Academic literature on the topic 'Maximum storey drift'
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Journal articles on the topic "Maximum storey drift"
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Sadashiva, Vinod K., Gregory A. MacRae, and Bruce L. Deam. "Effects of coupled vertical stiffness-strength irregularity due to modified interstorey height." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 44, no. 1 (2011): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.44.1.31-44.
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Structures may have vertical stiffness or strength irregularity for many reasons. In many practical cases, a change in storey stiffness, results a change in strength at the same storey. In this paper, the effect of a change in interstorey height is quantified. In order to do this, relationships between storey stiffness and strength resulting due to a modified interstorey height for a few common lateral force resisting systems was considered. It was applied to simple shear-type structures of 3, 5, 9 and 15 storeys, assumed to be located in Wellington. All structures were considered to have a constant mass at every floor level. Both regular and irregular structures were designed in accordance with the Equivalent Static method of the current New Zealand seismic design Standard, NZS 1170.5. Regular structures were designed to either (i) produce a constant target interstorey drift ratio at all the storeys simultaneously or (ii) to have uniform stiffness distribution over the height of the structure, with the target interstorey drift ratio at the first storey. An “interstorey height ratio” was defined as the ratio of modified to initial interstorey height, and applied separately at the first storey, mid-height storey and at the topmost storey by amounts between 0.5 and 3. The modified structures were then redesigned until the target interstorey drift ratio was achieved at the critical storey/storeys. Design structural ductility factors of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6, and target (design) interstorey drift ratios ranging between 0.5% and 3%, were used in this study. Inelastic dynamic time-history analysis was carried out by subjecting these structures to code design level earthquake records, and the maximum interstorey drift ratio demands due to each record were used to compare the responses of regular and irregular structures.
 It was found that structural types in which only the storey stiffness was modified due to a change in the interstorey height produced the maximum increase in drift demands rather than structural forms with other stiffness-strength coupling cases. Shorter structures having an increased first storey height, and taller structures with an increased middle storey height generally produced greater interstorey drift demands than regular structures. For cases of increased storey stiffness due to decreased storey heights, the shorter structures with a decreased middle storey height resulted in higher median peak ISDR due to irregularity. A simple equation describing the maximum increase in response due to modifications to a storey height was developed. The equation was used along with the realistic correlations between storey stiffness and strength to obtain the governing code regularity limit.
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Tjondro, J. A., P. J. Moss, and A. J. Carr. "P-delta effects in medium height moment resisting steel frames under seismic loading." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 23, no. 4 (1990): 305–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.23.4.305-321.
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An analytical investigation of the P-delta effects in medium height steel moment resisting frames excited by selected earthquake motions is reported.
 The frames with various design drifts and fundamental natural periods of free vibration were designed according to the loadings provisions for New Zealand's highest seismic risk zone (Wellington) of the Draft Code of Practice for General Structural Design and Design Loading for Buildings, DZ4203 [10] as issued as a "Draft for Comment" in May 1986.
 The effect of strength degradation was investigated. Dynamic magnification factors for the member forces and displacement were also observed. Limits for the maximum plastic hinge rotation, inelastic drift, displacement magnification and prediction of maximum plastic hinge rotation based on the inter storey drift are suggested.
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Patel, Nirav, and Deepak Koirala. "Linear and Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Building with V Shape Steel Bracing." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, no. 10 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem26031.
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In this study, the RC-MRCBFs were used with V braced frame. The core objective of this examination is to understand the earthquake behavior of the RC-MRCBFs in steel V braced frames. Response spectrum analysis (RSA) is used to understand the seismic performance of the steel braced and un-braced RC frames. Total 12 steel braced RC frames and 12 un-braced frames for all 4 story, 8story, 12 stories and 16 stories are studied and observed the seismic parameter such as fundamental time period (FTP), top story displacements, inter-story drift, base shear and story stiffness of the structures. After studying the parametric study of the 4 to 16 story buildings with a linear and nonlinear analysis tool it was observed that to get the effective braced frame with expected failure mechanism, ductility, the columns should be designed such that, they resist at least 50% base shear contributions. It is observed that using the steel V bracing in the low rise to mid-rise buildings, improves the seismic behaviors of the structures. The steel bracing reduces the maximum top story displacements, drift and time period of the building and increases the seismic base shear demand, stiffness of the structures. The result shows that as increasing the base shear contribution in the columns, the drift and displacement of the story increases and base shear decreases. Key Words: Response Spectrum Analysis, displacement, Maximum storey drift, Storey shear, Storey stiffness, braced frame, RC buildings.
