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1
Bensko, John. "The Hotel Mayaguez." Chicago Review 35, no. 4 (1987): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25305387.
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Hunter, Michael. "Defining a War: INDOCHINA, THE VIETNAM WAR, AND THE MAYAGUEZ INCIDENT." Marine Corps History 6, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 72–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35318/mch.2020060204.
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Only two weeks after the fall of Saigon in May 1975, Khmer Rouge forces seized the American merchant ship SS Mayaguez (1944) off the Cambodian coast, setting up a Marine rescue and recovery battle on the island of Koh Tang. This battle on 12–15 May 1975 was the final U.S. military episode amid the wider Second Indochina War. The term Vietnam War has impeded a proper understanding of the wider war in the American consciousness, leading many to disassociate the Mayaguez incident from the Vietnam War, though they belong within the same historical frame. This article seeks to provide a heretofore unseen historical argument connecting the Mayaguez incident to the wider war and to demonstrate that Mayaguez and Koh Tang veterans are Vietnam veterans, relying on primary sources from the Ford administration, the papers of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund, and interviews with veterans.
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Lamb, Christopher J. "The Mayaguez Crisis: Correcting 30 Years of Scholarship." Political Science Quarterly 133, no. 1 (March 2018): 35–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polq.12736.
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McGuire, Charles B., Philip E. Tetlock, and Christopher John Lamb. "Belief Systems and Decision Making in the Mayaguez Crisis." Political Science Quarterly 105, no. 1 (1990): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2151243.
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Jury, Mark R., and Sen Chiao. "Leeside Boundary Layer Confluence and Afternoon Thunderstorms over Mayaguez, Puerto Rico." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 52, no. 2 (February 2013): 439–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-11-087.1.
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AbstractThe midsummer boundary layer (BL) circulation and afternoon thunderstorm convection on the lee side of Puerto Rico is studied using observations and high-resolution models. Satellite infrared data help to identify cases on 5 and 14 June 2010 when midday surface temperatures show a 2°C gradient between land and sea and afternoon cloud-top temperatures <−60°C. Acoustic sounder profiles are analyzed for climatology, wind shear, turbulence, and diurnal cycles in the 40–300-m layer. Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations indicate that sea-breeze flow is entrained into convective cells near Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. The simulated BL wind shear is too weak (0.5 × 10−2 s−1) in comparison with the acoustic sounder (2 × 10−2 s−1). Model 900-hPa winds are southeasterly and spread simulated convection too far north in comparison with radar. The pattern of near-surface winds in the island wake triggers afternoon thunderstorms near Mayaguez. A feature of the confluent circulation around Puerto Rico is opposing shear zones on the leeward corners of the island and a sea breeze of 5 m s−1 over the west coast during midday.
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Meilinger, Phillip S., and John F. Guilmartin. "A Very Short War: The "Mayaguez" and the Battle of Koh Tang." Journal of Military History 60, no. 4 (October 1996): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2944696.
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Villamil-Otero, Gian, Ryan Meiszberg, Jennifer S. Haase, Ki-Hong Min, Mark R. Jury, and John J. Braun. "Topographic–Thermal Circulations and GPS-Measured Moisture Variability around Mayaguez, Puerto Rico." Earth Interactions 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/ei-d-14-0022.1.
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Abstract To investigate topographic–thermal circulations and the associated moisture variability over western Puerto Rico, field data were collected from 15 to 31 March 2011. Surface meteorological instruments and ground-based GPS receivers measured the circulation and precipitable water with high spatial and temporal resolution, and the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model was used to simulate the mesoscale flow at 1-km resolution. A westerly onshore flow of ~4 m s−1 over Mayaguez Bay was observed on many days, due to an interaction between thermally driven [3°C (10 km)−1] sea-breeze circulation and an island wake comprised of twin gyres. The thermally driven sea breeze occurred only when easterly synoptic winds favorably oriented the gyres with respect to the coast. Moisture associated with onshore flow was characterized by GPS measured precipitable water (PW). There is diurnal cycling of PW > 3 cm over the west coast during periods of onshore flow. The WRF Model tends to overestimate PW on the west side of the island, suggesting evapotranspiration as a process needing further attention. Fluctuations of PW affect local rainfall in times of convective instability.
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Cohen, Eliot A., and John F. Guilmartin. "A Very Short War: The Mayaguez and the Battle of Koh Tang." Foreign Affairs 75, no. 2 (1996): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20047515.
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Clymer, Kenton, and John F. Guilmartin Jr. "A Very Short War: The Mayaguez and the Battle of Koh Tang." Journal of American History 83, no. 3 (December 1996): 1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2945794.
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Sweeney, Michael, Michael DiBari, Edgar Simpson, and William Schulte. "President Ford’s Personal Watergate: The Undermining of the Public Sphere during the Mayaguez Incident." American Journalism 36, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 497–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2019.1683408.
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Fibiger, Mattias. "Remaking the Imperial Presidency: The Mayaguez Incident of 1975 and the Contradictions of Credibility." Diplomacy & Statecraft 31, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 118–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592296.2020.1721084.
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Comstock, Gary. "Is it unnatural to genetically engineer plants?" Weed Science 46, no. 6 (December 1998): 647–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500089669.
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Author' note: This article is based on remarks made in February 1998 at the annual meeting of the Weed Science Society of America in Chicago. Those remarks were in turn based on an article, to be published in Spanish, titled “Es Antinatural la Manipulación Genética de los Animales?” The Spanish version will appear in the Proceedings of the Segundo Congreso Caribeno de Bioetica, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, March 1998. It addresses the question of the engineering of animals; the focus here is the engineering of plants. Whether one considers flora or fauna, the unnaturalness objection raises the same cluster of concerns. Consequently, an assessment of those concerns need not vary significantly in turning from animals to plants.
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Schizas, Nikolaos. "Hurricane Maria and its Impact on the Zoological and Botanical Collections of the University of Puerto Rico." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (July 5, 2018): e26014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26014.
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With a total of more than 150,000 specimens, the 85-year old collections of insects and terrestrial, freshwater, and marine invertebrates of the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez (UPRM), western Puerto Rico, are among the most significant repositories for these groups in the Caribbean region. Located in Mayagüez and on Magueyes Island, these collections were created by outstanding insect and invertebrate specialists working in Puerto Rico and surrounding islands. Holdings are particularly strong in the Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Collembola, Crustacea, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Cnidaria. Collecting and curatorial activities, initiated in the 1920s, were maintained throughout the 1980s, resulting in many taxonomically and historically valuable records for the region. From 1990 to 2005, the invertebrate collections were increasingly neglected, with certain parts scattered throughout multiple buildings and rooms, inaccessible, or inadequately stored and at risk of becoming damaged or lost. The support for these collections was not sustained at high levels due to a variety of factors, including changes in the research profile of new academic appointments and the shortsightedness of administrators to fully understand the cultural, educational and scientific value of the museum holdings. With the exception of a federal grant through NSF - DBI (National Science Foundation - Biological Research Collections - PI Frantz - 2007-2010), which initiated a flurry of Museum related activities to improve the deteriorating museum facilities throughout the UPRM campus, the Museum collections are now facing even more challenges, some anthropogenic and very recently, some natural. Major Hurricane Maria (Category 4), delivered a devastating blow to the island of Puerto Rico on 20 September 2017. Both terrestrial and marine ecosystems were heavily impacted. Extensive structural damage to roads, telecommunications, water systems, the energy grid and approximately 60,000 houses/buildings made Hurricane Maria the most damaging Hurricane (estimated cost ~ 90 billion dollars) in the USA after Katrina and Harvey. Flooding caused by the direct impact of Hurricane Maria (5 to 40 inches of rain fell during the first 48 hours in Puerto Rico) and subsequent extensive loss of electricity caused unfavorable conditions for the collections. The University of Puerto Rico in Mayaguez closed for approximately 45 days and limited electricity, if any, was available through diesel generators. High levels of humidity and heat can cause further structural damage as well as favor the growth of fungus in enclosed areas of UPRM, including the Museums. Efforts to safeguard the collections will be outlined here to ensure the collections remain a valuable natural asset of the people of Puerto Rico as part of their natural patrimony and as an irreplaceable education tool.
