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1

Maurer, Jaclyn, and Linda Houtkooper. "Healthy Meals on the Go." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146468.

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2

Beaudet, Kara Marie, Kathryn McGlamery, Ryan Malham, and Toni Teplitsky. "Mindful Meals: Business Plan." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144175.

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3

Kinser, Amber E. "Motherhood and Family Meals in Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1252.

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4

Blåfield, Ida. "A time travel for school meals in United Kingdom : Ideas and opinions about school meals in UK-media between 2000 and 2014." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kostvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-113329.

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Bakgrund Från och med september 2014, är alla barn i åldern fyra till sju berättigade till gratis skolmat i Storbritannien, för att öka hälsosamt ätande och minska fetma. Syfte Att undersöka hur skolmåltider (speciellt skolluncher) avbildats i olika tidningar i Storbritannien, från och med 2000 till 2014, då gratis skolmåltider introducerades. Metod Fyra tidningar i Storbritannien, under tiden 2000 till 2014, valdes ut för undersökning. Totalt 616 artiklar hittades, varav 426 texter analyserades. En kombination av kvalitativ och kvantitativ innehållsanalys gjordes i flera steg på artiklar och insändare. Texterna lästes och grupperade i huvudbudskap/innehåll. För att visa när och i vilken mängd dessa huvudbudskap/innehåll avbildades i de studerade medierna, blev dessa grupperade som ämnen och placerade i tidslinjer. Slutligen kategoriserades ämnena i grupper för att visa huvudfokus under tidsperioden. Resultat Under åren 2000 till 2014 diskuterades flera ämnen som rörde skolmåltider i media. Bland dessa fanns både positiva och negativa inställningar till Jamie Olivers skolmatkampanj, ohälsosamma lunchboxar, förbud av lunchboxar, förbud mot att vistas utanför skolområdet under raster, samt planen för och införandet av gratis skolmat för fyra till sjuåringar. Gratis skolmåltider och texter relaterade till ekonomi var de mest diskuterade ämnena under åren. I studien var det möjligt att se att Jamie Oliver var en stor del av processen som lett till att barnen i åren fyra till sju fått gratis skolmat. Slutsats En större process kunde ses framskrida fram till gratis måltider till alla skolbarn i ålder fyra till sju. Regler har tillagts och åtgärder gjorts för att få bättre skolmåltider och samtidigt uppmuntra barn att välja hälsosammare mat. Det är möjligt att allmänheten blivit mer medvetna om hälsa och skolmåltider samt relationen mellan dessa
Background Starting from September 2014, all children aged four to seven received their school lunches for free in the UK, to increase healthy eating and decrease obesity. Aim To investigate how school meals (especially school lunches) were depicted in different newspapers in the UK, from 2000 to 2014 when free school meals were introduced. Method Four newspapers in the UK between the years 2000 and 2014 were chosen for the study. In total, 616 texts were found from which 426 were analysed. A combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis of articles and letters to press was made in several steps. The texts were read and grouped into several main messages/contents. These were grouped into subjects and put together in timelines to show when and how much they were depicted in media during the studied years. Finally the subjects were grouped into topics, to show the main focus during the time period. Result During the years 2000 to 2014 several topics related to school meals were discussed. Among these were both positivity and negativity towards Jamie Oliver’s school food campaign, unhealthy packed lunches, the ban of packed lunches, ban of going outside schools on school breaks and the free school meals plan and free school meals for all children aged four to seven. The free school meals and texts related to economy were the most discussed during these years. In the study it was possible to see that Jamie Oliver have been a big part of the results of free school meals for the children between four and seven. Conclusion A long process could be seen progressing until free meals were given to all schoolchildren aged four to seven. There were regulations and actions towards better school meals and encouragements for children to choose the healthier foods. It is possible that people became more and more aware about health and school meals, and the relation between these over the years.
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5

McKinnon, Mona Claire. "A study of Vancouver-Richmond meals-on-wheels." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26002.

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Little is known about Meals-on-Wheels organizations, though they exist in many western countries. The purpose of this study is to examine the Vancouver-Richmond Meals-on-Wheels service as an organization and from that examination to provide information about clients, volunteers, staff, and organizational management. The literature was searched for guidance on the concept of Meals-on-Wheels. Was there any definition of an ideal organization? Similarly, discussions with government officials in the Province of British Columbia were conducted to determine what they thought this organization might contribute to the province's social support services. The prescriptions were vague and it was found that many assumptions were made. It seemed that organization theory might help to expose the gaps in these prescriptions. An examination of the organization by observation, interviews, use of secondary data for client profiles, questionnaires for volunteers, and interviews of present clients led to the development of a descriptive account which was arranged using a model developed by Donabedian to assess the quality of patient care, namely, inputs, process, structure, and outcomes. It became clear that organizational theory might assist in diagnosis of some managerial problems as the findings showed that client turnover was high. Analysis of available data had shown the clients to be in the category of "old, old," fairly evenly distributed throughout the area, and self-referred. Those volunteers who responded to a questiononaire were long-term, reasonably satisfied, and strongly committed. The clients interviewed were unstinting in their praise for the volunteers and appreciative of the service. They were dissatisfied with certain aspects of the food and their lack of opportunity for input into this aspect of Meals-on-Wheels. The employees found it difficult to communicate with the investigator and with other important community representatives. Internal and external relationships seemed to be tense. It seemed that by developing a prescription for "best practices" for a Meals-on-Wheels organization working in this context, comparisons of the existing organization with this prescription might assist with the diagnosis of managerial problems and lead to identification of possible remedies. This course was followed.
Medicine, Faculty of
Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of
Graduate
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6

Hongu, Nobuko, Karla J. Aceves, Traci Armstrong Florian, Ady Meléndez, and Brittney R. Taylor. "Mexican Mole: Promoting Healthy Meals through Cultural Traditions." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607718.

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This article introduces the popular mole (pronounced: MOH-lay) sauces that are typically served in three regions (the North, Central, and South) of Mexico. It also discusses how this popular Mexican food can promote healthy meal cooking, which can reflect traditional foods of the land.
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7

Florence, Lea C. "Rural-Urban Variations in Meals on Wheels Programs." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3700.

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Older adults are living longer than ever before. By 2060, the U.S. population aged 65 or older is projected to reach 98 million. As adults age, the prevalence of chronic diseases and disabilities increases. The need for Meals on Wheels (MOW) services is growing alongside the aging population. Yet, little is known about the geographic variation of services. Little is documented about the organizational capacity of MOW organizations in terms of geography. The current policies supporting home-and community-based services, including MOW, may be insufficient to support all older adults in all types of communities. An analysis of the More Than a Meal® Comprehensive Network Study was conducted to determine geographic variation in services delivered through MOW programs and to document organizational capacity by geography. Chi-squared analyses were performed to identify relationships between twenty services offered through MOW organizations and categorial offerings within nutrition, in-home safety, socialization, and community connections categories. Spidergrams were created to document organizational capacity holistically and for three individual organizations for each of the geographic areas: Rural Only, Partial Rural, and Non-rural Service Areas. Using these findings, a policy analysis was conducted to determine policy recommendations to inclusively support rural older adults. Older adults living in rural areas access the full complement of services provided by MOW programs differently than do their non-rural counterparts. Specifically, a statistically significant relationship was found between the stratified component of in-home safety for rural, partial rural and non-rural service areas. When evaluated on the individual service offering level, statistically significant relationships between rurality and congregate meals, nutrition education, nutrition assessment, coordination of USDA food assistance programs, and telephone reassurance were seen. Spidergram documentation of capacity created visual representations of geographic similarities and differences. The policy analysis produced three potentially viable policy additions for the Older Americans Act around a provision for innovation programs, a report on in-home safety, and business acumen provisions. This work lays the foundation for further analysis of existing data with a lens of geographic specificity, as well as articulates the importance of looking at organizational capacity as a part of policy recommendations for understanding rural community-based organizations.
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8

Misner, Scottie, Carol Curtis, and Evelyn Whitmer. "Diabetes -- Meal Planning, the First Step." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146442.

