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Journal articles on the topic 'Maximum Posterior Marginal (MPM)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Mignotte, Max. "Saliency Map Estimation Using a Pixel-Pairwise-Based Unsupervised Markov Random Field Model." Mathematics 11, no. 4 (2023): 986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11040986.

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This work presents a Bayesian statistical approach to the saliency map estimation problem. More specifically, we formalize the saliency map estimation issue in the fully automatic Markovian framework. The major and original contribution of the proposed Bayesian–Markov model resides in the exploitation of a pixel pairwise modeling and a likelihood model based on a parametric mixture of two different class-conditional likelihood distributions whose parameters are adaptively and previously estimated for each image. This allows us to adapt our saliency estimation model to the specific characterist

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Azeraf, Elie, Emmanuel Monfrini, and Wojciech Pieczynski. "Equivalence between LC-CRF and HMM, and Discriminative Computing of HMM-Based MPM and MAP." Algorithms 16, no. 3 (2023): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a16030173.

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Practitioners have used hidden Markov models (HMMs) in different problems for about sixty years. Moreover, conditional random fields (CRFs) are an alternative to HMMs and appear in the literature as different and somewhat concurrent models. We propose two contributions: First, we show that the basic linear-chain CRFs (LC-CRFs), considered as different from HMMs, are in fact equivalent to HMMs in the sense that for each LC-CRF there exists an HMM—that we specify—whose posterior distribution is identical to the given LC-CRF. Second, we show that it is possible to reformulate the generative Bayes

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Albert, James H. "Bayesian Estimation of Normal Ogive Item Response Curves Using Gibbs Sampling." Journal of Educational Statistics 17, no. 3 (1992): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/10769986017003251.

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The problem of estimating item parameters from a two-parameter normal ogive model is considered. Gibbs sampling (Gelfand & Smith, 1990) is used to simulate draws from the joint posterior distribution of the ability and item parameters. This method gives marginal posterior density estimates for any parameter of interest; these density estimates can be used to judge the accuracy of normal approximations based on maximum likelihood estimates. This simulation technique is illustrated using data from a mathematics placement exam.

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Hurn, Merrilee, and Christopher Jennison. "Multiple-site updates in maximum a posteriori and marginal posterior modes image estimation." Journal of Applied Statistics 20, no. 5-6 (1993): 155–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02664769300000063.

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Joumad, A., A. El Moutaouakkil, A. Nasroallah, et al. "Unsupervised segmentation of images using bi-dimensional pairwise Markov chains model." AIMS Mathematics 9, no. 11 (2024): 31057–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.20241498.

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<p>The pair-wise Markov chain (PMC) model serves as an extension to the hidden Markov chain (HMC) model and has been widely used in unsupervised restoration tasks associated with reconstructing the hidden data. In fact, the PMC model can treat fairly complicated situations for which application of Bayesian restoration estimators such as maximum <italic>A Posteriori</italic> (MAP), or maximal <italic>Posterior</italic> mode (MPM) remains possible. The major novelty in this work is to construct a PMC model with observational data in two dimensions, and subsequently

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Hellmich, Martin, Keith R. Abrams, David R. Jones, and Paul C. Lambert. "A Bayesian Approach to a General Regression Model for ROC Curves." Medical Decision Making 18, no. 4 (1998): 436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x9801800412.

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A fully Bayesian approach to a general nonlinear ordinal regression model for ROC- curve analysis is presented. Samples from the marginal posterior distributions of the model parameters are obtained by a Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique— Gibbs sampling. These samples facilitate the calculation of point estimates and cred ible regions as well as inferences for the associated areas under the ROC curves. The analysis of an example using freely available software shows that the use of nonin formative vague prior distributions for all model parameters yields posterior summary statistics ve

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Kasim, Rafa M., and Stephen W. Raudenbush. "Application of Gibbs Sampling to Nested Variance Components Models With Heterogeneous Within-Group Variance." Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 23, no. 2 (1998): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/10769986023002093.

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Bayesian analysis of hierarchically structured data with random intercept and heterogeneous within-group (Level-1) variance is presented. Inferences about all parameters, including the Level-1 variance and intercept for each group, are based on their marginal posterior distributions approximated via the Gibbs sampler Analysis of artificial data with varying degrees of heterogeneity and varying Level-2 sample sizes illustrates the likely benefits of using a Bayesian approach to model heterogeneity of variance (Bayes/Het). Results are compared to those based on now-standard restricted maximum li

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Polson, Nick, Fabrizio Ruggeri, and Vadim Sokolov. "Generative Bayesian Computation for Maximum Expected Utility." Entropy 26, no. 12 (2024): 1076. https://doi.org/10.3390/e26121076.