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Makus, D. J. "Initial Observations on Cassava (Manihotesculenta Crantz) Establishment and Adaptability in the Rio Grand Valley." HortScience 32, no. 4 (July 1997): 605B—605. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.4.605b.
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Four cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) accessions were received from the USDA, ARS Plant Introduction Station in Mayaguez, PR on 16 Jan. 1996. The next day the 15- to 20-cm-long cuttings were propagated individually in 1-gal. pots containing Metro Mix No. 4 for 10 weeks before field setting into a transition Hidalgo-McAllen fine sandy loam soil on a USDA, APHIS site near McCook, Texas. Three plant establishment methods, control (no soil amendment), addition of 15 Mt bagasse/ha, or 50 kg cross-linked polyacrylamide/ha into the planting trench were evaluated. The 2 × 1.2 m spacings on 15-cm-high beds provided 4036 plants/ha. Plants received a total of 35.8 cm of water between field planting and harvest (230 days). Mid- and late-season soil moisture (kg/m3) at 38 cm depth only was lowest in soil containing bagasse. Establishment method had little or no effect on plant size, leaf nutrients, leaf pigment concentrations, root dry matter, or root yield. Accessions differed in many of these attributes except root yield, the means of which ranged from 5 to 9 Mt/ha. Only roots survived an air temperature of -5.4 °C on 19 Dec.
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Simon, Sheldon W. "Belief Systems and Decision Making in the Mayaguez Crisis. By Christopher John Lamb. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1989. xv, 304 pp." Journal of Asian Studies 49, no. 4 (November 1990): 1003–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2058334.
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Menétrey-Monchau, Cécile. "The Mayaguez Incident as an Epilogue to the Vietnam War and its Reflection of the Post-Vietnam Political Equilibrium in Southeast Asia." Cold War History 5, no. 3 (August 2005): 337–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14682740500222127.
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Postman, Joseph, Kim Hummer, Ed Stover, Robert Krueger, Phillip Forsline, L. J. Grauke, Francis Zee, Tomas Ayala-Silva, and Brian Irish. "Fruit and Nut Genebanks in the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System." HortScience 41, no. 5 (August 2006): 1188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.5.1188.
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The year 2005 marked the 25th anniversary of the establishment of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS), repositories devoted to clonally propagated, horticultural fruit and nut crops. During this quarter century, facilities in Hilo, Hawaii; Mayaguez, PR.; Miami, Fla.; and Riverside, Calif. were developed to preserve collections of tropical and subtropical fruit and nut crops; facilities in Brownwood, Texas; Corvallis, Ore.; Davis, Calif. and Geneva, N.Y. preserve the temperate crops. Each of these facilities now has internationally recognized, globally diverse collections of genetic resources for their assigned genera. Germplasm of unique genotypes are maintained as growing plants, evaluated for phenotypic and genotypic traits, documented in a national public germplasm database, and freely distributed as clonal propaggules to researchers and other germplasm users around the world. Seed collections represent wild populations for some crop relatives. These 8 genebanks maintain 30,000 accessions representing 1600 species of fruit and nut crops and their wild relatives. The genebanks distribute more than 15,000 accessions annually to international researchers. Although originally conceived as working collections for crop improvement, NPGS genebanks have also become invaluable in providing the raw materials for basic plant genetic research, reservoirs for rare or endangered species or vulnerable landraces, archives of historic cultivars, and field classrooms for educating the public. These collections preserve botanical treasures as well as the American horticultural heritage for now and for future generations.
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Santana, E. A., G. Godoy-Lutz, J. C. Nin, F. Saladin, J. S. Beaver, D. P. Coyne, and J. R. Steadman. "Development of Five Tropically Adapted Disease Resistant Dry Bean Varieties." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 499d—499. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.499d.
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Diseases are a primary constraint affecting yield and seed quality of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in the Dominican Republic. A collaborative dry bean breeding program to develop resistance to one or more diseases in different dry bean types was conducted in the Dominican Republic (DR) under a US-AID Title XII Bean/Cowpea CRSP involving breeders and pathologists in the Ministry of Agriculture, DR, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, and the Univ. of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez. The origin and some characteristics of the five new dry bean varieties released in 1988 are described here. The black seeded `Arroyo Loro Negro' (MUS-N-4-H) (Type II a growth habit) was derived from the cross H-270 (MSU/UPR) X XAN-223 and has resistance to web blight and rust. The pedigree of the white seeded `Anacaona' (L-8020) (Type II a growth habit) is (2b-5-1/2 × NEP-2/Black Turtle Soup) X BON 355 (MSU). `Anacaona' is moderately resistant to web blight. The three red-mottled determinate Pompadour varieties were developed from the following crosses; `Saladin-97' (PC-21-SME) and `CIAS-95' (PC-21-SMA) from `PC-50'(DR) X BAT 1274 (CIAT) and `JB-178' (PR-JB-178) from `Jose Beta' (DR) X C1308 in Puerto Rico. These new high yielding Pompadour varieties have a higher level of field resistance to Andean pathotypes of rust in the DR than does `PC-50' the predominate variety.
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Manfio, Daiara, Isaac Reis Jorge, Gael J. Kergoat, and Cibele Stramare Ribeiro-Costa. "Phylogeny and evolution of the genus Ctenocolum Kingsolver & Whitehead (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae), with the description of three new species." Insect Systematics & Evolution 50, no. 1 (December 18, 2018): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1876312x-00002176.
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The seed beetle genus Ctenocolum Kingsolver & Whitehead is peculiar because its preferred host Lonchocharpus Kunth (Fabaceae) is not preyed upon by other bruchine species. This study investigates the phylogenetic relationships and evolution of this genus and of its species groups, while providing the description of three new species and of the male of C. biolleyi Kingsolver & Whitehead. To infer phylogenetic relationships, a character matrix of 40 morphological characters was assembled and analysed using both parsimony and Bayesian inference. Ancestral state estimations of host plant use and biogeography analyses were also performed. A total of 22 species were examined: 16 Ctenocolum species (including the three new ones) and six outgroup bruchine species (from genera Caryedes Hummel, Meibomeus Bridwell, Pygiopachymerus Pic and Pachymerus Thunberg). All resulting trees support the monophyly of the genus Ctenocolum. Three synapomorphies characterize the genus: (i) head with frontal carina enlarged at base, (ii) male pygidium truncated apically, and (iii) lateral lobes of tegmen with dorsal process. The two known species groups are also recovered monophyletic in the parsimony analyses. The following three species are described: Ctenocolum inmaculatus Manfio & Ribeiro-Costa sp. nov. (Type locality: Venezuela, Guarico), which belongs to the group tuberculatum; Ctenocolum nigronotus Manfio & Ribeiro-Costa sp. nov. (Type locality: Porto Rico, Mayaguez) and C. pallidus Manfio & Ribeiro-Costa sp. nov. (Type locality: Republic of Guyana), which belong to the group podagricus. Finally, we present colored illustrations of dorsal patterns and male genitalia for these three new species and C. biolleyi in addition to an updated key for the genus Ctenocolum.