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Revision of 2001 title by Misner
Healthy eating is really the first step in taking care of diabetes. Making good food choices and staying active are important. Eating less fat - especially saturated fat - is one way to decrease the risk for heart disease. This article provides information about different food nutrients and how their intake can be monitored to take care of diabetes.
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9

He, Ping. "Antioxidants in fish meals, fish feeds and farmed fish." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ39660.pdf.

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10

Subuh, Ahmad Mufid Hassan. "Studies on the utilization of rapeseed meals in cattle." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333680.

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11

Reed, Zandra Elizabeth. "Sensory quality and consumer acceptance of chilled ready meals." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370021.

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12

Fellers, Jaime. "Impact of Malawi's School Meals Program on Primary Education." Thesis, Boston College, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104303.

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Thesis advisor: Paul Cichello
Initially launched as a pilot program in 1996 by the World Food Program (WFP) at the request of the Government of Malawi (GoM), the School Meals Program (SMP) reached approximately 642,000 primary school children by 2011. According to the WFP, the objectives of the SMP are: 1) reduce drop out rates; 2) promote regular attendance; 3) increase enrollment; and 4) improve children’s ability to concentrate and learn, through food provision (WFP, 2010). Given these aims, this paper aims to determine if Malawi’s SMP affects the primary enrollment rate or attendance as measured as an impact on temporary withdraws. By applying a propensity score matching (PSM) model to the Third Integrated Household Survey data from 2010-2011, the estimation of the impacts will aim to mitigate selection bias using historic enrollment and other covariates, which include WFP selection criteria and theory-based community and political characteristics. Using three different matching techniques, the model predicts that the SMP has no impact on primary enrollment and a statistically insignificant, but positive impact on attendance, here measured as a decrease in temporary withdraws. Explanations for these atypical results include the presence of exclusion errors, which were found in the pilot evaluation, model misspecification, and the lack of social desirability bias in my measures. Further research is needed to determine the extent to which previous results have been biased by Hawthorne effects or social desirability bias. Given the potential of the temporary withdraws for highlighting a positive impact of the program, further studies should include this measure as a potential outcome of any SMP program, especially in agrarian economies
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2015
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Departmental Honors
Discipline: Economics
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13

Gray, Morgan. "Evaluation of oxidized rendered protein meals in pet foods." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20379.

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Master of Science
Grain Science and Industry
Greg Aldrich
Rendered protein meal is an important source of dietary protein and fat in pet food. However, fats in rendered meals can oxidize rapidly if not protected. The most common measurement of oxidation is the peroxide value (PV), but the analysis is highly variable. Additionally, the incorporation of oxidized protein further shortens its shelf life. Therefore, our objectives were to evaluate methods to measure fat quality in rendered protein meals and to determine the effect of increasingly oxidized protein meals on the shelf life of extruded pet foods. In Experiment 1, samples of five chicken byproduct meals (CBPM) from each of three locations and five beef meat and bone meals (BMBM) from each of two locations were analyzed for PV, anisidine value (AV), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The PV varied by method and location (P < 0.05). The alternative oxidation analytical methods, AV and TBARS, were not strongly correlated to PV (R² > 0.01). In Experiment 2, one metric ton of each unpreserved CBPM and unpreserved BMBM were collected and left unpreserved (U) or preserved with either ethoxyquin (E) or mixed tocopherols (T). These were held at ambient conditions (25°C, 51% RH) and monitored for PV and AV until values plateaued (41 and 63 days for CBPM and BMBM, respectively). Each “aged” meal was then incorporated into a model extruded cat food diet (~30% protein). Samples of kibble for each treatment were collected and stored at an elevated temperature and humidity (40°C, 70% RH) for 18 weeks and an ambient temperature and humidity (~22°C, 45% RH) for 12 months. The initial reduction (P < 0.05) in PV of the U (highly oxidized) BMBM and CBPM after processing suggests oxidation levels were diluted by food production. The oxidized meal led to a shorter shelf life (P < 0.05) in the finished food by PV analysis; but, sensory analysis by quick assessment did not completely corroborate these findings. These results suggest that PV doesn’t fully describe rendered protein meal stability or have a direct impact on shelf life for consumers; but may have a negative impact on pets due to oxidized lipid consumption.
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Shafer, Claire G. "Making Place For Ritual: Creating Connection Through Communal Meals." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337084659.

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15

Thiemphasuk, Sudapich, and Kritsada Pornrattanapitak. "Thai Consumer's segmentation for Ready-to-eat meals in Thailand." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-13037.

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16

Qiao, Yanrui. "Routine techniques for monitoring the nutritional value of animal meals." NCSU, 2001. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20011030-112347.

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Feed mills demand routine techniques to analyze digestible amino acids in highly variable animal meals. As routine tools, infrared spectroscopic predictions of digestible amino acids require reference samples assayed in vivo. Lack of reference samples resulting from costly and time-consuming in vivo assays has limited infrared spectroscopic applications. To remove this limitation, an in vitro assay mimicking in vivo digestion in swine was sought as a replacement to build the reference database.

Pepsin and pancreatic proteases used in the in vitro assays produce autolysates that are assayed as digestible amino acids. To correct this contamination and define incubation time for efficient use of the proteases, the autolysis of these proteases was studied. Correction of enzyme contamination with enzyme blank incubations and incubation time of 24 hours for pepsin and 96 hours for pancreatic proteases were proposed (Chapter III and IV).

In vitro digestion focused on maximal hydrolysis of peptide bonds with minimal enzyme usages for restriction of enzyme contamination. The minimal enzyme usage was determined to be 6.5% (enzyme to substrate ratio) (Chapter V).

Study on absorption of peptides in swine revealed that all soluble in vitro peptides could be estimated as digestible in vivo. Average in vitro digestibility coefficients were comparable to in vivo for a number of amino acids but mismatch occurred for individual samples. In vivo digestible amino acids, though, could be predicted with in vitro digestible amino acids. For example, lysine was predicted with an error of 0.27% (Chapter VI).

Total and digestible amino acids were predicted with near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) and mid infrared Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) but not with Raman spectroscopy. Infrared spectroscopic prediction errors for digestible lysine were 0.27% for near infrared spectroscopy and 0.26% for mid infrared spectroscopy. Total amino acids seemed better predicted than digestible amino acids by infrared spectroscopy (Chapter VII).

The study showed that as routine techniques, infrared spectroscopy could potentially replace both in vivo and wet chemical analyses of amino acids.

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17

Turley, Stephen Richard. "Revealing rituals : washings and meals in Galatians and 1 Corinthians." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7338/.

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This thesis attempts to understand the place of rituals in the formation of early Christianity as represented by Galatians and 1 Corinthians. By exploring Paul’s reference to ritual washings and meals with a heuristic use of ritual theory, we conclude that rituals in early Christianity were inherently revelatory, in that they revealed the dawning of a particular time (the messianic age) through the bodies of the ritual participants. This bodily revelation established both a distinctly Christian ethic and a distinctly Christian social space by which such an ethical identity might be identified and sustained.
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Purdy, Joanna Mary Alexandra. "Sensory quality and consumer acceptance of reduced salt ready meals." Thesis, Ulster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252430.

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Hebert, Karen A. Fleischman (Karen Ann Fleischman). "The Effects of Maternal Employment Status on the Evening Meals of Adolescents." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500447/.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether maternal employment contributed to the general inadequacy of the adolescent's evening meal, and to examine the attitudes of adolescents regarding the mother's role in evening meal preparation. A questionnaire was administered to 1180 high school students in a suburban area of Dallas-Ft.Worth in May, 1987. The hypotheses were tested using Chi square, Pearson product moment correlation, and Anova. Results indicated that maternal employment affects adolescent evening meals in the number of meals offered per week, fully prepared by mother, and eaten away from home. The amount of adolescent participation in meal preparation was higher for the employed group. Attitudes are different between the sexes and those with employed and unemployed mothers.
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20

Forsberg, Sarah. "Home Delivered Meals : Exploring Perceptions and Acceptability among Swedish Older Adults." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-17875.

