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Academic literature on the topic 'Maximum d'entropie sur la moyenne'
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Journal articles on the topic "Maximum d'entropie sur la moyenne"
Pugnet, Lilian, Luciano Lourenço, and João Rocha. "L’ignition des feux de forêt par l’action de la foudre au Portugal de 1996 à 2008." Territorium, no. 17 (August 10, 2010): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_17_6.
Full textChappaz, R., G. Brun, and G. Olivar. "Contribution à l'étude du régime alimentaire, de la croissance et de la fécondité de la perche (Perca fluviatilis L.) dans un lac oligotrophe de région tempérée." Revue des sciences de l'eau 2, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705025ar.
Full textOndo, Benjamin Obiang, Sylvie Carole Ondo Ntyam, and Richard Jules Priso. "Effet de la phytoaccumulation du plomb, du fer et du zinc sur deux Poacées dans la zone de Kribi et de ses environs." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 6 (October 7, 2020): 2257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i6.26.
Full textMarchane, Ahmed, Lionel Jarlan, Lahoucine Hanich, and Abdelghani Boudhar. "Caractérisation de l'enneigement sur l'atlas marocain par le capteur MODIS et relation avec le climat (période 2000-2011)." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 204 (April 8, 2014): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2013.18.
Full textCantat, Olivier, and Alexandre Follin. "Les singularités thermiques d’un espace périurbain dans une agglomération de dimension moyenne : le cas de Caen durant l’hiver 2018/2019." Climatologie 17 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/climat/202017003.
Full textHatungumukama, G., P. L. Leroy, and J. Detilleux. "Influence des facteurs non génétiques sur la production laitière journalière des vaches Frisonnes à la station de Mahwa (sud du Burundi)." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 61, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10011.
Full textTisserand, Jean-Christian. "Le jeu de l’ultimatum, une méta-analyse de 30 années de recherches expérimentales." Articles 92, no. 1-2 (May 11, 2017): 289–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1039879ar.
Full textBencherif, Kada, and Houari Tadj. "Approche d'estimation du volume-tige de peuplements forestiers par combinaison de données Landsat et données terrain Application à la pineraie de Tlemcen-Algérie." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 215 (August 16, 2017): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2017.360.
Full textZahar, Y., and J. P. Laborde. "Une méthode stochastique pour la prédétermination des fluctuations probables des durées de service des réservoirs collinaires en Tunisie." Revue des sciences de l'eau 11, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705295ar.
Full textCOLLEAU, J., S. FRITZ, F. GUILLAUME, A. BAUR, D. DUPASSIEUX, L. JOURNAUX, A. EGGEN, and D. BOICHARD. "Simulation des potentialités de la sélection génomique chez les bovins laitiers." INRA Productions Animales 28, no. 3 (January 13, 2020): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2015.28.3.3030.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Maximum d'entropie sur la moyenne"
Gamboa, Fabrice. "Méthode du maximum d'entropie sur la moyenne et applications." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112346.
Full textAn explicit solution for the problem of probability reconstruction when only the averages of random variables are known is given by the maximum entropy method. We use this method to reconstruct a function constrained to a convex set C, (no linear constraint) using a finite number of its generalized moments linear constraint). A sequence of entropy maximization problems is considered. The nth problem consists in the reconstruction of a probability distribution on Cn, the projection of C on Rⁿ whose mean satisfies a constraint approximating the initial linear constraint (generalized moments). When n approaches infinity this gives a solution for the initial problem as the limit of the sequence of means of maximum entropy distributions on Cn. We call this technique the maximum entropy method on the mean (M. E. M) because linear constraints are only on the mean of the distribution to be reconstructed. We mainly study the case where C is a band of continuous functions. We find a reconstruction familly, each element of this family only depends of referenced measures used for the sequence of entropy problems. We show that the M. E. M method is equivalent to a concav criteria maximization. We then use the M. E. M method to construct a numerically computable criteria to solve generalized moments problem on a bounded band of continuous functions. In the last chapter we discuss statistical applications of the method
Le, Besnerais Guy. "Méthode du maximum d'entropie sur la moyenne, critères de reconstruction d'image et synthèse d'ouverture en radio-astronomie." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112412.
