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Frick, Olesa Verfasser], and Arne [Akademischer Betreuer] [May. "Charakterisierung des Patientenkollektivs einer Hochschulambulanz am Beispiel der Kopfschmerzambulanz des UKE / Olesa Frick ; Betreuer: Arne May." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-95104.
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Nielsen, Maja Verena Verfasser], and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] [May. "Klinische Charakterisierung und Differenzierung von Bakteriämie und Malaria als Ursache schwerer fieberhafter Erkrankungen bei Kindern in Ghana / Maja Verena Nielsen. Betreuer: Jürgen May." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-77723.
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May, Sarah [Verfasser]. "Lymphknotenstaging beim nicht-kleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinom : Die Validität der 18[F]-2-Fluoro-2-desoxy-D-glukose PET/CT-Untersuchung / Sarah May." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1188906704/34.
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May, Nadine Christine [Verfasser], and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Behr. "18 Monate Screening zur Endoskopischen Lungen-Volumenreduktion bei Patienten mit COPD : Ergebnisse aus einem spezialisierten Behandlungszentrum / Nadine Christine May ; Betreuer: Jürgen Behr." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1221524380/34.
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Vitari, F. "How functional foods may affect the gut and the adipose tissue of the farmed pig : a qualitative and quantitative micro-anatomical study." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/66760.
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Kim, Sangduck. "Public theology for peace photography : a critical analysis of the roles of photojournalism in peacebuilding, with the special reference to the Gwangju Uprising in South Korea." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31507.
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In this thesis, I investigate the different ways in which photography can be used to build peace in conflict situations. Although its role can be ambivalent, I primarily focus on its positive uses with the question: to what extent can photography promote peace rather than violence and conflict? My contention is that photography has the potential to contribute to building peace through several important roles in pre-conflict, post-conflict, and conflict situations: it can bear witness to truth, represent victims' suffering, encourage nonviolent resistance against violence, reconstruct painful memories, and re-imagine justice and reconciliation. To do this, I primarily focus on the May 18th Gwangju Democratic Uprising which happened between the 18th and 27th of May 1980 in the city of Gwangju, in the south-western region of South Korea. In the first chapter, I explore the relation between photography and peacebuilding, providing a brief history of 'war photography' particularly between the mid-19th century and the mid-20th century. I focus on two movements in war photography - realism and surrealism. Then, I consider the role of war photography from a peacebuilding perspective, by focusing on the concept of 'social psychological distance' between photographs and audience. In the second chapter, I consider how a photograph can reveal truth in violent conflict situations, focusing on the concept of 'bearing witness'. In comparison with the concept of 'eye witnessing', I examine how photographs have contributed to bearing witness to violent events. In this fashion, I focus on the importance of journalists and their roles as bearing witness to truth. In the third chapter, I investigate how photography can represent a victim's suffering and promote empathy. For this, I re-examine compassion fatigue theory, drawing upon the work of Susan Sontag and Susan Moeller. I then explore the theme through analysis of social documentary photography in the mid-twentieth century in the United States. In the fourth chapter, I argue that photography has the potential play an active role in empowering people to overcome fear and resist violence nonviolently. This offers a balance to those who propose a compassion fatigue theory, arguing that repeated exposure to violent images can reduce moral sensibility. In other words, even though photography can produce cultural fatigue from overwhelming violent representations, it can also promote moral sensibility and social actions against violence. In the fifth chapter, I investigate the role of photography in the aftermath of violent conflict, mainly focusing on the relationship between remembering and painful history. Drawing on cultural memory theories such as those developed by Maurice Halbwachs and Aleida and Jan Assmann, I contend that social identities can be reconstructed through the process of remembering. I argue that photography can be a tool for remembering the painful history wisely, mainly focusing on reconstruction of identity and healing of cultural trauma (Hicks 2002; Volf 2006). I explore how photography contributes to the practice of remembering painful history rightly. In the final chapter, I focus on reconciliation and restorative justice as an alternative approach to building a just and peaceful society in the aftermath of a conflict such as the Gwangju Uprising. Because of the relational aspect of reconciliation and restorative justice, I argue, the approach can contribute to the development of the 'moral imagination' that overcomes the limits of the current juridical justice system. Reconciliation cannot be only the end of peacebuilding, but also a practical guideline for achieving both peace and justice.
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Mukundu, Rashweat. "A critical discourse analysis of the coverage of operation "Restore Order" (Operation Murambatsvina) by Zimbabwe's weekly newspapers, the state-owned The Sunday Mail and the privately owned The Standard, in the period 18 May to 30 June 2005." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002925.
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On May 16 2006 the government of Zimbabwe embarked on a clean-up programme of urban centres, destroying informal human settlements and informal businesses. This operation, which the government called operation "Restore Order", resulted in the displacement of nearly one million people and left thousands of families homeless. This study is a discussion and an analysis of the coverage of the clean-up operation by two of Zimbabwe's leading Sunday newspapers, The Sunday Mail and The Standard. The Sunday Mail is owned by the Zimbabwe government and The Standard is privately owned and perceived to be oppositional to the current Zimbabwe government. The two newspapers, therefore, covered the clean-up operation from different perspectives and often presented conflicting reports explaining why the clean-up operation was carried out and the extent of its impact on the lives of millions of Zimbabweans. The chosen research approach is the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework as developed by Fairclough (1995). Using CDA, this study seeks to find out and expose the underlying ideological struggles for hegemony between different social and political groups in Zimbabwe and how the newspapers became actors in this process. This process is made possible by looking at how news reporting is organised in the two newspapers, issues of language use, sourcing and external factors that influenced the coverage of the operation.
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Panici, Jacob Anthony. "Hormone treatment early in development may produce persistent and possibly permanent changes in the insulin sensitivity of Ames dwarf and Growth Hormone Receptor/binding protein Knock-out mice (GHR-KO) /." Available to subscribers only, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1079663301&sid=18&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2005.<br>"Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-78). Also available online.
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Chauveau, Aurélie. "Identification des mutations à visée diagnostique et pronostique dans les néoplasies myéloprolifératives et impact sur l'épissage alternatif Sequential analysis of 18 genes in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia reveals an association between mutational status and clinical outcome, in Genes chromosomes & cancer 56(5), May 2017 Benefits and pitfalls of pegylated interferon-α2a therapy in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm-associated myelofibrosis: a French Intergroup of Myeloproliferative neoplasms (FIM) study, in Haematologica 103, March 2018". Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0042.
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Les néoplasies myéloprolifératives (NMP), non BCR-ABL1, regroupent principalement la polyglobulie de Vaquez (PV), la thrombocytémie essentielle (TE) et la myélofibrose primitive (MFP).Ces pathologies partagent, dans des proportions variables, une mutation commune, la mutation JAK2 V617F. La protéine JAK2 mutée a une activité tyrosine kinase constitutive, impliquée dans le développement de la maladie. Cette mutation, seule, n’explique pas l’hétérogénéité phénotypique au sein des NMP. L’avènement des techniques de séquençage haut débit a permis de mieux appréhender la physiopathologie. Notre travail avait pour objectif l’identification de mutations additionnelles au sein de deux cohortes suivies au long cours en lien avec un risque d’aggravation de la maladie, l’une regroupant des patients en phase chronique (TE et PV JAK2 V617F), la seconde regroupant des patients avec une myélofibrose traitée par interféron. A l’instar d’autres travaux récents, nous avons montré que le nombre de mutations et la présence de mutations additionnelles sont associés à l’évolution de la maladie, voire à la réponse au traitement.Parmi les mutations identifiées, certaines pourraient influencer l’épissage. La deuxième partie de ce travail a donc consisté à étudier l’épissage alternatif en fonction des mutations présentes, et en particulier la mutation JAK2 (V617F) et de manière globale dans les TE. Un saut de l’exon 14 de JAK2 a été décrit chez des patients NMP présentant, ou non, la mutation JAK2 V617F. Cette mutation du gène JAK2 est prédite pour altérer un site de fixation de la protéine SRSF6 régulatrice de l’épissage. Nous observons que le saut de l’exon 14 est un événement peu fréquent chez les patients, modulé en partie par l’expression des protéines SR. L’analyse transcriptomique montre une grande hétérogénéité entre les patients en termes d’expression et d’épissage, ce qui ne nous a pas permis de mettre en évidence de profil caractéristique. Ces résultats soulignent l’importance de l’identification des mutations additionnelles au diagnostic et au cours du suivi.Nous avons pu, en outre, identifier quelques transcrits alternatifs associés à la présence de ces mutations. Le rôle fonctionnel de ces variants reste à définir<br>Polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) are a group of Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). These diseases share a common mutation, JAK2 V617F, in varying proportions. The mutated JAK2 protein has a constitutive tyrosine kinase activity, implicated in the physiopathology of MPN. This mutation alone does not explain the phenotypic heterogeneity within MPN.High throughput sequencing techniques helped understanding the physiopathology. This work aimed to identify additional mutations in two patient cohorts related to the aggravation risk of the disease. The first one consisted of patients in chronic phase (JAK2 V617F ET and PV), the second consisted in patients with myelofibrosis treated with interferon. Like other studies, we have shown that the number of mutations and the presence of additional mutations are associated with disease progression or with response to treatment. Some identified mutations could influence splicing. The second part of this work aimed at studying the putative impact of the JAK2 V617F mutation, on alternative splicing (AS).We also analyzed global AS profiles in ET. JAK2 exon 14 skipping has been described in NMP patients with or without the JAK2 V617F mutation.This mutation was predicted to alter the binding site of the SRSF6 splice-regulating protein. We observed that exon 14 skipping was an uncommon event in patients, in part related to SR protein expression. In addition, our transcriptomic-wide analysis showed a great heterogeneity between the patients with respect to both gene expression and splicing. This prevented us from identifying any characteristic profile. These results underscore the importance of identifying additional mutations at diagnosis and during follow-up. We have also been able to uncover some alternative transcripts associated with the presence of these mutations.The functional role of these variants remains to be defined
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Ferrucci, Francesca <1986>. "Genetic and pharmacological modulation of the MYCN/MAX/MXD network." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8128/1/tesiPhD%20Ferrucci.pdf.
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MYCN amplification is found in many types of infancy cancer of
neuroendocrine origin, including neuroblastoma (NB). Since identification of
correlation between MYCN status and poor prognosis, many efforts have been made to
develop efficient MYCN targeting drugs. The rationale for choosing MYCN as a
NB therapeutic target lies in its tightly controlled expression during embryonic development and its undetectable levels in adult. Moreover, it is found deregulated in highly malignant cancers.
Kocak gene arrays highlights that low levels of MYCN antagonists MAX and MNT in presence of MYCN amplification, are related to good clinical outcome. On the other hand, Kocak dataset shows correlation between high levels of MAX and MNT and short term survival probability in NB. We have demonstrated that downregulation of MAX and MNT leads to suppression of the malignant phenotype of MYCN-amplified cells whereas their overexpression leads to enhancement of the malignant NB cell phenotype.
To date, despite the attractiveness of MYCN as a therapeutic target and the discovery of new MYCN targeting compounds, most of them have not passed the pre-clinical stage because of their non-specificity. A second approach to counteract MYCN oncogenicity has been proposed and a novel iron chelator M606 was identified for its ability to downregulate MYCN. Role of deacetylation in mediating MYCN downregulation has been shown and activator E2Fs consensus have been found necessary to induce M606-mediated downregulation of a reporter gene under control of MYCN promoter. We further pointed out the role of M606 in inducing hypophosphorylated state of RB supporting the hypothesis of RB sequestration of E2F. A putative role of TGF in mediate M606 downregulation has been suggested.
Overall, the present results support the possibility to offset MYCN driven oncogenesis through genetic or pharmacological approaches and provide lines of evidence of deregulated E2F/RB pathways in Neuroblastoma.
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Martin, Barbosa Marina <1985>. "MASP e MAM : percursos e movimentos culturais de uma época (1947-1969)." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/6546.
