Journal articles: 'Mbira'

1

Peterman, Lewis. "Kotekan in the Traditional Shona Mbira Music of Zimbabwe." Mudra Jurnal Seni Budaya 25, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31091/mudra.v25i3.1560.

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This article documents musical interlocking as it is traditionally practiced among the Shona people of Zimbabwe. Its focus is on the music of the mbira dzavadzimu, a traditional musicial instrument that consists of 22-25 or more keys distributed over three manuals(keyboards) played with both thumbs and one index finger. Numerous musical examples,using notational symbols developed for this study, are used throughout to clarify all technicaldetails. Most of the notational symbols are the same or similar to those used by Paul Berliner in his classic study The Soul of Mbira (Berliner: 1978). Six complete traditional mbira dzavadzimu pieces are presented in easy-to-read notated form: “Nhemamusasa,” “Chakwi,” “Nhemamusasa Variation,” “Nyamaropa,” “Shumba,” and “Taireva.” Four different categories ofinterlocking procedures form the core of the article: 1) Interlocking in Solo Mbira Music; 2) Interlocking in Two-Part Mbira Music; 3) Interlocking in Three-Part Mbira Music; and 4) Interlocking in Multiple-Part Mbira Music. Three supporting categories are also presented: 1) Interlocking in Mbira “High-Line” Parts; 2) Interlocking in Accompanying Vocal Parts; and 3) Interlocking in Miscellaneous Accompanying Parts. Much of the data in this article was gathered by the author through his private instruction with the following distinguished Shona mbira players: Irene Chigamba, Tute Chigamba, Musekiwa Chingodza, Stella Chiweshe, Michael Kamunda, Forward Kwenda, Ephat Mujuru, and Luken Kwari Pasipamire.

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Muranda, Richard. "Preserving the nyunganyunga mbira tunes through teaching and learning of performance using Sibelius 7." African Musicology Online 13, no. 1 (June 7, 2024): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.58721/amo.v13i1.568.

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The study focused on preserving mbira tunes by using transcription with Sibelius 7. The researcher purposively selected (7 females and 8 males) music students to play the transcribed ‘Bungautete’, ‘Chigwaya’, ‘Guva rangu’, and ‘Nhemamusasa’ on the nyunganyunga mbira. Action research and the computer-assisted method guided the lessons. The study followed UNESCO’s decree on Safeguarding cultural heritage aiming to protect the world’s intangible cultural heritage through upholding practices, uses, and expression of knowledge that communities recognise as vital to their culture. The advent of computers in music education offers advantages to music educators and students to use emerging technologies in class. The nyunganyunga mbira in recent years gained recognition in primary, secondary and tertiary music education in Zimbabwe and beyond. Materials from the study are useful in teaching the nyunganyunga mbira to the current and future generations. The study proffers ways to preserve and present the tunes in print, PDF, audio, MP3, and MIDI formats as instructional materials. The study affords knowledge on how to use the software in teaching the nyunganyunga mbira. It also provides material and knowledge useful in schools, colleges, and universities in music education. Further studies may be needed to cater for other mbira types.

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Tracey, Andrew. "Predicted mbira found." African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music 9, no. 3 (2013): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v9i3.1908.

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Moon, Jocelyn. "KARIMBA." African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music 10, no. 4 (November 22, 2018): 103–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v10i4.2235.

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In Zimbabwe, urban musicians and educators often perceive karimba as a category of relatively small mbira that are used for secular entertainment. This notion is strongly influenced by the prominence of the Kwanongoma mbira, or nyunga nyunga mbira, a 15-key karimba that was first popularized by the Kwanongoma College of Music in the 1960s. Despite a wealth of research, very little has been written about karimba traditions around the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border that are associated with traditional religious practices. In this article, the author focuses on a type of karimba with more than 20 keys that shares much of the same repertoire with matepe/madhebhe/hera music in Rushinga, Mutoko, and Mudzi Districts in Zimbabwe and nearby regions in Central Mozambique. The author explores the connections between innovations of the Kwanongoma mbira and karimba traditions in the Northeast with examples from the International Library of African Music archival collections and her own ethnographic research. This article provides a foundation upon which others may further conduct research on karimba music and suggests possible directions for incorporating these findings into educational contexts.

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Titus, Olusegun Stephen. "ECOMUSICOLOGY, INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION IN IBADAN, NIGERIA." African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music 11, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 72–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v11i1.2293.

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In Zimbabwe, urban musicians and educators often perceive karimba as a category of relatively small mbira that are used for secular entertainment. This notion is strongly influenced by the prominence of the Kwanongoma mbira, or nyunga nyunga mbira, a 15-key karimba that was first popularized by the Kwanongoma College of Music in the 1960s. Despite a wealth of research, very little has been written about karimba traditions around the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border that are associated with traditional religious practices. In this article, the author focuses on a type of karimba with more than 20 keys that shares much of the same repertoire with matepe/madhebhe/hera music in Rushinga, Mutoko, and Mudzi Districts in Zimbabwe and nearby regions in Central Mozambique. The author explores the connections between innovations of the Kwanongoma mbira and karimba traditions in the Northeast with examples from the International Library of African Music archival collections and her own ethnographic research. This article provides a foundation upon which others may further conduct research on karimba music and suggests possible directions for incorporating these findings into educational contexts.

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Marx, Shirley. "A Zimbabwean mbira: a Tradition in African Music and its Potential for Music Education." British Journal of Music Education 7, no. 1 (March 1990): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026505170000749x.

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This article aims to encourage the provision of the Zimbabwean mbira dzavadzimu in schools as a means of experiencing a novel musical system. It provides an outline of the mbira's cultural context within an oral tradition. The basic structure of the mbira pattern is abstracted and represented by four types of notation which makes the music accessible to a range of people. However, the characteristic ‘inherent rhythms’ that emerge kaleidoscopically from patterns and variations throughout performance give the music an elusive quality, the dimensions of which cannot be captured in staff notation. The simplicity of the separate components of a composition can be individually explored on a variety of instruments, while the resultant combination of its interlocking melodic lines is one of complexity and ever-shifting musical images. The mbira introduces a new aesthetic into the classroom and is ideal for both solo and ensemble playing.