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K., K. PATHAK, and DHOKANE SHALAKA. "A Study on the Effectiveness of Bracing Systems in Soft Storey Steel Buildings." Journal on Today's Ideas - Tomorrow's Technologies 4, no. 2 (2016): 77–88. https://doi.org/10.15415/jotitt.2016.42006.
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A soft storey or a weak storey is one in which the lateral stiffness is less than 70 percent of that in the storey above or it can be less than 80 percent of the average lateral stiffness of the three stories above. For the reduction of lateral deflection of a structure, a bracing system is provided. In seismic design of structure and in high rise structure, the provision of bracing system has become more effective. So this paper aims to find out the effect of bracing on soft storey of steel building. In this paper, G+9 steel frames are modeled with different type of bracing pattern and different combination of soft story using software STAAD Pro. Effect of these different bracings on soft storey is studied for different parameter like column displacement, maximum deflection, storey drift, maximum bending moment, maximum axial force and maximum shear force. From the observed result best type of bracing will be selected.
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Hullikashi, Renuka, and Chidananda G. "A Comparative Study on Seismic Performance of RCC and Composite Structures in Different Seismic Zones by Response Spectrum Method." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 9 (2023): 858–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.55742.
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Abstract: In the present study, seismic performance of RCC and Composite structures is investigated using ETABS software. Seismic parameters viz. storey displacement, drift ratio, stiffness, shear, overturning moment and time period for the developed RCC and composite models are obtained in both X and Y directions by response spectrum analysis as per IS 1893-Part 1 (2016) in seismic zones II to V. In both directions, maximum storey stiffness is observed in composite models as compared to RCC models. Maximum storey displacement, drift ratio and overturning storey moments are increases with increase in seismic zones for both RCC and Composite models. However, due to high stiffness, Composite models show less displacement, drift ratio, shear and overturning storey moment values as compared to RCC models for all the seismic zones in both directions.
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A.A., Saudagar, and R. M. Sawant Dr. "Comparative Study of Seismic Performance of a Multi-Storey Building with Prismatic and Non-Prismatic Beam." Journal of Structural Engineering, its Applications and Analysis 3, no. 1 (2020): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3597123.
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In general, it is observed that during earthquakes most of the buildings fail due to the failure of beam-column joints. To increase the integrity between beam and column a haunch (brace) can be provided at the junction. The main disadvantage of the prismatic beam frame is that these are as strong as there joints are weak, no matter how strong it is held with the ground or how strong is beam or column, it will fail as its joint get cracked. In this paper results from the analytical study of various parameters like modal time period, base shear, maximum storey displacement, storey drift and stiffness of three multi-storey building models are compared. All three models are having the same factors but relative haunch depth (γ) varying. By keeping maximum haunch depth (hmax) constant depth of middle prismatic section (ho) is varying. From the results, it can be noticed that the Non-prismatic beam frame model with greater ho is having better performance under earthquake loading.
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Suthar, Devender Kumar, and Sabhilesh Singh. "Dynamic Analysis of Irregular Steel Building with or Without Diagrid Structure." International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering and Management 10, no. 6 (2023): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55524/ijirem.2023.10.5.3.
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In this paper, our work presents the comparison of irregular steel structures with or without diagrids according to earthquake conditions proposed in IS 1893:2016. An irregular 2B + G+18 story steel building with plan size (15 m x15 m), located in zone IV having medium soil conditions is considered for analysis. The modelling and analysis are carried out using ETABS 2019 software. All structural members are designed as per IS456:2000. Analysis and study of both steel buildings, taking into account the dynamic analysis along the wind and the lateral effects of the wind and all load combinations confirming the I.S code. Building models are analyzed by ETABS 2019 software to study the effect of maximum storey displacement, maximum storey drift, base reactions, storey stiffness and storey forces etc.