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L'obiettivo principale di questo lavoro è quello di studiare la creazione, il consolidamento ed il ruolo svolto dal 'Museu de Arte de São Paulo - MASP' e dal 'Museu de Arte Moderna de São Paulo - MAM', nel periodo che va dal 1947 al 1969, a partire dalla visione dei suoi creatori, importanti rappresentanti della cultura italiana a São Paulo: Pietro Maria Bardi (1900-1999) e Francisco "Ciccillo" Matarazzo Sobrinho (1898-1977). Con questo intento, si terrà conto dei gruppi sociali che, in quel periodo, sono stati responsabili di un vero e proprio rinnovamento artistico, il quale non si è limitato alla sola produzione dell’arte nazionale, ma ha riguardato sia la circolazione delle idee e dei principi dell'architettura moderna che la spinta ad incentivare lo sviluppo del design industriale, in un momento in cui la città di São Paulo si trovava nel suo pieno processo di trasformazione fisica, demografica, economica e sociale.
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Standridge, Daniel C. "Terms for compatibility between man and women according to Genesis 2:18." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1986. http://www.tren.com.
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Kolakowski, Beata. "Jakriborg 18 år senare : Hur kan man värdera nybyggnationer i historiserande arkitektur?" Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-64552.
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I denna uppsats har historiserande arkitektur studerats. Uppsatsen är avgränsad till att undersöka området Jakriborg, en stadsdel i medeltida arkitektur byggd 1999 i Hjärup, Skåne (Sverige). Detta för att få en djupare förståelse för hur äldre, historiska referenser inom arkitektur kan uppfattas vid nybyggnation samt för att undersöka hur Jakriborg framställs i media. En konflikt som finns gällande Jakriborg är skillnaden i arkitektoniska värderingar mellan arkitekter och lekmän. Samtidigt som Jakriborg har visat sig vara omtyckt bland allmänhet och Jakriborgs invånare, provocerar gestaltningen en del av arkitektkåren. Den främsta kritik som riktas mot Jakriborg är att stadsdelen utger sig för att vara något det inte är och har ett formspråk som inte speglar vår tid. Ett av incitamenten för beställarna när de planerade Jakriborg var motvisionen– en monoton och avskalad 1960-talsarkitektur. För att uppnå motsatsen till detta planerade de enligt ledord som variation, detaljrikedom, småskalighet och funktionsblandning. Slutsatserna pekar på att det är mycket viktigt att skapa en förståelse mellan arkitekter, beställare och allmänhet gällande arkitektur, speciellt med tanke på hur viktig gestaltningen är för människor som ska bo och vistas i de nybebyggda områdena samt med tanke på att arkitektur bör hålla över tid.<br>In this bachelor thesis I have studied newly constructed buildings that are built with historicizing architecture. The thesis is limited to examining the area Jakriborg, a neighborhood of medieval architecture built in 1999 in Hjärup, Skåne (Sweden). This is to gain a deeper understanding of how the older, historical references in architecture can be seen in new construction as well as to examine how Jakriborg is portrayed in the media. A conflict about Jakriborg exists, about the difference in architectural values between architects and laymen. While Jakriborg have shown to be popular among the public and Jakriborg's inhabitants, the architecture provokes some architects. The main criticism of Jakriborg is that it is pretending to be something it is not and has a design that does not reflect the present time. One of the incentives for the developer when they planned Jakriborg was their contrary-vision - a monotonous and stripped 1960-century architecture. To achieve the opposite of this they planned with keywords as variety, details, small scale constructions and mix of functions. The conclusions suggest that it is very important to create an understanding between architects, developer and the general public regarding architecture. Especially considering the importance of the design for people living and staying in the newly built areas, as well as that architecture should maintain over time.
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Thomas, Pierre. "Etats de mal epileptiques a expression confusionnelle de l'adulte : a propos de 18 observations." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE6003.
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Wunderlich, Mary [Verfasser]. "Die zeitgenössische Rezeption des genre sérieux im Frankreich des 18. Jahrhunderts / Mary Wunderlich." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1177741016/34.
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Egwuogu, Heartley. "The Effect of Urinary Cadmium on Cardiovascular Fitness as Measured by VO2 Max in White, Black and Mexican Americans." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/18.
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Context: Cadmium is an important predictor of lung function, including forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume and peak flow. Current evidence supports the notion that cadmium may be an important risk factor for cardiovascular fitness. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cadmium exposure on cardiovascular fitness in representative sample of US white, blacks and Mexican Americans. The study also sought to determine if the relationship between cadmium and cardiovascular fitness varies by gender and racial/ethnic group. Methods: The data utilized for this study were obtained from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). One-thousand nine hundred and sixty three subjects with data on cardiovascular fitness were eligible for this investigation. In NHANES, cardiovascular measurements were taken in series consisting of two minutes warm up exercise, two-three minutes exercise testing and two minutes resting period .The goal was to elicit 75% of predetermined age-specific heart rate by the end of the stress test. Cadmium was measured in the laboratory by taking urine sample of participants. Gender and race/ethnic specific multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to determine relationship of urinary cadmium with VO2 max. Results: There were gender and racial/ethnic difference in the relationship between urinary cadmium and VO2 max. In males and females, increased concentration of urinary cadmium was associated with decreased VO2 max across racial/ethnic groups (except in black males. The greatest negative association between cadmium and VO2 max was observed in black females (beta=-0.330) while the lowest value was recorded for white females (Beta=-0.074). The association was statistically significant in white males (Beta=-0.402, P =0.020) and Mexican American females (Beta=-0.290, P=0.026). Conclusion: There was inverse association between urinary cadmium and estimated VO2 max in a US nationally representative sample of White, Black and Mexican Americans. The impact of the gender and racial/ethnic differences in the association between urinary cadmium and VO2 max is not clear and warrants further investigation.
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Falanca, Nayara. "Modelagem e simulação para transferência de oxigênio em aeração forçada por bolhas utilizando os métodos MAC e Crank-Nicolson." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-27082014-111536/.
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A aeração artificial em meio líquido visa suprir a baixa concentração de oxigênio dissolvido em ambientes deficientes deste, sendo um processo comumente aplicado na área de tratamento de efluentes por processos aeróbios. Uma forma de produzir aeração artificial é através de difusores submersos no fundo de um tanque com formação de bolhas, que ascendem e transferem seu oxigênio ao longo da coluna dágua. Para simular e melhor entender este processo e sua fluidodinâmica, um modelo inicial simplificado foi proposto, baseado em conceitos teóricos e equações que representem o fenômeno, como a de dispersão de bolhas, velocidades médias e concentração de oxigênio dissolvido. Foi considerado para realização dos cálculos um tanque retangular, com entrada de água a esquerda e saída de água a direita, com superfície sólida ao fundo e superfície livre acima, em contato com o ar. As equações de transporte de massa foram discretizadas no tempo, utilizando a técnica de Crank-Nicolson e no espaço segundo metodologia de diferenças centrais, solucionadas posteriormente por meio de técnicas iterativas do tipo Gauss-Seidel. As equações de transporte de quantidade de movimento foram resolvidas com o método MAC, explícito nas velocidades do fluido e implícito na pressão, para fornecer o campo de velocidade e pressão. A equação de que fornece o perfil de espalhamento das bolhas foi tomada como uma Equação Gaussiana de dispersão bidimensional. A implementação computacional necessária para aplicação das abordagens foi no ambiente de programação MATLAB. O método MAC e a técnica Crank-Nicolson apresentaram resultados satisfatórios para simulações rápidas e noção do comportamento do fluido e da concentração de oxigênio dissolvido.<br>The artificial aeration in aqueous mean aims to supply low concentration of dissolved oxygen in deficient atmospheres of it. This process is commonly applied in the field of wastewater treatment by aerobic processes. One way to produce artificial aeration is through diffusers submerged at the bottom of a tank with the formation of bubbles, which ascend and transfer its oxygen throughout the water column. To simulate and better understand this process and its fluid dynamics, a simplified initial model was proposed based on theoretical concepts and equations that represent the phenomenon, as the dispersion of bubbles, average speeds and dissolved oxygen concentration. It was considered for the calculations one rectangular tank with the water inlet and water outlet from left to right, with solid surface to the bottom and free surface at the top in contact with air. The mass transport equations were discretized in time, using the Crank-Nicolson technique and in space according to the methodology of central differences, subsequently resolved by Gauss-Seidel technique iterative. The transport equations of momentum were solved with the MAC method, explicit on the velocities of the fluid and implicit on pressure, to afford the velocity field and pressure. The equation which provides the spreading profiles of bubbles was taken as a two-dimensional Gaussian dispersion equation. The computational implementation necessary for application of the approaches was the programming environment MATLAB. The MAC method and Crank- Nicolson technique showed satisfactory results for quick simulations and notion of the behavior of the fluid and the concentration of dissolved oxygen.
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Steinbrecher, Eva Verfasser], and Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] [Fleckner. "Mary Cassatt : im Zwielicht der Kunst / Eva Steinbrecher. Betreuer: Uwe Fleckner." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-73812.
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Mai, Victoria Verfasser], and Daniel A. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Reuter. "Qualität postoperativer anästhesiologischer Patientenübergaben an die Intensivstation / Victoria Mai. Betreuer: Daniel Reuter." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-77402.
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Incorvia, Niki. "Role Theory as an informative lens for understanding the familial and political power struggles of Henry VIII and Mary I of England." NSUWorks, 2014. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/18.
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This study aims to analyze the application of twentieth century sociologist George Mead's role theory to Henry VIII and Mary I, of Britain's Tudor Dynasty, regarding their treatment of their families during the early to mid-sixteenth century. Contemporary role theory can offer a useful lens to study sixteenth century royal family functionality through an analysis of Henry VIII and Mary I's lives as monarchs of England. Role theory can illuminate the role conflict that led to a separation between Henry and Mary as people and as sovereigns. Their roles, derived from traditional authority, set them apart as people and led them to behave in a way that would not have been true to their characters if they were not monarchs. The roles will therefore be given particular attention pertaining to family issues within a sixteenth century social, religious and political context. The findings of this study include an explanation of conflict with identity as well as a conflict with roles using transformation as the catalyst in the case of both of these monarchs. This study includes a qualitative content analysis, while also employing methods from the humanities to create a unique blend of methodology from both the social sciences and the field of history. This blend of methodology aids in creating a model to ensure further understanding of conflict analysis from a historical perspective.
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Bolstad, Steven B. "Opportunity in danger : Manstein's East Front strategy from 19 Nov 1942 to 18 Mar 1943." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/28428.
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In the 1990s the United States Armed Forces will be asked by its leaders to do more with less. This represents a significant turn from the policies of the last decade. During World War Two the German Army operated effectively under similar policy constraints. There are many lessons in strategic planning that can be learned from Field Marshal Erich von Manstein's operations during the Winter of 1942-43. He was able to grasp tremendous opportunity amid extreme strategic danger. He decisively changed the strategic situation on the Eastern Front over a four month period. This thesis addresses the following questions. What factors enabled him to operate so effectively? What hindered him? What decisions did he make, when and why? How might leaders today make similar decisions under similar circumstances and be as successful? The answers to these questions will be of great value to the United States Armed Forces as they restructure themselves for the 1990s
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Preti, Max Verfasser], and Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] [Herkel. "Immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune hepatitis / Max Preti ; Betreuer: Johannes Herkel." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-103267.
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Hjelm, Hanna. "”Har man fyllt 18 år är man vuxen och ska behandlas som sådan” : En jämförande analys av olika samhällsaktörers argumentation kring slopad ungdomsrabatt." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och kriminologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36504.