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Tracey, Andrew. "The system of the mbira." African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music 10, no. 1 (2015): 127–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v10i1.1229.

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8

Silambo, Micas. "Performance da mbira em África: experiências, ações e interações do mestre Moto M’djindja." Opus 27, no. 3 (November 7, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20504/opus2021c2716.

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Os estudos contemporâneos da performance musical tendem, ou melhor, deveriam tender, a integrar um discurso plural e polifônico sobre as comunidades culturais pesquisadas. Este texto reflete sobre a performance da mbira como forma de viver ações e situações interativas no processo de construção da performance. O caminho de pesquisa foi alicerçado em observações de campo auxiliadas por entrevistas semiestruturadas dirigidas ao mestre Moto M’djindja, assim como por documentos fotográficos e audiovisuais. Entre as referências utilizadas na pesquisa estão os autores que lidam com diferentes áreas do saber, contudo olho especialmente para o campo da performance com foco em Richard Schechner. Os resultados da pesquisa fundamentam que a performance da mbira é sustentada pela articulação de elementos conectados de uma estrutura complexa na qual cada elemento mantém sua distinção e tem sua modalidade específica de coparticipação, suas próprias formas e condições de existência e influência. Assim, conclui-se que a performance da mbira é uma constelação de situações ou ações humanas, culturais, sociais e materiais de caráter artístico, experimental e interativo manifestado numa plataforma performática de poder igual.

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9

Florêncio, Fernando. "A mbira como mediadora de relações sociais." Etnografica, Número especial (December 22, 2022): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/etnografica.12680.

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10

McNeil, L. E., and S. Mitran. "Vibrational frequencies and tuning of the African mbira." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no. 2 (February 2008): 1169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2828063.

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11

Eyre, Banning. "Thomas Mapfumo and the polularization of Shona Mbira." African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music 10, no. 1 (2015): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v10i1.1227.

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12

Azim, Erica. "On teaching Americans to play mbira like Zimbabweans." African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music 7, no. 4 (1999): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v7i4.2005.

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13

Silambo, Micas Orlando. "VALERIA A PENA DECOLONIZAR AS TERMINOLOGIAS DA MBIRA?" Muiraquitã - Revista de Letras e Humanidades 8, no. 2 (2020): 3–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.29327/210932.8.2-2.

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14

Thram, Diane. "Luis Gimenez Amoros. Tracing the Mbira Sound Archive in Zimbabwe." African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music 11, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v11i1.2301.

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15

Hancock-Barnett, Coralie. "Colonial resettlement and cultural resistance: the mbira music of Zimbabwe." Social & Cultural Geography 13, no. 1 (February 2012): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649365.2011.635799.

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16

Silambo, Micas Orlando. "Estratégias tsotsianas de transmissão e acomodação da música de mbira." Revista da Abem 30, no. 2 (December 9, 2022): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33054/abem202230212.

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17

Perman, Tony. "Musical meaning and indexicality in the analysis of ceremonial mbira music." Semiotica 2020, no. 236-237 (December 16, 2020): 55–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2018-0057.

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AbstractIn this essay I examine three different indexical processes that inform meaning during a mbira performance in Zimbabwe in order to clarify the nature of meaning in musical practice. I continue others’ efforts to provincialize language and correct the damage done by “symbolocentrism’s” continued reliance on post-Saussurian models of signification and structure by addressing processes of purpose, effect, and agency in meaning. Emphases on language and/or structure mislead explanations of musical meaning and compromise the understanding of meaning itself. By foregrounding the unique properties of indexicality in musical practice, and highlighting three distinct indexical processes that drive music’s meaning (deictic, metonym, and replica), I help free meaning from language and offer an ethnomusicological counterpoint to multidisciplinary efforts that define meaning within linguistic and physiological paradigms. Indexical meaning is direct but unpredictable, rooted in experience, embodied habits, and the here and now.

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Matiure, Perminus. "Mbira dzavadzimuand its space within the Shona cosmology: tracingmbirafrombirato the spiritual world." Muziki 8, no. 2 (November 2011): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18125980.2011.631291.

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19

Chidanyika, Tinashe. "Zimbabwean mbira music on an international stage: Chartwell Dutiro's life in music." Journal of Musical Arts in Africa 5, no. 1 (July 2008): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/jmaa.2008.5.1.7.790.

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20

Mark, Andrew. "The Sole Mbira: An Ecomusicological Critique of Singularity and North American Zimbabwean Music." TOPIA: Canadian Journal of Cultural Studies 37 (April 2017): 157–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/topia.37.157.

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21

von Fremd, Sarah, and Paul F. Berliner. "The Soul of Mbira: Music and Traditions of the Shona People of Zimbabwe." African Studies Review 37, no. 3 (December 1994): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/524927.

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22

Silambo, Micas Orlando. "Música de Mbira: Lentes e reflexões ampliadoras de conceito(s) e significado(s) da Música." Revista Música 20, no. 2 (December 20, 2020): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/rm.v20i2.175175.

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Este trabalho apresenta, discute e propõe, através da Música de Mbira, uma abordagem integrativa como parte da compreensão aberta dos conceitos de músicas em suas dimensões socioculturais. Para isso, tomo como base uma pesquisa bibliográfica em torno dos estudos de (Etno)musicólogos, Antropólogos e afins, articulando com minha observação participante e prática na cultura musical africana. Os resultados apontam para uma compreensão mais consolidada dos conceitos das Músicas abrangendo outros conhecimentos e saberes não sonoros que são estabelecidos, compartilhados e ressignificados musicalmente, culturalmente e socialmente dentro de um grupo específico inserido na sociedade. Reintero que os elementos sonoros não acontecem por si só, eles se articulam por inúmeras motivações e memórias que nos direcionam para o seu papel como produto e processo social que esquematiza situações corriqueiras de uma rede mais ampla de relações humanas.

