Academic literature on the topic 'Maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework'

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Journal articles on the topic "Maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework"

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Pennec, X., J. Ehrhardt, N. Ayache, H. Handels, and H. Hufnagel. "Computation of a Probabilistic Statistical Shape Model in a Maximum-a-posteriori Framework." Methods of Information in Medicine 48, no. 04 (2009): 314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me9228.

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Summary Objectives: When analyzing shapes and shape variabilities, the first step is bringing those shapes into correspondence. This is a fundamental problem even when solved by manually determining exact correspondences such as landmarks. We developed a method to represent a mean shape and a variability model for a training data set based on probabilistic correspondence computed between the observations. Methods: First, the observations are matched on each other with an affine transformation found by the Expectation-Maximization Iterative-Closest-Points (EM-ICP) registration. We then propose
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Coene, W. "A practical algorithm for maximum-likelihood HREM image reconstruction." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (1992): 986–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100129565.

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Reconstruction in HREM of the complex wave function at the exit face of a crystal foil out of a focal series of HREM images, and with correction for the microscope's aberrations, can be performed with a variety of algorithms depending on the approximations involved for the HREM image formation. The maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) recursive reconstruction algorithm of Kirkland is the most general one with the full benefit of the effects of non-linear imaging and partial coherence, which are correctly treated in terms of a transmission-cross-coefficient (TCC). However, the routine application of the
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Qi, Hong, Yaobin Qiao, Shuangcheng Sun, Yuchen Yao, and Liming Ruan. "Image Reconstruction of Two-Dimensional Highly Scattering Inhomogeneous Medium Using MAP-Based Estimation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/412315.

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A maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation based on Bayesian framework is applied to image reconstruction of two-dimensional highly scattering inhomogeneous medium. The finite difference method (FDM) and conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm serve as the forward and inverse solving models, respectively. The generalized Gaussian Markov random field model (GGMRF) is treated as the regularization, and finally the influence of the measurement errors and initial distributions is investigated. Through the test cases, the MAP estimate algorithm is demonstrated to greatly improve the reconstruction results o
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Wang, Zhongli, Litong Fan, and Baigen Cai. "A 3D Relative-Motion Context Constraint-Based MAP Solution for Multiple-Object Tracking Problems." Sensors 18, no. 7 (2018): 2363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18072363.

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Multi-object tracking (MOT), especially by using a moving monocular camera, is a very challenging task in the field of visual object tracking. To tackle this problem, the traditional tracking-by-detection-based method is heavily dependent on detection results. Occlusion and mis-detections will often lead to tracklets or drifting. In this paper, the tasks of MOT and camera motion estimation are formulated as finding a maximum a posteriori (MAP) solution of joint probability and synchronously solved in a unified framework. To improve performance, we incorporate the three-dimensional (3D) relativ
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Cui, Yan Qiu, Tao Zhang, Shuang Xu, and Hou Jie Li. "Bayesian Image Denoising Using an Anisotropic Markov Random Field Model." Key Engineering Materials 467-469 (February 2011): 2018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.467-469.2018.

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This paper presents a Bayesian denoising method based on an anisotropic Markov Random Field (MRF) model in wavelet domain in order to improve the image denoising performance and reduce the computational complexity. The classical single-resolution image restoration method using MRFs and the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation is extended to the wavelet domain. To obtain the accurate MAP estimation, a novel anisotropic MRF model is proposed under this framework. As compared to the simple isotropic MRF model, this new model can capture the intrascale dependencies of wavelet coefficients signifi
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Xu, Feng, Tanghuai Fan, Chenrong Huang, Xin Wang, and Lizhong Xu. "Block-Based MAP Superresolution Using Feature-Driven Prior Model." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/508357.