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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur olika samhällsaktörer förhåller sig till förslaget om att slopa ungdomsrabatten för unga lagöverträdare mellan 18–20 år, huruvida samhällsaktörerna använder sig av vetenskaplig argumentation samt vilka konsekvenser som de olika samhällsaktörerna tror kan uppstå om förslaget blir lag. För att besvara frågeställningarna används en komparativ metod. De olika samhällsaktörerna kategoriseras först i tre grupper: kommuner, rättsvårdande instanser samt statliga myndigheter. Därefter analyseras vilka likheter och skillnader som finns mellan grupperna med avseende på inställning till förslaget, vetenskaplig argumentation samt vilka konsekvenser de menade kunde uppstå om förslaget blev lag. Analysen visar att kommunerna är procentuellt sett mest positiva till förslaget och de använder sig procentuellt sett minst av vetenskaplig argumentation. De rättsvårdande instanserna är procentuellt sett minst positiva till förslaget, men har procentuellt störst vetenskaplig argumentation. De statliga myndigheterna ligger mittemellan, de är näst mest positiva till förslaget och har näst störst andel vetenskaplig argumentation. Rörande vilka konsekvenser lagförslaget kunde få, hade kommunerna störst andel som oroade sig för s.k. tröskeleffekter och ökad återfallsrisk medan de rättsvårdande instanserna hade störst andel som oroade sig för ökade kostnader, därefter tröskeleffekter och ökad arbetsbelastning. De statliga myndigheterna oroade sig mest för ökad återfallsrisk och ökade kostnader.
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Kreiker, Henri Konstantin Verfasser], and Max [Akademischer Betreuer] [Heiland. "Prospektive biomechanische Untersuchung der Langzeit-Entnahmemorbidität nach Hebung eines Radialistransplantates / Henri Konstantin Kreiker ; Betreuer: Max Heiland." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-81347.
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Benndorf, Jörg. "18. Geokinematischer Tag des Institutes für Markscheidewesen und Geodäsie am 10. und 12. Mai 2017 in Freiberg." TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 2017. https://tubaf.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23122.
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Neben dem Austausch über Messtechnische Erfassung und Überwachung, Analyse geokinematischer Prozesse, Modellierung von Lagerstätten und geostatistische Analyse und weiteren Themen stand zum Geokinematischen Tag 2017 vor allem das Helmert-Kolloquium anlässlich des 100. Todestages von Friedrich Robert Helmert im Mittelpunkt.
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Benndorf, Jörg. "19. Geokinematischer Tag des Institutes für Markscheidewesen und Geodäsie am 17. und 18. Mai 2018 in Freiberg." TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 2018. https://tubaf.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23240.
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Am 17. und 18. Mai 2018 fand der 19. Geokinematische Tag der TU Bergakademie Freiberg statt. Im Mittelpunkt der Fachtagung standen Anwendungen von Robotik und virtuelle Realität im Bergbau sowie Geomonitoring und geostatistische Analysen von Lagerstätten und Bergschäden. Auch wurden effiziente Methoden zur flächigen 2D- oder 3D-Datenerfassung, wie Terrestrisches oder Airborne-Laserscanning und auch die Fernerkundung vorgestellt. Ein Höhepunkt war der Vortrag des Projektes UNEXMIN, das neuartig entwickelte Unterwasserroboter vorstellte, die autonom den Zustand von gefluteten Gruben erfassen sollen.
Die Vielfalt der Vortragsthemen aus Praxis und Wissenschaft verdeutlichte, dass das Markscheidewesen in allen Stadien der Rohstoffgewinnung wichtige Beiträge leistet: von der Neuaufschließung von Lagerstätten, über die Planung und operative Betriebsführung, bis hin zur Rekultivierung, zur Nachbergbauphase und der Endlagerung
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Haycock, Lynne. ""The measure of the man ...?!" : men aged 18-24 : health, food, lifestyle practices and constructions of masculinity." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2014. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/23705/.
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This thesis aims to critically explore how young men aged 18-24 construct ‘health’ in terms of their knowledge, beliefs and behaviours and to examine what influence these factors may have on their own lifestyle practices, particularly, but not exclusively, in relation to food and how this informs their masculine identity. Statistics suggest that as a group young men are the worst at ‘following’ health promotion guidelines and as such are ‘positioning’ themselves as being at risk of developing certain illnesses and diseases such as cancer and diabetes as a result of this non-conformance. Men’s diets are often portrayed as being unhealthy; high in meat content and low in consumption of fruit and vegetables. Furthermore men’s health is often viewed in opposition to women’s and inequalities in health between men and women are often put down to man’s pursuit of hegemonic masculinity. This thesis will argue that statistics alone do not tell the whole picture as men are not a homogenous group, with differences in sexual orientation, class and age, to name but a few. Therefore to help understand the health behaviours of young men better their voices need to be listened to. This thesis will seek to understand the impact health promotion messages as well as other ‘educational’ sources such as the media, have upon the knowledge, health beliefs and behaviours of young men and if these ‘messages’ help or hinder their participation in such. This thesis draws upon qualitative data to investigate how food and health are understood and negotiated by young men as part of their lived experiences and will take a thematic approach to data analysis. The key findings suggest that the young men involved in this research had a good knowledge of what are considered healthy behaviours however these were not necessarily the ones they followed. The men were interested in their health albeit in a way of bodily appearance, particularly in respect of fatness, and presentation of an acceptable masculine physique rather than in reducing their susceptibility to illness and disease. Food for the participants was not something to be consumed in order to sustain a ‘healthy’ blood pressure for example but was something which they used as part of their physical activity regime to help build muscle and ‘keep in shape’. This was particularly important when the body was considered to be under the judgemental ‘gaze’ of others therefore being on holiday and having a ‘holiday body’ was where the display of an acceptable masculine physique was considered essential.
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Fortin, Carl. "Régulation de la production de chimiokines induite par des stimuli inflammatoires chez les neutrophiles humains rôle des phosphatidylinositol 3 kinases (PI3Ks), des MAP kinase interacting kinases (MNKs), et de l'interleukine (IL)-18." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4316.
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Les neutrophiles produisent plusieurs médiateurs peptidiques contribuant à l'inflammation lors de la réponse immunitaire contre les agents infectieux. Ces médiateurs sont encodés par des gènes dont la transcription est strictement régulée. Alors que ces facteurs de transcription sont bien connus, les voies de signalisation causant l'activation transcriptionnelle, ainsi que l'initiation de la traduction des chimiokines, sont moins bien caractérisées chez les neutrophiles humains. En conséquence, nous avons caractérisé le rôle de la PI3K dans cette réponse. L'inhibition de la PI3K par le LY294002 a considérablement réduit la sécrétion de chimiokines. La nucléofection de dominant-négatifs des sous-unités de la PI3K dans la lignée cellulaire PLB-985 différenciée en neutrophiles a confirmé ces résultats. D'autre part, le LY294002 a drastiquement inhibé l'expression génique de certaines chimiokines sans influencer l'activation des facteurs de transcription. Ceci a aussi été confirmé par la double nucléofection des dominants-négatifs et de promoteurs couplés à la luciférase. Ainsi, la PI3K affecte sélectivement la transcription de certaines chimiokines et module la traduction puisque le LY294002 inhibe la phosphorylation de protéines impliquées dans l'initiation de la traduction. Puisque les mécanismes contrôlant l'initiation de la traduction sont à peu près inconnus chez les neutrophiles, nous avons donc étudié la contribution de MNK I. Le CGP57380, un inhibiteur de MNK I, a fortement réduit la sécrétion de chimiokines. Ces données ont été confirmées par la nucléofection d'un dominant-négatif de MNK I dans la lignée cellulaire PLB-985 différenciée en neutrophiles. De plus, le CGP57380 n'influence pas l'expression génique des chimiokines. L'utilisation d'une coiffe synthétique mimant celle des ARNms nous a permis de déterminer que MNK I n'y est pas recrutée. Par contre, le CGP57380 diminue la phosphorylation de protéines impliquées dans le contrôle de l'initiation de la traduction. Nos résultats montrent que MNK I participe au contrôle de la traduction des chimiokines. Pour terminer, nous avons étudié la contribution de l'IL- 18 à la production de chimiokines. Nous avons tout d'abord détecté l'expression de l'IL- 18 en ARNm et au niveau protéique. De plus, bien que l'ARNm de l'IL- 18 soit inductible en réponse à plusieurs stimuli inflammatoires, seul le LPS peut induire sa sécrétion. Les neutrophiles sécrètent de façon constitutive l'IL-18 BP, l'inhibiteur naturel de l'IL-18, bien que cette sécrétion ne soit pas modulable. L'IL- 18 sécrété en réponse au LPS agit de façon autocrine sur les neutrophiles. En effet, le blocage de l'IL- 18 réduit considérablement l'expression et la sécrétion des chimiokines. En accord avec ces données, l'ajout d'IL-18 exogène induit l'expression et la sécrétion de plusieurs chimiokines en activant une signalisation intracellulaire semblable aux autres stimuli inflammatoires déjà étudiés. Dans leur ensemble, nos résultats dévoilent de nouvelles interactions entre l'IL-18 et les neutrophiles. En conclusion, les travaux présentés dans cette thèse ont montré que les stimuli inflammatoires utilisent en partie la voie de la PI3K au niveau de la transcription; et, au niveau de la traduction, les kinases MNK I et PI3K pour induire la production de chimiokines par les neutrophiles humains. Ces molécules de signalisation pourraient donc représenter des cibles prometteuses pour des interventions thérapeutiques visant à abaisser la production de chimiokines dans des pathologies chroniques dans lesquelles les neutrophiles et leurs produits jouent un rôle prédominant.
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Adati, Claudia Regina. "Análise e ajuste de modelos matemáticos para perdas de rendimento causadas por plantas daninhas na cultura de milho." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-01032016-120401/.
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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os modelos matemáticos existentes na literatura para descrever as perdas de rendimento ocasionadas por plantas daninhas considerando o seu ajuste matemático e a sua interpretação biológica bem como ajustar um modelo às perdas obtidas para a cultivar de milho BRS1030, cultivada em área com pivô central em sistema de plantio direto, localizada na área experimental da EMBRAPA Milho e Sorgo situada no município de Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais. Os modelos adotados são lineares, hiperbólicos e sigmóides com variáveis independentes sendo a densidade e a biomassa de plantas daninhas. A escolha de modelos para os dados utilizados é feita com base na análise estatística de resíduos e na significância dos parâmetros. Em adição, diferentes análises de indicativos de perda de rendimento e associações entre densidade e biomassa, cobertura foliar e produção de sementes, densidade e produção de sementes e, biomassa e produção de sementes foram realizadas. Resultados obtidos com o aplicativo estatístico R para a cultivar de milho infestada por dezoito espécies daninhas são apresentados.<br>The goal of this work is to present a review on the existing mathematical models used to describe the yield loss considering both their mathematical fit and their biological meaning as well as to adjust a model to the yield loss obtained with a corn cultivar BRS1030 grown in an experimental farm of the Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), located in Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The considered models are the linear, hyperbolic and sigmoid models with weed density and biomass as the independent variables. The choice of the model for the obtained data is accomplished by the statistical analysis of the errors and significance of the parameters. In addiction, analysis of the indicatives of yield loss and associations between weed density and biomass, weed coverage and weed seeds production, density and production of weed seeds and, biomass and production of weed seeds are performed. Results of a corn cultivar infested by eighteen weed species obtained with the statistical software R are presented.
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Sampaio, Rafael Coronel Bueno. "Novel morphologies on flying robots: design for field application." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18149/tde-21072016-223549/.
