Relevant bibliographies by topics / MBBR

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'MBBR'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "MBBR"

1

Leyva-Díaz, J. C., and J. M. Poyatos. "Start-up of membrane bioreactor and hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor–membrane bioreactor: kinetic study." Water Science and Technology 72, no. 11 (August 8, 2015): 1948–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.419.

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A hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor–membrane bioreactor (hybrid MBBR-MBR) system was studied as an alternative solution to conventional activated sludge processes and membrane bioreactors. This paper shows the results obtained from three laboratory-scale wastewater treatment plants working in parallel in the start-up and steady states. The first wastewater treatment plant was a MBR, the second one was a hybrid MBBR-MBR system containing carriers both in anoxic and aerobic zones of the bioreactor (hybrid MBBR-MBRa), and the last one was a hybrid MBBR-MBR system which contained carriers only in the aerobic zone (hybrid MBBR-MBRb). The reactors operated with a hydraulic retention time of 30.40 h. A kinetic study for characterizing heterotrophic biomass was carried out and organic matter and nutrients removals were evaluated. The heterotrophic biomass of the hybrid MBBR-MBRb showed the best kinetic performance in the steady state, with yield coefficient for heterotrophic biomass = 0.30246 mg volatile suspended solids per mg chemical oxygen demand, maximum specific growth rate for heterotrophic biomass = 0.00308 h−1 and half-saturation coefficient for organic matter = 3.54908 mg O2 L−1. The removal of organic matter was supported by the kinetic study of heterotrophic biomass.
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Shin, D. H., W. S. Shin, Y. H. Kim, Myung Ho Han, and S. J. Choi. "Application of a combined process of moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and chemical coagulation for dyeing wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 54, no. 9 (November 1, 2006): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.863.

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A combined process consisted of a Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) and chemical coagulation was investigated for textile wastewater treatment. The pilot scale MBBR system is composed of three MBBRs (anaerobic, aerobic-1 and aerobic-2 in series), each reactor was filled with 20% (v/v) of polyurethane-activated carbon (PU-AC) carrier for biological treatment followed by chemical coagulation with FeCl2.In the MBBR process, 85% of COD and 70% of color (influent COD=807.5 mg/L and color=3,400 PtCo unit) were removed using relatively low MLSS concentration and short hydraulic retention time (HRT=44 hr). The biologically treated dyeing wastewater was subjected to chemical coagulation. After coagulation with FeCl2, 95% of COD and 97% of color were removed overall. The combined process of MBBR and chemical coagulation has promising potential for dyeing wastewater treatment.
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Piculell, Maria, Thomas Welander, and Karin Jönsson. "Organic removal activity in biofilm and suspended biomass fractions of MBBR systems." Water Science and Technology 69, no. 1 (October 25, 2013): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.552.

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The moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) wastewater treatment process is usually designed based on the assumption that all activity in the process occurs in the biofilm on the MBBR carriers, although there is always some active biomass in the bulk liquid due to biofilm sloughing and, sometimes, free-growing bacteria. In this study the removal of organic matter is evaluated in laboratory-scale MBBR reactors under varying load, hydraulic retention time (HRT), oxygen concentration and volumetric filling degree of carriers in order to determine the heterotrophic activity in the different fractions of the MBBR biomass. The results showed that the heterotrophic conversions in an MBBR can show the same type of diffusion limited dependency on oxygen as nitrification, even for easily degradable substrates such as acetate. The contribution to the removal from the suspended biomass is shown to vary depending on HRT, as the amount of suspended solids changes. The developed method in this report is a useful tool for determining heterotrophic activity in the separate fractions of biomass in MBBRs.
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Melin, E., T. Leiknes, H. Helness, V. Rasmussen, and H. Ødegaard. "Effect of organic loading rate on a wastewater treatment process combining moving bed biofilm and membrane reactors." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 6-7 (March 1, 2005): 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0664.

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The effect of moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) loading rate on membrane fouling rate was studied in two parallel units combining MBBR and membrane reactor. Hollow fiber membranes with molecular weight cut-off of 30 kD were used. The HRTs of the MBBRs varied from 45 min to 4 h and the COD loading rates ranged from 4.1 to 26.6 g COD m−2 d−1. The trans-membrane pressure (TMP) was very sensitive to fluxes for the used membranes and the experiments were carried out at relatively low fluxes (3.3–5.6 l m−2 h−1). Beside the test with the highest flux, there were no consistent differences in fouling rate between the low- and high-rate reactors. Also, the removal efficiencies were quite similar in both systems. The average COD removal efficiencies in the total process were 87% at 3–4 h HRT and 83% at 0.75–1 h HRT. At high loading rates, there was a shift in particle size distribution towards smaller particles in the MBBR effluents. However, 79–81% of the COD was in particles that were separated by membranes, explaining the relatively small differences in the removal efficiencies at different loading rates. The COD fractionation also indicated that the choice of membrane pore size within the range of 30 kD to 0.1 μm has very small effect on the COD removal in the MBBR/membrane process, especially with low-rate MBBRs.
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Sohail, Noman, Sadia Ahmed, Shinho Chung, and Muhammad Saqib Nawaz. "Performance comparison of three different reactors (MBBR, MBR and MBBMR) for municipal wastewater treatment." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 174 (2020): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2020.24866.

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Banti, Dimitra C., Petros Samaras, Eleni Kostopoulou, Vassiliki Tsioni, and Themistoklis Sfetsas. "Improvement of MBBR-MBR Performance by the Addition of Commercial and 3D-Printed Biocarriers." Membranes 13, no. 8 (July 25, 2023): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13080690.

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Moving bed biofilm reactor combined with membrane bioreactor (MBBR-MBR) constitute a highly effective wastewater treatment technology. The aim of this research work was to study the effect of commercial K1 biocarriers (MBBR-MBR K1 unit) and 3D-printed biocarriers fabricated from 13X and Halloysite (MBBR-MBR 13X-H unit), on the efficiency and the fouling rate of an MBBR-MBR unit during wastewater treatment. Various physicochemical parameters and trans-membrane pressure were measured. It was observed that in the MBBR-MBR K1 unit, membrane filtration improved reaching total membrane fouling at 43d, while in the MBBR-MBR 13X-H and in the control MBBR-MBR total fouling took place at about 32d. This is attributed to the large production of soluble microbial products (SMP) in the MBBR-MBR 13X-H, which resulted from a large amount of biofilm created in the 13X-H biocarriers. An optimal biodegradation of the organic load was concluded, and nitrification and denitrification processes were improved at the MBBR-MBR K1 and MBBR-MBR 13X-H units. The dry mass produced on the 13X-H biocarriers ranged at 4980–5711 mg, three orders of magnitude larger than that produced on the K1, which ranged at 2.9–4.6 mg. Finally, it was observed that mostly extracellular polymeric substances were produced in the biofilm of K1 biocarriers while in 13X-H mostly SMP.
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Wilkinson, Daniel B., Katie L. Jones, Angela J. Walsh, and Laura R. Crisman. "Evaluation of PEG Biodegradability Using MBR and MBBR." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2012, no. 12 (January 1, 2012): 3936–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864712811708662.