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Nakum, Amit R., and Dr K. B. Parikh. "To Evaluate the Seismic Response of a Building Having Stiffness Irregularity and Plan Irregularity with Quintuple Friction Pendulum System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (2022): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43707.
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Abstract: Quintuple friction pendulum (QFPS) bearing is a new generation sliding isolation system having multiple spherical sliding surfaces. The friction isolation system with single sliding surface is designed for a specific level of ground shaking, which may prove ineffective in case of other hazard levels. The QFPS bearing on the other hand, exhibits adaptive behavior and imparts greater amount of flexibility to the designer for various levels of earthquake shaking. Here, the effectiveness of Quintuple Friction pendulum system is carried out to study the seismic demands of base-isolated building frames with stiffness irregularities and plan irregularities subjected to various earthquake ground motions i.e. Far field ground motion, near field ground motion with fling step and near field ground motion with forward directivity by comparing their estimates with the benchmark responses obtained by the Non-Linear Time History Analysis (NLTHA). SAP 2000 Software has been used for the same. The two soft storey buildings and two buildings with plan irregularity will be modelled and analyzed. The seismic demands namely, Inter story drift, peak storey acceleration, maximum base shear are considered for the study.The reduction in absolute acceleration is found more in case of PI as compared to SS for all the considered time histories. The reduction in Maximum Base-Shear is found more in case of Plan irregularity as compared to Stiffness Irregularity (Soft Story) in all the considered Time History. In isolated structure, the Inter-storey drift is found to be maximum in case of structure having soft storey as compared to plan irregularity 1 and 2. Keywords: Multi storied RC structures, Plan irregularities, Soft storey, Quintuple Friction Pendulum, Non linear Time History Method(NLTHM)
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Bhatt, Anand Dev. "Comparison of Interstorey Drift in General RC Buildings in Pounding and No Pounding Case." Technical Journal 2, no. 1 (2020): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tj.v2i1.32828.
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Inter-storey drift is an important parameter of structural behavior in seismic analysis of buildings. Pounding effect in building simply means collision between adjacent buildings due to earthquake load caused by out of phase vibration of adjacent buildings. There is variation in inter-storey drift of adjacent buildings during pounding case and no pounding case.
 The main objective of this research was to compare the inter-storey drift of general adjacent RC buildings in pounding and no pounding case. For this study two adjacent RC buildings having same number of stories have been considered. For pounding case analysis there is no gap in between adjacent buildings and for no pounding case analysis there is sufficient distance between adjacent buildings.
 The model consists of adjacent buildings having 4 and 4 stories but unequal storey height. Both the buildings have same material & sectional properties. Fast non-linear time history analysis was performed by using El-centro earthquake data as ground motion. Adjacent buildings having different overall height were modelled in SAP 2000 v 15 using gap element for pounding case. Finally, analysis was done and inter-storey drift was compared. It was found that in higher building inter-storey drift is greater in no pounding case than in pounding case but in adjacent lower height building the result was reversed. Additionally, it was found that in general residential RC buildings maximum inter-storey drift occurs in 2nd floor.
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Zheng, Shan Suo, Wei Yang, Qing Lin Tao, and Yi Hu. "Analysis of Storey Damage Effect Factors of SRC Frame-RC Core Tube Hybrid Structure under Cyclic Loading." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.52.
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Based on the general finite-element software ABAQUS, the FE model of 30-story SRC frame-RC core tube hybrid structure is built up. The maximum story drift angle of the structure under cyclic loading can effectively characterize the changes in storey damage. With the new achievements on damage effect factors, the relation between storey damage and component damage of various types and influence of the main design parameters on the storey damage law are analyzed. It is found that storey damage degree is more serious with the increase of stiffness character value and shear wall depth-thickness ratio, but the effects of both of them are gradually weakened and the change range of it is really small. Research will provide theoretical support on the building of hybrid structure damage model under earthquake excitation.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Maximum storey drift"
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Erdogan, Burcu. "Simple Models For Drift Estimates In Framed Structures During Near-field Earthquakes." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608699/index.pdf.