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Energetic limitations in low scale Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) sometimes turns outdoor field applications impractical, which restricts the realization of several tasks that could potentially be improved or benefited from its sounding characteristics. Depending on the mission, Mini Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) energetic resources may be mostly wasted during the round trip from launching base and target point around which a given mission must be accomplished. In this sense, the initial deployment problem becomes prominent, raising new opportunities on how aerial robots may be launched/deployed. This work presents a novel perspective in morphological adaptations for aerial robotics that may potentially minimize initial deployment problem issues. From that perspective, we present three novel morphologies. First refers to a hybrid fixed-wing/quadrotor aiming in-flight launching possibilities. Still looking at in-flight launching, second MAV regards to a new morphology for a quadrotor whose center of gravity is shifted in order to improve passive static stability. Third one relates to a hybrid MAV that combines a watercraft and a quadrotor. The aircraft may navigate on water with low energetic cost through a specially designed structure. It also presents static stability in air and over the ground. We present all details concerning new concepts, development, analysis, design and flight simulation for all three novel platforms. A concise and robust validation of stability control is firstly performed with the ©VICON vision system. Finally, on-the-field evaluation for all three morphologies are extensively carried out, presenting optimistic experimental results of our findings.<br>As limitações energéticas em robótica aérea de campo muitas vezes levam à sua não utilização em tarefas que poderiam se beneficiar substancialmente de suas inúmeras vantagens. Dependendo da complexidade da missão, os recursos energéticos podem ser despendidos prematuramente ainda durante o traslado ao ponto de interesse. Nesse contexto, se evidencia o problema do lançamento inicial de robôs, o que faz surgir novas possibilidades para o desenvolvimento de novas maneiras de lançá-los. Este trabalho propõe uma nova perspectiva para adaptações morfológicas para robótica aérea as quais podem significativamente minimizar os efeitos das limitações energéticas. Sob essa ótica, são propostas três novas morfologias. A primeira consiste de um robô aéreo híbrido asa fixa/quadrotor visando a possibilidade do lançamento em voo. A segunda consiste de uma aeronave de asa rotativa na configuração quadrotora morfologicamente adaptada para reposicionamento do seu centro de gravidade. O aumento da estabilidade estática passiva da aeronave também visa o seu lançamento durante o voo. A terceira se refere a um veículo aéreo híbrido que combina uma estrutura naval e um quadrotor, capaz de navegar em cenários aquáticos com baixo custo energético. O desenho mecânico resultante permite sua operação no ponto ótimo tanto para a navegação aérea quanto aquática, oferecendo estabilidade estática em todos os cenários (terra, ar e água). São apresentados todos os detalhes de conceito, concepção, análise, projeto e simulação em voo das três novas plataformas. Uma validação robusta dos sistemas de controle e estabilidade é realizada por sistema de visão ©VICON. Por fim, ensaios em campo são realizados, apresentando resultados experimentais otimistas para a aplicação das três novas morfologias.
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Varavallo, Rogério. "Avaliação da resistência à fadiga em alta temperatura da superliga MAR-M247(Nb)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18150/tde-17072012-111457/.
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Este projeto faz parte de uma Rede Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Superligas no Brasil (Projeto Pró-Engenharias - CAPES), que tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento técnico e científico do Brasil nesta classe de materiais. A rede é composta por especialistas de estabelecida competência em assuntos fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de materiais estruturais, tais como: fusão em vácuo, solidificação direcional, relações orientação-propriedade, tratamentos térmicos, fluência, fadiga em alta temperatura, oxidação e corrosão a quente. Assim, na parte que compete a este pesquisador, foram estudadas as propriedades de fadiga em altas temperaturas da liga MAR-M247 e de uma nova liga, a liga MAR-M247 modificada pela substituição do Ta pelo Nb, e sendo doravante denominada MAR-M247(Nb). Foram desenvolvidos estudos correlacionando parâmetros intrínsecos do material, como composição química e microestrutura adicionalmente a parâmetros extrínsecos, tais como: temperatura, estudo de oxidação, propriedades de fadiga, ensaios de tração em temperatura ambiente, 250, 500, 700, 800, 900 e 1000ºC, conforme as normas AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM) E 8M-00 e ASTM E 21-00. Em relação aos ensaios de fadiga foram realizados ensaios de nucleação de trincas , conforme a norma ASTM E466-07 e os resultados foram apresentados na forma de curvas S-N e analisados estatisticamente segunda a norma ASTM E739-10. Para auxiliar na definição dos micromecanismos de fadiga, as superfícies de fratura foram analisadas utilizando o microscópio eletrônico de varredura (MEV) e microscópio ótico estereoscópico (MO). Foi realizado ensaio de oxidação para verificar a susceptibilidade a oxidação das ligas, sendo este um dos fatores que afetam a vida em fadiga em alta temperatura.<br>This project is part of an interdisciplinary network of Research in Super League in Brazil (Project Pro-Engineering - CAPES), which aims to technical and scientific development of Brazil in this class of materials. The network is composed of experts of established competence in matters fundamental to the development of structural materials, such as: vacuum melting, directional solidification, relationships property-oriented, heat treatment, creep, fatigue in high temperature oxidation and hot corrosion. Thus, at the racing this researcher, were studied the fatigue properties at high temperatures MAR-M247 alloy and a new league, which in reality is the MAR-M247 alloy modified by replacing the Ta by Nb, and being hereinafter referred to as MAR-M247 (Nb). Were designed studies correlating parameters intrinsic material, such as chemical composition and microstructure, with extrinsic parameters such as: temperature and type of loading, with the properties fatigue. Thus, tensile tests at room temperature environment, 250, 500, 700 and 900ºC, and tests for compression at temperatures of 700 and 900ºC were performed to determine the elastic behavior and elastoplastic material, according to the ASTM E-8M 00, ASTM E 21-00 and ASTM E209-00. Were also conducted testing of fatigue crack nucleation, as ASTM E466-07. The results were presented at form of SN curves and statistically analyzed the second ASTM E739-10. To assist in the definition of micromechanics of fatigue, the fracture surfaces were examined in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and stereoscopic optical microscope (OM). Was oxidation test performed to check susceptibility to oxidation of the alloy, which is the factor affecting the fatigue life.
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El-Moawen, Ahmed Verfasser], and Max [Akademischer Betreuer] [Heiland. "From bench to application : Current practices in tissue engineering and its realisation at maxillofacial units in Germany, Austria and Switzerland / Ahmed El-Moawen. Betreuer: Max Heiland." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-78255.
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Bonifácio, Tatiana Giorgenon. "Implementação de um protocolo mesh multi-hop baseado em algoritmo de roteamento geográfico para redes de sensores sem fio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18153/tde-04032011-150720/.
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As tecnologias de redes sem fio passaram a atender não só às aplicações corporativas mais sofisticadas como também àquelas envolvendo desde o rastreamento de animais, monitoramento de estruturas e automação industrial até o gerenciamento de utilidades urbanas. Este projeto de pesquisa aborda o desenvolvimento de um protocolo de rede mesh multi-hop segundo a especificação IEEE 802.15.4, com o uso de coordenadas geográficas de cada nó para o roteamento de dados em aplicações de iluminação pública. Para o desenvolvimento do protocolo de rede, é considerada a biblioteca de rotinas de interface de rede denominada Simple MAC (SMAC). Tal biblioteca pode ser utilizada para a elaboração do protocolo de roteamento geográfico destinado à rede mesh multi-hop. Paralelamente, propõe-se a descrição de um método a ser adotado para a inserção do protocolo de roteamento geográfico no SMAC. Os códigos, desenvolvidos em linguagem de programação C, são portados para a plataforma de desenvolvimento dos nós de comunicação de um toolkit específico e submetidos a ensaios experimentais. Os resultados englobam a geração de conhecimento teórico e prático a respeito das redes de sensores sem fio, bem como o desenvolvimento de um software aberto para este tipo de rede. As propriedades de auto-organização da rede, robustez e baixa latência são comprovadas nos ensaios experimentais.<br>The technologies of wireless networks have to serve not only the most sophisticated business applications but also those that involve the tracking of animals, monitoring of structures, industrial automation and the management of urban utilities. This research project addresses the development of a protocol for multi-hop mesh network according to IEEE 802.15.4, with the use of geographical coordinates of each node for routing data in applications such as street lighting. In order to develop the network protocol, the routines library of the network interface, called Simple MAC (SMAC), is considered. This library can be used for establishing the geographic routing protocol destined for the multi-hop mesh network. In parallel it is proposed to describe a method to be adopted for the inclusion of geographic routing protocol in SMAC. The codes, developed in C programming language, are ported to the development platform of communication nodes of a specific toolkit and subjected to experimental tests. The results include the generation of theoretical and practical knowledge regarding the wireless sensor networks, as well as the development of open software for this type of network. The properties of self-organization of the network, robustness and low latency are proven in experimental tests.
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Nyman, Frida. "Uppfattningar om hälsosam mat och attityder till Livsmedelsverkets kostråd hos unga kvinnor och män i åldern 18 till 30 år." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-385907.
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Bakgrund: Enligt Världshälsoorganisationen (WHO) utgör ohälsosamma matvanor den största risken för ohälsa i Europa. Sveriges regering belyser även ohälsosamma matvanor som den största risken till för tidig död. Svenskarnas intag av hälsosam mat har visat sig vara bristfälligt. Den målgrupp som har sämst matvanor är unga vuxna kvinnor och män. Tidigare studier har även visat på att de kostråd Livsmedelsverket förmedlar inte alltid anses trovärdiga. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka uppfattningar om hälsosam mat och attityder till Livsmedelsverkets kostråd hos unga kvinnor och män i åldern 18 till 30 år. Metod: Denna studie genomfördes med en beskrivande kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer som datainsamlingsmetod. Urvalet skedde genom ett ändamålsenligt urval. Totalt rekryterades tio deltagare, sex kvinnor och fyra män. Samtliga deltagare medverkade frivilligt i studien. Den analysmetod som tillämpades var kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet visade på att samtliga deltagare ansåg frukt, bär och grönsaker som hälsosamt. Uppfattningar gällande vad som är hälsosam mat utöver detta överensstämde inte fullt ut med de kostråd Livsmedelsverket förmedlar, då olika åsikter om fett, mejeriprodukter, fisk och skaldjur samt rött kött och charkprodukter framkom. Attityden till en del av Livsmedelsverkets kostråd visade sig i denna studie vara negativ bland flera av deltagarna. Detta gällde främst råden angående fett, mejeriprodukter och proteinkällor. Slutsats: Att arbeta aktivt för att skapa en mer enhetlig bild av innebörden av hälsosam mat kan därför vara av vikt. Genom informationsförmedling från en och samma vetenskapligt grundad källa kan matvanorna hos befolkningen förbättras. Detta kan även medföra att en mer positiv attityd till de fullständiga kostråden ökar.<br>Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), unhealthy eating habits represent the primary cause of illness in Europe. The Swedish Government also highlights unhealthy eating habits as the primary cause of premature death. Swedes´ consumption of healthy food has further proved to be insufficient from a health perspective. Young women and men have generally the poorest eating habits. Previous studies have shown that the dietary recommendations provided by the National Food Agency are in addition not always considered credible. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate perceptions of healthy food and attitudes towards the National Food Agency's dietary guidelines amongst women and men aged 18 to 30 years. Method: The study was conducted with a descriptive qualitative method with semi-structured interviews as data collection method. Selection was made through a targeted selection. In total, ten participants were recruited, six women and four men. They all participated on a voluntary basis. The analytical method applied was qualitative manifest content analysis. Results: All participants considered fruit, berries and vegetables to be healthy food. Perceptions of the participants regarding what constitutes healthy food in addition to this proved to be partly out of line with the recommendations of the National Food Agency. Different opinions about fat, dairy products, fish and shellfish as well as red meat and char products emerged. The attitude towards some of the National Food Agency's dietary guidelines turned out to be negative among several of the participants. This mainly concerned the advice on fat, dairy products and protein sources. Conclusion: Working actively to create a more unified and correct view of what constitutes healthy food is therefore important. By providing information from one and the same scientifically based source, knowledge and as a result eating habits of the population can be improved. This can also generate a more positive attitude towards the complete dietary guidelines.
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Gansel, Max Valentin Verfasser], and Eike Sebastian [Akademischer Betreuer] [Debus. "Untersuchungen zur Assoziation zwischen ausgewählten malignen Tumorerkrankungen und peripherer arterieller Verschlusskrankheit (PAVK) in Deutschland anhand von Routinedaten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung BARMER / Max Valentin Gansel ; Betreuer: Eike Sebastian Debus." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-105829.
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Kadlec, Lauriane. "Le droit d'enregistrement et le parlement de Paris sous Louis XIII : une étude d'Histoire du droit public (1614-18 mai 1643)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010592.