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Banti, Dimitra C., Petros Samaras, Afroditi G. Chioti, Anastasios Mitsopoulos, Michail Tsangas, Antonis Zorpas, and Themistoklis Sfetsas. "Improvement of MBBR Performance by the Addition of 3D-Printed Biocarriers Fabricated with 13X and Bentonite." Resources 12, no. 7 (July 10, 2023): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources12070081.

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The current study investigated the performance of a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR), when adding 3D-printed biocarriers fabricated with 13X and bentonite (MBBR 3D), when using K1 commercial biocarriers (MBBR K1) and when not adding biocarriers at all (control MBBR). For the evaluation of the MBBR efficiency, various physicochemical parameters were measured, while biofilm extracted from the biocarriers was evaluated. The findings suggest that there is an optimal biodegradation of the organic load in all MBBR units. The nitrification and denitrification processes were improved in MBBR 3D as compared to the control MBBR and MBBR K1. The dry mass of the biofilm in the 3D-printed biocarriers was two orders of magnitude larger than in the K1 biocarriers. Moreover, in the K1 biocarriers the mass of the biofilm varied in relation to time, since it could not be protected inside the holes, something that did not happen with the 3D-printed biocarriers. Finally, it was found, mostly in MBBR 3D and less in MBBR K1, that the growth of nitrifying bacteria and heterotrophs inside the units increased the biomass production in the form of soluble microbial products, which in turn favored the adhesion of biomass on the surface of biocarriers.
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Rusten, B., B. G. Hellström, F. Hellström, O. Sehested, E. Skjelfoss, and B. Svendsen. "Pilot testing and preliminary design of moving bed biofilm reactors for nitrogen removal at the FREVAR wastewater treatment plant." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 4-5 (February 1, 2000): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0419.

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A moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) pilot plant, using Kaldnes type K1 biofilm carriers, was tested for nitrogen removal at the FREVAR wastewater treatment plant. The pilot plant was fed primary treated municipal wastewater, at temperatures from 4.8 to about 20°C. The results showed that a reasonable design nitrification rate will be 190 g TKN/m3d, at 10°C and a reactor pH≥7.0. Pre-denitrification was very dependent on the concentration of readily biodegradable organic matter and the amount of oxygen in the influent to the first anoxic MBBR. It was found that a MBBR process for nitrogen removal at FREVAR will require a total reactor volume corresponding to an empty bed hydraulic retention time of 4–5 hours at average design influent flow. This was based on an influent concentration of 25 mg total N/l, 70% annual average removal of total N and a treatment process consisting of primary treatment, MBBRs with combined pre- and post-denitrification, and followed by coagulation/flocculation and a final solids separation stage.
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Kängsepp, P., M. Sjölin, A. G. Mutlu, B. Teil, and C. Pellicer-Nàcher. "First full-scale combined MBBR, coagulation, flocculation, Discfilter plant with phosphorus removal in France." Water Practice and Technology 15, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2019.081.

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Abstract The suspended solids (SS) concentrations in effluent from moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) used for secondary biological treatment can be up to 500 mg/L. Microscreens (Drumfilters or Discfilters) can be used as alternatives to traditional clarification or dissolved air flotation to remove SS and total phosphorus (TP). This study shows how a small-scale municipal WWTP for 5,700 population equivalent (PE) can be upgraded to 12,000 PE by combining MBBR with coagulation-flocculation tanks and a Discfilter with a total footprint of 160 m2. This long-term investigation demonstrated that even though influent turbidity (range 146–431 NTU) and flow (25–125 m3/h) varied considerably, very low effluent turbidities (below 10 NTU) could be achieved continuously. Furthermore, this compact treatment system can provide average reductions of ammonium (NH4-N) from 19 to 0.04 mg/L, COD from 290 to 10 mg/L, and TP from 4.5 to 0.3 mg/L. The results show that effluent requirements can be reached by combining MBBR, coagulation-flocculation and disc filtration at full scale, without a primary clarifier upstream of MBBR.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "MBBR"

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Berry, N. D. "Process modelling of the MBBR AS hybrid process." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273470.

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Pinho, Margarida Louro da Fonseca. "Aplicabilidade do reactor MBBR no tratamento de efluentes vínicos." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/539.

