Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mean electrical Axis

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Mean electrical Axis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Mean electrical Axis"

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Kuhn, Lisa, and Louise Rose. "ECG Interpretation Part 1: Understanding Mean Electrical Axis." Journal of Emergency Nursing 34, no. 6 (December 2008): 530–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2008.01.007.

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BROJBĂ, Cristian. "Determination of the Mean Electrical Axis in Dogs and Cats (Mini-Review)." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 75, no. 1 (May 19, 2018): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:004717.

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In this study we set out to reveal the practical importance of the determination of the mean electrical axis (MEA) in dogs and cats. The Hexaxial Reference System is used for the determination of the cardiac electrical axis. We described 2 methods, that are used the most frequently and we confirmed that the movement of the mean electrical axis is useful in the diagnosis of cardiac diseases.
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Anderson, J., and S. E. DiCarlo. ""Virtual" experiment for understanding the electrocardiogram and the mean electrical axis." Advances in Physiology Education 23, no. 1 (June 2000): S1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advances.2000.23.1.s1.

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Educators have placed an emphasis on the development of laboratory materials that supplement the traditional lecture format. The laboratory materials should encourage active learning, small group discussion, and problem-solving skills. To this end, we developed a virtual experiment designed to introduce students to the theory and application of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and the mean electrical axis (MEA). After reviewing background material, the students will analyze ECG recordings from two individuals who underwent a series of experimental procedures. The students are challenged to reduce and analyze the data, calculate and plot the MEA, and answer questions related to the theory and application of the ECG. In conducting the virtual experiment, students are introduced to inquiry-based learning through experimentation.
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CARNABUCI, Cristina, Rosalba TOGNETTI, Tommaso VEZZOSI, Federica MARCHESOTTI, Valentina PATATA, and Oriol DOMENECH. "Left shift of the ventricular mean electrical axis in healthy Doberman Pinschers." Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 81, no. 4 (2019): 620–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1292/jvms.18-0699.

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da Costa, Cássia Fré, Nelson Samesima, and Carlos Alberto Pastore. "Cardiac Mean Electrical Axis in Thoroughbreds—Standardization by the Dubois Lead Positioning System." PLOS ONE 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2017): e0169619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169619.

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Cooper, R., J. J. McGrath, S. Dooley, and M. T. Kopetzky. "Chronic exposure to carbon monoxide at high altitude: Effects on mean electrical axis." Physiology & Behavior 46, no. 1 (July 1989): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(89)90325-9.

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Brestenský, J., S. Ševčík, and L. Rosenberg. "Mean Electromotive Force Due to Magnetoconvection in Rotating Horizontal Layer in Dependence on Boundary Conditions." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 157 (1993): 457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900174625.

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The instability due to a vertical uniform temperature gradient is studied in a rapidly rotating horizontal layer of an electrically conducting fluid permeated by an azimuthal magnetic field linearly growing with the distance from the vertical axis of rotation. In addition to the boundary conditions used in So ward's study (1979), that is, force-free surface and perfect electrical and thermal conductivity outside, also other conditions more realistic for the Earth's core are considered, that is, rigid surface and electrically insulating walls. Using the concept of meanfield mlid mean electromotive and ponderomotive forces (E.M.F. and P.M.F.) are calculated and compared for various boundary conditions. The dependence of the E.M.F. and P.M.F. on the electromagnetic boundary conditions is strong (slight) if the boundaries are free (rigid).
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Sousa, Marlos G., Mariana C. H. Rondelli, Sheila S. S. Nogueira, and Roberta Carareto. "Influence of body position on the measurement of electrocardiographic waves in healthy dogs." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 38, no. 2 (February 2018): 340–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5071.