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Generative Bayesian Computation (GBC) methods are developed to provide an efficient computational solution for maximum expected utility (MEU). We propose a density-free generative method based on quantiles that naturally calculates expected utility as a marginal of posterior quantiles. Our approach uses a deep quantile neural estimator to directly simulate distributional utilities. Generative methods only assume the ability to simulate from the model and parameters and as such are likelihood-free. A large training dataset is generated from parameters, data and a base distribution. Then, a supe

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Visuttiwattanakorn, Surakit, Apitchaya Suthamwat, Somchai Urapepon, and Sirichai Kiattavorncharoen. "Reliability of Polyetherketoneketone as Definitive Implant-Supported Bridges in the Posterior Region—An In Vitro Study of the Ultimate Fracture Load and Vertical Marginal Discrepancy after Artificial Aging." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (2022): 11454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211454.

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Purpose: This study aims to investigate the ultimate fractural strength and marginal integrity of a three-unit implant-supported fixed partial denture (FPD) framework fabricated of polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) after simulated five-year clinical aging. Materials and Methods: Twelve FPD frameworks were milled (n = 6 per group). All experimental frameworks were cemented on identical stainless-steel abutment models and subjected to five years of clinically simulated thermomechanical aging. The vertical marginal gap values were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope before and after being su

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TAŞLIPINAR UZEL, Ayşe Güzin, Yeşim ASLAN ALTAY, and Ahmet ŞENGÜN. "COMPARISON OF SCHEIMPFLUG CAMERA IMAGING PATTERNS AND PARAMETERS OF PELLUCID MARGINAL DEGENERATION AND KERATOCONUS." Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 24, no. 4 (2022): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.1173932.

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OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the topography patterns and parameters in eyes with pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD) and eyes with keratoconus (KC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study is a retrospective and comparative study. Twenty-nine eyes of 15 patients with PMD and 46 eyes of 25 patients with keratoconus (KC) underwent examination. Topographic patterns of axial curvature, anterior and posterior elevation maps, and pachymetric maps obtained by the Scheimpflug camera were categorized. RESULTS: In eyes with PMD, the crab-claw pattern (93.1% of all axial curvature map patterns) was th

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Rodriguez, M. C., M. Toro, and L. Silió. "Selection on lean growth in a nucleus of Landrace pigs: an analysis using Gibbs sampling." Animal Science 63, no. 2 (1996): 243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800014806.

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AbstractData from 4150 Landrace pigs tested during the period 1989-94 for backfat thickness and age at 100 kg in an open selection nucleus were analysed with the standard restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction method and with a Bayesian approach based on the marginal posterior distributions of parameters of interest achieved via Gibbs sampling. Breeding values and fixed effects were sampled from normal distributions and (co)variance components from inverted Wishart distributions. The Bayesian analysis indicated that the selection was effective for both traits. Assuming f

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Riedel, Michael, Stan E. Dosso, and Laurens Beran. "Uncertainty estimation for amplitude variation with offset (AVO) inversion." GEOPHYSICS 68, no. 5 (2003): 1485–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1620621.

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This paper uses a Bayesian approach for inverting seismic amplitude versus offset (AVO) data to provide estimates and uncertainties of the viscoelastic physical parameters at an interface. The inversion is based on Gibbs' sampling approach to determine properties of the posterior probability distribution (PPD), such as the posterior mean, maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate, marginal probability distributions, and covariances. The Bayesian formulation represents a fully nonlinear inversion; the results are compared to those of standard linearized inversion. The nonlinear and linearized approac

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TOPRAK, Mehmet Emin. "Sloped marginal configuration design of implants as an alternative innovation to the grafting operations: a three-dimensional finite element analysis." Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 6, no. 2 (2023): 506–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1238322.

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Aim: Dental implant operations often require bone grafting due to bone resorption in the buccal area, which make the treatment more complicated, increase the risk of complications, and results in extra costs and prolongation of treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of the implants with a sloped marginal configuration design in the alveolar ridge with a level difference between the buccal and lingual bone levels using three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) method.  Material and Method: Two implant models with different marginal configuration designs w

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Bezerra, Manoel I. Silvestre, Fernando Antonio Moala, and Yuzo Iano. "A Bayesian Analysis of Spectral ARMA Model." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/565894.