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Mestrado em Gestão Ambiental, Materiais e Valorização de Resíduos
O presente trabalho pretendeu analisar a aplicabilidade do reactor do tipo Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) no tratamento de efluentes vínicos. A natureza dos efluentes provenientes das adegas depende da região e do tipo de vinho processado e, para além disso, a sua quantidade e a qualidade variam significativamente ao longo do ano. Os principais objectivos deste trabalho foram analisar a aplicabilidade do reactor MBBR no tratamento de efluentes vínicos a operar com um tempo de retenção hidráulico de 24 horas, comparar o desempenho de reactores quando são utilizados meios de enchimento com características diferentes, comparar o desempenho de reactores com e sem recirculação de lamas e analisar o comportamento hidráulico deste tipo de reactores com e sem a presença de biomassa. Foram realizados ensaios em cinco reactores à escala laboratorial, em que quatro deles tinham enchimento, dos quais dois operaram com recirculação de lamas e os outros dois sem recirculação. O quinto reactor simulou um reactor de lamas activadas convencional com recirculação de lamas. Utilizaram-se dois tipos de enchimento, o Bioflow 9 e o Bioflow 40. Os modelos de escoamento hidráulico dos diferentes reactores foram determinados recorrendo a ensaios de tracer com e sem a presença de biomassa. Os ensaios efectuados demonstraram que os reactores que possuem enchimento têm comportamentos hidráulicos idênticos, sendo ambos caracterizados por modelos de mistura perfeita com zonas mortas e a percentagem de zonas mortas diminui nos ensaios realizados com biomassa (35-36% de zonas mortas para 10-12% de zonas mortas), concluindo-se que o grau de mistura melhora com a existência de biomassa. O reactor de lamas activadas foi caracterizado, em ambos os ensaios, pelo modelo de mistura perfeita com zonas mortas e curto-circuito, havendo uma ligeira alteração dos parâmetros quando o reactor opera com biomassa (28% de zonas mortas, 9% de curto-circuito para 26% de zonas mortas e 10% de curto-circuito). No presente estudo verificou-se que as condições limite de operação dos reactores foram alcançadas para um TRH de 24 h, 50% da altura do reactor com enchimento Bioflow 9 e o CQOalimentação = 8000 mg.L-1 (8,0. kgCQO.m-3.d- 1). Nestas condições o efluente tratado apresentou um CQOsolúvel = 1500 mg.L-1 correspondente a uma percentagem de remoção de CQO de 81%. Verificou-se também que para todos os reactores e em todas as condições operatórias testadas até à carga orgânica 6,5 kgCQO.m-3.d-1, a percentagem de remoção de CQO foi superior a 90%. Os resultados mais elevados registaram-se na carga 6,0 kgCQO.m-3.d-1, com valores próximos de 98%. Os valores de CQOsolúvel do efluente tratado nos diferentes reactores não ultrapassaram os 150 mg.L-1 até à carga 6,0 kgCQO.m-3.d-1, verificando-se um aumento significativo em cargas superiores. Concluiu-se que a recirculação de biomassa suspensa não exerce efeitos positivos na eficiência dos reactores, no entanto durante o período de arranque diminui significativamente o tempo de estabilização dos mesmos. ABSTRACT: The present study intended to evaluate the applicability of a MBBR reactor for the treatment of winery wastewaters. The wastewater originated in wine cellars strongly depends on the region and the type of wine processed and also its quantity and quality changes substantially during the year. The aims of this experimental study were to analyse the applicability of a MBBR reactor for the winery wastewater treatment operating with a hydraulic retention time of 24 hours, to compare the performance of reactors when different packing bed materials were used, to compare the performance of reactors with and without sludge recycling, and finally to examine the hydraulic behaviour of each reactor with and without biomass. Experiments were conducted with five lab-scale reactors where four had packing material, two operating with sludge recycling, two without it and a fifth reactor simulated a conventional activated sludge system. Two types of carrier elements were used, the Bioflow 9 and the Bioflow 40. The hydraulic flow models for the five reactors were determined recoursing to experimental studies with tracer elements in the presence and in the absence of biomass. Tracer studies demonstrated that the reactors filled with carrier elements had identical flow models and behaved as complete mixing reactors with dead spaces. The fraction of dead spaces decreases in experiments with biomass (35-36% of dead spaces to 10-12% of dead spaces), concluding that the degree of mixture improves in the presence of biomass. The activated sludge flow model was characterized, in both cases, as complete mixing reactor with dead spaces and short-circuiting with a slightly difference on the parameters in the presence of biomass (28% of dead spaces, 9% of short-circuiting to 26% of dead spaces and 10% of short-circuiting). In the present study it was verified that the limit operation conditions of the reactors were reached for a HRT of 24 h, 50% of the reactor volume packed with Bioflow 9 and a CODfeed= 8000 mg.L-1 (8,0 kgCOD.m-3.d-1). At this operational conditions the treated wastewater had a CODsoluble = 1500 mg.L-1 corresponding to a COD removal rate of 81%. It was also verified that for all the reactors and in all the operation conditions up to the organic load applied of 6,5 kgCOD.m-3.d-1, the COD removal rate was higher than 90%. The highest results were obtained at an organic load of 6,0 kgCOD.m-3.d-1 with values near 98%. The COD soluble values of the treated winery wastewater in the different reactors didn’t exceed 150 mg.L-1 up to an organic load of 6,0 kgCOD.m-3.d-1, and for higher loads a significant increase was verified. The sludge recycling doesn’t affect in a positive way the efficiency of the reactors, although during the start-up phase the reduction of the stabilization time was significant.
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Lanko, Iryna. "Anaerobic acidification of cheese-whey in the MBBR reactor." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/7456.

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Mestrado em Estudos Ambientais
In this study cheese-whey conversion into VFAs as a source for biopolymers production was investigated. Cheese-whey was chosen due to its high organic content being a by-product from the cheese production factory, as a part of valorisation methodology for industrial waste streams. Cheese-whey acidification process was used as an alternative to the waste treatment technologies. To study the acidification of cheese-whey, a set of experiments was carried out to produce short-chain volatile fatty acids (VFAs), in order to find out its ratio to the total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD) of feed present in the reactor. The proportional amounts of Acetic, Propionic and i-Butyric acids towards the rest of the VFAs were also important in order to evaluate the MBBR efficiency for different operational parameters such as hydraulic retention time (HRT), alkalinity and organic load rate applied (OLR). To fulfil these goals the mass balances of the system were performed. The maximum production rates of Acetic, Propionic and i-Butyric acids associated with simultaneous changes in OLR and alkalinity at a constant HRT of 12 h, were investigated (70% and 65% of total VFAs produced – at Phases 0 and 4, respectively). The degree of acidification of cheese-whey to the short-chain VFAs was about 33% and 27% of the influent COD concentration, at Phases 0 and 4, respectively. The optimum operational conditions under study where the maximum production rates of Acetic, Propionic and i-Butyric acids occurred were at an alkalinity of 3.6 gCaCO3/L and an OLR = 35 gCOD/L*d (Phase 4). At this optimum conditions for acids production, the average rate of COD removal was equal to 20% and the rate of methane production was equal to zero.
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Boyle, Kellie. "Optimization of Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) Operation for Brewery Wastewater Treatment." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39147.