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Le droit d’enregistrement désigne le mécanisme institutionnel d’Ancien Régime selon lequel aucunes lettres patentes – ordonnances, édits et déclarations – n’étaient exécutoires tant qu’elles n’avaient pas été enregistrées par une cour souveraine. D’où l’impression d’un «contrôle» exercé par ces cours sur les décisions royales. Cette règle est considérée comme l’un des fondements du droit public français à l’époque moderne. Or, la présence de lettres patentes enregistrées par des chambres de justice ou en Grande Chancellerie sous Louis XIII, plus particulièrement après 1630 et l’accession de Richelieu au ministériat, permet de réexaminer cette théorie. Dans les faits, le droit d’enregistrement échappait en partie aux cours souveraines et surtout à la première d’entre elle : le parlement de Paris. Le droit d’enregistrement devenait dès lors un instrument bien plus efficace qu’un lit de justice qui permettait à la monarchie de contourner l’intervention des magistrats souvent jugée longue et fastidieuse<br>The Registration Right refers to the institutional mechanism of Ancien Régime according to which no letters of patent – ordinance, edit or decree – were enforceable until a Sovereign Court registered it. So it leads to an impression of control over the Royal decisions by the Courts, a rule being one the foundation stones of modern French public law. Although the presence of lettres of patent registered by judicial commissaires or by the « Grande Chancellerie » under Louis XIII, especially after 1630 and Richelieu’s accession to the Ministry, allows the re-examination this theory. In fact, the Registration Right escaped sometimes the Sovereign Courts and became an instrument – far more useful than a «lit de justice» - which permitted the Monarchy to bypass the magistrates whose action where often judged slow and fastidious
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Galdames, Jorge Pablo Moraga. "Sistema de localização para AGVs em ambientes semelhantes a armazéns inteligentes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18149/tde-29092014-104604/.
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A demanda por mais flexibilidade nas fábricas e serviços originou um aumento no volume de operações internas de carga e descarga, devido à maior diversidade dos elementos transportados. Logo, na busca por um fluxo de materiais mais eficiente, as empresas passaram a investir em soluções tecnológicas, entre elas, o uso de Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs), por conta do custo mais atrativo e do avanço em relação aos primeiros AGVs, que até então dependiam de uma infraestrutura adicional para suportar a navegação. Muitos AGVs modernos possuem movimentação livre e são orientados por sistemas que utilizam sensores para interpretar o ambiente, sendo assim, tornar os AGVs autônomos despertou o interesse de pesquisadores na área de robótica móvel para o desenvolvimento de sistemas capazes de auxiliar e coordenar a navegação. Novas técnicas de localização, tal como a localização baseada em marcadores reflexivos, e a construção de armazéns com layouts estruturados para a navegação viabilizaram o uso de AGVs autônomos, entretanto sua utilização em armazéns existentes ainda é um desafio. Neste contexto, o Laboratório de Robótica Móvel (LabRom) do Grupo de Mecatrônica da EESC/USP, através do projeto do Armazém Inteligente, tem pesquisado os problemas de: roteamento, gerenciamento das baterias, navegação e auto-localização. Robôs autônomos precisam de um sistema de auto-localização eficiente e preciso para navegar com segurança, o qual depende de um mapa e da interpretação do ambiente utilizando sensores embarcados. Para alcançar esse objetivo este trabalho propõe um Sistema de Auto-localização baseado no Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) como solução. O sistema, desenvolvido em linguagem C, interage com outros dois sistemas: roteamento e navegação e foi implementado em um armazém simulado utilizando o software Player/Stage, mostrando ser confiável no fornecimento de uma estimativa de localização baseada em odometria e landmarks com localização conhecida. O sistema foi novamente testado utilizando a odometria de um robô móvel Pioneer P3-AT e os valores de um sensor de medição laser 2D SICK LMS200 extraídos de um ambiente indoor real. Para este teste foi construído um feature-based map a partir de um desenho de planta baixa no formato CAD e utilizou-se o algoritmo de segmentação Iterative End-Point Fit (IEPF) para interpretar o ambiente. Os resultados mostraram que as vantagens oferecidas pelas características padronizadas de um ambiente indoor, semelhante a um armazém, podem viabilizar o uso do Sistema de Auto-localização em armazéns existentes.<br>The demand for more flexibility in factories and services led to an increase in the volume of internal operations of loading and unloading, due to the greater diversity of elements transported. Hence, in the search for a more efficient materials flow, companies went to invest in technology solutions, among them, the use of Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs), on account of the more attractive cost and improvement over the first AGVs, which hitherto depended of an additional infrastructure to support navigation. Many modern AGVs have free movement and are guided by systems that use sensors to interpret the environment, thus make AGVs autonomous aroused the interest of researchers in the mobile robotics field to development of systems able to assist and coordinate the navigation. New localization techniques, such as localization based on reflective markers, and the construction of warehouses with structured layouts for navigation did feasible the use of autonomous AGVs, however its use in existing warehouses is still a challenge. In this context, the Mobile Robotics Lab (LabRom) of the Mechatronics Group of EESC/USP, through the Intelligent Warehouse Project, has researched the problems: routing, battery management, navigation and self-localization. Autonomous robots need an efficient and accurate self-localization system to safely navigate, which depends on one map and of the interpretation of the environment using embedded sensors. To achieve this goal, this work proposes a Self-Localization System based on the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) as a solution. The system, developed in C language, interacts with two other systems: routing and navigation and was implemented in a simulated warehouse using the Player/Stage software, showing to be reliable in providing an estimative of localization based on odometry and landmarks with known localization. The system was again tested using the odometry of mobile robot Pioneer P3-AT and the values of a 2D Laser Rangefinder SICK LMS200 extracted from a real indoor environment. For this test was built a feature-based map from a floor plan design in CAD format and was used the segmentation algorithm Iterative End-Point Fit (IEPF) to interpret the environment. The results showed that the advantages offered by the standard features of indoor environment, like a warehouse, can enable the use of the Self-Localization System on the existing warehouses.
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Cerri, João Paulo. "Regulador robusto recursivo para sistemas lineares de tempo discreto no espaço de estado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18153/tde-02072009-141628/.
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Esta dissertação de mestrado aborda o problema de regulação robusta recursiva para sistemas lineares discretos sujeitos a incertezas paramétricas. Um novo funcional quadrático, baseado na combinação de função penalidade e função custo do tipo jogos, é projetado para lidar com este problema. Uma característica interessante desta abordagem é que a recursividade pode ser realizada sem a necessidade do ajuste de parâmetros auxiliares. Bastante útil para aplicações online. A solução proposta é baseada numa equação recursiva de Riccati. Também, a convergência e a estabilidade do regulador para o sistema linear incerto invariante no tempo são garantidas.<br>This dissertation deals with robust recursive regulators for discrete-time systems subject to parametric uncertainties. A new quadratic functional based on the combination of penalty functions and game theory is proposed to solve this class of problems. An important issue of this approach is that the recursiveness can be performed without the need of adjusting auxiliary parameters. It is useful for online applications. The solution proposed is based on Riccati equation which guarantees the convergence and stability of the time-invariant system.
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Fujita, Alessandra Keiko Lima. "Avaliação do efeito fotodinâmico a partir da associação dos precursores da PPIX (ALA e MAL) em epitélio suíno." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18158/tde-03102016-160420/.
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A terapia fotodinâmica (TFD) utilizando ácido 5-aminolevulinico (ALA) e derivados em aplicação tópica e, como precursor da protoporfirina IX (PPIX) apresenta alguns limitantes relativos a baixa permeação das substâncias na pele. Comportamento este que afeta a produção e homogeneidade da distribuição da PPIX na superfície e camadas mais profundas da pele. Para resolver essa limitação muitos autores propõem alternativas modificando a molécula do ALA e derivados, bem como modificando as propriedades químicas da fase externa da emulsão (mais hidrofílica ou hidrofóbica) ou então o sistema de entrega para a emulsão. O objetivo desse estudo é avaliar qual a proporção de ALA e metil-5-aminolevulinato (MAL) que quando misturados levam ao aumento da quantidade e uniformidade da formação da PPIX na superfície e em profundidade na pele. Para esse estudo foi realizada análises de fluorescência e histologia. O estudo foi conduzido in vivo e ex vivo usando biópsias de pele de porco cultivadas in vitro. A produção de PPIX foi monitorada utilizando espectroscopia de fluorescência, imagem de fluorescência de campo amplo e microscopia confocal de fluorescência. E para a aplicação da TFD os parâmetros usados foram de 125 mW/cm2 de intensidade e 150 J/cm2 de dose. A análise do dano causado pela irradiação foi realizada por meio de histologia da pele após 24 e 48 horas da aplicação da TFD. O ALA e MAL na concentração de 20% foram misturados nas seguintes proporções: ALA ou M, M2 (80% ALA - 20% MAL), M3 (60% ALA 40% MAL), M4 (50% ALA MAL), M5 (40% ALA 60% MAL), M6 (20% ALA 80% MAL) e MAL como M7. As diferentes proporções foram incorporadas em emulsões óleo em água (O/A) e água em óleo (A/O). De acordo com os resultados, as misturas M3, M4 e M5 mostraram maior produção de PPIX na superfície da pele segundo as medidas de fluorescência em 3h de incubação e, no estudo da cinética mostraram produzir PPIX em menor tempo. No estudo de permeação do creme in vitro em pele ex vivo, por microscopia confocal de fluorescência, observou-se que as misturas M3, M4 e M5 produziram mais PPIX nas camadas da pele do que ALA e MAL. As análises histológicas das misturas apresentaram maior dano fotodinâmico na superfície e profundidade das camadas da pele após a TFD, independente da emulsão. A análise em até 48h observou-se predominantemente a fase do processo de reparo referente à fase inflamatória, mas existem indícios ao longo das análises tanto macroscópicas e histológicas que o processo de reparo referente as fases subsequentes de proliferação e remodelamento estão iniciando-se em paralelo. A mistura M4 em ambas as emulsões apresentou elevada quantidade de formação de PPIX em menor tempo de incubação. M4 em emulsão O/A apresentou menor dano fotodinâmico já que a evolução do processo reparo foi mais rápida sugerindo-se potencial de aplicação em TFD voltado para área cosmética-estética. Já M4 em emulsão A/O levou a um maior dano fotodinâmico já que a evolução do processo de reparo foi mais lenta sugerindo-se potencial de aplicação em TFD voltado para área oncológica e de doenças de pele. De modo geral o estudo proposto apresentou impacto positivo para a otimização da terapia fotodinâmica em aplicação tópica.<br>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives on topical application and as a precursor of protoporphyrin (PPIX) has some limitations for low permeation of substances into the skin. This behavior affects PPIX production and homogeneous distribution on the surface and deeper layers of the skin. To resolve this limitation, many authors propose alternatives such as modifying the molecule of ALA and its derivatives, as well as changing the chemical properties of the external phase of the emulsion (more hydrophilic or hydrophobic) or the delivery system to the emulsion. The aim of this study is to assess the proportion of ALA and methyl-5-aminolevulinate (MAL) that when mixed leads to an increase in the amount and uniformity of the PPIX formation on surface and deep skin. For this study we performed fluorescence analysis and histology. The studies were conducted in vivo and also using pig skin biopsies (ex vivo) cultured in vitro. The PPIX production was monitored using fluorescence spectroscopy, widefield fluorescence imaging, and fluorescence confocal microscopy. For the application of PDT an intensity of 125 mW/cm2 and a dose 150 J/cm2 were used. Analysis of the damage caused by irradiation was performed through skin histology after 24 and 48 hours after PDT application. ALA and MAL in concentration of 20% were mixed in the following proportions: ALA or M, M2 (80% ALA - 20% MAL), M3 (60% ALA - 40% MAL), M4 (50% ALA - MAL) M5 (40% ALA - 60% MAL), M6 (20% ALA - 80% MAL) MAL and as M7. Different proportions were incorporated in oil-in-water emulsions (O/W) and water-in-oil (W/O). The fluorescence measurements for 3h of incubation showed better PPIX production in the skin surface for mixtures M3, M4 and M5. Moreover, the kinetics study showed PPIX production in less time for these mixtures. In the study of cream permeation of ex vivo skin in vitro by confocal fluorescence microscopy, we observed that the mixtures M3, M4 and M5 produced more PPIX in the skin layers than ALA and MAL. The histological analyses of the mixtures showed higher photodynamic damage on the surface and deeper layers of the skin after PDT, independent of the emulsion. The analysis in 48 hours predominantly observed the phase of the healing process regarding the inflammatory phase but there are signs along both macroscopic and histological analysis that the healing process concerning the subsequent stages of proliferation and remodeling are initiating in parallel. The mixture M4 in both emulsions had high amounts of PPIX formation in shorter incubation time. M4 emulsion O/A showed a lower photodynamic damage since the evolution of the healing process was faster suggesting to potential application in PDT facing cosmetic-aesthetic area. M4 already in W/O emulsion led to a greater photodynamic damage since the evolution of the healing process was slower suggesting to potential application in PDT facing oncology and skin diseases. Overall the proposed study had a positive impact on the optimization of photodynamic therapy for topical application.