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Pratt, Ryan. "RELATIVE INTONATION: NON-SYMMETRICAL IMPLICATIONS OF LINEAR AND LOGARITHMIC INTERVALLIC MEASUREMENT." Tempo 77, no. 306 (September 1, 2023): 22–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298223000347.

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AbstractThis article investigates intervallic measurement and the tacit limitations engendered by a prevalent symmetrical perspective of measuring intervals. Various numerical and instrumental limitations and further detail of harmonic and melodic structures, such as Farey sequences, are illustrated. This approach distinguishes itself from a perspective of prime limits, explored by Harry Partch and others. A standardisation of ‘microtonal’ notation is not suggested; rather, the restrictions provided by any such standardisation are re-examined through an objective lens of ratios, to harness the generative potential of numbers. An orchestration-led approach to composition is described, where the tuning limitations of instruments are utilised for idiomatic composition. Tuning practices that ‘evade’ the octave are also discussed, including gamelan, mbira and three scales found by Wendy Carlos. The article concludes with a section on the construction of harmonic systems in the absence of instrumental influences.

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Kyker, Jennifer W. "The Art of Mbira: Musical Inheritance and LegacyMbira's Restless Dance: An Archive of Improvisation, Vols. 1 & 2." Ethnomusicology 66, no. 3 (October 1, 2022): 522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/21567417.66.3.10.

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Rupa, Josephina Nirma, and Maria Polencis Pere Ri’a. "Makna Simbolik Motif Khas Sarung Ende Lio." Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra dan Pengajaran (KIBASP) 4, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 251–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/kibasp.v4i2.979.

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This study aims to find and describe the symbolic meaning of the typical Ende Lio sarong motif in Nggela Village, Wolojita District, Ende Regency. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the symbolic meaning of the typical motif of the Ende Lio sarong in Nggela Village has 5 (five) forms of sarong, each of which has the following form and meaning; (1) the limara sarong contains the meaning of life, love, affection given by the Most Merciful and Merciful God, besides that it also contains the meaning of fertility and beauty; (2) the sarong contains the meaning of sincerity, purity of heart and sincerity of love; (3) the jara elo contains the meaning of a true love struggle; (4) the redu elbow mbira sarong contains the meaning of the twists and turns of human life and the struggle to find true love; (5) the scar cover contains the meaning of the struggle of human life to get love, In conclusion, the five types of typical Ende Lio sarongs each have different motifs and meanings, but still have an element of beauty. Keywords: Ende Lio, Meaning, Motif, Sarong, Symbol

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Grupe, Gerd, and Klaus-Peter Brenner. "Chipendani und Mbira. Musikinstrumente, nichtbegriffliche Mathematik und die Evolution der harmonischen Progressionen in der Musik der Shona in Zimbabwe." Yearbook for Traditional Music 32 (2000): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3185270.

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Goddard, Keith. "THE SOUL OF MBIRA TWENTY YEARS ON:A RETROSPECT, Part 1: THE SOUL OF MBIRA: MUSIC AND TRADITIONS OF THE SHONA PEOPLE OF ZIMBABWE, by Paul Berliner, Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 1994 (first published Univ. of California Press, Berkeley, 1978), 312pp, illustrations, transcriptions, appendices, index." African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music 7, no. 3 (1996): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v7i3.1966.

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Chernoff, John M. "THE SOUL OF MBIRA TWENTY YEARS ON:A RETROSPECT, Part 2: THE SOUL OF MBIRA: MUSIC AND TRADITIONS OF THE SHONA PEOPLE OF ZIMBABWE, by Paul Berliner, Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 1994 (first published Univ. of California Press, Berkeley, 1978), 312pp, illustrations, transcriptions, appendices, index." African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music 7, no. 3 (1996): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v7i3.1967.

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Mutavati, Absolom, and Richard Muranda. "A survey on the uptake of software and hardware resources for music production in Zimbabwean contemporary music." African Musicology Online 12, no. 2 (July 19, 2023): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.58721/amo.v12i2.262.

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The study surveyed the uptake of software and hardware for music production. The research examined the challenges that Zimbabwean music producers face in accessing software and hardware associated with production. Through qualitative research, 26 participants including musicians and music producers, were purposively sampled from Harare the capital city of Zimbabwe and Midlands State University in Gweru. The researchers secured participants’ informed consent and assurance of their freedom to withdraw from the study any time. Data were gathered through interviews online video and voice calls coupled with detailed questionnaires with open ended questions. Data were captured using voice recorders and note taking. The researchers analysed the data through a thematic approach basing on the Actor-Network Theory. The researchers focused on instruments and music productiontools associated with its production. Different software such as Cubase, Fruity Loops, Logic Pro X and Pro Tools 12 and hardware such as small audio interfares, keyrigs, and live musical instruments Mbira, Marimba, guitars, keyboards, live drums,ngoma, congas were in use in music production. However, some of the software were cracked versions allegedly due to high procurement cost. Accessing free resources on the internet was a challenge due to poor internet connectivity and high costs of data. There were limited opportunities for formal training in music production. Notwithstanding the challenges, music productions were undertaken with both analogue and digital resources. Aspirant music producers need to be proactive and explore the internet’s free resources to gain knowledge about music production. Future research should cover a wider geographic to gather comprehensive data on the state of music production in Zimbabwe.

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30

Masasabi, Nancy A., and Fred W. Kususienya. "THE GLOBALISATION OF AFRICAN MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS: A CASE OF THE ADEUDEU OF TESO COMMUNITY IN KENYA." African Musicology Online 11, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.58721/amo.v11i1.79.