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Background: Approximately 48 000 meals are distributed to home-dwelling older adults every day in Sweden. The ability to influence the meals is of great importance for the quality of life and therefore it is important to include the views, needs and wishes of older adults when structuring the food distribution service. Objective: The purpose is to explore the perceptions and acceptability of home delivered meals among home-dwelling older adults and professional caregivers. Methods: The present study was the first qualitative phase of a mixed method study with an exploratory sequential design. Qualitative data was collected from five older adults >65 in five municipalities and two caregivers through interviews. Results: Most of the participants were able to choose from two alternative dishes every day and they were pleased with the selection of dishes most of the time. Overall the menus were considered variated and seasonal and holiday themes were highly valued. The Swedish cuisine was their favorite, however many ethnic dishes were appreciated as well. The meals were considered delicious, however the texture of the vegetables, potatoes and meat was not optimal. Conclusions: Sometimes two alternative dishes were not considered enough. More and a broader selection of dishes might increase older adults feeling of independence but also help meeting expectations of older adults with different cultural backgrounds. Familiar dishes, a conscious choice of condiments, enhanced flavors and improved textures and appearance might compensate for deteriorating senses. Descriptive information about the meals on the menus might also help meeting older adults’ expectations.
Bakgrund: Det levereras cirka 48 000 måltider till äldre i ordinärt boende varje dag i Sverige. Möjligheten att påverka måltiderna är en viktig förutsättning för äldres livskvalitet, därför är det viktigt att inkludera äldres uppfattningar, önskemål och behov vid strukturering av måltidsdistributionen. Syfte: Syftet var att utforska äldres uppfattningar och acceptans av hemlevererade måltider bland äldre och vårdgivare. Metod: Studien var den första kvalitativa fasen av en mixed method studie med en exploratory sequential design. Kvalitativ data samlades in genom intervjuer med fem äldre i fem kommuner samt två undersköterskor. Resultat: De flesta av deltagarna kunde välja mellan två måltidsalternativ varje dag och de var nöjda med måltidsutbudet för det mesta. Överlag ansågs menyerna vara varierande och säsongs-och högtids anpassade rätter var uppskattade. Även om det svenska köket var en favorit, uppskattades etniska rätter också. Måltiderna ansågs goda, men texturen på grönsaker, potatis och kött var inte optimal. Slutsatser: Ibland uppfattades inte två måltidsalternativ som tillräckligt. Fler rätter och ett bredare utbud av rätter skulle kunna öka äldres känsla av självständighet men också möta förväntningar hos äldre från olika kulturer. Välbekanta rätter, medvetna val av tillbehör, förstärkta smaker och optimerade texturer och utseende kan möjligtvis kompensera för nedsatta sinnen. Detaljerad information om maträtterna på menyerna skulle kanske också kunna hjälp till att möta äldres förväntningar.
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Wettasinghe, Mahinda. "Characterization of natural antioxidants of meals of borage and evening primrose." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ54854.pdf.

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Prim, Mia. "Ready meals from the consumers perspective : attitudes, beliefs, contexts and appropriateness /." Doctoral thesis, Örebro : Örebro university : Universitetsbiblioteket, 2007. http://www.diva-portal.org/diva/getDocument?urn_nbn_se_oru_diva-1520-3__fulltext.pdf.

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23

Habas, Elmukhtar M. A. "Antecedent diet effect on thermogenic and cardiovascular responses to different meals." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360545.

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Rogers, Catherine Ann. "Simple Suppers: Findings from a Family Meals Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492688206338527.

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Schmidt, Ximena Carolina. "A sustainable assessment in the convenience food sector : ready-made meals." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-sustainable-assessment-in-the-convenience-food-sector-readymade-meals(74939787-085d-481b-be7d-fbf4f00fccbd).html.

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The food industry has an essential role in society and in the global economy. Nowadays, modernlifestyle demands convenience, which is driving the development of the food sector. This isparticularly evident with convenience food, especially ready-made meals, industrially preparedfood, which only requires a short preparation time at home by consumers, but has very complexand diverse supply chains and is associated with a range of sustainability issues. Therefore, theaim of this research is to evaluate the environmental, economic and social sustainability in theready-made meals sector with the focus on the UK market. A life cycle approach has been used forthese purposes, using life cycle assessment (LCA) as the tool for the environmental analysis, lifecycle costing (LCC) for the economic aspects and social sustainability indicators (SI) for the socialissues. Different types of ready-made meal from different cuisines have been considered, includingthe British, Italian, Chinese and Indian. The highest environmental impacts are found for the Italian and Indian cuisines, while Chinesemeals are environmentally most sustainable, followed by the British. At the sectoral level, theresults suggest that from ‘cradle to retailer’ the British ready-made meal sector contributes 4.45 Mtof CO2 eq. annually, which represents ~4% of the GHG emissions of the food and drink sector and~1% of the UK GHG emissions. Of this, 3.16 Mt of CO2 eq. is emitted by chilled and 1.28 Mt of CO2eq. by the frozen ready-made meals. The total life cycle costs at the sectoral level from ‘cradle tograve’ are estimated at £2.1 bn, with the chilled ready-made meals market contributing £1.42 bnand the frozen £676 million. The life cycle costs from ‘cradle to retailer’ are £1.02 bn, with the valueadded of £958 million. The common environmental and cost hotspot for all the meals studied is rawmaterials. In particular, the meat, fish and seafood are the greatest contributors. For theenvironmental impacts, the manufacturing and distribution stages are also important, while theconsumption stage is the largest contributor to the costs. The major social aspects are the foodrelated health issues and food security, in particular food affordability. In the supply chainagriculture, wholesale and retailers show high risk for indicators such as wages and employmentwhile the manufacturing presents high risk in fatal injuries. The study also shows that consumer choices play an important role for the economic andenvironmental impacts; therefore, educational programmes and better communicational strategiesshould be implemented by the industry, the government and consumers groups. Moreover, toensure a sustainable development of the ready-made meals sector, future policies and industrialinitiatives should consider a life cycle approach including relevant economic, environmental andsocial aspects.
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Quilliam, Elizabeth Taylor. "Happy meals, happy parents food marketing strategies and corporate social responsibility /." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University. Communication Arts and Sciences - Mass Media, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Mar. 30, 2009]) Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-141). Also issued in print.
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Garcia, Lorena. "Algae meals as a substitute for fish meal and fish oil in practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45711.

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Traditionally, marine fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) have been the major feed ingredients used as protein and lipid sources in the formulation of aquaculture feeds. However, these commodities are limited by their availability, high cost as well as negatively impacting the sustainability of wild fish stocks. Thus, finding alternatives sources to replace or reduce the use of FM and FO in aquafeeds is critical. The primary goal of this research was to determine the effects incorporating algal meals into diets fed to the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) on production for and organoleptic qualities. Twenty circular tanks composed an outdoor closed system with a volume capacity of 530-L. Specific Pathogen-Resistant (SPR) Pacific white shrimp (mean weight ± SD, 1.31± 0.029) were stocked at a density of 28 shrimp/m2 in a green water system. Shrimp were assigned five dietary treatments. The experimental diets, fed twice daily, were isolipidic (8%), and contained three protein levels: 34%, 37% and 48%. Spirulina and Schizochytrium were used to substitute FM and FO in the experimental diets. Two FM based feeds were used as controls. The production parameters: final weight (9.4 to 14.9 g), percent weight gain (479-680%), growth rate (0.7-1.3 g/week), feed conversion ratio (1.6-2.5) and survival (85-95%) were estimated. Treatment effects for production parameters were evaluated using one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA). Differences (P ≤ 0.05) among the treatments existed for all production parameters except survival. Organoleptic qualities of shrimp were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Differences existed for the desirable attributes of aroma, color and sweetness, but not for the attributes of firmness, moistness, and fattiness. Differences were not detected for the undesirable attributes off-odor, fish flavor, earthiness, off-flavor, and overall unpleasantness. The diet containing Spirulina at a 37% protein level with the inclusion of DHA from Schizochitrium, was perceived as not containing undesirable attributes and thus shows promise. Results from this study show that Pacific white shrimp can accept algal meals in their feeds and that the inclusion of certain algae ingredients in shrimp feeds could be commercially viable when considering consumer acceptance.
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Bennoson, Janet. "The effect of manipulating the macronutrient composition of meals postprandial lipid metabolism." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310698.