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Maximum interstory drift and the distribution of this drift along the height of the structure are the main causes of structural and nonstructural damage in frame type buildings subjected to earthquake ground motions. Estimation of maximum interstory drift ratio is a good measure of the local response of buildings. Recent earthquakes have revealed the susceptibility of the existing building stock to near-fault ground motions characterized by a large, long-duration velocity pulse. In order to find rational solutions for the destructive effects of near fault ground motions, it is necessary to determine drift demands of buildings. Practical, applicable and accurate methods that define the system behavior by means of some key parameters are needed to assess the building performances quickly instead of detailed modeling and calculations.
In this study, simple equations are proposed in order for the determination of the elastic interstory drift demand produced by near fault ground motions on regular and irregular steel frame structures. The proposed equations enable the prediction of maximum elastic ground story drift ratio of shear frames and the maximum elastic ground story drift ratio and maximum elastic interstory drift ratio of steel moment resisting frames. In addition, the effects of beam to column stiffness ratio, soft story factor, stiffness distribution coefficient, beam-to-column capacity ratio, seismic force reduction factor, ratio of pulse period to fundamental period, regular story height and number of stories on elastic and inelastic interstory drift demands are investigated in detail. An equation for the ratio of maximum inelastic interstory drift ratio to maximum elastic interstory drift ratio developed for a representative case is also presented.
Book chapters on the topic "Maximum storey drift"
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Dumaru, Rakesh, Hugo Rodrigues, and Humberto Varum. "Seismic Performance Assessment, Retrofitting and Loss Estimation of an Existing Non-Engineered Building in Nepal." In Case Studies on Conservation and Seismic Strengthening/Retrofitting of Existing Structures. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/cs002.043.
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<p>The non-engineered building built before 2004 remained after Gorkha earthquake although such structures demonstrate seismic deficient. Therefore, the present study aims to carry out detail seismic performance of such building to investigate as-built seismic performance and its performance after intervention of retrofit measures. Two in situ tests were performed, which includes Schmidt hammer test and ambient vibration test. The adaptive pushover analysis and dynamic time history analyses were performed for as-built and retrofitted building. The retrofit measures increase the stiffness and maximum base shear capacity of the buildings. In addition, such retrofit measures improved single storey drift concentration in existing building such that uniform drift profile can be attained. Furthermore, the probability of exceeding damage states can be significantly reduced and mainly found to be more effective in minimizing higher damage states, such as partial collapse and collapse states. The maximum expected annual loss occurs between 0.1 g and 0.2 g PGA (Peak Ground Acceleration). It was revealed that the steel braced building was found to be relatively more effective in enhancing the seismic performance, whereas reinforced concrete shear wall found more economic feasible retrofit measure for this particular building.</p>
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Poorahad Anzabi, Pooria, Mahmoud R. Shiravand, and Shima Mahboubi. "Machine Learning-Aided Prediction of Seismic Response of RC Bridge Piers Exposed to Chloride-Induced Corrosion." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69626-8_118.
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AbstractDifferent environmental issues such as carbonation and corrosion due to chloride threaten aging reinforced concrete (RC) bridges that are in service in areas highly prone to corrosion and earthquakes. Significant experimental and numerical efforts have been put into scrutinizing the effect of corrosion on nonlinear behavior of structural elements. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, useful methods are now provided to allow for the assessment of such bridges without the drawbacks and limitations of the experimental and numerical methods. In this paper, four machine learning (ML) algorithms are employed; linear regression (LR), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and XGBoost for data fitting of the models, and Bayesian search is used for optimization of hyperparameters. Numerical models of RC piers with stochastic parameters defining geometry, loading, and materials are built, and the degradation due to corrosion is applied with a randomly determined level of corrosion. Then, the corroded models are nonlinearly analyzed with random ground motions scaled to design-based and maximum credible earthquake spectra, and maximum drift ratios are stored. Using the created database, different ML models are compared to find the most accurate one. R-squared, mean absolute error, mean squared error, and root mean squared error metrics are considered as the criteria for the selection of the most accurate model. LR model with R2 = 0.53, MAE = 0.0026, mean squared error (MSE) = 1.4 × 10−5, and root mean squared error (RMSE) = 0.0036 has the lowest accuracy while XGBoost with R2 = 0.8, MAE = 0.0015, MSE = 5 × 10−6, and RMSE = 0.0028 is the most accurate model. DT and RF models with R2 = 0.7 and R2 = 0.73, respectively, are in between.