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Bezerra et al. (2008) proposed a new method, based on Yule-Walker equations, to estimate the ARMA spectral model. In this paper, a Bayesian approach is developed for this model by using the noninformative prior proposed by Jeffreys (1967). The Bayesian computations, simulation via Markov Monte Carlo (MCMC) is carried out and characteristics of marginal posterior distributions such as Bayes estimator and confidence interval for the parameters of the ARMA model are derived. Both methods are also compared with the traditional least squares and maximum likelihood approaches and a numerical illustr

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Luo, Yong, and Dimiter M. Dimitrov. "A Short Note on Obtaining Point Estimates of the IRT Ability Parameter With MCMC Estimation in Mplus: How Many Plausible Values Are Needed?" Educational and Psychological Measurement 79, no. 2 (2018): 272–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013164418777569.

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Plausible values can be used to either estimate population-level statistics or compute point estimates of latent variables. While it is well known that five plausible values are usually sufficient for accurate estimation of population-level statistics in large-scale surveys, the minimum number of plausible values needed to obtain accurate latent variable point estimates is unclear. This is especially relevant when an item response theory (IRT) model is estimated with MCMC (Markov chain Monte Carlo) methods in Mplus and point estimates of the IRT ability parameter are of interest, as Mplus only

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Qura, Maha E., Aisha Fayomi, Mutua Kilai, and Ehab M. Almetwally. "Bivariate power Lomax distribution with medical applications." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (2023): e0282581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282581.

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In this paper, a bivariate power Lomax distribution based on Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (FGM) copulas and univariate power Lomax distribution is proposed, which is referred to as BFGMPLx. It is a significant lifetime distribution for modeling bivariate lifetime data. The statistical properties of the proposed distribution, such as conditional distributions, conditional expectations, marginal distributions, moment-generating functions, product moments, positive quadrant dependence property, and Pearson’s correlation, have been studied. The reliability measures, such as the survival function, haz

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Koc, Mustafa, Pinar Kosekahya, Merve Inanc, and Kemal Tekin. "Corneal crosslinking in a case with Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome and unilateral pellucid marginal degeneration." Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology 11 (January 2019): 251584141882228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515841418822288.

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A 31-year-old male patient presented with the complaint of progressive vision loss in his left eye. Slit-lamp examination showed posterior embryotoxon, iris hypoplasia, and iridocorneal adhesion in both eyes, corectopia in the right, and peripheral inferior thinning and ectasia in the left eye. Corneal topography showed slightly asymmetric bowtie pattern in the right eye and crab-claw pattern in the left eye. Topographic examination was compared with his previous topography. The comparison showed 1.6-D steepening of maximum keratometry ( Kmax) and 22-µm decrease of thinnest corneal pachymetry.

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Fernandes, Clément, and Wojciech Pieczynski. "Contextual Peano Scan and Fast Image Segmentation Using Hidden and Evidential Markov Chains." Mathematics 13, no. 10 (2025): 1589. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13101589.

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Transforming bi-dimensional sets of image pixels into mono-dimensional sequences with a Peano scan (PS) is an established technique enabling the use of hidden Markov chains (HMCs) for unsupervised image segmentation. Related Bayesian segmentation methods can compete with hidden Markov fields (HMFs)-based ones and are much faster. PS has recently been extended to the contextual PS, and some initial experiments have shown the value of the associated HMC model, denoted as HMC-CPS, in image segmentation. Moreover, HMCs have been extended to hidden evidential Markov chains (HEMCs), which are capabl

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Karabatsos, George. "Copula Approximate Bayesian Computation Using Distribution Random Forests." Stats 7, no. 3 (2024): 1002–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/stats7030061.

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Ongoing modern computational advancements continue to make it easier to collect increasingly large and complex datasets, which can often only be realistically analyzed using models defined by intractable likelihood functions. This Stats invited feature article introduces and provides an extensive simulation study of a new approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) framework for estimating the posterior distribution and the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) of the parameters of models defined by intractable likelihoods, that unifies and extends previous ABC methods proposed separately. This framewo

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Green, Edwin J., and Harry T. Valentine. "Bayesian Analysis of the Linear Model with Heterogeneous Variance." Forest Science 44, no. 1 (1998): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/44.1.134.

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Abstract Linear models are among the most common statistical tools in forestry, and indeed in all science. It is widely known that when linear models are applied to attributes of size (e.g., individual tree volumes), the conditional variance may be heterogeneous. Under these circumstances, the usual least squares estimator remains consistent, but is no longer efficient. This has been appreciated in forestry for some time, and various solutions have been recommended over the years. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian solution. Bayesians would prefer this method to previous solutions for many r

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Gibson, A. Jamie F., and Ransom A. Myers. "Estimating reference fishing mortality rates from noisy spawnerrecruit data." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61, no. 9 (2004): 1771–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f04-102.