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Anfinson, Carl Allen. "Adolescent Food Consumption in Urban China: Factors Influencing BMI and School Meals." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27123.

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China?s food consumption patterns are changing as the population becomes wealthier and more urban. As the country ages, today?s adolescents will be tomorrow?s consumers. Few studies have focused on this important demographic. This study intended to investigate what might be influencing adolescent BMI by examining what adolescents are eating at home and away from home along with socioeconomic factors. An increase in a mother?s education was found to have a positive influence on BMI. Another section focuses on what adolescents consume at school compared to at home and also examines their parent?s perception of these school meals by developing an ordered logit model. Compared to preschool, the likelihood of a parent being satisfied with all aspects of a school meal decreased for higher levels of the student?s education. Almost three times as many lunch meals were consumed at school, proving how important this often forgotten meal is.
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Persaud, Suresh Chand. "Japan's Import Demand for Soybeans, Rapeseed, and their Respective Meals and Oils." Connect to resource, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1217870279.

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Rosenblum, Jordan D. ""They sit apart at meals" : early rabbinic commensality regulations and identity construction." View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318358.

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Mendes, Gisele Sandoval Junqueira 1987. "Alimentação escolar : análise dos sistemas centralizado e descentralizado de produção de refeições em municípios do estado de São Paulo." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/255284.

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Orientador: Nilo Sérgio Sabbião Rodrigues
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T00:46:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mendes_GiseleSandovalJunqueira_M.pdf: 3718624 bytes, checksum: ea4bfd0d0f64ffc76bbc5cc7e3aa8d84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) tem enfrentado mudanças significativas desde a sua criação. Atualmente, tem como objetivo, além de fornecer alimentação aos alunos durante o período escolar, melhorar suas condições nutricionais e a capacidade de aprendizagem e formar hábitos alimentares saudáveis. Apesar das mudanças visarem à melhoria da qualidade das refeições servidas e do gerenciamento, o PNAE ainda enfrenta dificuldades, o que implica principalmente na qualidade da alimentação escolar. Novas tecnologias, como o sistema cook chill e vegetais minimamente processados (VMP), vem sendo desenvolvidas e aplicadas em vários segmentos da alimentação de coletividades, pelas vantagens que oferecem principalmente para a produção centralizada de refeições, sendo porém, raras as prefeituras que se propõem a estudá-las e implantá-las. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar o PNAE no estado de São Paulo em relação aos sistemas de produção de refeições utilizados, centralizado (SC) e descentralizado (SD), identificando os fatores de sucesso e insucesso, além de avaliar o SC com foco na utilização de novas tecnologias, como cook chill e VMP. Foi realizada uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa não probabilística por julgamento, com a elaboração e aplicação de instrumentos de coleta de dados, inicialmente em uma amostra de 54 municípios. A partir dessa amostra, obteve-se uma segunda, por amostragem probabilística sistemática, composta por doze municípios, sendo seis com SC e seis com SD. Em visitas técnicas nesses municípios, foram aplicados outros dois instrumentos de coleta de dados que foram analisados estatisticamente por distribuição de frequência e medidas de tendência central. Verificou-se a influência dos sistemas em relação a alguns fatores: a oferta de alimentos foi considerada adequada somente em quatro dos seis municípios com SD. A taxa de adesão média à alimentação escolar nos municípios com esse sistema foi de 79% contra 62% nos municípios com SC, podendo haver associação com a atratividade e a temperatura das refeições (em três destes municípios as refeições foram distribuídas com temperaturas inferiores a 60°C). Considerada fator de sucesso no SD, a atratividade obteve nota máxima (dez pontos) em três municípios. Nos municípios com SC, a pontuação máxima foi sete para um município. Nos municípios com SD, em quatro de dez unidades escolares, a porcentagem de sobras foi inferior a 7%. Nos municípios com SC, em seis de dez unidades escolares, também foi menor que 7% e houve menor desperdício, com índice médio de resto de 16% em relação ao SD (11%). Em cinco unidades escolares dos municípios com SD, o índice de restos foi menor que 6%. Os resultados mostraram que há a necessidade de estudar novas alternativas que possam garantir a produção com eficiência de refeições adequadas, seguras e atrativas. De acordo com os resultados, a centralização da produção associada à utilização de novas tecnologias, pode ser eficaz desde que haja adequações às peculiaridades de cada município
Abstract: The Brazilian School Meal Programme (PNAE) has faced significant changes since its creation. Besides providing food to students during the school day, it aims to improve learning and encourage healthier eating habits. Despite the recent managerial efforts, PNAE still faces challenges such as the improvement of the quality of school meals. On the other hand, new technologies have been developed and applied to food services, for example, the cook-chill system and minimally processed vegetables (MPV), which are especially suitable for centralized meals production. However, seldom are the Brazilian counties - responsible for the PNAE local administration - that invest in these nonconventional food processing technologies. The objective of this study was to assess the PNAE management in counties located at the state of São Paulo, Brazil, attempting to identify factors of success or failure with respect to meals production systems - centralized (CS) or decentralized (DS). Initially, a sample of 54 counties was determined and from them a sub-sample (N=12) was systematically drawn, being six CS-cities and six DS-cities. Technical visits in the sampled cities were made and a quali-quantitative methodological approach was used to collect data, which were further submitted to descriptive statistically analyses summarized to be analyzed and interpreted. Food supply could be considered adequate in only four of the six cities with DS. About 79% of the students in the cities of DS make their meals in the schools' restaurants, versus 62% in cities with CS and this fact may be due to attractiveness and the temperature of the meals: in three of CS-cities, the meals were served at temperatures lower than 60°C, which diminishes sensory acceptability. Considered a success factor in DS, attractiveness reached the highest rate (ten points) in three cities, while in cities with CS, the highest score was only seven. In four out of ten schools in the cities with DS the percentage of surplus was lower than 7%. Conversely, in cities with CS six out of ten schools presented surplus lower than 7%. With respect to plate waste CS schools showed an average rate of 16% compared to only 11% in DS schools. In conclusion, results showed that there is a need to consider new alternatives to ensure meals production efficiency aiming at safety and attractiveness. Moreover, the centralized production associated with the new cooking technologies, can be effective as long as they can be adapted to the peculiarities of each city
Mestrado
Consumo e Qualidade de Alimentos
Mestra em Alimentos e Nutrição
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33

Beal, Jane Davina. "Potential use of protease enzymes in liquid diets for pigs." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2432.

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A programme of study was undertaken to assess the effect of pretreating raw soya bean and processed full fat soyabean meals with protease enzymes prior to use in liquid feed for grower and finisher pigs. A series of laboratory studies was undertaken to examine the efficacy of three microbial proteases (P2, P3 and P4) in partially hydrolysing soya protein and in reducing the levels of trypsin inhibitors in raw soyabean. Pretreatment consisted of steeping ground soyabean for 24 h at 20° C in the absence (control) or presence of 20 000 units gˉ¹ N of P2, P3 or P4. Pretreating raw soyabean (RSB) with P2, P3 and P4 significantly (P < 0.05) reduced trypsin inhibitor levels from 28.53 to 19.98, 17.17 and 18.35 (s.e.m.1.14) mg trypsin inhibited gˉ¹ soya respectively. Pretreating RSB, micronized (MIC) or autoclaved (AUT) soyabean meal with P2, P3 or P4 resulted in increases in soluble a.-amino nitrogen of 5.22, 7.08, and 6.58 (RSB), 5.11, 5.57 and 4.32 (MIC) and 3.56, 7.03 and 6.18 (s.e.d. 0.06) mg gˉ¹ soya respectively and in vitro digestibility of nitrogen of 7.6 %, 9.9 %and 6.4 % (RSB), 4.9 %, 8.3 % and 2.8 % (MIC) and 11 %, 8 % and 12.2 % (AUT) respectively compared with the appropriate controls. Feeding trials were conducted in which pretreated soya was added to a basal cereal diet. Pretreatment of RSB with P4 resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) increase in ADG of 0.08 kg pigˉ¹ dˉ¹ (s.e.d. 0.04) in grower pigs (33.5 ± 4 kg) over the 6 week duration of the trial but had no significant effect on FCR. Pretreatment of AUT with P4 did not significantly improve performance. In a feeding trial with grower/finisher pigs pretreatment of RSB with P3 resulted in significant (P < 0.05) improvements of 0.10 (s.e.d. 0.04) kg pigˉ¹ dˉ¹ in ADG and 0.476 (s.e.d. 0.19) in FCR. Pretreatment of MIC with P3 resulted in a significant reduction (P < 0.05) of 4 d (s.e.d. 1. 7) in the time taken for pigs to attain slaughter weight.
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Gustafsson, Kerstin. "Meals and Food in Older Women : Health Perceptions, Eating Habits, and Food Management." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-2638.