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Johansson, Linda, and Petra Wallin. "”Förhoppningsvis är man två” : En studie över hur 18-åringar i en mindre stad i Sverige resonerar kring kön, kropp och sexualitet." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Gender, Culture and History, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-3647.
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<p>The essay is about how teenagers around 18 years of age in a small town in Sweden talk about gender, body and sexuality. The study is based on two focus group interviews with five boys and four girls. We have then thematized and analyzed the material with queer theory.The results show how young people see heterosexuality as something 'natural' and gender as biologically determined. The teenagers are critical towards anything that deviates from the traditional nuclear family consisting of mother, father and children. Norms are created in their speech as some of them acts as so called "border guards" for these norms. Our conclusion is that there are difficulties to be deviate in terms of gender, sexuality and body in a small town.</p>
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Johansson, Blomberg Anna. "Hur kan man vara en efterföljare till Kristus i ett polyteistiskt samhälle (1 Petr. 2:18-3:6)? : Om slavars och hustrurs underordningsproblematik." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-219942.
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This essay examines how the author of 1 Peter exhorted Christ-believing slaves and wives in 1 Pet 2:18-3:6, a passage that invites questions about submission, questions that, in contemporary contexts, are oftentimes controversial. The essay also calls attention to the advantages and the complexities of understanding 2:18-3:6 relative to ancient Roman familial and hierarchical structures. A close exegetical analysis of the passage points out a variety of scholarly viewpoints on ”Peter’s” admonitions to slaves and wives. Following the exegetical analysis, attention is given to feminist hermeneutics and to potential uses of this biblical text in contemporary contexts. An overarching question is whether, and how, the text could be applied to a contemporary context without contributing to oppression in our time. A central argument is that the ”household codes” in 2:18-3:6 are unusual in that they pertain to believers’ behavior not only within the Christian community but also among nonbelievers.
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Junior, Renato Ferreira Fernandes. "Protocolo assíncrono de acesso ao meio iniciado pelo receptor para redes de sensores sem fio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18153/tde-13122018-161212/.
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A internet das coisas é considerada um novo sistema de comunicação que promete otimizar e melhorar diferentes áreas de aplicação com base em módulos sensores e objetos unicamente interligados através da internet. Em aplicações de redes de sensores sem fio em larga escala, as redes possuem características peculiares, como grande quantidade de módulos sensores de baixa potência, consumo limitado e perdas de comunicação intermitentes. Estas redes precisam operar com protocolos escaláveis e eficientes em termos de consumo de energia. Desta forma, esta tese propõe um protocolo multicanal assíncrono iniciado pelo receptor de acesso ao meio para redes de sensores sem fio de baixa potência para aplicações de internet das coisas. Através de uma comparação com soluções já existentes, o protocolo apresentado procura mitigar a colisão de mensagens e as perdas de energia com ociosidade na espera pela comunicação de um transmissor, através de um mecanismo de reconhecimento inicial eficiente. Adicionalmente, é proposto um diagnóstico efetivo de detecção de falha na comunicação ainda no ciclo de comunicação, de forma a auxiliar a economia de energia. Complementarmente, é proposto um mecanismo multicanal baseado no conhecimento do canal da vizinhança, além de serviços de inicialização e manutenção da rede. Para validação da proposta, o protocolo proposto foi comparado tanto com protocolos assíncronos multicanais iniciado pelo receptor quanto com protocolo síncrono relevantes na literatura científica. Os critérios de avaliação utilizados foram medição do consumo, latência e taxa de entrega da rede em diferentes cenários. Os resultados mostraram que o protocolo proposto minimiza o consumo de energia em relação aos protocolos assíncronos, além de melhorar a comunicação quando comparado aos protocolos analisados. Na comparação com o protocolo síncrono, demonstrou desempenho e consumo compatíveis, quando em período de trabalho menor, e consumo reduzido com períodos de trabalho maiores.<br>The Internet of Things is considered a new communication system that promises to optimize and improve different application areas. It is based on sensor modules and intelligent objects only interconnected through the internet. In large-scale wireless sensor network applications, networks have own specific characteristics such as many low-power, limited-power sensor modules with intermittent communication losses. These networks need to operate with scalable, energy-efficient protocols. Thus, this thesis proposes an asynchronous multichannel receiver-initiated MAC protocol for low power wireless sensor networks and internet of things applications. Through a comparison with already existing solutions, the proposed protocol tries to mitigate message containment and the effect of idle listening through an efficient initial recognition mechanism. It is also proposed an effective diagnosis of communication failure detection in the communication cycle, which also helps to save energy. In addition, a multichannel mechanism is proposed based on the knowledge of the neighborhood channel in addition to services of initialization and maintenance of the network. To validate the proposed protocol, evaluations were made for the consumption of each node sensor, the network traffic for each link, the latency and the network delivery rate in a web application. Tests were performed using asynchronous multichannel receiver-initiated and synchronous protocols based on literature scientific. The results show that the proposed protocol minimizes the energy consumption in relation to the asynchronous protocols, besides improving the communication when compared to the analyzed protocols. In the comparison with the synchronous protocol the proposed protocol showed performance and consumption compatible, when in a smaller duty cycles, and reduced consumption with longer duty cycles.
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Terence, Ana Cláudia Fernandes. "Processo de criação de estratégias em pequenas empresas: elaboração de um mapa estratégico para empresas de base tecnológica do pólo de São Carlos/SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18140/tde-19112008-080932/.
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O objetivo da pesquisa é elaborar um mapa estratégico que permita compreender o processo de criação de estratégias nas pequenas empresas de base tecnológica, a partir da identificação, descrição e sistematização dos inter-relacionamentos de variáveis que o influenciam. Aborda-se a criação de estratégias deliberadas e emergentes em um processo único, considerando as especificidades do dirigente-estrategista, do contexto das empresas de base tecnológica e da organização das empresas de pequeno porte. Como procedimento metodológico, optou-se pelo desenvolvimento da pesquisa em duas fases: a primeira, classificada como survey, realizada em trinta e três (33) empresas, com o objetivo de identificar as características gerais do processo de criação de estratégias, e a segunda, um estudo de caso, realizada para descrever e analisar os elementos específicos e formadores do processo de criação de estratégias em três (03) empresas localizadas no pólo de São Carlos/SP. O mapa estratégico destaca os seguintes aspectos: como elementos estruturais, a percepção estratégica, os processos deliberado e emergente, as fases evolutivas, as especificidades de gestão, as condições externas e internas, a formação contínua e a criação quântica da estratégia; como forças de configuração, o posicionamento na representação, a rotação das especificidades, a dinâmica das variáveis, o inter-relacionamento dos processos e a ocorrência de eventos marcantes. A partir da percepção do dirigente, o processo se desenvolve em fases nas quais a influência das especificidades de gestão da pequena empresa manifesta-se em diferentes intensidades, contemplando características emergentes e deliberadas em um processo evolucionário. O mapa estratégico possui a orientação como caráter peculiar e deve ser entendido como uma representação que se aproxima da realidade de um grupo de empresas, não sendo mais abrangente ou complexo que esta.<br>The purpose of this research is to elaborate a strategic map that allows the understanding of the strategic process in small technology-based companies, through the systemization, description and identification of the inter-relationships between the variables that influence the process. The creation of deliberate and emerging strategies is approached as an unique process, considering the specificities of the manager, the context of the technology-based companies as well as the organization of a small business. As a methodological procedure, the research was developed in two phases: the first, classified as survey, was accomplished in thirty three (33) companies to identify the general characteristics of the process of strategies, and the second, a case study was accomplished to describe and analyze the specific elements which driven the process of strategies in three (03) companies from the São Carlos technopolis, Brazil. The strategic map emphasizes the following aspects: as structural elements, the strategic perception, the deliberated and emerging processes, the evolutionary phases, the management specificities, the external and internal conditions, the continuous formation and the quantum creation of the strategy; as configuration forces, the positioning in the representation, the rotation of the specificities, the dynamics of the variables, the interrelationship of the processes and the occurrence of outstanding events. According the manager strategic perception, the process grows in phases where the influence of specificities of the small companies management are shown in different intensities, contemplating emerging and deliberate characteristics in a evolutionary process. The strategic map possesses the orientation as its peculiar character and should be understood as a representation that is closer to the reality of a group of companies, without being more or comprehensive complex than this own reality.
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Sánchez, Jesús Antonio García. "Uma formulação em elementos finitos para a análise dinâmica e estática não linear de risers incluindo o contato com o leito do mar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-27052015-144345/.
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Aplica-se uma formulação Lagrangeana total do Método dos elementos Finitos (MEF) baseada em posições para obter a resposta dinâmica não linear de risers bidimensionais em contato com o leito do mar. Os elementos finitos adaptados e aplicados nas soluções são de barras curvas de pórtico com cinemática de Reissner. Os risers são estruturas cilíndricas e esbeltas utilizadas na indústria offshore para transportar desde o fundo do mar até a plataforma gases, óleos, minerais ou lodo, entre outros produtos. Na modelagem dessas estruturas, destacam-se três problemas de imediato, são eles: a determinação da catenária inicial da tubulação, o comportamento estrutural após a aplicação de deslocamentos severos no topo do riser quando ancorado à plataforma ou embarcação flutuante e o contato do riser com o leito do mar. Estes problemas resultam ou são agravados pela forte instabilidade presente nessas estruturas em razão da grande relação entre a extensão dos dutos e sua rigidez transversal. Para obter a configuração inicial, três técnicas de penalização foram desenvolvidas e comparadas. A primeira utiliza a redução progressiva da rigidez da seção transversal do riser, a segunda aplica a penalização direta nos deslocamentos nodais do riser e a terceira emprega uma solução dinâmica amortecida com redução progressiva da massa e do amortecimento. As técnicas são comparadas entre si e com resultados das bibliografias. A metodologia desenvolvida para a aplicação de deslocamentos severos no topo do riser é fundamentada na suavização da posição tentativa, através de fórmula empírica baseada na remodelagem de malhas da mecânica dos fluidos. Discretiza-se o solo com molas distribuídas, de comportamento linear e não linear físico, cuja influência nodal é desenvolvida consistentemente. De forma geral a introdução dessas molas é feita através da técnica da penalização da energia potencial total. Descreve-se o comportamento não linear, comumente utilizado para solos coesivos argilosos, com um modelo P-y que considera a penetração inicial, a elevação, assim como a repenetração e alguns ciclos de carregamento e descarregamento delimitados pelas curvas das cargas extremas. Uma técnica de moderação das penalidades é utilizada para auxiliar no problema de contato entre o solo e o riser. Além desses aspectos específicos do trabalho, implementaram-se na formulação do MEF as ações decorrentes de carregamentos de flutuação, peso próprio, forças das correntes do mar e condições de contorno (forças e deslocamentos) devidas às ondas do mar. Realiza-se a integração temporal pelo método clássico de Newmark. A formulação desenvolvida junto com as estratégias implementadas mostram-se adequadas e precisas para o tratamento de risers.<br>A total Lagrangian Finite Element Method (FEM) formulation based on positions is applied to achieve the static and dynamic responses of two dimensional risers that touch the seabed. The adapted finite elements to model risers are curved frame elements based on the Reissner kinematics. Risers are cylindrical slender structures used in the offshore industry to transport from the underground mineral resources (gas, petroleum, mud etc) to the platforms or vessels. In the analysis of this kind of structure three problems immediately arise, that are: the determination of the initial static position (catenary) of the riser, its dynamic behavior when subjected to severe loads or displacements at the top (floating platforms or vessels) and the interaction among the riser and the seabed. These problems come from or are worsened by the strong instability resulting from the large rate between the extension and the transverse dimension of the riser. In order to solve the initial position three techniques are developed and compared. The first uses a progressive reduction of the transverse stiffness of the riser, the second applies a direct penalization on the nodal displacements of the riser and the third employs a dynamic solution with mass and damping reduction. The achieved results are compared with the ones available in literature. The developed methodology to apply severe displacements at the top of risers is a smoothing procedure of the first trial position, based on a strategy of remeshing used in fluid-structure interaction analysis. The soil (seabed), with linear or non-linear behavior is represented by distributed springs and their nodal influence is consistently developed. In a general way the introduction of these springs is done penalizing the total potential energy function. The non-linear behavior, commonly used for cohesive and clayey soil, is done by a P-y model that takes into account the initial penetration, the elevation, as well as some cyclical loads established by extreme curves. A moderation technique of penalty is used to improve the convergence of the soil-structure interaction process. In addition to these specific aspects of the thesis, there are implemented actions resulting from floating, selfweight, sea streams, and waive forces. The time integration is performed by the Newmark method. Examples reveal that the developed formulation and the proposed strategies are adequate to model submersed risers in contact with the seabed.