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In the field of image superresolution reconstruction (SRR), the prior can be employed to solve the ill-posed problem. However, the prior model is selected empirically and characterizes the entire image so that the local feature of image cannot be represented accurately. This paper proposes a feature-driven prior model relying on feature of the image and introduces a block-based maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework under which the image is split into several blocks to perform SRR. Therefore, the local feature of image can be characterized more accurately, which results in a better SRR. In proce
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YANG, WENJIA, LIHUA DOU, and JUAN ZHAN. "A MULTI-HISTOGRAM CLUSTERING APPROACH TOWARD MARKOV RANDOM FIELD FOR FOREGROUND SEGMENTATION." International Journal of Image and Graphics 11, no. 01 (2011): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219467811003993.

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This paper presents a Bayesian approach for foreground segmentation in monocular image sequences. To overcome the limitations of background modeling in dealing with pixel-wise processing, spatial coherence and temporal persistency are formulated with background model under a maximum a posteriori probability (MAP)–Markov random field statistical (MRF) framework. Fuzzy clustering factor was introduced into the prior energy of MRFs for the new implementation scheme, where contextual constraints can be adaptively adjusted in terms of feature cues. Experimental results for several image sequences a
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Cui, Wenchao, Yi Wang, Tao Lei, Yangyu Fan, and Yan Feng. "Level Set Segmentation of Medical Images Based on Local Region Statistics and Maximum a Posteriori Probability." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/570635.

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This paper presents a variational level set method for simultaneous segmentation and bias field estimation of medical images with intensity inhomogeneity. In our model, the statistics of image intensities belonging to each different tissue in local regions are characterized by Gaussian distributions with different means and variances. According to maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) and Bayes’ rule, we first derive a local objective function for image intensities in a neighborhood around each pixel. Then this local objective function is integrated with respect to the neighborhood center ove
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Pillow, Jonathan W., Yashar Ahmadian, and Liam Paninski. "Model-Based Decoding, Information Estimation, and Change-Point Detection Techniques for Multineuron Spike Trains." Neural Computation 23, no. 1 (2011): 1–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00058.

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One of the central problems in systems neuroscience is to understand how neural spike trains convey sensory information. Decoding methods, which provide an explicit means for reading out the information contained in neural spike responses, offer a powerful set of tools for studying the neural coding problem. Here we develop several decoding methods based on point-process neural encoding models, or forward models that predict spike responses to stimuli. These models have concave log-likelihood functions, which allow efficient maximum-likelihood model fitting and stimulus decoding. We present se
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Liu, Jia, Mingyu Zhang, Chaoyong Wang, Rongjun Chen, Xiaofeng An, and Yufei Wang. "Upper Bound on the Bit Error Probability of Systematic Binary Linear Codes via Their Weight Spectra." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2020 (January 29, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1469090.

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In this paper, upper bound on the probability of maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding error for systematic binary linear codes over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels is proposed. The proposed bound on the bit error probability is derived with the framework of Gallager’s first bounding technique (GFBT), where the Gallager region is defined to be an irregular high-dimensional geometry by using a list decoding algorithm. The proposed bound on the bit error probability requires only the knowledge of weight spectra, which is helpful when the input-output weight enumerating function (IOWE
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework"

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CARMO, F. L. "Melhoria da Convergência do Método Ica-Map para Remoção de Ruído em Sinal de Voz." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9621.

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Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T00:00:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_4705_DissLouvatti.pdf: 7714377 bytes, checksum: 4882a516f1ffdbc4fd342e10e0c06e83 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-10<br>O problema de separação de fontes consiste em recuperar um sinal latente de um conjunto de misturas observáveis. Em problemas de denoising, que podem ser encarados como um problema de separação de fontes, é necessário extrair um sinal de voz não observado a partir de um sinal contaminado por ruído. Em tal caso, uma importante abordagem baseia-se na análise de componentes independentes (m
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Bacharach, Lucien. "Caractérisation des limites fondamentales de l'erreur quadratique moyenne pour l'estimation de signaux comportant des points de rupture." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS322/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur l'étude des performances d'estimateurs en traitement du signal, et s'attache en particulier à étudier les bornes inférieures de l'erreur quadratique moyenne (EQM) pour l'estimation de points de rupture, afin de caractériser le comportement d'estimateurs, tels que celui du maximum de vraisemblance (dans le contexte fréquentiste), mais surtout du maximum a posteriori ou de la moyenne conditionnelle (dans le contexte bayésien). La difficulté majeure provient du fait que, pour un signal échantillonné, les paramètres d'intérêt (à savoir les points de rupture) appartiennent à u
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Karlsson, Fredrik. "Matting of Natural Image Sequences using Bayesian Statistics." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2355.