Full textWe adress here the problem of image reconstruction from a limited number of its Fourier coefficients, degraded by noise and/or systematic errors. The sought image is assumed to belong to a convex set of functions defined by some known template. Sometimes the problem may also consist in updating a default image, so that the reconstructed image be close to the default one in terms of some discrepancy measure. Reconstruction may be achieved by optimization of a criterion which naturally imposes the expected properties on the solution. The design of such a criterion is carried out using the maximum entropy on the mean procedure (MEMP), as originally proposed by J. Navaza. We first emphasize the relationship between MEMP and the maximum entropy image reconstruction methods, which are usualy used in connection with the positivity constraint. Then we present a constructive procedure to design image reconstruction criteria, based on the MEMP, which generalizes the maximum entropy methods, since it works with constraints other than positivity. A study of the properties of the reconstructions which may be obtained is given using a synthetic monodimensionnal problem. The method is then applied to the imaging problem which occurs in aperture synthesis techniques in radio-astronomy. Ln this problem, the influence of systematic errors, which remains after the calibration procedures and especially those affecting the phase of the measured data must be accounted for. The correction of systematic errors is handled through the introduction of a set of parameters, and the criterion is optimized with respect to this new set of variables. Simulation results are provided on bidimensionnal problems
Amblard, Cécile. "Reconstruction de foyers d'hyperfixation en tomographie d'émission de positons par la méthode du maximum d'entropie sur la moyenne : application à l'oncologie." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0109.
Full textGallón, Gómez Santiago Alejandro. "Template estimation for samples of curves and functional calibration estimation via the method of maximum entropy on the mean." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2000/.
Full textOne of the main difficulties in functional data analysis is the extraction of a meaningful common pattern that summarizes the information conveyed by all functions in the sample. The problem of finding a meaningful template function that represents this pattern is considered in Chapter 2 assuming that the functional data lie on an intrinsically low-dimensional smooth manifold with an unknown underlying geometric structure embedding in a high-dimensional space. Under this setting, an approximation of the geodesic distance is developed based on a robust version of the Isomap algorithm. This approximation is used to compute the corresponding empirical Fréchet median function, which provides a robust intrinsic estimator of the template. The Chapter 3 investigates the asymptotic properties of the quantile normalization method by Bolstad, et al. (2003) which is one of the most popular methods to align density curves in microarray data analysis. The properties are proved by considering the method as a particular case of the structural mean curve alignment procedure by Dupuy, Loubes and Maza (2011). However, the method fails in some case of mixtures, and a new methodology to cope with this issue is proposed via the algorithm developed in Chapter 2. Finally, the problem of calibration estimation for the finite population mean of a survey variable under a functional data framework is studied in Chapter 4. The functional calibration sampling weights of the estimator are obtained by matching the calibration estimation problem with the maximum entropy on the mean -MEM- principle. In particular, the calibration estimation is viewed as an infinite-dimensional linear inverse problem following the structure of the MEM approach. A precise theoretical setting is given and the estimation of functional calibration weights assuming, as prior measures, the centered Gaussian and compound Poisson random measures is carried out
Krysta, Monika. "Modélisation numérique et assimilation de données de la dispersion de radionucléides en champ proche et à l'échelle continentale." Phd thesis, Université Paris XII Val de Marne, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00652840.
Full textComets, Francis. "A propos des systèmes de particules en interaction sur un réseau." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112312.
Full textWe are interested in particles systems located on a lattice, with different type of interaction For short range interaction on zd, we study the large deviation properties for the empirical field of a Gibbs measure we also cover the case of random interaction and derive some applications Next we study Glauber dynamics of a local mean field model on the torus in the asymptotics of a large number of particles The fluctuation process has to be rescaled in space and time at the critical temperature We analyse the dynamics of a change of attractor using large deviations techniques at low temperature we recover a description for nucleation We then need to study the stationary points in such a local mean field model this is tackled in the frame of bifurcation theory
Broux, Thibault. "Caractérisations structurales in situ avancées d'oxydes dérivées de la pérovskite pour des applications électrochimiques à haute température." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S125/document.