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ABSTRACT: The agreement between the electrocardiographic waves measured from tracings recorded in right lateral recumbency and several other unusual body positions was assessed. Electrocardiograms were recorded in 160 healthy dogs in right lateral, left lateral, dorsal and sternal recumbencies, as well as in standing position. Considering the right lateral recordings as the gold standard, the lowest biases for the majority of ECG parameters were calculated from left lateral recordings, whereas the highest biases were documented from dorsal and standing positions. For the mean electrical axis, the dorsal recumbency produced the lowest bias, while the greatest one was identified in sternal position. An analysis of variance indicated differences when the means of P wave duration and amplitude, duration of QRS and QT, and mean electrical axis obtained in unusual positions were compared with right lateral. In conclusion, left lateral recumbency produced the most similar measurements as compared to right lateral, but the wide limits of agreement preclude the use and interpretation of these positions interchangeably.
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Fathi, M. B., and S. A. Jafari. "Dynamical mean field theory equations on nearly real frequency axis." Physica B: Condensed Matter 405, no. 6 (March 2010): 1658–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2009.12.063.

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Sanyal, Sagar, Pradip Kumar Das, Probal Ranjan Ghosh, Kinsuk Das, Kezha V. Vupru, Chandan Rajkhowa, and Mohan Mondal. "Electrocardiogram of Clinically Healthy Mithun (Bos frontalis): Variation among Strains." Veterinary Medicine International 2010 (2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2010/790310.

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A study was conducted to establish the normal electrocardiogram in four different genetic strains of mithun (Bos frontalis). Electrocardiography, cardiac electrical axis, heart rate, rectal temperature and respiration rate were recorded in a total of 32 adult male mithun of four strains ( each). It was found that the respiration and heart rates were higher () in Manipur than other three strains. Amplitude () and duration of P wave and QRS complex differed () among the strains. Mizoram strain had the highest amplitude and duration of P wave and QRS complex. On the other hand, higher () amplitude and duration of T wave were recorded in Arunachalee and Mizoram strains. The mean electrical axis of QRS complex that were recorded for Arunachalee and Manipur strains were similar to that reported for other bovine species; whereas the electrical axis of QRS for Nagamese and Mizoram strains were more close to feline and caprine species, respectively. In conclusion, electrocardiogram of mithun revealed that the amplitude and duration of P wave, QRS complex and T wave were different among four different genetic strains of mithun and the electrical axis of QRS complex for Nagamese and Mizoram mithuns are dissimilar to bovine species.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mean electrical Axis"

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Abbasi, Mayar. "Semi automation of mean axis of rotation (MAR) analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119364.

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The Mean Axis of Rotation (MAR) Analysis is an analysis procedure used to diagnose problems in the cervical spine. Researchers have shown that many patient symptoms can be correlated to abnormal MAR placement [1], making MAR analysis an important tool in medical diagnosis. However, the current method of calculating the MAR for a single patient is manual, and very labour intensive, thus rendering it impractical to use MAR Analysis in a general clinical setting. This work presents a computer vision based tool which performs the MAR Analysis in a semi-automatic manner, greatly reducing the effort required by the manual procedure. While the results show that further research is required to improve the accuracy results of the semi-automatic MAR tool, the overall results demonstrate a 90% savings in effort, while still achieving high accuracy. The major effort required in the semi-automatic MAR tool consists of manually tracing the vertebrae on the x-rays. To reduce this effort, we explore approaches to automatic vertebrae segmentation in the second part of this work. While fully automatic segmentation is not achieved, a semi-automated segmentation tool is presented, which reduces the effort of tracing a vertebra by an average of 65%. The tool first over-segments the entire image into Super-Pixel regions, and then proactively merges similar regions of the desired object until it is segmented. The accuracy of this approach depends on the accuracy of the initial Super-Pixel segmentation, and currently this is not accurate enough to be used for the MAR Analysis. However, the semi-automated segmentation tool still represents a great improvement over other segmentation approaches for low-contrast, noisy medical images.
L'axe de rotation moyen (MAR) L'analyse est une méthode d'analyse utilisée pour diagnostiquer les problèmes de la colonne vertébrale cervicale. Les chercheurs ont montré que de nombreux symptômes du patient peuvent être corrélés à MAR placement anormal [1], ce qui rend MAR analyse un outil important dans le diagnostic médical. Cependant, la méthode actuelle de calcul de la MAR pour un seul patient est manuelle, et très vaste du travail, rendant ainsi impossible d'utiliser l'analyse MAR dans un cadre clinique général.Ce travail présente un outil de vision par ordinateur qui effectue l'analyse MAR d'une manière semi-automatique, ce qui réduit considérablement l'effort requis par la procédure manuelle. Bien que les résultats montrent que des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour améliorer les résultats de la précision de l'outil semi-automatique MAR, les résultats globaux montrent une économie de 90% de l'effort, tout en obtenant une haute précision.L'effort principal nécessaire à l'outil semi-automatique MAR consiste à tracer manuellement les vertèbres sur les radiographies. Afin de réduire cet effort, nous explorons les approches de segmentation automatique des vertèbres dans la deuxième partie de ce travail. Alors que la segmentation entièrement automatique n'est pas atteinte, un outil de segmentation semi-automatique est présenté, ce qui réduit l'effort de tracer une vertèbre en moyenne de 65%. L'outil fait une segmentation de la totalité de l'image en régions Super- pixels, puis fusionne de manière proactive des régions similaires de l'objet désiré jusqu'à ce qu'il soit segmenté. La précision de cette méthode dépend de la précision de la segmentation initiale en super-pixel, et actuellement ce n'est pas assez précis pour être utilisés pour l'analyse MAR. Cependant, l'outil de segmentation semi-automatique représente quand même une grande amélioration par rapport aux autres approches de segmentation sur les images médicales à faible contraste, bruyant.
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Stefan, Maisterow Taisa. "Variación del eje eléctrico medio en función al posicionamiento del paciente durante el registro electrocardiográfico." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2016. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/822.