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García, Ricardo, Didier Valdés, and Alberto M. Figueroa-Medina. "Evaluation of the Effectiveness on the Implementation of a Two-Way Left-Turn Lane with Educational Material in Highway PR-107 using a Driving Simulator." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 9 (May 7, 2019): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119843263.
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The road diet concept has been implemented around the United States for more than three decades. Road diets are at the early stages of implementation in Puerto Rico and the use of a Two-Way Left Turn Lane (TWLTL) will be a new and unfamiliar design for local drivers. For this reason, the effectiveness of a TWLTL was evaluated using a driving simulator with local drivers for a segment of highway PR-107 in Puerto Rico. This highway is a suburban commercial corridor without access control that had a 67% increase in crashes between 2015 and 2016. This highway was selected because of its large number of left-turn maneuvers and more than 40% of the total crashes were rear-end type crashes. The University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez Driving Simulator was used to evaluate drivers’ performance by observing vehicle speeds and positions along two simulated road scenarios: 1) the existing cross-section and 2) a modified cross-section with a TWLTL. Subjects were divided into two groups: 1) subjects who received training about the correct operation on a TWLTL before the simulation runs and 2) subjects who did not receive any prior training. The results indicate a positive effect of the educational material on driver behavior. Subjects who received training about the TWLTL showed a 66% increase in maneuver improvement, less variability in the position at which they entered the TWLTL, and lower variance of the mean speed than those who did not receive TWLTL training before driving through the simulation.
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Johannet, Paul, Wenke Liu, David Fenyo, Megan Wind-Rotolo, Michelle Krogsgaard, Janice M. Mehnert, Jeffrey S. Weber, Judy Zhong, and Iman Osman. "Baseline Serum Autoantibody Signatures Predict Recurrence and Toxicity in Melanoma Patients Receiving Adjuvant Immune Checkpoint Blockade." Clinical Cancer Research 28, no. 18 (September 15, 2022): 4121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0404.
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Abstract Purpose: Adjuvant immunotherapy produces durable benefit for patients with resected melanoma, but many develop recurrence and/or immune-related adverse events (irAE). We investigated whether baseline serum autoantibody (autoAb) signatures predicted recurrence and severe toxicity in patients treated with adjuvant nivolumab, ipilimumab, or ipilimumab plus nivolumab. Experimental Design: This study included 950 patients: 565 from CheckMate 238 (408 ipilimumab versus 157 nivolumab) and 385 from CheckMate 915 (190 nivolumab versus 195 ipilimumab plus nivolumab). Serum autoAbs were profiled using the HuProt Human Proteome Microarray v4.0 (CDI Laboratories, Mayaguez, PR). Analysis of baseline differentially expressed autoAbs was followed by recurrence and severe toxicity signature building for each regimen, testing of the signatures, and additional independent validation for nivolumab using patients from CheckMate 915. Results: In the nivolumab independent validation cohort, high recurrence score predicted significantly worse recurrence-free survival [RFS; adjusted HR (aHR), 3.60; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.98–6.55], and outperformed a model composed of clinical variables including PD-L1 expression (P < 0.001). Severe toxicity score was a significant predictor of severe irAEs (aHR, 13.53; 95% CI, 2.59–86.65). In the ipilimumab test cohort, high recurrence score was associated with significantly worse RFS (aHR, 3.21; 95% CI, 1.38–7.45) and severe toxicity score significantly predicted severe irAEs (aHR, 11.04; 95% CI, 3.84–37.25). In the ipilimumab plus nivolumab test cohort, high autoAb recurrence score was associated with significantly worse RFS (aHR, 6.45; 95% CI, 1.48–28.02), and high severe toxicity score was significantly associated with severe irAEs (aHR, 23.44; 95% CI, 4.10–212.50). Conclusions: Baseline serum autoAb signatures predicted recurrence and severe toxicity in patients treated with adjuvant immunotherapy. Prospective testing of the signatures that include datasets with longer follow-up and rare but more severe toxicities will help determine their generalizability and potential clinical utility. See related commentary by Hassel and Luke, p. 3914
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Cintrón, Ralph. "'Sociales de Mayagüez'." Comparative American Studies An International Journal 5, no. 2 (June 2007): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/147757007x204411.
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Serrano, David. "Solar Powered Module for Portable Computers." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 125, no. 2 (May 1, 2003): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1563631.
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A laptop by its virtue is a mobile apparatus, therefore, a power outlet may not necessarily be available to charge its batteries. Typical laptops have a range of up to 2.5 hr. of battery life under normal operation and some have as little as 1.5 hr. For the computer user on the move, it is important to have enough power available for more extended periods of time. Today’s technology provides a large number of other mobile appliances, instruments, and tools that will also greatly benefit from extended power. Existing solar panels operate under direct sunlight conditions and are deployed only when the equipment is in use or stationary. The solar-powered module developed at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez, has the advantage that it recharges the laptop in transit even when it is not in operation. By charging the battery when it is stored allows the battery to be recharged during a larger period of time thereby increasing the amount of energy stored. Different types of solar cells were tested under “real world” lighting situations in order to assess their potential for the intended application. The solar array was optimized for use under a larger range of illumination conditions such that it may operate when direct sunlight is not available. The ergonomic design is integrated into the laptop’s carrying case, but it may also be detached and/or repositioned if desired. The solar panel is based on the latest technology of triple junction spectrum-splitting amorphous silicon solar cells. The equipment allows the use of a laptop or other portable equipment in situations when power is not available, providing a needed service in remote locations to professionals in the field and provides a backup power source in the event of an emergency or lack of adequate infrastructure. This paper describes the design process in the selection of the solar cell technology used in the module.
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COSTA, SÁVIO CUNHA, GABRIELA PIRANI, and SARAH SIQUEIRA OLIVEIRA. "Monotypic no more: A new species of the unusual genus Mayagueza Wheeler, 1960 from the Neotropical region (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Steganinae)." Zootaxa 5068, no. 2 (November 16, 2021): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5068.2.8.
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A new species belonging to the previously monotypic steganine genus Mayagueza Wheeler, 1960 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is described. The new species, Mayagueza lopesi sp. nov., was collected in the Brazilian Cerrado. This is the first record of this genus for South America, and the description of the new species, based on male and female adult specimens, includes photographs and detailed illustrations of male and female terminalia.
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Wengrove, Meagan E., and Thomas P. Ballestero. "Upstream to downstream: stormwater quality in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 184, no. 8 (September 17, 2011): 5025–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2318-x.
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Roberto Vargas, Nelia Acosta, Amelia Monllor, and Carlos Betancourt. "Control de Meloidogyne spp. con Pasteuria penetrant (Thorne) Sayre y Starr." Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico 76, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v76i2.4134.
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Se establecieron tres experimentos de invernadero en el Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez para estudiar el potencial de la bacteria Pasteuria penetrans (población de Australia) como biorrepresor del nematodo nodulador Meloidogyne incognita en plantas de tomate. Las raíces de plantas inoculadas con el nematodo, infectado, a su vez, por la bacteria, presentaron un índice de inoculación y un número de larvas y huevos de Meloidogyne spp. significativamente menor que las de plantas infectadas solo con el nematodo.