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We review and evaluate methods of estimating reference fishing mortality rates from spawnerrecruit (SR) data to obtain maximum sustainable yield. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we found that a reference fishing mortality rate derived from the maximum likelihood estimates of the SR parameters was less biased than reference fishing mortality rates obtained using the mode of the marginal probability distribution for the maximum rate that spawners produce recruits or by finding the fishing mortality rate that maximizes the expected yield. However, the maximum likelihood method produced the most v

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Kumari, Sneha, Vishmarika Sharma, Suraj Kumar Chaurasiya, Ashi Khurana, and Lokesh Chauhan. "Anterior and Posterior Corneal Higher-order Aberrations in Keratoconus and Pellucid Marginal Corneal Degeneration by Pentacam." Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology 35, no. 1 (2025): 22–27. https://doi.org/10.4103/dljo.dljo_126_24.

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Aim: To assess the changes in the anterior and posterior corneal surface aberrations in keratoconus (KC) and pellucid marginal corneal degeneration (PMCD) and compare them to age-matched normal eyes using the pentacam system. Materials and Methods: This single-center, retrospective study was carried out at a tertiary eye hospital in Uttar Pradesh, India. The electronic medical records (EMR) of patients with KC and PMCD were reviewed. The demographic information and pentacam report include corneal dioptric power in the flattest (K1), steepest (K2), maximum keratometry (Kmax) for the 3 mm centra

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Du, Ruirui, Lihua Fang, Yinyu Song, Xingming Tao, and Luchao Lin. "Effects of intraocular pressure and aspheric transition zone ablation profile on corneal biomechanics after conventional refractive surgery." E3S Web of Conferences 271 (2021): 03040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127103040.

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Our Purpose is to study the effects of intraocular pressure (IOP) and aspheric transition zone (ATZ) on corneal biomechanics after pure hyperopia correction by using the finite element analysis (FEA). The values of IOP were changed, and 1-5# aspheric transition zones were designed in 1-5D hyperopia correction model. Simulate and calculate the wavefront aberration, stress and vertex displacement of cornea. The results show that with the increase of IOP and diopter, defocus increases positively and sphere increases negatively. Diopter and IOP have slight influence on coma. At 22mmHg, the maximum

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Millar, Russell B., and Wayne S. Stewart. "Automatic calculation of the sensitivity of Bayesian fisheries models to informative priors." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 5 (2005): 1028–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f04-240.

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The derivatives of Bayes estimators, with respect to changes in hyper-parameters of the prior density, are posterior covariances. Hence, these derivatives can be readily estimated from a posterior sample and the calculation is shown to be especially straightforward for parameters having a marginal prior that is of exponential family form. Three examples are given. The first fits a Ricker curve to stockrecruit data and, for several important management parameters, examines the sensitivity of the Bayes estimates to the informative log-normal priors placed on the maximum annual reproductive rate

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Awais, Syed Muhammad, Muhammad Raza, Syed Umer Farooq, and Sana Ahmad. "Comparison of the coronal marginal microleakage of tooth colored restorative materials." Professional Medical Journal 27, no. 01 (2020): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2019.27.01.362.

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Objectives: To compare the coronal marginal microleakage three types of available tooth colored restorative materials. Study Design: This in vitro comparative experimental study. Setting: Department of Science of Dental Materials, Sardar Begum Dental College. Period: July 2017 to November 2017. Material & Methods: Marginal micro-leakage of three tooth colored dental restorative materials were evaluated. In this study 55 specimens were divided into five groups, three experimental and two control groups. For experimental groups (I, II, III), 15 specimens each were allocated while five specim

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Morsy, K., J. S. Al-Malki, S. B. Dajem, H. Hamdi, A. Ali, and A. Adel. "Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Heterobothrium lamothei (Monogenea: Diclidophoridae), a gill parasite infecting the tiger puffer fish Lagocephalus sceleratus (Tetraodontidae)." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 73, no. 5 (2021): 1117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12303.