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The aim was to describe and explore the food-related work and eating habits of older community-dwelling women, with Parkinson’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis or stroke or without these diseases. The major focus is on health perceptions, eating habits and meal support. A theoretical framework based on cultural and health theories was adopted. A total of 91 women between 64 and 88 years were visited in their homes, a food survey was performed consisting of a 24h recall and an estimated three-day food diary was introduced. Seventy-two of the women also took part in qualitative interviews with an ethnographic approach. Approximately one week later, another 24h recall was carried out at a second visit, or for the non-disabled women by telephone. The analyses revealed that many women were influenced by the prevailing health message and tried to eat a healthy diet. It was also important to them to enjoy their preferred foods, but this gave some women a bad conscience, while others perceived their usual foods as wholesome to eat. Health promotion for older women needs to incorporate the women’s own cultural context, their perceptions of food-related health, and their wish to adhere to their usual habits. Women with disease, frailty and who had become alone reported simplified food-related work and poor eating habits. However, management of these duties was highly valued, and women strove to cook by themselves as long as possible when disability became a threat. This resulted in a trend towards less nourishing cooked meals for women with disabilities. Thus, many women with these diseases living at home need support with their meals. This has to be planned in collaboration with the woman and build on her cultural values. The help must be performed with respect for the woman’s sense of order, be given sufficient time, and acknowledge her self-determination.

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Summers, Amber C. "Vegetarian meals in the national school lunch program| Emploring the barrriers and facilitators." Thesis, The Johns Hopkins University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3571741.

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Background: The school food environment is critical in demonstrating and encouraging a healthy dietary pattern among children. Incorporating vegetarian options into school lunch menus is an under-examined aspect of the school food environment, but has the potential to help achieve federal nutrition standards and introduce students to diverse foods. The purpose of this research was to explore the barriers and facilitators to serving meat alternates and vegetarian meals in the school lunch program.

Methods: Peer-reviewed literature, grey literature, and federal documents were reviewed to summarize the current state of research and federal guidelines on meat alternates and vegetarian meals in schools. Qualitative data collection to explore school personnel perspectives on serving vegetarian options took place between November 2011 and June 2012. At the district level, 19 semi-structured interviews were completed with food service personnel in school districts across the United States representing various geographical regions, district sizes, and student demographics. At the school level, 18 semi-structured interviews with school personnel, 5 observations, and review of 10 school lunch menus took place in the Baltimore City Public School district, chosen based on its emphasis on the availability of vegetarian meals through district-wide implementation of Meatless Monday. Interview participants, schools, and districts were selected based on convenience and purposive sampling. Interview transcriptions and observation notes were coded and reviewed for key themes using ATLAS.ti 6.2.

Results: Key barriers to serving vegetarian options were students' food preferences, greater food waste and drop in school lunch participation rates, negative public opinion, and negative parent and personnel attitudes. Key facilitators to serving vegetarian options were demand for vegetarian meals, community support and involvement in school nutrition, providing choice and variety of well-presented vegetarian options, and flexibility of school meal guidelines.

Conclusions: This research demonstrates how federal school meal guidelines have evolved to provide increased flexibility in providing vegetarian options; however, achieving acceptance among some students, school personnel, and families is a challenge. Multi-level strategies involving schools, families, communities, and policy makers are needed to create and sustain a school environment that is supportive of offering vegetarian options. Future research should explore student and family perspectives.

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Agbo, Nelson W. "Oilseed meals as dietary protein sources for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.)." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/984.

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One of the major problems facing aquaculture in Ghana is the non-availability of quality and affordable fish feeds. The present study investigated the nutritional suitability and cost-effectiveness of some Ghanaian oilseed by-products, soybean meal (Glycine spp), cottonseed meal (Gossypium spp), groundnut cake (Arachis hypogaea L.) and groundnut husk, as alternative protein sources to fishmeal (FM) in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). The oilseed meals were used individually, as mixtures, as mixtures enriched with methionine and mixtures detoxified by heat processing (autoclaving) and/or addition of supplements (viz. phytase and ferrous sulphate) intended to reduce levels of the most important antinutritional factors (ANFs). Diets, containing the oilseed meals at inclusion levels from 25% to 75% dietary protein, were formulated to be isonitrogenous (320 g.kg-1), isolipidic (100 g.kg-1) and isoenergetic (18 KJ.g-1) and fed to juvenile Nile tilapia at 4-10% of their body weight for a period of eight weeks. Proximate analysis showed that soybean meal (SBM), cottonseed meal (CSM), groundnut cake (GNC) and groundnut husk (GNH) had 500.3, 441.4, 430.5 and 205.6 g.kg-1 crude protein, 38.2, 89.5, 12.8 and 89.2 g.kg-1 crude fibre and 20.19, 19.61, 23.17 and 22.18 kJ.g-1 gross energy respectively. Generally the oilseed meals had good essential amino acid (EAA) profiles with the exception of GNH. The EAA profile of SBM compared very well with FM but methionine and threonine were low (0.73 and 1.50 % of protein respectively) and the same was true for CSM and GNC with even lower levels. Analyzed ANFs in SBM, CSM, GNC and GNH were 17.54, 31.64, 14.86 and 3.99 g.kg-1 phytic acid, 14.09, 1.24 and 2.34 g.kg-1 trypsin inhibitors and 5.80, 6.50, 8.01 and 10.08 g.kg-1 saponin respectively and in CSM 5.6 g.kg-1 gossypol. Nutrient digestibility of these oilseed proteins suggested that Nile tilapia may be able to utilize SBM, CSM and GNC efficiently as dietary protein sources due to high apparent protein digestibility of 94.50%, 84.93% and 90.01% respectively. However, GNH may not be suitable because of very low apparent protein digestibility (27.67%). These protein sources when used individually were shown to cause depressed growth and feed efficiency when substituting more than 50% of the FM protein in diets. This may be attributed to high levels of ANFs, high fibre content and poor EAA profile. However, the use of mixtures of these meals was found to be marginally more effective than that of single sources. This may have been as a result of lower levels of ANFs and improvement in essential amino acid profile due to mixing. Supplementing the mixtures with methionine led to improvement in feed utilization but without significantly improving the nutritive value compared with FM. Heat processing was effective in reducing heat labile trypsin inhibitors in SBM, CSM and GNC by almost 80%, but not phytic acid and saponins, which remained virtually unaffected. Use of meals detoxified by heat processing with/without supplements at 50% inclusion improved growth and feed utilization compared to the unprocessed meals and performance was generally not significantly different from FM. Cost effectiveness analysis revealed that diets containing single feedstuffs or mixtures, particularly those containing equal proportions of oilseed meals and higher proportion of CSM replacing between 50% - 75% FM protein, were more profitable than FM diet. Similarly, the use of heat processed meals at 50% replacement of FM protein yielded greater profit than all other diets including the FM diet. However, essential amino acid supplementation of the meals was less profitable compared to the control. Generally, fish fed diets with oilseed meals would take longer to attain harvest size compared with FM and this could lead to an increase in production costs or a decrease in the number of production cycles which could be achieved within a year. It can be concluded that there is nutritional and economic justification for using SBM, CSM and GNC as partial replacement for FM in diets of Nile tilapia. Based on growth performance, nutrient utilization and economic benefits the diet with heat processed oilseed meal mixtures (containing equal proportions of 16.67% each) at 50% inclusion has the best prospects for replacing FM protein in diets of O. niloticus.
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Sivapalan, K. "The effects of dividing the rat's energy intake into varying numbers of meals." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379612.