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The significant rise in the number of micro-breweries in North America has increased the need for efficient on-site industrial wastewater facilities. Brewery wastewater is considered to be a high strength food industry wastewater with high variability in terms of both organic and hydraulic loading. Small breweries require cost-effective, reliable, and simple to operate treatment technologies to properly manage their brewery wastewaters. Moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) technology has shown promise at the lab-scale and full-scale with respect to brewery effluent treatment. MBBR systems have the capability for short hydraulic retention times (HRT), high organic loading rates, as well as increased treatment capacity and stability due to biofilm retention, all within a compact reactor size when compared to other aerobic and attached growth treatment options. Two MBBR systems utilizing two different carrier types (Kaldnes K5 and Kontakt), and a suspended growth (SG) control reactor, were used in this study to investigate the impacts of surface area loading rate (SALR) and HRT on attached growth (AG) and SG kinetics and carrier type for brewery wastewater at 2000 mg-sCOD/L. An increase in SALR from 10-55 g-sCOD/m2/d while at an HRT of 12 hr resulted in no significant impact in total volumetric removal rates between the MBBR systems and the SG control reactor; however, MLSS concentrations were lower for the MBBR systems at SALRs below 55 g-sCOD/m2/d, which indicated AG contribution. Over 92% soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) removal was achieved at each SALR in each of the three reactors. These results indicated that the reactors were substrate limited and SG controlled. Due to the SG dependency, the difference between the two types of carriers was indeterminate. A decrease in HRT from 12-3 hr while maintaining an SALR of 40 g-sCOD/m2/d resulted in a shift from SG to AG dependency in the MBBR systems. The total volumetric removal rates for the MBBR systems were significantly higher at HRTs of 3 and 4 hr as compared to the SG control reactor. The AG volumetric removal rates from both MBBR systems were highest at an HRT of 3 and 4 hr. At an HRT of 12 hr all three reactors maintained over 92% sCOD removal; however, at an HRT of 4 hr the SG control reactor dropped to 88% and at 3 hr to 61%, whereas the MBBR systems maintained 95% removal at an HRT of 4 hr and only decreased to 73% at 3 hr. These results indicated that the MBBR systems were more effective at lower HRT than the SG control reactor, with no significant difference observed between the two carrier types tested. Biofilm morphology and viability from each of the two carriers utilized in the study of moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) treatment of brewery wastewater were investigated using stereoscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in combination with live/dead cell staining. Both carriers demonstrated thicker and more viable biofilms at high SALR and denser and less viable biofilms at low SALR. At lower HRT, the carriers reacted differently resulting in thicker, but less dense biofilms on the Kontakt carriers and thinner, but more dense biofilms on the K5 carriers. However, no trend in cell viability was observed with change in HRT. Although the systems were suspended growth (SG) dominated, based on the MBBR kinetics and carrier biofilm morphology and cell viability, either carrier would be a viable choice for an MBBR treating brewery wastewater at HRTs between 4 to 12 hr and SALRs between 10-55 g-sCOD/m2/d.
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Bergqvist, Liv. "Förbehandling av skogsindustriellt avloppsvatten i pilotskala : Fluidiserad biofilmsprocess, robust försteg till luftad damm." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörs- och kemivetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-43563.

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Skogsindustriellt avloppsvatten behöver genomgå flertalet reningsprocesser innan det kan återföras till recipient. Vid Stora Ensos bruk i Skoghall används en luftad damm med slamåterföring som biologisk rening. Extraktivämnen i avloppsvatten försvårar luftning i dammen och problem med reningen kan uppstå då kommande skärpta utsläppskrav ska efterföljas från och med 2018. För att möjliggöra en kommande produktionsökning samtidigt som skärpta utsläppskrav följs driver nu Stora Enso ett investeringsprojekt för att effektivisera avloppsvattenreningen. En utredning ska genomföras med syfte att redovisa om ett försteg till den luftade dammen i form av en MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor) skulle kunna underlätta rening i den luftade dammen. Om så är fallet kan en ökad produktion vara möjlig utan att ändra på dagens luftade damm samtidigt som utsläppsvillkor uppfylls. Detta är en fortsatt utredning av Karin Arvsells arbete som undersökte MBBR och luftad damm i labbskala. Stora skillnader mellan dessa arbeten är att vatten direkt från produktionen kontinuerligt går till försteget och att temperaturen i reaktorn inte regleras utan beror av vilka vattenflöden som skickas till luftad damm. En pilotanläggning byggdes upp på Stora Enso Skoghalls bruk där en Cipax-tank användes som reaktor och en bottenluftare byggdes på plats av en membranslang från luftad damm. Ett delflöde av det totala avloppsflödet till luftad damm leddes till reaktorn. Slang för inflöde gick in i botten av tanken för att bidra till omblandningen, resterande omblandning stod luftarsystemet för. Tanken var fylld med 800 liter vatten som reagerade med mikroorganismer växande som en biofilm på bärare. Uppehållstiden varierades med hjälp av en manuell ventil. För att utreda hur robust försteget är i förhållande till produktionsvariationer har TOC- och kloratreduktion analyserats samtidigt som tester har genomförts på ytaktiva ämnen, närsalter, SÄ, temperatur, VFA, SVI, EDTA, HRT och syrehalt. Luftningsförsök för att utreda hur effektiviteten på syresättningen påverkas av ett försteg samt kartläggning av mikroorganismer genomfördes. Pilotförsöken delades upp i tre olika försöksperioder. Under de 19 första dagarna genomfördes testperiod 1 där vattnet luftades i reaktorn utan bärare. Försöksperiod 2 var 45 dagar lång där avloppsvattnet reagerade med mikroorganismer växande som en biofilm på bärare. Försöksperiod 3 som var 16 dagar lång inleddes med att reaktorn isolerades. Utformningen av försöksperiod 3 är ett resultat av provsvar från försöksperiod 2 där det framkom att temperaturen sjönk nämnvärt under de timmar vattnet befann sig i reaktorn. Testperiod 2 visade reduktion av samtliga parametrar med en medelreduktion av TOC på 40 % och 86 % reduktion av klorat. Vid ytspänningsanalys visades en högre ytspänning på utgående vatten vilket tyder på att ytaktiva ämnen brutits ner. Detta underlättar luftningen vilket sågs tydligare efter luftningsförsök på ingående och utgående vatten där hastigheten för syretransporten dubblerades. Både frisimmande organismer och protozoer i form av klockdjur och toffeldjur hittades i vattnet. I samband med uppstart av testperiod 3 var CTMP-produktion och blekeri stoppat vilket ledde till att kvarvarande avloppsflöde hade en ingående temperatur på 51°C. Den höga temperaturen och det förändrade innehållet i avloppet samtidigt som reaktorn isolerades bidrog till att mikroorganismerna slogs ut. Klorat reducerades med 93 % och TOC reducerades med 19 %. Reduktionsgrader av övriga parametrar var lägre än tidigare och vid luftningsförsök visades ingen förbättring av syretransporten. Reduktionsgrader har varierat från dag till dag men då rimliga orsaker är kända kan resultaten anses trovärdiga, vilket innebär att ett biologiskt försteg i form av en MBBR som hanterar inkommande avloppsvatten med dess varierande temperatur kan underlätta rening för luftad damm. Ytaktiva ämnen bryts ner under den korta reaktionstiden i försteget och syretransporten dubbleras. Vid produktionsstörningar kan termofila förhållanden råda istället för mesofila som är fallet vid normalproduktion. Detta kan slå ut mikroorganismerna vilket påverkar avloppsvattenreningen negativt. För att lösa problemet kan eventuellt varma flöden ledas direkt till luftad damm eller att genom kylning hålla ingående temperatur under 45°C.
Paper mill wastewater passes through several different purification steps before being reintroduced to the recipient. Stora Enso paper mill in Skoghall uses an aerated lagoon with sludge recirculation as biological treatment. Extractives in wastewater aggravates the aeration in the pond and problems with the purification can occur when stricter emission requirements needs to be followed from 2018. Stora Enso is now running an investment project to improve the efficiency of the wastewater treatment to enable future production growth while stricter emission standards are followed. A pre-treatment step before the aerated lagoon designed as a MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor) will be analyzed to present whether it can ease the wastewater treatment in the aerated lagoon or not. If so, production growth could be possible without change the present aerated lagoon while emissions conditions are met. This is a further investigation from Karin Arvsells work that studied a MBBR and aerated lagoon in lab scale. Large differences between these studies are that the wastewater goes to the pre-treatment continuously and the temperature is not regulated. A pilot plant was built at Stora Enso Skoghall mill where a Cipax-tank was used as a reactor and an aerator was built with membrane from the aerated lagoon. A partial flow of the total wastewater flow to the aerated lagoon was passed to the reactor at the bottom of the tank. The incoming wastewater and the aerator mixed 800 liters of water with the microorganisms growing as a biofilm on the carriers. The hydraulic retention time was controlled with a manual valve. TOC- and chlorate reduction, extractives, nitrogen, phosphorus, suspended solids, temperature, VFA, SVI, EDTA, HRT and oxygen content are analyzed to find out how robust the pre-treatment is. Tests were made to analyze how effective the oxygen dissolves after a pre-treatment and to identify the microorganisms in the wastewater. The experiments were divided into three different periods. Under the first 19 days was trial 1 performed where the water reacted in the MBBR without carriers. Trial 2 was 45 days long and the wastewater was pre-treated with microorganisms growing on carriers. Trial 3 lasted for 16 days and then the wastewater was treated in an isolated tank with carriers. The design of trial 3 was a result of the test results from trial 2 where the temperature dropped significantly during the hours the wastewater was treated in the reactor. Trial 2 showed reduction of all parameters with an average reduction of 40 % of TOC and 86 % reduction of chlorate. Surface tension analysis demonstrated a higher surface tension after the pre-treatment step which indicates that extractives were decomposed. The higher surface tension will ease the aeration in the aerated lagoon which was shown in the aeration tests were the rate of oxygen transport was doubled. Both free-swimming organisms and protozoa were found in the water. At the start of trial 3 the production of CTMP and the bleaching process were stopped. As a result, the remaining wastewater had a temperature of 51°C. The high temperature and the changed content of the wastewater at the same time as the reactor was isolated resulted in an elimination of the microorganisms. Chlorate was reduced by 93 % and TOC by 19 %. The reductions of the other parameters were lower than before and the aeration trials showed no improvement in oxygen transport. The reduction varied from day to day but since reasonable causes are known, the results are considered reliable. This means that a biological pre-treatment step in form of a MBBR can ease the purification in the aerated lagoon. Extractives are decomposed during the short reaction time and the oxygen transport is duplicated. If the production is disrupted, thermophilic conditions may occur instead of mesophilic conditions which are the normal setting. This may eliminate the microorganisms which affect the wastewater treatment negatively. To solve the problem, the hot water could be led directly to the aerated lagoon or by cooling the water keep the incoming temperature under 45°C.
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Fujii, Fábio Yugo. "Análise comparativa entre o processo de lodo ativado e o reator de biofilme de leite móvel na remoção de nitrogênio de esgoto sanitário." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-12122011-134438/.