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There are various insights into the discourse of musical culture from a global context. Some of these insights include the impact of globalisation on the music industry and African music-making at large. African musical instruments continue to be cultural artifacts and productions of immaterial culture and music. African instruments have not remained static but have responded to intercultural reciprocity. This study stems from an ambit that has discussed African traditional musical instruments such as the Mbira, Kora, Djembe, and Endara of West and South Africa but needs to pay more attention to those from East Africa and Kenya in particular. This paper is a case study of the Adeudeu (a chordophone), a principal instrument of the Teso community in Western Kenya and a symbol of their cultural identity. The purpose is to highlight the extent to which traditional musical performances have been appropriated and retained in the contemporary setting creating their popular music. The study engaged eight musical groups drawn from each of Teso district’s divisions, selected through purposive and snowball sampling. Qualitative data analysis was used. The paper analyses music performed on the traditional Adeudeu vis a vis that performed on the contemporary Adeudeu to elucidate similarities and differences in music making. The argument is that a change in one element of the musical ensemble has ramifications on the music producing a different ‘musical colour’. The paper culminates in highlighting changes that have taken place on the instrument and the overall musical rendition of the Teso.

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Tracey, Andrew. "Zimbabwe Mbira Music on an International Stage: Chartwell Dutiro’s Life in Music, Edited by Cartwell Dutiro and Keith Howard, SOAS Musicology Series, Ashgate: London. 2007, 98 pages, with CD: “Taanerimwe”, Chartwell Dutiro with Spirit Talk Mbira Live at Gateway (Gateway, SOAS Cat.No. SOASIS - 03), Hardbound: ISBN-13: 978-0-7546-5799-6." African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music 8, no. 2 (2008): 120–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v8i2.1787.

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Magwati, Phineas, and Philemon Manatsa. "The musical development of visually impaired learners: A case study of a special needs secondary school." African Musicology Online 12, no. 1 (May 18, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.58721/amo.v12i1.208.

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Exceptional musicality in visually impaired musicians raises the challenging question on the existence of a link between blindness and musicality. This qualitative ethnographic case study informed by Ockelford’s theory on blind musicians and Gardner’s multiple intelligence model undertaken at a special needs secondary school, explored the musical development of visually impaired learners. Data collection was made through observations, semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Thirty-five [35] visually impaired learners, fourteen [14] boys and twenty-one [21] girls were purposefully sampled for exceptional musicality in choir, guitar, keyboard, marimba ensemble and solo mbira. Sixteen [16] low vision, eight [8] legally blind, and eleven [11] totally blind informants were purposefully sampled for their virtuoso performance on select African and Western instruments. Evidence revealed that, audiation, kinesthetic and tactile knowledge contribute significantly to learner development of music skills. An acute sense of hearing is an important contrivance for visually impaired learners to construct the meanings of the world around them. An individual who are visually impaired or suffers loss of vision at an early age, re-wire to other senses particularly that of hearing to establish the identity of individuals and objects. A low vision hereditary trait in some participants was established. However, the study focus was not on the causes of blindness. Formal education and the home environment are significant factors in the creation of favorable conditions for the development of music skills in learners with visual impairment. Further research needs to examine the integration of emerging technologies in the quest for a better understanding of the development of music knowledge by visually impaired individuals Collaboration with neuroscience with its interest in music processing by the brain and may specifically focus on visually impaired individual’s musicality.

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de Jong, Nanette. "The Art of Mbira: Musical Inheritance and Legacy. By Paul F. Berliner. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2020. 609 pp. ISBN 978-0-226-62868-4." Popular Music 40, no. 3-4 (December 2021): 525–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026114302200006x.

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Hamard, Marion, Marta Sans Merce, Karel Gorican, Pierre-Alexandre Poletti, Angeliki Neroladaki, and Sana Boudabbous. "The Role of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography CT Extremity Arthrography in the Preoperative Assessment of Osteoarthritis." Tomography 9, no. 6 (November 29, 2023): 2134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tomography9060167.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent disease and the leading cause of pain, disability, and quality of life deterioration. Our study sought to evaluate the image quality and dose of cone-beam computed tomography arthrography (CBCT-A) and compare them to digital radiography (DR) for OA diagnoses. Overall, 32 cases of CBCT-A and DR with OA met the inclusion criteria and were prospectively analyzed. The Kellgren and Lawrence classification (KLC) stage, sclerosis, osteophytes, erosions, and mean joint width (MJW) were compared between CBCT-A and DR. Image quality was excellent in all CBCT-A cases, with excellent inter-observer agreement. OA under-classification was noticed with DR for MJW (p = 0.02), osteophyte detection (<0.0001), and KLC (p < 0.0001). The Hounsfield Unit (HU) values obtained for the cone-beam computed tomography CBCT did not correspond to the values for multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT), with a greater mean deviation obtained with the MDCT HU for Modeled Based Iterative Reconstruction 1st (MBIR1) than for the 2nd generation (MBIR2). CBCT-A has been found to be more reliable for OA diagnosis than DR as revealed by our results using a three-point rating scale for the qualitative image analysis, with higher quality and an acceptable dose. Moreover, the use of this imaging technique permits the preoperative assessment of extremities in an OA diagnosis, with the upright position and bone microarchitecture analysis being two other advantages of CBCT-A.

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Lett, Jean-Michel, Martine Granier, Isabelle Hippolyte, Martial Grondin, Monique Royer, Stéphane Blanc, Bernard Reynaud, and Michel Peterschmitt. "Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Geminiviruses in Leafhoppers of the Genus Cicadulina Monitored by Conventional and Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction." Phytopathology® 92, no. 1 (January 2002): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2002.92.1.65.

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Spatial and temporal distribution of Maize streak virus (MSV, family Geminiviridae, genus Mastrevirus) was monitored in the vector species Cicadulina mbila and the nonvector species C. chinaï using conventional and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Sustained feeding on MSV-infected plants showed that virus accumulation reaches a maximum in C. chinaï, but not in C. mbila. After a 3-day acquisition access feeding period (AAP), MSV was detected in the gut, the hemolymph, and the head of C. mbila, but only in the gut of C. chinaï. Similarly, Digitaria streak virus (genus Mastrevirus), which is not transmitted by either of the two species, was only detected in the gut. MSV was detected in the hemolymph of C. mbila 3 h after the beginning of the AAP. Although viral DNA progressively decreases in the vector and nonvector species after a 3-day AAP, MSV DNA remained stable in the salivary glands of C. mbila.