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Serrato-Diaz, L. M., L. I. Rivera-Vargas, R. Goenaga, G. J. M. Verkley, and R. D. French-Monar. "First Report of a Lasmenia sp. Causing Rachis Necrosis, Flower Abortion, Fruit Rot, and Leaf Spots on Rambutan in Puerto Rico." Plant Disease 95, no. 10 (October 2011): 1313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-11-0366.
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Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is a tropical fruit tree that has increased in importance for fruit growers in Puerto Rico. In 2008 and 2009, fruit rot and lesions on leaves and inflorescences were observed. A total of 276 diseased samples were collected from commercial orchards, orchards at the University of Puerto Rico, and the USDA-ARS in Mayaguez. Plant tissue was disinfested and plated on acidified potato dextrose agar (APDA). Besides other typical fungi associated with these tissue samples (2,3), 130 unknown isolates were identified as a Lasmenia sp. at the Fungal Biodiversity Centre (CBS), the Netherlands and the University of Puerto Rico using taxonomic keys (1,4). Sequencing of the rDNA with primers ITS 1 and ITS 4 and Lr5 and LR0R corresponding to the (internal transcribed spacer) ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and the partial region of the large ribosomal subunit (LSU), respectively, was completed. Five isolates (CBS 124122 to 124126) were deposited at the CBS. In APDA, colonies of a Lasmenia sp. were cream-colored with dark brown concentric rings and immersed, hyaline, branched, and septate mycelium. Acervuli were produced on APDA and plant tissue that was sampled from field and clean tissue that was inoculated with a Lasmenia sp. Conidia were 10 to 12 × 4 to 5 μm, light brown, thick walled, obclavate, aseptate, and the apex was obtuse with a scar at the base. Conidiophores were hyaline, septate, cylindrical, and sparingly branched. The conidiogenous cells were hyaline, cylindrical, and holoblastic. Pathogenicity tests were done on 12 healthy, superficially sterilized fruits under laboratory conditions, on four random leaves in each of six 6-month-old rambutan seedlings under greenhouse conditions, and on four flowers in six random inflorescences for each of six mature trees from an orchard. Tests were repeated. Either wounded or unwounded tissues were inoculated with a conidial suspension (2 to 4.5 × 106 conidia/ml) and 5-mm mycelial disks from each fungal isolate grown in APDA. After 5 days, a Lasmenia sp. produced necrotic spots on leaves, rachis necrosis and flower abortion, fruit rot, and water-soaked lesions on the fruit surface that spread to cause an aril (flesh) rot. Acervuli were produced on fruit spintems (hair-like appendages). Koch's postulates were fulfilled by reisolation of inoculated fungi from diseased tissue. A complete sequence for the ITS region for four isolates of a Lasmenia sp. was submitted to NCBI GenBank (Accession Nos. GU797405, GU797406, GU797407, and JF838336). Complete sequences of the LSU region for all five isolates were submitted to GenBank (Accession Nos. JF838337, JF838338, JF838339, JF838340, and JF838341). For both types of sequences, the identity was 100% between isolates. Although there is no DNA sequence data for the genus Lasmenia, a BLASTN search indicates a closer affinity to the Cryphonectriaceae (Diaporthales) (1). A Lasmenia sp. has been reported from Hawaii as causing fruit rot in rambutan (2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a Lasmenia sp. causing rachis necrosis and flower abortion worldwide, and the first report of fruit rot and necrotic spots on leaves of rambutan in Puerto Rico. References: (1) M. N. Kamat et al. Rev. Mycol. 38:19, 1973. (2) K. A. Nishijima and P. A. Follett. Plant Dis. 86:71, 2002. (3) L. M. Serrato et al. Phytopathology (Abstr.) 100(suppl):S176, 2010. (4) B. C. Sutton. The Coelomycetes: Fungi Imperfecti with Pycnidia Acervuli and Stromata. CMI. Kew, Surrey, England, 1980.
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Serrato-Diaz, L. M., E. I. Latoni-Brailowsky, L. I. Rivera-Vargas, R. Goenaga, P. W. Crous, and R. D. French-Monar. "First Report of Calonectria hongkongensis Causing Fruit Rot of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum)." Plant Disease 97, no. 8 (August 2013): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-13-0008-pdn.
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Fruit rot of rambutan is a pre- and post-harvest disease problem of rambutan orchards. In 2011, fruit rot was observed at USDA-ARS orchards in Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. Infected fruit were collected and 1 mm2 tissue sections were surface disinfested with 70% ethanol followed by 0.5% sodium hypochlorite. Infected fruit were rinsed with sterile, deionized, double-distilled water and transferred to acidified potato dextrose agar (APDA). Plates were incubated at 25 ± 1°C for 6 days. Three isolates of Calonectria hongkongensis (Cah), CBS134083, CBS134084, and CBS134085, were identified morphologically using taxonomic keys (2,3). In APDA, colonies of Cah produced raw sienna to rust-colored aerial mycelial growth. Conidiophores of Cah had a penicillate arrangement of primary to quaternary branches of 2 to 6 phialides. Conidia (n = 50) were cylindrical, hyaline, 1-septate, rounded at both ends, and 44 to 52 μm × 3.5 to 4.5 μm. Conidiophores produced terminal and lateral stipe extensions with terminal sphaeropedunculate vesicles that were 8 to 12 μm wide. Subglobose to ovoid perithecia, 300 to 500 μm × 200 to 350 μm and orange to red-brown, were produced in groups of 3. Asci were clavate and contained 8 ascospores aggregated at the top of the ascus. Ascospores (n = 50) were hyaline, guttulate, fusoid with rounded ends, straight to curved, 1-septate with constriction at the septum, and 28 to 36 μm × 4 to 7 μm. For molecular identification, the ITS rDNA, fragments of β-tubulin (BT), histone H3 (HIS3), and elongation factor (EF1-α) genes were amplified by PCR, sequenced, and compared using BLASTn with Calonectria spp. submitted to the NCBI GenBank. The sequences of Cah submitted to GenBank include accessions KC342208, KC342206, and KC342207 for ITS; KC342217, KC342215, and KC342216 for BT; KC342211, KC342209, and KC342210 for HIS3; and KC342214, KC342212, and KC342213 for EF1α. The sequences were >99% or identical with the ex-type specimen of Cah CBS 114828 for all genes used. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on 5 healthy superficially sterilized fruits per isolate. Both scalpel-wounded and unwounded fruit tissues were inoculated with 5-mm mycelial disks from 8-day-old pure cultures grown in APDA. Untreated controls were inoculated with APDA disks only. Fruits were kept in a humid chamber for 8 days at 25°C under 12 h of fluorescent light. The test was repeated once. Three days after inoculation (DAI), white mycelial growth was observed on the fruit. Five DAI, the fruit changed color from red to brown and yellowish mycelia colonized 50 to 62% of the fruit surface. Eight DAI, all the fruit turned brown, the mycelium growth covered the entire fruit, and conidiophores were produced on spinterns (hairlike appendages). Fruit rot of spinterns, exocarp (skin), endocarp (aril), and light brown discoloration were observed inside the fruit. Untreated controls showed no symptoms of fruit rot and no fungi were reisolated from tissue. Cah was reisolated from diseased tissue, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Calonectria spp. (or their Cylindrocladium asexual states) have been associated with lychee decline syndrome in North Vietnam (1). Both fruits belong to the Sapindaceae family. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Cah causing fruit rot of rambutan. References: (1) L. M. Coates et al. Diseases of Longan, Lychee and Rambutan. Pages 307-325 in: Diseases of Tropical Fruit Crops. R. C. Ploetz, ed. CABI Publishing, Cambridge, MA, 2003. (2) P. W. Crous. Taxonomy and Pathology of Cylindrocladium (Calonectria) and Allied Genera. APS Press, St Paul, MN, 2002. (3) P. W. Crous, et al. Stud. Mycol. 50:415, 2004.