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Marchini, Katlyn Michelle. "FREE LUNCH: HEALTHFULNESS AND SUSTAINABILITY OF FREE MEALS PROVIDED IN THE TECH WORKPLACE." Scholarly Commons, 2017. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3126.

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Food programs that provide employees free meals have become increasingly popular at tech companies. Through the use of multiple research methods including photo documentation, observations, and interviews, this thesis will explore the foodscape created by Airbnb’s food program. This thesis seeks to understand the ways in which a company can promote health, sustainability, and commensality in a food program and avoid inadvertently causing negative health outcomes. The research presented here will help offer insights into how offering free meals can affect the culture of the workplace and the health of employees with the hopes of identifying areas for future research.
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Norrby, Jenny. "Navigating the transformation to sustainable public meals - The case of Södertälje municipality, Sweden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-197253.

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Food production and consumption is causing environmental harm such as climate change and a decline in ecosystem services. Hence, a transformation of the food system is necessary for humanity’s future well-being. The public meal can be used as a tool for establishing healthy and sustainable eating habits at an early age and contribute to changed dietary choices in the future, yet few municipalities are prioritizing this opportunity. This study uses Södertälje municipality as a case to look at the change process of implementing a sustainable diet concept in preschools, schools, and gymnasiums, with the hope of acquiring knowledge and understanding useful for similar cases of transformation. Using a framework for deliberate social-ecological transformations and data primarily from qualitative interviews, I map the phases of transformation to better understand how agency and opportunity context have been used in navigating the process and identify possible opportunities going forward. Findings show the importance of political support, an integrated organization, and rooting new practices amongst the officials. The motivation and persistence of a key leader was crucial in navigating forward, and the process has been driven by several opportunities such as a political window of opportunity for change and the collaboration with a bridging organization in developing a food concept. It also shows how municipalities can have an important role in changing eating habits and how food-related norms and values can potentially shift and contribute to long-term food system change.
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Mandracchia, Floriana. "Restaurant-based interventions: a new approach to promote healthier and allergy-adapted meals." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672811.

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La oferta de menús saludables i la gestió d’al·lèrgens alimentaris en els restaurants és un repte. L’objectiu era evidenciar estratègies i tecnologies innovadores per millorar la oferta saludable i la gestió dels al·lèrgens en restaurants. Els estudis realitzats son: 1) Un estudi transversal va avaluar l’adherència a la dieta mediterrània, la qualitat nutricional i la gestió dels al·lèrgenes en 44 restaurants (Província Tarragona). Els criteris de dieta mediterrània i gestió d’al·lèrgens es complien parcialment. Els plats haurien d’augmentar la fibra i disminuir els greixos saturats. La formació del personal és necessària per millorar la gestió dels al·lèrgens. 2) Una revisió sistemàtica (35 Estudis Controlats i Aleatoritzats (ECAs) i 6 no-ECAs) i un metaanàlisis (16 ECAs) van avaluar les intervencions efectives en restaurants i cantines per millorar la disponibilitat, compra i ingesta d’àpats saludables. Aquelles aplicades en cantines escolares van augmentar la ingesta i disponibilitat d’aliments saludables, i van disminuir la ingesta de greixos, però la compra va ser parcialment efectiva. 3) Una revisió sistematitzada (8 ECAs) va avaluar intervencions amb aplicacions mòbils (apps) per augmentar la ingesta de fruites i verdures. Les efectives duraven 2-9 meses, incloïen població sana, comentaris, autoavaluació i suport remot. 4) Es va avaluar la qualitat de 14 apps sobre al·lèrgies o intoleràncies alimentaries mitjançant la “Mobile App Rating Scale” a partir d’una cerca sistemàtica. Aquestes apps van mostrar una qualitat acceptable, encara que la secció d’implicació hauria de millorar en aquelles de cerca de productes i restaurants. 5) Es va desenvolupar una web-app per avaluar nutricionalment els plats i identificar els al·lèrgens; aquesta va demostrar bona usabilitat, qualitat i validesa. Concloent, s’han identificat estratègies efectives i recomanacions per millorar la oferta saludable i la gestió dels al·lèrgens en els restaurants. L’ús de tecnologies innovadores ajuda a avaluar nutricionalment els plats i identificar els al·lèrgenes alimentaris.
La oferta de menús saludables y la gestión de alérgenos alimentarios en los restaurantes es un reto. El objetivo fue evidenciar estrategias y tecnologías innovadoras para mejorar la oferta saludable y la gestión de alérgenos en restaurantes. Los estudios realizados son: 1) Un estudio transversal evaluó la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea, la calidad nutricional y la gestión de alérgenos en 44 restaurantes (Provincia Tarragona). Los criterios de dieta mediterránea y gestión de alérgenos se cumplían parcialmente. Los platos deberían aumentar la fibra y disminuir grasas saturadas. La formación del personal es necesaria para mejorar la gestión de alérgenos. 2) Una revisión sistemática (35 Estudios Controlados y Aleatorizados (ECAs) y 6 no-ECAs) y un metaanálisis (16 ECAs) evaluaron las intervenciones efectivas en restaurantes y comedores para mejorar la disponibilidad, compra e ingesta de comidas saludables. Las intervenciones aplicadas en comedores escolares aumentaron la ingesta y disponibilidad de alimentos saludables, y disminuyeron la ingesta de grasas, pero la compra fue parcialmente efectiva. 3) Una revisión sistematizada (8 ECAs) evaluó intervenciones con aplicaciones móviles (apps) para aumentar la ingesta de frutas y verduras. Las efectivas duraron 2-9 meses, incluían población sana y comentarios, autoevaluación y apoyo remoto. 4) Se evaluó la calidad de 14 apps sobre alergias o intolerancias alimentarias mediante la “Mobile App Rating Scale” a partir de una búsqueda sistemática. Estas apps mostraron una calidad aceptable, aunque la sección de implicación debe mejorarse en aquellas de búsqueda de productos y restaurantes. 5) Se desarrolló una web-app para evaluar nutricionalmente los platos e identificar los alérgenos; esta demostró buena usabilidad, calidad y validez. Concluyendo, se han identificado estrategias efectivas y recomendaciones para mejorar la oferta saludable y la gestión de los alérgenos en los restaurantes. El uso de tecnologías innovadoras ayuda a evaluar nutricionalmente los platos e identificar los alérgenos alimentarios.
Eating out increased, but healthy menu offerings and food allergen management remain a challenge. This thesis aimed to provide evidence about potential innovative strategies and technologies for restaurant-based interventions to improve healthy meal offerings and food allergen management. Studies conducted and obtained findings included: 1) A cross-sectional study assessed the Mediterranean diet adherence, healthiness, nutritional quality, and food allergen management at 44 restaurants in Tarragona Province. Restaurants partially met the Mediterranean-adherent diet and food allergen management criteria. Dishes’ nutritional content should be improved by increasing fibre and decreasing saturated fat. Considering food allergen management as a point to improve, staff training is needed. 2) A systematic review (35 Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and 6 non-RCTs) and meta-analysis (16 RCTs) evaluated effective interventions in restaurants and canteens to improve healthy meals’ availability, purchase, and intake. Interventions implemented mainly in school canteens increased dietary intake and healthy food availability, and decreased fat intake. Purchase of healthy foods was partially effective. 3) A systematized review (8 RCTs) evaluated app-based (mHealth) interventions in increasing fruit and vegetable intake. Effective interventions lasted two to nine months, targeted population with healthy dietary goals, and include dietary feedback, self-monitoring, and remote coaching support strategies. 4) A systematic search of 14 apps about food allergy or intolerance assessed their quality by the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS). Apps showed acceptable quality, although engagement should be improved for food product and restaurant purpose apps. 5) A study described the Healthy Meals web app (eHealth) development, usability, quality assessment, and validation. The app proved its usability, quality, and validity in dishes’ nutritional content assessment. In conclusion, effective strategies were identified and recommendations were designed for restaurants to improve healthy meal offerings and food allergen management. mHealth and eHealth are innovative technologies to support dishes’ food allergen and nutritional content assessments.
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Varas, Cartagena Sebastián Iván. "Desarrollo del emprendimiento Hungry Meals experiencias multi culturales en torno a una comida." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/141023.