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O processo de tratamento de esgoto por lodo ativado pode ser adaptado para o recebimento de maior carga orgânica ou para a remoção de nitrogênio por meio da introdução de suportes plásticos móveis, em um processo conhecido por IFAS Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge. O objetivo do projeto é avaliar comparativamente os desempenhos dos sistemas de lodo ativado e IFAS na remoção de matéria orgânica e nitrogênio de esgoto doméstico, associados à variação da idade do lodo com referência na biomassa suspensa. O efeito da adição de suportes plásticos móveis em sistemas existentes de lodo ativado é avaliado como forma de subsidiar análises de viabilidade de emprego dessa solução para a ampliação e adaptação de estações de tratamento de esgotos domésticos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em escala piloto, mantendo dois sistemas em funcionamento em paralelo, um representando um sistema de lodo ativado com remoção de nitrogênio e outro idêntico, exceto para a introdução dos suportes plásticos móveis. Desta forma, foi possível atribuir a diferença nos resultados à presença de biomassa aderida. Foram utilizados elementos suporte com área superficial específica de 300 m²/m³ e fração de enchimento de 50%. Ambos os sistemas foram mantidos em operação estável e eficiente, considerando a remoção de matéria orgânica. No entanto, o sistema IFAS teve melhor desempenho na remoção de nitrogênio em todas as fases experimentais, confirmando as vantagens antecipadas. Os resultados foram verificados em termos de taxas de aplicação previstas para cada porção de biomassa, de acordo com as idades do lodo estudadas.
The activated sludge wastewater treatment process can be retrofitted to either receive larger organic loads or for nitrogen removal by introducing plastic media carriers, in a process known as IFAS Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge. The project aims to comparatively assess the performances of activated sludge and IFAS systems in removing organic matter and nitrogen from domestic sewage, associated to the variation of the sludge age with reference to the suspended biomass. The effect of adding plastic media carriers on existing activated sludge systems is evaluated as a subsidy for prefeasibility analysis of using this solution for the upgrading and retrofitting of municipal wastewater treatment plants. The study was developed on a pilot scale, operating two systems in parallel, representing an activated sludge system with nitrogen removal and another identical system except for the introduction of plastic media carriers. Thus, it was possible to assign the difference in results to the presence of attached biomass. Carriers were used with 300 m²/m³ specific surface area and 50% filling fraction. Both systems were kept under stable and efficient operation considering the removal of organic matter. However, the IFAS system had better performance at removing nitrogen in all experimental phases, confirming the anticipated advantages. The results were verified in terms of application rates expected for each portion of biomass in accordance with the sludge ages studied.
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Jonfelt, Clara. "An evaluation of an MBBR anammox model - sensitivity analysis and calibration." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för beräkningsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-312511.