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ABSTRACT Members of the family Diclidophoridae are potentially dangerous species for the puffer fish aquaculture worldwide. They are parasitic polyopisthocotyleans, with a posterior haptor equipped with clamps for attachment to the host's surface, allowing the worm to resist the flow of water to maintain its position on gills. The anterior body of the worm is deformable, allows the worm to feed on blood sucked from fish gills. The present study is the first description of a Heterobothrium species from the gills of the tiger puffer Lagocephalus sceleratus (Tetraodontidae) from the coasts of the

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Kim, Edward, Niloufar Sherf, Manish Lamichane, et al. "A comparison of SureSmile^TM, Insignia^TM, and Invisalign^TM, in treating non-extraction cases of mild to moderate crowding: a prospective clinical trial." Australasian Orthodontic Journal 38, no. 2 (2022): 290–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2022-0026.

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Abstract Objectives: To compare the ability of SureSmileTM, InsigniaTM and InvisalignTM to achieve predicted intra-arch tooth positions and further compare their objective grading scores for alignment/rotations, marginal ridge relationships and buccolingual inclination. Materials and methods: The study was a prospective clinical trial of 145 arches from 44 females and 29 males (54 SureSmileTM arches, 35 InsigniaTM arches, and 56 InvisalignTM arches). All arches were treated by a non-extraction approach and had ≤7 mm of crowding and 45° of tooth rotation. The manufacturer’s recommendations were

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Radha, Raman. "A Hospital Based Observational Assessment of Radical Excision of HS of Bilateral Axilla and Reconstruction with Posterior Arm Flap." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 1 (2023): 476–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13134636.

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<strong>Aim: </strong>This study presents the experience of radical excision of HS of bilateral axilla and reconstruction with posterior arm flap. <strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was conducted in the Department of Plastic Surgery, PMCH, Patna, Bihar, India for one year  and patients with HS in the axillary region who underwent reconstruction with posterior arm flap were included in the study. <strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 10 patients (7 male, 3 female) with axillary Hurley grade 3 HS were included in the study. Of these, 3 patients had left-sided,

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Cappa, Eduardo P., and Rodolfo JC Cantet. "Bayesian inference for normal multiple-trait individual-tree models with missing records via full conjugate Gibbs." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, no. 5 (2006): 1276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-024.

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In forest genetics, restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimation of (co)variance components from normal multiple-trait individual-tree models is affected by the absence of observations in any trait and individual. Missing records affect the form of the distribution of REML estimates of genetics parameters, or of functions of them, and the estimating equations are computationally involved when several traits are analysed. An alternative to REML estimation is a fully Bayesian approach through Markov chain Monte Carlo. The present research describes the use of the full conjugate Gibbs algorith

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Han, Yubin, Ge Ren, Shiqi Zhao, Kailun Du, and Hong Lin. "Estimation Method of Covariance Matrix in Atmospheric Inversion of CO₂ Emissions." E3S Web of Conferences 520 (2024): 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202452002010.

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Atmospheric inversion of CO2 Emissions is based on the correction of prior carbon dioxide flux inventories using concentration monitoring data and atmospheric transport models to obtain posterior carbon dioxide flux. In atmospheric inversion studies, fixed covariance functions are commonly used to generate covariance matrices, and the hyperparameters in the covariance functions are empirically estimated. In this study, we design and implement an ideal experiment based on meteorological data from the central urban area of Zhengzhou, using WRF-STILT to generate sensitivity matrices and construct

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Sarker, Avijit, Md Rakibul Hasan, Md Iftekharul Alam, Mohsin Hasan Samrat, Maruf Alam Chowdhury, and Prattay Barua. "Reverse sural island flap for reconstruction of ankle and posterior heel defect: clinical experience with surgical modifications of pedicle." Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons 42, no. 2 (2024): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v42i2.72432.

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Introduction: Soft tissue defects around the ankle and posterior heel need stable flap coverage for proper healing and satisfactory recovery of function. Constant and reliable vascular supply of reverse sural island flap (RSIF) have made it a popular choice for reconstruction of these defects. In this study, the outcome of RSIF with few modifications in the pedicle area were discussed. Methods: This prospective study was carried out in National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka duing April 2019 to June 2020. Total 31 patients with soft tissue defect around

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Ulitzsch, Esther, and Steffen Nestler. "Evaluating Stan’s Variational Bayes Algorithm for Estimating Multidimensional IRT Models." Psych 4, no. 1 (2022): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/psych4010007.

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Bayesian estimation of multidimensional item response theory (IRT) models in large data sets may come with impractical computational burdens when general-purpose Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) samplers are employed. Variational Bayes (VB)—a method for approximating the posterior distribution—poses a potential remedy. Stan’s general-purpose VB algorithms have drastically improved the accessibility of VB methods for a wide psychometric audience. Using marginal maximum likelihood (MML) and MCMC as benchmarks, the present simulation study investigates the utility of Stan’s built-in VB function fo

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HUTSON, KATE S., and IAN D. WHITTINGTON. "Paradeontacylix godfreyi n. sp. (Digenea: Sanguinicolidae) from the heart of wild Seriola lalandi (Perciformes: Carangidae) in southern Australia." Zootaxa 1151, no. 1 (2006): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1151.1.5.