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Etli, Serkan, and Melek Akgül. "Investigation of the Behavior of Steel-Concrete Composite Structure with Different Design Properties Under Far-Fault and Near Fault Earthquake Records." In Interdisciplinary studies on contemporary research practices in engineering in the 21st century-III. Özgür Yayınları, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58830/ozgur.pub130.c604.
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Calculations of earthquake effects can be handled in different ways in current national or international regulations. It is of great importance to consider the second-order effects of properties. After the structural modeling, the designs are completed by using the forces obtained in the section calculations made by considering the earthquake effects. Deformations due to second-order effects can cause greater damage in sections. Within the scope of this study, steel-concrete composite systems, which are produced in Eurocode norms and have remarkable features among structural systems, have been examined. The effects of considering the sensitivity coefficient in the Eurocode in the examinations on the system were evaluated separately in internal and external frames. Especially in elastic design and force-based designs, the effect of this coefficient has been evaluated in buildings with different coefficients in this study. As an example, the number of floors of the studied buildings were modeled as 8, 10, 13 and 15-storey composite moment-resisting frames. During the modeling, the sensitivity coefficient was evaluated to be 0<θ≤0.1 and 0.1<θ≤0.2 in two different intervals. In the evaluations, Nonlinear Time History analyzes, and nonlinear element and material models were used to evaluate the nonlinear behavior. To evaluate the behavior of the systems, the average and maximum values of the interstory drift ratios were carried out. In systems consisting of exemplary composite moment-resisting frames, it has been theoretically evaluated that there were important effects of the use of this coefficient, especially in outer frames.
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"Passive Dampers." In Structural Dynamics and Static Nonlinear Analysis From Theory to Application. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4399-3.ch005.
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Civil structures are subjected to various types of loading, which induce severe damage to the structures. Many techniques have been developed for structural rehabilitation; one of the emerging technologies is the use of energy dissipation systems such as fluid viscous dampers (referred to hereafter by FVD). In this chapter, the effect of these devices on the dynamic behavior of an RC building is investigated, with an optimal choice of the linear FVD parameter (i.e., damping coefficient), using a simplified and effective approach. It was found that the maximum inter-story drift of the analyzed retrofitted structures can be significantly reduced compared to the original ones.
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B. K, Shruthi, S. Sangita Mishra, and Vedprakash Maralapalle. "A STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF PLAN ASPECT RATIO ON SEISMIC RESPONSES OF RCC BUILDINGS USING ETABS." In Futuristic Trends in Construction Materials & Civil Engineering Volume 3 Book 5. Iterative International Publishers, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bjce5p1ch1.
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Seismic design is a critical aspect of constructing safe and resilient buildings in earthquake-prone regions. The layout and design of a building play a significant role in determining its behavior under seismic forces. The as pectratio, defined as the ratio of a building's width to its height, is an important parameter that affects its structural response during earthquakes. The placement of the core within the building is crucial as it directly impacts the distribution of lateral forces and stiffness of the structure. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the effects of plan aspect ratio on the seismic performance of RCC buildings. This study investigates the effects of plan aspect ratio on the seismic responses of rein forced concrete (RCC) buildings using ETABS software. The research aims to assess the impact of core placement in structures with different aspect ratios and analyze various parameters such as story drift, shear forces, and other relevant factors. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of how the placement of the core within a building influences its response to seismic loads. The results obtained from the analysis of the seismic responses of RCC buildings with different aspect ratios and core placements indicate significant variations in their behavior. Story 7consistently exhibits the highest displacement values in both the X and Y directions across different aspect ratios, suggesting that this story is more vulnerable to seismic loads. Aspect Ratio 1:1.5 and Story 4 generally demonstrate the lowest displacement values, indicating a more favorable response to seismic forces. Additionally, Story 1 exhibits the highest shear force, whereas Aspect Ratio 1:2 experiences the lowest shear force in Story 1. The maximum lateral load occurs in Aspect Ratio 1:1, while Story 7 experiences the highest lateral load in both directions. These findings emphasize the influence of core placement on the impact of seismic loads on the structure.