Full textThis thesis is focused on oxides related to perovskite such as K2NiF4 structure-type, double perovskite and brownmillerite with mixed conduction properties. This ability to conduct both oxygen ions and electrons is relevant for electrochemical devices operating at high temperature, particularly as an electrode for solid oxide fuel cell. Specifically, this thesis deals with the synthesis and advanced crystal structure characterization of the reactivity of these materials mainly through large scale facilities by means of neutron powder diffraction (NPD) and X-ray synchrotron. Preliminary work in these studies involves inorganic synthesis by solid-state or by sol-gel route, thermogravimetric analysis and the iodometric titration. Original reactivity cells have been developed at the ISCR to study redox behavior under different gas flow and as a function of temperature for both neutron diffraction and X-ray synchrotron experiment. In situ study by NPD of La2-xSrxMnO4 ± δ compounds where x = 2.0 and x = 0.8 which derived from the compound cathode reference La1-xSrxMnO3 allowed to follow the structural evolution as a function of δ in reducing conditions for x = 2.0 and oxidizing conditions for x = 0.8. The synchrotron study of Pr2NiO4.22 helped to highlight the monoclinic symmetry at room temperature while previous studies announced an orthorhombic symmetry. Besides, structural changes including the transition to the HTT phase are accompanied by an incommensurable modulation that persists at least up to 900 °C. The study of double perovskites NdBaCo2-xMnxO5+δ where 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 showed that these materials exhibit a promising electrical conductivities for SOFC applications as cathode. In addition, the comparison of the molecular dynamics and NDP combined with MEM for x = 0 compound has elucidated the oxygen diffusion mechanism in these compounds. The study by NPD in reducing condition of LaSrFeCoO6 to the brownmillerite LaSrFeCoO5 has showed that the reduced structure persists at high temperatures and allowed to follow the evolution in the ordering of the magnetic moments while cooling LaSrFeCoO5
Lapalme, Ervig. "Méthodes entropiques appliqués au problème inverse en magnétoencéphalographie." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17329.
Full textNayihouba, Kolobadia Ada. "Essays in dynamic panel data models and labor supply." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23499.
Full textThis thesis is organized in three chapters. The first two chapters propose a regularization approach to the estimation of two estimators of the dynamic panel data model : the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) estimator and the Limited Information Maximum Likelihood (LIML) estimator. The last chapter of the thesis is an application of regularization to the estimation of labor supply elasticities using pseudo panel data models. In a dynamic panel data model, the number of moment conditions increases rapidly with the time dimension, resulting in a large dimensional covariance matrix of the instruments. Inverting this large dimensional matrix to compute the estimator leads to poor finite sample properties. To address this issue, we propose a regularization approach to the estimation of such models where a generalized inverse of the covariance matrix of the intruments is used instead of its usual inverse. Three regularization schemes are used : Principal components, Tikhonov which is based on Ridge regression (also called Bayesian shrinkage) and finally Landweber Fridman which is an iterative method. All these methods involve a regularization parameter which is similar to the smoothing parameter in nonparametric regressions. The finite sample properties of the regularized estimator depends on this parameter which needs to be selected between many potential values. In the first chapter (co-authored with Marine Carrasco), we propose the regularized GMM estimator of the dynamic panel data models. Under double asymptotics, we show that our regularized estimators are consistent and asymptotically normal provided that the regularization parameter goes to zero slower than the sample size goes to infinity. We derive a data driven selection of the regularization parameter based on an approximation of the higher-order Mean Square Error and show its optimality. The simulations confirm that regularization improves the properties of the usual GMM estimator. As empirical application, we investigate the effect of financial development on economic growth. In the second chapter (co-authored with Marine Carrasco), we propose the regularized LIML estimator of the dynamic panel data model. The LIML estimator is known to have better small sample properties than the GMM estimator but its implementation becomes problematic when the time dimension of the panel becomes large. We derive the asymptotic properties of the regularized LIML under double asymptotics. A data-driven procedure to select the parameter of regularization is proposed. The good performances of the regularized LIML estimator over the usual (not regularized) LIML estimator, the usual GMM estimator and the regularized GMM estimator are confirmed by the simulations. In the last chapter, I consider the estimation of the labor supply elasticities of Canadian men through a regularization approach. Unobserved heterogeneity and measurement errors on wage and income variables are known to cause endogeneity issues in the estimation of labor supply models. A popular solution to the endogeneity issue is to group data in categories based on observable characteristics and compute the weighted least squares at the group level. This grouping estimator has been proved to be equivalent to instrumental variables (IV) estimator on the individual level data using group dummies as intruments. Hence, in presence of large number of groups, the grouping estimator exhibites a small bias similar to the one of the IV estimator in presence of many instruments. I take advantage of the correspondance between grouping estimators and the IV estimator to propose a regularization approach to the estimation of the model. Using this approach leads to wage elasticities that are substantially different from those obtained through grouping estimators.