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<p>The problem of separating a non-rectangular foreground image from a background image is a classical problem in image processing and analysis, known as matting or keying. A common example is a film frame where an actor is extracted from the background to later be placed on a different background. Compositing of these objects against a new background is one of the most common operations in the creation of visual effects. When the original background is of non-constant color the matting becomes an under determined problem, for which a unique solution cannot be found. </p><p>This thesis describ
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Sekhi, Ikram. "Développement d'un alphabet structural intégrant la flexibilité des structures protéiques." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC084/document.

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L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer un Alphabet Structural (AS) permettant une caractérisation fine et précise des structures tridimensionnelles (3D) des protéines, à l’aide des chaînes de Markov cachées (HMM) qui permettent de prendre en compte la logique issue de l’enchaînement des fragments structuraux en intégrant l’augmentation des conformations 3D des structures protéiques désormais disponibles dans la banque de données de la Protein Data Bank (PDB). Nous proposons dans cette thèse un nouvel alphabet, améliorant l’alphabet structural HMM-SA27,appelé SAFlex (Structural Alphabet Flex
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McGarry, Gregory John. "Model-based mammographic image analysis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002.

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Samarasinghe, Devanarayanage Pradeepa. "Efficient methodologies for real-time image restoration." Phd thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/9859.

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In this thesis we investigate the problem of image restoration. The main focus of our research is to come up with novel algorithms and enhance existing techniques in order to deliver efficient and effective methodologies, applicable in real-time image restoration scenarios. Our research starts with a literature review, which identifies the gaps in existing techniques and helps us to come up with a novel classification on image restoration, which integrates and discusses more recent developments in the area of image restoration. With this novel classification, we identified three major areas w
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Carvajal, Rodrigo. "EM-based channel estimation for Multicarrier communication systems." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/938545.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>This thesis addresses the general problem of channel estimation in Multicarrier communication systems. This estimation problem, inter-alia, includes the joint estimation of channel noise variance, carrier frequency offset and phase noise bandwidth. A general state-space model is developed for multicarrier systems that represents any modulation scheme, by separating the signals into their real and imaginary parts. The approach presented in this thesis relies on the statistical representation of the signals of interest. The approach is valid for
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Αγγελόπουλος, Aπόστολος. "Επαναληπτική αποκωδικοποίηση χωροχρονικών κωδικών (space-time codes) σε συστήματα ορθογώνιας πολυπλεξίας φερουσών: αναπαράσταση δεδομένων και πολυπλοκότητα". Thesis, 2006. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/482.

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Η χρήση πολλαπλών κεραιών παίζει πλέον ένα πολύ σημαντικό ρόλο στη βελτίωση των ραδιοτηλεπικοινωνιών. Για το λόγο αυτό, ο τομέας των τηλεπικοινωνιακών συστημάτων πολλαπλών κεραιών μετάδοσης – λήψης (συστήματα ΜΙΜΟ) βρίσκεται στο προσκήνιο της ασύρματης έρευνας. Πρόσφατα, αποτελέσματα ερευνών έδειξαν ότι υπάρχει δυνατότητα αύξησης της χωρητικότητας στα ασύρματα τηλεπικοινωνιακά συστήματα χρησιμοποιώντας τεχνικές διαφοροποίησης μεταξύ πομπού – δέκτη (antenna diversity), δηλαδή δημιουργίας πολλαπλών ανεξάρτητων καναλιών ανάμεσα τους. Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετούνται τεχνικές κωδικοποίησης που
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Book chapters on the topic "Maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework"

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Evensen, Geir, Femke C. Vossepoel, and Peter Jan van Leeuwen. "Maximum a Posteriori Solution." In Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96709-3_3.