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Magíster en Gestión para la Globalización
La presente tesis tiene como objetivo evaluar el desarrollo del emprendimiento Hungry Meals, plataforma que, basada en las economías compartidas, pretende establecer un vínculo entre estudiantes universitarios con habilidades culinarias y sus invitados mediante la oferta y gestión de experiencias multi culturales en torno a una comida de bajo precio entregándoles la posibilidad de conectarse y compartir sus tradiciones. La motivación detrás de este emprendimiento nace de la necesidad de los estudiantes universitarios, principalmente internacionales, de generar ingresos adicionales, alimentarse de forma adecuada a bajo precio y conocer y crear vínculos con sus compañeros de universidad. Este vínculo se realizará en torno a eventos culturales/culinarios privados mediados por la plataforma de Hungry Meals que proveerá el servicio de difusión, sistematización de la información, gestión de pagos y calificación de usuarios. Por este servicio Hungry Meals cobrará una comisión de un 20% de la cuota cobrada a cada uno de los asistentes a un evento. El análisis realizado muestra la sensibilidad del modelo de negocios respecto del crecimiento de usuarios y también valida la posibilidad de continuar con un modelo que no considere aportes de capital externo financiándose exclusivamente a través de la operación del negocio. Por este motivo y la limitación que significa un mercado de nicho para inversionistas maduros, se concluyó que el crecimiento orgánico basado en los propios ingresos es una estrategia adecuada para este emprendimiento. Lo anterior, considerando también los márgenes crecientes y el flujo de caja positivo proyectados al cuarto año, los cuales entregan un valor actual neto de alrededor de $120.000 AUD.
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42

Walsh, Alexandra Margaret. "Implicit and Explicit Emotional Responses to Light Induced Milk Oxidation and Breakfast Meals." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79793.

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Emotional responses, whether approach or withdrawal motivated, are fundamental factors in all food-related experiences. In this research project four experiments were completed with the goal of contributing to the growing body of research related to food and emotions. Implicit (unstated) measures of attention, emotional expression, and motivational behavior tendencies were assessed as additional supportive information for explicit (cognitive) measures of acceptability and emotional response to food and attributes of food with quality and safety concerns. Differences in explicit responses were evaluated using a 9-point hedonic scale, check-all-that-apply (CATA) emotion term questionnaire, and a six basic emotion intensity ratings scale. Implicit responses of emotion, attention and motivational behaviors were measured using automated facial expression analysis (AFEA), eye-tracking technology, electrocardiography (ECG) and electroencephalography (EEG). An initial study on light-induced milk oxidation flavor quality indicated reliable explicit measures of emotion and consumer acceptability, while AFEA showed a wide range of facial expression. In a following study, five different control breakfast meal videos were created; three were matched with a nearly identical video that contained one of three food concerns, food spoilage quality, hygiene quality and safety. Explicit measures provided solid support for the expected explicit response differences between food concerning and control breakfast meal types. Implicit measures of heart rate, facial motor expressions and frontal cortex asymmetries (brain activity) were only minimally informative across each measure or conclusive across meal types. The use of time series statistical analyses illustrated temporal changes in emotions when compared to a control condition, which was not evident using traditional analysis of variance approaches. A visual attention study investigated use of eye tracking as an indicator of the emotional responses elicited. Eye tracking technologies, as well as the other implicit measures (ECG, EEG, and AFEA), encountered similar limitations pertaining to participant variability due to personal preferences and characteristics, as well as a need for standard methodologies with food as stimuli and appropriate control conditions. With further research in this area of study, implicit measures of emotion, attention and motivational behaviors may provide additional valuable information to more traditional explicit affective methodologies for a greater understanding of the overall consumer food experience.
Ph. D.
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43

Johansson, Linda. "Foodwork and meals in everyday life among persons with dementia and their partners." Doctoral thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-21179.

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The aim of this thesis was to explore and describe foodwork and meals for older persons with dementia and their partners in ordinary homes. Descriptive and explorative designs were used in the four papers this thesis is based on. Longitudinal data, including older home-living unlike-sex twins, were analysed using descriptive and analytical statistics. An ethnographic approach was used to describe everyday life for persons with dementia. Interviews with partners and staff were analysed using thematic analysis and qualitative content analysis, respectively. The results revealed that, among home-living older persons, there is an association between a person’s cognitive ability and nutritional status; i.e. low cognitive ability leads to increased risk of malnutrition. For home-living persons with dementia and their partners, foodwork and meals sometimes changed, meaning that shopping, preparing food and eating as well as social interaction become complicated, which seemed to lead to transitions in roles, routines and relations. There was foodwork that the persons with dementia could perform, and participants expressed a desire that abilities and independence be preserved. However, support was sometimes needed, and it was emphasized that this was based on the person’s needs, wishes and problems. In conclusion, there is an association between decreased cognitive ability and increased risk of malnutrition. Furthermore, foodwork and meals affected both persons with dementia and their partners. Therefore, early intervention whereby both partners in a couple get individually adjusted support is of importance. Consequently, a person-centred care approach can be useful in arranging the support.
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44

Hast, Matteus. "Evaluation of machine learning algorithms for customer demand prediction of in-flight meals." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-255020.

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This study aims to evaluate multiple Machine Learning Algorithms (MLAs) for estimating the customer demand of in-flight meals. As a result of the review of related works, four MLAs were selected, namely Linear Regression (LR), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and a Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP). The study investigates which MLA is best suited for the problem at hand and which features are most influential for customer demand prediction of in-flight meals. Focus is put on finding applicable MLAs and on evaluating, comparing and tweaking the parameters of the MLAs to further optimise the selected models. The available data set comes from a single airline company and consists mainly of flights with a short to medium long flight duration time.The results show that the four evaluated models, LR, SVR, XGBoost and MLP performs with no significant difference against one another and are comparable in their performance in regard to estimation accuracy with results close to each other’s. However, the SVR model underperforms in regard to model fitting and prediction time in comparison towards the remaining three models. Furthermore, the most important feature for customer demand prediction of in-flight meals is the scheduled flight duration time.
Syftet med den här studien är att utvärdera ett flertal maskininlärningsalgoritmer för prediktering av konsumentefterfrågan för måltider under flygning. Undersökningen över tidigare arbeten utförda i liknande fält resulterade i att fyra maskininlärningsalgoritmer blev valda, nämligen linjär regression, stödvektormaskin för regression, Extreme Gradient Boosting och ett flerlagersperceptron-neuronnät. Studien utforskar vilken maskininlärningsalgoritm som är bäst anpassad för att prediktera problemet samt vilka egenskaper i datat som är mest inflytesrika när det handlar om att prediktera konsumentefterfrågan av måltider under flygning. Fokus ligger på att finna applicerbara maskininlärningsalgoritmer och på att utvärdera, jämföra samt på att justera parametrarna i syfte till att optimera modellerna. Den tillgängliga datan härstammar från ett enstaka flygbolag och består mestadels av korta och mediumlånga flyg.Resultatet påvisar att de fyra modellerna, linjär regression, en stödvektormaskin för regression, Extreme Gradient Boosting och ett flerlagersperceptron-neuronnät presterar utan någon signifikant skillnad gentemot varandra och är jämförbara i deras prestation i avseende till predikteringprecision med liknande resultat. I avseende till modellanpassningsoch predikteringstid underpresterar dock stödvektormaskinen avsevärt i jämförelse med de resterande tre modellerna. Resultatet visar även att den viktigaste egenskapen i datat för prediktering av konsumentefterfrågan av måltider under flygning är den schemalagda flygtiden.
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45

Göransson, Emilia. "Preschool Staff perception of the pedagogical meal : A mixed methods study of the pedagogical work with meals in Swedish preschools from 2005 to 2020." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Avdelningen för mat- och måltidsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-21800.