Conference papers on the topic "Maximum storey drift"
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Chen, Xingchen, Defeng Xu, Hiroshi Tagawa, and Feifei Sun. "Seismic fragility assessment of spine frame system considering various types of ground motions." In IABSE Symposium, Tokyo 2025: Environmentally Friendly Technologies and Structures: Focusing on Sustainable Approaches. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2749/tokyo.2025.0846.
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<p>This study aimed to assess the seismic performance of structures adopting the spine frame system and provide fragility curves for evaluating failure levels considering various types of ground motions. Three structural models were considered, namely the moment-resisting frame (MF) model, spine frame without damper (SF) model, and spine frame with damper (SFD) model. Four types of ground motions (far-field, near-field no-pulse, near-field pulse, and long-period subsets) were selected. The maximum story drift ratio and residual story drift ratio of the MF, SF, and SFD models were compared under far-field ground motions considering two intensity levels. Moreover, incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) was conducted and the fragility curves of MF, SF, and SFD models were obtained for four limit states, namely light damage (LD), moderate damage (MD), severe damage (SD), and collapse damage (CD).</p>
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Kalman Šipoš, Tanja, and Adriana Brandis. "INFLUENCE OF GROUND MOTION PARAMETERS ON SEISMIC RESPONSE." In 3rd Croatian Conference on Earthquake Engineering. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5592/co/3crocee.2025.128.
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To establish a connection with structural vulnerability, ground motions generate intricate datasets distinguished by various properties. The objective of the investigation is to evaluate the impact of specific seismic record properties on the nonlinear structural response of buildings, with the ultimate goal of determining the characteristics that have the most significant effect on structural vulnerability. An experimental model, the ICONS, was employed to calibrate a numerical nonlinear model for the study. This model depicts existing buildings that were constructed without regard for seismic regulations. These buildings are prevalent in cities such as Zagreb and Dubrovnik, located in highly seismically precarious regions of Croatia. The analysis comprised 30 seismic records that were selected based on parameters such as peak ground acceleration (PGA), magnitude (M), and distance from the epicentre (R), following the disaggregation and uniform hazard spectrum results. Storey displacement data was generated from the records through dynamic time-history analysis, which allowed for calculating maximum inter storey drift ratios (IDR) as a metric for structural damage. A substantial correlation between structural damage and seismic record characteristics was discovered during the analysis. Peak ground velocity (PGV), specific energy density (SED), and Housner intensity (HI) were identified as the most significant factors influencing structural vulnerability. Consequently, they should be prioritised when selecting seismic records for structural damage assessments.
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"Estimation of Maximum Drift of MDOF Shear Structures Using Only One Accelerometer." In Structural Health Monitoring. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901311-14.
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Abstract. This paper presents a new method to estimate maximum drifts, relative displacements between adjacent floors, of all stories of multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) shear structures using only one floor’s absolute acceleration time history response under the ground excitation. The absolute acceleration and relative displacement are formulated in modal coordinates and the state-space expression is derived. Then the numerical simulation for a three-story structure was conducted to verify the performance of the state-space equation. The comparison of the estimated state and input with actual values is made and shows the good agreement. In addition, the relative displacement time histories of all floors were obtained, and the errors of maximum displacements and inter-story drifts were analyzed. The robustness against environmental noise was also investigated by numerical simulations as well. The results of simulations indicate the estimation is satisfactory, and very robust against the environmental disturbance.
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"Estimation Method of Maximum Inter-Story Drift Angle of Wood-Frame House using Two Accelerometers." In Structural Health Monitoring. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901311-21.