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This master thesis is about mathematical modelling of the anammox process with a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) for a reject water application. Specifically, the aim of my research was to find out whether the model proposed by Erik Lindblom in (Lindblom et al. 2016) is a good model for this purpose and worth continuous research and optimization. The code for the model, implemented in Matlab/Simulink, was given; although not initially functioning in the given condition. Some modifications needed to be done to make it function properly. In order to confirm that the code was working and used in a correct way some results in (Lindblom et al. 2016) were reproduced. Before starting the evaluation of the model, some much-needed optimizations of the code were done, substantially reducing the run time. A sensitivity analysis was done, and the five most sensitive parameters were picked out to be used in the calibration. The calibration improved the total fit of the model to the available measurements, although one of the model outputs could not be calibrated satisfactorily. In short, I found that although there are still problems left to solve before the model can be stated to accurately model the anammox process with MBBR, it appears promising. Most importantly, more measurement data are needed in order to make a proper validation and to do a better calibration.
CONAN
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Soleimani, Karizmeh Mohsen. "Investigation of Biologically-produced Solids in Moving Bed Bioreactor (MBBR) Treatment Systems." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23494.

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Lower production rate of solids in attached growth moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) systems as compared to conventional activated sludge (AS) systems makes them an attractive choice for municipal wastewater treatment (Ødergaard et al. 1994). However, the production of biologically-produced solids in MBBR systems is currently not well defined and requires additional investigation. Three identical MBBR reactors were operated under the same dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, influent pH and volume of Anoxkalnes media in two different experimental phases. In the first phase, the hydraulic retention time (HRT) kept constant in three reactors and SALR increased and in the second phase, the SALR was the constant parameter while HRT increased. These two phases were implemented to investigate the effect of variations in HRT and SALR on biologically-produced solids in MBBR reactors. This study demonstrated that HRT and SALR play an important role in settling characteristics of the biologically-produced solids in MBBR systems.
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Forrest, Daina. "Tertiary Nitrifying Moving Bed-Biofilm Reactor: A Study of Carrier and Loading Effects on Nitrifying Kinetics, Biologically Produced Solids and Microbial Community." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31425.

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There is an increasing need for tertiary level wastewater treatment in Canada, driven in some cases by both provincial and federal regulation (Canada Gazette, 2012). Tertiary nitrification is the biologically mediated oxidation of nitrogen in the form of ammonia to nitrate following secondary treatment of carbonaceous material (Barnes & Bliss, 1983). The application of tertiary nitrification can prove challenging in the Canadian climate because of the temperature sensitive nature of nitrifiers (Hwang & Oleszkiewicz, 2007). Hence the greater than 1000 lagoon treatment plants currently in operation throughout country are susceptible to the full onslaught of weather effects and as such their nitrification processes become non-existent during the winter months (Delatolla et al., 2011,Hoang et al., 2014). The moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system has been studied and shows promise for continuous nitrification with prolonged exposure to cold temperatures (Hoang et al., 2014). They are marketed as cost effective and low operation intensive upgrade options for existing treatment plants as well as effective stand-alone systems and are currently in operation in many countries worldwide (WEF, 2011). Despite the MBBRs initial development as a nitrification technology, recent research has been focused on COD removal systems. Studies showing that MBBR performance is directly related to surface area loading rates (SALRs) and not carrier type or shape have been performed exclusively on COD removal systems. The influence of MBBR carrier type on system solids production has also been solely studied for COD removal and the principles learnt have been transferred to tertiary nitrification systems without confirmation that they hold true. There is an absence of research on tertiary nitrifying kinetics; the effect of loading and carrier type, the nature of the solids produced and the carrier biofilm characteristics. This study investigated three MBBR carrier types, the K3, M and P Anoxkaldnes carriers in an effort to quantify the effects of carrier type on nitrifying kinetics, biologically – produced solids and the bacterial community at normal and high loading conditions. Four tertiary nitrifying laboratory scale MBBRs were fed with synthetic wastewater and operated at a high loading condition (HLC) with a SALR of 1.89 ± 0.10 g-N/m2•d and a normal loading condition (NLC) with SALR of 0.91 ± 0.1 g-N/m2•d. At both HLC and NLC, results show no difference in the ammonia removal rates obtained by the different carrier types. It was however noticed that stressed operational conditions developed for the P and M carrier at the HLC due to the clogging of carrier pore spaces with biofilm and subsequent reductions in removal efficiency were observed. Despite the fact that larger surface area to volume carriers (such as the M and P) may lead to MBBR designs with smaller footprints and lower operational cost, the study revealed their greater propensity to become clogged under high loading conditions than the smaller surface area carriers (such as the K3 ). In addition the larger surface area carriers demonstrated longer transitional periods from high loading conditions to lower loading conditions. A reduction in effluent total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations and improved solids settleability was observed with the shift from HLC to NLC. These results suggest the avoidance of high loading conditions in tertiary nitrifying MBBR operation. If low loading rates are not achievable then system design may have to consider the incorporation of coagulant use or an advanced solids separation technique to meet effluent solids regulation. Variable pressure scanning electron microscope (VPSEM) images at HLC showed the presence of water mites on the K3 carrier and nematodes and ciliates on the M and P carriers. While NLC images do not show these organisms. VPSEM also measured thicker biofilms during the HLC than the NLC for all carriers. The results demonstrate a difference in the meso-environments and suggest a difference in the micro-environments of the biofilm attached to each carrier. Microbial analysis showed no shifts in the dominant nitrifying species between the loading conditions, as well as no differences in the percent live /dead cell coverage. Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira were identified as the dominant AOB and NOB genera respectively at both the HLC and the NLC. Clear shifts in the microbial populations were observed for specific bacteria; with filamentous bacteria being observed at greater relative abundance at HLC than HLC. The increased relative abundance of filamentous organisms are also associated with the significantly poorer effluent settling characteristics observed at HLC.
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Arabgol, Raheleh. "MBBR Produced Solids: Particle Characteristics, Settling Behaviour and Investigation of Influencing Factors." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41919.