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Meals in Swedish preschools has undergone change between 2005 and 2020 regarding meals as important pedagogical tools. Due to new guidelines for conducting preschool meals presented by the Swedish Food Agency an increased focus has been placed on pedagogy during the meals to help develop the minds of young children. Previous research has shown that preschool staff had little to no education on food and meal or how to conduct pedagogical meals. To understand how the preschool staff, perceive the pedagogical meal and how it has changed over time, a convergent mixed method with a survey and interviews was used. The results showed that the staff does not have formal education on food, meal and how to conduct pedagogical meals, but instead rely on peer learning. They perceive themselves as role models in forming a positive relationship with the social and nutritional aspects of food and meal. While their job has many positive aspects, they face challenges with stress and increasing child groups. As the role of preschool staff has changed, from making sure children eat, to socially participating in the meal, the guidelines have changed alongside the role.
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46

Jones, Lynne Marie. "An exploratory study of perception of meal and service quality/in the Title III C congregate meals program: a comparison between management and participants." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76438.

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Little attention has been paid in the literature to participant perception of, and attitudes toward, program and service quality in the congregate meals program. Based upon the scarcity of knowledge in this area, managers and participants in the Title III C meals program in Montgomery County, Maryland were surveyed to explore how differences in perception of program and service quality affect participant acceptance and evaluation of the program. A nutrition monitoring instrument was designed for managers at 14 meal sites to assess major components of the food service operation. A survey addressing participant perception of meal quality, meal acceptance, program administration and management, and food service personnel was designed and administered to 264 participants. The two surveys contained 17 identical or similar questions to identify any perceptual differences. Several social variables such as age, educational level, sex, marital status, living arrangement and acquisition of information about the program were found to significantly influence participant response to certain questions. Significant differences in perception between managers and participants were found in response to questions regarding availability of nutrition education lessons, need for therapeutic diets, adequacy of program transportation, temperatures at which food was served, and the degree to which substitutions were made for posted menu items. The results of this research will be used to make suggestions for program planning and evaluation, as well as to aid in continuous quality assurance.
Master of Science
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47

Kling, Leslie A. "Using metaphorical techniques in focus groups to uncover feelings of mothers toward family meals." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 85 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459903861&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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48

Nabasenja, Caroline. "Radiation doses for barium meals and barium enemas in the Western Cape South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1560.

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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Technology Radiography (Diagnostic) in the Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology 2009
Since their discovery in 1895, the use of x-rays is continuously evolving in medicine making the diagnosis of injuries and diseases more practicable. It is therefore not surprising that x-rays contribute 90% of the radiation dose to the population from manmade sources (DWP, 1992). Moreover, these radiation doses are associated with both fatal and non-fatal cancer risk that is detrimental to adults between 20 to 60 years (Wall, 1996). Radiation dose to individuals therefore needs to be actively monitored in order to minimise such risk. Barium contrast examinations were characterised as one of the radiological examinations that contributed enormously to the collective dose to the patients in the radiology department (DWP, 1992). Determining the diagnostic reference levels of such examinations would reduce the over-exposure of individuals to ionising radiation. Currently in South Africa (SA), there are no diagnostic dose reference levels for barium meal (BaM) and barium enema (BaE) examinations. This study therefore investigated the radiation doses delivered to patients referred for BaM and BaE, obtained potential regional reference doses for these examinations, compared the radiation doses obtained with those from similar dosimetry studies and investigated sources of dose variation among the study sites. A total of 25 BaM and 30 BaE patients in the age range 18 to 85 years, weighing 50 kg to 90 kg, at 3 hospitals in the Western Cape, SA were investigated. The radiation dose to the patients was measured using Dose Area Product (DAP) meters that were permanently fitted onto fixed fluoroscopy units at these 3 hospitals. The third quartile DAP values were 20.1 Gycm2 and 36.5 Gycm2 for BaM and BaE respectively. The median DAP values were 13.6 Gycm2 and 27.8 Gycm2 for BaM and BaE respectively. The median values were recommended as the potential Diagnostic Reference Levels for BaM and BaE as they are less affected by outlying values of under or over- weight (Yakoumakis, Tsalafoutas, Sandilos, Koulentianos et al, 1999). The weights of the patients, fluoroscopy time, the number of images obtained, the use of digital or conventional fluoroscopy equipment and the level of training of the radiologists were the factors considered for dose variation among the 3 hospitals.
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49

Forsberg, Sarah. "Home Delivered Meals II : older Adults Sensory Perceptions and Satisfaction from Assistant Nurses Perspective." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för hälsovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-20128.

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Introduction: Overall meal satisfaction and sensory properties of the food have been seen to impact the nutritional status in older adults living in residential care homes. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on home-dwelling older adults’ perceptions and satisfaction of home delivered meals. Objective: The purpose was to examine home-dwelling older adults’ sensory perceptions and satisfaction of home-delivered meals from the assistant nurses’ perspective. Method: The present study was the quantitative follow-up phase of a mixed method study with an exploratory sequential design. Data was collected through an online survey regarding assistant nurses’ (N=74) experiences of their care recipients satisfaction and perceptions of appearance, odor, flavor and texture of the meals. Result: The nurses reported that most care recipients appreciate the sensory properties of the meals. However, the perceptions of texture and flavor varied considerably as the texture of vegetables were perceived as either hard or soft, and the meat was perceived as either chewy or easy to chew. Moreover, the flavor of the meals were perceived as either tasty or tasteless. Sensory properties were important for the care recipients’ meal experience, and odor (OR= 6.15, p= 0,03,) and flavor (OR= 5.71, p= 0,05) were significant predictors for meal satisfaction. However, satisfaction could not be correlated to type of delivery system. Conclusion: Chewing difficulties and deteriorating smell and taste senses could be a reason for the great variation of the reported perceptions of texture and flavor. To increase older adults’ acceptability, more focus on choice of products and cooking techniques might be a way to improve the texture and flavor of the meals. Furthermore, due to selection bias the result cannot be generalized.
Introduktion: Nöjdhet och måltidens sensoriska egenskaper påverkar äldres nutritionsstatus i särskilt boende. Det finns dock brist på studier om hemmaboende äldres sensoriska uppfattningar och acceptans. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka hemmaboende äldres sensoriska perceptioner och acceptans av hemlevererade måltider från undersköterskornas perspektiv. Metod: Studien är den andra uppföljande fasen av en mixed method studie med en exploratory sequential design. Kvantitativ data samlades in genom en online enkät med både slutna och öppna frågor om undersköterskors (N=74) erfarenhet av vårdtagarnas nöjdhet samt upplevelser av måltidernas smak, doft, utseende och textur. Resultat: Undersköterskorna rapporterade att de flesta vårdtagarna uppskattar de sensoriska egenskaperna av måltiderna men att upplevelsen av textur och smak varierade betydligt. Texturen på grönsakerna upplevdes antingen som hårda eller mjuka och texturen på köttet upplevdes antingen som segt eller lättuggat. Smaken på måltiderna upplevdes också antingen som god eller inte god. Vidare var sensorisk kvalitet viktig för vårdtagarnas måltidsupplevelse, och doft (OR= 6.15, p= 0,03,) och smak (OR= 5.71, p= 0,05) var signifikanta prediktorer för måltidsnöjdhet, däremot kunde inte nöjdhet korreleras till typ av leveranssystem. Slutsatser: Tuggsvårigheter och försämrade lukt och smaksinnen skulle kunna vara en anledning till den rapporterade variationen i upplevelsen av textur och smak. Mer fokus på råvaror och tillagningsmetoder skulle kunna vara ett sätt förbättra texturen och smaken. Till följd av selektionsbias är inte resultatet generaliserbart.
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50

Jensen, Michelle Ann. "Meal preparation habits and diet quality of college students." Online version, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008jensenm.pdf.

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