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AbstractWe will now introduce a fundamental approximation used in most practical data-assimilation methods, namely the definition of Gaussian priors. This approximation simplifies the Bayesian posterior, which allows us to compute the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate and sample from the posterior pdf. This chapter will introduce the Gaussian approximation and then discuss the Gauss–Newton method for finding the MAP estimate. This method is the starting point for many of the data-assimilation algorithms discussed in the following chapters.
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"Maximum A Posteriori (MAP)." In Encyclopedia of Biometrics. Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73003-5_1071.

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S., Shiyamala, Vijay Soorya J., Sanjay P. S., and Sathappan K. "Network-on-Chip for Low Power MAP Decoder Using Folded Technique and CORDIC Algorithm for 5G Network." In Design Methodologies and Tools for 5G Network Development and Application. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4610-9.ch005.

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With different constraint length (K), time scale, and code rate, modified MAP (maximum a posteriori) decoder architecture using folding technique, which has a linear life time chart, is developed, and dedicated turbo codes will be placed in a network-on-chip for various wireless applications. Folded techniques mitigated the number of latches used in interleaving and deinterleaving unit by adopting forward and backward resource utilizing method to M-2, where M is the number of rows and end-to-end delay get reduced to 2M. By replacing conventional full adder by high speed adder using 2 x 1 multiplexer to calculate the forward state metrics and reverse state metrics will minimize the power consumption utilization in an effective manner. In s similar way, CORDIC (Coordinated ROtation DIgital Computer) algorithm is used to calculate the LLR value and confer a highly precise value with less computational complexity by means of only shifting and adding methods.
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Zribi, Amin, Sonia Zaibi, Ramesh Pyndiah, and Ammar Bouallègue. "Chase-Like Decoding of Arithmetic Codes with Applications." In Intelligent Computer Vision and Image Processing. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3906-5.ch003.

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Motivated by recent results in Joint Source/Channel (JSC) coding and decoding, this paper addresses the problem of soft input decoding of Arithmetic Codes (AC). A new length-constrained scheme for JSC decoding of these codes is proposed based on the Maximum a posteriori (MAP) sequence estimation criterion. The new decoder, called Chase-like arithmetic decoder is supposed to know the source symbol sequence and the compressed bit-stream lengths. First, Packet Error Rates (PER) in the case of transmission on an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel are investigated. Compared to classical arithmetic decoding, the Chase-like decoder shows significant improvements. Results are provided for Chase-like decoding for image compression and transmission on an AWGN channel. Both lossy and lossless image compression schemes were studied. As a final application, the serial concatenation of an AC with a convolutional code was considered. Iterative decoding, performed between the two decoders showed substantial performance improvement through iterations.
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Batini, Carlo, Anisa Rula, Monica Scannapieco, and Gianluigi Viscusi. "From Data Quality to Big Data Quality." In Big Data. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9840-6.ch089.

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This chapter investigates the evolution of data quality issues from traditional structured data managed in relational databases to Big Data. In particular, the paper examines the nature of the relationship between Data Quality and several research coordinates that are relevant in Big Data, such as the variety of data types, data sources and application domains, focusing on maps, semi-structured texts, linked open data, sensor &amp; sensor networks and official statistics. Consequently a set of structural characteristics is identified and a systematization of the a posteriori correlation between them and quality dimensions is provided. Finally, Big Data quality issues are considered in a conceptual framework suitable to map the evolution of the quality paradigm according to three core coordinates that are significant in the context of the Big Data phenomenon: the data type considered, the source of data, and the application domain. Thus, the framework allows ascertaining the relevant changes in data quality emerging with the Big Data phenomenon, through an integrative and theoretical literature review.
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Conference papers on the topic "Maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework"

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Liu, Risheng, Zi Li, Yuxi Zhang, Xin Fan, and Zhongxuan Luo. "Bi-level Probabilistic Feature Learning for Deformable Image Registration." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/101.