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BILL, M. C., and G. Poulos. "MBITA YA VUTIVI." South African Journal of African Languages 5, sup1 (January 1985): 142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1985.10586638.

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Dissaux, Brieg, Mourad Cheddad El Aouni, Julien Ognard, and Jean-Christophe Gentric. "Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction (MBIR) for ASPECT Scoring in Acute Stroke Patients Selection: Comparison to rCBV and Follow-Up Imaging." Tomography 8, no. 3 (May 5, 2022): 1260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tomography8030104.

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Background: To compare a model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) versus a hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) for initial and final Alberta Stroke Program Early Ct Score (ASPECT) scoring in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We hypothesized that MBIR designed for brain computed tomography (CT) could perform better than HIR for ASPECT scoring. Methods: Among patients who had undergone CT perfusion for AIS between April 2018 and October 2019 with a follow-up imaging within 7 days, we designed a cohort of representative ASPECTS. Two readers assessed regional-cerebral-blood-volume-ASPECT (rCBV-ASPECTS) on the initial exam and final-ASPECTS on the follow-up non-contrast-CT (NCCT) in consensus. Four readers performed independently MBIR and HIR ASPECT scoring on baseline NCCT. Results: In total, 294 hemispheres from 147 participants (average age of 69.59 ± 15.63 SD) were analyzed. Overall raters’ agreement between rCBV-map and MBIR and HIR ranged from moderate to moderate (κ = 0.54 to κ = 0.57) with HIR and moderate to substantial (κ = 0.52 to κ = 0.74) with MBIR. Overall raters’ agreement between follow-up imaging and HIR/MBIR ranged from moderate to moderate (κ = 0.55 to κ = 0.59) with HIR and moderate to almost perfect (κ = 0.48 to κ = 0.82) with MBIR. Conclusions: ASPECT scoring with MBIR more closely matched with initial and final infarct extent than classical HIR NCCT reconstruction.

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Akobi, William Kala, John Paul Oyore, and George Ochieng Otieno. "Effects of behavioural change communication on HIV and AIDS related high risk behaviour among fishermen in Homabay and Siaya Counties, Kenya." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 6 (May 27, 2022): 2334. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20221503.

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Background: Risky sexual behaviors such as sexual concurrency, sexual networks (fish for sex exchange) and unprotected sex, have been reported as the main cause of sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) /HIV infections among fisher folks. Behavioral change mechanisms as condom use and abstinence are some of interventions used in prevention HIV/AIDS spread in Kenya. Risky sexual behaviors increase risk of contracting STIs including HIV/AIDSMethods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 246 randomly selected fisher folks in Mbita- and Usenge along Lake Victoria. The survey used questionnaires to collect data among respondents. Using a sample frame in the beach management unit offices, fisherfolks were identified and invited to participate. Consent was obtained from participantsResults: The mean age of respondents was 31 years old. The 72% of the participants were directly involved in fishing. Participants who had extra marital relationship though married were 56.1% in Mbita and 47% in Usenge. Respondents who took alcohol with friends were 94.1% in Mbita and 96.2% in Usenge. Respondents who indicated that they had unprotected sex under influence of alcohol were 48.3% in Mbita and 77.1% in Usenge. Those who were sexually taken advantage of while under the influence of alcohol were 23.8% in Mbita and 38.3% in Usenge while those had sexually taken advantage of under the influence of alcohol were 18.3% in Mbita and 37.8% in Usenge.Conclusions: Targeted behaviour change communication (BCC) strategies designed specifically for fisherfolks is needed to curb high incidences of risky sexual behaviours noted among the fishermen.

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Klein, David L., Joseph E. Martinez, Michael H. Hickey, F. Hassouna, K. Zaman, and Mark Steinhoff. "Development and Characterization of a Multiplex Bead-Based Immunoassay To Quantify Pneumococcal Capsular Polysaccharide-Specific Antibodies." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 19, no. 8 (June 27, 2012): 1276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.05535-11.

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ABSTRACTEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the traditional antibody quantification technique, has several limitations, especially when used to evaluate multivalent and/or infant vaccines. We have developed a multiplex bead-based antibody quantification assay (MBIA) to measure antibody response to multiple pneumococcal (Pn) serotypes (St) in a single assay. MBIA was compared with the WHO ELISA using a WHO panel of 12 international calibration sera for 7 Pn Sts. An agreement of 75 to 92% was obtained for all 7 Sts. MBIA exhibited good robustness, with the assay variability at ≤16%. A major contributor to MBIA variability was the cell wall polysaccharide (CWPs) content in Pn St-specific capsular Ps. This necessitated careful CWPs (20 μg/ml) preadsorption of sera. MBIA is specific, robust, and reproducible and offers high throughput. The use of MBIA will greatly reduce the cost and time required to evaluate the immune response to multiple Pn Sts and could help promote the licensure of future Pn and other multivalent vaccines.

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Koo, Seul Ah, Yunsub Jung, Kyoung A. Um, Tae Hoon Kim, Ji Young Kim, and Chul Hwan Park. "Clinical Feasibility of Deep Learning-Based Image Reconstruction on Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 10 (May 16, 2023): 3501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12103501.