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La electrocardiografía es una herramienta básica diagnóstica en la medicina veterinaria de animales de compañía, siendo la mejor alternativa para evaluar la actividad eléctrica del corazón en forma no invasiva. Sin embargo, cambios en el posicionamiento del paciente pueden ocasionar cambios en las medidas del complejo PQRST y desencadenar diagnósticos errados. El propósito de este estudio fue detectar posibles variaciones de la dirección del eje eléctrico medio cuando el registro se hace en posición decúbito lateral izquierdo en lugar de la posición estándar en decúbito lateral derecho, para analizar la variación en los resultados de acuerdo al posicionamiento del paciente. El estudio se realizó en 100 canes aparentemente sanos de ambos sexos, mayores a 1 año de edad y de cualquier peso. Se registraron dos electrocardiogramas por cada paciente: decúbito lateral derecho e izquierdo, que luego fueron analizados uno por uno; los resultados del cálculo del eje eléctrico medio fueron comparados, llegando a la conclusión que no son similares y que la posición decúbito lateral derecho es irreemplazable para el cálculo del eje eléctrico medio cardiaco en caninos.Electrocardiography is a basic diagnostic tool in veterinary medicine pet, being the best non-invasively alternative to assess the electrical activity of the heart. However, changes in patient positioning may cause changes in measures of PQRST complex and trigger misdiagnoses. The purpose of this study was to detect possible changes in the direction of the mean electrical axis when the register is in left lateral position (LL) instead of the standard right lateral position (RL), to analyze the variation in results according to patient positioning. The study was conducted in 100 apparently healthy male and female dogs, older than 1 year of age and of any weight. Two electrocardiograms were registered for each patient: right and left lateral decubitus, which were then analyzed one by one; two electrocardiograms were performed for each patient the results of the calculation of the average electrical axis were compared, concluding that they are not similar and that the right lateral decubitus position is irreplaceable for calculating mean electrical axis of the heart in dogs.
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Book chapters on the topic "Mean electrical Axis"

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"Appendix 3: Mean Electrical Axis." In Guide to Canine and Feline Electrocardiography, 381–86. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119254355.app3.

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Garcia-Rodriguez, Luis-Fernando, Juan Diego Rosero Ariza, Jorge Luis Chacón Velazco, and Julian Ernesto Jaramillo Ibarra. "Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Design and Installation at Chicamocha Canyon." In Entropy and Exergy in Renewable Energy [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99374.