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Paradeontacylix godfreyi n. sp. (Digenea: Sanguinicolidae) is described from the heart of wild yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi Valenciennes, 1833, collected near Port Augusta, northern Spencer Gulf, South Australia. One specimen of P. godfreyi was also collected from the heart of a single wild specimen of S. lalandi captured near Killarney, Victoria. Paradeontacylix godfreyi is distinguished from other species in the genus by a combination of morphological characters including the shape and number of posterior tegumental spines, the number of rows of tegumental spines along the ventral bo

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Robaian, Ali, Abdullah Alqahtani, Khalid Alanazi, et al. "Different Designs of Deep Marginal Elevation and Its Influence on Fracture Resistance of Teeth with Monolith Zirconia Full-Contour Crowns." Medicina 59, no. 4 (2023): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040661.

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Background and objectives: Even with the demand for high esthetics, the strength of the material for esthetic applications continues to be important. In this study, monolith zirconia (MZi) crowns fabricated using CAD/CAM were tested for fracture resistance (FR) in teeth with class II cavity designs with varying proximal depths, restored through a deep marginal elevation technique (DME). Materials and Methods: Forty premolars were randomly divided into four groups of ten teeth. In Group A, tooth preparation was conducted and MZi crowns were fabricated. In Group B, mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cav

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Correia, AMO, MR Andrade, JPM Tribst, ALS Borges, and TMF Caneppele. "Influence of Bulk-fill Restoration on Polymerization Shrinkage Stress and Marginal Gap Formation in Class V Restorations." Operative Dentistry 45, no. 4 (2020): E207—E216. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/19-062-l.

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Clinical Relevance Restoring Class V cavities with a regular bulk-fill composite presents a more favorable biomechanical behavior than restoring with a regular nano-filled composite. SUMMARY Purpose: This study evaluated the influence of Class V cavity extension and restorative material on the marginal gap formation, before and after aging, and the theoretical polymerization shrinkage stress distribution in a tooth restoration. Methods and Materials: Class V cavities with the depth of 2 mm, cervical/incisal distance of 4 mm, and margins located in the enamel 1 mm above the cementoenamel juncti

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Oh, Joo Han, Michelle H. McGarry, Bong Jae Jun, et al. "Restoration of Shoulder Biomechanics According to Degree of Repair Completion in a Cadaveric Model of Massive Rotator Cuff Tear." American Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 11 (2012): 2448–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546512458775.

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Background: Complete repair in massive rotator cuff tear may not be possible, allowing for only partial repair. However, the effect of partial repair on glenohumeral biomechanics has not been evaluated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the rotational range of motion (ROM), glenohumeral kinematics, and gap formation at the repaired tendon edge following massive cuff tear and repair according to the degree of repair completion. Hypothesis: Posterior fixation will restore the altered biomechanics of massive rotator cuff tear. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods:

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Zheng, Yi, Shengqi Yu, Zhiliang Qin, et al. "Bottom Multi-Parameter Bayesian Inversion Based on an Acoustic Backscattering Model." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 4 (2024): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12040629.

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The geoacoustic and physical properties of the bottom, as well as spatial distribution, are crucial factors in analyzing the underwater acoustic field structure and establishing a geoacoustic model. Acoustic inversion has been widely used as an economical and effective method to obtain multi-parameters of the bottom. Compared with traditional inversion methods based on acoustic propagation models, acoustic backscattering models are more suitable for multi-parameter inversion, because they contain more bottom information. In this study, a Bayesian inversion method based on an acoustic backscatt

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Silva, Carlos Pereira da, Cristian Tiago Erazo Mendes, Alessandra Querino da Silva, Luciano Antonio de Oliveira, Renzo Garcia Von Pinho, and Marcio Balestre. "Use of the reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to select multiplicative terms in the AMMI-Bayesian model." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (2023): e0279537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279537.

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The model selection stage has become a central theme in applying the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model to determine the optimal number of bilinear components to be retained to describe the genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI). In the Bayesian context, this problem has been addressed by using information criteria and the Bayes factor. However, these procedures are computationally intensive, making their application unfeasible when the model’s parametric space is large. A Bayesian analysis of the AMMI model was conducted using the Reversible Jump algorithm (R

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Vukicevic, T., and D. Posselt. "Analysis of the Impact of Model Nonlinearities in Inverse Problem Solving." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 65, no. 9 (2008): 2803–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jas2534.1.