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Serrato-Diaz, L. M., E. I. Latoni-Brailowsky, L. I. Rivera-Vargas, R. Goenaga, and R. D. French-Monar. "First Report of Gliocephalotrichum bulbilium and G. simplex Causing Fruit Rot of Rambutan in Puerto Rico." Plant Disease 96, no. 8 (August 2012): 1225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-12-0210-pdn.
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Post-harvest disease losses of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) have been reported worldwide and several pathogens have been associated with fruit rot (3,4). In 2011, fruit rot of rambutan was observed on 11-year-old trees at the USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station in Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. Infected fruit sections (1 mm2) were surface-sterilized, rinsed with sterile deionized-distilled water, and transferred to acidified potato dextrose agar (APDA). Gliocephalotrichum bulbilium J.J. Ellis & Hesseltine (Gb) and G. simplex (J.A. Meyer) B. Wiley & E. Simmons (Gs) were identified using a taxonomic key (1). In corn meal agar (CMA), five isolates of Gb were light yellow-to-light brown. Conidiophores had sterile stipe extensions ranging from 120 to 150 μm long and were produced contiguous to the erect conidiogenous penicilli. Conidia were unicellular, smooth, oblong to elliptical, and 5.5 to 7.5 μm long by 2.0 to 2.5 μm wide. Bulbilloid aggregates were observed and averaged 70 μm long. In CMA, five isolates of Gs were light brown-to-chestnut brown. Conidiophores had sterile stipe extensions 130 to 180 μm long that were produced approximately 15 to 30 μm away from the conidiogenous penicilli. Conidia were unicellular, smooth, cylindrical to elliptical, and with slightly curved ends ranging from 6.5 to 8.5 μm long by 2.0 to 2.5 μm wide. Chlamydospores were unicellular, brown, smooth and thick-walled, averaging 35 μm long. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on five detached fruits per isolate. Five isolates of each Gliocephalotrichum spp. were inoculated on fruits using 5-mm mycelial disks of 8-day-old pure cultures grown in APDA. Untreated controls were inoculated with APDA disks only. Inoculated fruit was kept in a humid chamber for 8 days at 25°C under 12 hours of fluorescent light. Test was repeated once. Five days after inoculation (DAI), white mycelial growth for Gb and golden mycelial growth for Gs were observed on rambutan fruits. Eight DAI, fruit rot, and aril (flesh) rot symptoms were observed on fruits inoculated with isolates of Gb and Gs. Infected fruit changed in color from red to brown, and, on average, mycelia of Gb and Gs covered 50 and 60% of the fruit, respectively. Conidiophores were observed on spintems (hair-like appendages). Control fruit did not rot. Both species were reisolated from diseased plant tissue, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. For molecular identification of these species of Gliocephalotrichum, the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the rDNA and a fragment of the β-tubulin gene were amplified by PCR and aligned with other Gb and Gs sequences in NCBI GenBank for comparison. The sequences submitted to GenBank included Gs Accession Nos. JQ688045 and JQ688046 and Gb Accession Nos. JQ688044 and JQ68847 for the ITS sequences. For the β-tubulin gene, Gs Accession Nos. JQ688049 and JQ688050 and Gb Accession Nos. JQ688048 and JQ688051. Both DNA regions had 99.9 to 100% sequence identity to other isolates of Gb and Gs reported in GenBank (1). Gliocephalotrichum spp. have been associated with rambutan fruit rot in Hawaii, Sri Lanka and Thailand (2,4). To our knowledge, this is the first report of G. bulbilium and G. simplex causing fruit rot of rambutan in Puerto Rico. References: (1) C. Decock et al. Mycologia 98:488, 2006. (2) K. A. Nishijima and P. A. Follett. Plant Dis. 86:71, 2002. (3) L. M. Serrato et al. Phytopathology 100:S176, 2010. (4) D. Sivakumar et al. J. Natn. Sci. Coun. Sri Lanka 25:225, 1997.
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Irish, B. M., R. Goenaga, S. Park, and S. Kang. "First Report of Phytophthora palmivora, Causal Agent of Black Pod, on Cacao in Puerto Rico." Plant Disease 91, no. 8 (August 2007): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-8-1051b.
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Black pod or Phytophthora pod rot is the most economically important and widespread disease of cacao, Theobroma cacao L. Total losses due to Phytophthora exceed $400 million worldwide (1), and several species are known to attack cacao with P. palmivora (E.J. Butler) E. J. Butler as the most common. All plant parts are infected, but pod infections are particularly damaging. Symptoms resembling those of black pod disease were observed at the National Plant Germplasm Collection System of cacao at the USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station (TARS) in Mayaguez, Puerto Rico for a number of years. During May of 2005, to determine the etiology of the disease, small, surface disinfested sections of pod lesions were placed on water agar and incubated for 4 days. The formation of papillate, deciduous, ellipsoidal to ovoid sporangia produced on sympodial sporangiophores on fruits, fit the description of P. palmivora and the identification was confirmed on cultures on water agar (2). Chlamydospores were readily observed in diseased pods and observed in pure cultures on V8 agar (2). Eight, single hyphal tips were transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) and maintained as stock cultures. For pathogenicity tests, healthy mature pods were surface disinfested and placed in a humidity chamber lined with moist paper towels. Eight isolates were tested on four fruits per isolate and the pathogenicity test was repeated once. Inoculum was prepared by growing each isolate on PDA for 5 days with irradiation at 24°C, adding approximately 3.0 ml of water to each plate, dislodging the sporangia with a glass rod, mixing the suspension, estimating spore numbers with a hemacytometer, and adjusting to 104 sporangia per ml. A small, sterile scalpel was used to make an approximately 20.0 mm cut on the fruit epidermis, and approximately 0.2 ml of inoculum was placed on the wound. Pods were evaluated daily for 2 weeks. For molecular analysis, each of the eight cultures were grown in 50% potato dextrose broth to produce mycelia for DNA extraction using the FastDNA kit (Q-Biogen1, Irvine, CA). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA gene cluster was amplified, purified, and sequenced for all eight isolates. The ITS sequences of GenBank Accession Nos. DQ987915 to DQ987922 were identical and exhibited strong similarity (>99% identity) to that of three previously described isolates of P. palmivora from cacao (GenBank Accession Nos. AF 228097, AF467093, and AF467089). P. palmivora has been reported on citrus, coconut, black pepper, and Arracacia xanthorrhiza in Puerto Rico (2,3) and inoculum may have originated from these host or imported on cacao planted into the cacao collection before 2000. USDA-ARS-TARS is the official site for the cacao germplasm collection, thus, a detailed integrated pest management plan that includes the evaluation for resistance, sanitation measures, and use of fungicides to reduce disease levels has been implemented. Decreasing incidence and severity of this disease is a top priority. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. palmivora on cacao in Puerto Rico. References: (1) M. C. T. Braga et al. Agrotropica 1:108, 1989. (2) D. Erwin and O. K. Ribeiro. Phytophthora Diseases Worldwide. The American Phytopathological Society. St. Paul, MN, 1996. (3) E. Rosa-Marquez. J. Agric. Univ. P. R. 84:53, 2000.