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The use of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) in Colombia could tackle the energy distribution difficulties as large parts of the territory are not connected to the electrical grid. The present chapter explains how to design and select an accurate VAWT for a mountain site, (the Chicamocha’s canyon) by characterizing the wind energy potential, selecting the appropriate blade’s airfoil, and design its corresponding blades to obtain an accurate VAWT performance. This methodology can be used to design and allocate a VAWT for residential use, as it tackles the critical point on wind energy design and selection. It is found feasible the use of wind energy at the location where the mean year density power is 485 [W/m^2], and the DU06W200 airfoil is suggested as its aerodynamic efficiency (cl/cd) overcomes by 14% the commonly used NACA0018. Finally, straight blades are recommended to overcome the inertial effects of the low wind velocity at the location.
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Mondal, Sibabrata, and Dipankar Bose. "Evaluation of Surface Roughness in Wire Electrical Discharge Turning Process." In Machine Learning Applications in Non-Conventional Machining Processes, 114–36. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3624-7.ch008.

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This investigation presents an experimental investigation in developing small cylindrical pins in electrolytic tough pitch copper (ETP Cu) material using wire electrical discharge turning (WEDT) to evaluate surface roughness of the cylindrical turning faces. The material ETP Cu is soft in nature and has growing range of application in the field of aerospace and electronics industries for advanced applications. In this process, a customized rotary spindle has been developed and added to five-axis CNC wire electrical discharge machine (WEDM) and straight turning of the cylindrical pin has been done up to a length of 15mm with 0.5mm diameter. Under this investigation, 31 experiments along with two confirmation tests have been carried out to study the influence of four design factors—pulse on time, pulse off time, spindle speed, and servo voltage—on the machining performance of surface roughness by means the technique of design of experiment (DOE).
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Newnham, Robert E. "Stress and strain." In Properties of Materials. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198520757.003.0012.

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Stress (force per unit area) and strain (change in length per unit length) are both symmetric second rank tensors like the dielectric constant, but they are not property tensors. Experimenters are at liberty to apply different types of forces to a specimen, therefore there is no reason that the stress tensors (and the resulting strain tensor) must conform to the crystal symmetry. Stress and strain tensors do not obey Neumann’s Law. They are sometimes called field tensors to distinguish them from property tensors like the dielectric constant. Property tensors are relationships between field tensors. For the same reason, electric and magnetic fields are first rank field tensors, as are magnetization and polarization. They do not obey the symmetry principles as first rank property tensors such as pyroelectricity or the magnetocaloric effect are required to do. In arbitrary coordinate systems, the state of stress in a specimen is described by nine components of the stress tensor: The first subscript refers to the direction of the force, the second to the normal to the face on which the force acts. To prevent translational motion, each force is balanced by an equal and opposite force on the reverse side of the specimen. Stress component X22 is a tensile stress in which both the force and the normal are along Z2, and X12 is a shear stress in which a force along Z1 acts on a face normal to Z2. For static equilibrium, the torques must be balanced, otherwise rotation occurs; this means that the stress tensor must be symmetric with X12 = X21, X13 = X31, and X23 = X32. Thus the stress state is specified by six independent components: three tensile stresses X11, X22, and X33, and three shear components X12, X13, and X23. For an arbitrary axial system (new axes) the general stress tensor can be rewritten as a 6 × 1 column matrix: The first three components in the column matrix are tensile stresses along Z'1, Z '2, Z '3, and the last three are shear stresses about Z '1, Z '2, Z '3. Both the tensor and matrix forms are widely used in the literature.
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"coils is also presented in Section 2. The simulation produced by the Helmholtz coils, which damages the results about the optimum parameter for Helmholtz uniform magnetic field. Therefore, theoretical coils are presented in Section 3. Finally, conclusion parameters of Helmholtz coils cannot be used and further work are outlined in Section 4. directly in edge detection. By extracting temperature information using COMSOL via the AC/DC module, we can confirm which optimum parameters 2 METHODOLOGY AND EXPERIMENT SETUP of Helmholtz coils can produce most effective Helmholtz coils are a special arrangement of air-excitation for edge detection. cored coils, and they are all used as a means of This simulation is conducted using COMSOL generating magnetic fields that are uniform over a multiphysics FEM simulation software via the volume (Cakir ). According to Biot-Savart AC/DC module. Fig. 1 shows the constitution of law, magnetic flux density at any point on the axis of Helmholtz coils testing, where r is the minor radius Helmholtz coils can be calculated from Equation (1) of Helmholtz coils, r is the major radius of (Bronaugh )： Helmholtz coils, h is the sample height, d is the N Ir N Ir distance between Helmholtz coils edge and sample H  H H   (1) edge, and z is the distance between Helmholtz coils. 2  r a  2  r a  The physical characteristics of the model to be simulated and studied are given in Table 1. The According to the definition of Helmholtz coils, geometry of the sample is 40502 mm ; the r  r  r , N  N 1 and 2a  2a  r . major and minor radii of Helmholtz coils are equal Using Taylor series expansion and calculating the to 10 mm and 2 mm, respectively, and the turns differential of H (0) (when z  0 ), after some equal 1. The excitation module is a small period (0.3 s) of high-frequency current (256 kHz). manipulation, Equation (1) becomes Table 1. Electrical and thermal parameters for steel  144  z   used in the simulation H ( z )  H (0)   1   125  r   (2)     ." In Structural Health Monitoring and Integrity Management, 200–202. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18510-65.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mean electrical Axis"