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Abstract In this study, the relationship between nonlinear model properties and inverse problem solutions is analyzed using a numerical technique based on the inverse problem theory formulated by Mosegaard and Tarantola. According to this theory, the inverse problem and solution are defined via convolution and conjunction of probability density functions (PDFs) that represent stochastic information obtained from the model, observations, and prior knowledge in a joint multidimensional space. This theory provides an explicit analysis of the nonlinear model function, together with information abo

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Barile, Giuseppe, Saverio Capodiferro, Giovannino Muci, et al. "Clinical Outcomes of Monolithic Zirconia Crowns on Posterior Natural Abutments Performed by Final Year Dental Medicine Students: A Prospective Study with a 5-Year Follow-Up." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4 (2023): 2943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042943.

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The conventional metal–ceramic is still considered the gold standard in fixed prosthetics especially in terms of longevity. Among alternative materials used, Monolithic Zirconia has shown the capability to reconcile excellent biomechanical properties with acceptable aesthetic performance and to overcome several inconveniences related to veneer restorations. This study aims to clinically evaluate Monolithic Zirconia prosthetic crowns on natural abutments in the posterior sectors, performed by final-year dental medicine students (undoubtedly with less experience in the management of such materia

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Molina, Camilo A., Christopher F. Dibble, Sheng-fu Larry Lo, Timothy Witham, and Daniel M. Sciubba. "Augmented reality–mediated stereotactic navigation for execution of en bloc lumbar spondylectomy osteotomies." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 34, no. 5 (2021): 700–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2020.9.spine201219.

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En bloc spinal tumor resections are technically demanding procedures with high morbidity because of the conventionally large exposure area and aggressive resection goals. Stereotactic surgical navigation presents an opportunity to perform the smallest possible resection plan while still achieving an en bloc resection. Augmented reality (AR)–mediated spine surgery (ARMSS) via a mounted display with an integrated tracking camera is a novel FDA-approved technology for intraoperative “heads up” neuronavigation, with the proposed advantages of increased precision, workflow efficiency, and cost-effe

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Kim, Seonghoon. "Estimation of Asymptotic Standard Errors of Bayesian Modal Item Parameter Estimators: Application to the 2PL and 3PL Models." Korean Society for Educational Evaluation 38, no. 1 (2025): 143–78. https://doi.org/10.31158/jeev.2025.38.1.143.

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Item parameters of item response theory (IRT) models are often estimated by the Bayesian modal (BM) method, which is an extension of the marginal maximum likelihood (MML) method. The purpose of this study is to present a general method to estimate the asymptotic standard errors (SEs) of MML or BM item parameter estimators and to examine its specific performance under the two-parameter logistic (2PL) and three-parameter logistic (3PL) models. The asymptotic SEs of BM item parameter estimators can be computed theoretically based on the posterior information matrix. Before examining the performan

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Kim, G. J., A. Yamada, and H. Nishida. "An FGF signal from endoderm and localized factors in the posterior-vegetal egg cytoplasm pattern the mesodermal tissues in the ascidian embryo." Development 127, no. 13 (2000): 2853–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.127.13.2853.

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The major mesodermal tissues of ascidian larvae are muscle, notochord and mesenchyme. They are derived from the marginal zone surrounding the endoderm area in the vegetal hemisphere. Muscle fate is specified by localized ooplasmic determinants, whereas specification of notochord and mesenchyme requires inducing signals from endoderm at the 32-cell stage. In the present study, we demonstrated that all endoderm precursors were able to induce formation of notochord and mesenchyme cells in presumptive notochord and mesenchyme blastomeres, respectively, indicating that the type of tissue induced de

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Wang, Xue-Wei. "Complex evolutionary history of the fungal order Hymenochaetales revealed by analyses of trait evolution and diversification." Mycosphere 16, no. 1 (2025): 520–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15254610.

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<strong>Supplementary Figure 1</strong> – The phylogenetic tree of <em>Hymenochaetales</em> generated by maximum likelihood algorithm. Bootstrap values are indicated at the nodes. <strong>Supplementary Figure 2</strong> – The time-calibrated ultrametric supertree with a 99.6% sample proportion of all known species in <em>Hymenochaetales</em>. The mean divergence times of clades (crown ages) were labeled at the nodes. <strong>Supplementary Figure 3</strong> – The ultrametric phylogenetic tree of <em>Hymenochaetales</em> with trait evolution of basidiomes. The posterior probabi

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Fischinger, Isaak R., Jascha Wendelstein, Kristin Tetz, Matthias Bolz, and Manfred R. Tetz. "Toric phakic IOLs in keratoconus—evaluation of preoperative parameters on the outcome of phakic anterior chamber lens implantation in patients with keratoconus." Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 259, no. 6 (2021): 1643–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-05041-8.