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Franz, Nico M., and Sohath Z. Yusseff Vanegas. "The University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez Insect Collection — Then and Now." Entomological News 120, no. 4 (September 2009): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3157/021.120.0409.
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Marcelo Suárez, O. "Materials at the University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez: A model for success." JOM 61, no. 10 (October 2009): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-009-0146-z.
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Cruz, José A., William J. Frey, and Halley D. Sanchez. "The Ethics Bowl in Engineering Ethics at the University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez." Teaching Ethics 4, no. 2 (2004): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/tej2004422.
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Acevedo, V., J. C. V. Rodrigues, C. E. de Jensen, C. G. Webster, S. Adkins, and L. Wessel-Beaver. "First Report of Squash vein yellowing virus Affecting Watermelon and Bitter Gourd in Puerto Rico." Plant Disease 97, no. 11 (November 2013): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-13-0322-pdn.
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In 2005, symptoms of watermelon vine decline (WVD) were observed on a 200-acre watermelon farm in Santa Isabel, on the south central coast of Puerto Rico. WVD symptoms included leaf curling, mosaics, and internode necrosis. In early growth stages of WVD, reduced vigor and plant stunting occurred. At flowering, symptoms progressed to necrosis and wilting of vines. A 2006 to 2007 survey demonstrated that fungal pathogens were not associated with the presence of WVD symptoms (3,4). By 2006, other watermelon fields were also affected. Field trials in 2007 and 2008 with insect-proof cages and insecticides suggested a role of whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) in the transmission of a virus (3,4). Here, we report that watermelon and pumpkin plants were successfully infected in Puerto Rico by mechanical inoculation and through B. tabaci transmission assays, similarly to transmissions previously conducted in Florida with Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) (1). In addition, plants of Cucurbita moschata exhibited vein clearing symptoms typical of SqVYV after mechanical inoculation with extracts from watermelon plants with WVD symptoms. In 2011, eight watermelon samples from plants exhibiting WVD syndrome were collected in Guánica, Santa Isabel, Juana Díaz, and Mayagüez, and two Momordica charantia samples were collected from Mayagüez. RNA was extracted from all 10 original samples, as well as from plants that were used in mechanical and vector transmission assays, using RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, California), and all samples were found positive for SqVYV by reverse transcription-PCR, using previously described primers and methods (1,2). In all cases, a single ~1-kb PCR fragment was revealed, and PCR fragments from four samples were selected for direct sequencing. All sequences showed high levels (>99%) of nucleotide identity with SqVYV sequences from Florida (JF897989, JF897985, and JF897984). Sequences of the SqVYV CP gene from Puerto Rico were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers KC713961 to KC713964. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SqVYV in Puerto Rico associated with WVD syndrome in cucurbits, and thus has implications for management of viral diseases of watermelon in the Caribbean. This is also the first detection of SqVYV outside of the continental United States in both watermelon and a wild species, M. charantia (bitter gourd). References: (1) S. Adkins et al. Phytopathology 97:145, 2007. (2) S. Adkins et al. Plant Dis. 92:1119, 2008. (3) C. Estévez de Jensen et al. Phytopathology 98:S52, 2008. (4) L. Polanco-Florián. El marchitamiento súbito de la sandía [Citrullus lanatus (Thumb.) Matsum & Nakai]. M.S. thesis, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, PR, 2009.
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Ribeiro, Daniela Maura. "Regina Silveira e a mídia impressa: a série Middle Class & Co., 1971-72." Domínios da Imagem 14, no. 26 (July 31, 2020): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/2237-9126.2020v14n26p65.
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A série Middle Class & Co., de Regina Silveira, é composta por um álbum de 15 serigrafias, realizado em 1971, e por serigrafias avulsas, feitas no ano seguinte, ambos no Recinto Universitário de Mayagüez, da Universidade de Porto Rico, onde a artista lecionou de 1969 a 1973. Nas serigrafias dessa série, Silveira faz uso da mesma imagem fotográfica de uma multidão proveniente da mídia impressa, que na época veiculava com frequência tanto imagens de multidões em protestos quanto da Guerra do Vietnã. Neste artigo pretende-se discutir o papel que a mídia impressa tem nessa série de Regina Silveira como fonte da imagem fotográfica, tornada elemento conceitual da obra no contexto da arte conceitual, e repertório para a reflexão sobre questões sociais e políticas.
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RHYNE, ANDREW L., RICARDO CALADO, and ANTONINA DOS SANTOS. "Lysmata jundalini, a new peppermint shrimp (Decapoda, Caridea, Hippolytidae) from the Western Atlantic." Zootaxa 3579, no. 1 (December 11, 2012): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3579.1.4.
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A new peppermint shrimp species, Lysmata jundalini sp. nov., is described based on five specimens collected in shallowsubtidal waters on Enrique Reef at the University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Isla, Magueyes Laboratories. Lysmata jund-alini sp. nov. was identified from fresh material collected at the reef crest and back reef among coral rubble in June 2005and April 2009. The new species is most closely related to the Atlantic Lysmata intermedia and eastern Pacific L. holthu-isi. It can be readily distinguished from all those in the genus Lysmata by its color pattern, the presence of a well developedaccessory branch, the number of free vs. fused segments of the accessory branch, the number of carpal segments of the second pereiopod and well developed pterygostomian tooth.
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Gilbes, Fernando, José M. López, and Paul M. Yoshioka. "Spatial and temporal variations of phytoplankton chlorophyll a and suspended particulate matter in Mayagüez Bay, Puerto Rico." Journal of Plankton Research 18, no. 1 (1996): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/18.1.29.
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Stark, David M. "Failure to Show Reverence to the Dead: Death and Dying in Late Eighteenth-Century Mayagüez, Puerto Rico." Journal of Caribbean History 51, no. 2 (2017): 113–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jch.2017.0006.
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Alto, PhD, Michelle E., Andel V. Nicasio, PhD, Regan Stewart, PhD, Tania D. Rodríguez-Sanfiorenzo, PhD, Gisela González-Elías, PhD, and Rosaura Orengo-Aguayo, PhD. "Provision of mental health services immediately following a natural disaster: Experiences after Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico." Journal of Emergency Management 19, no. 8 (September 1, 2021): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.0634.
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Objective: The increased risk of mental health disorders in the months and years following a natural disaster highlights the need for more immediate preventive intervention. The objective of the current study was to learn from a real-time implementation of a natural disaster response following the Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico to identify strategies for providing mental health services immediately after a natural disaster.Methods: Two focus groups were held with faculty (n = 6) and graduate students (n = 4) from a graduate psychology program at the Universidad Carlos Albizu, Centro Universitario Mayagüez. An additional key informant interview was conducted with two faculty member participants. Data were analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis.Results: The delivery of mental health services was organized into three major themes: (1) finding a way to communicate, (2) targeting key access points for outreach and centralization of resources, and (3) providing triaged mental health care based on level of need.Conclusions: Findings are used to guide recommendations for mental health response preparation in future natural disaster contexts.
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De Hoyos-Ruperto, Moraima, Cristina Pomales-García, Agnes Padovani, and O. Marcelo Suárez. "An Entrepreneurship Education Co-Curricular Program to Stimulate Entrepreneurial Mindset in Engineering Students." MRS Advances 2, no. 31-32 (2017): 1673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.109.