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DI, BRITA Aldo. "Management of locally abundant wild mammals in a landscape context through Geographic Information System (GIS): experimental approaches to wild boars." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi del Molise, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11695/114867.
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La fauna selvatica, ed in particolare gli ungulati selvatici, hanno subito un forte incremento demografico in tutta Europa negli ultimi trent'anni. Il verificarsi di danni da parte degli ungulati selvatici in particolare, dei cinghiali sta causando negli ultimi decenni danni di milioni di euro a carico della collettività. Questa specie è considerata fortemente invasiva e dannosa per l'agricoltura e l'ambiente, infatti è stato inserito nella lista dei 100 “peggiori specie invasive del mondo” da gruppi di specialisti della IUCN. In Molise la presenza di questi ungulati è particolarmente elevata. Ciò è dovuto principalmente: all'abbandono delle campagne; l’avanzata del bosco; il cambiamento climatico, la notevole disponibilità di cibo; l'aumento delle aree interdette all'attività venatoria legate all'innalzamento delle aree protette (Parchi e Aree Protette, Oasi, Aree Faunistiche di Ripopolamento e Cattura, Aree di Addestramento Cani, ecc.). La notevole diffusione di questi ungulati ha determinato un aumento dei conflitti uomo-fauna selvatica. Il primo passo nelle politiche di gestione adattativa di una specie è lo studio dell’ambiente e le sue variabili, oltre alla determinazione delle stime di popolazione. Le densità ottimale dipende dalle caratteristiche socio-ambientali del territorio, dal danno registrato e dalle specifiche esigenze gestionali. È importante sottolineare che la gestione del danno non si limita solo agli aspetti quantitativi, ma anche alle diverse modalità di percezione dello stesso e allo studio delle caratteristiche qualitative ambientali in ciascun contesto. Questa ricerca si è inizialmente concentrata sullo studio della specie, ricercando in bibliografia una serie d’informazioni riguardanti la biologia, l'etologia e l'impatto che la specie provoca sui diversi contesti in cui si trova oggi, che varia dai campi coltivati, ai pascoli utilizzati per la zootecnia tradizionale, aree protette quali parchi, oasi, aree interdette alla caccia fino ad aree antropizzate e contesti urbani. Successivamente sono state valutate le potenzialità dei software GIS (Sistemi Informativo Geografici) e la loro applicazione nella gestione faunistica dei grandi mammiferi, in particolare sulle specie cinghiale. Infine, l'applicazione di queste conoscenze è stata pianificata per la creazione di modelli e mappe utili ai decisori politici e tecnici che operano nella gestione della fauna selvatica. Questo per migliorare e rendere più efficaci le azioni sul territorio per la gestione adattativa di questa specie, soprattutto in contesti che si presentano con una scarsità di risorse economiche e umane, con grande difficoltà a ripetere dati aggiornati. I risultati di questi studi sono presentati sotto forma di manoscritti inviati e pubblicati (riviste indicizzate Scopus/WOS):
• Parte I: Valutazione del rischio di danni da cinghiale (Sus scrofa) nei paesaggi italiani e relazione con l'incidenza degli incidenti stradali: il caso della Regione Molise
E' stata studiata l'analisi spaziale dell'area molisana al fine di individuare aree di controllo della specie in base alla Legge Nazionale 157/92 per la tutela delle aree agricole e antropizzate.
• Parte II: Il cinghiale nelle aree urbane e periurbane: elementi di corridoio del paesaggio in un'area urbana del Sud Italia
In questo studio sono state analizzate le variabili ambientali relative alla specie al fine di identificare gli elementi della rete ecologica legata al cinghiale nella città di Campobasso.
• Parte III: Stima della popolazione di cinghiali nell'Appennino meridionale italiano mediante tecnica Pellet Count Group. Risultati preliminari
Questo lavoro propone una stima della popolazione di cinghiale in un'area di studio situata a sud dell’Appennino Italiano, tramite il metodo del Pellet Count Groups.
• Parte IV: Comportamento al cambiamento delle condizioni delle specie selvatiche nelle aree urbane durante il blocco: una rassegna
Altri elementi di studio hanno riguardato il comportamento di alcune specie in aree urbane durante il lockdown dovuto al COVID 19.<br>Wildlife, and in particular wild ungulates, have undergone a strong demographic increase throughout Europe, especially in the last thirty years. The occurrence of damage by wild ungulates in particular, wild boar has increased dramatically in recent decades and amounts to hundreds of thousands of euros per year in several European countries. This species is considered invasive and damaging to agriculture and environment. The wild boar has been listed in the 100 “World's Worst Invaders” by the IUCN's group of invasive species specialists. In the Molise Region the presence of these ungulates is particularly high. This is mainly due to: the abandonment of the countryside; the strong reforestation habitat; the climate change and the considerable food availability; the increase of areas off-limits to hunting activity linked to the rise of protected areas (Parks and Protected Areas, Oases, Restocking and Capture wildlife Areas, Dog Training Areas, etc.). The considerable diffusion of these ungulates caused an increase of the human-wildlife conflict.The first step in the adaptive management policies of a species is the study of the environment and its variables, as well as the determination of population estimates. The optimal density depends on the socio-environmental characteristics of the territory, the damage recorded and the conservationist specific needs. It is important to underline that the management of damages is not limited only to the quantitative aspects, but also to the different ways of perception of it, and the study of the environmental qualitative characteristics of each context. This research initially focused on the study of the species, searching from the bibliography for a series of information regarding the biology, the ethology and impact that the species causes on the different contexts in which it is found today which varies from cultivated fields, pastures used for the traditional zootechnics, protected areas such as parks, oases, areas forbidden to hunting up to anthropized areas and urban contexts. Subsequently, it was evaluated the potential of the Geographic Information System (GIS) software and its application in wildlife management of large mammals, especially on wild boar species. Finally, the application of this knowledge was planned for the creation of models and maps useful for the political and technical decision-maker working in wildlife management. This is to improve and make more effective the actions on the territory for the adaptive management of this species, especially in a landscape that presents itself with a scarcity of economic and human resources, with great difficulty in repeating updated data. The results of these studies are presented in the form of submitted and published manuscripts (indexed journals Scopus/WOS:
• Part I: Assessing the risk of damages by wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Italian landscapes and relation to the incidence of road accidents: the case of Molise Region
It was studied the spatial analysis of the Molise area in order to identify areas for the control of the species and consequent containment measures based on the law 157/92 for the protection of agricultural and anthropized areas.
• Part II: Wild Boar in urban and peri-urban areas: corridor elements of the landscape in an urban area of Southern Italy
In this study, environmental variables related to the species were analysed in order to identify elements of the ecological network linked to the wild boar in the city of Campobasso.
• Part III: Estimation of the wild boar population in Southern Italian Apennines by Pellet Count Group technic. Preliminary results
This paper proposes an estimate of the wild boar population in a study area, located in the south / south-eastern part of the Italian Apennines.
• Part IV: Behaviour to changing conditions of wildlife species in urban areas during lockdown: a review
Other elements of study concerned the behaviour to changing conditions of wildlife species in urban areas during COVID 19 lockdown.
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Ranzini, Maurício. "Modelagem hidrológica de uma microbacia florestada da Serra do Mar, SP, com o modelo TOPMODEL : simulação do comportamento hidrológico em função do corte raso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-29092015-090451/.
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Utilizou-se o modelo hidrológico TOPMODEL, baseado em aspectos físicos e topográficos, em uma das três microbacias do Laboratório de Hidrologia Florestal Eng. Agr. Walter Emmerich, do Instituto Florestal/SP. O laboratório localiza-se na Serra do Mar, junto às cabeceiras do rio Paraibuna, um dos formadores do rio Paraíba do Sul. O modelo usa um índice topográfico que indica as áreas de contribuição para o deflúvio da microbacia e permite simular a vazão e analisar o comportamento hidrológico da microbacia. A primeira parte do trabalho buscou determinar os valores iniciais dos parâmetros de calibração, testar a validade das premissas do modelo, e, principalmente, compreender melhor o funcionamento hidrológico da bacia D. Os resultados indicam uma eficiência maior para as simulações de eventos isolados do que para as de períodos longos. A simulação do comportamento hidrológico em função do corte raso mostrou uma diminuição do tempo de pico e um aumento significativo do volume de vazão simulado: de 17 a 44%, em comparação a bacia D coberta com floresta. Mostram, também, que de 7 a 93% do deflúvio é gerado a partir das áreas variáveis de afluência (A.V.A.). Recomenda-se que o corte raso seja evitado a qualquer custo. Caso seja necessário, as matas ciliares devem ser mantidas; onde elas não existem mais, devem ser recuperadas imediatamente. As áreas com agricultura ou pastagem devem utilizar as melhores técnicas de conservação do solo, de forma que as condições naturais de infiltração não sejam drasticamente alteradas.<br>A physically based semi-distributed model, TOPMODEL, has been applied to one catchment in Cunha, São Paulo, Brazil. The model uses a topographic index which highlights significant hydrological areas within the catchment. The model simulate streamflow and analyse the behaviour of the catchment. The first part of this paper concerns to the first values of calibration parameters, experiments the validity of the premisses of the model, and, mainly, tries to understand how does the hydrology of D catchment works. The results are more efficient on simulation of isolate events than on events of long period. The simulation of hydrology behaviour subject to clear-cutting has showed a diminution of the time of rise and a significant increase of streamflow simulated: from 17 to 44%, in comparaison to D forest catchment. They also show that from 7 to 93% of the streamflow is generated from saturated contributing areas (sources areas). It\'s advisable to avoid clear-cutting. If necessary, the riparian zone has to be preserved; and where they have been destroyed, they have to be recovered urgently. Agricultural lands or grasslands have to use the best management practices, in order to keep the natural conditions of infiltration.
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Santos, Adriana Goulart dos. "Método para o georreferenciamento de mapas urbanos baseado na atribuição de pesos aos pontos de controle." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18143/tde-08102009-134614/.