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Abstract Purpose To evaluate the influence of the type of the keratectasia and preoperative keratometry readings on the efficacy of implantation of iris-fixated phakic anterior chamber intraocular lenses (pIOL) in patients with keratoconus. Methods In this retrospective study, iris-fixated pIOLs (Artisan/Artiflex (Ophtec®), Verisyse/Veriflex (AMO®)) were implanted in 38 eyes of 22 patients with stable keratoconus. Thirty-six eyes underwent corneal crosslinking (CXL) prior to the lens implantation. The refractive outcome was evaluated 6 weeks postoperatively and the influence of preoperative re

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Ruessink, B. G. "A Bayesian estimation of parameter-induced uncertainty in a nearshore alongshore current model." Journal of Hydroinformatics 8, no. 1 (2006): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/jh.2006.009.

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In many process-based models, parameters have to be estimated from data. It is important to obtain not only the optimum value of the parameters, but also to assess the uncertainty in the parameters and, hence, in the models' output. In this paper, the Bayesian Monte Carlo technique known as Generalised Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) is used to evaluate the parameter-induced predictive uncertainty of a three-parameter model that predicts alongshore currents over a nearshore barred profile. GLUE performs a fully random sampling of feasible-parameters space, assigning non-zero likelihoo

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Mahbubur Rahman, Mohammad, Masroor Ur Rahman, As Ad Din Mahmood, Nurul Alom, Md Soriful Islam, and Mridul Kanti Sarker. "Assessment of Post-Operative Complications after Radial Recurrent Artery Flap for Management of Wound Coverage in and Around the Elbow Region." Bangladesh Medical Journal 52, no. 3 (2024): 41–46. https://doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v52i3.77206.

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Complex elbow wound management is a common issue of reconstructive surgery which deals with burns (electric and flame burn), road traffic accidents (RTA), machineries and industrial accidents, tumor excision, the release of post-burn scar contracture, complications related to orthopedic reconstruction etc. A stable soft tissue cover is required for reconstructive purposes for such wounds management and for that reason surgeons apply suitable procedure and consider wound aetiologies to meet better outcome. Surgeons also permit the early elbow mobilization to preserve a range of motion after com

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Alam, Md Ashraful, Craig Farnham, and Kazuo Emura. "Bayesian inference for extreme value flood frequency analysis in Bangladesh using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo techniques." MATEC Web of Conferences 276 (2019): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927604006.

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In Bangladesh, major floods are frequent due to its unique geographic location. About one-fourth to one-third of the country is inundated by overflowing rivers during the monsoon season almost every year. Calculating the risk level of river discharge is important for making plans to protect the ecosystem and increasing crop and fish production. In recent years, several Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods have been proposed in extreme value analysis (EVA) for assessing the flood risk in a certain location. The Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) method was employed to obtain the approxim

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Eraslan, Oguz, Ozgur Inan, and Asli Secilmis. "The Effect of Framework Design on Stress Distribution in Implant-Supported FPDs: A 3-D FEM Study." European Journal of Dentistry 04, no. 04 (2010): 374–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697856.

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Objectives: The biomechanical behavior of the superstructure plays an important role in the functional longevity of dental implants. However, information about the influence of framework design on stresses transmitted to the implants and supporting tissues is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of framework designs on stress distribution at the supporting bone and supporting implants.Methods: In this study, the three-dimensional (3D) finite element stress analysis method was used. Three types of 3D mathematical models simulating three different framework designs for

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Salman, Sawsan Talib. "Contraception as a Risk Factor of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection Among Women Attending Outpatient of Al-Batool Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children-Baqubah-Iraq." AL-Kindy College Medical Journal 13, no. 1 (2019): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v13i1.117.

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Background:The effects of contraception on Trichomonas vaginalis have important implications for women who suffer from infections associated with disruptions in the vaginal ecology, such as bacterial vaginitis and urinary tract infections. Objective: To find the association of the common types of contraceptions with the Trichomonasvaginalis infection in women admitted to the Al-BatoolTeaching Hospital for Maternity and Children in Baqubah city. Type of study: Cross-sectional study Methods: This study consist of 75 women with contraception use and71 apparently healthy non cont

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