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The separation of solids from biological wastewater treatment is an important step in the treatment process, as it has a significant impact on effluent water quality. The moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) technology is a proven upgrade or replacement wastewater treatment system for carbon and nitrogen removal. However, a challenge of this technology is the characteristics of the effluent solids that results in their poor settlement; with settling being the common method of solids removal. The main objective of this research is to understand and expand the current knowledge on the settling characteristics of MBBR produced solids and the parameters that influence them. In particular, in this dissertation, the impacts are studied of carrier types, biofilm thickness restraint design of carriers, and varying carbonaceous loading rates on MBBR performance, biofilm morphology, biofilm thickness, biofilm mass, biofilm density, biofilm detachment rate, solids production, particle size distribution (PSD) and particle settling velocity distribution (PSVD). With this aim, three MBBR reactors housing three different carrier types were operated with varying loading rates. In order to investigate the effect of carrier geometrical properties on the MBBR system, the conventional, cylindrically-shaped, flat AnoxK™ K5 carrier with protected voids was compared to two newly-designed, saddle-shaped Z-carriers with the fully exposed surface area. Moreover, the AnoxK™ Z-200 carrier was compared to the AnoxK™ Z-400 carrier to evaluate the biofilm thickness restraint design of these carriers, where the Z-200 carrier is designed for greater biofilm thickness-restraint. The Z-200 carrier is designed to limit the biofilm thickness to the level of 200 µm as opposed to 400 µm for the Z-400 carrier. Finally, to investigate the effects of varying carbonaceous loading rates on system removal performance, biofilm characteristics and solids characteristics, further analyses were performed at three different loading rates of 1.5 to 2.5 and 6.0 g-sBOD/m2·d in steady-state conditions. The PSD and the PSVD analyses were combined to relate these two properties. A settling velocity distribution analytical method, the ViCAs, was applied in combination with microscopy imaging and micro-flow imaging to investigate the relation of PSD and settling behaviour of MBBR produced particles. The obtained results have indicated that the carrier type significantly impacted the MBBR performance, biofilm, and particle characteristics. As such, the K5 carrier MBBR system demonstrated a statistically significantly higher carbonaceous removal rate and efficiency (3.8 ± 0.3 g-sBOD/m2·d and 59.9 ± 3.0% sBOD removal), higher biofilm thickness (281.1 ± 8.7 μm), higher biofilm mass per carrier (43.9 ± 1.0 mg), lower biofilm density (65.0 ± 1.5 kg/m3), lower biofilm detachment rate (1.7 ± 0.7 g-TSS/ m2·d) and hence lower solids production (0.7 ± 0.3 g-TSS/d) compared to the two Z-carriers. The Z-carriers' different shape exposes the biofilm to additional shear stress, which could explain why the Z-carriers have thinner and denser biofilm, resulting in higher solids production and lower system performance in comparison with K5. Moreover, the carrier type was also observed to impact the particle characteristics significantly. PSD analysis demonstrated a higher percentage of small particles in the Z-carrier system effluent and hence a significantly lower solids settling efficiency. Therefore, the solids produced in the K5 reactor have shown enhanced settling behaviour, consisting of larger particles with faster settling velocities compared to Z-carriers. This dissertation also investigated the effects of restraint biofilm thickness on MBBR performance by comparing the Z-200 biofilm thickness-restraint carrier to the Z-400 carrier. No significant difference was observed in removal efficiency, biofilm morphology, biofilm density, biofilm detachment rate, and solids production between the Z-200 to the Z-400 carriers. The PSD and the PSVD analyses did not illustrate any significant difference in the particles’ settling behaviour for these two biofilm thickness restraint carriers, indicating that the biofilm thickness-restraint carrier design was not a controlling factor in the settling potential of MBBR produced solids. Finally, this research studied the effect of varying loading rates and demonstrated a positive, strong linear correlation between the measured sBOD loading rate and the removal rate, indicating first-order BOD removal kinetics. The biofilm thickness, biofilm density and biofilm mass decreased when the surface area loading rate (SALR) was increased from 2.5 to 6.0 g-sBOD/m2·d. The solids retention time (SRT) was also shown to decrease by increasing the SALR, where the lowest SRT (1.7 ± 0.1 days) was observed at the highest SALR, with the highest cell viability (81.8 ± 1.7%). Significantly higher biofilm detachment rate and yield were observed at SALR 2.5, with the thickest biofilm and a higher percentage of dead cells. Consequently, a higher fraction of larger and rapidly settling particles was observed at SALR of 2.5 g-sBOD/m2·d, which leads to a significantly better settling behaviour of the MBBR effluent solids. This study expands the current knowledge of MBBR-produced particle characteristics and settling behaviour. A comprehensive understanding of the MBBR system performance and the potential influencing factors on the MBBR produced solids, particle characteristics, and their settleability will lead to optimized MBBR design for future pilot- and full-scale applications of the MBBR.
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Books on the topic "MBBR"

1

Asensi, Matilde. El salo n de a mbar. Barcelona: Planeta, 2006.

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Staar, Richard Felix. Soviet deception at MBFR: A case study. [Stanford, Calif.]: Hoover Institution, Stanford University, 1986.

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Zablotskiĭ, A. N. MBR-2: Pervyĭ gidrosamolet G.M. Berieva. Moskva: Restart, 2003.

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Kathleen, Winsor. Naveki tvoi Ła E mber: Vpervye bez kupi Łur! Moskva: Izd-vo AST, 2001.

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Marinković, Mirjana, and Merima Krijezi, eds. Mapping Balkan Routes 2: Literary, Cultural and Linguistic Landscapes - European Perspectives. Beograd: Univerzitet u Beogradu, Filološki fakultet, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18485/mbr.2021.2.

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E.V. Keogh, DCM, MM, MBBS, FRACP--soldier, scientist, and administrator. South Yarra, Melbourne, Vic: Hyland House, 1990.

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Chaskalson, Michael. The mindful workplace: Developing resilient individuals and resonant organizations with MBSR. Malden, MA: Wiley, 2011.

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Great Britain. Foreign and Commonwealth Office., ed. Mutual and balanced force reductions in Europe (MBFR): History of the negotiations. [London]: Foreign and Commonwealth Office, 1989.

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Musser, Linda. Reme mber Lee: The end is the beginning : a mother's journey through loss. Omaha, NE: Centering Corp. Resource, 1996.

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Martin, Müller. Politik und Bürokratie: Die MBFR-Politik der Bundesrepublik Deutschland zwischen 1967 und 1973. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "MBBR"

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Bassin, João Paulo, and Márcia Dezotti. "Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)." In Advanced Biological Processes for Wastewater Treatment, 37–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58835-3_3.

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Ødegaard, H. "New Applications for MBBR and IFAS Systems." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 499–507. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_78.

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Bhattacharya, Roumi. "Role of Moving Bed Bioreactor (MBBR) in Dye Removal." In Sustainable Textiles: Production, Processing, Manufacturing & Chemistry, 155–99. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0545-2_6.