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Para o georreferenciamento das informações extraídas dos mapas digitais são usados modelos matemáticos de transformação geométrica de coordenadas. O desempenho da transformação de coordenadas está diretamente relacionado à exatidão das coordenadas dos pontos de controle identificados no mapa, uma vez que devido ao uso da tecnologia GNSS, não existe mais a dificuldade de se medir com exatidão coordenadas de pontos no terreno. Por esta razão, é possível obter um georreferenciamento admissível se as coordenadas dos pontos de controle forem posicionadas com exatidão sobre o mapa. Entretanto, como na maioria dos municípios do Brasil, os mapas são antigos, ou seja, desatualizados, existe uma dificuldade de se localizar pontos de controle bem determinados dentre os elementos geográficos representados no mapa. Dependendo da qualidade do mapa e pelo modo como foram identificadas no mesmo, estas coordenadas podem apresentar diferentes graus de confiabilidade, em função de suas exatidões. Tal fato, se não for levado em conta, pode prejudicar o desempenho da transformação de coordenadas, e dependendo da escala do mapa, inviabilizar um projeto ou estudo que dependa de uma boa exatidão de coordenadas de pontos oriundas de um produto cartográfico georreferenciado. Para evitar que o desempenho da transformação de coordenadas comprometa a fidelidade do georreferenciamento gerado, é importante que cada coordenada receba um peso apropriado de acordo com a sua exatidão. Neste contexto, o principal objetivo desta pesquisa foi desenvolver um método, validado através de um estudo de caso, que proporcionasse em função da exatidão das coordenadas dos pontos de controle identificadas no mapa digital, um resultado de georreferenciamento admissível a partir do modelo matemático empregado para transformação de coordenadas. Para isso, foi estudado como atribuir o peso ao ponto de controle em função da sua exatidão. A partir disso, o desempenho da transformação de coordenadas usando pesos foi avaliado tanto num mapa de calibração, de boa qualidade, quanto num mapa cuja qualidade posicional era desconhecida. Em ambos os mapas foram realizadas as mais variadas avaliações. Em todas as avaliações efetuadas o desempenho da transformação de coordenadas foi melhor quando foram atribuídos pesos aos pontos de controle em função da sua exatidão. Esta pesquisa levantou uma questão até então desconsiderada, que é a importância de se atribuir pesos às coordenadas dos pontos de controle em função da sua exatidão no mapa digital. O resultado do georreferenciamento se torna admissível quando esta consideração é levada em conta.<br>The mathematical model for the geometric transformation of coordinates is used to georreference information extrated from digital maps. The performance of coordinate transformation models is directly related to accuracy of control points identified in the map, since by means of the utilization of GNSS technology, it is not difficult to measure the coordinates of a point in the ground with accuracy. For this reason, it is possible to obtain a reliable georreferencing if the coordinates of the control points are accurately positioned on a map. However, as most of brazilian municipal districts maps are old and out-of-date, it is difficult to locate a point accurately out of the geographic elements represented in the map. Depending on both the quality of the digital map and the technique used to locate the points, such coordinates may show distinct levels of reliability as a function of their accuracy. If the different accuracy of the control points is not taking into account, the performance of the coordinate transformation model can be reduced. Depending on map scale, this difference can make impracticable a study that depends on a good accuracy of the coordinates of points obtained from a georreferecend cartographic product. In order to avoid that the performance of the coordinate transformation model reduce the reliability of the georreferencing, it is important that each coordinate receives an appropriate weight according to its accuracy. In this context, the objective of this research was to develop a method, validated through a case study, that could impart reliability to georreferencing, as a function of the accuracy of the coordinates of the control points identified on a map, using a mathematical model to coordinate transformation. The key-point is to attribute a weight to each control point related to its accuracy level. The performance of this procedure was evaluated both for a high quality, standard map, and for a map with unknown quality. Different evaluations were performed and the best results were obtained using the procedure of attributing weights to the control points related its accuracy. As a contribution for the academic and technical areas, this research brought light to a question not considered until now, that is the importance of attributing weights to the coordinates of the control points as a function its accuracy in the digital map. Georreferencing becomes more reliable when this question is taken into account.
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Neves, Monique de Paula. "Análise dos processos erosivos na Bacia do Córrego do Meio - município de São Pedro (SP): estudo do desencadeamento das erosões." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-11072017-110454/.
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No âmbito da geomorfologia pressupõe-se que existe uma relação entre declividade (S) e área de contribuição (A) que condiciona o escoamento superficial necessário para ocasionar o surgimento das erosões. A relação entre estes parâmetros pode ser expressa pelo índice S = aA-b, que representa o limiar crítico de desencadeamento das erosões. Implementando este índice no SIG, pode-se elaborar produtos cartográficos com a finalidade de reproduzir espacialmente as áreas críticas sujeitas a ocorrência das erosões. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um estudo sobre o desencadeamento das erosões lineares, utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento para obtenção dos parâmetros A e S. A área em estudo compreende a Bacia do Córrego do Meio, localizada no município de São Pedro - SP, e apresenta uma área de 48,06 km². Os pontos de feições erosivas foram compilados de trabalhos realizados previamente na área, e também por meio do levantamento em imagens de satélites e ortofotos, totalizando 58 pontos de erosões. O modelo digital de elevação (MDE), mapa de área de contribuição e declividade foram elaborados em ambiente SIG, com diferentes pixels de saída, 2, 10 e 30 metros, e para processamento dos dados hidrológicos foram utilizados dois algoritmos: D8 e D-Infinity. Os parâmetros A e S foram calculados para cada uma das feições, analisadas de maneira integrada, e com base em características especificas como posição no relevo e profundidade dos canais. O tamanho do pixel de saída refletiu significativamente na obtenção dos parâmetros A e S, por isso, foram utilizados os modelos com resoluções maiores, pois corresponderam melhor às características da área. Em relação aos algoritmos de fluxo acumulado o D-Infinity apresentou dados mais condizentes com a topografia, e possibilitou o ajuste matemático do limiar crítico no gráfico S x A. O índice obtido a partir da análise integrada foi S = 0,060A-0,280, o índice para feições localizadas em encosta S = 0,0539A-0,412, e feições em drenagem S = 0,0748A-0,397. Além destes, foram obtidos outros índices específicos, determinados conforme a profundidade das feições (< 0,5; 0,5 a 1; 1 a 1,5 e > 1,5 m). A implementação dos índices no SIG possibilitou a elaboração das Cartas de Zoneamento de Áreas de Ocorrência de Erosão que apresentaram resultados consistentes, quando comparadas com outros produtos cartográficos, e podem orientar a ocupação adequada nestes locais, evitando a deflagração de novos processos. Apesar de ser um modelo de predição de erosão simples, os dados obtidos auxiliaram a compreensão dos mecanismos de desencadeamento, por isso, podem subsidiar as ações de planejamento ambiental, visando à recuperação das áreas comprometidas, com o intuito de minimizar os danos ambientais, e as perdas econômicas e sociais.<br>Considering the geomorphology aspects, it is assumed that there is a relationship between slope (S) and contributing area (A) which determines the runoff necessary for the onset of erosion. The relationship between the morphometric parameters can be expressed by the index S = aA-b which represents the topographic threshold for the onset of erosion. Implementing this index in the GIS, cartographic products can be performed with the purpose of reproducing spatially the critical areas subject to the erosion occurrence. The aim of this work is the study if the onset of gully erosions using geoprocessing techniques to obtain the parameters A and S. The study area is the watershed of the Córrego do Meio, located in São Pedro, São Paulo state, with an approximated area of 48.06 km². The erosion feature was compiled from previous study in the area and also through the survey on satellite images and orthophotographs, totalizing 58 erosion points. The digital elevation model (DEM), contribution area and slope were performed in GIS, with different output pixels, 2, 10 and 30 meters, and for the hydrological data processing, two algorithms were used: D8 and D-Infinity. The parameters A and S were calculated for each of the erosion feature, which were analyzed as a whole, and also based on the specific characteristics such as position in the landforms and depth of the channels. The size of the output pixel reflected significantly in obtaining the parameters A and S, therefore, models with higher resolutions were used because they better represent the characteristics of the area. In relation to the flow accumulation algorithms, D-Infinity presented more consistent data with the topography, and enabled the mathematical adjustment of the threshold in the S x A chart. The index obtained from the analysis of all erosion was S = 0.060A-0.280, the index for erosions located in hillside S = 0.0539A-0.412, and erosions in drainage S = 0.0748A-0.397. Besides these, other specific indices were determined, according to the depth of the channels (< 0.5, 0.5 to 1, 1 to 1.5 and > 1.5 m). The implementation of the indexes in the GIS made possible to perform the Zoning Map of Probable Erosion Areas, which showed consistent results when compared to other cartographic products and may direct suitable occupancy in these locations, so as to avoid the onset of new processes. Although it is a model for prediction of simple erosion, the obtained data helped to understand the mechanisms of the onset of the gully erosion, and therefore, can subsidize the actions of environmental planning, aiming at the recovery of the committed areas, with the aim of minimizing environmental damage and economic and social losses.
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Kotas, Jorge Eduardo. "Dinâmica de populações e pesca do tubarão-martelo Sphyrna lewini (Griffith & Smith, 1834), capturado no mar territorial e zona econômica exclusiva do sudeste-sul do Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-08122015-105215/.
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O tubarão-martelo, Sphyrna lewini é um dos mais valiosos recursos marinhos, e o preço pago por suas barbatanas no mercado Asiático pode atingir acima dos U$ 100,00/kg. A análise da composição de tamanhos e idades nas capturas, o estudo do crescimento desta espécie de grande porte e a evolução temporal dos desembarques, indicaram que este recurso se encontra sobreexplotado no sudeste e sul do Brasil, como reflexo de diferentes modalidades pesqueiras atuando ao longo de todo o seu ciclo de vida e à baixa resiliência desta espécie à pesca, por apresentar um crescimento lento (L∞ = 329,12 cm; K = 0,071 ano-1; to = -2,37 ano; sexos combinados), longevidade acima dos 40 anos e mortalidade natural baixa (M = 0,1 ano-1 na fase adulta), padrões estes típicos de uma espécie K-estrategista . A sobrepesca de recrutamento, ocorre nas áreas costeiras, principalmente pela pesca de arrasto e emalhe costeiro, não havendo a proteção das áreas de parto na primavera-verão. Neste caso há grandes capturas de neonatos e juvenis até 8 anos de idade. A tração adulta por sua vez é reduzida pela pesca de espinheI e de emalhe de superfície principalmente na zona de talude. Modelos de análise de covariância indicaram maiores capturas desta espécie na pesca de espinheI de monofilamento de superfície durante os meses de primavera-verão, na zona de talude (200 e 3000 m) e a existência de uma relação linear positiva entre a captura em peso e o esforço em número de anzóis. Medidas de manejo e conservação para esta espécie são sugeridas.<br>The scalloped hammerhead shark Sphyrna lewini is one of the most valuable marine resources, due to its high-priced fins in the Asian market, which can reach U$ 100,00/kg. The analysis of the length and age composition in the catches, growth studies, and the annual development of its landings in southern Brazil, showed signs of overexploitation for the species. This effect was mainly caused by different fishing gears exploiting all the phases of its life-cycle and its low resilience to fishing pressure due to its slow-growing strategy (L∞ = 329,12 cm; K = 0,071 yr-1; to = -2,37 ano; both sexes), longevity (> 40 yrs.) and low natural mortality (M = 0,1 yr-1, during adult phase), which means a K\'strategic typical pattern. Recruitment overfishing use to happen in coastal areas by trawls and anchored gillnets activities which destroy the nurseries and juvenile grounds for the species, mainly in spring-summer months when the parturition occurs. On the other hand, the adult fraction of the stock is reduced by surface longline and driftnets activities along the continental slope. For the surface monofilament longline fisheries, covariance models detected the highest catches of scalloped hammerhead sharks along the slope (between 200 - 3000 m depth), during spring-summer months. There was also a positive linear relationship between catch (in weight) and effort (hook number). Management and conservation measures are recommended for this species.
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Deckert-Schleithoff, Julia [Verfasser], Edgar [Gutachter] Pankow, and Barbara [Gutachter] Rendtorff. "Mädchenerziehung in Mary Shelley’s Lodore : eine Analyse vor dem Hintergrund des kulturwissenschaftlichen Diskurses im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert / Julia Deckert-Schleithoff ; Gutachter: Edgar Pankow, Barbara Rendtorff." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1236991117/34.
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