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ABSTRACTThere is a need to expand the fundamental skills in science and engineering to include innovation & entrepreneurship (I&E) skills as core competencies. To better prepare the future Nanotechnology workforce, the University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez Nanotechnology Center, broadened the educational content beyond traditional skills in science and engineering. The Center, offers a rich educational program for materials and nano scientists that aims to create the next generation of knowledgeable, experienced professionals, and successful entrepreneurs, who can develop value-added innovations that can spur economic growth and continue to impact the quality of life for society. Within the educational program an Entrepreneurship Education Co-Curricular Program (EEP) incorporates I&E training into the Materials Science, Nanotechnology, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) faculty and student experiences. The EEP consists of a two-year series of workshops that seek to develop an entrepreneurial mindset, including five key topics: 1) Generation of Ideas, 2) Entrepreneurial Vision, 3) Early Assessment of Ideas, 4) Identification of Opportunities, and 5) Strategic Thinking. The EEP goals, target audience, and implementation strategy, is described with an evaluation tool to assess the program’s success in developing an entrepreneurial mindset.
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Garcia, Yuly V., Oscar Garzon, Fabio Andrade, Agustin Irizarry, and Omar F. Rodriguez-Martinez. "Methodology to Implement a Microgrid in a University Campus." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 30, 2022): 4563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094563.
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This paper presents the method we followed to design a microgrid at a university campus based on available resources. Due to introduction of renewable resources to produce energy, a methodology that allows design a microgrid in a university campus is very useful. Hence, we present a series of steps that must be carried out to estimate the resource to be used, the installation, area needed, and the capacity of the systems needed are also described. In addition, the models of the distributed resources that constitutes the microgrid are presented and explained. To validate the proposed methodology, simulations were performed using Opal-RT-LAb. As a test scenario we selected the Mayagüez campus of the University of Puerto Rico where we conducted analysis of the available resource and capacity of the systems is needed to satisfy demand of critical loads, considering a predetermined number of days of austerity. Our study results in determination of dimensions, cost and effectiveness of the microgrid. Simulations results also show that the proposed microgrid satisfy demand with the same reliability, or better, than the traditional electrical network. Additionally, the best options for this purpose are photovoltaic, batteries, and combined heat and power, if the technological advances and availability of resources to the date for Puerto Rico are considered.
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Cruzado, Ivette. "Switching to Virtual Classes Due to Covid-19: Correlation and Panel Data Analyses for Modeling Students’ Academic Performance." Journal of e-learning Research 1, no. 3 (July 24, 2022): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/jelr.v1i3.85.
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Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the education institutions were required to transform their traditional teaching methods (face-to-face classes) to online courses. In Puerto Rico, news outlets expressed a national concern regarding this teaching style as there was an increase in the percentage of students who failed their academic semester. Based on a previous research, this study aimed to identify if students’ attitudes towards a course was correlated to their grades, rather than the fact that the class was taught in a virtual setting. Information about number of times the students viewed the material as well as the day they decided to work on the course were retrieved from students enrolled in a Statistics course during the Spring 2021 semester at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez. Correlation analyses, as well as panel data models, suggested that the only variable that influences students’ performance is the amount of time that has elapsed for them to work on the course. The results were then validated with a Transportation Engineering related course. Although it may be the case that students were not ready for the transition from the traditional classroom to virtual classes, there is no evidence that online education is linked to poor student performance.
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Hosannah, Nathan, Hamed Parsiani, and Jorge E. González. "The Role of Aerosols in Convective Processes during the Midsummer Drought in the Caribbean." Advances in Meteorology 2015 (2015): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/261239.
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Saharan dust (SD) heavily impacts convective precipitation in the Caribbean. To better understand the role of SD in precipitation development during the midsummer drought (MSD), an observational campaign, centered at the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico (18.21 N, 67.13 W), between 3 June and 15 July 2014, was conducted in order to select a range of atmospheric conditions to be simulated using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) cloud resolving model under “no SD” and “SD” conditions. The events included one dry day with moderate-heavy SD, one localized moderate rainfall event with moderate SD, one island-wide light precipitation event with heavy SD, and one island-wide heavy precipitation event with light-moderate SD. Model results show that (1) precipitation results are improved when compared with observation with the presence of SD, (2) precipitation, cloud fraction, dew point temperatures, and humidity are significantly reduced under SD conditions, (3) precipitation can occur when SD is removed for a dry day, (4) there is evidence of rain being delayed due to the presence of SD without rainfall intensity or accumulation increases, (5) liquid mixing ratio increases of up to 1.4 g kg−1occur in the absence of SD, and (6) vertical wind increases of up to 0.8 m s−1occur in the absence of SD.
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Neis J. Martínez, Jaime A. Acosta, and Nico M. Franz. "Estructura de la fauna de escarabajos (Insecta: Coleoptera) en bosques remanentes del oeste de Puerto Rico." Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico 93, no. 1-2 (April 1, 2009): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v93i1-2.2756.
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Se estudió la riqueza y abundancia de familias de escarabajos en dos fragmentos de bosques sucesionales en localidades cercanas en el campus de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Mayagüez (UPRM), en el oeste de Puerto Rico. El periodo de estudio se extendió de abril a diciembre de 2005, e incluyó nueve repeticiones mensuales de muestreos cuantitativos usando trampas necrófilas, de caída y de luz. Se obtuvo un total de 30 familias de escarabajos—48% de las familias reportadas para la Isla—y 38,126 individuos. La variación entre sitios fue baja, ya que en ambos sitios dominaron escarabajos pertenecientes a las familias Curculionidae, Nitidulidae, Staphylinidae, Scarabaeidae, e Hydrophilidae (en orden de abundancia). Estas familias representan un rango amplio de hábitos alimenticios y en conjunto constituyeron más del 93% de las muestras. Las trampas de luz fueron las más efectivas para obtener la mayor diversidad muestreada de escarabajos. La abundancia de la mayoría de los grupos se correlacionó con los cambios estacionales climáticos y la disponibilidad de recursos, y llegó a su máximo a mediados de la época lluviosa en agosto. En resumen, los fragmentos de bosque del campus UPRM albergan una fauna de escarabajos sorprendentemente diversa y dinámica. Se requiere de evaluaciones más amplias de las comunidades de coleópteros residentes en bosques sucesionales de Puerto Rico para caracterizar y preservar estos habitats valiosos.
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Izquierdo, Jorge Tito, Leandro Rodriguez Agrait, and Benjamĺn Colucci Rĺos. "Structural Evaluation and Analysis of Instrumented In-Service Concrete Pavements Subjected to Heavy Dynamic Loads." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1568, no. 1 (January 1997): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1568-04.
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A structural evaluation and analysis of instrumented plain portland cement concrete pavement was performed in a rural primary highway subjected to heavy dynamic loads. Two full-scale slabs were constructed and tested to verify the dynamic analysis of the computer program UPR-PAVI2, which was developed at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez using finite elements. It has the capability to analyze the effect of temperature differential, dead load, and dynamic and static trucks on rigid pavements. UPR-PAVI2 can consider different soil stiffness under the slab, the slab geometry, and multiple trucks and their longitudinal paths, velocities, stiffnesses, geometries, and load distributions. The instrumented slabs included both doweled and undoweled. Their material properties were obtained through laboratory and field tests. The subbase course consisted of a cut section in limestone bedrock for the doweled slab and borrowed material from limestone rock for the fill section used in the undoweled slab. The base course was composed of two layers of nonerodable black bituminous base. The slabs were constructed with concrete with a compressive strength of 34 MPa (5,000 psi) at 28 days. A loaded truck generated the established repetitions by moving over the instrumented slabs at different velocities, producing static and dynamic deflections that were measured with a data acquisition system. The replication and behavior of the response were analyzed, and the validated data were compared with the response obtained using UPR-PAVI2. The results obtained from this simulation were in good agreement with the field data.