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Rodriguez-Sanchez, A., J. C. Leyva-Diaz, K. Calderon, J. M. Poyatos, and J. Gonzalez-Lopez. "Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time on MBR and Hybrid MBBR-MBR Systems Through Microbiological Approach: TGGE and Enzyme Activities." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 561–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_88.

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Rodriguez-Sanchez, A., J. C. Leyva-Diaz, J. Gonzalez-Lopez, and J. M. Poyatos. "Removal Performance of Organic Matter of MBR and Hybrid MBBR-MBR Systems During Start-up and Stabilization Phases Treating Variable Salinity Urban Wastewater." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 555–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_87.

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Delatolla, R., Bradley Young, and A. Stintzi. "Application of the MBBR Technology to Achieve Nitrification Below 1° C: Biofilm and Microbiome Analysis." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 513–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_80.

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Han, Y. L., M. L. Zhu, H. Jiang, J. B. Zhang, and P. L. Xu. "Study on nitrogen removal of surface water by MBBR process coupled with sulfur autotrophic denitrification." In Advances in Applied Chemistry and Industrial Catalysis, 195–201. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003308553-28.

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Zhu, Jian, Hui Tan, and Rui Wang. "Removal Rate of Pollutants in Water Body by MBBR Based on Folded Cylindrical Biological Carrier." In Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Management, 69–84. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31289-2_6.

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Akankshya, Rakesh Roshan Dash, and Siprasthiti Mohanty. "Removal of Organic Matters and Nutrients by Using Bio-balls and Corn Cobs as Bio-film Carrier in MBBR Technology." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 227–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9805-0_19.

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Shekhar, Shashi, and Hui Xiong. "MBR." In Encyclopedia of GIS, 651. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_770.

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Conference papers on the topic "MBBR"

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Yang, Jianhua, Li Ye, and Yi Fan. "Aplication of new MBBR Packing in Wastewater Treatment." In 2017 2nd International Conference on Civil, Transportation and Environmental Engineering (ICCTE 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccte-17.2017.94.

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Ding, Yuanhong, Yi Qian, LingLing Li, Hongqiang Ren, and Qing Wang. "Total nitrogen removal of synthetic leather wastewater treated by MBBR." In 2015 2nd International Conference on Machinery, Materials Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mmeceb-15.2016.111.

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Pei, Ye'qing, Dong'hui Chen, Gong'ming Zhou, and Qin Lu. "Notice of Retraction: A Study of Treating Saline CMC Process Wastewater at Full Scale with a Combination of MBBR+MBR." In 2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2011.5781071.

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Sivalingam, Vasan, Osama Ibrahim, Sergey Kukankov, Babafemi Omodara, Eshetu Janka, Shuai Wang, Carlos Dinamarca, Hildegunn Haugen, and Rune Bakke. "Chemical equilibrium model to investigate scaling in moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR)." In The 60th SIMS Conference on Simulation and Modelling SIMS 2019, August 12-16, Västerås, Sweden. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp20170139.

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Araújo, Selles, Jurandir Lacerda, Alexandre Fontinele, Érico Leão, José V. dos Reis Júnior, and André Soares. "Physical Layer-Aware Circuit Reallocation to Prevent Request Blocking in Elastic Optical Networks." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbrc.2023.489.

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Abstract:
This paper proposes a new circuit reallocation algorithm that considers the effects of physical layer in transparent elastic optical networks, called Just One Circuit Reallocation (JOC).The JOC algorithm reallocates just one already established circuit to avoid the blocking of new circuit request due to impairments in the physical layer. The results of the JOC algorithm were compared to three other algorithms: Circuit Reallocation Strategy Physical Layer (CRS-PL), Circuit Reallocation for Block Reduction related to the QoT of the circuits (R-RQoT) and Make-Before-Break (MBBr). The reallocation algorithms are evaluated under the bandwidth blocking probability (BBP), circuit blocking probability (CBP) and the number of reallocated circuits (NRC) for USA and EON topologies. Besides, we also evaluated the performance of reallocation algorithms using Complete Sharing, K-Shortest Path Computation, Modified Dijkstra Paths Computation and K-Shortest Path with Reduction of QoTO to routing and spectrum assignment. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm exhibits better performance than the CRS-PL, R-RQoT and MBBr algorithms with regard to BBP, PBC and NRC. In terms of BBP, our algorithm presented minimum reductions of approximately 65.36% e 55.6% for the USA and EON topology, respectively.
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Jiang, Bin-Hui, Yue Zhang, Hai-Yan Wang, Li-Ping Jia, Liang Li, and Yong-Gang Huang. "Study on Dominant Strains Screening and Nitrogen Removal Characteristics from Biological Moving Bed (MBBR)." In 2015 International Conference on Energy, Environmental & Sustainable Ecosystem Development (EESED 2015). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814723008_0109.

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Freitas, Isabelly, Silvio Rollemberg, Tasso Ferreira, Donaldo Nascimento, and Vinicius Caldas. "AVALIAÇÃO DE PARTIDA DE SISTEMA MBBR TRATANDO ESGOTO SANITÁRIO EM FORTALEZA-CE – ESCALA PILOTO." In 5º Congresso Sul-Americano de Resíduos Sólidos e Sustentabilidade. Instituto Brasileiro de Estudos Ambientais e de Saneamento, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55449/conresol.5.22.xv-014.

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CAO, S. M. S., J. P. BASSIN, and M. DEZOTTI. "INFLUÊNCIA DA RAZÃO DE RECICLO NO DESEMPENHO DE UM SISTEMA MBBR DE PRÉ-DESNITRIFICAÇÃO." In XX Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Química. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chemeng-cobeq2014-0086-27113-172622.

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Yang, Daniel, Eric Sihite, Jeffrey M. Friesen, and Thomas Bewley. "Design and control of a micro ball-balancing robot (MBBR) with orthogonal midlatitude omniwheel placement." In 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2015.7353956.

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Delatolla, Robert. "MBBR Technology for Nutrient Removal at Lagoon Facilities: Cold Climate Performance and Bacterial Community Analysis." In International Conference of Recent Trends in Environmental Science and Engineering. Avestia Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/rtese18.1.

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Reports on the topic "MBBR"

1

Gilbertson, Steve, Charles Payne, Daniel Kalb, and Kimberly Schultz. Fourth Generation MPDV and MBR at DARHT. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1874137.

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Jackson, D. High-Pressure Multi-Mbar Conductivity Experiments on Hydrogen: The Quest for Solid Metallic Hydrogen. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/902318.

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McDonald, William W. MBR-A Computer Program for Performing Nonparametric Bayesian Analyses of Ordered Binomial Data. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada418745.

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