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Le, Kjell, Trygve Eftestøl, Kjersti Engan, Øyunn Kleiven, and Stein Ørn. "Invariant Mean Electrical Axis in Electrocardiogram." In 2018 Computing in Cardiology Conference. Computing in Cardiology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2018.151.

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Onol, A. O., U. Sancar, A. Onat, and S. Yesilyurt. "Model Predictive Control for Energy Maximization of Small Vertical Axis Wind Turbines." In ASME 2015 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2015-9891.

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In this paper, a model predictive control (MPC) approach is presented to maximize the energy generated by a small vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) subject to current and voltage constraints of electrical and power electronic components. Our method manipulates a load coefficient and optimizes the control trajectory over a prediction horizon such that a cost function that measures the deviation from the maximum available energy and the violation of current and voltage constraints is minimized. Simplified models for the VAWT and a permanent magnet generator have been used. A number of simulations have been carried out to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method at step and oscillatory wind conditions. Furthermore, impacts of the constraints on energy generation have been investigated. Moreover, the performance of the MPC has been compared with a typical maximum power point tracking algorithm in order to show that maximizing the instantaneous power does not mean maximizing the energy; and simulation results have shown that the MPC outperforms the maximum power point tracking algorithm in terms of generated energy by allowing deviations from the maximum power instantaneously for future gains in energy generation.
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Ko, Sung Hee, Horim Lee, and Kwan Hyoung Kang. "Hydrodynamic Flows in Electrowetting." In ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52059.

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In this work, we found experimentally that there exist fairly strong fluid flows in AC electrowetting, which can be utilized as a means to mix the fluids in EWOD-based micro-devices. We visualized the internal flow. There may exist two distinct flow-generation mechanisms; one is the droplet oscillation, and the other is the electrohydrodynamic flow. The flow pattern is significantly dependent on the applied AC frequency. At low frequencies (represented here by 1 kHz), the center of the vortices is located somewhat randomly and the flow directs upward near the symmetric axis. At high frequencies (represented by 128 kHz), however, a pair of vortices having quite a regular structure is clearly visible and the flow directs downward near the symmetric axis. The flow patterns are strongly dependent on the position of the point electrode. The droplet surface undergoes a periodic oscillation (visualized by a high-speed camera) with a frequency exactly twice the frequency of applied electrical signal. The oscillating interface can generate a steady streaming. However the numerical results show that there exists no electric field at low AC frequencies. On the contrary, there exists quite a strong electric field inside the droplet at high frequencies. It means the electrohydrodynamic flow cannot be generated at the low frequency region, and the droplet oscillation might cause the flow generation at low frequencies. We also demonstrated the flow can be beneficially utilized as a mixing method.
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Bidault, Florence, Chin-Pun Teng, and Jorge Angeles. "Structural Optimization of a Spherical Parallel Manipulator Using a Two-Level Approach." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21030.