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Abstract. In April 2016, Kumamoto earthquake occurred in Japan and many wooden houses collapsed and many lives were lost because of the second and larger main shock. As a result, the need for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) for wooden houses is receiving increased attention. In the SHM system, maximum inter-story drift angle is considered as the damage index. We assume that the first story of a wooden house will be damaged so that we need only to focus on the response of this first story. Hence, we install accelerometers on the ground floor and the second floor. In order to estimate the inter-story drift angle, we need to integrate the acceleration records twice. The simple double integration will result in erroneous results. Thus, in this paper, we propose the most appropriate integration method to estimate the maximum story drift angle with high accuracy using two accelerometers.
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Tim Sob, Landry Wilfried, Changgen Deng, Moneef Mohamed Elobaid Musa, Md Nasir Uddin, and Faharidine Mahamoudou. "Case Study On a Nonlinear Static and Dynamic Behavior of a 2D-Story Steel Frame with Different Configuration." In IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.0803.
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<p>This paper investigated the seismic performance of steel frames under earthquake motion. Two- story steel frames were designed based on a code-design method for a medium and high-risk seismic zone. The frame's nonlinear static and dynamic analyses have been performed using OpenSees software and sap2000. We consider diverse configurations, concentrated plasticity, and fiber-model were employed. The results obtained in the analytical study concluded that the user design method was reasonable and the mean maximum drift of the frames under the ground motion sets was in an acceptable range.</p>
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Hadibroto, Bambang, Edo Barlian, Kemala Jeumpa, Sarwa Sarwa, and Muhammad Yafizham Irsya. "The Effect of Earthquake Vibration on the Deformation of the Steel Structure of a Special Moment Frame System." In The 5th International Conference on Science and Technology Applications. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-qc2xe2.
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Earthquakes cause deformations in structural elements which then lead to interstory drift and probability of collapse in building structures. Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) will obtain a graph containing the Response Spectral Acceleration (RSA) value for the maximum interstory drift ratio, which will then be used to calculate the probability of collapse using the Fragility Curve. The structure is planned to be located in Biak city on hard soil conditions with a 16-story two-dimensional SRPMK building model. Various ground motions scaled to the design response spectrum of Biak city with 2 different methods were used. Based on the analysis conducted, the average interstory drift value for RSA scaling (T1) is 0.33 meters and RSA scaling (T1 = 0) is 0.2 meters, both of which occur on the first floor of the building structure. The largest RSA value obtained through IDA for the RSA scaling (T1) was 1.63 g and the RSA scaling (T1 = 0) was 1.89 g. Through the Fragility Curve, the probability of structural collapse at an RSA value of 1.63 g is 0.99 and at an RSA value of 1.89 g is 0.75.
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"Seismic Fragility Analysis of Mid-Story Isolation Buildings." In Structural Health Monitoring. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901311-31.
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Abstract. Seismic fragility analysis is essential for seismic risk assessment of structures. This study focuses on the damage probability assessment of the mid-story isolation buildings with different locations of the isolation system. To this end, the performance-based fragility analysis method of the mid-story isolation system is proposed, adopting the maximum story drifts of structures above and below the isolation layer and displacement of the isolation layer as performance indicators. Then, the entire process of the mid-story isolation system, from the initial elastic state to the elastic-plastic state, then to the limit state, is simulated on the basis of the incremental dynamic analysis method. Seismic fragility curves are obtained for mid-story isolation buildings with different locations of the isolation layer, each with fragility curves for near-field and far-field ground motions, respectively. The results indicate that the seismic fragility probability subjected to the near-field ground motions is much greater than those subjected to the far-field ground motions. In addition, with the increase of the location of the isolation layer, the dominant components for the failure of mid-story isolated structures change from superstructure and isolation system to substructure and isolation system.
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Sinha, R. "High dimensional model representation for the probabilistic assessment of seismic pounding." In Advanced Topics in Mechanics of Materials, Structures and Construction. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902592-5.