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Gipson, Terry A., Roger C. Merkel, Abner Rodriguez, and John Fernandez. "Knowledge Transfer in Online Meat and Dairy Goat Certification Programs in English and Spanish." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab096.013.
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Abstract In 2020, on-line courses in Spanish (SP) for dairy (D) and meat (M) goat producers were unveiled (http://certification.goats.langston.edu). These courses complemented the existing courses in English (EN) for D and M. Thirty-one undergraduate and one graduate animal science students at the University of Puerto Rico (UPR), Mayagüez enrolled in the SP courses for beta-testing. Nineteen students completed D-SP, 9 completed M-SP, and 4 completed both. Participants take a pre-test (PRE) and if the PRE score < 85%, a post-test (POST) is required. To complete D, passing scores are required on 18 required modules and 7 of 10 electives. To complete M, passing scores are required on 21 required modules and 9 of 12 electives. A random sample of previous participants (23 D-EN and 13 M-EN) in the same time length (86 ± 18.2 d) was added to the UPR dataset. The objective of this study is to evaluate the difference (DIFF) between PRE and POST scores as a measure of knowledge transfer. Mixed model analysis was conducted with the dependent variable of DIFF, the independent variables of course (D or M), language (EN or SP), the two-way interaction, and participant as the random effect. There were significant course (P > 0.01) and language (P > 0.05) effects on DIFF. M had lower DIFF than D (29.0% vs 34.1%) and EN had lower DIFF than SP (29.2% vs 34.0%). When required module within course (18 for D and 21 for M) was added to the model to examine specific module differences, there was a significant course(module)*language interaction (P > 0.01) with values ranging from 15.6% for Preventive Herd Health in EN M to 45.1% for Milking Systems in SP D. Participant background and language may play a role in knowledge transfer for online courses; however, a larger sample would be needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Quiroz, Deymar, Deynalia Quiroz, Francisco J. Bognanno, and Melania Marin. "Prevalencia de síndrome metabólico y factores de riesgo en la etnia Kariña, estado Bolívar, Venezuela." Revista Cientifica Ciencia Medica 21, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.51581/rccm.v21i1.88.
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Introducción: El Síndrome Metabólico involucra factores de riesgos en conjunto: hipertensión arterial, obesidad, dislipidemia y resistencia a la insulina, que favorecen el desarrollo de enfermedades cerebrovasculares, cardiovasculares y diabetes. Objetivo general: Determinar la prevalencia del Síndrome Metabólico y sus factores de riesgo en individuos de la etnia Kariña (Mayo 2013 – Mayo 2014). Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y corte transversal; en un universo de 203 individuos; y una muestra de 120 individuos (18-85 años) de la etnia Kariña de la Comunidad de Mayagua, Estado Bolívar, Venezuela. En todos ellos, el perfil lipídico se analizó mediante el método colorimétrico. La glicemia se cuantificó con glucómetro previo ayuno de 12 horas. Se utilizaron los criterios diagnósticos de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes, Asociación Latinoamericana de Diabetes y Panel III de Tratamiento de Adultos. Resultados: La prevalencia del síndrome metabólico fue según la Federación Internacional de Diabetes 46,67%, la Asociación Latinoamericana de Diabetes 39,17%, y Panel III de Tratamiento de Adultos 38,33%, el índice de concordancia de Kappa (k) entre Panel III de tratamiento de Adultos y Federación Internacional de Diabetes indica una fuerza de concordancia considerable, dicho índice entre Panel III de Tratamiento de Adultos y Asociación Latinoamericana de Diabetes denota una fuerza de concordancia casi perfecta al igual que el índice entre Asociación Latinoamericana de Diabetes y Federación Internacional de Diabetes. Conclusión: Se halló alta prevalencia de síndrome metabólico según criterios de Asociación Latinoamericana de Diabetes, Federación Internacional de Diabetes y Panel III de Tratamiento de Adultos; con predominio en el género femenino y en individuos mayores de 50 años.
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Salgado-Cruz, Omayra, Nelybeth Santiago-Yance, Mirza Rivera-Lugo, and Guillermo Tortolero-Luna. "Abstract B060: Increasing breast and cervical cancer knowledge in the COVID-19 pandemic in the health system." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 1_Supplement (January 1, 2023): B060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp22-b060.
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Abstract The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that for the month of In April 2020, screening tests for breast cancer decreased by 87% and for cervical cancer by 84% compared to the previous 5-year averages for that month. In response to this finding, the Puerto Rico Breast and Cervical Cancer Prevention and Early Detection Program (PR-BCCPEDP) in collaboration with the insurer Triple S-Salud, implemented a virtual educational intervention and/or face-to-face for breast and cervical cancer in the health centers where Triple-S Salud insurer provides services. The purpose of this initiative was aimed at strengthen knowledge in the early detection of breast and cervical cancer, increase the use of screening tests in the population of interest, and increase the reach of women who do not have health insurance who can qualify for the Program. Methodology: The PR-BCCPEDP entered into a collaborative agreement with the insurer Triple-S Salud to implement an educational intervention for breast and cervical cancer in 12 primary health centers around the island. In the period from October to December 2020, 12 health educators from the Triple-S Salud insurer carried out 131 educational activities with the participation of 875 participants. The educational activities were carried out in person through educational flip charts and virtually using an educational PowerPoint on both types of cancer. The educational materials included topics related to breast and cervical cancer such as: statistics, risk factors, signs and symptoms, early detection guidelines, myths and facts, and barriers to not having early detection tests. Results: The educational intervention in breast and cervical cancer obtained the following results: A total of 875 participated in the intervention, where 100% were women, with an average age of 50 years and the majority (97%) had coverage from the government health plan. The towns with the most registered participants were Bayamón with 18% and Mayagüez with 16% respectively. The virtual form was the most used by the participants (58%) compared to the face-to-face form. Regarding screening tests for breast and cervical cancer, of 75 women who had overdue the breast cancer guidelines, 20% had a mammogram after the intervention. Similarly, 142 women had overdue the cervical cancer guidelines, and 22.6% were carried out the tests after the intervention. Other hand, of the women, referred to the PR-BCCPEDP, 3% indicated not having health insurance, of which 29.6% were recruited and cared for by the Program. Conclusion: Despite security restrictions as a result of the pandemic, collaborations with a health system helped reach a greater number of women to provide education and awareness about breast and cervical cancer. In addition, it can be inferred that the virtual form allowed for increasing the scope of participation in times of pandemic. Lastly, I also helped reach women without health insurance who were recruited into the Program. Citation Format: Omayra Salgado-Cruz, Nelybeth Santiago-Yance, Mirza Rivera-Lugo, Guillermo Tortolero-Luna. Increasing breast and cervical cancer knowledge in the COVID-19 pandemic in the health system [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B060.
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"Belief systems and decision making in the Mayaguez Crisis." Choice Reviews Online 27, no. 05 (January 1, 1990): 27–2946. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.27-2946.
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"A very short war: the Mayaguez and the Battle of Koh Tang." Choice Reviews Online 33, no. 11 (July 1, 1996): 33–6509. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.33-6509.
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