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Abstract The Agile Wrist, a spherical wrist with a parallel, isotropic architecture for highest orientational accuracy, is being designed as a module of an 11-degree-of-freedom (dof) robot. The wrist consists of two main elements, the base and the moving plates. The two plates are coupled by means of three identical legs, each of these composed of two links, proximal and distal, coupled to each other by a revolute joint. Each leg, in turn, is coupled to its proximal plate via revolute joints. Moreover, the three axes of the leg-revolute joints are concurrent at the center of the wrist, each axis making an angle of 90° with its neighbor. Direct-drive DC motors are used to rotate the wrist proximal links and electrical brakes and optical encoders are located on each of the motor shafts for control purposes. In this paper we introduce a two-level approach to the optimum design of the proximal link of the Agile Wrist. First, the shape of the midcurve producing minimum stress concentrations is obtained by means of the concept of curve synthesis using cubic splines. At the second level, the optimum cross-section along the midcurve producing a link of minimum weight is determined.
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O’Hern, T. J., S. M. Trujillo, J. B. Oelfke, P. R. Tortora, and S. L. Ceccio. "Solids-Loading Measurements in a Gas-Solid Riser." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56602.

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Gas-solid multiphase flows are commonly used in chemical processing, petroleum fluid catalytic cracking, and other industrial applications. The distribution of the solid phase in gas-solid flows (generally in the form of small particles) is seldom uniform, but more commonly involves clusters, streamers, and core-annular distributions, depending on the flow orientation and the overall gas and solid flowrates and their ratio. For this reason, tomographic techniques are of great interest for measurement of cross-sectional solids distributions in such flows. The cross-sectional profiles of solids loading can be integrated to yield a cross-sectionally averaged solids loading. Determination of this averaged solids loading is needed to understand the axial variations of solids loading and its sensitivity to flow parameters and to optimize performance. A common technique for determining volume-averaged solids loading in vertical flows like the riser section of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) is by measurement of the time-averaged axial pressure gradients along the riser axis (differential pressure or ΔP method). Neglecting acceleration and wall friction, the axial momentum balance simplifies to equate the multiphase hydrostatic pressure term with the pressure gradient along the axis. Many authors (e.g., Louge and Chang, 1990) have pointed out the neglected terms in this approach and generally show that ΔP is applicable in the special cases of no solids-loading gradient (fully developed flow) or small solids flux. A more generally applicable technique for measuring solids loading in gas-solid flows is gamma tomography. A gamma tomography system using a 100-mCi Cs-137 source collimated into a fan beam and an array of scintillation detectors, has been developed and implemented for application to a cold-flow (non-reacting) CFB. The CFB has a 14-cm-ID 6-m tall riser, and is currently operated with a multiphase mixture of air and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst particles. Typical operating conditions include mean superficial gas velocities up to 7.4 m/s and solids fluxes up to approximately 100 kg/m2·s. Quantitative comparison of gamma- and ΔP-determined solids loadings was made over a range of operating conditions (combination of superficial gas velocity and solids flux). Results indicate that the differences between gamma and ΔP-determined cross-sectionally averaged solids loading are most pronounced near the base of the riser, where solids concentration is highest and the mixture is accelerating. Higher in the riser, the agreement is better. Additionally, the difference is larger in cases of higher superficial gas velocity. In addition, several studies were performed to design an electrical-impedance tomography (EIT) system for a gas-solid flow to collect data suitable for validating computational models. A two-electrode bulk impedance system was studied experimentally. The required accuracy, spatial resolution and temporal resolution of an EIT system are addressed, and modeling and reconstruction are discussed. Bulk solid volume fractions measured by the two-electrode system and by gamma-densitometry tomography are in general agreement. Experiments with the two-electrode system also show that the Maxwell-Hewitt relation, used to convert the mixture impedance to solid volume fraction, must be applied carefully, paying attention to the identity of the dispersed and continuous phases. The design of a 16-electrode system is also described.
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Fortunato, Bernardo, Sergio Mario Camporeale, Marco Torresi, Davide De Fazio, and Mauro Giordani. "Experimental Results of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-25251.