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This study evaluated the feasibility of deep-learning-based image reconstruction (DLIR) on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). By using a 20 cm water phantom, the noise reduction ratio and noise power spectrum were evaluated according to the different reconstruction methods. Then 46 patients who underwent CCTA were retrospectively enrolled. CCTA was performed using the 16 cm coverage axial volume scan technique. All CT images were reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP); three model-based iterative reconstructions (MBIR) of 40%, 60%, and 80%; and three DLIR algorithms: low (L), medium (M), and high (H). Quantitative and qualitative image qualities of CCTA were compared according to the reconstruction methods. In the phantom study, the noise reduction ratios of MBIR-40%, MBIR-60%, MBIR-80%, DLIR-L, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H were 26.7 ± 0.2%, 39.5 ± 0.5%, 51.7 ± 0.4%, 33.1 ± 0.8%, 43.2 ± 0.8%, and 53.5 ± 0.1%, respectively. The pattern of the noise power spectrum of the DLIR images was more similar to FBP images than MBIR images. In a CCTA study, CCTA yielded a significantly lower noise index with DLIR-H reconstruction than with the other reconstruction methods. DLIR-H showed a higher SNR and CNR than MBIR (p < 0.05). The qualitative image quality of CCTA with DLIR-H was significantly higher than that of MBIR-80% or FBP. The DLIR algorithm was feasible and yielded a better image quality than the FBP or MBIR algorithms on CCTA.

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Tamura, Akio, Eisuke Mukaida, Yoshitaka Ota, Masayoshi Kamata, Shun Abe, and Kunihiro Yoshioka. "Superior objective and subjective image quality of deep learning reconstruction for low-dose abdominal CT imaging in comparison with model-based iterative reconstruction and filtered back projection." British Journal of Radiology 94, no. 1123 (July 1, 2021): 20201357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20201357.

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Objective: This study aimed to conduct objective and subjective comparisons of image quality among abdominal computed tomography (CT) reconstructions with deep learning reconstruction (DLR) algorithms, model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR), and filtered back projection (FBP). Methods: Datasets from consecutive patients who underwent low-dose liver CT were retrospectively identified. Images were reconstructed using DLR, MBIR, and FBP. Mean image noise and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated, and noise, artifacts, sharpness, and overall image quality were subjectively assessed. Dunnett’s test was used for statistical comparisons. Results: Ninety patients (67 ± 12.7 years; 63 males; mean body mass index [BMI], 25.5 kg/m2) were included. The mean noise in the abdominal aorta and hepatic parenchyma of DLR was lower than that in FBP and MBIR (p < .001). For FBP and MBIR, image noise was significantly higher for obese patients than for those with normal BMI. The CNR for the abdominal aorta and hepatic parenchyma was higher for DLR than for FBP and MBIR (p < .001). MBIR images were subjectively rated as superior to FBP images in terms of noise, artifacts, sharpness, and overall quality (p < .001). DLR images were rated as superior to MBIR images in terms of noise (p < .001) and overall quality (p = .03). Conclusions: Based on objective and subjective comparisons, the image quality of DLR was found to be superior to that of MBIR and FBP on low-dose abdominal CT. DLR was the only method for which image noise was not higher for obese patients than for those with a normal BMI. Advances in knowledge: This study provides previously unavailable information on the properties of DLR systems and their clinical utility.

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Ifan, Muhammad, and Eggy Fajar Andalas. "PENGARUH LEGENDA LA HILA PUTRI MA MBORA DALAM TRADISI-TRADISI MASYARAKAT DONGGO NUSA TENGGARA BARAT." ATAVISME 26, no. 1 (October 12, 2023): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24257/atavisme.v26i1.812.54--64.

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Legenda La Hila Putri Ma Mbora (Seorang Putri Yang Hilang) merupakan sastra lisan yang hidup di kalangan masyarakat Bima, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Sebagai cerita yang diwariskan antargenerasi oleh nenek moyang masyarakat Bima, saat ini legenda ini bertransformasi dalam tradisi-tradisi masyarakat Donggo, Bima. Banyak tradisi dalam masyarakat Donggo Bima yang terpengaruh oleh keberadan legenda ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tradisi-tradisi masyarakat Donggo, Bima, yang dipengaruhi oleh legenda La Hila Putri Ma Mbora. Untuk melakukan hal tersebut digunakan metode etnografi. Etnografi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah etnografi digital. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara kepada informan kunci dan studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data penelitian menggunakan model Milles dan Hubberman, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, interpretasi data, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa legenda La Hila Putra Ma Mbora telah bertransformasi ke dalam berbagai bentuk tradisi masyaraat Bima, yaitu syair kalero, pesta raju, cola nasa, adat kematian, dan tradisi berpakaian perempuan Bima. The legend of La Hila Putri Ma Mbora (A Missing Princess) is an oral literature that lives among the community of Bima, West Nusa Tenggara. As a passed down story between generations, today, this legend is transformed into the traditions of the Donggo people of Bima. Many traditions in the Donggo Bima community were influenced by the existence of this legend. This study aims to describe the traditions of the Donggo, Bima, who were influenced by the legend of La Hila Putri Ma Mbora. Ethnographic method is applied to conduct the research. Method used in this research is digital ethnography. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews with key informants and document studies. Data analysis techniques is using the Milles and Hubberman models, namely data reduction, data presentation, data interpretation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the legend of La Hila Putra Ma Mbora had transformed into various forms of Bima community traditions, namely kalero poetry, raju parties, cola nasa, death customs, and Bima women's dress traditions.

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Nishikawa, Makiko, Haruhiko Machida, Yuta Shimizu, Toshiya Kariyasu, Hiroyuki Morisaka, Takuya Adachi, Takehiro Nakai, et al. "Image quality and radiologists’ subjective acceptance using model-based iterative and deep learning reconstructions as adjuncts to ultrahigh-resolution CT in low-dose contrast-enhanced abdominopelvic CT: phantom and clinical pilot studies." Abdominal Radiology 47, no. 2 (December 16, 2021): 891–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00261-021-03373-5.