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Abstract: The study presented herein aims to analyse the seismic performance of a two-dimensional eight-storey non-ductile reinforced concrete frame against structural pounding with an adjacent three-storey stiff frame having different storey heights. The examined case of pounding refers to the extremely critical floor-to-column structural pounding for three different initial separation gaps between the said structures. Seismic vulnerability analysis is usually performed by way of developing fragility curves for a set of damage and intensity measures using a suitable fragility curve generation technique. For this study, damage measures are characterized by the percentage maximum inter-storey drifts of the taller, flexible frame while the peak ground accelerations of the ground motion data are used as the corresponding intensity measures. Displacement-based fragility curves were generated for 9 sampling points using the High Dimensional Model Representation (HDMR) technique and the results were compared with actual probabilistic data obtained using Monte-Carlo Simulations (MCS). The results of this study imply that the proposed use of HDMR provides excellent fragility curves for the estimation of pounding risks with a significant reduction in the number of simulations required, thereby reducing the computational cost by huge margins. Results also indicate that fragility curves for target separation distances can also be obtained using HDMR without performing additional simulations. This can further be used for the mitigation of pounding risks and for the reliability-based design of buildings for target separation distances and damage measures.
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Armstrong, C., Y. Drobyshevski, C. Chin, and I. Penesis. "Variability of Extreme Riser Responses due to Wave Frequency Motions of a Weather-Vaning FPSO." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61745.
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The variability of extreme responses of a flexible riser due to wave frequency motions of weather-vaning FPSO is investigated numerically. The objective of this study is to examine such variability in isolation from that caused by the low frequency (slow drift) vessel motions and vessel offsets. Investigation of the extreme value distributions of flexible risers provides the statistical foundation for flexible riser Response Based Analysis (RBA) for use in system design; the determination of the statistical properties of extreme flexible riser responses provides a method for the prediction of extreme responses of offshore systems in cyclonic conditions. A case study conducted in OrcaFlex included an FPSO vessel with a Lazy-S configured riser system. Five riser responses were selected in critical locations including tension, heave, and curvature responses. The environmental cases included two cyclonic storms consisting of multiple half-hour intervals. For each interval, time domain simulations included 40 wave realizations in order to provide a dataset for robust fitting of the extreme value distributions in the Gumbel format. Once the short term interval distributions were established, response distributions in a storm were generated by multiplying the short term distributions and the most probable maximum (MPM) response in a storm computed. A comparison of maximum interval, storm and 3-hour MPMs is presented, which indicates to what extent the MPM response in a storm exceeds the corresponding maximum interval response. Differences between the tension and heave responses are compared with those observed in the curvature responses. This study was limited to riser excitation by waves, current and wave frequency motions of a turret moored FPSO and it is expected that further inclusion of low frequency motions would contribute to the response variability. The inclusion of such variability will ultimately enable the storm-based statistical approach to be used for the development of long-term distribution of the riser responses.
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Furukawa, Y. "Evaluation of a practical automatic damage assessment system using a single accelerometer for wooden frame houses." In Structural Health Monitoring. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902455-18.
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Abstract In recent years, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has been attracting more attention as a method to determine the existence of the damage and its extent. The typical SHM system employs many sensors to assess the damage quantitatively and qualitatively. However, such a system is not appropriate for wooden houses as it is very costly despite the strong demand. Therefore, developing a low-cost SHM system for wooden houses is necessary. We have been working on algorithms that automatically determine the degree of damage from the maximum inter-story drift angle and natural frequencies using two accelerometers and evaluate the accuracy of the results by applying them to full-scale shake table experimental data.[1] Then, we evolved the system to use only a single accelerometer. In this advanced method, we estimate the first natural frequency without being annoyed by the fundamental frequency of ground motion, which often deteriorates frequency estimation accuracy. In this paper, we demonstrate the applicability of the SHM system using only one sensor in practical scenarios. Firstly, we examined the proposed method using only one accelerometer through the simulation approach. Secondly, we test the system's applicability utilizing a series of large-scale shake table test data. Finally, we examine this method's validity and economic feasibility, contributing to cost reduction and simplification of the algorithm for practical use.