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In the present paper the new wind tunnel located in the Fluid-dynamic Laboratory of the Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Gestionale (DIMeG) of the Bari Polytechnic will be shortly described and the first experimental measurements on a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) will be shown. The DIMeG wind tunnel has been designed by the research group on wind energy of the Department. It is a subsonic, closed loop, wind tunnel with a transparent test part where small scale models can be analyzed. A four bladed axial fan is driven by an asynchronous three phase electric motor, which is connected to an inverter in order to change the wind speed. Angular blades have been inserted at the two curves between the fan and the test section in order to increase the uniformity of the velocity profile after the two curves. An optimization fluid-dynamic study has been carried out in order to find the best blade profile. A honeycomb has been also inserted upstream the test section in order to destroy the still existing small vorticity generated by the fan and the curves. A three-axis traversing, called Cartesian robot, has been designed and built above the test section, in order to move the hot wire probe, for wind speed measurements, by means of four step by step electric motors controlled by a personal computer. A data acquisition system has been set up. All the principal commands and controls can be performed by a dedicated personal computer, which has been programmed using LabVIEW® G-programming language. The first experimental activity has been performed on a VAWT model, of the Giromill type with parallel blades. The turbine has been connected to an AC brushless servo, able to control the braking torque. Experimental results of the flow field in two horizontal planes have been set up using a two component hot wire probe (Dantec 55R51) calibrated with the manual system Dantec 54H10. The measurement grid adopted is formed by 20 nodes in the Y direction (main flow direction) and 10 nodes in the X direction.
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7

Jericha, H., E. Göttlich, T. Selic, and W. Sanz. "Novel Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine With Articulated Blading." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68969.

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In this work a novel vertical-axis wind turbine is presented which can catch a wide range of wind velocities at high efficiencies. The wind turbine consists of a rotatable horizontal platform, where three symmetric blades are arranged which rotate with half of the platform angular speed but in opposite direction relative to it. The rotation of the blades allows them to adapt to the varying angle of attack of the wind during one revolution of the platform. The important characteristic is the design feature that the blades are inclined outwards to the vertical axis of the platform by an angle of about 20 deg. The inclination leads to an increased circumferential velocity along the blade span, so that the increasing wind velocity with height can be better captured. Also the chord length of the blades increases with the spanwise position. In order to better utilize the wind flow, guide vanes can be arranged which increase the flow to those blades currently moving with the wind and in return flow can even give proper windshield. The articulated blades are connected to the horizontal platform via a special planetary bevel gear box, so that the relative rotational movement of them is controlled by the rotating platform, in fact a rotating gear box. This unit itself is connected to a generator thus producing electrical energy. The wind turbine can be tracked to a changed wind direction by means of rotating the stationary center bevel-gear wheel, which at given wind direction is then kept at constant position. In this paper the design of wind turbine is described in detail and the advantages of the novel vertical-axis turbine are discussed. First CFD investigations of a 2D section without guide vanes are presented. They show that maximum power can be achieved for a wide range of speed ratios. The calculated power coefficient is about 0.36, an interesting value for vertical-axis wind turbines.
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Tasch, U., P. Moubarak, W. Tang, L. Zhu, R. M. Lovering, J. Roche, and R. J. Bloch. "An Instrument That Simultaneously Measures Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters and Ground Reaction Forces of Locomoting Rats." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59085.

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We describe an instrument that assesses two features of the gait of rats, spatiotemporal paw movement variables (SPMV) and ground reaction forces (GRF) in the vertical direction. The GRF and the SPMV variables are measured electrically by eight single axis load-cells that support two floor plates. We can derive four gait parameters from the SPMV and GRF measured by the instrument: the stride length of individual limbs, the maximum and mean vertical ground forces, and the intensity of the vibrations created by each paw during locomotion. Measurements of the vertical GRF show errors of less than 3.5%; errors in the determination of the paw positions, used to derive stride lengths, are less than 9 mm. Here we report the stride length, maximum and mean GRF values, and the intensity of the floor vibrations of healthy adult mature rats. Our instrument is capable of evaluating changes in these gait parameters in rat models of injury and disease.
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9

Vratny, Patrick C., Sascha Kaiser, Arne Seitz, and Stefan Donnerhack. "Performance Investigation of Cycle-Integrated Parallel Hybrid Turboshafts." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-57539.