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Abstract Purpose In contrast-enhanced abdominopelvic CT (CE-APCT) for oncologic follow-up, ultrahigh-resolution CT (UHRCT) may improve depiction of fine lesions and low-dose scans are desirable for minimizing the potential adverse effects by ionizing radiation. We compared image quality and radiologists’ acceptance of model-based iterative (MBIR) and deep learning (DLR) reconstructions of low-dose CE-APCT by UHRCT. Methods Using our high-resolution (matrix size: 1024) and low-dose (tube voltage 100 kV; noise index: 20–40 HU) protocol, we scanned phantoms to compare the modulation transfer function and noise power spectrum between MBIR and DLR and assessed findings in 36 consecutive patients who underwent CE-APCT (noise index: 35 HU; mean CTDIvol: 4.2 ± 1.6 mGy) by UHRCT. We used paired t-test to compare objective noise and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare radiologists’ subjective acceptance regarding noise, image texture and appearance, and diagnostic confidence between MBIR and DLR using our routine protocol (matrix size: 512; tube voltage: 120 kV; noise index: 15 HU) for reference. Results Phantom studies demonstrated higher spatial resolution and lower low-frequency noise by DLR than MBIR at equal doses. Clinical studies indicated significantly worse objective noise, CNR, and subjective noise by DLR than MBIR, but other subjective characteristics were better (P < 0.001 for all). Compared with the routine protocol, subjective noise was similar or better by DLR, and other subjective characteristics were similar or worse by MBIR. Conclusion Image quality, except regarding noise characteristics, and acceptance by radiologists were better by DLR than MBIR in low-dose CE-APCT by UHRCT. Graphical abstract

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Ippolito, Davide, Cesare Maino, Anna Pecorelli, Ilaria Salemi, Davide Gandola, Luca Riva, Cammillo Talei Franzesi, and Sandro Sironi. "Application of low-dose CT combined with model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm in oncologic patients during follow-up: dose reduction and image quality." British Journal of Radiology 94, no. 1124 (August 1, 2021): 20201223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20201223.

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Objectives: To compare image quality and radiation dose of CT images reconstructed with model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) and hybrid-iterative (HIR) algorithm in oncologic patients. Methods: 125 oncologic patients underwent both contrast-enhanced low- (100 kV), and standard (120 kV) dose CT, were enrolled. Image quality was assessed by using a 4-point Likert scale. CT attenuation values, expressed in Hounsfield unit (HU), were recorded within a regions of interest (ROI) of liver, spleen, paraspinal muscle, aortic lumen, and subcutaneous fat tissue. Image noise, expressed as standard deviation (SD), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated. Radiation dose were analyzed. Paired Student’s t-test was used to compare all continuous variables. Results: The overall median score assessed as image quality for CT images with the MBIR algorithm was significantly higher in comparison with HIR [4 (range 3–4) vs 3 (3-4), p = 0.017]. CT attenuation values and SD were significantly higher and lower, respectively, in all anatomic districts in images reconstructed with MBIR in comparison with HIR ones (all p < 0.001). SNR and CNR values were higher in CT images reconstructed with MBIR, reaching a significant difference in all districts (all p < 0.001). Radiation dose were significantly lower in the MBIR group compared with the HIR group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: MBIR combined with low-kV setting allows an important dose reduction in whole-body CT imaging, reaching a better image quality both qualitatively and quantitatively. Advances in knowledge: MBIR with low-dose approach allows a reduction of dose exposure, maintaining high image quality, especially in patients which deserve a longlasting follow-up.

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Ju, Yun Hye, Geewon Lee, Ji Won Lee, Seung Baek Hong, Young Ju Suh, and Yeon Joo Jeong. "Ultra-low-dose lung screening CT with model-based iterative reconstruction: an assessment of image quality and lesion conspicuity." Acta Radiologica 59, no. 5 (August 8, 2017): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185117726099.

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Background Reducing radiation dose inevitably increases image noise, and thus, it is important in low-dose computed tomography (CT) to maintain image quality and lesion detection performance. Purpose To assess image quality and lesion conspicuity of ultra-low-dose CT with model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) and to determine a suitable protocol for lung screening CT. Material and Methods A total of 120 heavy smokers underwent lung screening CT and were randomly and equally assigned to one of five groups: group 1 = 120 kVp, 25 mAs, with FBP reconstruction; group 2 = 120 kVp, 10 mAs, with MBIR; group 3 = 100 kVp, 15 mAs, with MBIR; group 4 = 100 kVp, 10 mAs, with MBIR; and group 5 = 100 kVp, 5 mAs, with MBIR. Two radiologists evaluated intergroup differences with respect to radiation dose, image noise, image quality, and lesion conspicuity using the Kruskal–Wallis test and the Chi-square test. Results Effective doses were 61–87% lower in groups 2–5 than in group 1. Image noises in groups 1 and 5 were significantly higher than in the other groups ( P < 0.001). Overall image quality was best in group 1, but diagnostic acceptability of overall image qualities in groups 1–3 was not significantly different (all P values > 0.05). Lesion conspicuities were similar in groups 1–4, but were significantly poorer in group 5. Conclusion Lung screening CT with MBIR obtained at 100 kVp and 15 mAs enables a ∼60% reduction in radiation dose versus low-dose CT, while maintaining image quality and lesion conspicuity.

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Okoth, V. A. O., Z. T. Dabrowski, and H. F. Van Emden. "Comparative biology of some Cicadulina species and populations from various climatic zones in Nigeria (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 77, no. 1 (March 1987): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300011470.

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AbstractSignificant differences in nymphal development period and fecundity were observed between five populations of Cicadulina mbila (Naudé) and C. triangula Ruppel from three climatic zones in Nigeria: rain forest (Ibadan), southern part of Sudan savanna (Kadawa, Kano) and the Jos Plateau. The C. triangula population that is used in mass rearing for resistance screening at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, developed much more rapidly than the wild C. triangula population from Ibadan. Similarly, the C. mbila population from the Kadawa Irrigation Scheme, Kano, developed more rapidly than the population from the Jos Plateau. All Cicadulina populations were 3–4 times as prolific on pearl millet as on maize, sorghum or the grass Digitaria exilis. The IITA colony of C. triangula was significantly more fecund than C. mbila. It is clear that Cicadulina species and populations with high reproductive potential would be most suitable for mass rearing for resistance screening to the maize streak virus disease.

