mohamed Mounir. "Image Transmission Analysis Using MIMO-OFDM Systems." In Design Methodologies and Tools for 5G Network Development and Application, 157–74. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4610-9.ch008.

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This chapter demonstrates various ways for transmitting an image file using MIMO-OFDM systems which have anti-error ability to reduce BER. Furthermore, various diversity combining techniques like maximal ratio combining (MRC), selection combining (SC) are incorporated along with transmitting diversity scheme (i.e., beamforming). Different modulation techniques (viz. QPSK, 16-PSK, and 64-PSK) are used and evaluated in terms of BER vs. SNR considering different combination of transmitters and receivers. Lastly, results showed that in the transmission course, BER is considerably reduced and the image quality is found much better in comparison to other schemes.
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Nallagonda, Srinivas, Sanjay Dhar Roy, Sumit Kundu, Gianluigi Ferrari, and Riccardo Raheli. "Cooperative Spectrum Sensing with Censoring of Cognitive Radios and MRC-Based Fusion in Fading and Shadowing Channels." In Advances in Wireless Technologies and Telecommunication, 38–67. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6571-2.ch002.

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In this chapter, the authors study the performance of Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS) with soft data fusion, given by Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC)-based fusion with Weibull faded channels, and Log-normal shadowed channels. More precisely, they evaluate the performance of a MRC-based CSS with Cognitive Radios (CRs) censored on the basis of the quality of the reporting channels. The performance of CSS with two censoring schemes, namely rank-based and threshold-based, is studied in the presence of Weibull fading, Rayleigh fading, and Log-normal shadowing in the reporting channels, considering MRC fusion. The performance is compared with those of schemes based on hard decision fusion rules. Furthermore, depending on perfect or imperfect Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) channel estimation, the authors analyze the impact of channel estimation strategy on the censoring schemes. The performance is studied in terms of missed detection probability as a function of several network, fading, and shadowing parameters.
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Beres, Elzbieta, and Raviraj Adve. "Relay Selection in Cooperative Networks." In Cooperative Communications for Improved Wireless Network Transmission, 260–79. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-665-5.ch009.

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Cooperative diversity has the potential of implementing spatial diversity and mitigating the adverse effects of channel fading without requiring multiple antennas at transmitters and receivers. Traditionally, cooperative diversity is implemented using maximal ratio combining (MRC), where all available nodes relay signals between the source and destination. It has recently been proposed, however, that for each source-destination transmission, only a single best node should be selected to act as a relay. The resulting scheme, referred to as selection cooperation or opportunistic relaying, outperforms MRC schemes and can be implemented in a distributed fashion with limited feedback. This result is not unexpected, as selection requires some (though very limited) information regarding instantaneous channel conditions, while MRC does not. When implemented in a distributed network, however, MRC does require feedback for the synchronization of nodes, rendering a comparison of the two schemes worthwhile and fair. In this chapter, we provide a detailed overview of selection. We begin with a single source-destination pair, and discuss its implementation and performance under various constraints and scenarios. We then discuss a less-common scenario, a multisource network where nodes act both as sources and as relays.
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Shrestha, Anish Prasad, and Kyung Sup Kwak. "Physical Layer Security in Multiuser Wireless Networks." In Developing Next-Generation Countermeasures for Homeland Security Threat Prevention, 263–81. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0703-1.ch012.

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Physical layer (PHY) security has recently gained considerable attention as an alternative option to cryptographic techniques since it can provide unconditional perfect secrecy. This chapter presents brief concept about PHY security and solutions along with quantitative measurement of secrecy performance for multiuser wireless networks. A typical transmitter in wireless communication may be required to send a confidential message to either a single or several users simultaneously. Aiming to provide comprehensive investigation of secrecy performance in such multiuser network, secure multicasting and opportunistic scheduling techniques are presented. Furthermore, to look into the effects of multiple antennas, system model under consideration employ maximal ratio combining at receiver.
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Conference papers on the topic "Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC)"

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Khodeir, Mahmoud A., Mamoun F. Al-Mistarihi, Razan Shatnawi, and Laila Alsaleh. "Security enhancement using maximum ratio combining (MRC) diversity over nakagami-m fading channels." In 2017 14th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccnc.2017.8013421.

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Castaneda-Trujillo, Eduardo, Ramiro Samano-Robles, and Atilio Gameiro. "Frequency-reuse planning of the down-link of distributed antenna systems with maximum-ratio-combining (MRC) receivers." In 2011 IEEE Third Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/latincom.2011.6107417.

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Tripathi, Prachi, Shivani Dixit, Roopali Agarwal, and M. Shukla. "Maximal Ratio Combining Diversity Technique for IDMA Systems." In 2015 Fifth International Conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies (CSNT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csnt.2015.238.

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Prakash, Shiva, and Ian McLoughlin. "Predictive Transmit Antenna Selection with Maximal Ratio Combining." In GLOBECOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2009.5425217.

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Kong, N. "Performance Comparison Among Conventional Selection Combining, Optimum Selection Combining and Maximal Ratio Combining." In ICC 2009 - 2009 IEEE International Conference on Communications. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icc.2009.5199319.

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Uctu, Goksel, and Melda Yuksel. "Maximal ratio combining with energy harvesting multi-antenna receivers." In 2015 23th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu.2015.7130179.

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Ma, J., Y. Zhang, X. Su, and Y. Yao. "Maximal Ratio Combining in Cellular MIMO-CDMA Downlink Systems." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Communications. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icc.2007.700.

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Angerer, Christoph, Robert Langwieser, Georg Maier, and Markus Rupp. "Maximal ratio combining receivers for dual antenna RFID readers." In 2009 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop on Wireless Sensing, Local Positioning, and RFID (IMWS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imws2.2009.5307888.

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Taniguchi, Tetsuki, Nordin Bin Ramli, and Yoshio Karasawa. "Maximal Ratio Combining Subband Adaptive Array Using Decision Feedback Approach." In 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isspit.2008.4775711.

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Yeh, Choong Il, In Kyeong Choi, Dong Seung Kwon, and Jee Hwan Ahn. "Performance Analysis of Maximal Ratio Combining of Spatially Filtered Signals." In 2007 Digest of Technical Papers International Conference on Consumer Electronics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce.2007.341396.

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