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Motivated by the long term target settings for research and innovation in Europe and in North America, initial investigations of parallel hybrid electric power plant systems have indicated significant fuel reduction potentials for short range air transport. While an electric motor assists the gas turbine in suppling mechanical power to the gas turbine within the classical parallel hybrid topology, in the present paper, a more sophisticated variant, namely the Cycle-Integrated Parallel Hybrid (CIPH) is considered. More specifically, the design and performance implications of a CIPH power plant architecture are investigated with regard to an advanced turboshaft (TS) engine application for helicopters. For this purpose, an array of compressor stages of the baseline TS power plant are decoupled from the turbine section, and are driven mechanically independently by means of electric motors. The baseline power plant of the investigated concept is derived for a 12-ton-helicopter accommodating 19 passengers on a 450nm mission. It consists of an axi-centrifugal compressor powered by the high pressure turbine as well as a free low pressure (power) turbine delivering a maximum shaft power of 3300 kW. For the presented CIPH concept, the axial compressor section is electrified with the help of linear electric motors mounted at the blade tips. Due to typical design characteristics of electric motors, counter rotating stages are considered most appropriate for the targeted TS power plant application. The electric motor power supply is realized through a Power Management And Distribution system featuring proper levels of redundancy. For the electrical energy storage, advanced battery technology is taken into account. Hybrid electric Energy and Propulsion Systems (EPS) can be characterized meaningfully by the degree of power hybridization, HP, being defined as the ratio of the installed electric power to the total power. For the presented CIPH application, a best and balanced HP of 19.7% has been identified. In typical part load operation, this may lead to relative Power Specific Fuel Consumption (PSFC) improvements of up to 45% and overall efficiency has been almost doubled compared to the TS reference. With the implementation of electric power within the cycle, additional degrees of freedom for power plant operation and control can be established. At vehicular level, a retrofitted version of the reference helicopter equipped with the CIPH TS propulsion system faces more than 50% reduced range, but simultaneously reduces total energy consumption (fuel plus electrical) by 28% and CO2 by 42% compared to the reference vehicle at identical reduced range.
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10

Sracic, Michael W., Jordan D. Petrie, Henry A. Moroder, Ryan T. Koniecko, Andrew R. Abramczyk, and Kamlesh Suthar. "Acoustic Pressure Fields Generated With a High Frequency Acoustic Levitator." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71849.

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Acoustic levitation is an advantageous particle positioning mechanism currently employed for applications of x-ray spectroscopy and micro-material manufacturing[1], [2]. By levitating a particle using only acoustic pressure waves, one eliminates the need for a container or other physical structure which may contaminate the specimen. Unfortunately, the pressure field generated by a standing acoustic wave is susceptible to periodic instabilities, and a particle that is levitated in this field tends to vibrate. The amplitude of the vibration is largest in the directions that are orthogonal to the axis in which the acoustic wave is generated. Therefore, by generating additional acoustic waves in each orthogonal axis, the vibration amplitude of the levitated particle is significantly reduced. The authors have shown this phenomenon to be true in a previous study[3]. In this paper, the authors explore the details of the pressure field that is generated with the device. A single degree-of-freedom relationship is developed between the acoustic field pressure, the location of the levitated particle, and the mechanical vibration needed to produce levitation. In order to levitate a 100 micrometer diameter water droplet at 55 kilohertz, the calculations suggest that the transducer must achieve an average surface vibration amplitude of at least 6.43 micrometers. This mechanical vibration must produce a root means-squared pressure amplitude of 933 Pascal. Under these conditions, the particle will levitate approximately 0.4 millimeters below a zero pressure node. To validate the use of the single degree of freedom relationships and to explore the acoustic field for one, two, and three-axis levitation, the authors designed and prototyped an acoustic levitator capable of generating standing waves in three orthogonal directions. Using a simple electrical control circuit, the acoustic wave transducers of each axis can be turned on individually or simultaneously. An experiment was developed to measure the pressure of the acoustic field using a microphone. Preliminary pressure magnitude results were measured for one-axis levitation along the center of the vertical axis of the levitator. The measurements suggest that the theoretical development provides a valid first approximation for the pressure magnitude and required mechanical vibration amplitude.
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