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Terzis, Robert, Robert Peter Reimer, Christian Nelles, Erkan Celik, Liliana Caldeira, Axel Heidenreich, Enno Storz, David Maintz, David Zopfs, and Nils Große Hokamp. "Deep-Learning-Based Image Denoising in Imaging of Urolithiasis: Assessment of Image Quality and Comparison to State-of-the-Art Iterative Reconstructions." Diagnostics 13, no. 17 (August 31, 2023): 2821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13172821.

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This study aimed to compare the image quality and diagnostic accuracy of deep-learning-based image denoising reconstructions (DLIDs) to established iterative reconstructed algorithms in low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) of patients with suspected urolithiasis. LDCTs (CTDIvol, 2 mGy) of 76 patients (age: 40.3 ± 5.2 years, M/W: 51/25) with suspected urolithiasis were retrospectively included. Filtered-back projection (FBP), hybrid iterative and model-based iterative reconstruction (HIR/MBIR, respectively) were reconstructed. FBP images were processed using a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved DLID. ROIs were placed in renal parenchyma, fat, muscle and urinary bladder. Signal- and contrast-to-noise ratios (SNR/CNR, respectively) were calculated. Two radiologists evaluated image quality on five-point Likert scales and urinary stones. The results showed a progressive decrease in image noise from FBP, HIR and DLID to MBIR with significant differences between each method (p < 0.05). SNR and CNR were comparable between MBIR and DLID, while it was significantly lower in HIR followed by FBP (e.g., SNR: 1.5 ± 0.3; 1.4 ± 0.4; 1.0 ± 0.3; 0.7 ± 0.2, p < 0.05). Subjective analysis confirmed best image quality in MBIR, followed by DLID and HIR, both being superior to FBP (p < 0.05). Diagnostic accuracy for urinary stone detection was best using MBIR (0.94), lowest using FBP (0.84) and comparable between DLID (0.90) and HIR (0.90). Stone size measurements were consistent between all reconstructions and showed excellent correlation (r2 = 0.958–0.975). In conclusion, MBIR yielded the highest image quality and diagnostic accuracy, with DLID producing better results than HIR and FBP in image quality and matching HIR in diagnostic precision.

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Watanabe, Ryo, Ayako Zensho, Yoshitaka Ohishi, and Yoshinori Funama. "Image-quality characteristics in the longitudinal direction from different image-reconstruction algorithms during single-rotation volume acquisition on head computed tomography: A phantom study." Acta Radiologica Open 12, no. 4 (April 2023): 205846012311689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20584601231168986.

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Background A multi detector computed tomography (CT) scanner with wide-area coverage enables whole-brain volumetric scanning in a single rotation. Purpose To investigate variations in image-quality characteristics in the longitudinal direction for different image-reconstruction algorithms and strengths with phantoms. Material and methods Single-rotation volume scans were performed on a 320-row multidetector CT volume scanner using three types of phantoms. Tube current was set to 200 mA (standard dose) and 50 mA (low dose). All images were reconstructed with filtered back projection (FBP), mild and strong levels with hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR), and model-based IR (MBIR). Computed tomography numbers, image noise, noise power spectrum (NPS), task-based transfer function (TTF), and visual spatial resolution were used to evaluate uniformity of image quality in the longitudinal direction ( Z-axis). Results The MBIR images showed smaller variation in CT numbers in the Z-axis. The difference in the highest and lowest CT numbers was smaller (5.0 Hounsfield units [HU]) for MBIR than for FBP (6.6 HU) and HIR (6.8 HU). The variations in image noise were the smallest for strong MBIR and the largest for FBP. The low-frequency component at NPS0.2 was lower for strong MBIR than for other algorithms. The high-frequency component at NPS0.8 was low in all reconstructions. For MBIR, the image resolution and TTFs were higher in the outer portion than in the center. Conclusion Model-based IR is the optimal image-reconstruction algorithm for single-volume scan of spherical subjects owing to its high in-plane resolution and uniformity of CT numbers, image noise, and NPS in the Z-axis.

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Perman, Tony. "A tale of two mbiras." African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music 10, no. 1 (2015): 102–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v10i1.1228.

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Ogweno, Jacob Ogweno, and Joash Okong’o Odongo. "INFLATION ON HOUSEHOLDS EXPENDITURE IN MBITA DIVISION OF MBITA DISTRICT, KENYA: A SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS." American Journal of Economics 4, no. 1 (October 1, 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/aje.581.

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Purpose: Inflation is a concern in both developed and developing countries as it leads to a fall in profit margins and makes it difficult in drawing households’ budgets. The Medium Term Plan report (2008-2012) indicates that Mbita Division of Homa-Bay County has had the effects of inflation in recent times as many fish industries are closing down, an indicator of a fall in private domestic capital and also an increase in the unemployment rate. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of inflation on the household expenditures in Mbita Division, Kenya. Methodology: The study adopted exploratory and correlation research designs. Exploratory research design gave an insight into the households’ expenditure behavior while correlation research design facilitated the establishment of relationships among the research variables. A sample size of 374 heads of households was selected from a total of 13,789 households in the Division. The individual respondents were drawn by the use of a simple random sampling technique. Primary data was gathered with the help of questionnaires, key informant interviews, focused group discussions, and observation, and Secondary data were collected from Government statistical abstracts, household records, and relevant textbooks. Regression as a tool of analysis was utilized to reveal the existing relationship among the variables and coefficient of determination to show the strength of the established model. The reliability of the data collection instrument was tested using the internal consistency technique in which the scores obtained from the subjects were correlated and the Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha was be computed to determine the correlation among the items.Findings: It was discovered that 135(38%) spent more than Ksh 4000 per month six months ago compared to 159(44.8%) of the total respondents who spent more than the same amount currently in Mbita division. Recommendation: It was recommended that the households in Mbita division should spend only on the basic stuff and be advised on the micro-savings programs to assist in times of high inflation rates.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mbira'

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