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We address the challenging issue of deformable registration that robustly and efficiently builds dense correspondences between images. Traditional approaches upon iterative energy optimization typically invoke expensive computational load. Recent learning-based methods are able to efficiently predict deformation maps by incorporating learnable deep networks. Unfortunately, these deep networks are designated to learn deterministic features for classification tasks, which are not necessarily optimal for registration. In this paper, we propose a novel bi-level optimization model that enables join
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Chen, Yan, Oscar Au, Xiaopeng Fan, Liwei Guo, and Peter H. W. Wong. "Maximum a Posteriori Based (MAP-Based) Video Denoising VIA Rate Distortion Optimization." In Multimedia and Expo, 2007 IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icme.2007.4285054.

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Chakraborty, Debamitra, Bradley N. Mills, Jing Cheng, Scott A. Gerber, and Roman Sobolewski. "Maximum A-Posteriori Probability (MAP) Terahertz Parameter Extraction for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma." In 2022 47th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz50927.2022.9895919.

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Poore, Aubrey B., Benjamin J. Slocumb, Brian J. Suchomel, Fritz H. Obermeyer, Shawn M. Herman, and Sabino M. Gadaleta. "Batch maximum likelihood (ML) and maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation with process noise for tracking applications." In Optical Science and Technology, SPIE's 48th Annual Meeting, edited by Oliver E. Drummond. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.506442.

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Bao, Q., B. Bai, Q. Li, A. M. Smith, N. Vu, and A. Chatziioannou. "Evaluation of the maximum a posteriori (MAP) reconstruction on a microPET Focus220 scanner." In 2007 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2007.4436904.

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Zhou, Yiqing. "Radio environment map based maximum a posteriori Doppler shift estimation for LTE-R." In 2014 International Workshop on High Mobility Wireless Communications (HMWC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hmwc.2014.7000241.

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Pooja, S., M. Vivek, and Joonki Paik. "Space invariant deconvolution using Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) Estimation for imaging inverse problem." In 2016 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communications (ICEIC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/elinfocom.2016.7562936.

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Ozcelik, Taner, and Aggelos K. Katsaggelos. "Low bit-rate video compression based on maximum a posteriori (MAP) recovery techniques." In Visual Communications and Image Processing '94, edited by Aggelos K. Katsaggelos. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.185883.

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Blunt and Ho. "An iterative maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator for multiuser detection in synchronous CDMA systems." In IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP-02. IEEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2002.1005146.

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Blunt, Shannon D., and K. C. Ho. "An iterative maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator for multiuser detection in synchronous CDMA systems." In Proceedings of ICASSP '02. IEEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2002.5745108.

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Reports on the topic "Maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework"

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Wilson, Gregory L., Andrew C. Lindgren, Thomas M. Fitzgerald, Pamela S. Smith, and Russell C. Hardie. Maximum a Posteriori (MAP) Estimates for Hyperspectral Image Enhancement. Defense Technical Information Center, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada429581.

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Anderson, Timothy, A. R. Aminzadeh, Jennifer Drexler, and Wade Shen. Improved Phrase Translation Modeling Using Maximum A-Posteriori (MAP) Adaptation. Defense Technical Information Center, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada604450.

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Sinclair, Samantha, and Sandra LeGrand. Reproducibility assessment and uncertainty quantification in subjective dust source mapping. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41523.

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Accurate dust-source characterizations are critical for effectively modeling dust storms. A previous study developed an approach to manually map dust plume-head point sources in a geographic information system (GIS) framework using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery processed through dust-enhancement algorithms. With this technique, the location of a dust source is digitized and recorded if an analyst observes an unobscured plume head in the imagery. Because airborne dust must be sufficiently elevated for overland dust-enhancement algorithms to work, this technique m
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Sinclair, Samantha, and Sandra LeGrand. Reproducibility assessment and uncertainty quantification in subjective dust source mapping. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41542.

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Accurate dust-source characterizations are critical for effectively modeling dust storms. A previous study developed an approach to manually map dust plume-head point sources in a geographic information system (GIS) framework using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery processed through dust-enhancement algorithms. With this technique, the location of a dust source is digitized and recorded if an analyst observes an unobscured plume head in the imagery. Because airborne dust must be sufficiently elevated for overland dust-enhancement algorithms to work, this technique m
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